Since 1988, Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO) has been continually monitoring seismicity at active volcanoes in Alaska (Dixon et al., 2004). The AVO seismic network has grown from 27 stations on the Cook Inlet volcanoes (Augustine, Iliamna, Redoubt, and Spurr) to 160 stations on 27 volcanoes in 2004 (Figure 1). Each seismograph subnetwork on an individual volcano typically consists of five short-period vertical stations and one short-period three-component station surrounding the volcanic center at distances of 1 to 20 km. The configuration of each subnetwork varies depending on numerous factors such as local topography, available telemetry options, and the grouping of individual volcanic centers. Historically, the AVO seismic network has used short-period geophones and standard analog telemetry because of reliability, cost, and availability. As telemetry bandwidth has become more readily available, AVO has begun to deploy broadband seismometers and digital communications for telemetry (Murray et al., 2002).
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/gssrl.76.2.168","usgsCitation":"Dixon, J.P., Power, J.A., and Stihler, S.D., 2005, A comparison of seismic event detection with IASPEI and earthworm acquisition systems at Alaskan volcanoes: Seismological Research Letters, v. 76, no. 2, p. 168-176, https://doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.76.2.168.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"168","endPage":"176","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237367,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -140,\n 50\n ],\n [\n -140,\n 66\n ],\n [\n -179.9,\n 66\n ],\n [\n -179.9,\n 50\n ],\n [\n -140,\n 50\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"76","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e372e4b0c8380cd4601b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dixon, James P. 0000-0002-8478-9971 jpdixon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8478-9971","contributorId":3163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dixon","given":"James","email":"jpdixon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":421820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Power, John A. 0000-0002-7233-4398 jpower@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7233-4398","contributorId":2768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Power","given":"John","email":"jpower@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":421818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stihler, Scott D. 0000-0002-3585-7050","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3585-7050","contributorId":215242,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stihler","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":39214,"text":"Alaska Volcano Observatory, UAFGI.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":421819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029190,"text":"70029190 - 2005 - A signal for independent coastal and continental histories among North American wolves","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-20T18:18:55","indexId":"70029190","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2774,"text":"Molecular Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A signal for independent coastal and continental histories among North American wolves","docAbstract":"Relatively little genetic variation has been uncovered in surveys across North American wolf populations. Pacific Northwest coastal wolves, in particular, have never been analysed. With an emphasis on coastal Alaska wolf populations, variation at 11 microsatellite loci was assessed. Coastal wolf populations were distinctive from continental wolves and high levels of diversity were found within this isolated and relatively small geographical region. Significant genetic structure within southeast Alaska relative to other populations in the Pacific Northwest, and lack of significant correlation between genetic and geographical distances suggest that differentiation of southeast Alaska wolves may be caused by barriers to gene flow, rather than isolation by distance. Morphological research also suggests that coastal wolves differ from continental populations. A series of studies of other mammals in the region also has uncovered distinctive evolutionary histories and high levels of endemism along the Pacific coast. Divergence of these coastal wolves is consistent with the unique phylogeographical history of the biota of this region and re-emphasizes the need for continued exploration of this biota to lay a framework for thoughtful management of southeast Alaska.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Molecular Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-294X.2005.02461.x","issn":"09621083","usgsCitation":"Weckworth, B.V., Talbot, S.L., Sage, G.K., Person, D.K., and Cook, J., 2005, A signal for independent coastal and continental histories among North American wolves: Molecular Ecology, v. 14, no. 4, p. 917-931, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2005.02461.x.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"917","endPage":"931","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237436,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210499,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2005.02461.x"}],"volume":"14","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-03-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e589e4b0c8380cd46de0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weckworth, Byron V.","contributorId":195766,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weckworth","given":"Byron","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Talbot, Sandra L. 0000-0002-3312-7214 stalbot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3312-7214","contributorId":140512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Sandra","email":"stalbot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":421684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sage, George K. 0000-0003-1431-2286 ksage@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1431-2286","contributorId":87833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sage","given":"George","email":"ksage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":421683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Person, David K.","contributorId":10603,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Person","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cook, Joseph","contributorId":194185,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cook","given":"Joseph","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70029647,"text":"70029647 - 2005 - Impact of millennial-scale Holocene climate variability on eastern North American terrestrial ecosystems: Pollen-based climatic reconstruction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:09","indexId":"70029647","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1844,"text":"Global and Planetary Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impact of millennial-scale Holocene climate variability on eastern North American terrestrial ecosystems: Pollen-based climatic reconstruction","docAbstract":"We present paleoclimatic evidence for a series of Holocene millennial-scale cool intervals in eastern North America that occurred every ???1400 years and lasted ???300-500 years, based on pollen data from Chesapeake Bay in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States. The cool events are indicated by significant decreases in pine pollen, which we interpret as representing decreases in January temperatures of between 0.2??and 2??C. These temperature decreases include excursions during the Little Ice Age (???1300-1600 AD) and the 8 ka cold event. The timing of the pine minima is correlated with a series of quasi-periodic cold intervals documented by various proxies in Greenland, North Atlantic, and Alaskan cores and with solar minima interpreted from cosmogenic isotope records. These events may represent changes in circumpolar vortex size and configuration in response to intervals of decreased solar activity, which altered jet stream patterns to enhance meridional circulation over eastern North America. ?? 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Global and Planetary Change","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2004.11.017","issn":"09218181","usgsCitation":"Willard, D., Bernhardt, C., Korejwo, D., and Meyers, S., 2005, Impact of millennial-scale Holocene climate variability on eastern North American terrestrial ecosystems: Pollen-based climatic reconstruction: Global and Planetary Change, v. 47, no. 1, p. 17-35, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2004.11.017.","startPage":"17","endPage":"35","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240604,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213024,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2004.11.017"}],"volume":"47","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a38c0e4b0c8380cd6169f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Willard, Debra A. 0000-0003-4878-0942","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4878-0942","contributorId":85982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willard","given":"Debra A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bernhardt, C.E.","contributorId":65554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bernhardt","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Korejwo, D.A.","contributorId":40020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Korejwo","given":"D.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Meyers, S.R.","contributorId":64458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyers","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70176076,"text":"70176076 - 2005 - Population status of Kittlitz's Murrelet Brachyramphus brevirostris along the southern coast of the Alaska Peninsula","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-27T11:19:19","indexId":"70176076","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Population status of Kittlitz's Murrelet Brachyramphus brevirostris along the southern coast of the Alaska Peninsula","docAbstract":"The Kittlitz's murrelet (Brachyramphus brevirostris) is a rare seabird that nests in alpine terrain and generally forages near tidewater glaciers during the breeding season. An estimated 95% of the global population breeds in Alaska, with some unknown proportion breeding in the Russian Far East. A global population estimate using bestavailable data in the early 1990s was 20,000 individuals. However, recent survey data from two core areas (Prince William Sound and Glacier Bay) suggest that populations have declined by 75-90% during the past 10-20 years. In response to these declines, a coalition of environmental groups petitioned the USFWS in May 2001 to list the Kittlitz’s murrelet under the Endangered Species Act (ESA), and in 2004 Kittlitz’s Murrelet was declared a candidate species under the ESA. In 2005, BirdLife International classified the species as “critically endangered”. In 2002, we began a three-year project to examine population status and trend of Kittlitz’s Murrelets in areas where distribution and abundance were poorly known. Results from the 2002 field season, focused on the south coast of the Kenai Peninsula, suggested that the local population of Kittlitz’s Murrelets has declined by ca. 74% since 1986, with a current population of ca. 500 individuals. Here we present results from the 2003 field season when we surveyed Kittlitz’s Murrelets along the southern coast of the Alaska Peninsula. This is a large region that encompasses a substantial portion of the known range of the Kittlitz’s Murrelet, yet has never been surveyed rigorously for murrelets or any other non-colonial marine birds. During four weeks of surveys, we established a set of nearshore and offshore transects (over 825 linear kilometers in total) with a stratified sample design, combining random and systematically selected transects. From a total of 123 individuals seen on transects, we estimate a total population of 2265 (95% CI 1165-4405) Kittlitz’s Murrelets along the south coast of the Alaska Peninsula. For comparison, we estimate the population size of the congeneric Marbled Murrelet (Brachyramphus marmoratus). We discuss broad-scale murrelet habitat relationships and species comparisons, and present recommendations for management and future work. Other species of marine birds and mammals were also surveyed; summarized information is included as an appendix.
","language":"English","publisher":"USGS Biological Science Office","publisherLocation":"Anchorage, AK","doi":"10.3133/70176076","usgsCitation":"van Pelt, T.I., and Piatt, J.F., 2005, Population status of Kittlitz's Murrelet Brachyramphus brevirostris along the southern coast of the Alaska Peninsula, 63 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70176076.","productDescription":"63 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":327821,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57c6b0e7e4b0f2f0cebe6500","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"van Pelt, Thomas I.","contributorId":13392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Pelt","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":647021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":647022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029645,"text":"70029645 - 2005 - Analysis of vegetation distribution in Interior Alaska and sensitivity to climate change using a logistic regression approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:09","indexId":"70029645","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2193,"text":"Journal of Biogeography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analysis of vegetation distribution in Interior Alaska and sensitivity to climate change using a logistic regression approach","docAbstract":"Aim: To understand drivers of vegetation type distribution and sensitivity to climate change. Location: Interior Alaska. Methods: A logistic regression model was developed that predicts the potential equilibrium distribution of four major vegetation types: tundra, deciduous forest, black spruce forest and white spruce forest based on elevation, aspect, slope, drainage type, fire interval, average growing season temperature and total growing season precipitation. The model was run in three consecutive steps. The hierarchical logistic regression model was used to evaluate how scenarios of changes in temperature, precipitation and fire interval may influence the distribution of the four major vegetation types found in this region. Results: At the first step, tundra was distinguished from forest, which was mostly driven by elevation, precipitation and south to north aspect. At the second step, forest was separated into deciduous and spruce forest, a distinction that was primarily driven by fire interval and elevation. At the third step, the identification of black vs. white spruce was driven mainly by fire interval and elevation. The model was verified for Interior Alaska, the region used to develop the model, where it predicted vegetation distribution among the steps with an accuracy of 60-83%. When the model was independently validated for north-west Canada, it predicted vegetation distribution among the steps with an accuracy of 53-85%. Black spruce remains the dominant vegetation type under all scenarios, potentially expanding most under warming coupled with increasing fire interval. White spruce is clearly limited by moisture once average growing season temperatures exceeded a critical limit (+2 ??C). Deciduous forests expand their range the most when any two of the following scenarios are combined: decreasing fire interval, warming and increasing precipitation. Tundra can be replaced by forest under warming but expands under precipitation increase. Main conclusion: The model analyses agree with current knowledge of the responses of vegetation types to climate change and provide further insight into drivers of vegetation change. ?? 2005 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Biogeography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2699.2004.01185.x","issn":"03050270","usgsCitation":"Calef, M., McGuire, A., Epstein, H., Rupp, T., and Shugart, H., 2005, Analysis of vegetation distribution in Interior Alaska and sensitivity to climate change using a logistic regression approach: Journal of Biogeography, v. 32, no. 5, p. 863-878, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2004.01185.x.","startPage":"863","endPage":"878","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212996,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2004.01185.x"},{"id":240572,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-04-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eb48e4b0c8380cd48d23","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Calef, M.P.","contributorId":55213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Calef","given":"M.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGuire, A. D.","contributorId":16552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Epstein, H.E.","contributorId":44736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Epstein","given":"H.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rupp, T.S.","contributorId":66904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rupp","given":"T.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shugart, H.H.","contributorId":66486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shugart","given":"H.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70029607,"text":"70029607 - 2005 - Role of reservoir engineering in the assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources in the National Petroleum Reserve, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:52","indexId":"70029607","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":701,"text":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Role of reservoir engineering in the assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources in the National Petroleum Reserve, Alaska","docAbstract":"The geology and reservoir-engineering data were integrated in the 2002 U.S. Geological Survey assessment of the National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska (NPRA). VVhereas geology defined the analog pools and fields and provided the basic information on sizes and numbers of hypothesized petroleum accumulations, reservoir engineering helped develop necessary equations and correlations, which allowed the determination of reservoir parameters for better quantification of in-place petroleum volumes and recoverable reserves. Seismic- and sequence-stratigraphic study of the NPRA resulted in identification of 24 plays. Depth ranges in these 24 plays, however, were typically greater than depth ranges of analog plays for which there were available data, necessitating the need for establishing correlations. The basic parameters required were pressure, temperature, oil and gas formation volume factors, liquid/gas ratios for the associated and nonassociated gas, and recovery factors. Finally, the re sults of U.S. Geological Survey deposit simulation were used in carrying out an economic evaluation, which has been separately published. Copyright ?? 2005. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1306/04040504055","issn":"01491423","usgsCitation":"Verma, M., and Bird, K.J., 2005, Role of reservoir engineering in the assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources in the National Petroleum Reserve, Alaska: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 89, no. 8, p. 1091-1111, https://doi.org/10.1306/04040504055.","startPage":"1091","endPage":"1111","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237718,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210711,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1306/04040504055"}],"volume":"89","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aae67e4b0c8380cd870bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Verma, M.K.","contributorId":90375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verma","given":"M.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bird, K. J.","contributorId":57824,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bird","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029594,"text":"70029594 - 2005 - Stratigraphic and geochemical evolution of an oceanic arc upper crustal section: The Jurassic Talkeetna Volcanic Formation, south-central Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:53","indexId":"70029594","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stratigraphic and geochemical evolution of an oceanic arc upper crustal section: The Jurassic Talkeetna Volcanic Formation, south-central Alaska","docAbstract":"The Early Jurassic Talkeetna Volcanic Formation forms the upper stratigraphic level of an oceanic volcanic arc complex within the Peninsular Terrane of south-central Alaska. The section comprises a series of lavas, tuffs, and volcaniclastic debris-How and flow turbidite deposits, showing significant lateral facies variability. There is a general trend toward more volcaniclastic sediment at the top of the section and more lavas and tuff breccias toward the base. Evidence for dominant submarine, mostly mid-bathyal or deeper (>500 m) emplacement is seen throughout the section, which totals ???7 km in thickness, similar to modern western Pacific arcs, and far more than any other known exposed section. Subaerial sedimentation was rare but occurred over short intervals in the middle of the section. The Talkeetna Volcanic Formation is dominantly calc-alkatine and shows no clear trend to increasing SiO2 up-section. An oceanic subduction petrogenesis is shown by trace element and Nd isotope data. Rocks at the base of the section show no relative enrichment of light rare earth elements (LREEs) versus heavy rare earth elements (REES) or in melt-incompatible versus compatible high field strength elements (HFSEs). Relative enrichment of LREEs and HFSEs increases slightly up-section. The Talkeetna Volcanic Formation is typically more REE depleted than average continental crust, although small volumes of light REE-enriched and heavy REE-depleted mafic lavas are recognized low in the stratigraphy. The Talkeetna Volcanic Formation was formed in an intraoceanic arc above a north-dipping subduction zone and contains no preserved record of its subsequent collisions with Wrangellia or North America. ?? 2005 Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/B25638.1","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Clift, P., Draut, A., Kelemen, P., Blusztajn, J., and Greene, A., 2005, Stratigraphic and geochemical evolution of an oceanic arc upper crustal section: The Jurassic Talkeetna Volcanic Formation, south-central Alaska: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 117, no. 7-8, p. 902-925, https://doi.org/10.1130/B25638.1.","startPage":"902","endPage":"925","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210543,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/B25638.1"},{"id":237498,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"117","issue":"7-8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b98c8e4b08c986b31c138","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clift, P.D.","contributorId":100182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clift","given":"P.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Draut, A.E.","contributorId":50273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Draut","given":"A.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kelemen, P.B.","contributorId":107034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelemen","given":"P.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Blusztajn, J.","contributorId":16639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blusztajn","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Greene, A.","contributorId":34711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greene","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70028999,"text":"70028999 - 2005 - Observer variability in pinniped counts: Ground-based enumeration of walruses at haul-out sites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-20T20:05:41","indexId":"70028999","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2671,"text":"Marine Mammal Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Observer variability in pinniped counts: Ground-based enumeration of walruses at haul-out sites","docAbstract":"Pinnipeds are often monitored by counting individuals at haul-out sites, but the often large numbers of densely packed individuals at these sites are difficult to enumerate accurately. Errors in enumeration can induce bias and reduce precision in estimates of population size and trend. We used data from paired observers monitoring walrus haul-outs in Bristol Bay, Alaska, to quantify observer variability and assess its relative importance. The probability of a pair of observers making identical counts was 50 individuals. Mean count differences ranged up to 25% for the largest counts, depending on beach and observers. In at least some cases, there was a clear tendency for counts of one observer to be consistently greater than counts of the other observer in a pair, indicating that counts of at least one of the observers were biased. These results suggest that efforts to improve accuracy of counts will be worthwhile. However, we also found that variation among observers was relatively small compared to variation among visits to a beach so that efforts to account for other sources of variation will be more important.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Mammal Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1748-7692.2005.tb01211.x","issn":"08240469","usgsCitation":"Udevitz, M.S., Jay, C., and Cody, M., 2005, Observer variability in pinniped counts: Ground-based enumeration of walruses at haul-out sites: Marine Mammal Science, v. 21, no. 1, p. 108-120, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.2005.tb01211.x.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"108","endPage":"120","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":236734,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6af8e4b0c8380cd7444d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Udevitz, Mark S. 0000-0003-4659-138X mudevitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4659-138X","contributorId":3189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Udevitz","given":"Mark","email":"mudevitz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":420888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jay, C.V. 0000-0002-9559-2189","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9559-2189","contributorId":67827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jay","given":"C.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cody, M.B.","contributorId":43154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cody","given":"M.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029582,"text":"70029582 - 2005 - Transient rheology of the upper mantle beneath central Alaska inferred from the crustal velocity field following the 2002 Denali earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:47","indexId":"70029582","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Transient rheology of the upper mantle beneath central Alaska inferred from the crustal velocity field following the 2002 Denali earthquake","docAbstract":"The M7.9 2002 Denali earthquake, Alaska, is one of the largest strike-slip earthquakes ever recorded. The postseismic GPS velocity field around the 300-km-long rupture is characterized by very rapid horizontal velocity up to ???300 mm/yr for the first 0.1 years and slower but still elevated horizontal velocity up to ???100 mm/yr for the succeeding 1.5 years. I find that the spatial and temporal pattern of the displacement field may be explained by a transient mantle rheology. Representing the regional upper mantle as a Burghers body, I infer steady state and transient viscosities of ??1 = 2.8 ?? 1018 Pa s and ??2 = 1.0 ?? 1017 Pa s, respectively, corresponding to material relaxation times of 1.3 and 0.05 years. The lower crustal viscosity is poorly constrained by the considered horizontal velocity field, and the quoted mantle viscosities assume a steady state lower crust viscosity that is 7??1. Systematic bias in predicted versus observed velocity vectors with respect to a fixed North America during the first 3-6 months following the earthquake is reduced when all velocity vectors are referred to a fixed site. This suggests that the post-Denali GPS time series for the first 1.63 years are shaped by a combination of a common mode noise source during the first 3-6 months plus viscoelastic relaxation controlled by a transient mantle rheology.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2005JB003672","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Pollitz, F., 2005, Transient rheology of the upper mantle beneath central Alaska inferred from the crustal velocity field following the 2002 Denali earthquake: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 110, no. 8, p. 1-16, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JB003672.","startPage":"1","endPage":"16","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210850,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2005JB003672"},{"id":237894,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"110","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-08-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb702e4b08c986b326fde","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pollitz, F. F.","contributorId":108280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pollitz","given":"F. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70029038,"text":"70029038 - 2005 - Seasonal marine growth of Bristol Bay sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) in relation to competition with Asian pink salmon (O. gorbuscho) and the 1977 ocean regime shift","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-27T14:35:54","indexId":"70029038","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1663,"text":"Fishery Bulletin","printIssn":"0090-0656","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal marine growth of Bristol Bay sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) in relation to competition with Asian pink salmon (O. gorbuscho) and the 1977 ocean regime shift","docAbstract":"Recent research demonstrated significantly lower growth and survival of Bristol Bay sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) during odd-numbered years of their second or third years at sea (1975, 1977, etc.), a trend that was opposite that of Asian pink salmon (O. gorbuscha) abundance. Here we evaluated seasonal growth trends of Kvichak and Egegik river sockeye salmon (Bristol Bay stocks) during even- and odd-numbered years at sea by measuring scale circuli increments within each growth zone of each major salmon age group between 1955 and 2000. First year scale growth was not significantly different between odd- and even-numbered years, but peak growth of age-2. smolts was significantly higher than age-1 smolts. Total second and third year scale growth of salmon was significantly lower during odd- than during even-numbered years. However, reduced scale growth in odd-numbered years began after peak growth in spring and continued through summer and fall even though most pink salmon had left the high seas by late July (10-18% growth reduction in odd vs. even years). The alternating odd and even year growth pattern was consistent before and after the 1977 ocean regime shift. During 1977-2000, when salmon abundance was relatively great, sockeye salmon growth was high during specific seasons compared with that during 1955-1976, that is to say, immediately after entry to Bristol Bay, after peak growth in the first year, during the middle of the second growing season, and during spring of the third season. Growth after the spring peak in the third year at sea was relatively low during 1977-2000. We hypothesize that high consumption rates of prey by pink salmon during spring through mid-July of odd-numbered years, coupled with declining zooplankton biomass during summer and potentially cyclic abundances of squid and other prey, contributed to reduced prey availability and therefore reduced growth of Bristol Bay sockeye salmon during late spring through fall of odd-numbered years.
","language":"English","publisher":"NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC","issn":"00900656","usgsCitation":"Ruggerone, G.T., Farley, E., Nielsen, J.L., and Hagen, P., 2005, Seasonal marine growth of Bristol Bay sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) in relation to competition with Asian pink salmon (O. gorbuscho) and the 1977 ocean regime shift: Fishery Bulletin, v. 103, no. 2, p. 355-370.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"355","endPage":"370","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":236418,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":336095,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://fishbull.noaa.gov/1032/1032toc.htm","text":"Fishery Bulletin: Volume 103, Issue 2"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Bristol Bay, Egegik River, Kvichak River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -157.69775390625,\n 57.68066002977235\n ],\n [\n -155.269775390625,\n 57.68066002977235\n ],\n [\n -155.269775390625,\n 59.772991625706695\n ],\n [\n -157.69775390625,\n 59.772991625706695\n ],\n [\n -157.69775390625,\n 57.68066002977235\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"103","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b88b4e4b08c986b316b00","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruggerone, Gregory T.","contributorId":48068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruggerone","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Farley, Ed","contributorId":91672,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Farley","given":"Ed","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12520,"text":"NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":421057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nielsen, Jennifer L.","contributorId":43722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nielsen","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":421055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hagen, Peter","contributorId":100173,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hagen","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70176047,"text":"70176047 - 2005 - Aniakchak sockeye salmon investigations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-24T11:11:59","indexId":"70176047","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":691,"text":"Alaska Park Science","printIssn":"1545- 496","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aniakchak sockeye salmon investigations","docAbstract":"Aniakchak National Monument and Preserve provides unusual and dramatic landscapes shaped by numerous volcanic eruptions, a massive flood, enormous landslides, and ongoing geological change. The focal point of the monument is Aniakchak Caldera, a restless volcano that embodies the instability of the Alaska Peninsula. This geological instability creates a dynamic and challenging environment for the biological occupants of Aniakchak and unparalleled opportunities for scientists to measure the adaptability of organisms and ecosystems to change. The sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) is one member of the Aniakchak ecosystem that has managed to adapt to geologic upheaval and is now thriving in the park. Aside from just surviving in the harsh environment, these salmon are also noteworthy for providing essential marinederived nutrients to plants and animals and as a source of food for historic and present day people in the region.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service, Alaska Support Office","publisherLocation":"Anchorage, Alaska","usgsCitation":"Hamon, T.R., Pavey, S.A., Miller, J.L., and Nielsen, J.L., 2005, Aniakchak sockeye salmon investigations: Alaska Park Science, v. 3, p. 35-39.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"35","endPage":"39","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":327782,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":327781,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.scottpavey.com/documents/Alaska_Park_Science_2004.pdf","size":"278KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","volume":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57c6ae87e4b0f2f0cebe3f78","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hamon, Troy R.","contributorId":107419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamon","given":"Troy","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pavey, Scott A.","contributorId":31516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pavey","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, Joe L.","contributorId":174001,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Joe","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nielsen, Jennifer L.","contributorId":43722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nielsen","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":646908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70029580,"text":"70029580 - 2005 - Physiological response of wild rainbow trout to angling: Impact of angling duration, fish size, body condition, and temperature","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-20T10:24:04","indexId":"70029580","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1661,"text":"Fisheries Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Physiological response of wild rainbow trout to angling: Impact of angling duration, fish size, body condition, and temperature","docAbstract":"This study evaluated the immediate physiological response of wild rainbow trout to catch-and-release angling in the Alagnak River, southwest Alaska. Information was recorded on individual rainbow trout (n = 415) captured by angling including landing time and the time required to remove hooks (angling duration), the time to anesthetize fish in clove oil and withdraw blood, fish length and weight, and water temperature at capture locations. Plasma cortisol, glucose, ions (sodium, potassium, chloride), and lactate were analyzed to determine the effects of angling duration, fish size, body condition, and temperature. Levels of plasma ions did not change significantly during the observed physiological response and levels of plasma glucose were sometimes influenced by length (2000, 2001), body condition (2001), or temperature (2001). Levels of plasma cortisol and lactate in extended capture fish (angling duration greater than 2 min) were significantly higher than levels in rapid capture fish (angling duration less than 2 min). Rapid capture fish were significantly smaller than extended capture fish, reflecting that fish size influenced landing and handling times. Fish size was related to cortisol and lactate in 2002, which corresponded to the year when larger fish were captured and there were longer landing times. Body condition (i.e., weight/length regression residuals index), was significantly related to lactate in 2000 and 2001. Water temperatures were higher in 2001 (mean temperature ± S.E., 13 ± 2oC) than in 2002 (10 ± 2oC), and fish captured in 2001 had significantly higher cortisol and lactate concentrations than fish captured in 2002. The pattern of increase in plasma cortisol and lactate was due to the amount of time fish were angled, and the upper limit of the response was due to water temperature. The results of this study indicate the importance of minimizing the duration of angling in order to reduce the sublethal physiological disturbances in wild fish subjected to catch-and-release angling, particularly during warmer water temperatures. It is also important to note that factors such as fish size may influence both the duration of angling and subsequent physiological response.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fisheries Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co.","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam","doi":"10.1016/j.fishres.2004.10.006","issn":"01657836","usgsCitation":"Meka, J.M., and McCormick, S., 2005, Physiological response of wild rainbow trout to angling: Impact of angling duration, fish size, body condition, and temperature: Fisheries Research, v. 72, no. 2-3, p. 311-322, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2004.10.006.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"311","endPage":"322","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477794,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.419.3467","text":"External Repository"},{"id":237857,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210823,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2004.10.006"}],"volume":"72","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7b26e4b0c8380cd7929d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meka, Julie M.","contributorId":44713,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meka","given":"Julie","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCormick, S. D. 0000-0003-0621-6200","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-6200","contributorId":20278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCormick","given":"S. D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":423333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70176043,"text":"70176043 - 2005 - Individual variation in staging and timing of spring migration of Pacific common eiders in Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-15T10:48:36","indexId":"70176043","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Individual variation in staging and timing of spring migration of Pacific common eiders in Alaska","docAbstract":"Timing of migration and characterization of migration patterns of birds are usually based on dates of peak migration to and from staging, wintering, and breeding areas used by the bulk of a species. For Pacific common eiders (Somateria mollissima v-nigrum), as well as other species, the timing of migration into and through the Beaufort Sea is based on counts of birds past land or ice-based sites and radar observations, and arrival dates to colonies determined by influxes of birds seen by ground observers. With the continued and proposed development of nearshore and offshore waters of the Beaufort Sea, there is an expanding need to manage local populations. Observations of individual Pacific common eiders can provide a more complete understanding of local populations as well as variability among populations. This study was designed to determine factors influencing migration patterns of individuals nesting in the western Beaufort Sea from their wintering locations along the Chukotka Peninsula, through the eastern Chukchi and western Beaufort seas, until their arrival to their nesting area. The Simpson Lagoon/Maguire Island nesting colonies are 1300-1400 km from the primary winter area. Eiders enter the Beaufort Sea at Point Barrow then move east 300-350 km to their nesting colonies. Nesting adult females were marked with satellite transmitters during summer then followed the next spring and early summer. Transmitters were programmed to provide location data every 3 days (2001, n = 12) or daily (2002 and 2004, n = 7 and 18, respectively) beginning 15 April. I expected the dates of arrival to the colony to vary with weather during migration (Point. Barrow to the colony) and general conditions in spring (early or late year based on differences in temperatures from the long term norm for April, May, and June). All individuals returned to the colony area they were marked the previous year. Data were consistent with other “short” distance migrants. There were no correlations of the dates of arrival to the dates birds left the wintering area, the total days spent staging, wind speed or direction, temperature, weather, or seasonal differences in temperature from the long term average, a plethora of non-significant results. However, two patterns emerged: some birds migrated about 550 km and staged in the eastern Chukchi Sea before migrating to the colonies, while others went directly either to the colony area (1300 km) or elsewhere within the western Beaufort. I will present preliminary analysis and several hypotheses regarding these two strategies.
","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"Second North America Sea Duck Conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"conferenceTitle":"Second North America Sea Duck Conference","conferenceDate":"November 7-11, 2005","conferenceLocation":"Annapolis, MD","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Petersen, M.R., 2005, Individual variation in staging and timing of spring migration of Pacific common eiders in Alaska, in Second North America Sea Duck Conference, Annapolis, MD, November 7-11, 2005.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"39","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":327780,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":327779,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.pwrc.usgs.gov/seaduck_conf2005/2%20sea%20duck%20e.pdf","size":"1.42MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57c6b06fe4b0f2f0cebe5caf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Petersen, Margaret R. 0000-0001-6082-3189 mrpetersen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6082-3189","contributorId":167729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"Margaret","email":"mrpetersen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":646898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70031395,"text":"70031395 - 2005 - Parallel structure among environmental gradients and three trophic levels in a subarctic estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-11T13:10:59","indexId":"70031395","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3194,"text":"Progress in Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Parallel structure among environmental gradients and three trophic levels in a subarctic estuary","docAbstract":"We assessed spatial and temporal variability in the physical environment of a subarctic estuary, and examined concurrent patterns of chlorophyll α abundance (fluorescence), and zooplankton and forage fish community structure. Surveys were conducted in lower Cook Inlet, Alaska, during late July and early August from 1997 through 1999. Principle components analysis (PCA) revealed that spatial heterogeneity in the physical oceanographic environment of lower Cook Inlet could be modeled as three marine-estuarine gradients characterized by temperature, salinity, bottom depth, and turbidity. The gradients persisted from 1997 through 1999, and PCA explained 68% to 92% of the variance in physical oceanography for each gradient-year combination. Correlations between chlorophyll α abundance and distribution and the PCA axes were weak. Chlorophyll was reduced by turbidity, and low levels occurred in areas with high levels of suspended sediments. Detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) was used to order the sample sites based on species composition and to order the zooplankton and forage fish taxa based on similarities among sample sites for each gradient-year. Correlations between the structure of the physical environment (PCA axis 1) and zooplankton community structure (DCA axis 1) were strong (r = 0.43-0.86) in all years for the three marine-estuarine gradients, suggesting that zooplankton community composition was structured by the physical environment. The physical environment (PCA) and forage fish community structure (DCA) were weakly correlated in all years along Gradient 2, defined by halocline intensity and surface temperature and salinity, even though these physical variables were more important for defining zooplankton habitats. However, the physical environment (PCA) and forage fish community structure (DCA) were strongly correlated along the primary marine-estuarine gradient (#1) in 1997 (r = 0.87) and 1998 (r = 0.82). The correlation was poor (r = 0.32) in 1999, when fish community structure changed markedly in lower Cook Inlet. Capelin (Mallotus villosus), walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma), and arrowtooth flounder (Atheresthes stomias) were caught farther north than in previous years. Waters were significantly colder and more saline in 1999, a La Nina year, than in other years of the study. Interannual fluctuations in environmental conditions in lower Cook Inlet did not have substantial effects on zooplankton community structure, although abundance of individual taxa varied significantly. The abundance and distribution of chlorophyll α, zooplankton and forage fish were affected much more by spatial variability in physical oceanography than by interannual variability. Our examination of physical-biological linkages in lower Cook Inlet supports the concept of \"bottom-up control,\" i.e., that variability in the physical environment structures higher trophic-level communities by influencing their distribution and abundance across space.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2005.04.001","issn":"00796611","usgsCitation":"Speckman, S., Piatt, J.F., Minte-Vera, C.V., and Parrish, J.K., 2005, Parallel structure among environmental gradients and three trophic levels in a subarctic estuary: Progress in Oceanography, v. 66, no. 1, p. 25-65, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2005.04.001.","productDescription":"41 p.","startPage":"25","endPage":"65","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239654,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"66","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a74cae4b0c8380cd77829","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Speckman, Suzann G.","contributorId":88217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Speckman","given":"Suzann G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":431321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Minte-Vera, C. V.","contributorId":61647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minte-Vera","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Parrish, Julia K.","contributorId":47270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parrish","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70029143,"text":"70029143 - 2005 - Advantageous GOES IR results for ash mapping at high latitudes: Cleveland eruptions 2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-02T11:28:17","indexId":"70029143","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Advantageous GOES IR results for ash mapping at high latitudes: Cleveland eruptions 2001","docAbstract":"The February 2001 eruption of Cleveland Volcano, Alaska allowed for comparisons of volcanic ash detection using two‐band thermal infrared (10–12 μm) remote sensing from MODIS, AVHRR, and GOES 10. Results show that high latitude GOES volcanic cloud sensing the range of about 50 to 65°N is significantly enhanced. For the Cleveland volcanic clouds the MODIS and AVHRR data have zenith angles 6–65 degrees and the GOES has zenith angles that are around 70 degrees. The enhancements are explained by distortion in the satellite view of the cloud's lateral extent because the satellite zenith angles result in a “side‐looking” aspect and longer path lengths through the volcanic cloud. The shape of the cloud with respect to the GOES look angle also influences the results. The MODIS and AVHRR data give consistent retrievals of the ash cloud evolution over time and are good corrections for the GOES data.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2004GL021651","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Gu, Y., Rose, W.I., Schneider, D., Bluth, G., and Watson, I., 2005, Advantageous GOES IR results for ash mapping at high latitudes: Cleveland eruptions 2001: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 32, no. 2, p. 1-5, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004GL021651.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"5","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477901,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2004gl021651","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":237904,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210858,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004GL021651"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Cleveland volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -170.01617431640625,\n 52.79113653258534\n ],\n [\n -169.86923217773438,\n 52.79113653258534\n ],\n [\n -169.86923217773438,\n 52.859180945520826\n ],\n [\n -170.01617431640625,\n 52.859180945520826\n ],\n [\n -170.01617431640625,\n 52.79113653258534\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"32","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-01-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e709e4b0c8380cd477eb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gu, Yingxin 0000-0002-3544-1856 ygu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3544-1856","contributorId":139586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gu","given":"Yingxin","email":"ygu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":421503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rose, William I. Jr.","contributorId":71556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"William","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schneider, D.J.","contributorId":12997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schneider","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bluth, G.J.S.","contributorId":79258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bluth","given":"G.J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Watson, I.M.","contributorId":77696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watson","given":"I.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70029576,"text":"70029576 - 2005 - Effects of maternal characteristics and climatic variation on birth masses of Alaskan caribou","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-04T10:33:55","indexId":"70029576","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of maternal characteristics and climatic variation on birth masses of Alaskan caribou","docAbstract":"Understanding factors that influence birth mass of mammals provides insights to nutritional trade-offs made by females to optimize their reproduction, growth, and survival. I evaluated variation in birth mass of caribou (Rangifer tarandus) in central Alaska relative to maternal characteristics (age, body mass, cohort, and nutritional condition as influenced by winter severity) during 11 years with substantial variation in winter snowfall. Snowfall during gestation was the predominant factor explaining variation in birth masses, influencing birth mass inversely and through interactions with maternal age and lactation status. Maternal age effects were noted for females ≤ 5 years old, declining in magnitude with each successive age class. Birth mass as a proportion of autumn maternal mass was inversely related to winter snowfall, even though there was no decrease in masses of adult females in late winter associated with severe winters. I found no evidence of a hypothesized intergenerational effect of lower birth masses for offspring of females born after severe winters. Caribou produce relatively small offspring but provide exceptional lactation support for those that survive. Conservative maternal investment before parturition may represent an optimal reproductive strategy given that caribou experience stochastic variation in winter severity during gestation, uncertainty of environmental conditions surrounding the birth season, and intense predation on neonates.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Mammalogists","doi":"10.1644/1545-1542(2005)86[506:EOMCAC]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Adams, L., 2005, Effects of maternal characteristics and climatic variation on birth masses of Alaskan caribou: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 86, no. 3, p. 506-513, https://doi.org/10.1644/1545-1542(2005)86[506:EOMCAC]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"506","endPage":"513","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478011,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1644/1545-1542(2005)86[506:eomcac]2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":237785,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"86","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0759e4b0c8380cd5165d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Adams, Layne G. 0000-0001-6212-2896 ladams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6212-2896","contributorId":2776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Layne G.","email":"ladams@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":423324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70029545,"text":"70029545 - 2005 - Assembling an ignimbrite: Compositionally defined eruptive packages in the 1912 Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes ignimbrite, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-02T11:10:44","indexId":"70029545","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assembling an ignimbrite: Compositionally defined eruptive packages in the 1912 Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes ignimbrite, Alaska","docAbstract":"The 1912 Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes (VTTS) ignimbrite was constructed from 9 compositionally distinct, sequentially emplaced packages, each with distinct proportions of rhyolite (R), dacite (D), and andesite (A) pumices that permit us to map package boundaries and flow paths from vent to distal extents. Changing pumice proportions and interbedding relationships link ignimbrite formation to coeval fall deposition during the first ∼16 h (Episode I) of the eruption. Pumice compositional proportions in the ignimbrite were estimated by counts on ≥100 lapilli at multiple levels in vertical sections wherever accessible and more widely over most of the ignimbrite surface in the VTTS. The initial, 100% rhyolite ignimbrite package (equivalent to regional fall Layer A and occupying ∼3.5 h) was followed by packages with increasing proportions of andesite, then dacite, emplaced over ∼12.5 h and equivalent to regional fall Layers B1-B3. Coeval fall deposits are locally intercalated with the ignimbrite and show parallel changes in R:D (rhyolite:dacite) proportions, but lack significant amounts of andesite. Andesite was thus dominantly a low-fountaining component in the eruption column and is preferentially represented in packages filling the VTTS north of the vent. The most extensive packages (3 and 4) occur in B1 and early B2 times where flow mobility and volume were optimized; earlier all-rhyolite flows (Package 1) were highly energetic but less voluminous, while later packages (5-9) were both less voluminous and emplaced at lower velocities. Package boundaries are expressed as one or more of the following: sharp color changes corresponding to compositional variations; persistent finer-grained basal parts of flow units; compaction swales filled by later packages; erosional channels cut by the flows that fill them; lobate accumulations of one package; and (mostly south of the vent) intercalated fall deposit layers. Clear flow-unit boundaries are best developed between ignimbrite of non-successive packages, indicating time breaks of tens of minutes to hours. Less well-defined stratification may represent rapidly emplaced successive flow units but often changes over short distances and indicates variations in localized depositional conditions.
","largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","language":"English","doi":"10.1130/B25621.1","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Fierstein, J., and Wilson, C.J., 2005, Assembling an ignimbrite: Compositionally defined eruptive packages in the 1912 Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes ignimbrite, Alaska: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 117, no. 7-8, p. 1094-1107, https://doi.org/10.1130/B25621.1.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1094","endPage":"1107","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237893,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210849,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/B25621.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.7586669921875,\n 58.33184616335256\n ],\n [\n -155.35491943359375,\n 58.33184616335256\n ],\n [\n -155.35491943359375,\n 58.51234832198017\n ],\n [\n -155.7586669921875,\n 58.51234832198017\n ],\n [\n -155.7586669921875,\n 58.33184616335256\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"117","issue":"7-8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059edc5e4b0c8380cd499c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fierstein, J.","contributorId":67666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fierstein","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, C. J. N.","contributorId":22096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"J. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029510,"text":"70029510 - 2005 - Identifying spawning behavior in Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis) using electronic tags","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-20T09:58:58","indexId":"70029510","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1528,"text":"Environmental Biology of Fishes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identifying spawning behavior in Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis) using electronic tags","docAbstract":"Identifying spawning behavior in Pacific halibut, Hippoglossus stenolepis, is particularly challenging because they occupy a deep, remote environment during the spawning season. To identify spawning events, a method is needed in which direct observation by humans is not employed. Spawning behavior of seven other flatfish, species has been directly observed in their natural environment by investigators using SCUBA. All of these flatfish species display almost identical spawning behavior that follows a routine. Therefore, it is reasonable to believe that this spawning behavior occurs in other flatfish species, including Pacific halibut. As part of a larger study, we recaptured two Pacific halibut on which Pop-up Archival Transmitting (PAT) tags had been attached during the winter spawning season. Because the tags were physically retrieved, we were able to collect minute-by-minute depth records for 135 and 155 days. We used these depth data to tentatively identify spawning events. On seven separate occasions between 20 January 2001 and 9 February 2001, one fish displayed a conspicuous routine only seen during the spawning season of Pacific halibut and the routine parallels the actions of other spawning flatfish directly observed by humans using SCUBA. Therefore, we propose this routine represents spawning behavior in Pacific halibut. The second tagged fish did not display the conspicuous routine, thus challenging the assumption that Pacific halibut are annual spawners. PAT tags may prove to be a useful tool for identifying spawning events of Pacific halibut, and that knowledge may be used for improved management in the future.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Biology of Fishes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10641-005-3216-2","issn":"03781909","usgsCitation":"Seitz, A., Norcross, B.L., Wilson, D., and Nielsen, J., 2005, Identifying spawning behavior in Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis) using electronic tags: Environmental Biology of Fishes, v. 73, no. 4, p. 445-451, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-005-3216-2.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"445","endPage":"451","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237926,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210872,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10641-005-3216-2"}],"volume":"73","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3858e4b0c8380cd61534","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Seitz, A.C.","contributorId":71756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seitz","given":"A.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Norcross, Brenda L.","contributorId":21497,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Norcross","given":"Brenda","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":7211,"text":"University of Alaska, Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":423049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilson, D.","contributorId":30353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nielsen, J.L.","contributorId":105665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nielsen","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70031425,"text":"70031425 - 2005 - Repeating coupled earthquakes at Shishaldin Volcano, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-30T12:16:07","indexId":"70031425","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Repeating coupled earthquakes at Shishaldin Volcano, Alaska","docAbstract":"Since it last erupted in 1999, Shishaldin Volcano, Aleutian Islands, Alaska, has produced hundreds to thousands of long-period (1-2 Hz; LP) earthquakes every day with no other sign of volcanic unrest. In 2002, the earthquakes also exhibited a short-period (4-7 Hz; SP) signal occurring between 3 and 15 s before the LP phase. Although the SP phase contains higher frequencies than the LP phase, its spectral content is still well below that expected of brittle failure events. The SP phase was never observed without the LP phase, although LP events continued to occur in the absence of the precursory signal. The two-phased events are termed \"coupled events\", reflecting a triggered relationship between two discrete event types. Both phases are highly repetitive in time series, suggestive of stable, non-destructive sources. Waveform cross-correlation and spectral coherence are used to extract waveforms from the continuous record and determine precise P-wave arrivals for the SP phase. Although depths are poorly constrained, the SP phase is believed to lie at shallow (<4 km) depths just west of Shishaldin's summit. The variable timing between the SP and LP arrivals indicates that the trigger mechanism between the phases itself moves at variable speeds. A model is proposed in which the SP phase results from fluid moving within the conduit, possibly around an obstruction and the LP phase results from the coalescence of a shallow gas bubble. The variable timing is attributed to changes in gas content within the conduit. The destruction of the conduit obstacle on November 21, 2002 resulted in the abrupt disappearance of the SP phase.","largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2005.01.011","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Caplan-Auerbach, J., and Petersen, T., 2005, Repeating coupled earthquakes at Shishaldin Volcano, Alaska: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 145, no. 1-2, p. 151-172, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2005.01.011.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"151","endPage":"172","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240134,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212620,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2005.01.011"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Mount Shishaldin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -164.20989990234375,\n 54.69288437829768\n ],\n [\n -163.8336181640625,\n 54.69288437829768\n ],\n [\n -163.8336181640625,\n 54.82126112097626\n ],\n [\n -164.20989990234375,\n 54.82126112097626\n ],\n [\n -164.20989990234375,\n 54.69288437829768\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"145","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa750e4b0c8380cd85342","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Caplan-Auerbach, J.","contributorId":7057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caplan-Auerbach","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Petersen, T.","contributorId":104705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029491,"text":"70029491 - 2005 - Ongoing hydrothermal heat loss from the 1912 ash-flow sheet, Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-03T12:11:30","indexId":"70029491","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ongoing hydrothermal heat loss from the 1912 ash-flow sheet, Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes, Alaska","docAbstract":"The June 1912 eruption of Novarupta filled nearby glacial valleys on the Alaska Peninsula with ash-flow tuff (ignimbrite), and post-eruption observations of thousands of steaming fumaroles led to the name ‘Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes’ (VTTS). By the late 1980s most fumarolic activity had ceased, but the discovery of thermal springs in mid-valley in 1987 suggested continued cooling of the ash-flow sheet. Data collected at the mid-valley springs between 1987 and 2001 show a statistically significant correlation between maximum observed chloride (Cl) concentration and temperature. These data also show a statistically significant decline in the maximum Cl concentration. The observed variation in stream chemistry across the sheet strongly implies that most solutes, including Cl, originate within the area of the VTTS occupied by the 1912 deposits. Numerous measurements of Cl flux in the Ukak River just below the ash-flow sheet suggest an ongoing heat loss of ∼250 MW. This represents one of the largest hydrothermal heat discharges in North America. Other hydrothermal discharges of comparable magnitude are related to heat obtained from silicic magma bodies at depth, and are quasi-steady on a multidecadal time scale. However, the VTTS hydrothermal flux is not obviously related to a magma body and is clearly declining. Available data provide reasonable boundary and initial conditions for simple transient modeling. Both an analytical, conduction-only model and a numerical model predict large rates of heat loss from the sheet 90 years after deposition.
","largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2004.12.003","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Hogeweg, N., Keith, T.E., Colvard, E., and Ingebritsen, S.E., 2005, Ongoing hydrothermal heat loss from the 1912 ash-flow sheet, Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes, Alaska: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 143, no. 4, p. 279-291, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2004.12.003.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"279","endPage":"291","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":210626,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2004.12.003"},{"id":237602,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.49911499023438,\n 58.25389494584044\n ],\n [\n -155.03494262695312,\n 58.25389494584044\n ],\n [\n -155.03494262695312,\n 58.394515431160926\n ],\n [\n -155.49911499023438,\n 58.394515431160926\n ],\n [\n -155.49911499023438,\n 58.25389494584044\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"143","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6e3fe4b0c8380cd7555e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hogeweg, N.","contributorId":14187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hogeweg","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keith, T. E. C.","contributorId":11681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keith","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"E. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Colvard, E.M.","contributorId":83553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colvard","given":"E.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ingebritsen, S. E.","contributorId":8078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingebritsen","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70029474,"text":"70029474 - 2005 - Comparing maps of mean monthly surface temperature and precipitation for Alaska and adjacent areas of Canada produced by two different methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-07T14:31:56.476485","indexId":"70029474","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":894,"text":"Arctic","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparing maps of mean monthly surface temperature and precipitation for Alaska and adjacent areas of Canada produced by two different methods","docAbstract":"Maps of mean monthly surface temperature and precipitation for Alaska and adjacent areas of Canada, produced by Oregon State University's Spatial Climate Analysis Service (SCAS) and the Alaska Geospatial Data Clearinghouse (AGDC), were analyzed. Because both sets of maps are generally available and in use by the community, there is a need to document differences between the processes and input data sets used by the two groups to produce their respective set of maps and to identify similarities and differences between the two sets of maps and possible reasons for the differences. These differences do not affect the observed large-scale patterns of seasonal and annual variability. Alaska is divided into interior and coastal zones, with consistent but different variability, separated by a transition region. The transition region has high interannual variability but low long-term mean variability. Both data sets support the four major ecosystems and ecosystem transition zone identified in our earlier work. Differences between the two sets of maps do occur, however, on the regional scale; they reflect differences in physiographic domains and in the treatment of these domains by the two groups (AGDC, SCAS). These differences also provide guidance for an improved observational network for Alaska. On the basis of validation with independent in situ data, we conclude that the data set produced by SCAS provides the best spatial coverage of Alaskan long-term mean monthly surface temperature and precipitation currently available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Arctic Institute of North America","doi":"10.14430/arctic407","usgsCitation":"Simpson, J.J., Hufford, G.L., Daly, C., Berg, J.S., and Fleming, M.D., 2005, Comparing maps of mean monthly surface temperature and precipitation for Alaska and adjacent areas of Canada produced by two different methods: Arctic, v. 58, no. 2, p. 137-161, https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic407.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"137","endPage":"161","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477774,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic407","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":237924,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska, British Columbia, Northwest Territories, Yukon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -128.84765625,\n 52.74959372674114\n ],\n [\n -119.091796875,\n 54.36775852406841\n ],\n [\n -121.11328124999999,\n 65.94647177615738\n ],\n [\n -127.17773437499999,\n 69.80930869552193\n ],\n [\n -143.96484375,\n 70.61261423801925\n ],\n [\n -159.169921875,\n 71.46912418989677\n ],\n [\n -168.3984375,\n 68.84766505841037\n ],\n [\n -170.15625,\n 64.8115572502203\n ],\n [\n -172.529296875,\n 63.470144746565424\n ],\n [\n -169.27734375,\n 52.429222277955134\n ],\n [\n -149.85351562499997,\n 57.468589192089354\n ],\n [\n -145.98632812499997,\n 59.57885104663186\n ],\n [\n -137.8125,\n 57.562995459387146\n ],\n [\n -132.36328125,\n 50.90303283111257\n ],\n [\n -128.84765625,\n 52.74959372674114\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"58","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-01-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f836e4b0c8380cd4cf45","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Simpson, James J.","contributorId":58811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simpson","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hufford, Gary L.","contributorId":78502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hufford","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Daly, Christopher","contributorId":83330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daly","given":"Christopher","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Berg, Jared S.","contributorId":78912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berg","given":"Jared","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fleming, Michael D.","contributorId":102638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleming","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":1013397,"text":"1013397 - 2005 - Spatial and temporal variations in the age structure of Arctic sea ice","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-06T11:47:47","indexId":"1013397","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial and temporal variations in the age structure of Arctic sea ice","docAbstract":"Spatial and temporal variations in the age structure of Arctic sea ice are investigated using a new reverse chronology algorithm that tracks ice-covered pixels to their location and date of origin based on ice motion and concentration data. The Beaufort Gyre tends to harbor the oldest (>10 years old) sea ice in the western Arctic while direct ice advection pathways toward the Transpolar Drift Stream maintain relatively young (10 years old (10+ year age class) were observed during 1989-2003. Since the mid-1990s, losses to the 10+ year age class lacked compensation by recruitment due to a prior depletion of all mature (6-10 year) age classes. Survival of the 1994 and 1996-1998 sea ice generations reestablished most mature age classes, and thereby the potential to increase extent of the 10+ year age class during the mid-2000s.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington D.C.","doi":"10.1029/2005GL023976","issn":"0094-8276","usgsCitation":"Belchansky, G., Douglas, D., and Platonov, N.G., 2005, Spatial and temporal variations in the age structure of Arctic sea ice: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 32, no. 18, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005GL023976.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":128625,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269148,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2005GL023976"}],"volume":"32","issue":"18","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-09-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f1e4b07f02db5ee969","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Belchansky, G. I.","contributorId":24301,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Belchansky","given":"G. I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Douglas, David C. 0000-0003-0186-1104 ddouglas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0186-1104","contributorId":150115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"David C.","email":"ddouglas@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":318639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Platonov, Nikita G.","contributorId":8791,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Platonov","given":"Nikita","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70027971,"text":"70027971 - 2005 - Distribution and density of moose in relation to landscape characteristics: Effects of scale","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:42","indexId":"70027971","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Distribution and density of moose in relation to landscape characteristics: Effects of scale","docAbstract":"We analyzed the relation between early winter distribution and density of female moose (Alces alces L.) and habitat heterogeneity in interior Alaska. We tested for effects of vegetation type, topography, distance to rivers and towns, occurrence and timing of fire, and landscape metrics. A spatial linear model was used to analyze effects of independent variables organized at multiple scales. Because densities of moose vary widely as a result of differences in management and other factors, a spatial response surface of the log of moose density was fit to remove large-scale effects. The analysis revealed that the densest populations of moose occurred closer to towns, at moderate elevations, near rivers, and in areas where fire occurred between 11 and 30 years ago. Furthermore, moose tended to occur in areas with large compact patches of varied habitat and avoided variable terrain and nonvegetated areas. Relationships of most variables with moose density occurred at or below 34 km2, suggesting that moose respond to environmental variables within a few kilometres of their location. The spatial model of density of moose developed in this study represents an important application for effective monitoring and management of moose in the boreal forest. ?? 2005 NRC.","largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Forest Research","language":"English","doi":"10.1139/x05-123","issn":"00455067","usgsCitation":"Maier, J., Ver Hoef, J., McGuire, A., Bowyer, R., Saperstein, L., and Maier, H., 2005, Distribution and density of moose in relation to landscape characteristics: Effects of scale, in Canadian Journal of Forest Research, v. 35, no. 9, p. 2233-2243, https://doi.org/10.1139/x05-123.","startPage":"2233","endPage":"2243","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210060,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x05-123"},{"id":236865,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0284e4b0c8380cd500a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maier, J.A.K.","contributorId":75651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maier","given":"J.A.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ver Hoef, J. M.","contributorId":81048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ver Hoef","given":"J. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McGuire, A. D.","contributorId":16552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bowyer, R.T.","contributorId":94645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowyer","given":"R.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Saperstein, L.","contributorId":64118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saperstein","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Maier, H.A.","contributorId":12269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maier","given":"H.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70027851,"text":"70027851 - 2005 - Breeding ecology of Spectacled Eiders Somateria fischeri in Northern Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-21T19:50:27","indexId":"70027851","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3764,"text":"Wildfowl","onlineIssn":"2052-6458","printIssn":"0954-6324","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Breeding ecology of Spectacled Eiders Somateria fischeri in Northern Alaska","title":"Breeding ecology of Spectacled Eiders Somateria fischeri in Northern Alaska","docAbstract":"Spectacled Eiders Somateria fischeri were studied on the Colville River delta during 1994-1999, prior to oil field development, to document aspects of breeding biology that are poorly known, especially for northern-nesting populations. Both sexes arrived June 6-12; many males remained for only about 10 days. Density on the 178-km2 study area was 0.48 birds/km 2, comparable to densities reported from extensive surveys in western Alaska and Russia. Wetlands with numerous islands and peninsulas were utilised prior to incubation, a little-studied period. Females spent considerably more time feeding than males (56% vs. 18%). Males travelled, rested and were alert more than females, and actively defended females from intruding males. Whole nest survival was 31% and varied substantially between years, as has been demonstrated in other studies. Brood size showed no detectable decline from hatch about July 10 to mid-August, suggesting low mortality during this period, a sharp contrast with results from a study in a lead-contaminated area of western Alaska in which duckling survival to 30 days post-hatch was 34%. The likelihood of adverse impacts on this threatened species, from oil-related or other activities, can be reduced by industry avoiding areas, throughout the summer, with numerous islands, peninsulas and deep water.