{"pageNumber":"1684","pageRowStart":"42075","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184582,"records":[{"id":70156827,"text":"70156827 - 2012 - Loss and modification of habitat","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T16:19:02","indexId":"70156827","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Loss and modification of habitat","docAbstract":"<p><span>Amphibians live in a wide variety of habitats around the world, many of which have been modified or destroyed by human activities. Most species have unique life history characteristics adapted to specific climates, habitats (e.g., lentic, lotic, terrestrial, arboreal, fossorial, amphibious), and local conditions that provide suitable areas for reproduction, development and growth, shelter from environmental extremes, and predation, as well as connectivity to other populations or habitats. Although some species are entirely aquatic or terrestrial, most amphibians, as their name implies, lead a dual life and require a mosaic of habitats in both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. With over 6 billion people on Earth, most species are now persisting in habitats that have been directly or indirectly influenced by human activities. Some species have disappeared where their habitats have been completely destroyed, reduced, or rendered unsuitable. Habitat loss and degradation are widely considered by most researchers as the most important causes of amphibian population decline globally (Barinaga 1990; Wake and Morowitz 1991; Alford and Richards 1999). In this chapter, a background on the diverse habitat requirements of amphibians is provided, followed by a discussion of the effects of urbanization, agriculture, livestock grazing, timber production and harvesting, fire and hazardous fuel management, and roads on amphibians and their habitats. Also briefly discussed is the influence on amphibian habitats of natural disturbances, such as extreme weather events and climate change, given the potential for human activities to impact climate in the longer term. For amphibians in general, microhabitats are of greater importance than for other vertebrates. As ectotherms with a skin that is permeable to water and with naked gelatinous eggs, amphibians are physiologically constrained to be active during environmental conditions that provide appropriate body temperatures and adequate water balance (Thorson and Svihla 1943; Brattstrom 1963; Tracy 1976). Hence, individuals require and seek specific microhabitats that maintain their preferred body temperature while at the same time reducing water loss or allowing individuals to re-hydrate. Amphibians also possess relatively few physical attributes that protect them from predators. Although they may avoid predators behaviourally or deter them by skin toxins, amphibians lack defensive shells or hardened cuticles, do not have protective teeth or claws, and most are insufficiently fast to escape predators. Hence, they are relatively dependent on sites that conceal or protect them from predation. Most amphibians also differ significantly from other vertebrates in possessing a complex two-phase life cycle: the pre-metamorphic larval (tadpole) stage and the post-metamorphic juvenile and adult stage (Wilbur 1980, 1984). Most amphibian species have two distinct econes (Heatwole 1989), each with different habitat requirements, the larvae being aquatic and the post-metamorphic animals more terrestrial. The habitats required by the two phases can differ greatly, but both are essential to the survival of a species. However, amphibian diversity is great and exceptions to this general pattern exist. For example, some species have direct development without going through a larval stage and are fully terrestrial, whereas the larvae of other species can reach sexual maturity without going through metamorphosis (i.e., neoteny) and are fully aquatic.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Conservation and decline of amphibians: ecological aspects, effect of humans, and management","language":"English","publisher":"Surrey Beatty","usgsCitation":"Lemckert, F., Hecnar, S., and Pilliod, D., 2012, Loss and modification of habitat, chap. <i>of</i> Conservation and decline of amphibians: ecological aspects, effect of humans, and management.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307701,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55e18636e4b05561fa206acb","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Wilkinson, John W.","contributorId":147014,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilkinson","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570726,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Heatwole, Harold","contributorId":147199,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heatwole","given":"Harold","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570727,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Lemckert, Francis","contributorId":147197,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lemckert","given":"Francis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hecnar, Stephen","contributorId":147198,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hecnar","given":"Stephen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pilliod, David S. 0000-0003-4207-3518 dpilliod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4207-3518","contributorId":161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pilliod","given":"David S.","email":"dpilliod@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":570725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70179451,"text":"70179451 - 2012 - Viral hemorrhagic septicemia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-03T11:45:02","indexId":"70179451","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Viral hemorrhagic septicemia","docAbstract":"<p>Viral hemorrhagic septicemia (VHS) is one of the most important viral diseases of finfish worldwide. In the past, VHS was thought to affect mainly rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss reared at freshwater facilities in Western Europe where it was known by various names including Egtved disease and infectious kidney swelling and liver degeneration (Wolf 1988). Today, VHS is known as an important source of mortality for cultured and wild fish in freshwater and marine environments in several regions of the northern hemisphere (Dixon 1999; Gagné et al. 2007; Kim and Faisal 2011; Lumsden et al. 2007; Marty et al. 1998, 2003; Meyers and Winton 1995; Skall et al. 2005b; Smail 1999; Takano et al. 2001). Viral hemorrhagic septicemia is caused by the fish rhabdovirus, viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV), a member of the genus Novirhabdovirus of the family Rhabdoviridae</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","usgsCitation":"Batts, W.N., and Winton, J.R., 2012, Viral hemorrhagic septicemia, 11 p. .","productDescription":"11 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332740,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"586cc698e4b0f5ce109fa959","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Batts, William N. 0000-0002-6469-9004 bbatts@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6469-9004","contributorId":3815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Batts","given":"William","email":"bbatts@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Winton, James R. 0000-0002-3505-5509 jwinton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3505-5509","contributorId":1944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"James","email":"jwinton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":657283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70193346,"text":"70193346 - 2012 - Mauritania – A greenfields exploration opportunity in northwestern Africa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-12T15:54:29","indexId":"70193346","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5539,"text":"Society of Economic Geologists Newsletter","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mauritania – A greenfields exploration opportunity in northwestern Africa","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","usgsCitation":"Taylor, C.D., Anderson, E., Bradley, D.C., Beaudoin, G., Cosca, M.A., Eppinger, R.G., Fernette, G., Finn, C., Friedel, M.J., Giles, S.A., Goldfarb, R.J., Horton, J.D., Lee, G.K., Marsh, E.E., Mauk, J.L., Motts, H.A., Ould El Joud, M.Y., Ould Soueidatt, S., Ould Taleb Mohamed, A., and Rockwell, B.W., 2012, Mauritania – A greenfields exploration opportunity in northwestern Africa: Society of Economic Geologists Newsletter, v. 91, no. 1, p. 14-18.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"14","endPage":"18","ipdsId":"IP-040499","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348292,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"91","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07f145e4b09af898c8cdb1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Taylor, Cliff D. 0000-0001-6376-6298 ctaylor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6376-6298","contributorId":1283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Cliff","email":"ctaylor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, E. D. 0000-0002-0138-6166","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0138-6166","contributorId":104561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"E. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bradley, D. C.","contributorId":17634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Beaudoin, G.","contributorId":48010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beaudoin","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cosca, Michael A. 0000-0002-0600-7663 mcosca@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0600-7663","contributorId":1000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cosca","given":"Michael","email":"mcosca@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Eppinger, Robert G. eppinger@usgs.gov","contributorId":849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eppinger","given":"Robert","email":"eppinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fernette, Gregory L. gfernette@usgs.gov","contributorId":4224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fernette","given":"Gregory L.","email":"gfernette@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":720719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Finn, Carol A. 0000-0002-6178-0405","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6178-0405","contributorId":205010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finn","given":"Carol A.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":720720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Friedel, Michael J. 0000-0002-5060-3999 mfriedel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5060-3999","contributorId":595,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedel","given":"Michael","email":"mfriedel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Giles, Stuart A. 0000-0002-8696-5078 sgiles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8696-5078","contributorId":1233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giles","given":"Stuart","email":"sgiles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Goldfarb, Richard J. goldfarb@usgs.gov","contributorId":1205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldfarb","given":"Richard","email":"goldfarb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":720723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Horton, John D. 0000-0003-2969-9073 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emarsh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5245-9532","contributorId":1250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marsh","given":"Erin","email":"emarsh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Mauk, Jeffrey L. 0000-0002-6244-2774 jmauk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6244-2774","contributorId":4101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mauk","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jmauk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Motts, Holly A.","contributorId":149752,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Motts","given":"Holly","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17814,"text":"USGS GIS compilation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Ould El Joud, M. Y.","contributorId":200032,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ould El Joud","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Ould Soueidatt, S.","contributorId":200033,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ould Soueidatt","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Ould Taleb Mohamed, A.","contributorId":200034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ould Taleb Mohamed","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Rockwell, Barnaby W. 0000-0002-9549-0617 barnabyr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9549-0617","contributorId":2195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rockwell","given":"Barnaby","email":"barnabyr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20}]}}
,{"id":70176142,"text":"70176142 - 2012 - Assessment of two nonnative poeciliid fishes for monitoring selenium exposure in the endangered desert pupfish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-03T13:15:48","indexId":"70176142","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3728,"text":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","onlineIssn":"1573-2932","printIssn":"0049-6979","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessment of two nonnative poeciliid fishes for monitoring selenium exposure in the endangered desert pupfish","docAbstract":"<p><span>We assessed the suitability of two nonnative poeciliid fishes—western mosquitofish (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Gambusia affinis</i><span>) and sailfin mollies (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Poecilia latipinna</i><span>)—for monitoring selenium exposure in desert pupfish (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Cyprinodon macularius</i><span>). Our investigation was prompted by a need to avoid lethal take of an endangered species (pupfish) when sampling fish for chemical analysis. Total selenium (SeTot) concentrations in both poeciliids were highly correlated with SeTot concentrations in pupfish. However, mean SeTot concentrations varied among fish species, with higher concentrations measured in mosquitofish than in mollies and pupfish from one of three sampled agricultural drains. Moreover, regression equations describing the relationship of selenomethionine to SeTot differed between mosquitofish and pupfish, but not between mollies and pupfish. Because selenium accumulates in animals primarily through dietary exposure, we examined fish trophic relationships by measuring stable isotopes (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">δ</i><sup>13</sup><span>C and </span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">δ</i><sup>15</sup><span>N) and gut contents. According to </span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">δ</i><sup>13</sup><span>C measurements, the trophic pathway leading to mosquitofish was more carbon-depleted than trophic pathways leading to mollies and pupfish, suggesting that energy flow to mosquitofish originated from allochthonous sources (terrestrial vegetation, emergent macrophytes, or both), whereas energy flow to mollies and pupfish originated from autochthonous sources (filamentous algae, submerged macrophytes, or both). The </span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">δ</i><sup>15</sup><span>N measurements indicated that mosquitofish and mollies occupied similar trophic levels, whereas pupfish occupied a slightly higher trophic level. Analysis of gut contents showed that mosquitofish consumed mostly winged insects (an indication of terrestrial taxa), whereas mollies and pupfish consumed mostly organic detritus. Judging from our results, only mollies (not mosquitofish) are suitable for monitoring selenium exposure in pupfish.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","doi":"10.1007/s11270-011-0974-7","usgsCitation":"Saiki, M.K., Martin, B.A., May, T.W., and Brumbaugh, W.G., 2012, Assessment of two nonnative poeciliid fishes for monitoring selenium exposure in the endangered desert pupfish: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, v. 223, no. 4, p. 1671-1683, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-011-0974-7.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1671","endPage":"1683","ipdsId":"IP-025710","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328022,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"223","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-10-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57c6ae9de4b0f2f0cebe4101","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saiki, Michael K.","contributorId":54671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saiki","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martin, Barbara A. 0000-0002-9415-6377 barbara_ann_martin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9415-6377","contributorId":2855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Barbara","email":"barbara_ann_martin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":647451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"May, Thomas W. tmay@usgs.gov","contributorId":2598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"Thomas","email":"tmay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":647452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brumbaugh, William G. 0000-0003-0081-375X bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0081-375X","contributorId":493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brumbaugh","given":"William","email":"bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":647453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70175695,"text":"70175695 - 2012 - Ecosystem restoration: Chapter 4","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-18T10:41:04","indexId":"70175695","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Ecosystem restoration: Chapter 4","docAbstract":"<p>The Department of the Interior extensively supports―through its mission, policy, programs, and funding― the study, planning, implementation, and monitoring of ecosystem restoration. This commitment is reflected in the Department's FY2011-2016 Strategic Plan.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Department of Interior's Economic Contributions, FY2011","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Department of the Interior","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Cullinane Thomas, C., Skrabis, K., and Gascoigne, W., 2012, Ecosystem restoration: Chapter 4, 35 p.","productDescription":"35 p.","startPage":"58","endPage":"92","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326800,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":326799,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.doi.gov/sites/doi.gov/files/uploads/2011-Econ-Report-FINAL-07_27_2012.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b6dc51e4b03fd6b7d94c2e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cullinane Thomas, Catherine M. 0000-0001-8168-1271 ccullinanethomas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8168-1271","contributorId":5281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cullinane Thomas","given":"Catherine M.","email":"ccullinanethomas@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":646092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Skrabis, K. E.","contributorId":173817,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Skrabis","given":"K. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gascoigne, William gascoignew@usgs.gov","contributorId":4462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gascoigne","given":"William","email":"gascoignew@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":646094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70159028,"text":"70159028 - 2012 - Outlier reefs are found off the Florida Keys","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-27T16:15:25.747259","indexId":"70159028","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Outlier reefs are found off the Florida Keys","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Tropical connections: South Florida's marine environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"IAN Press","publisherLocation":"Cambridge, Md.","usgsCitation":"Lidz, B.H., 2012, Outlier reefs are found off the Florida Keys, chap. <i>of</i> Tropical connections: South Florida's marine environment, p. 197-198.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"197","endPage":"198","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-022298","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":422969,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ian.umces.edu/publications/tropical-connections-south-floridas-marine-environment/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":309859,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Florida Keys waters","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.255126953125,\n              25.477992320574817\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.61767578124999,\n              25.015928763367857\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.0406494140625,\n              24.856534339310674\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.49658203125,\n              24.826624956562167\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.8316650390625,\n              24.706915241066355\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.9580078125,\n              24.666986385216273\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.9854736328125,\n              24.48214938647425\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.9415283203125,\n              24.402135566630744\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.5185546875,\n              24.48214938647425\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.7989501953125,\n              24.652009767778697\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.386962890625,\n              24.956180020055925\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.068359375,\n              25.339061458818374\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.0738525390625,\n              25.507742380531404\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.17822265625,\n              25.582085278700696\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.255126953125,\n              25.562265014427492\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.277099609375,\n              25.438314122211384\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.255126953125,\n              25.477992320574817\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"561e2b38e4b0cdb063e59ce3","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Kruczynski, William L.","contributorId":148974,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kruczynski","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577310,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fletcher, Pamela J.","contributorId":148975,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fletcher","given":"Pamela","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577311,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Lidz, Barbara H. blidz@usgs.gov","contributorId":2475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lidz","given":"Barbara","email":"blidz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":577309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70193345,"text":"70193345 - 2012 - Nest defense- Grassland bird responses to snakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-15T11:44:31","indexId":"70193345","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3489,"text":"Studies in Avian Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nest defense- Grassland bird responses to snakes","docAbstract":"<p>Predation is the primary source of nest mortality for most passerines; thus, behaviors to reduce the impacts of predation are frequently quantified to study learning, adaptation, and coevolution among predator and prey species. Video surveillance of nests has made it possible to examine real-time parental nest defense. During 1999-2009, we used video camera systems to monitor 518 nests of grassland birds. We reviewed video of 48 visits by snakes to 34 nests; 37 of these visits resulted in predation of active nests. When adult birds encountered snakes at the nest (n = 33 visits), 76% of the encounters resulted in a form of nest defense (nonaggressive or aggressive); in 47% of the encounters, birds physically struck snakes. When defending nests, most birds pecked at the snakes; Eastern Meadowlarks (Sturnella magna) and Bobolinks (Dolichonyx oryzivorus) pecked most frequently in anyone encounter. Also, two Eastern Meadowlarks ran around snakes, frequently with wings spread, and three Bobolinks struck at snakes from the air. Nest defense rarely appeared to alter snake behavior; the contents of seven nests defended aggressively and two nests defended nonaggressively were partially depredated, whereas the contents of six nests defended each way were consumed completely. One fledgling was produced at each of three nests that had been aggressively defended. During aggressive defense, one snake appeared to be driven away and one was wounded. Our findings should be a useful starting point for further research. For example, future researchers may be able to determine whether the behavioral variation we observed in nest defense reflects species differences, anatomic or phylogenetic constraints, or individual differences related to a bird's prior experience. There appears to be much potential for studying nest defense behavior using video recording of both real and simulated encounters.&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkTitle":"Video surveillance of nesting birds: Studies in Avian Biology Vol. 43","language":"English","publisher":"University of California Press","usgsCitation":"Ellison, K.S., and Ribic, C., 2012, Nest defense- Grassland bird responses to snakes: Studies in Avian Biology, v. 43, p. 149-159.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"149","endPage":"159","ipdsId":"IP-018976","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348879,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a6105a0e4b06e28e9c25577","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ellison, Kevin S.","contributorId":35655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellison","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ribic, Christine 0000-0003-2583-1778 caribic@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2583-1778","contributorId":147952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ribic","given":"Christine","email":"caribic@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5068,"text":"Midwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70157250,"text":"70157250 - 2012 - Strategies for wildlife disease surveillance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-20T15:39:17.077802","indexId":"70157250","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Strategies for wildlife disease surveillance","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"New directions in conservation medicine: Applied cases of ecological health","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","publisherLocation":"Oxford; New York","usgsCitation":"Sleeman, J.M., Brand, C.J., and Wright, S.D., 2012, Strategies for wildlife disease surveillance, chap. <i>of</i> New directions in conservation medicine: Applied cases of ecological health, p. 539-551.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"539","endPage":"551","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-019910","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308139,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55f94141e4b05d6c4e5013a4","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Aguirre, A. Alonso","contributorId":76591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aguirre","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"Alonso","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572418,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ostfeld, Richard S.","contributorId":64800,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ostfeld","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572419,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Daszak, Peter","contributorId":96130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daszak","given":"Peter","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572420,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Sleeman, Jonathan M. 0000-0002-9910-6125 jsleeman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9910-6125","contributorId":128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sleeman","given":"Jonathan","email":"jsleeman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":82110,"text":"Midcontinent Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brand, Christopher J. cbrand@usgs.gov","contributorId":1186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brand","given":"Christopher","email":"cbrand@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wright, Scott D.","contributorId":45006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70157249,"text":"70157249 - 2012 - Structural equation modeling and the analysis of long-term monitoring data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-15T17:36:16","indexId":"70157249","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Structural equation modeling and the analysis of long-term monitoring data","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Design and analysis of long-term ecological monitoring studies","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","publisherLocation":"Cambridge; New York","usgsCitation":"Grace, J.B., Keeley, J.E., Johnson, D., and Bollen, K.A., 2012, Structural equation modeling and the analysis of long-term monitoring data, chap. <i>of</i> Design and analysis of long-term ecological monitoring studies, p. 325-360.","productDescription":"36 p.","startPage":"325","endPage":"360","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308138,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55f94141e4b05d6c4e5013a6","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Gitzen, Robert A.","contributorId":75498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gitzen","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572410,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Millspaugh, Joshua J.","contributorId":11141,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Millspaugh","given":"Joshua J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572411,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cooper, Andrew B.","contributorId":112048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooper","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":572412,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Licht, Daniel S.","contributorId":113213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Licht","given":"Daniel S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572413,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Grace, James B. 0000-0001-6374-4726 gracej@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6374-4726","contributorId":884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grace","given":"James","email":"gracej@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keeley, Jon E. 0000-0002-4564-6521 jon_keeley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":1268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon","email":"jon_keeley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Darren J.","contributorId":100291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Darren J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bollen, Kenneth A.","contributorId":93989,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bollen","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70175236,"text":"70175236 - 2012 - Power analysis and trend detection for water quality monitoring data. An application for the Greater Yellowstone Inventory and Monitoring Network","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-31T13:55:37","indexId":"70175236","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":53,"text":"Natural Resource Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"NPS/GRYN/NRR-2012/556","title":"Power analysis and trend detection for water quality monitoring data. An application for the Greater Yellowstone Inventory and Monitoring Network","docAbstract":"<p>An important consideration for long term monitoring programs is determining the required sampling effort to detect trends in specific ecological indicators of interest. To enhance the Greater Yellowstone Inventory and Monitoring Network’s water resources protocol(s) (O’Ney 2006 and O’Ney et al. 2009 [under review]), we developed a set of tools to: (1) determine the statistical power for detecting trends of varying magnitude in a specified water quality parameter over different lengths of sampling (years) and different within-year collection frequencies (monthly or seasonal sampling) at particular locations using historical data, and (2) perform periodic trend analyses for water quality parameters while addressing seasonality and flow weighting. </p><p>A power analysis for trend detection is a statistical procedure used to estimate the probability of rejecting the hypothesis of no trend when in fact there is a trend, within a specific modeling framework. In this report, we base our power estimates on using the seasonal Kendall test (Helsel and Hirsch 2002) for detecting trend in water quality parameters measured at fixed locations over multiple years. We also present procedures (R-scripts) for conducting a periodic trend analysis using the seasonal Kendall test with and without flow adjustment. This report provides the R-scripts developed for power and trend analysis, tutorials, and the associated tables and graphs. The purpose of this report is to provide practical information for monitoring network staff on how to use these statistical tools for water quality monitoring data sets. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Irvine, K.M., Manlove, K., and Hollimon, C., 2012, Power analysis and trend detection for water quality monitoring data. An application for the Greater Yellowstone Inventory and Monitoring Network: Natural Resource Report NPS/GRYN/NRR-2012/556, ix, 65 p.","productDescription":"ix, 65 p.","numberOfPages":"75","ipdsId":"IP-037155","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328141,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":328140,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://irma.nps.gov/DataStore/Reference/Profile/2187418"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57c7ffbde4b0f2f0cebfc323","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Irvine, Kathryn M. 0000-0002-6426-940X kirvine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6426-940X","contributorId":2218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irvine","given":"Kathryn","email":"kirvine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":644467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Manlove, Kezia","contributorId":68204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manlove","given":"Kezia","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Hollimon, Cynthia","contributorId":173384,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hollimon","given":"Cynthia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5120,"text":"Montana State University, Department of Mathematical Sciences, Bozeman, MT 59717","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70193313,"text":"70193313 - 2012 - Seed dispersal and seed fate in Joshua tree (Yucca brevifolia)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-31T15:02:10","indexId":"70193313","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2183,"text":"Journal of Arid Environments","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Seed dispersal and seed fate in Joshua tree (<i>Yucca brevifolia</i>)","title":"Seed dispersal and seed fate in Joshua tree (Yucca brevifolia)","docAbstract":"<p>Joshua tree (<i>Yucca brevifolia</i>) is a charismatic symbol of the Mojave Desert. Despite its familiarity, we know little about the reproduction of this species, including mechanisms of seed dispersal. Here we examine mechanisms of seed dispersal and resulting seed fate. We experimentally tracked fruit and seed removal and followed the fates of Joshua tree seeds using radioactive tracers. The majority of Joshua tree fruits monitored were taken directly from the tree canopy by white-tailed antelope squirrels, and seeds and fruits on the soil surface were quickly removed by animals. Rodents given seeds labeled with scandium-46 cached them between 0.1&nbsp;cm and 4.1&nbsp;cm deep. Seedling emergence was most common for seeds planted 1&nbsp;cm deep, whereas seeds placed on the soil surface seldom germinated. Wind dispersal is unlikely because fruits and seeds lack adaptations for wind dispersal; wind speeds required to move Joshua tree seeds and fruits across the soil surface were higher than those typically found in the Mojave Desert. Further, rodents removed most seeds before abiotic burial was possible. We conclude that most Joshua tree seeds are dispersed by scatter hoarding by rodents, and that caches made by rodents are suitable sites for seedling emergence.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2011.12.012","usgsCitation":"Waitman, B., Vander Wall, S., and Esque, T., 2012, Seed dispersal and seed fate in Joshua tree (Yucca brevifolia): Journal of Arid Environments, v. 81, p. 1-8, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2011.12.012.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"8","ipdsId":"IP-019810","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347910,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert","volume":"81","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f98bbfe4b0531197afa059","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waitman, B.A.","contributorId":70908,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Waitman","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7214,"text":"University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vander Wall, S.B.","contributorId":92475,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vander Wall","given":"S.B.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16686,"text":"University of Nevada, Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Esque, Todd 0000-0002-4166-6234 tesque@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4166-6234","contributorId":195896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esque","given":"Todd","email":"tesque@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70193553,"text":"70193553 - 2012 - Seawater capacitance – a promising proxy for mapping and characterizing drifting hydrocarbon plumes in the deep ocean","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-02T16:49:14","indexId":"70193553","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5537,"text":"Ocean Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seawater capacitance – a promising proxy for mapping and characterizing drifting hydrocarbon plumes in the deep ocean","docAbstract":"<p><span>Hydrocarbons released into the deep ocean are an inevitable consequence of natural seep, seafloor drilling, and leaking wellhead-to-collection-point pipelines. The Macondo 252 (Deepwater Horizon) well blowout of 2010 was even larger than the Ixtoc event in the Gulf of Campeche in 1979. History suggests it will not be the last accidental release, as deepwater drilling expands to meet an ever-growing demand. For those who must respond to this kind of disaster, the first line of action should be to know what is going on. This includes knowing where an oil plume is at any given time, where and how fast it is moving, and how it is evolving or degrading. We have experimented in the laboratory with induced polarization as a method to track hydrocarbons in the seawater column and find that finely dispersed oil in seawater gives rise to a large distributed capacitance. From previous sea trials, we infer this could potentially be used to both map and characterize oil plumes, down to a ratio of less than 0.001 oil-to-seawater, drifting and evolving in the deep ocean. A side benefit demonstrated in some earlier sea trials is that this same approach in modified form can also map certain heavy placer minerals, as well as communication cables, pipelines, and wrecks buried beneath the seafloor.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"EGU","doi":"10.5194/os-8-1099-2012","usgsCitation":"Wynn, J., and Fleming, J., 2012, Seawater capacitance – a promising proxy for mapping and characterizing drifting hydrocarbon plumes in the deep ocean: Ocean Science, v. 8, p. 1099-1104, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-8-1099-2012.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1099","endPage":"1104","ipdsId":"IP-036617","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474631,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/os-8-1099-2012","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":348151,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-12-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59fc2eb1e4b0531197b28028","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wynn, Jeff 0000-0002-8102-3882 jwynn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8102-3882","contributorId":2803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wynn","given":"Jeff","email":"jwynn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fleming, John A.","contributorId":199522,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fleming","given":"John A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70192540,"text":"70192540 - 2012 - Morphometric-based sexual determination of Bananaquits (Coereba flaveola)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-28T12:47:13","indexId":"70192540","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2967,"text":"Ornitologia Neotropical","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Morphometric-based sexual determination of Bananaquits (<i>Coereba flaveola</i>)","title":"Morphometric-based sexual determination of Bananaquits (Coereba flaveola)","docAbstract":"<p>The Bananaquit (Coereba flaveola) is a common passerine throughout the tropics and has been a convenient species for ecological studies. This species has sexually monomorphic plumage and cannot be reliably sexed unless in breeding condition. This is problematic for demographic and comparative studies, which are contingent upon accurately aging and sexing individuals. Although male Bananaquits are larger than females, there is overlap in both wing chord and mass. We used morphometric data collected over eight years to develop a predictive model based on logistic regression to assign adult Bananaquits to sex. Our model classified 96% of validation individuals to the correct sex. We suggest that this approach may enhance ecological studies of the species by facilitating correct sex determination independent of breeding status. We believe our modeling approach is applicable elsewhere but, because there may be geographical variation across the species distribution, models will need to be customized to local populations.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Neotropical Ornithological Society","usgsCitation":"Bibles, B.D., and Boal, C.W., 2012, Morphometric-based sexual determination of Bananaquits (Coereba flaveola): Ornitologia Neotropical, v. 23, p. 507-515.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"507","endPage":"515","ipdsId":"IP-030771","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349456,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":349455,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://sora.unm.edu/node/133335"}],"country":"British Virgin Islands","otherGeospatial":"Guana Island","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -64.58527565002441,\n              18.46235033603078\n            ],\n            [\n              -64.55703735351562,\n              18.46235033603078\n            ],\n            [\n              -64.55703735351562,\n              18.49112747057403\n            ],\n            [\n              -64.58527565002441,\n              18.49112747057403\n            ],\n            [\n              -64.58527565002441,\n              18.46235033603078\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"23","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a6105a0e4b06e28e9c25583","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bibles, Brent D.","contributorId":77720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bibles","given":"Brent","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boal, Clint W. 0000-0001-6008-8911 cboal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6008-8911","contributorId":1909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boal","given":"Clint","email":"cboal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":716154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70189575,"text":"70189575 - 2012 - Identifying fluorescent pulp mill effluent in the Gulf of Maine and its watershed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T17:41:04","indexId":"70189575","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2676,"text":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identifying fluorescent pulp mill effluent in the Gulf of Maine and its watershed","docAbstract":"<p><span>Using fluorescence spectroscopy and parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) we characterized and modeled the fluorescence properties of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in samples from the Penobscot River, Androscoggin River, Penobscot Bay, and the Gulf of Maine (GoM). We analyzed excitation-emission matrices (EEMs) using an existing PARAFAC model (</span>Cory and McKnight, 2005<span>) and created a system-specific model with seven components (GoM PARAFAC). The GoM PARAFAC model contained six components similar to those in other PARAFAC models and one unique component with a spectrum similar to a residual found using the<span>&nbsp;</span></span>Cory and McKnight (2005)<span><span>&nbsp;</span>model. The unique component was abundant in samples from the Androscoggin River immediately downstream of a pulp mill effluent release site. The detection of a PARAFAC component associated with an anthropogenic source of DOM, such as pulp mill effluent, demonstrates the importance for rigorously analyzing PARAFAC residuals and developing system-specific models.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.05.040","usgsCitation":"Cawley, K.M., Butler, K.D., Aiken, G.R., Larsen, L., Huntington, T.G., and McKnight, D.M., 2012, Identifying fluorescent pulp mill effluent in the Gulf of Maine and its watershed: Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 64, no. 8, p. 1678-1687, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.05.040.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1678","endPage":"1687","ipdsId":"IP-036937","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343956,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Maine","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -70.99639892578125,\n              43.30919109985686\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.533203125,\n              43.30919109985686\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.533203125,\n              46.37725420510028\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.99639892578125,\n              46.37725420510028\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.99639892578125,\n              43.30919109985686\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"64","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"596dcca7e4b0d1f9f0627583","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cawley, Kaelin M.","contributorId":194765,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cawley","given":"Kaelin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Butler, Kenna D. kebutler@usgs.gov","contributorId":3283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butler","given":"Kenna","email":"kebutler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":705278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Aiken, George R. 0000-0001-8454-0984 graiken@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8454-0984","contributorId":1322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"George","email":"graiken@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Larsen, Laurel G. lglarsen@usgs.gov","contributorId":1987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larsen","given":"Laurel G.","email":"lglarsen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Huntington, Thomas G. 0000-0002-9427-3530 thunting@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9427-3530","contributorId":1884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huntington","given":"Thomas","email":"thunting@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McKnight, Diane M.","contributorId":59773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKnight","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16833,"text":"INSTAAR, University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":705282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70046353,"text":"70046353 - 2012 - Upper Klamath Basin Landsat Image for August 19, 2006: Path 44 Row 31","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-10T11:48:43","indexId":"70046353","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Upper Klamath Basin Landsat Image for August 19, 2006: Path 44 Row 31","docAbstract":"This image is a mosaic of Landsat-5 images of the upper Klamath Basin. The original images were obtained from the U.S. Geological Survey Earth Resources Observation and Science Center (EROS). EROS is responsible for archive management and distribution of Landsat data products. The Landsat-5 satellite is part of an ongoing mission to provide quality remote sensing data in support of research and applications activities. The launch of Landsat-5 on March 1, 1984 marks the addition of the fifth satellite to the Landsat series. The Landsat-5 satellite carries the Thematic Mapper (TM) sensor. More information on the Landsat program can be found online at http://landsat.usgs.gov/.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70046353","usgsCitation":"Snyder, D.T., 2012, Upper Klamath Basin Landsat Image for August 19, 2006: Path 44 Row 31, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.3133/70046353.","productDescription":"Dataset","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":273511,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273510,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/erosl1t_08202004_p45r30_l5_kl_NAD83.xml"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -123.382600,41.991760 ], [ -123.382600,43.492919 ], [ -120.601579,43.492919 ], [ -120.601579,41.991760 ], [ -123.382600,41.991760 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51b6f56ee4b0097a7158e613","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Snyder, Daniel T. dtsnyder@usgs.gov","contributorId":820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snyder","given":"Daniel","email":"dtsnyder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":479540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70189578,"text":"70189578 - 2012 - Copper(II) binding by dissolved organic matter: Importance of the copper-to-dissolved organic matter ratio and implications for the Biotic Ligand Model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-17T16:51:31","indexId":"70189578","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Copper(II) binding by dissolved organic matter: Importance of the copper-to-dissolved organic matter ratio and implications for the Biotic Ligand Model","docAbstract":"<p><span>The ratio of copper to dissolved organic matter (DOM) is known to affect the strength of copper binding by DOM, but previous methods to determine the Cu</span><sup>2+</sup><span>–DOM binding strength have generally not measured binding constants over the same Cu:DOM ratios. In this study, we used a competitive ligand exchange–solid-phase extraction (CLE-SPE) method to determine conditional stability constants for Cu</span><sup>2+</sup><span>–DOM binding at pH 6.6 and 0.01 M ionic strength over a range of Cu:DOM ratios that bridge the detection windows of copper-ion-selective electrode and voltammetry measurements. As the Cu:DOM ratio increased from 0.0005 to 0.1 mg of Cu/mg of DOM, the measured conditional binding constant (</span><sup>c</sup><i>K</i><sub>CuDOM</sub><span>) decreased from 10</span><sup>11.5</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>to 10</span><sup>5.6</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>M</span><sup>–1</sup><span>. A comparison of the binding constants measured by CLE-SPE with those measured by copper-ion-selective electrode and voltammetry demonstrates that the Cu:DOM ratio is an important factor controlling Cu</span><sup>2+</sup><span>–DOM binding strength even for DOM isolates of different types and different sources and for whole water samples. The results were modeled with Visual MINTEQ and compared to results from the biotic ligand model (BLM). The BLM was found to over-estimate Cu</span><sup>2+</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>at low total copper concentrations and under-estimate Cu</span><sup>2+</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>at high total copper concentrations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es301015p","usgsCitation":"Craven, A.M., Aiken, G.R., and Ryan, J.N., 2012, Copper(II) binding by dissolved organic matter: Importance of the copper-to-dissolved organic matter ratio and implications for the Biotic Ligand Model: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 46, no. 18, p. 9948-9955, https://doi.org/10.1021/es301015p.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"9948","endPage":"9955","ipdsId":"IP-036934","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343959,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"18","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-08-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"596dcca6e4b0d1f9f062757f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Craven, Alison M.","contributorId":194767,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Craven","given":"Alison","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aiken, George R. 0000-0001-8454-0984 graiken@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8454-0984","contributorId":1322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"George","email":"graiken@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ryan, Joseph N.","contributorId":54290,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ryan","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":604,"text":"University of Colorado- Boulder","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":705292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70187516,"text":"70187516 - 2012 - Nutrient and algal responses to winterkilled fish-derived nutrient subsidies in eutrophic lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-08T11:12:12","indexId":"70187516","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2592,"text":"Lake and Reservoir Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nutrient and algal responses to winterkilled fish-derived nutrient subsidies in eutrophic lakes","docAbstract":"<p><span>Fishes inhabiting shallow, glacial lakes of the Prairie Pothole Region in the United States and Canada periodically experience hypoxia in severe winters that can lead to extensive fish mortality resulting in high biomasses of dead fish. However, the role of carcass-derived nutrient subsidies in shallow, eutrophic lakes translocated to pelagic primary producers is not well documented. This study quantified the influence of winterkill events on nutrient contributions from decaying fish carcasses of common carp (</span><i>Cyprinus carpio</i><span>) and the phytoplankton response among pre- and postwinterkill years and compared seasonal patterns of nutrient limitation and phytoplankton community composition between winterkill and nonwinterkill lakes. We found that fish carcasses contributed an estimated 2.5–4.3&nbsp;kg/ha of total (Kjeldahl) nitrogen (N) and 0.3–0.5&nbsp;kg/ha of total phosphorus (P) to lakes that experienced winterkill conditions. Nutrient bioassays showed that winterkill lakes were primarily N limited, congruent with the low N:P ratios produced by fish carcasses corrected for the disproportionate release of N and P (8.6). Nutrient subsidies translocated from decomposed fish to pelagic primary producers seemed to have little immediate influence on the seasonal phytoplankton community composition, but total N and subsequent chlorophyll-</span><i>a</i><span> increased the year following the winterkill event. Cyanobacteria density varied seasonally but was higher in winterkill lakes, presumably due to the integration of nutrients released from fish decomposition. This study provides evidence that large inputs of autochthonous fish-derived nutrients contribute to nutrient availability within winterkilled systems and increase the maximum attainable biomass of the phytoplankton community.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/07438141.2012.693574","usgsCitation":"Schoenebeck, C.W., Brown, M., Chipps, S.R., and German, D., 2012, Nutrient and algal responses to winterkilled fish-derived nutrient subsidies in eutrophic lakes: Lake and Reservoir Management, v. 28, no. 3, p. 189-199, https://doi.org/10.1080/07438141.2012.693574.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"189","endPage":"199","ipdsId":"IP-034022","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340910,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"591183b8e4b0e541a03c1a86","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schoenebeck, Casey W.","contributorId":94201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoenebeck","given":"Casey","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, Michael L.","contributorId":171903,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Michael L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chipps, Steven R. 0000-0001-6511-7582 steve_chipps@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6511-7582","contributorId":2243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chipps","given":"Steven","email":"steve_chipps@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"German, David","contributorId":191790,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"German","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70157500,"text":"70157500 - 2012 - Recent changes in successional state of the deep-water fish communities of Lakes Michigan, Huron, and Ontario and management implications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-03T14:27:09.566261","indexId":"70157500","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Recent changes in successional state of the deep-water fish communities of Lakes Michigan, Huron, and Ontario and management implications","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Great Lakes fisheries policy and management: A binational perspective","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Michigan State University Press","publisherLocation":"East Lansing, MI","usgsCitation":"Eshenroder, R., and Lantry, B.F., 2012, Recent 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,{"id":70185340,"text":"70185340 - 2012 - Factors associated with the severity of interacting fires in Yosemite National Park","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-21T13:02:01","indexId":"70185340","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1636,"text":"Fire Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Factors associated with the severity of interacting fires in Yosemite National Park","docAbstract":"In 1972, Yosemite National Park established a wilderness fire zone in which lightning fires were allowed to run their courses under prescribed conditions.  This zone was expanded in 1973 to include the 16 209 ha Illilouette Creek basin, just to the southeast of Yosemite Valley.  From 1973 through 2011, there have been 157 fires in the basin.  Fire severity data were collected on all 28 of those fires that were larger than 40 ha.  The proportion burned in each fire severity class was not significantly associated with fire return interval departure class.  When areas were reburned, the proportion of unchanged severity fire decreased while the proportion of high severity fire increased.  The proportion of fire severity of the subsequent fires was associated with the number of years since last burned, the burning index, and the severity of the previous fires.  The main effects were significant for unchanged severity and low severity, and the interaction between return interval class and burning index class was significant for high severity.  Most vegetation types remained the same when burned with unchanged, low, or moderate severity, while high severity often resulted in conversion to montane chaparral.  The factors that were associated with reburn severity worked in combination with each factor influencing some aspect of severity. Managers and scientists can use this information to better understand the role fire plays in these ecosystems and how to best manage this dynamic ecological process.","language":"English","publisher":"Association for Fire Ecology","doi":"10.4996/fireecology.0801011","collaboration":"NPS","usgsCitation":"van Wagtendonk, J., van Wagtendonk, K.A., and Thode, A.E., 2012, Factors associated with the severity of interacting fires in Yosemite National Park: Fire Ecology, v. 8, no. 1, p. 11-31, https://doi.org/10.4996/fireecology.0801011.","productDescription":"21 p. 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,{"id":70157428,"text":"70157428 - 2012 - Natural disturbances to mangroves","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-22T12:00:07.8414","indexId":"70157428","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Natural disturbances to mangroves","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"South Florida Marine Environments: An ecological synthesis","language":"English","publisher":"IAN Press","publisherLocation":"Cambridge, MD","usgsCitation":"Smith, T.J., and Whelan, K., 2012, Natural disturbances to mangroves, chap. <i>of</i> South Florida Marine Environments: An ecological synthesis, p. 319-321.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"319","endPage":"321","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-013304","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308415,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56027bdbe4b03bc34f544866","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Kruczynski, W.","contributorId":147896,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kruczynski","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573146,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fletcher, P.","contributorId":147897,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fletcher","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573147,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Thomas J. III tom_j_smith@usgs.gov","contributorId":1615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Thomas","suffix":"III","email":"tom_j_smith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":573144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whelan, K.R.T.","contributorId":11311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whelan","given":"K.R.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70157987,"text":"70157987 - 2012 - Digital elevation models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-25T16:28:39","indexId":"70157987","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Digital elevation models","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Manual of airborne topographic lidar","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Photogrammetry Remote Sensing","usgsCitation":"Heidemann, K., 2012, Digital elevation models, chap. <i>of</i> Manual of airborne topographic lidar, p. 283-310.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"283","endPage":"310","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-037864","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308959,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"560bb67de4b058f706e53bbf","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Renslow, Michael S.","contributorId":147278,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Renslow","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":574633,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Heidemann, Karl 0000-0003-4306-359X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4306-359X","contributorId":148351,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heidemann","given":"Karl","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":574632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70158631,"text":"70158631 - 2012 - Metadata requirements and templates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-25T16:28:22","indexId":"70158631","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Metadata requirements and templates","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Manual of airborne topographic lidar","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Photogrammetry Remote Sensing","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MD.","usgsCitation":"Heidemann, K., 2012, Metadata requirements and templates, chap. <i>of</i> Manual of airborne topographic lidar, p. 247-250.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"247","endPage":"250","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-038165","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309476,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"563495ede4b048076347fe84","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Renslow, Michael S.","contributorId":147278,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Renslow","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":576371,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Heidemann, Karl 0000-0003-4306-359X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4306-359X","contributorId":148351,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heidemann","given":"Karl","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":576370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70157577,"text":"70157577 - 2012 - Panarchy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-28T16:13:29","indexId":"70157577","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Panarchy","docAbstract":"<p><span>Panarchy is the term coined to describe hierarchical systems where control is not only top down, as typically considered, but also bottom up. A panarchy is composed of adaptive cycles, and an adaptive cycle describes the processes of development and decay in a system. Complex systems self-organize into hierarchies because this structure limits the possible spread of destructive phenomena (e.g., forest fires, epidemics) that could result in catastrophic system failure. Thus, hierarchical organization enhances the resilience of complex systems.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Encyclopedia of environmetrics","language":"English","publisher":"John Wiley & Sons, Ltd","publisherLocation":"Chichester, U.K","doi":"10.1002/9780470057339.vnn160","usgsCitation":"Garmestani, A.S., and Allen, C.R., 2012, Panarchy, chap. <i>of</i> Encyclopedia of environmetrics, v. 4, https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470057339.vnn160.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308678,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","edition":"2nd","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-01-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"560a64dae4b058f706e536e0","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"El-Shaarawi, Abdel H.","contributorId":114059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"El-Shaarawi","given":"Abdel","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573697,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Piegorsch, Walter W.","contributorId":112670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piegorsch","given":"Walter","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573698,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Garmestani, Ahjond S.","contributorId":77285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garmestani","given":"Ahjond","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, Craig R. 0000-0001-8655-8272 allencr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8655-8272","contributorId":1979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"allencr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70157339,"text":"70157339 - 2012 - Conducting fisheries investigations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-29T16:26:18.995878","indexId":"70157339","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Conducting fisheries investigations","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fisheries techniques","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, Md.","usgsCitation":"Zale, A.V., Parrish, D., and Sutton, T.M., 2012, Conducting fisheries investigations, chap. <i>of</i> Fisheries techniques, p. 1-13.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-041181","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308301,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55fd35aee4b05d6c4e502c5e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zale, Alexander V. 0000-0003-1703-885X zale@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1703-885X","contributorId":3010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zale","given":"Alexander","email":"zale@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Parrish, Donna L. dparrish@usgs.gov","contributorId":3559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parrish","given":"Donna L.","email":"dparrish@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":611,"text":"Vermont Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":572748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sutton, Trent M.","contributorId":77893,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sutton","given":"Trent","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70157254,"text":"70157254 - 2012 - Simulating future uncertainty to guide the selection of survey designs for long-term monitoring","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-27T16:12:26.221574","indexId":"70157254","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Simulating future uncertainty to guide the selection of survey designs for long-term monitoring","docAbstract":"<p><span>A goal of environmental monitoring is to provide sound information on the status and trends of natural resources (Messer et al. 1991, Theobald et al. 2007, Fancy et al. 2009). When monitoring observations are acquired by measuring a subset of the population of interest, probability sampling as part of a well-constructed survey design provides the most reliable and legally defensible approach to achieve this goal (Cochran 1977, Olsen et al. 1999, Schreuder et al. 2004; see Chapters 2, 5, 6, 7). Previous works have described the fundamentals of sample surveys (e.g. Hansen et al. 1953, Kish 1965). Interest in survey designs and monitoring over the past 15 years has led to extensive evaluations and new developments of sample selection methods (Stevens and Olsen 2004), of strategies for allocating sample units in space and time (Urquhart et al. 1993, Overton and Stehman 1996, Urquhart and Kincaid 1999), and of estimation (Lesser and Overton 1994, Overton and Stehman 1995) and variance properties (Larsen et al. 1995, Stevens and Olsen 2003) of survey designs. Carefully planned, &ldquo;scientific&rdquo; (Chapter 5) survey designs have become a standard in contemporary monitoring of natural resources. Based on our experience with the long-term monitoring program of the US National Park Service (NPS; Fancy et al. 2009; Chapters 16, 22), operational survey designs tend to be selected using the following procedures. For a monitoring indicator (i.e. variable or response), a minimum detectable trend requirement is specified, based on the minimum level of change that would result in meaningful change (e.g. degradation). A probability of detecting this trend (statistical power) and an acceptable level of uncertainty (Type I error; see Chapter 2) within a specified time frame (e.g. 10 years) are specified to ensure timely detection. 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