{"pageNumber":"1689","pageRowStart":"42200","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184606,"records":[{"id":70044967,"text":"70044967 - 2012 - Ore genesis constraints on the Idaho Cobalt Belt from fluid inclusion gas, noble gas isotope, and ion ratio analyses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-10T15:05:07","indexId":"70044967","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ore genesis constraints on the Idaho Cobalt Belt from fluid inclusion gas, noble gas isotope, and ion ratio analyses","docAbstract":"<p>The Idaho cobalt belt is a 60-km-long alignment of deposits composed of cobaltite, Co pyrite, chalcopyrite, and gold with anomalous Nb, Y, Be, and rare-earth elements (REEs) in a quartz-biotite-tourmaline gangue hosted in Mesoproterozoic metasedimentary rocks of the Lemhi Group. It is the largest cobalt resource in the United States with historic production from the Blackbird Mine. All of the deposits were deformed and metamorphosed to upper greenschist-lower amphibolite grade in the Cretaceous. They occur near a 1377 Ma anorogenic bimodal plutonic complex. The enhanced solubility of Fe, Co, Cu, and Au as chloride complexes together with gangue biotite rich in Fe and Cl and gangue quartz containing hypersaline inclusions allows that hot saline fluids were involved. The isotopes of B in gangue tourmaline are suggestive of a marine source, whereas those of Pb in ore suggest a U ± Th-enriched source.</p><p>The ore and gangue minerals in this belt may have trapped components in fluid inclusions that are distinct from those in post-ore minerals and metamorphic minerals. Such components can potentially be identified and distinguished by their relative abundances in contrasting samples. Therefore, we obtained samples of Co and Cu sulfides, gangue quartz, biotite, and tourmaline and post-ore quartz veins as well as Cretaceous metamorphic garnet and determined the gas, noble gas isotope, and ion ratios of fluid inclusion extracts by mass spectrometry and ion chromatography.</p><p>The most abundant gases present in extracts from each sample type are biased toward the gas-rich population of inclusions trapped during maximum burial and metamorphism. All have CO<sub>2</sub>/CH<sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>and N<sub>2</sub>/Ar ratios of evolved crustal fluids, and many yield a range of H<sub>2</sub>-CH<sub>4</sub>-CO<sub>2</sub>-H<sub>2</sub>S equilibration temperatures consistent with the metamorphic grade. Cretaceous garnet and post-ore minerals have high R<sub>H</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>and R<sub>S</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>values suggestive of reduced sulfidic conditions. Most extracts have anomalous<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>4</sup>He produced by decay of U and Th and<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>38</sup>Ar produced by nucleogenic production from<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>41</sup>K. In contrast, some ore and gangue minerals yield significant SO<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>and have low R<sub>H</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>and R<sub>S</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>values of a more oxidized fluid. Three extracts from gangue quartz have high helium R/R<sub>A</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>values indicative of a mantle source and neon isotope compositions that require nucleogenic production of<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>22</sup>Ne in fluorite from U ± Th decay. Two extracts from gangue quartz have estimated<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>40</sup>K/<sup>40</sup>Ar that permit a Precambrian age.</p><p>Extracts from gangue quartz in three different ore zones are biased toward the hypersaline population of inclusions and have a tight range of ion ratios (Na, K, NH<sub>4</sub>, Cl, Br, F) suggestive of a single fluid. Their Na, Cl, Br ratios suggest this fluid was a mixture of magmatic and basinal brine. Na-K-Ca temperatures (279°–347°C) are similar to homogenization temperatures of hypersaline inclusions. The high K/Na of the brine may be due to albitization of K silicate minerals in country rocks. Influx of K-rich brines is consistent with the K metasomatism necessary to form gangue biotite with high Cl. An extract from a post-ore quartz vein is distinct and has Na, Cl, Br ratios that resemble metamorphic fluids in Cretaceous silver veins of the Coeur d’Alene district in the Belt Basin.</p><p>The results show that in some samples, for certain components, it is possible to “see through” the Cretaceous metamorphic overprint. Of great import for genetic models, the volatiles trapped in gangue quartz have<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>3</sup>He derived from a mantle source and<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>22</sup>Ne derived from fluorite, both of which may be attributed to nearby ~1377 Ma basalt-rhyolite magmatism. The brine trapped in gangue quartz is a mixture of magmatic fluid and evaporated seawater. The former requires a granitic intrusion that is present in the bimodal intrusive complex, and the latter equatorial paleolatitudes that existed in the Mesoproterozoic. The results permit genetic models involving heat and fluids from the neighboring bimodal plutonic complex and convection of basinal brine in the Lemhi Group. While the inferred fluid sources in the Idaho cobalt belt are similar in many respects to those in iron oxide copper-gold deposits, the fluids were more reduced such that iron was fixed in biotite and tourmaline instead of iron oxides.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","publisherLocation":"Littleton, CO","doi":"10.2113/econgeo.107.6.1189","usgsCitation":"Hofstra, A.H., and Landis, G.P., 2012, Ore genesis constraints on the Idaho Cobalt Belt from fluid inclusion gas, noble gas isotope, and ion ratio analyses: Economic Geology, v. 107, no. 6, p. 1189-1205, https://doi.org/10.2113/econgeo.107.6.1189.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1189","endPage":"1205","numberOfPages":"17","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-033500","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270441,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.508438,44.9784 ], [ -114.508438,45.124413 ], [ -114.077911,45.124413 ], [ -114.077911,44.9784 ], [ -114.508438,44.9784 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"107","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"515bfdf7e4b075500ee5ca7f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hofstra, Albert H. 0000-0002-2450-1593 ahofstra@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2450-1593","contributorId":1302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hofstra","given":"Albert","email":"ahofstra@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":476533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Landis, Gary P.","contributorId":72405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landis","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70046353,"text":"70046353 - 2012 - Upper Klamath Basin Landsat Image for August 19, 2006: Path 44 Row 31","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-10T11:48:43","indexId":"70046353","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Upper Klamath Basin Landsat Image for August 19, 2006: Path 44 Row 31","docAbstract":"This image is a mosaic of Landsat-5 images of the upper Klamath Basin. The original images were obtained from the U.S. Geological Survey Earth Resources Observation and Science Center (EROS). EROS is responsible for archive management and distribution of Landsat data products. The Landsat-5 satellite is part of an ongoing mission to provide quality remote sensing data in support of research and applications activities. The launch of Landsat-5 on March 1, 1984 marks the addition of the fifth satellite to the Landsat series. The Landsat-5 satellite carries the Thematic Mapper (TM) sensor. More information on the Landsat program can be found online at http://landsat.usgs.gov/.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70046353","usgsCitation":"Snyder, D.T., 2012, Upper Klamath Basin Landsat Image for August 19, 2006: Path 44 Row 31, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.3133/70046353.","productDescription":"Dataset","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":273511,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273510,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/erosl1t_08202004_p45r30_l5_kl_NAD83.xml"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -123.382600,41.991760 ], [ -123.382600,43.492919 ], [ -120.601579,43.492919 ], [ -120.601579,41.991760 ], [ -123.382600,41.991760 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51b6f56ee4b0097a7158e613","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Snyder, Daniel T. dtsnyder@usgs.gov","contributorId":820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snyder","given":"Daniel","email":"dtsnyder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":479540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70194794,"text":"70194794 - 2012 - Progress report geologic map of the Grouse Creek 30' x 60' quadrangle, and Utah part of the Jackpot 30' x 60' quadrangle, Box Elder County, Utah, and Cassia County, Idaho (Year 3 of 4);","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-18T11:02:58","indexId":"70194794","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5585,"text":"Utah Geological Survey Open-File Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"598","title":"Progress report geologic map of the Grouse Creek 30' x 60' quadrangle, and Utah part of the Jackpot 30' x 60' quadrangle, Box Elder County, Utah, and Cassia County, Idaho (Year 3 of 4);","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Utah Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Miller, D., Clark, D.L., Wells, M.L., Oviatt, C.G., Felger, T.J., and Todd, V.R., 2012, Progress report geologic map of the Grouse Creek 30' x 60' quadrangle, and Utah part of the Jackpot 30' x 60' quadrangle, Box Elder County, Utah, and Cassia County, Idaho (Year 3 of 4);: Utah Geological Survey Open-File Report 598, 25 p.","productDescription":"25 p.","ipdsId":"IP-039232","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350065,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":350049,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://files.geology.utah.gov/online/ofr/ofr-598/ofr-598txt.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Utah","county":"Box Elder County, Cassia County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -114,\n              41.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -113,\n              41.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -113,\n              42\n            ],\n            [\n              -114,\n              42\n            ],\n            [\n              -114,\n              41.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a61059fe4b06e28e9c2556f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, David M. 0000-0003-3711-0441 dmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3711-0441","contributorId":140769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"David M.","email":"dmiller@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":725182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clark, Donald L.","contributorId":201394,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clark","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wells, Michael L.","contributorId":194318,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wells","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Oviatt, Charles G.","contributorId":36580,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oviatt","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Felger, Tracey J. 0000-0003-0841-4235 tfelger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0841-4235","contributorId":1117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Felger","given":"Tracey","email":"tfelger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":725183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Todd, Victoria R.","contributorId":201395,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Todd","given":"Victoria","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70189082,"text":"70189082 - 2012 - Climate-change-driven deterioration of water quality in a mineralized watershed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T17:41:14","indexId":"70189082","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate-change-driven deterioration of water quality in a mineralized watershed","docAbstract":"<p><span>A unique 30-year streamwater chemistry data set from a mineralized alpine watershed with naturally acidic, metal-rich water displays dissolved concentrations of Zn and other metals of ecological concern increasing by 100–400% (400–2000 μg/L) during low-flow months, when metal concentrations are highest. SO</span><sub>4</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>and other major ions show similar increases. A lack of natural or anthropogenic land disturbances in the watershed during the study period suggests that climate change is the underlying cause. Local mean annual and mean summer air temperatures have increased at a rate of 0.2–1.2 °C/decade since the 1980s. Other climatic and hydrologic indices, including stream discharge during low-flow months, do not display statistically significant trends. Consideration of potential specific causal mechanisms driven by rising temperatures suggests that melting of permafrost and falling water tables (from decreased recharge) are probable explanations for the increasing concentrations. The prospect of future widespread increases in dissolved solutes from mineralized watersheds is concerning given likely negative impacts on downstream ecosystems and water resources, and complications created for the establishment of attainable remediation objectives at mine sites.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACU Publications","doi":"10.1021/es3020056","usgsCitation":"Todd, A., Manning, A.H., Verplanck, P.L., Crouch, C., McKnight, D.M., and Dunham, R., 2012, Climate-change-driven deterioration of water quality in a mineralized watershed: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 46, no. 17, p. 9324-9332, https://doi.org/10.1021/es3020056.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"9324","endPage":"9332","ipdsId":"IP-039673","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343188,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"17","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-08-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595611c7e4b0d1f9f05067e0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Todd, Andrew atodd@usgs.gov","contributorId":149790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Todd","given":"Andrew","email":"atodd@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Manning, Andrew H. 0000-0002-6404-1237 amanning@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6404-1237","contributorId":1305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manning","given":"Andrew","email":"amanning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Verplanck, Philip L. 0000-0002-3653-6419 plv@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3653-6419","contributorId":728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verplanck","given":"Philip","email":"plv@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Crouch, Caitlin","contributorId":194025,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crouch","given":"Caitlin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McKnight, Diane M.","contributorId":59773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKnight","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16833,"text":"INSTAAR, University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":702944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dunham, Ryan","contributorId":194026,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dunham","given":"Ryan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70188362,"text":"70188362 - 2012 - Stress imparted by the great 2004 Sumatra earthquake shut down transforms and activated rifts up to 400 km away in the Andaman Sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-07T11:39:20","indexId":"70188362","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3165,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stress imparted by the great 2004 Sumatra earthquake shut down transforms and activated rifts up to 400 km away in the Andaman Sea","docAbstract":"<p><span>The origin and prevalence of triggered seismicity and remote aftershocks are under debate. As a result, they have been excluded from probabilistic seismic hazard assessment and aftershock hazard notices. The 2004 </span><i>M</i><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;9.2 Sumatra earthquake altered seismicity in the Andaman backarc rift-transform system. Here we show that over a 300-km-long largely transform section of the backarc, </span><i>M</i><span>≥4.5 earthquakes stopped for five years, and over a 750-km-long backarc section, the rate of transform events dropped by two-thirds, while the rate of rift events increased eightfold. We compute the propagating dynamic stress wavefield and find the peak dynamic Coulomb stress is similar on the rifts and transforms. Long-period dynamic stress amplitudes, which are thought to promote dynamic failure, are higher on the transforms than on the rifts, opposite to the observations. In contrast to the dynamic stress, we calculate that the mainshock brought the transform segments approximately 0.2&nbsp;bar (0.02&nbsp;MPa) farther from static Coulomb failure and the rift segments approximately 0.2&nbsp;bar closer to static failure, consistent with the seismic observations. This accord means that changes in seismicity rate are sufficiently predictable to be included in post-mainshock hazard evaluations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"PNAS","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1208799109","usgsCitation":"Sevilgen, V., Stein, R.S., and Pollitz, F., 2012, Stress imparted by the great 2004 Sumatra earthquake shut down transforms and activated rifts up to 400 km away in the Andaman Sea: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, v. 109, no. 38, p. 15152-15156, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1208799109.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"15152","endPage":"15156","ipdsId":"IP-040389","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474856,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1208799109","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":342222,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"109","issue":"38","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"593910b6e4b0764e6c5e8907","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sevilgen, Volkan vsevilgen@usgs.gov","contributorId":3254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sevilgen","given":"Volkan","email":"vsevilgen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":697404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stein, Ross S. 0000-0001-7586-3933 rstein@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7586-3933","contributorId":2604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stein","given":"Ross","email":"rstein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pollitz, Fred F. fpollitz@usgs.gov","contributorId":2408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pollitz","given":"Fred F.","email":"fpollitz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":697440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70186908,"text":"70186908 - 2012 - Geomorphic determinants of species composition of alpine tundra, Glacier National Park, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-02T14:13:25.975559","indexId":"70186908","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":899,"text":"Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geomorphic determinants of species composition of alpine tundra, Glacier National Park, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"<p><span>Because the distribution of alpine tundra is associated with spatially limited cold climates, global warming may threaten its local extent or existence. This notion has been challenged, however, based on observations of the diversity of alpine tundra in small areas primarily due to topographic variation. The importance of diversity in temperature or moisture conditions caused by topographic variation is an open question, and we extend this to geomorphology more generally. The extent to which geomorphic variation </span><i>per se</i><span>, based on relatively easily assessed indicators, can account for the variation in alpine tundra community composition is analyzed versus the inclusion of broad indicators of regional climate variation. Visual assessments of topography are quantified and reduced using principal components analysis (PCA). Observations of species cover are reduced using detrended correspondence analysis (DCA). A “best subsets” regression approach using the Akaike Information Criterion for selection of variables is compared to a simple stepwise regression with DCA scores as the dependent variable and scores on significant PCA axes plus more direct measures of topography as independent variables. Models with geographic coordinates (representing regional climate gradients) excluded explain almost as much variation in community composition as models with them included, although they are important contributors to the latter. The geomorphic variables in the model are those associated with local moisture differences such as snowbeds. The potential local variability of alpine tundra can be a buffer against climate change, but change in precipitation may be as important as change in temperature.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Institute of Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","doi":"10.1657/1938-4246-44.2.197","usgsCitation":"George P. Malanson, Bengtson, L.E., and Fagre, D.B., 2012, Geomorphic determinants of species composition of alpine tundra, Glacier National Park, U.S.A.: Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, v. 44, no. 2, p. 197-209, https://doi.org/10.1657/1938-4246-44.2.197.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"197","endPage":"209","ipdsId":"IP-033599","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474643,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1657/1938-4246-44.2.197","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":339710,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Glacier National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": 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Malanson","contributorId":127023,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"George P. Malanson","affiliations":[{"id":6768,"text":"University of Iowa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":690969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bengtson, Lindsey E.","contributorId":28497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bengtson","given":"Lindsey","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fagre, Daniel B. 0000-0001-8552-9461 dan_fagre@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8552-9461","contributorId":2036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fagre","given":"Daniel","email":"dan_fagre@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":690970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70188363,"text":"70188363 - 2012 - ViscoSim Earthquake Simulator","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-07T11:43:45","indexId":"70188363","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"ViscoSim Earthquake Simulator","docAbstract":"<p><span>Synthetic seismicity simulations have been explored by the Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC) Earthquake Simulators Group in order to guide long‐term forecasting efforts related to the Unified California Earthquake Rupture Forecast (</span><span class=\"xref-bibr\">Tullis <i>et&nbsp;al.</i>, 2012a</span><span>). In this study I describe the viscoelastic earthquake simulator (ViscoSim) of </span><span class=\"xref-bibr\">Pollitz, 2009</span><span>. Recapitulating to a large extent material previously presented by </span><span class=\"xref-bibr\">Pollitz (2009</span><span>, </span><span class=\"xref-bibr\">2011</span><span>) I describe its implementation of synthetic ruptures and how it differs from other simulators being used by the group.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0220120050","usgsCitation":"Pollitz, F., 2012, ViscoSim Earthquake Simulator: Seismological Research Letters, v. 83, no. 6, p. 979-982, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220120050.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"979","endPage":"982","ipdsId":"IP-039430","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342224,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"83","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-11-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"593910b6e4b0764e6c5e8905","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pollitz, Frederick 0000-0002-4060-2706 fpollitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4060-2706","contributorId":139578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pollitz","given":"Frederick","email":"fpollitz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70174147,"text":"70174147 - 2012 - Hermit Thrush (<i>Catharus guttatus</i>)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-19T14:28:59","indexId":"70174147","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5033,"text":"The Birds of North America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hermit Thrush (<i>Catharus guttatus</i>)","docAbstract":"<p>With spotted breast and reddish tail, the Hermit Thrush lives up to its name. Although celebrated for its ethereal song, it is mostly a quiet and unobtrusive bird that spends much of its time in the lower branches of the undergrowth or on the forest floor, often seen flicking its wings while perched and quickly raising and slowly lowering its tail. A highly variable species in color and size, the Hermit Thrush's morphological characteristics and plumage have been well studied, with 12-13 subspecies now recognized (see Systematics).</p><p>This thrush is one of the most widely distributed forest-nesting migratory birds in North America and the only forest thrush whose population has increased or remained stable over the past 20 years. Its extensive breeding range includes the northern hardwood forest, as well as most of the boreal and mountainous coniferous forest areas north of Mexico, with relatively recent expansions into New England and the southern Appalachians. In migration, the species moves to lower elevations and southward, spreading out to winter over much of the southern United States, through Mexico to Guatemala and east to Bermuda. It is the only species of <i class=\"SciName\">Catharus</i> that winters in North America, switching from a breeding diet of mainly arthropods to a wintering diet heavily supplemented with fruits.</p><p>Much has been learned about this widely distributed species since the original Birds of North America account of 1996. New information pertaining to its song, migratory behavior, winter territoriality, survival, and diet has been added, as well as many new insights into the potential effects of forest management and other human disturbances. Still lacking are detailed nesting studies, studies of juvenile dispersal, of daily activities and time budgets, and of migratory routes.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Cornell University","doi":"10.2173/bna.261","usgsCitation":"Wood, P., and Donovan, T., 2012, Hermit Thrush (<i>Catharus guttatus</i>): The Birds of North America, https://doi.org/10.2173/bna.261.","ipdsId":"IP-031968","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339984,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58f877c3e4b0b7ea54521c42","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, Petra pbwood@usgs.gov","contributorId":169812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Petra","email":"pbwood@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34541,"text":"West Virginia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":640994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Donovan, Therese M. tdonovan@usgs.gov","contributorId":2653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donovan","given":"Therese M.","email":"tdonovan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":692207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70169878,"text":"70169878 - 2012 - Time lapse photography as an approach to understanding glide avalanche activity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-25T10:44:45","indexId":"70169878","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Time lapse photography as an approach to understanding glide avalanche activity","docAbstract":"<p><span>Avalanches resulting from glide cracks are notoriously difficult to forecast, but are a recurring problem for numerous avalanche forecasting programs. In some cases glide cracks are observed to open and then melt away in situ. In other cases, they open and then fail catastrophically as large, full-depth avalanches. Our understanding and management of these phenomena are currently limited. It is thought that an increase in the rate of snow gliding occurs prior to full-depth avalanche activity so frequent observation of glide crack movement can provide an index of instability. During spring 2011 in Glacier National Park, Montana, USA, we began an approach to track glide crack avalanche activity using a time-lapse camera focused on a southwest facing glide crack. This crack melted in-situ without failing as a glide avalanche, while other nearby glide cracks on north through southeast aspects failed. In spring 2012, a camera was aimed at a large and productive glide crack adjacent to the Going to the Sun Road. We captured three unique glide events in the field of view. Unfortunately, all of them either failed very quickly, or during periods of obscured view, so measurements of glide rate could not be obtained. However, we compared the hourly meteorological variables during the period of glide activity to the same variables prior to glide activity. The variables air temperature, relative humidity, air pressure, incoming and reflected long wave radiation, SWE, total precipitation, and snow depth were found to be statistically different for our cases examined. We propose that these are some of the potential precursors for glide avalanche activity, but do urge caution in their use, due to the simple approach and small data set size. It is hoped that by introducing a workable method to easily record glide crack movement, combined with ongoing analysis of the associated meteorological data, we will improve our understanding of when, or if, glide avalanche activity will ensue.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings, 2012 International Snow Science Workshop","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"2012 International Snow Science Workshop","conferenceDate":"September 16-21, 2012","conferenceLocation":"Anchorage, AK","language":"English","publisher":"International Snow Science Workshop","usgsCitation":"Hendrikx, J., Peitzsch, E.H., and Fagre, D.B., 2012, Time lapse photography as an approach to understanding glide avalanche activity, <i>in</i> Proceedings, 2012 International Snow Science Workshop, Anchorage, AK, September 16-21, 2012, p. 872-877.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"872","endPage":"877","ipdsId":"IP-039714","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340112,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":340111,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://arc.lib.montana.edu/snow-science/item/1662"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Glacier National Park","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58fdbd1ae4b007492829448d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hendrikx, Jordy","contributorId":166967,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hendrikx","given":"Jordy","affiliations":[{"id":13628,"text":"Department of Earth Sciences, P.O. Box 173480, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA. 59717.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":625433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peitzsch, Erich H. 0000-0001-7624-0455 epeitzsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7624-0455","contributorId":3786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peitzsch","given":"Erich","email":"epeitzsch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":625432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fagre, Daniel B. 0000-0001-8552-9461 dan_fagre@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8552-9461","contributorId":2036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fagre","given":"Daniel","email":"dan_fagre@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":625431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70155848,"text":"70155848 - 2012 - Groundwater and surface-water exchange and resultingnNitrate dynamics in the Bogue Phalia Basin in northwestern Mississippi","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-15T16:09:38.395666","indexId":"70155848","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2262,"text":"Journal of Environmental Quality","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Groundwater and surface-water exchange and resultingnNitrate dynamics in the Bogue Phalia Basin in northwestern Mississippi","docAbstract":"<p><span>During April 2007 through September 2008, the USGS collected hydrogeologic and water-quality data from a site on the Bogue Phalia to evaluate the role of groundwater and surface-water interaction on the transport of nitrate to the shallow sand and gravel aquifer underlying the Mississippi Alluvial Plain in northwestern Mississippi. A two-dimensional groundwater/surface-water exchange model was developed using temperature and head data and VS2DH, a variably saturated flow and energy transport model. Results from this model showed that groundwater/surface-water exchange at the site occurred regularly and recharge was laterally extensive into the alluvial aquifer. Nitrate was consistently reported in surface-water samples (</span><i>n</i><span>&nbsp;= 52, median concentration = 39.8 &mu;mol/L) although never detected in samples collected from in-stream piezometers or shallow monitoring wells adjacent to the stream (</span><i>n</i><span>&nbsp;= 46). These two facts, consistent detections of nitrate in surface water and no detections of nitrate in groundwater, coupled with model results that indicate large amounts of surface water moving through an anoxic streambed, support the case for denitrification and nitrate loss through the streambed.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Alliance of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Science Societies","doi":"10.2134/jeq2011.0087","usgsCitation":"Barlow, J.R., and Coupe, R.H., 2012, Groundwater and surface-water exchange and resultingnNitrate dynamics in the Bogue Phalia Basin in northwestern Mississippi: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 41, no. 1, p. 155-169, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2011.0087.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"155","endPage":"169","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-024197","costCenters":[{"id":394,"text":"Mississippi Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":381802,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Mississippi","otherGeospatial":"Bogue Phalia Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -90.20421710355372,\n              34.156863209912004\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.75054266585917,\n              34.156863209912004\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.8764117905081,\n              34.12139801584064\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.1361842392514,\n              33.60994504300518\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.05316417831278,\n              33.117872488161694\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.22296356892653,\n              33.129086822630626\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.20689517003508,\n              34.156863209912004\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.20421710355372,\n              34.156863209912004\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"41","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55cc6e29e4b08400b1fe0fd2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barlow, Jeannie R. B. 0000-0002-0799-4656 jbarlow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0799-4656","contributorId":3701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barlow","given":"Jeannie","email":"jbarlow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R. B.","affiliations":[{"id":394,"text":"Mississippi Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":566594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coupe, Richard H. 0000-0001-8679-1015 rhcoupe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8679-1015","contributorId":551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coupe","given":"Richard","email":"rhcoupe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":394,"text":"Mississippi Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":566595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70157253,"text":"70157253 - 2012 - The Neoacadian orogenic core of the souther Appalachians: A geo-traverse through the migmatitic inner Piedmont from the Brushy Mountains to Lincolnton, North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-04T17:05:05.51123","indexId":"70157253","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"The Neoacadian orogenic core of the souther Appalachians: A geo-traverse through the migmatitic inner Piedmont from the Brushy Mountains to Lincolnton, North Carolina","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Inner Piedmont extends from North Carolina to Alabama and comprises the Neoacadian (360&ndash;345 Ma) orogenic core of the southern Appalachian orogen. Bordered to west by the Blue Ridge and the exotic Carolina superterrane to the east, the Inner Piedmont is cored by an extensive region of migmatitic, sillimanite-grade rocks. It is a composite of the peri-Laurentian Tugaloo terrane and mixed Laurentian and peri-Gondwanan affinity Cat Square terrane, which are exposed in several gentle-dipping thrust sheets (nappes). The Cat Square terrane consists of Late Silurian to Early Devonian pelitic schist and metagraywacke intruded by several Devonian to Mississippian peraluminous granitoids, and juxtaposed against the Tugaloo terrane by the Brindle Creek fault. This field trip through the North Carolina Inner Piedmont will examine the lithostratigraphies of the Tugaloo and Cat Square terranes, deformation associated with Brindle Creek fault, Devonian-Mississippian granitoids and charnockite of the Cat Square terrane, pervasive amphibolite-grade Devonian-Mississippian (Neoacadian) deformation and metamorphism throughout the Inner Piedmont, and existence of large crystalline thrust sheets in the Inner Piedmont. Consistent with field observations, geochronology and other data, we have hypothesized that the Carolina superterrane collided obliquely with Laurentia near the Pennsylvania embayment during the Devonian, overrode the Cat Square terrane and Laurentian margin, and squeezed the Inner Piedmont out to the west and southwest as an orogenic channel buttressed against the footwall of the Brevard fault zone.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"From the Blue Ridge to the coastal plain: Field excursions in the southeastern United States","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, Colo.","usgsCitation":"Merschat, A.J., Hatcher, R.D., Byars, H.E., and Williams, G., 2012, The Neoacadian orogenic core of the souther Appalachians: A geo-traverse through the migmatitic inner Piedmont from the Brushy Mountains to Lincolnton, North Carolina, chap. <i>of</i> From the Blue Ridge to the coastal plain: Field excursions in the southeastern United States, p. 171-217.","productDescription":"47 p.","startPage":"171","endPage":"217","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-040211","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308141,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","city":"Lincolnton","otherGeospatial":"Brushy Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -82.25734901780415,\n              35.35686457413088\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.19164138246755,\n              35.29048933514024\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.27612262790014,\n              35.25472625782463\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.27612262790014,\n              35.1933814028566\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.01516181644247,\n              35.14990074828084\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.77423382020822,\n              35.37217419702567\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.25483060754853,\n              36.10361164929357\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.28924889272422,\n              36.544769491974066\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.67723683471142,\n              36.56487696282086\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.79613636532044,\n              36.55985058562055\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.880617610753,\n              36.54225569025742\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.96196992117005,\n              36.441636618517364\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.94632524608961,\n              36.391278082825735\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.36873147325323,\n              36.16678701229759\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.40002082341343,\n              36.10613964024502\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.85997427076896,\n              35.8656175962779\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.86936107581695,\n              35.82503652230436\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.85997427076896,\n              35.77174236016829\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.25734901780415,\n              35.35686457413088\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55f94144e4b05d6c4e5013b6","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Eppes, Martha Cary","contributorId":147722,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eppes","given":"Martha","email":"","middleInitial":"Cary","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572440,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bartholomew, Mervin J.","contributorId":111518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartholomew","given":"Mervin","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572441,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Merschat, Arthur J. 0000-0002-9314-4067 amerschat@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9314-4067","contributorId":4556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merschat","given":"Arthur","email":"amerschat@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hatcher, Robert D. Jr.","contributorId":121402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatcher","given":"Robert","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Byars, Heather E.","contributorId":147723,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Byars","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Williams, G.","contributorId":147724,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70187162,"text":"70187162 - 2012 - La información satelital para la gestión ante desastres—La Carta Internacional del Espacio, los grandes desastres y la experiencia de el USGS","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-25T14:31:59","indexId":"70187162","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"La información satelital para la gestión ante desastres—La Carta Internacional del Espacio, los grandes desastres y la experiencia de el USGS","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Desastres—Costa Rica en el tercer melenio desafíos y propuestas para la reducción de vulnerabilidad","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Constrastes Vivos de Costa Rica","publisherLocation":"San José, Costa Rica","usgsCitation":"Jones, B., 2012, La información satelital para la gestión ante desastres—La Carta Internacional del Espacio, los grandes desastres y la experiencia de el USGS, chap. <i>of</i> Desastres—Costa Rica en el tercer melenio desafíos y propuestas para la reducción de vulnerabilidad, p. 367-380.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"367","endPage":"380","ipdsId":"IP-033621","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340318,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":340277,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.preventec.ucr.ac.cr/libro_desastre_costa_rica_tercer_milenio"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59006067e4b0e85db3a5de11","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, Brenda 0000-0003-4941-5349 bkjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4941-5349","contributorId":2994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Brenda","email":"bkjones@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":692867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70157246,"text":"70157246 - 2012 - The Hydrothermal Diamond Anvil Cell (HDAC) for raman spectroscopic studies of geologic fluids at high pressures and temperatures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-15T17:15:52","indexId":"70157246","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"The Hydrothermal Diamond Anvil Cell (HDAC) for raman spectroscopic studies of geologic fluids at high pressures and temperatures","docAbstract":"<p><span>In this chapter, we describe the hydrothermal diamond-anvil cell (HDAC), which is specifically designed for experiments on systems with aqueous fluids to temperatures up to ⬚~1000&ordm;C and pressures up to a few GPa to tens of GPa. This cell permits optical observation of the sample and the in situ determination of properties by &lsquo;photon-in photon-out&rsquo; techniques such as Raman spectroscopy. Several methods for pressure measurement are discussed in detail including the Raman spectroscopic pressure sensors a-quartz, berlinite, zircon, cubic boron nitride (c-BN), and 13C-diamond, the fluorescence sensors ruby (&alpha;-Al2O3:Cr3+), Sm:YAG (Y3Al5O12:Sm3+) and SrB4O7:Sm2+, and measurements of phase-transition temperatures. Furthermore, we give an overview of published Raman spectroscopic studies of geological fluids to high pressures and temperatures, in which diamond anvil cells were applied.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applications of Raman spectroscopy to earth sciences and cultural heritage","language":"English","publisher":"European Mineralogical Union","publisherLocation":"London, UK","usgsCitation":"Schmidt, C., and Chou, I., 2012, The Hydrothermal Diamond Anvil Cell (HDAC) for raman spectroscopic studies of geologic fluids at high pressures and temperatures, chap. <i>of</i> Applications of Raman spectroscopy to earth sciences and cultural heritage, p. 247-276.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"247","endPage":"276","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308135,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55f94144e4b05d6c4e5013b4","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Dubessy, Jean","contributorId":147713,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dubessy","given":"Jean","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572398,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Caumon, Marie-Camille","contributorId":147714,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Caumon","given":"Marie-Camille","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572399,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pérez, Fernando Rull","contributorId":147715,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pérez","given":"Fernando Rull","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572400,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Schmidt, Christian","contributorId":28892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Christian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chou, I-Ming 0000-0001-5233-6479 imchou@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5233-6479","contributorId":882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chou","given":"I-Ming","email":"imchou@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70032436,"text":"70032436 - 2012 - The use of multiobjective calibration and regional sensitivity analysis in simulating hyporheic exchange","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-13T15:03:58","indexId":"70032436","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The use of multiobjective calibration and regional sensitivity analysis in simulating hyporheic exchange","docAbstract":"We describe an approach for calibrating a two-dimensional (2-D) flow model of hyporheic exchange using observations of temperature and pressure to estimate hydraulic and thermal properties. A longitudinal 2-D heat and flow model was constructed for a riffle-pool sequence to simulate flow paths and flux rates for variable discharge conditions. A uniform random sampling approach was used to examine the solution space and identify optimal values at local and regional scales. We used a regional sensitivity analysis to examine the effects of parameter correlation and nonuniqueness commonly encountered in multidimensional modeling. The results from this study demonstrate the ability to estimate hydraulic and thermal parameters using measurements of temperature and pressure to simulate exchange and flow paths. Examination of the local parameter space provides the potential for refinement of zones that are used to represent sediment heterogeneity within the model. The results indicate vertical hydraulic conductivity was not identifiable solely using pressure observations; however, a distinct minimum was identified using temperature observations. The measured temperature and pressure and estimated vertical hydraulic conductivity values indicate the presence of a discontinuous low-permeability deposit that limits the vertical penetration of seepage beneath the riffle, whereas there is a much greater exchange where the low-permeability deposit is absent. Using both temperature and pressure to constrain the parameter estimation process provides the lowest overall root-mean-square error as compared to using solely temperature or pressure observations. This study demonstrates the benefits of combining continuous temperature and pressure for simulating hyporheic exchange and flow in a riffle-pool sequence. Copyright 2012 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Resources Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union (AGU)","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/2011WR011179","issn":"00431397","usgsCitation":"Naranjo, R.C., Niswonger, R., Stone, M., Davis, C., and McKay, A., 2012, The use of multiobjective calibration and regional sensitivity analysis in simulating hyporheic exchange: Water Resources Research, v. 48, no. W01538, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2011WR011179.","productDescription":"16 p.","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474681,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2011wr011179","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":214064,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011WR011179"},{"id":241751,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","city":"Little Nixon","otherGeospatial":"Truckee River;Pyramid Lake","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -119.54406,39.738458 ], [ -119.54406,39.917556 ], [ -119.237622,39.917556 ], [ -119.237622,39.738458 ], [ -119.54406,39.738458 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"48","issue":"W01538","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-01-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb191e4b08c986b325342","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Naranjo, Ramon C. 0000-0003-4469-6831 rnaranjo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4469-6831","contributorId":3391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naranjo","given":"Ramon","email":"rnaranjo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":436172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Niswonger, Richard G.","contributorId":45402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Niswonger","given":"Richard G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stone, Mark","contributorId":34335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Davis, Clinton","contributorId":30835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Clinton","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McKay, Alan","contributorId":94870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKay","given":"Alan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70032403,"text":"70032403 - 2012 - Mesoproterozoic syntectonic garnet within Belt Supergroup metamorphic tectonites: Evidence of Grenville-age metamorphism and deformation along northwest Laurentia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-02T12:58:11.966669","indexId":"70032403","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2588,"text":"LITHOS","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mesoproterozoic syntectonic garnet within Belt Supergroup metamorphic tectonites: Evidence of Grenville-age metamorphism and deformation along northwest Laurentia","docAbstract":"<p><span>Northern Idaho contains Belt-Purcell Supergroup equivalent metamorphic tectonites that underwent two regional deformational and metamorphic events during the Mesoproterozoic. Garnet-bearing pelitic schists from the Snow Peak area of northern Idaho yield Lu–Hf garnet-whole rock ages of 1085</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>±</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>2</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>Ma, 1198</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>±</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>79</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>Ma, 1207</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>±</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>8</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>Ma, 1255</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>±</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>28</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>Ma, and 1314</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>±</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>2</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>Ma. Garnet from one sample, collected from the Clarkia area, was micro-drilled to obtain separate core and rim material that produced ages of 1347</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>±</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>10</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>Ma and 1102</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>±</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>47</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>Ma. The core versus rim ages from the micro-drilled sample along with the textural and spatial evidence of the other Lu–Hf garnet ages indicate two metamorphic garnet growth events at ~</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>1330</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>Ma (M1) and ~</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>1080</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>Ma (M2) with the intermediate ages representing mixed ages. Some garnet likely nucleated and grew M1 garnet cores that were later overgrown by younger M2 garnet rims. Most garnet throughout the Clarkia and Snow Peak areas are syntectonic with a regional penetrative deformational fabric, preserved as a strong preferred orientation of metamorphic matrix minerals (e.g., muscovite and biotite). The syntectonic garnets are interpreted to represent one regional, coeval metamorphic and deformation event at ~</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>1080</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>Ma, which overlaps in time with the Grenville Orogeny. The older ~</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>1330</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>Ma ages may represent an extension of the East Kootenay Orogeny described in western Canada. These deformational and metamorphic events indicate that western Laurentia (North America) was tectonically active in the Mesoproterozoic and during the assembly of the supercontinent Rodinia.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.lithos.2011.12.008","issn":"00244937","usgsCitation":"Nesheim, T., Vervoort, J., McClelland, W., Gilotti, J.A., and Lang, H., 2012, Mesoproterozoic syntectonic garnet within Belt Supergroup metamorphic tectonites: Evidence of Grenville-age metamorphism and deformation along northwest Laurentia: LITHOS, v. 134-135, p. 91-107, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2011.12.008.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"91","endPage":"107","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241715,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214028,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2011.12.008"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Washington, Montana","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.72949218749999,\n              46.07323062540835\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.8623046875,\n              46.07323062540835\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.8623046875,\n              47.81315451752768\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.72949218749999,\n              47.81315451752768\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.72949218749999,\n              46.07323062540835\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"134-135","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5447e4b0c8380cd6cf2e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nesheim, T.O.","contributorId":48772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nesheim","given":"T.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vervoort, J.D.","contributorId":98126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vervoort","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McClelland, W.C.","contributorId":66929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McClelland","given":"W.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gilotti, J. A.","contributorId":15776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilotti","given":"J.","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lang, H.M.","contributorId":80911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lang","given":"H.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70032405,"text":"70032405 - 2012 - Quantifying riverine surface currents from time sequences of thermal infrared imagery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:34","indexId":"70032405","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying riverine surface currents from time sequences of thermal infrared imagery","docAbstract":"River surface currents are quantified from thermal and visible band imagery using two methods. One method utilizes time stacks of pixel intensity to estimate the streamwise velocity at multiple locations. The other method uses particle image velocimetry to solve for optimal two-dimensional pixel displacements between successive frames. Field validation was carried out on the Wolf River, a small coastal plain river near Landon, Mississippi, United States, on 26-27 May 2010 by collecting imagery in association with in situ velocities sampled using electromagnetic current meters deployed 0.1 m below the river surface. Comparisons are made between mean in situ velocities and image-derived velocities from 23 thermal and 6 visible-band image sequences (5 min length) during daylight and darkness conditions. The thermal signal was a small apparent temperature contrast induced by turbulent mixing of a thin layer of cooler water near the river surface with underlying warmer water. The visible-band signal was foam on the water surface. For thermal imagery, streamwise velocities derived from the pixel time stack and particle image velocimetry technique were generally highly correlated to mean streamwise current meter velocities during darkness (r  2 typically greater than 0.9) and early morning daylight (r  2 typically greater than 0.83). Streamwise velocities from the pixel time stack technique had high correlation for visible-band imagery during early morning daylight hours with respect to mean current meter velocities (r  2 &gt; 0.86). Streamwise velocities for the particle image velocimetry technique for visible-band imagery had weaker correlations with only three out of six correlations performed having an r  2 exceeding 0.6. Copyright 2012 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Resources Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2011WR010770","issn":"00431397","usgsCitation":"Puleo, J., McKenna, T., Holland, K.T., and Calantoni, J., 2012, Quantifying riverine surface currents from time sequences of thermal infrared imagery: Water Resources Research, v. 48, no. 1, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011WR010770.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":474785,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2011wr010770","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":214063,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011WR010770"},{"id":241750,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a91dbe4b0c8380cd804e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Puleo, Jack A.","contributorId":108287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Puleo","given":"Jack A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKenna, T.E.","contributorId":103819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKenna","given":"T.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holland, K. T.","contributorId":61013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holland","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Calantoni, J.","contributorId":19382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Calantoni","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70032407,"text":"70032407 - 2012 - Numerical models of salt marsh evolution: Ecological, geomorphic, and climatic factors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:20","indexId":"70032407","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3283,"text":"Reviews of Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Numerical models of salt marsh evolution: Ecological, geomorphic, and climatic factors","docAbstract":"Salt marshes are delicate landforms at the boundary between the sea and land. These ecosystems support a diverse biota that modifies the erosive characteristics of the substrate and mediates sediment transport processes. Here we present a broad overview of recent numerical models that quantify the formation and evolution of salt marshes under different physical and ecological drivers. In particular, we focus on the coupling between geomorphological and ecological processes and on how these feedbacks are included in predictive models of landform evolution. We describe in detail models that simulate fluxes of water, organic matter, and sediments in salt marshes. The interplay between biological and morphological processes often produces a distinct scarp between salt marshes and tidal flats. Numerical models can capture the dynamics of this boundary and the progradation or regression of the marsh in time. Tidal channels are also key features of the marsh landscape, flooding and draining the marsh platform and providing a source of sediments and nutrients to the marsh ecosystem. In recent years, several numerical models have been developed to describe the morphogenesis and long-term dynamics of salt marsh channels. Finally, salt marshes are highly sensitive to the effects of long-term climatic change. We therefore discuss in detail how numerical models have been used to determine salt marsh survival under different scenarios of sea level rise. Copyright 2012 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Reviews of Geophysics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2011RG000359","issn":"87551209","usgsCitation":"Fagherazzi, S., Kirwan, M.L., Mudd, S., Guntenspergen, G., Temmerman, S., D'Alpaos, A., Van De Koppel, J., Rybczyk, J., Reyes, E., Craft, C., and Clough, J., 2012, Numerical models of salt marsh evolution: Ecological, geomorphic, and climatic factors: Reviews of Geophysics, v. 50, no. 1, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011RG000359.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":474635,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"text":"External Repository"},{"id":213598,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011RG000359"},{"id":241242,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"50","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-01-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6902e4b0c8380cd73b03","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fagherazzi, S.","contributorId":87375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fagherazzi","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kirwan, M. L.","contributorId":74094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirwan","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mudd, S.M.","contributorId":19377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mudd","given":"S.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Guntenspergen, G.R. 0000-0002-8593-0244","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8593-0244","contributorId":95424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guntenspergen","given":"G.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Temmerman, S.","contributorId":18099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Temmerman","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"D'Alpaos, A.","contributorId":52406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"D'Alpaos","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Van De Koppel, J.","contributorId":9875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van De Koppel","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Rybczyk, J.M.","contributorId":41796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rybczyk","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Reyes, E.","contributorId":83886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reyes","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Craft, C.","contributorId":67712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Craft","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Clough, J.","contributorId":84168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clough","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70032437,"text":"70032437 - 2012 - Intra- and inter-annual trends in phosphorus loads and comparison with nitrogen loads to Rehoboth Bay, Delaware (USA)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-01T19:07:43.93667","indexId":"70032437","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1587,"text":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Intra- and inter-annual trends in phosphorus loads and comparison with nitrogen loads to Rehoboth Bay, Delaware (USA)","docAbstract":"<p><span>Monthly phosphorus loads from uplands,&nbsp;atmospheric deposition, and&nbsp;wastewater&nbsp;to Rehoboth Bay (Delaware) were determined from October 1998 to April 2002 to evaluate the relative importance of these three sources of P to the Bay. Loads from a representative&nbsp;</span>subwatershed<span>&nbsp;were determined and used in an areal extrapolation to estimate the upland load from the entire watershed. Soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) and dissolved organic P (DOP) are the predominant forms of P in baseflow and P loads from the watershed are highest during the summer months. Particulate phosphorus (PP) becomes more significant in stormflow and during periods with more frequent or larger storms. Atmospheric deposition of P is only a minor source of P to Rehoboth Bay. During the period of 1998–2002, wastewater was the dominant external source of P to Rehoboth Bay, often exceeding all other P sources combined. Since 2002, however, due to technical improvements to the sole wastewater plant discharging directly to the Bay, the wastewater contribution of P has been significantly reduced and upland waters are now the principal source of P on an annualized basis. Based on comparison of N and P loads, primary productivity and&nbsp;biomass&nbsp;carrying capacity in Rehoboth Bay should be limited by P availability. However, due to the contrasting spatial and temporal patterns of N and P loading and perhaps internal cycling within the ecosystem,&nbsp;spatial and temporal variations&nbsp;in N and P-limitation within Rehoboth Bay are likely.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2011.10.023","issn":"02727714","usgsCitation":"Volk, J., Scudlark, J., Savidge, K., Andres, A., Stenger, R., and Ullman, W., 2012, Intra- and inter-annual trends in phosphorus loads and comparison with nitrogen loads to Rehoboth Bay, Delaware (USA): Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, v. 96, no. 1, p. 139-150, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2011.10.023.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"139","endPage":"150","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241752,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214065,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2011.10.023"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware","otherGeospatial":"Rehoboth Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -75.34423828125,\n              38.50519140240356\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.99542236328125,\n              38.50519140240356\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.99542236328125,\n              38.89744587262311\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.34423828125,\n              38.89744587262311\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.34423828125,\n              38.50519140240356\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"96","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3db8e4b0c8380cd637a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Volk, J.A.","contributorId":20497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Volk","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scudlark, J.R.","contributorId":86952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scudlark","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Savidge, K.B.","contributorId":95254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savidge","given":"K.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Andres, A.S.","contributorId":84557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andres","given":"A.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stenger, R.J.","contributorId":7513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stenger","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ullman, W.J.","contributorId":28796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ullman","given":"W.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70032392,"text":"70032392 - 2012 - QuakeCaster, an earthquake physics demonstration and exploration tool","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-14T16:11:42","indexId":"70032392","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"QuakeCaster, an earthquake physics demonstration and exploration tool","docAbstract":"A fundamental riddle of earthquake occurrence is that tectonic motions at plate interiors are steady, changing only subtly over millions of years, but at plate boundary faults, the plates are stuck for hundreds of years and then suddenly jerk forward in earthquakes. Why does this happen? The answer, as formulated by Harry F. Reid (Reid 1910, 192) is that the Earth’s crust is elastic, behaving like a very stiff slab of rubber sliding over a substrate of “honey”-like asthenosphere, and that faults are restrained by friction. The crust near the faults—zones of weakness that separate the plates—slowly deforms, building up stress until frictional resistance on the fault is overcome and the fault suddenly slips. For the past century, scientists have sought ways to use this knowledge to forecast earthquakes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Seismological Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","publisherLocation":"El Cerrito, CA","doi":"10.1785/gssrl.83.1.150","issn":"08950695","usgsCitation":"Linton, K., and Stein, R., 2012, QuakeCaster, an earthquake physics demonstration and exploration tool: Seismological Research Letters, v. 83, no. 1, p. 150-155, https://doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.83.1.150.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"150","endPage":"155","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241508,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213846,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.83.1.150"}],"volume":"83","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9077e4b0c8380cd7fd64","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Linton, K.","contributorId":42794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Linton","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stein, R.S.","contributorId":8875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stein","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70032391,"text":"70032391 - 2012 - The challenges of implementing pathogen control strategies for fishes used in biomedical research","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-22T18:36:23.765716","indexId":"70032391","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1296,"text":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The challenges of implementing pathogen control strategies for fishes used in biomedical research","docAbstract":"<p><span>Over the past several decades, a number of fish species, including the zebrafish, medaka, and platyfish/swordtail, have become important models for human health and disease. Despite the increasing prevalence of these and other fish species in research, methods for health maintenance and the management of diseases in laboratory populations of these animals are underdeveloped. There is a growing realization that this trend must change, especially as the use of these species expands beyond developmental biology and more towards experimental applications where the presence of underlying disease may affect the physiology animals used in experiments and potentially compromise research results. Therefore, there is a critical need to develop, improve, and implement strategies for managing health and disease in aquatic research facilities. The purpose of this review is to report the proceedings of a workshop entitled “Animal Health and Disease Management in Research Animals” that was recently held at the 5th Aquatic Animal Models for Human Disease in September 2010 at Corvallis, Oregon to discuss the challenges involved with moving the field forward on this front.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2011.06.007","issn":"15320456","usgsCitation":"Lawrence, C., Ennis, D., Harper, C., Kent, M., Murray, K., and Sanders, G., 2012, The challenges of implementing pathogen control strategies for fishes used in biomedical research: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology, v. 155, no. 1, p. 160-166, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpc.2011.06.007.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"160","endPage":"166","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":474626,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3338152","text":"External Repository"},{"id":241507,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213845,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpc.2011.06.007"}],"volume":"155","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baa14e4b08c986b3226fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lawrence, C.","contributorId":52799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawrence","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ennis, D.G.","contributorId":51103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ennis","given":"D.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harper, C.","contributorId":19380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harper","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kent, M.L.","contributorId":108058,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kent","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Murray, K.","contributorId":69792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murray","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sanders, George","contributorId":243223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanders","given":"George","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":435924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70032390,"text":"70032390 - 2012 - Temporal scaling of groundwater level fluctuations near a stream","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-02T13:01:19.21464","indexId":"70032390","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temporal scaling of groundwater level fluctuations near a stream","docAbstract":"<p>Temporal scaling in stream discharge and hydraulic heads in riparian wells was evaluated to determine the feasibility of using spectral analysis to identify potential surface and groundwater interaction. In floodplains where groundwater levels respond rapidly to precipitation recharge, potential interaction is established if the hydraulic head (h) spectrum of riparian groundwater has a power spectral density similar to stream discharge (Q), exhibiting a characteristic breakpoint between high and low frequencies. At a field site in Walnut Creek watershed in central Iowa, spectral analysis of h in wells located 1 m from the channel edge showed a breakpoint in scaling very similar to the spectrum of Q (∼20 h), whereas h in wells located 20 and 40 m from the channel showed temporal scaling from 1 to 10,000 h without a well‐defined breakpoint. The spectral exponent (β) in the riparian zone decreased systematically from the channel into the floodplain as groundwater levels were increasingly dominated by white noise groundwater recharge. The scaling pattern of hydraulic head was not affected by land cover type, although the number of analyses was limited and site conditions were variable among sites. Spectral analysis would not replace quantitative tracer or modeling studies, but the method may provide a simple means of confirming potential interaction at some sites.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"National Ground Water Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2011.00804.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Schilling, K.E., and Zhang, Y., 2012, Temporal scaling of groundwater level fluctuations near a stream: Ground Water, v. 50, no. 1, p. 59-67, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2011.00804.x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"59","endPage":"67","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241506,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213844,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2011.00804.x"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","county":"Jasper County","otherGeospatial":"Walnut Creek Watershed","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-93.234,41.8622],[-93.1187,41.8624],[-93.0035,41.8624],[-92.8845,41.8619],[-92.7674,41.8618],[-92.7683,41.776],[-92.768,41.6879],[-92.7683,41.6007],[-92.7567,41.6011],[-92.7564,41.509],[-92.8729,41.5082],[-92.9894,41.5083],[-93.1047,41.5078],[-93.2181,41.5076],[-93.3304,41.5074],[-93.3314,41.6004],[-93.3504,41.6004],[-93.3496,41.688],[-93.3494,41.7757],[-93.3492,41.8624],[-93.234,41.8622]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Jasper\",\"state\":\"IA\"}}]}","volume":"50","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-02-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba518e4b08c986b3207e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schilling, K. E.","contributorId":61982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schilling","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zhang, Y.-K.","contributorId":44309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"Y.-K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70032410,"text":"70032410 - 2012 - Hybrid-optimization algorithm for the management of a conjunctive-use project and well field design","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-01T14:28:40","indexId":"70032410","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hybrid-optimization algorithm for the management of a conjunctive-use project and well field design","docAbstract":"<p><span>Hi‐Desert Water District (HDWD), the primary water‐management agency in the Warren Groundwater Basin, California, plans to construct a waste water treatment plant to reduce future septic‐tank effluent from reaching the groundwater system. The treated waste water will be reclaimed by recharging the groundwater basin via recharge ponds as part of a larger conjunctive‐use strategy. HDWD wishes to identify the least‐cost conjunctive‐use strategies for managing imported surface water, reclaimed water, and local groundwater. As formulated, the mixed‐integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) groundwater‐management problem seeks to minimize water‐delivery costs subject to constraints including potential locations of the new pumping wells, California State regulations, groundwater‐level constraints, water‐supply demand, available imported water, and pump/recharge capacities. In this study, a hybrid‐optimization algorithm, which couples a genetic algorithm and successive‐linear programming, is developed to solve the MINLP problem. The algorithm was tested by comparing results to the enumerative solution for a simplified version of the HDWD groundwater‐management problem. The results indicate that the hybrid‐optimization algorithm can identify the global optimum. The hybrid‐optimization algorithm is then applied to solve a complex groundwater‐management problem. Sensitivity analyses were also performed to assess the impact of varying the new recharge pond orientation, varying the mixing ratio of reclaimed water and pumped water, and varying the amount of imported water available. The developed conjunctive management model can provide HDWD water managers with information that will improve their ability to manage their surface water, reclaimed water, and groundwater resources.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2011.00828.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Chiu, Y., Nishikawa, T., and Martin, P., 2012, Hybrid-optimization algorithm for the management of a conjunctive-use project and well field design: Ground Water, v. 50, no. 1, p. 103-117, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2011.00828.x.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"103","endPage":"117","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241276,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213630,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2011.00828.x"}],"volume":"50","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a32c0e4b0c8380cd5ea45","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chiu, Yung-Chia","contributorId":103134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chiu","given":"Yung-Chia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nishikawa, Tracy 0000-0002-7348-3838 tnish@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7348-3838","contributorId":1515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nishikawa","given":"Tracy","email":"tnish@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":436033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martin, Peter pmmartin@usgs.gov","contributorId":799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Peter","email":"pmmartin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":436032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70032378,"text":"70032378 - 2012 - Relationships between yolk androgens and nest density, laying date, and laying order in Western Burrowing Owls (Athene cunicularia hypugaea)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:20","indexId":"70032378","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1176,"text":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relationships between yolk androgens and nest density, laying date, and laying order in Western Burrowing Owls (Athene cunicularia hypugaea)","docAbstract":"Increases in yolk androgens within and among avian clutches have been correlated with decreased incubation time, increased aggression within a nest, increased begging behaviour, decreased immune response, and decreased life span. Although the mechanisms that lead to variability in yolk androgens within and between clutches are not completely known, yolk androgens can be a function of both social and environmental conditions. We were interested in if and how nesting density, laying date, and laying order influenced yolk androgens in Western Burrowing Owls (Athene cunicularia hypugaea (Bonaparte, 1825)) in which nest density varies considerably. In 2006 and 2007, we used radioimmunoassay to quantify the concentrations of testosterone, 5a-dihydrotestosterone, and androstenedione in the egg yolks from one early and one latelaid egg in 47 nests of Burrowing Owls located in the Morley Nelson Snake River Birds of Prey National Conservation Area in southern Idaho. Nesting density had no detectable effect on yolk androgens. Yolk androgens varied temporally and peaked in the middle of the laying season while being low before and after this time period. Within nests, late-laid eggs had higher testosterone and dihydrotestosterone than early-laid eggs; adrostendione exhibited a similar pattern in one but not both years of our study. It is possible that the seasonal pattern in yolk androgens that we observed is related to aspects of mate quality for females or declining chances of fledging success for later nesting females, whereas rises in egg androgens between early and late eggs within clutches could reflect a mechanism to assist nestlings from late-laid eggs that hatch one to several days after their siblings to better compete for resources within the nest or promote survival in the presence of larger siblings.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1139/Z11-125","issn":"00084301","usgsCitation":"Welty, J., Belthoff, J., Egbert, J., and Schwabl, H., 2012, Relationships between yolk androgens and nest density, laying date, and laying order in Western Burrowing Owls (Athene cunicularia hypugaea): Canadian Journal of Zoology, v. 90, no. 2, p. 182-192, https://doi.org/10.1139/Z11-125.","startPage":"182","endPage":"192","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241305,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213656,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/Z11-125"}],"volume":"90","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa65de4b0c8380cd84dfe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Welty, J.L.","contributorId":21357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welty","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Belthoff, J.R.","contributorId":44360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belthoff","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Egbert, J.","contributorId":31993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Egbert","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schwabl, H.","contributorId":45811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwabl","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70032417,"text":"70032417 - 2012 - PhyloChipTM microarray comparison of sampling methods used for coral microbial ecology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-14T15:41:40.793958","indexId":"70032417","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2390,"text":"Journal of Microbiological Methods","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"PhyloChip<sup>TM</sup> microarray comparison of sampling methods used for coral microbial ecology","title":"PhyloChipTM microarray comparison of sampling methods used for coral microbial ecology","docAbstract":"<p><span>Interest in coral microbial ecology has been increasing steadily over the last decade, yet standardized methods of sample collection still have not been defined. Two methods were compared for their ability to sample coral-associated microbial communities: tissue punches and foam swabs, the latter being less invasive and preferred by reef managers. Four colonies of star coral,&nbsp;</span><i>Montastraea annularis</i><span>, were sampled in the Dry Tortugas National Park (two healthy and two with white plague disease). The PhyloChip&trade; G3 microarray was used to assess microbial community structure of amplified 16S rRNA gene sequences. Samples clustered based on methodology rather than coral colony. Punch samples from healthy and diseased corals were distinct. All swab samples clustered closely together with the seawater control and did not group according to the health state of the corals. Although more microbial taxa were detected by the swab method, there is a much larger overlap between the water control and swab samples than punch samples, suggesting some of the additional diversity is due to contamination from water absorbed by the swab. While swabs are useful for noninvasive studies of the coral surface mucus layer, these results show that they are not optimal for studies of coral disease.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.mimet.2011.10.019","usgsCitation":"Kellogg, C.A., Piceno, Y., Tom, L.M., DeSantis, T.Z., Zawada, D., and Andersen, G., 2012, PhyloChipTM microarray comparison of sampling methods used for coral microbial ecology: Journal of Microbiological Methods, v. 88, no. 1, p. 103-109, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2011.10.019.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"103","endPage":"109","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241405,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Dry Tortugas National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -82.76726111255684,\n              24.668880028267623\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.76808893731325,\n              24.70347980045176\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.80244366469317,\n              24.726039692971767\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.8670139956724,\n              24.725287762430412\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.90012698591825,\n              24.717768207105777\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.96635296640954,\n              24.647814596972225\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.96511122927551,\n              24.5657760529391\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.89722959927172,\n              24.566528944544928\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.79996019042464,\n              24.616209786360997\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.76767502493483,\n              24.668880028267623\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.76726111255684,\n              24.668880028267623\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"88","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7a4be4b0c8380cd78e33","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kellogg, Christina A. 0000-0002-6492-9455 ckellogg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6492-9455","contributorId":391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kellogg","given":"Christina","email":"ckellogg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":436061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Piceno, Yvette M.","contributorId":66977,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piceno","given":"Yvette M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tom, Lauren M.","contributorId":92938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tom","given":"Lauren","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeSantis, Todd Z.","contributorId":101158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeSantis","given":"Todd","email":"","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zawada, David G. 0000-0003-4547-4878 dzawada@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4547-4878","contributorId":1898,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zawada","given":"David G.","email":"dzawada@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":436060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Andersen, Gary L.","contributorId":20679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andersen","given":"Gary L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70032418,"text":"70032418 - 2012 - Microbial water quality before and after the repair of a failing onsite wastewater treatment system adjacent to coastal waters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-01T21:16:59.810007","indexId":"70032418","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2169,"text":"Journal of Applied Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Microbial water quality before and after the repair of a failing onsite wastewater treatment system adjacent to coastal waters","docAbstract":"<p>Aims:  The objective was to assess the impacts of repairing a failing onsite wastewater treatment system (OWTS, i.e., septic system) as related to coastal microbial water quality. Methods and Results:  Wastewater, groundwater and surface water were monitored for environmental parameters, faecal indicator bacteria (total coliforms, Escherichia coli, enterococci) and the viral tracer MS2 before and after repairing a failing OWTS. MS2 results using plaque enumeration and quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) often agreed, but inhibition limited the qRT‐PCR assay sensitivity. Prerepair, MS2 persisted in groundwater and was detected in the nearby creek; postrepair, it was not detected. In groundwater, total coliform concentrations were lower and E. coli was not detected, while enterococci concentrations were similar to prerepair levels. E. coli and enterococci surface water concentrations were elevated both before and after the repair. Conclusions:  Repairing the failing OWTS improved groundwater microbial water quality, although persistence of bacteria in surface water suggests that the OWTS was not the singular faecal contributor to adjacent coastal waters. A suite of tracers is needed to fully assess OWTS performance in treating microbial contaminants and related impacts on receiving waters. Molecular methods like qRT‐PCR have potential but require optimization. Significance and Impact of Study:  This is the first before and after study of a failing OWTS and provides guidance on selection of microbial tracers and methods.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2672.2011.05183.x","issn":"13645072","usgsCitation":"Conn, K., Habteselassie, M., Denene, B.A., and Noble, R., 2012, Microbial water quality before and after the repair of a failing onsite wastewater treatment system adjacent to coastal waters: Journal of Applied Microbiology, v. 112, no. 1, p. 214-224, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2011.05183.x.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"214","endPage":"224","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241406,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213749,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2011.05183.x"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Newport River estuary","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -76.91665649414062,\n              34.699848377328934\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.56097412109375,\n              34.699848377328934\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.56097412109375,\n              34.898321507559885\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.91665649414062,\n              34.898321507559885\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.91665649414062,\n              34.699848377328934\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"112","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-12-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5663e4b0c8380cd6d56d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conn, K.E.","contributorId":64433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conn","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Habteselassie, M.Y.","contributorId":6267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Habteselassie","given":"M.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Denene, Blackwood A.","contributorId":87378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denene","given":"Blackwood","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Noble, R.T.","contributorId":60452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noble","given":"R.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
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