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Over 20 million soundings were collected within an area of approximately 250 sq km (97 sq mi) of the bay extending south of Coyote Point on the west shore, to the San Leandro marina on the east, including Coyote Creek and Ravenswood, Alviso, Artesian, and Mud Sloughs. This is the first survey of this scale that has been conducted in South Bay since the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Ocean Service (NOS) last surveyed the region in the early 1980s. Data from this survey will provide insight to changes in bay floor topography from the 1980s to 2005 and will also serve as essential baseline data for tracking changes that will occur as restoration of the South San Francisco Bay salt ponds progress. This report provides documentation on how the survey was conducted, an assessment of accuracy of the data, and distributes the sounding data with Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) compliant metadata. Reports from NOS and Sea Surveyor, Inc., containing additional survey details are attached as appendices.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071169","usgsCitation":"Foxgrover, A., Jaffe, B.E., Hovis, G.T., Martin, C.A., Hubbard, J.R., Samant, M.R., and Sullivan, S.M., 2007, 2005 hydrographic survey of south San Francisco Bay, California (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1169, Report: iii, 99 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071169.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 99 p.","numberOfPages":"113","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2005-01-01","temporalEnd":"2005-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194710,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9754,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1169/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":292909,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1169/of2007_1169.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.5228,37.4452 ], [ -122.5228,38.1442 ], [ -122.0369,38.1442 ], [ -122.0369,37.4452 ], [ -122.5228,37.4452 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd491ee4b0b290850eee87","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foxgrover, Amy C.","contributorId":45775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foxgrover","given":"Amy C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jaffe, Bruce E. 0000-0002-8816-5920 bjaffe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8816-5920","contributorId":2049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaffe","given":"Bruce","email":"bjaffe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hovis, Gerald T.","contributorId":79188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hovis","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Martin, Craig A.","contributorId":83627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hubbard, James R.","contributorId":22057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubbard","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Samant, Manoj R.","contributorId":68844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Samant","given":"Manoj","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sullivan, Steve M.","contributorId":83217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"Steve","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":80008,"text":"ofr20071159 - 2007 - Estimating Water Storage Capacity of Existing and Potentially Restorable Wetland Depressions in a Subbasin of the Red River of the North","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-26T11:10:26","indexId":"ofr20071159","displayToPublicDate":"2007-06-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1159","title":"Estimating Water Storage Capacity of Existing and Potentially Restorable Wetland Depressions in a Subbasin of the Red River of the North","docAbstract":"Executive Summary\r\n\r\nConcern over flooding along rivers in the Prairie Pothole Region has stimulated interest in developing spatially distributed hydrologic models to simulate the effects of wetland water storage on peak river flows. Such models require spatial data on the storage volume and interception area of existing and restorable wetlands in the watershed of interest. In most cases, information on these model inputs is lacking because resolution of existing topographic maps is inadequate to estimate volume and areas of existing and restorable wetlands. Consequently, most studies have relied on wetland area to volume or interception area relationships to estimate wetland basin storage characteristics by using available surface area data obtained as a product from remotely sensed data (e.g., National Wetlands Inventory). Though application of areal input data to estimate volume and interception areas is widely used, a drawback is that there is little information available to provide guidance regarding the application, limitations, and biases associated with such approaches. Another limitation of previous modeling efforts is that water stored by wetlands within a watershed is treated as a simple lump storage component that is filled prior to routing overflow to a pour point or gaging station. This approach does not account for dynamic wetland processes that influence water stored in prairie wetlands. Further, most models have not considered the influence of human-induced hydrologic changes, such as land use, that greatly influence quantity of surface water inputs and, ultimately, the rate that a wetland basin fills and spills.\r\n\r\nThe goals of this study were to (1) develop and improve methodologies for estimating and spatially depicting wetland storage volumes and interceptions areas and (2) develop models and approaches for estimating/simulating the water storage capacity of potentially restorable and existing wetlands under various restoration, land use, and climatic scenarios. To address these goals, we developed models and approaches to spatially represent storage volumes and interception areas of existing and potentially restorable wetlands in the upper Mustinka subbasin within Grant County, Minn. We then developed and applied a model to simulate wetland water storage increases that would result from restoring 25 and 50 percent of the farmed and drained wetlands in the upper Mustinka subbasin. The model simulations were performed during the growing season (May-October) for relatively wet (1993; 0.79 m of precipitation) and dry (1987; 0.40 m of precipitation) years. Results from the simulations indicated that the 25 percent restoration scenario would increase water storage by 21-24 percent and that a 50 percent scenario would increase storage by 34-38 percent. Additionally, we estimated that wetlands in the subbasin have potential to store 11.57-20.98 percent of the total precipitation that fell over the entire subbasin area (52,758 ha). Our simulation results indicated that there is considerable potential to enhance water storage in the subbasin; however, evaluation and calibration of the model is necessary before simulation results can be applied to management and planning decisions.\r\n\r\nIn this report we present guidance for the development and application of models (e.g., surface area-volume predictive models, hydrology simulation model) to simulate wetland water storage to provide a basis from which to understand and predict the effects of natural or human-induced hydrologic alterations. In developing these approaches, we tried to use simple and widely available input data to simulate wetland hydrology and predict wetland water storage for a specific precipitation event or a series of events. Further, the hydrology simulation model accounted for land use and soil type, which influence surface water inputs to wetlands. Although information presented in this report is specific to the Mustinka subbasin, the approaches ","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071159","usgsCitation":"Gleason, R.A., Tangen, B., Laubhan, M.K., Kermes, K.E., and Euliss, N.H., 2007, Estimating Water Storage Capacity of Existing and Potentially Restorable Wetland Depressions in a Subbasin of the Red River of the North (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1159, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071159.","productDescription":"37 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192468,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9749,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1159/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc999","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gleason, Robert A. 0000-0001-5308-8657 rgleason@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5308-8657","contributorId":2402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gleason","given":"Robert","email":"rgleason@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tangen, Brian A.","contributorId":78419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tangen","given":"Brian A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Laubhan, Murray K.","contributorId":100324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laubhan","given":"Murray","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kermes, Kevin E.","contributorId":104163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kermes","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Euliss, Ned H. Jr. ceuliss@usgs.gov","contributorId":2916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Euliss","given":"Ned","suffix":"Jr.","email":"ceuliss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":80006,"text":"ofr20071160 - 2007 - Fly Ash: From Cradle to Grave","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:23","indexId":"ofr20071160","displayToPublicDate":"2007-06-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1160","title":"Fly Ash: From Cradle to Grave","docAbstract":"The Energy Resources Program of the U.S. Geological Survey promotes and supports coal research to improve the understanding of the coal endowment of the United States. This results in geologically based, non-biased energy information products for policy and decision makers, land and resource managers, other federal and state agencies, the domestic energy industry, foreign governments, nongovernmental groups, academia, and other scientists. A more integrated approach to our coal quality work involves what we call a 'cradle to grave' approach. These types of studies focus not on just one aspect of the coal but rather on how or where different quality parameters form and (or) occur and what happens to them through the mining, production, transport, utilization and waste disposal process. An extensive suite of coal quality analyses, mineralogical, petrology, and leaching investigations are determined on samples taken from the different phases of the coal utilization process. This report consists of a tutorial that was given on June 10, 2007 at the 32nd International Technical Conference on Coal Utilization & Fuel Systems, The Power of Coal, Clearwater Coal Conference in Clearwater, Florida, USA. This tutorial covers how these studies are conducted and the importance of providing improved, comprehensive, science-based data sets for policy and decision makers.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071160","usgsCitation":"Ellis, M.S., and Affolter, R.H., 2007, Fly Ash: From Cradle to Grave (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1160, 81 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071160.","productDescription":"81 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195643,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9747,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1160/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6aeabc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ellis, Margaret S. mellis@usgs.gov","contributorId":198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"Margaret","email":"mellis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":291439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Affolter, Ronald H. affolter@usgs.gov","contributorId":659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Affolter","given":"Ronald","email":"affolter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":165,"text":"Central Energy Resources Team","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":291440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":80001,"text":"ofr20071065 - 2007 - Finding the Exotic Faucet Snail (Bithynia tentaculata): Investigation of Waterbird Die-Offs on the Upper Mississippi River National Wildlife and Fish Refuge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:39","indexId":"ofr20071065","displayToPublicDate":"2007-06-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1065","title":"Finding the Exotic Faucet Snail (Bithynia tentaculata): Investigation of Waterbird Die-Offs on the Upper Mississippi River National Wildlife and Fish Refuge","docAbstract":"Beginning in 2002, there have been major waterbird die-offs every spring and fall in Lake Onalaska (Navigation Pool 7 of the Upper Mississippi River) located near La Crosse, Wisconsin. This area is part of the Upper Mississippi River National Wildlife and Fish Refuge (UMR Refuge) and lies within the Mississippi Flyway, through which an estimated 40 percent of the continent's waterfowl migrate. Through the 2006 spring migration, total mortality on the UMR Refuge was estimated at 22,000 to 26,000 birds, primarily American coots (Fulica americana) and lesser scaup (Aythya affinis). Two trematodes (Sphaeridiotrema globulus and Cyathocotyle bushiensis) that use the exotic faucet snail (Bithynia tentaculata) as an intermediate host were found to infect and kill the waterbirds. The faucet snail was introduced into the United States from Europe in the late 1800s. Because Lake Onalaska is a major spring and fall stop-over area for waterfowl in the Mississippi Flyway, concerns were raised that the snail and trematodes may be spreading to other waterfowl stop-over areas on the river. Exploratory sampling for faucet snails was conducted in 2005 and 2006 in navigation Pools 4-9 (excluding Pool 5a which is located between Pools 5 and 6), 11, and 13. Infected snails were found in all the sampled pools except Pool 6. To our knowledge, these are the first records of faucet snails and associated trematodes beyond those found in Pool 7, Lake Onalaska. Waterbird die-offs are becoming a UMR Refuge-wide problem. Information obtained through research and monitoring, including the identification of the origin of infections in snails and birds and the role various environmental factors have on this process, should help guide managers to develop effective mitigation and control measures.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071065","collaboration":"In cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Upper Mississippi River National Wildlife and Fish Refuge","usgsCitation":"Sauer, J.S., Cole, R.A., and Nissen, J.M., 2007, Finding the Exotic Faucet Snail (Bithynia tentaculata): Investigation of Waterbird Die-Offs on the Upper Mississippi River National Wildlife and Fish Refuge: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1065, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071065.","productDescription":"6 p.","temporalStart":"2004-01-01","temporalEnd":"2005-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192003,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9740,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1065/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fbe4b07f02db5f469c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sauer, Jennifer S. 0000-0002-1563-1425 jsauer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1563-1425","contributorId":609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"Jennifer","email":"jsauer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cole, Rebecca A. 0000-0003-2923-1622 rcole@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2923-1622","contributorId":2873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cole","given":"Rebecca","email":"rcole@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nissen, James M.","contributorId":22050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nissen","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":79996,"text":"ofr20071156 - 2007 - Water Resources of the Basin and Range Carbonate-Rock Aquifer System, White Pine County, Nevada, and Adjacent Areas in Nevada and Utah - Draft Report","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":79996,"text":"ofr20071156 - 2007 - Water Resources of the Basin and Range Carbonate-Rock Aquifer System, White Pine County, Nevada, and Adjacent Areas in Nevada and Utah - Draft Report","indexId":"ofr20071156","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"title":"Water Resources of the Basin and Range Carbonate-Rock Aquifer System, White Pine County, Nevada, and Adjacent Areas in Nevada and Utah - Draft Report"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":80960,"text":"sir20075261 - 2008 - Water Resources of the Basin and Range Carbonate-Rock Aquifer System, White Pine County, Nevada, and Adjacent Areas in Nevada and Utah","indexId":"sir20075261","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"title":"Water Resources of the Basin and Range Carbonate-Rock Aquifer System, White Pine County, Nevada, and Adjacent Areas in Nevada and Utah"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":80960,"text":"sir20075261 - 2008 - Water Resources of the Basin and Range Carbonate-Rock Aquifer System, White Pine County, Nevada, and Adjacent Areas in Nevada and Utah","indexId":"sir20075261","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"title":"Water Resources of the Basin and Range Carbonate-Rock Aquifer System, White Pine County, Nevada, and Adjacent Areas in Nevada and Utah"},"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:40","indexId":"ofr20071156","displayToPublicDate":"2007-06-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1156","title":"Water Resources of the Basin and Range Carbonate-Rock Aquifer System, White Pine County, Nevada, and Adjacent Areas in Nevada and Utah - Draft Report","docAbstract":"Summary of Major Findings\r\n\r\nThis report summarizes results of a water-resources study for White Pine County, Nevada, and adjacent areas in east-central Nevada and western Utah. The Basin and Range carbonate-rock aquifer system (BARCAS) study was initiated in December 2004 through Federal legislation (Section 131 of the Lincoln County Conservation, Recreation, and Development Act of 2004) directing the Secretary of the Interior to complete a water-resources study through the U.S. Geological Survey, Desert Research Institute, and State of Utah. The study was designed as a regional water-resource assessment, with particular emphasis on summarizing the hydrogeologic framework and hydrologic processes that influence ground-water resources.\r\n\r\nThe study area includes 13 hydrographic areas that cover most of White Pine County; in this report however, results for the northern and central parts of Little Smoky Valley were combined and presented as one hydrographic area. Hydrographic areas are the basic geographic units used by the State of Nevada and Utah and local agencies for water-resource planning and management, and are commonly defined on the basis of surface-water drainage areas. Hydrographic areas were further divided into subbasins that are separated by areas where bedrock is at or near the land surface. Subbasins represent subdivisions used in this study for estimating recharge, discharge, and water budget. Hydrographic areas represent the subdivision used for reporting summed and tabulated subbasin estimates.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071156","collaboration":"This report has been superseded by Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5261.  Open-File Report 2007-1156 is no longer available due to changes in the water budget calculations and theresults presented in SIR 2007-5261 are recommended for use.  If you require additional information or access to the original report, please contact the Director, USGS Nevada Water Science Center (dc_nevada@usgs.gov).\r\nPrepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management; This report is based on work by the U.S. Geological Survey, in collaboration with the Desert Research Institute and the State of Utah.","usgsCitation":"Welch, A.H., and Bright, D., 2007, Water Resources of the Basin and Range Carbonate-Rock Aquifer System, White Pine County, Nevada, and Adjacent Areas in Nevada and Utah - Draft Report (Superseded by SIR 2007-5261): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1156, xii, 103 p.; 4 plates; Appendix; Open-File Report 2007-1156 is no longer available due to changes in the water budget calculations and theresults presented in SIR 2007-5261 are recommended for use.  If you require additional information or access to the original report, please contact the Director, USGS Nevada Water Science Center (dc_nevada@usgs.gov)., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071156.","productDescription":"xii, 103 p.; 4 plates; Appendix; Open-File Report 2007-1156 is no longer available due to changes in the water budget calculations and theresults presented in SIR 2007-5261 are recommended for use.  If you require additional information or access to the original report, please contact the Director, USGS Nevada Water Science Center (dc_nevada@usgs.gov).","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190510,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.5,37.5 ], [ -116.5,40.5 ], [ -113,40.5 ], [ -113,37.5 ], [ -116.5,37.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Superseded by SIR 2007-5261","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa3b7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Welch, Alan H.","contributorId":35399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welch","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bright, Daniel J. djbright@usgs.gov","contributorId":1758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bright","given":"Daniel J.","email":"djbright@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":291412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":79992,"text":"ofr20071012 - 2007 - Geologic interpretation and multibeam bathymetry of the sea floor in the vicinity of the Race, eastern Long Island Sound","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-07T23:36:19.984957","indexId":"ofr20071012","displayToPublicDate":"2007-06-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1012","title":"Geologic interpretation and multibeam bathymetry of the sea floor in the vicinity of the Race, eastern Long Island Sound","docAbstract":"<p>Digital terrain models (DTMs) produced from multibeam bathymetric data provide valuable base maps for marine geological interpretations (Todd and others, 1999; Mosher and Thomson, 2002; ten Brink and others, 2004; Poppe and others, 2006a, b, c, d). These maps help define the geological variability of the sea floor (one of the primary controls of benthic habitat diversity), improve our understanding of the processes that control the distribution and transport of bottom sediments and the distribution of benthic habitats and associated infaunal community structures, and provide a detailed framework for future research, monitoring, and management activities.</p><p>The bathymetric survey interpreted herein (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) survey H11250) covers roughly 94 km² of sea floor in an area where a depression along the Orient Point-Fishers Island segment of the Harbor Hill-Roanoke Point-Charlestown Moraine forms the Race, the eastern opening to Long Island Sound. The Race also divides easternmost Long Island Sound from northwestern Block Island Sound (fig. 1). This bathymetry has been examined in relation to seismic reflection data collected concurrently, as well as archived seismic profiles acquired as part of a long-standing geologic mapping partnership between the State of Connecticut and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). The objective of this work was to use these acoustic data sets to interpret geomorphological attributes of the sea floor, and to use these interpretations to better understand the Quaternary geologic history and modern sedimentary processes.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071012","usgsCitation":"Poppe, L., DiGiacomo-Cohen, M., Doran, E.F., Smith, S.M., Stewart, H., and Forfinski, N., 2007, Geologic interpretation and multibeam bathymetry of the sea floor in the vicinity of the Race, eastern Long Island Sound: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1012, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071012.","productDescription":"HTML Document","costCenters":[{"id":680,"text":"Woods Hole Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192218,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1012/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":9731,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1012/index.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut;New York","otherGeospatial":"Long Island Sound;Race","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -73.5,41.0 ], [ -73.5,41.5 ], [ -72.0,41.5 ], [ -72.0,41.0 ], [ -73.5,41.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","contact":"<p><a href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/contact\" data-mce-href=\"../contact\">Contact Pubs Warehouse</a></p>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a8680","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poppe, L.J.","contributorId":72782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poppe","given":"L.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DiGiacomo-Cohen, M. L.","contributorId":55465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DiGiacomo-Cohen","given":"M. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Doran, E. F.","contributorId":31066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doran","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, S. M.","contributorId":27859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stewart, H.F.","contributorId":83620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"H.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Forfinski, N.A.","contributorId":13702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Forfinski","given":"N.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":79989,"text":"ofr20071164 - 2007 - Flood of July 27-31, 2006, on the Grand River near Painesville, Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:19","indexId":"ofr20071164","displayToPublicDate":"2007-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1164","title":"Flood of July 27-31, 2006, on the Grand River near Painesville, Ohio","docAbstract":"Two separate weather systems produced storms resulting in more than 11 inches of rain in parts of Lake County, Ohio, on July 27-28, 2006. As a result of the storms and ensuing flooding caused by the weather systems, the counties of Lake, Geauga, and Ashtabula were declared Federal and State disaster areas, with damages estimated at $30 million and one fatality in Lake County. About 600 people were evacuated in Lake County. The U.S. Geological Survey streamflow-gaging station at Grand River near Painesville, Ohio (station 04212100), had a record peak stage of 19.35 feet (elevation, 614.94 feet), with a record peak streamflow of 35,000 cubic feet per second, and an estimated recurrence interval of approximately 500 years.\r\n\r\nThis report describes the meteorological factors that resulted in severe flooding on the Grand River near Painesville from July 27 to July 31, 2006, and addresses the damages caused by the storms and flooding. Peak-stage, peak-streamflow, and recurrence-interval data are reported for the Grand River near Painesville. A plot of high-water marks is also presented for the Grand River in a reach that includes the City of Painesville, Painesville Township, the Village of Fairport Harbor, and the Village of Grand River.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071164","collaboration":"In cooperation with the Federal Emergency Management Agency","usgsCitation":"Ebner, A.D., Sherwood, J.M., Astifan, B., and Lombardy, K., 2007, Flood of July 27-31, 2006, on the Grand River near Painesville, Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1164, vi, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071164.","productDescription":"vi, 17 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2006-07-27","temporalEnd":"2006-07-31","costCenters":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193192,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9728,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1164/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e0e4b07f02db5e3e5d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ebner, Andrew D. aebner@usgs.gov","contributorId":1849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ebner","given":"Andrew","email":"aebner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":291393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sherwood, James M.","contributorId":106878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherwood","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Astifan, Brian","contributorId":42309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Astifan","given":"Brian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lombardy, Kirk","contributorId":102586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lombardy","given":"Kirk","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":79988,"text":"ofr20071113 - 2007 - Selenium concentrations in irrigation drain inflows to the Salton Sea, California, October 2006 and January 2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-22T15:51:51","indexId":"ofr20071113","displayToPublicDate":"2007-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1113","title":"Selenium concentrations in irrigation drain inflows to the Salton Sea, California, October 2006 and January 2007","docAbstract":"<p><span>This report presents raw data on selenium concentrations in samples of water, sediment, detritus, and selected food-chain matrices collected from selected agricultural drains in the southern portion of the Salton Sea during October 2006 and January 2007. Total selenium and selenium species were determined in water samples, whereas total selenium was determined in sediment, detritus, algae, plankton, midge larvae (Family Chironomidae), and two fish species (western mosquitofish, </span><i>Gambusia affinis</i><span>, and sailfin molly, </span><i>Poecilia latipinna</i><span>).</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071113","usgsCitation":"May, T.W., Walther, M.W., and Brumbaugh, W.G., 2007, Selenium concentrations in irrigation drain inflows to the Salton Sea, California, October 2006 and January 2007: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1113, iv, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071113.","productDescription":"iv, 19 p.","temporalStart":"2006-10-01","temporalEnd":"2007-01-31","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194441,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":341545,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1113/pdf/OFR2007-1113.pdf","text":"Report","size":"181 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":9727,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1113/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a00e4b07f02db5f7d8a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"May, Thomas W. tmay@usgs.gov","contributorId":2598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"Thomas","email":"tmay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":291391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walther, Mike W.","contributorId":63493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walther","given":"Mike","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brumbaugh, William G. 0000-0003-0081-375X bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0081-375X","contributorId":493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brumbaugh","given":"William","email":"bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":79990,"text":"ofr20071157 - 2007 - Water Use in Wetland Kalo Cultivation in Hawai`i","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:21","indexId":"ofr20071157","displayToPublicDate":"2007-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1157","title":"Water Use in Wetland Kalo Cultivation in Hawai`i","docAbstract":"Ten cultivation areas (8 windward, 2 leeward) were selected for a kalo water-use study, primarily on the basis of the diversity of environmental and agricultural conditions under which wetland kalo is grown and landowner permission and availability. Flow and water-temperature data were collected at the lo`i complex level and at the individual lo`i level. To ensure that flow and temperature data collected at different lo`i reflect similar irrigation conditions (continuous flooding of the mature crop), only lo`i with crops near the harvesting stage were selected for water-temperature data collection. The water need for kalo cultivation varies depending on the crop stage. In this study, data were collected during the dry season (June-October), when water requirements for cooling kalo approach upper limits. Flow measurements generally were made during the warmest part of the day, and temperature measurements were made every 15 minutes at each site for about a two-month period.\r\n\r\nFlow and temperature data were collected from kalo cultivation areas on four islands - Kaua`i, O`ahu, Maui, and Hawai`i. The average inflow value for the 19 lo`i complexes measured in this study is 260,000 gallons per acre per day, and the median inflow value is 150,000 gallons per acre per day. The average inflow value for the 17 windward sites is 270,000 gallons per acre per day, and the median inflow value is 150,000 gallons per acre per day. The average inflow value for the two leeward sites is 150,000 gallons per acre per day. The average inflow value measured for six individual lo`i is 350,000 gallons per acre per day, and the median inflow value is 270,000 gallons per acre per day. The average inflow value for the five windward lo`i is 370,000 gallons per acre per day, and the median inflow value is 320,000 gallons per acre per day. The inflow value for the one leeward lo`i is 210,000 gallons per acre per day. These inflow values are consistent with previously reported values for inflow and are significantly higher than values generally estimated for water consumption during kalo cultivation. These measurements of inflow are important for future considerations of water-use requirements for successful kalo cultivation.\r\n\r\nOf the 17 lo`i complexes where water inflow temperature was measured, only 3 had inflow temperatures that rose above 27 ?C, the threshold temperature above which wetland kalo is more susceptible to fungi and associated rotting diseases. The coldest mean inflow temperature was 20.0 ?C and the warmest inflow temperature was 24.9 ?C. All 15 of the sites where outflow temperatures were measured had some temperatures greater than 27 ?C. Outflow temperatures exceeded 27 ?C between 2.5 percent and about 40 percent of the time. Mean outflow temperatures ranged from 23.0 ?C to 26.7 ?C.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071157","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Office of Hawaiian Affairs, State of Hawai`i","usgsCitation":"Gingerich, S.B., Yeung, C.W., Ibarra, T.N., and Engott, J.A., 2007, Water Use in Wetland Kalo Cultivation in Hawai`i (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1157, vi, 67 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071157.","productDescription":"vi, 67 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190652,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9729,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1157/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -160,20 ], [ -160,22.5 ], [ -155.5,22.5 ], [ -155.5,20 ], [ -160,20 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4805e4b07f02db4cf40e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gingerich, Stephen B. 0000-0002-4381-0746 sbginger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4381-0746","contributorId":1426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gingerich","given":"Stephen","email":"sbginger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yeung, Chiu W. cwyeung@usgs.gov","contributorId":2967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yeung","given":"Chiu","email":"cwyeung@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":291399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ibarra, Tracy-Joy N.","contributorId":42662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ibarra","given":"Tracy-Joy","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Engott, John A. 0000-0003-1889-4519 jaengott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1889-4519","contributorId":1142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engott","given":"John","email":"jaengott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":79984,"text":"ofr20071137 - 2007 - Preliminary Earthquake Hazard Map of Afghanistan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:22","indexId":"ofr20071137","displayToPublicDate":"2007-05-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1137","title":"Preliminary Earthquake Hazard Map of Afghanistan","docAbstract":"Introduction\r\n\r\nEarthquakes represent a serious threat to the people and institutions of Afghanistan. As part of a United States Agency for International Development (USAID) effort to assess the resource potential and seismic hazards of Afghanistan, the Seismic Hazard Mapping group of the United States Geological Survey (USGS) has prepared a series of probabilistic seismic hazard maps that help quantify the expected frequency and strength of ground shaking nationwide. To construct the maps, we do a complete hazard analysis for each of ~35,000 sites in the study area. We use a probabilistic methodology that accounts for all potential seismic sources and their rates of earthquake activity, and we incorporate modeling uncertainty by using logic trees for source and ground-motion parameters. See the Appendix for an explanation of probabilistic seismic hazard analysis and discussion of seismic risk.\r\n\r\nAfghanistan occupies a southward-projecting, relatively stable promontory of the Eurasian tectonic plate (Ambraseys and Bilham, 2003; Wheeler and others, 2005). Active plate boundaries, however, surround Afghanistan on the west, south, and east. To the west, the Arabian plate moves northward relative to Eurasia at about 3 cm/yr. The active plate boundary trends northwestward through the Zagros region of southwestern Iran. Deformation is accommodated throughout the territory of Iran; major structures include several north-south-trending, right-lateral strike-slip fault systems in the east and, farther to the north, a series of east-west-trending reverse- and strike-slip faults. This deformation apparently does not cross the border into relatively stable western Afghanistan. In the east, the Indian plate moves northward relative to Eurasia at a rate of about 4 cm/yr. A broad, transpressional plate-boundary zone extends into eastern Afghanistan, trending southwestward from the Hindu Kush in northeast Afghanistan, through Kabul, and along the Afghanistan-Pakistan border. Deformation here is expressed as a belt of major, north-northeast-trending, left-lateral strike-slip faults and abundant seismicity. The seismicity intensifies farther to the northeast and includes a prominent zone of deep earthquakes associated with northward subduction of the Indian plate beneath Eurasia that extends beneath the Hindu Kush and Pamirs Mountains.\r\n\r\nProduction of the seismic hazard maps is challenging because the geological and seismological data required to produce a seismic hazard model are limited. The data that are available for this project include historical seismicity and poorly constrained slip rates on only a few of the many active faults in the country. Much of the hazard is derived from a new catalog of historical earthquakes: from 1964 to the present, with magnitude equal to or greater than about 4.5, and with depth between 0 and 250 kilometers. We also include four specific faults in the model: the Chaman fault with an assigned slip rate of 10 mm/yr, the Central Badakhshan fault with an assigned slip rate of 12 mm/yr, the Darvaz fault with an assigned slip rate of 7 mm/yr, and the Hari Rud fault with an assigned slip rate of 2 mm/yr. For these faults and for shallow seismicity less than 50 km deep, we incorporate published ground-motion estimates from tectonically active regions of western North America, Europe, and the Middle East. Ground-motion estimates for deeper seismicity are derived from data in subduction environments. We apply estimates derived for tectonic regions where subduction is the main tectonic process for intermediate-depth seismicity between 50- and 250-km depth.\r\n\r\nWithin the framework of these limitations, we have developed a preliminary probabilistic seismic-hazard assessment of Afghanistan, the type of analysis that underpins the seismic components of modern building codes in the United States. The assessment includes maps of estimated peak ground-acceleration (PGA), 0.2-second spectral acceleration (SA), and 1.0-secon","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071137","collaboration":"Prepared under the auspices of the U.S. Agency for International Development","usgsCitation":"Boyd, O.S., Mueller, C.S., and Rukstales, K.S., 2007, Preliminary Earthquake Hazard Map of Afghanistan (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1137, iv, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071137.","productDescription":"iv, 25 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194832,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9720,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1137/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c687","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boyd, Oliver S. olboyd@usgs.gov","contributorId":956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyd","given":"Oliver","email":"olboyd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":291381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mueller, Charles S. 0000-0002-1868-9710 cmueller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1868-9710","contributorId":955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mueller","given":"Charles","email":"cmueller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":291380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rukstales, Kenneth S. 0000-0003-2818-078X rukstales@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2818-078X","contributorId":775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rukstales","given":"Kenneth","email":"rukstales@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":79985,"text":"ofr20071147 - 2007 - Reducing loss of life and property from disasters: A societal benefit area of the strategic plan for U.S. Integrated Earth Observation System (IEOS)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-03T11:18:50.428522","indexId":"ofr20071147","displayToPublicDate":"2007-05-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1147","title":"Reducing loss of life and property from disasters: A societal benefit area of the strategic plan for U.S. Integrated Earth Observation System (IEOS)","docAbstract":"Natural and technological disasters, such as hurricanes and other extreme weather events, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, landslides and debris flows, wildland and urban-interface fires, floods, oil spills, and space-weather storms, impose a significant burden on society. Throughout the United States, disasters inflict many injuries and deaths, and cost the nation $20 billion each year (SDR, 2003). Disasters in other countries can affect U.S. assets and interests overseas (e.g. the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo in the Philippines, which effectively destroyed Clark Air Force Base). Also, because they have a disproportionate impact on developing countries, disasters are major barriers to sustainable development. Improving our ability to assess, predict, monitor, and respond to hazardous events is a key factor in reducing the occurrence and severity of disasters, and relies heavily on the use of information from well-designed and integrated Earth observation systems. To fully realize the benefits gained from the observation systems, the information derived must be disseminated through effective warning systems and networks, with products tailored to the needs of the end users and the general public.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071147","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Earth Observations Task Group of the Subcommittee for Disaster Reduction","usgsCitation":"Helz, R.L., and Gaynor, J.E., 2007, Reducing loss of life and property from disasters: A societal benefit area of the strategic plan for U.S. Integrated Earth Observation System (IEOS): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1147, 65 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071147.","productDescription":"65 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194428,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9721,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1147/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae017","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Helz, Rosalind L. 0000-0003-1550-0684 rhelz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1550-0684","contributorId":1952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helz","given":"Rosalind","email":"rhelz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gaynor, John E.","contributorId":99652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaynor","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":79972,"text":"ofr20071089 - 2007 - Geologic map of the State of Hawai`i","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-19T19:16:47.213764","indexId":"ofr20071089","displayToPublicDate":"2007-05-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1089","title":"Geologic map of the State of Hawai`i","docAbstract":"<p>The State's geology is presented on eight full-color map sheets, one for each of the major islands. These map sheets, the illustrative meat of the publication, can be downloaded in pdf format, ready to print. Map scale is 1:100,000 for most of the islands, so that each map is about 27 inches by 36 inches. The Island of Hawai`i, largest of the islands, is depicted at a smaller scale, 1:250,000, so that it, too, can be shown on 36-inch-wide paper. The new publication isn't limited strictly to its map depictions. Twenty years have passed since David Clague and Brent Dalrymple published a comprehensive report that summarized the geology of all the islands, and it has been even longer since the last edition of Gordon Macdonald's book, Islands in the Sea, was revised. Therefore the new statewide geologic map includes an 83-page explanatory pamphlet that revisits many of the concepts that have evolved in our geologic understanding of the eight main islands. The pamphlet includes simplified page-size geologic maps for each island, summaries of all the radiometric ages that have been gathered since about 1960, generalized depictions of geochemical analyses for each volcano's eruptive stages, and discussion of some outstanding topics that remain controversial or deserving of additional research. The pamphlet also contains a complete description of map units, which enumerates the characteristics for each of the state's many stratigraphic formations shown on the map sheets. Since the late 1980s, the audience for geologic maps has grown as desktop computers and map-based software have become increasingly powerful. Those who prefer the convenience and access offered by Geographic Information Systems (GIS) can also feast on this publication. An electronic database, suitable for most GIS software applications, is available for downloading. The GIS database is in an Earth projection widely employed throughout the State of Hawai`i, using the North American datum of 1983 and the Universal Transverse Mercator system projection to zone 4. 'This digital statewide map allows engineers, consultants, and scientists from many different fields to take advantage of the geologic database,' said John Sinton, a geology professor at the University of Hawai`i, whose new mapping of the Wai`anae Range (West O`ahu) appears on the map. Indeed, when a testing version was first made available, most requests came from biologists, archaeologists, and soil scientists interested in applying the map's GIS database to their ongoing investigations. Another area newly depicted on the map, in addition to the Wai`anae Range, is Haleakala volcano, East Maui. So too for the active lava flows of Kilauea volcano, Island of Hawai`i, where the landscape has continued to evolve in the ten years since publication of the Big Island's revised geologic map. For the other islands, much of the map is compiled from mapping published in the 1930-1960s. This reliance stems partly from shortage of funding to undertake entirely new mapping but is warranted by the exemplary mapping of those early experts. The boundaries of all map units are digitized to show correctly on modern topographic maps.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071089","usgsCitation":"Sherrod, D.R., Sinton, J.M., Watkins, S.E., and Brunt, K., 2007, Geologic map of the State of Hawai`i (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1089, Report: ii, 83 p.; 8 Plates: 44.75 × 26.93 inches or smaller; ReadMe; Data Files, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071089.","productDescription":"Report: ii, 83 p.; 8 Plates: 44.75 × 26.93 inches or smaller; ReadMe; Data Files","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":110727,"rank":700,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_81276.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"81276"},{"id":110728,"rank":700,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index 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,{"id":79974,"text":"ofr20071083 - 2007 - Bacteria and emerging chemical contaminants in the St. Clair River/Lake St. Clair Basin, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-22T15:47:50","indexId":"ofr20071083","displayToPublicDate":"2007-05-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1083","title":"Bacteria and emerging chemical contaminants in the St. Clair River/Lake St. Clair Basin, Michigan","docAbstract":"<p>Introduction Since the enactment of the Clean Water Act in 1972, awareness of the quality of the Nation's water has continued to improve. Despite improvements to wastewater-treatment systems and increased regulation on waste discharge, bacterial and chemical contamination is still a problem for many rivers and lakes throughout the United States. Pathogenic microorganism and newly recognized chemical contaminants have been found in waters that are used for drinking water and recreation (Rose and Grimes, 2001; Kolpin and others, 2002). </p><p>This summary of bacteria and emerging-chemical-contaminant monitoring in the St. Clair River/Lake St. Clair Basin (fig. 1) was initiated by the Lake St. Clair Regional Monitoring Project (LSCRMP) in 2003, in cooperation with the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ), the Counties of Macomb, Oakland, St. Clair, and Wayne, and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071083","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Lake St. Clair Regional Monitoring Project , Michigan Department of Environmental Quality, and Macomb, Oakland, St. Clair, and Wayne Counties","usgsCitation":"Fogarty, L., 2007, Bacteria and emerging chemical contaminants in the St. Clair River/Lake St. Clair Basin, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1083, iv, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071083.","productDescription":"iv, 10 p.","temporalStart":"2000-01-01","temporalEnd":"2005-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194440,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20071083.JPG"},{"id":9696,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1083/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","otherGeospatial":"Lake St. Clair Basin, St. Clair River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -83.5,\n              42\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.5,\n              43.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -82,\n              43.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -82,\n              42\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.5,\n              42\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64ac91","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fogarty, Lisa R.","contributorId":74074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fogarty","given":"Lisa R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":79971,"text":"ofr20071100 - 2007 - Environmental Assessment of the Muscatatuck Urban Training Center near Butlerville, Indiana, October and November 2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-22T11:09:15","indexId":"ofr20071100","displayToPublicDate":"2007-05-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1100","title":"Environmental Assessment of the Muscatatuck Urban Training Center near Butlerville, Indiana, October and November 2005","docAbstract":"<p>An environmental assessment of the Muscatatuck Urban Training Center near Butlerville in Jennings County, Indiana, was completed during October and November 2005. As part of the Department of Defense Earth Science Program, the U.S. Geological Survey collected information about environmental conditions at the 825-acre former State of Indiana mental health facility prior to its conversion by the Indiana National Guard into an urban training center. The assessment was designed to investigate the type and extent of potential contamination associated with historical activities in selected areas of the facility.</p>\n<p>Samples of surface water, ground water, surface soil, and buried sediment were collected for the assessment in seven geographic study areas. Surface-water samples were collected from flowing and pooled surface water, as well as seeps and springs where ground water discharged at the land surface. Ground-water samples were collected from temporary wells installed in boreholes drilled to bedrock. Surface-soil samples were collected near sites of possible contamination. Buried-sediment samples were taken from core material collected near the top of bedrock at depths of 6.4 to 26 feet. For the assessment, 59 environmental, 22 quality-assurance, and 46 laboratory-blank samples were analyzed for as many as 65 volatile organic compounds, 62 semivolatile organic compounds, 20 trace elements, 10 inorganic cations and anions, 3 nutrients, and 4 water-quality characteristics.</p>\n<p>Concentrations of constituents detected in these samples were compared with regulatory standards (the Indiana Surface-Water-Quality Standards and Indiana Ground-Water-Quality Standards) and guidance criteria from the Indiana Department of Environmental Management's Risk Integrated System of Closures for contaminated soil and ground water. Standards or criteria were exceeded by 17 constituent concentrations in 11 environmental samples from 5 of the 7 geographic study areas. Standards or criteria were exceeded for 10 constituents: ammonia, arsenic, benzo(a)pyrene, beryllium, chloride, chloroform, copper, lead, sulfate, and zinc.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071100","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Indiana Army National Guard","usgsCitation":"Risch, M.R., Ulberg, A.L., and Robinson, B.A., 2007, Environmental Assessment of the Muscatatuck Urban Training Center near Butlerville, Indiana, October and November 2005: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1100, vi, 76 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071100.","productDescription":"vi, 76 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"76","numberOfPages":"86","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2005-10-01","temporalEnd":"2005-11-30","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194680,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9693,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1100/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","city":"Butlerville","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -85.53333333333333,39.03333333333333 ], [ -85.53333333333333,39.05 ], [ -85.51666666666667,39.05 ], [ -85.51666666666667,39.03333333333333 ], [ -85.53333333333333,39.03333333333333 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64aa09","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Risch, Martin R. 0000-0002-7908-7887 mrrisch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7908-7887","contributorId":2118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Risch","given":"Martin","email":"mrrisch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ulberg, Amanda L.","contributorId":65186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ulberg","given":"Amanda","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Robinson, Bret A. barobins@usgs.gov","contributorId":3897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"Bret","email":"barobins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":291336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":79967,"text":"ofr20071151 - 2007 - Investigation of wind and water level for the Giacomini Wetland Restoration Project, Point Reyes National Seashore","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-22T13:59:33","indexId":"ofr20071151","displayToPublicDate":"2007-05-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1151","title":"Investigation of wind and water level for the Giacomini Wetland Restoration Project, Point Reyes National Seashore","docAbstract":"<p>Point Reyes National Seashore (PRNS), comprising unique elements of geological, biological, and historical interest, is located on the central California coast approximately 60 km northwest of San Francisco. The National Seashore contains nearly 130 km of exposed and protected shorelines, spectacular coastal cliffs and headlands, lagoons, open grasslands, bushy hillsides, and forested ridges. Approximately 30 km of the shoreline are coastal-dune habitat that supports 11 federally listed species, including the threatened western snowy plover and the endangered plants Tidestrom's lupine (<i>Lupinus tidestromii</i>) and beach layia (<i>Layia carnosa</i>). The San Andreas Fault, a right-lateral strike-slip fault, trends northwest along the northeastern side of the park.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Tomales Bay, which is straight, long, narrow, and shallow, runs along the northeastern boundary of PRNS. The Bay, which fills the northwestern end of a rift valley at the intersection of the San Andreas Fault with the coastline, is approximately 20 km long, 2 km wide, and 6 m deep with mountainous terrain to the southwest and rolling hills to the northeast. Tomales Bay is one of the cleanest estuaries on the West Coast. In winter, approximately 17,000 to 20,000 shorebirds inhabit Tomales Bay and Bodega Bay, which lies directly to the north.</p>\n<br>\n<p>At the head of Tomales Bay, the Giacomini Ranch comprises 563 acres of pastureland currently being used for grazing dairy cattle. After more than 50 years of operation as a dairy, the National Park Service acquired the Giacomini property with the intention to restore most of it and the nearby Olema Marsh to tidal wetland. Restoration will add approximately 4% to the existing coastal wetlands in California. The project will return the headwaters of Tomales Bay and two major stream intersections to an intertidal marsh environment, enhancing habitat for both wildlife and fish populations and contributing to the long-term health of Tomales Bay.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Prior to the establishment of the ranch, the area was primarily salt marsh that formed as the delta of Lagunitas Creek expanded into Tomales Bay. In converting the salt marsh to dairy land, levees and tide gates were constructed to prevent tidal incursion and stream flooding. Those levees have significantly altered the patterns of estuarine circulation and sediment deposition. To restore natural hydrologic processes within the area and to promote the return of ecological functions and processes, the levees will have to be breached or removed.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Developing a successful restoration strategy requires knowledge of elevations within the pastureland and the range of water depths that can be expected from tidal, river, and wind action. In support of the restoration program, the USGS provides technical assistance to PRNS in the form of a scientific study focusing on understanding the physical processes that could affect the Giacomini wetland restoration. The study will yield scientific products that NPS resource managers can use in designing and implementing the restoration project. Research elements include:</p>\n<br>\n<p>- Develop a Geodetic Control Network (GCN) throughout PRNS that meets the standards specified National Geodetic Survey data base (the NGS \"Bluebook\"). The grid will allow this and future studies to be conducted to a precision commensurate with the expressed goals of PRNS. The survey will consist of three steps: (1) verify existing GPS control monuments in the area; (2) tie control monuments in the study areas to the GPS control monuments; and (3) establish NAVD88 elevations using a digital electronic level.</p> \n<p>- Conduct a detailed survey of the Giacomini site to produce an accurate topographic map of the property. The site survey can be coupled with on-site water-level measurements to produce an empirical flooding model.</p> \n<p>- Measure water level and wind regime at the Giacomini site. The water-level range is critical to determining the wetland types based on the elevation of the dairy land. Water level at Sacramento Landing, in central Tomales Bay, will also be measured for comparison.</p>\n<br>\n<p>As of November 2005, we have created a GCN, produced a detailed topographic map of the Giacomini site, and collected approximately three years of water-level and wind data at the Giacomini site and over one year of usable water-level data at the Sacramento Landing pier.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071151","collaboration":"In cooperation with National Park Service, Point Reyes National Seashore","usgsCitation":"Dingler, J.R., and Anima, R.J., 2007, Investigation of wind and water level for the Giacomini Wetland Restoration Project, Point Reyes National Seashore (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1151, iv, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071151.","productDescription":"iv, 12 p.","numberOfPages":"31","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":645,"text":"Western Coastal and Marine Geology","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":191002,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20071151.PNG"},{"id":9689,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1151/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":292892,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1151/of2007-1151.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Point Reyes National Seashore","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -123.028633,37.896415 ], [ -123.028633,38.244664 ], [ -122.701214,38.244664 ], [ -122.701214,37.896415 ], [ -123.028633,37.896415 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4888e4b07f02db51a6a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dingler, John R.","contributorId":55795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dingler","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anima, Roberto J.","contributorId":32499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anima","given":"Roberto","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":79968,"text":"ofr20071066 - 2007 - Ground-Water Quality in the St. Lawrence River Basin, New York, 2005-06","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:21","indexId":"ofr20071066","displayToPublicDate":"2007-05-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1066","title":"Ground-Water Quality in the St. Lawrence River Basin, New York, 2005-06","docAbstract":"The Federal Clean Water Act requires that States monitor and report on the quality of ground water and surface water. To satisfy part of these requirements, the U.S. Geological Survey and New York State Department of Environmental Conservation have developed a program in which ground-water quality is assessed in 2 to 3 of New York State's 14 major river basins each year. To characterize the quality of ground water in the St. Lawrence River Basin in northern New York, water samples were collected from 14 domestic and 11 production wells between August 2005 and January 2006. Eight of the wells were finished in sand and gravel and 17 wells were finished in bedrock. Ground-water samples were collected and processed using standard U.S. Geological Survey procedures and were analyzed for 229 constituents and physical properties, including inorganic constituents, nutrients, trace elements, radon-222, pesticides and pesticide degradates, volatile organic compounds, and bacteria.\r\n\r\nSixty-six constituents were detected above laboratory reporting levels. Concentrations of most compounds at most sites were within drinking water standards established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and New York State Department of Health, but a few compounds exceeded drinking water standards at some sites. Water in the basin is generally hard to very hard (hardness equal to 121 mg/L as CaCO3 or greater); hardness and alkalinity were generally higher in the St. Lawrence Valley than in the Adirondack Mountains. The cation with the highest median concentration was calcium; the anion with the highest median concentration was bicarbonate. The concentration of chloride in one sample exceeded the 250 milligrams per liter U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Secondary Drinking Water Standard; the concentration of sulfate in one sample also exceeded the 250 milligrams per liter U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Secondary Drinking Water Standard. Nitrate was the predominant nutrient detected but no sample exceeded the 10 mg/L U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Maximum Contaminant Level. The trace elements detected with the highest median concentrations were strontium, barium, and iron. Concentration of trace elements in several samples exceeded U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Secondary Drinking Water Standards, including aluminum (50 micrograms per liter, 4 samples), iron (300 micrograms per liter, 5 samples), and manganese (50 micrograms per liter, 4 samples). The concentration of uranium in one sample from a domestic well finished in crystalline bedrock was three times the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Maximum Contaminant Level of 30 micrograms per liter.\r\n\r\nThe median concentration of radon-222 was 600 picoCuries per liter, but concentrations as high as 18,800 picoCuries per liter were detected; two wells with high radon concentrations also had high uranium concentrations. Radon-222 is not currently regulated, but the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has proposed a Maximum Contaminant Level of 300 picoCuries per liter along with an Alternative Maximum Contaminant Level of 4,000 picoCuries per liter, to be in effect in states that have programs to address radon in indoor air. Concentrations of radon-222 exceeded the proposed Maximum Contaminant Level in 60 percent of samples and exceeded the proposed Alternative Maximum Contaminant Level in 8 percent of samples. Six pesticides and pesticide degradates were detected; all were amide or triazine herbicides or degradates. Five volatile organic compounds were detected, including disinfection byproducts such as trichloromethane and gasoline components or additives such as methyl tert-butyl ether. No pesticides, pesticide degradates, or volatile organic compounds were detected above established limits. Coliform bacteria, including Escherichia coli, were detected in three wells finished in carbonate bedrock.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071066","collaboration":"In cooperation with New York State Department of Environmental Conservation","usgsCitation":"Nystrom, E.A., 2007, Ground-Water Quality in the St. Lawrence River Basin, New York, 2005-06: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1066, v, 33 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071066.","productDescription":"v, 33 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2005-08-01","temporalEnd":"2006-01-31","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190933,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9690,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1066/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d4ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nystrom, Elizabeth A. 0000-0002-0886-3439 nystrom@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0886-3439","contributorId":1072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nystrom","given":"Elizabeth","email":"nystrom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":79969,"text":"ofr20071098 - 2007 - Ground-Water Quality in the Delaware River Basin, New York, 2001 and 2005-2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:24","indexId":"ofr20071098","displayToPublicDate":"2007-05-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1098","title":"Ground-Water Quality in the Delaware River Basin, New York, 2001 and 2005-2006","docAbstract":"The Federal Clean Water Act Amendments of 1977 require that States monitor and report on the quality of ground water and surface water. To satisfy part of these requirements, the U.S. Geological Survey and New York State Department of Environmental Conservation have developed a program in which ground-water quality is assessed in 2 to 3 of New York State's 14 major basins each year. To characterize the quality of ground water in the Delaware River Basin in New York, water samples were collected from December 2005 to February 2006 from 10 wells finished in bedrock. Data from 9 samples collected from wells finished in sand and gravel in July and August 2001 for the National Water Quality Assessment Program also are included. Ground-water samples were collected and processed using standard U.S. Geological Survey procedures. Samples were analyzed for more than 230 properties and compounds, including physical properties, major ions, nutrients, trace elements, radon-222, pesticides and pesticide degradates, volatile organic compounds, and bacteria.\r\n\r\nConcentrations of most compounds were less than drinking-water standards established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and New York State Department of Health; many of the organic analytes were not detected in any sample. Drinking-water standards that were exceeded at some sites include those for color, turbidity, pH, aluminum, arsenic, iron, manganese, radon-222, and bacteria. pH ranged from 5.6 to 8.3; the pH of nine samples was less than the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency secondary drinking-water standard range of 6.5 to 8.5. Water in the basin is generally soft to moderately hard (hardness 120 milligrams per liter as CaCO3 or less). The cation with the highest median concentration was calcium; the anion with the highest median concentrations was bicarbonate. Nitrate was the predominant nutrient detected but no sample exceeded the 10 mg/L U.S. Environmental Protection Agency maximum contaminant level. The trace elements detected with the highest median concentrations were strontium and iron in unfiltered water and strontium and barium in filtered water. Concentrations of trace elements in several samples exceeded U.S. Environmental Protection Agency secondary drinking-water standards, including aluminum (50-200 micrograms per liter, three wells), arsenic (10 micrograms per liter, one well), iron (300 micrograms per liter, three wells), and manganese (50 micrograms per liter, four wells).\r\n\r\nThe median concentration of radon-222 was 1,580 picoCuries per liter. Radon-222 is not currently regulated, but the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has proposed a maximum contaminant level of 300 picoCuries per liter along with an alternative maximum contaminant level of 4,000 picoCuries per liter, to be in effect in states that have programs to address radon in indoor air. Concentrations of radon-222 exceeded the proposed maximum contaminant level in all 19 of the samples and exceeded the proposed alternative maximum contaminant level in 1 sample. Eleven pesticides and pesticide degradates were detected in samples from ten wells; all were herbicides or herbicide degradates. Three volatile organic compounds were detected, including disinfection byproducts such as trichloromethane and gasoline components or additives such as methyl tert-butyl ether. No pesticides, pesticide degradates, or volatile organic compounds were detected above established limits. Coliform bacteria were detected in samples from five wells, four of which were finished in sand and gravel; Escherichia coli was not detected in any sample.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071098","collaboration":"In cooperation with New York State Department of Environmental Conservation","usgsCitation":"Nystrom, E.A., 2007, Ground-Water Quality in the Delaware River Basin, New York, 2001 and 2005-2006: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1098, v, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071098.","productDescription":"v, 37 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2001-07-01","temporalEnd":"2006-02-28","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194406,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9691,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1098/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d4f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nystrom, Elizabeth A. 0000-0002-0886-3439 nystrom@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0886-3439","contributorId":1072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nystrom","given":"Elizabeth","email":"nystrom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":79964,"text":"ofr20071153 - 2007 - Physical and Chemical Data from Eolian Sediment Collected Along a Transect from the Mojave Desert to the Colorado Plateau","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:12","indexId":"ofr20071153","displayToPublicDate":"2007-05-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1153","title":"Physical and Chemical Data from Eolian Sediment Collected Along a Transect from the Mojave Desert to the Colorado Plateau","docAbstract":"This report presents data and describes the methodology for magnetic, geochemical, and textural measurements of sediment and bedrock samples collected along a transect across the Southwestern United States (fig. 1).\r\n\r\nThe results presented here support a study that examines compositional variations of mineral dust deposited during the past few centuries in isolated natural traps spanning a region from the Mojave Desert of southern California to the central Colorado Plateau (Goldstein and others, in press; fig. 1). In particular, the study addresses the spatial and temporal variations in dust composition in the context of landscape geochemistry over a large area of the southwestern United States.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071153","usgsCitation":"Goldstein, H., Reynolds, R.L., Reheis, M., Yount, J., and Lamothe, P.J., 2007, Physical and Chemical Data from Eolian Sediment Collected Along a Transect from the Mojave Desert to the Colorado Plateau (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1153, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071153.","productDescription":"29 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190961,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9686,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1153/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4895e4b07f02db5228f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goldstein, Harland L.","contributorId":32999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldstein","given":"Harland L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reynolds, Richard L. 0000-0002-4572-2942 rreynolds@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4572-2942","contributorId":441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Richard","email":"rreynolds@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":271,"text":"Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reheis, Marith C. 0000-0002-8359-323X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8359-323X","contributorId":101244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reheis","given":"Marith C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yount, James C.","contributorId":39341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yount","given":"James C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lamothe, Paul J. plamothe@usgs.gov","contributorId":1298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamothe","given":"Paul","email":"plamothe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":291318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":79960,"text":"ofr20071142 - 2007 - Log ASCII Standard (LAS) Files for Geophysical Wireline Well Logs and Their Application to Geologic Cross Sections Through the Central Appalachian Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:56","indexId":"ofr20071142","displayToPublicDate":"2007-05-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1142","title":"Log ASCII Standard (LAS) Files for Geophysical Wireline Well Logs and Their Application to Geologic Cross Sections Through the Central Appalachian Basin","docAbstract":"Introduction\r\n\r\nThe U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) uses geophysical wireline well logs for a variety of purposes, including stratigraphic correlation (Hettinger, 2001, Ryder, 2002), petroleum reservoir analyses (Nelson and Bird, 2005), aquifer studies (Balch, 1988), and synthetic seismic profiles (Kulander and Ryder, 2005). Commonly, well logs are easier to visualize, manipulate, and interpret when available in a digital format.\r\n\r\nIn recent geologic cross sections E-E' and D-D', constructed through the central Appalachian basin (Ryder, Swezey, and others, in press; Ryder, Crangle, and others, in press), gamma ray well log traces and lithologic logs were used to correlate key stratigraphic intervals (Fig. 1). The stratigraphy and structure of the cross sections are illustrated through the use of graphical software applications (e.g., Adobe Illustrator). The gamma ray traces were digitized in Neuralog (proprietary software) from paper well logs and converted to a Log ASCII Standard (LAS) format. Once converted, the LAS files were transformed to images through an LAS-reader application (e.g., GeoGraphix Prizm) and then overlain in positions adjacent to well locations, used for stratigraphic control, on each cross section.\r\n\r\nThis report summarizes the procedures used to convert paper logs to a digital LAS format using a third-party software application, Neuralog. Included in this report are LAS files for sixteen wells used in geologic cross section E-E' (Table 1) and thirteen wells used in geologic cross section D-D' (Table 2).","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071142","usgsCitation":"Crangle, R., 2007, Log ASCII Standard (LAS) Files for Geophysical Wireline Well Logs and Their Application to Geologic Cross Sections Through the Central Appalachian Basin: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1142, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071142.","productDescription":"14 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":191733,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9682,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1142/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a69e4b07f02db63c028","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crangle, Robert D. Jr.","contributorId":102948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crangle","given":"Robert D.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":79962,"text":"ofr20051345 - 2007 - Morphology and textures of modern sediments on the inner shelf of South Carolina's Long Bay from Little River Inlet to Winyah Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-18T19:51:55.918689","indexId":"ofr20051345","displayToPublicDate":"2007-05-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1345","title":"Morphology and textures of modern sediments on the inner shelf of South Carolina's Long Bay from Little River Inlet to Winyah Bay","docAbstract":"<p>High-resolution sea-floor mapping techniques, including sidecan-sonar, seismic-reflection, swath bathymetric systems, and bottom sampling, were used to map the geologic framework offshore of the northern South Carolina coast in order to provide a better understanding of the physical processes controlling coastal erosion and shoreline change. Four general sea floor environments were identified through analysis of sidescan-sonar, swath bathymetry, and surface sediment texture: inlet shoal complexes, shore-detached shoals, hardground, and mixed zones. Inlet shoal complexes generally lie offshore of modern inlet systems, with the exception of a shore-detached shoal lying offshore of Myrtle Beach. The shoals show 1 - 3 m in relief and comprise the largest accumulations of modern sediment within the inner shelf survey area. Surficial sediments within the shoal complexes are characterized by a low-backscatter, moderately sorted fine sand. Hardground areas are characterized by exposures of Cretaceous and Tertiary strata and Pleistocene channel-fill deposits. These areas display little to no bathymetric relief and are characterized by high-backscatter, coarser grained sand. Mixed zones show small-scale spatial variations in bathymetry, surface texture and backscatter. These areas are characterized by a thin layer of modern sediment (< 1 m) and exposures of Cretaceous strata and Pleistocene channel-fill deposits.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Textural and geomorphic variations suggest a long-term net southerly flow within the study area. The general acoustic and textural character of the inner shelf within Long Bay suggests long-term erosion, reworking and continued modification of inner-shelf deposits by modern nearshore processes.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051345","usgsCitation":"Denny, J.F., Baldwin, W.E., Schwab, W.C., Gayes, P., Morton, R., and Driscoll, N.W., 2007, Morphology and textures of modern sediments on the inner shelf of South Carolina's Long Bay from Little River Inlet to Winyah Bay: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1345, vii, 57 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051345.","productDescription":"vii, 57 p.","numberOfPages":"64","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192141,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20051345.PNG"},{"id":391876,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_81279.htm"},{"id":292869,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1345/images/pdf/report.pdf"},{"id":9684,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1345/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Long Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -81.84677124023438,\n              33.89435731090067\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.72705078125,\n              33.28691595686207\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.13104248046875,\n              32.76649095995108\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.18072509765625,\n              33.5093393678006\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.84677124023438,\n              33.89435731090067\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -78.62777709960938,\n              33.91715274008259\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.519287109375,\n              33.82137099133305\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.63876342773438,\n              33.78827853625996\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.71429443359375,\n              33.755173286674825\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.80630493164062,\n              33.69578012931697\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.8543701171875,\n              33.6477787401531\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.92166137695312,\n              33.58945533558725\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.96697998046875,\n              33.50475906922609\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.00405883789061,\n              33.42914915719729\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.0576171875,\n              33.31905344502012\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.07135009765625,\n              33.23639027157906\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.08096313476562,\n              33.169743600216165\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.07958984375,\n              33.10534697199519\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.38720703125,\n              33.151349385342506\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.35150146484375,\n              33.33167564632156\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.31854248046875,\n              33.39590576922804\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.25125122070312,\n              33.527658137677335\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.14138793945312,\n              33.66492516885242\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.0411376953125,\n              33.75288969455201\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.93539428710938,\n              33.831638461142866\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.8104248046875,\n              33.895497227123876\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.7060546875,\n              33.92285064485909\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.64974975585938,\n              33.95133445208438\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.62777709960938,\n              33.91715274008259\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b4760","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Denny, J. F.","contributorId":13653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denny","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baldwin, W. E.","contributorId":47034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldwin","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schwab, W. C.","contributorId":78740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwab","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gayes, P. T.","contributorId":108143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gayes","given":"P. T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Morton, R.","contributorId":38242,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morton","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Driscoll, N. W.","contributorId":41093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Driscoll","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":79959,"text":"ofr20071136 - 2007 - Performance audit of the U.S. Geological Survey, energy resource program inorganic geochemistry laboratory","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-25T06:30:34","indexId":"ofr20071136","displayToPublicDate":"2007-05-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1136","displayTitle":"Performance Audit of the U.S. Geological Survey, Energy Resource Program Inorganic Geochemistry Laboratory","title":"Performance audit of the U.S. Geological Survey, energy resource program inorganic geochemistry laboratory","docAbstract":"A performance audit of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Energy Resource Program (ERP) Inorganic Geochemistry Laboratory (IGL) was conducted between August, 2003 and October, 2005. The goals were to ensure that a high level of analytical performance was maintained and identify any areas that could be enhanced. The audit was subdivided into three phases. Phase 1 was a preliminary assessment of current performance based on recent performance on CANSPEX samples. IGL performance was also compared to laboratories world-wide with similar scope. Phase 2 consisted of the implementation of the recommended changes made in Phase 1. Phase 3 of the audit consisted of a reassessment effort to evaluate the effectiveness of the recommendations made in the Phase 1 and an on-site audit of the laboratory facilities. Phases 1 and 3 required summary reports that are included in Appendices A and B of this report. The audit found that the IGL was one of the top two laboratories compared for trace element analyses. Several recommendations to enhance performance on major and minor elemental parameters were made and implemented. Demonstrated performance improvements as a result of the recommended changes were documented. Several initiatives to sustain the performance improvements gained from the audit have been implemented.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071136","usgsCitation":"Luppens, J.A., Janke, L.G., McCord, J.D., Bullock, J., Brazeau, L., and Affolter, R.H., 2007, Performance audit of the U.S. Geological Survey, energy resource program inorganic geochemistry laboratory: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1136, iv, 89 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071136.","productDescription":"iv, 89 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":191735,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9681,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1136/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db688494","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Luppens, James A. 0000-0001-7607-8750 jluppens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7607-8750","contributorId":550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luppens","given":"James","email":"jluppens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Janke, Louis G.","contributorId":16512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Janke","given":"Louis","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McCord, Jamey D. jdmccord@usgs.gov","contributorId":2748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCord","given":"Jamey","email":"jdmccord@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":291294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bullock, John H.","contributorId":43336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bullock","given":"John H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brazeau, Lisa","contributorId":41535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brazeau","given":"Lisa","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Affolter, Ronald H. affolter@usgs.gov","contributorId":659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Affolter","given":"Ronald","email":"affolter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":165,"text":"Central Energy Resources Team","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":291298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":79963,"text":"ofr20061357 - 2007 - Sea-floor character and surface processes in the vicinity of Quicks Hole, Elizabeth Islands, Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-09T13:17:32.998231","indexId":"ofr20061357","displayToPublicDate":"2007-05-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1357","title":"Sea-floor character and surface processes in the vicinity of Quicks Hole, Elizabeth Islands, Massachusetts","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management (MA CZM), is producing detailed geologic maps of the coastal sea floor. The imagery, interpretive data layers, and data presented herein were derived from multibeam echo-sounder and sidescan sonar surveys conducted in the vicinity of Quicks Hole, a passage through the Elizabeth Islands, which extend in a chain southwest off Cape Cod, Massachusetts, and from the stations occupied to verify these acoustic data (fig. 1). Basic data layers show sea-floor topography, sun-illuminated shaded relief, and backscatter intensity; interpretive layers show the distributions of surficial sediment, sedimentary environments, and sea-floor features. Presented verification data include sediment grain-size analyses and a gallery of still photographs of the seabed.</p><p>The multibeam and sidescan data, which cover an approximately 22.9-km<sup>2</sup> area of sea floor that extends from Vineyard Sound on the south to Buzzards Bay on the north, were collected during NOAA hydrographic survey H11076 (fig. 1). Although originally collected for charting purposes, these data provide a fundamental framework for research and management activities along this part of the Massachusetts coastline (Noji and others, 2004), show the composition and terrain of the seabed, and provide information on sediment transport and benthic habitat.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061357","isbn":"9781411312203","usgsCitation":"Sea-floor character and surface processes in the vicinity of Quicks Hole, Elizabeth Islands, Massachusetts; 2007; OFR; 2006-1357; Poppe, Lawrence J.; Ackerman, Seth D.; Foster, David S.; Blackwood, Dann S.; Butman, Bradford; Moser, M. S.; Stewart, H. F.","productDescription":"HTML Document","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":485624,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_81281.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":9685,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1357/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":194679,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20061357.PNG"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Elizabeth Islands, Quicks Hole","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -70.877325,41.425044 ], [ -70.877325,41.458502 ], [ -70.813296,41.458502 ], [ -70.813296,41.425044 ], [ -70.877325,41.425044 ] ] ] } } ] }","contact":"<p><a href=\"../contact\" data-mce-href=\"../contact\">Contact Pubs Warehouse</a></p>","publishedDate":"2007-05-19","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-05-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae77d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poppe, Lawrence J. lpoppe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poppe","given":"Lawrence J.","email":"lpoppe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":291312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ackerman, Seth D. 0000-0003-0945-2794 sackerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0945-2794","contributorId":178676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Seth","email":"sackerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":291314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Foster, David S. 0000-0003-1205-0884 dfoster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1205-0884","contributorId":1320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"David","email":"dfoster@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Blackwood, Dann S. dblackwood@usgs.gov","contributorId":2457,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blackwood","given":"Dann","email":"dblackwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Butman, Bradford 0000-0002-4174-2073 bbutman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4174-2073","contributorId":943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butman","given":"Bradford","email":"bbutman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Moser, M. S.","contributorId":98391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moser","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Stewart, H.F.","contributorId":83620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"H.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":79958,"text":"ofr20061226 - 2007 - Simulation of Hydrologic-System Responses to Ground-Water Withdrawals in the Hunt-Annaquatucket-Pettaquamscutt Stream-Aquifer System, Rhode Island","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:22","indexId":"ofr20061226","displayToPublicDate":"2007-05-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1226","title":"Simulation of Hydrologic-System Responses to Ground-Water Withdrawals in the Hunt-Annaquatucket-Pettaquamscutt Stream-Aquifer System, Rhode Island","docAbstract":"A numerical-modeling study was done to better understand hydrologic-system responses to ground-water withdrawals in the Hunt-Annaquatucket-Pettaquamscutt (HAP) stream-aquifer system of Rhode Island. System responses were determined by use of steady-state and transient numerical ground-water-flow models. These models were initially developed in the late 1990s as part of a larger study of the stream-aquifer system. The models were modified to incorporate new data made available since the original study and to meet the objectives of this study. Changes made to the models did not result in substantial changes to simulated ground-water levels, hydrologic budgets, or streamflows compared to those calculated by the original steady-state and transient models.\r\n\r\nResponses of the hydrologic system are described primarily by changes in simulated streamflows and ground-water levels throughout the basin and by changes to flow conditions in the aquifer in three wetland areas immediately east of the Lafayette State Fish Hatchery, which lies within the Annaquatucket River Basin in the town of North Kingstown. Ground water is withdrawn from the HAP aquifer at 14 large-capacity production wells, at an industrial well, and at 3 wells operated by the Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management at the fish hatchery. A fourth well has been proposed for the hatchery and an additional production well is under development by the town of North Kingstown.\r\n\r\nThe primary streams of interest in the study area are the Hunt, Annaquatucket, and Pettaquamscutt Rivers and Queens Fort Brook. Total model-calculated streamflow depletions in these rivers and brook resulting from withdrawals at the production, industrial, and fish-hatchery wells pumping at average annual 2003 rates are about 4.8 cubic feet per second (ft3/s) for the Hunt River, 3.3 ft3/s for the Annaquatucket River, 0.5 ft3/s for the Pettaquamscutt River, and 0.5 ft3/s for Queens Fort Brook. The actual amount of streamflow reduction in the Annaquatucket River caused by pumping actually is less, 1.1 ft3/s, because ground water that is pumped at the fish-hatchery wells (2.2 ft3/s) is returned to the Annaquatucket River after use at the hatchery.\r\n\r\nOne of the primary goals of the study was to evaluate the response of the hydrologic system to simulated withdrawals at the proposed well at the fish hatchery. Withdrawal rates at the proposed well would range from zero during April through September of each year to a maximum of 260 gallons per minute [about 0.4 million gallons per day (Mgal/d)] in March of each year. The average annual withdrawal rate at the fish hatchery resulting from the addition of the proposed well would increase by only 0.13 ft3/s, or about 5 percent of the 2003 withdrawal rate. The increased pumping rate at the hatchery would further reduce the average annual flow in Queens Fort Brook by less than 0.05 ft3/s and in the Annaquatucket River by about 0.1 ft3/s (which includes some model error).\r\n\r\nA new production well in the Annaquatucket River Basin is under development by the town of North Kingstown. A simulated pumping rate of 1.0 Mgal/d (1.6 ft3/s) at this new well resulted in additional streamflow depletions, compared to those calculated for the 2003 withdrawal conditions, of 0.8 and 0.2 ft3/s in the Annaquatucket and Pettaquamscutt Rivers, respectively. The source of water for about 30 percent of the well's pumping rate, or about 0.5 ft3/s, is derived from ground-water inflow from the Chipuxet River Basin across a natural ground-water drainage divide that separates the Annaquatucket and Chipuxet River Basins; the remaining 0.1 ft3/s of simulated pumping consists of reduced evapotranspiration from the water table.\r\n\r\nModel-calculated changes in water levels in the aquifer for the various withdrawal conditions simulated in this study indicate that ground-water-level declines caused by pumping are generally less than 5 feet (ft). However, ground-water-level declines of as","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061226","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management","usgsCitation":"Barlow, P.M., and Ostiguy, L., 2007, Simulation of Hydrologic-System Responses to Ground-Water Withdrawals in the Hunt-Annaquatucket-Pettaquamscutt Stream-Aquifer System, Rhode Island: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1226, vi, 51 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061226.","productDescription":"vi, 51 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":377,"text":"Massachusetts-Rhode Island Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190835,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9680,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1226/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f8e4b07f02db5f3056","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barlow, Paul M. 0000-0003-4247-6456 pbarlow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4247-6456","contributorId":1200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barlow","given":"Paul","email":"pbarlow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ostiguy, Lance J. lostiguy@usgs.gov","contributorId":3807,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ostiguy","given":"Lance J.","email":"lostiguy@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":291292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":79955,"text":"ofr20071155 - 2007 - Descriptive and Grade-Tonnage Models and Database for Iron Oxide Cu-Au Deposits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:15","indexId":"ofr20071155","displayToPublicDate":"2007-05-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1155","title":"Descriptive and Grade-Tonnage Models and Database for Iron Oxide Cu-Au Deposits","docAbstract":"Iron oxide Cu-Au deposits are veins and breccia-hosted bodies of hematite and/or magnetite with disseminated Cu + Au ? Ag ? Pd ? Pt ? Ni ? U ? LREE minerals formed in sedimentary or volcano-sedimentary basins intruded by igneous rocks. Deposits are associated with broad redox boundaries and feature sodic alteration of source rocks and potassic alteration of host rocks.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071155","usgsCitation":"Cox, D.P., and Singer, D.A., 2007, Descriptive and Grade-Tonnage Models and Database for Iron Oxide Cu-Au Deposits (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1155, Report: 13 p.; Map: 9 x 5 inches; Database, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071155.","productDescription":"Report: 13 p.; Map: 9 x 5 inches; Database","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":658,"text":"Western Mineral Resources","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190982,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9676,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1155/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa9e4b07f02db6680e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cox, Dennis P. dcox@usgs.gov","contributorId":2766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cox","given":"Dennis","email":"dcox@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":291276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Singer, Donald A. dsinger@usgs.gov","contributorId":5601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Singer","given":"Donald","email":"dsinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":291277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":79957,"text":"ofr20061243 - 2007 - Stage-Discharge Relations for the Colorado River in Glen, Marble, and Grand Canyons, Arizona, 1990-2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-21T15:48:04","indexId":"ofr20061243","displayToPublicDate":"2007-05-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1243","title":"Stage-Discharge Relations for the Colorado River in Glen, Marble, and Grand Canyons, Arizona, 1990-2005","docAbstract":"This report presents stage-discharge relations for 47 discrete locations along the Colorado River, downstream from Glen Canyon Dam. Predicting the river stage that results from changes in flow regime is important for many studies investigating the effects of dam operations on resources in and along the Colorado River. The empirically based stage-discharge relations were developed from water-surface elevation data surveyed at known discharges at all 47 locations. The rating curves accurately predict stage at each location for discharges between 141 cubic meters per second and 1,274 cubic meters per second. The coefficient of determination (R2) of the fit to the data ranged from 0.993 to 1.00. Given the various contributing errors to the method, a conservative error estimate of ?0.05 m was assigned to the rating curves.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061243","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Northern Arizona University","usgsCitation":"Hazel, J., Kaplinski, M., Parnell, R., Kohl, K., and Topping, D.J., 2007, Stage-Discharge Relations for the Colorado River in Glen, Marble, and Grand Canyons, Arizona, 1990-2005: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1243, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061243.","productDescription":"11 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192020,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9678,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1243/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cce4b07f02db544674","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hazel, Joseph E. Jr.","contributorId":91819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hazel","given":"Joseph E.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kaplinski, Matt","contributorId":65817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaplinski","given":"Matt","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parnell, Rod","contributorId":15711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parnell","given":"Rod","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kohl, Keith 0000-0001-6812-0373 kkohl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6812-0373","contributorId":1323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kohl","given":"Keith","email":"kkohl@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Topping, David J. 0000-0002-2104-4577 dtopping@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2104-4577","contributorId":715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Topping","given":"David","email":"dtopping@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":291288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
]}