Data from 64 stream-sediment stations and reservoirs in the plains area and from 15 stream-sediment stations in the mountainous area were analyzed to determine the relation of sediment yield to basin characteristics. Data from each sediment station and reservoir represented at least 7 years of sediment discharge in the plains area or 4 years of sediment discharge in the mountainous area. Results of the analysis show the approximate relations of sediment yield to basin characteristics in the plains area, but data for the mountainous area are insufficient to show any significant relation.
In the plains area the sediment yield was most closely related to contributing drainage area, mean streamflow, average thickness of loess, and average land slope. A regression equation, using these characteristics, estimates sediment yields with a standard error of +142 percent and -59 percent. The relation of sediment yield to size of drainage area was consistent with the relation found earlier for the upper Mississippi River basin.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri7949","usgsCitation":"Jordan, P.R., 1979, Relation of sediment yield to climatic and physical characteristics in the Missouri River basin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 79-49, iv, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7949.","productDescription":"iv, 26 p.","numberOfPages":"33","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":349795,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0049/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":159008,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0049/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-111.048974,44.474072],[-111.323669,44.724474],[-111.50494,44.635746],[-111.469185,44.552044],[-112.258665,44.569516],[-112.387389,44.448058],[-112.749011,44.491233],[-112.844859,44.358221],[-113.134824,44.752763],[-113.455071,44.865424],[-113.802955,45.592631],[-114.015633,45.696127],[-114.345019,45.459916],[-114.559038,45.565706],[-114.422963,45.855381],[-114.527096,46.146218],[-114.322912,46.642938],[-114.76689,46.696901],[-115.294785,47.220914],[-115.731348,47.433381],[-115.72377,47.696671],[-116.049153,47.999923],[-116.049193,49.000912],[-97.229039,49.000687],[-97.116185,48.709348],[-97.145243,48.174046],[-96.854812,47.606328],[-96.774763,46.607461],[-96.557952,46.102442],[-96.612512,45.794442],[-96.82616,45.654164],[-96.692541,45.417338],[-96.468027,45.318619],[-96.453049,43.500415],[-91.261781,43.500993],[-91.059684,43.248566],[-91.174692,43.038713],[-91.05481,42.744686],[-90.720209,42.640758],[-90.140613,41.995999],[-90.364128,41.579633],[-91.050328,41.400049],[-91.113648,41.241401],[-90.955201,40.986805],[-91.154293,40.653596],[-91.401482,40.559458],[-91.506947,40.21555],[-91.446922,39.883034],[-90.721593,39.23273],[-90.653164,38.916141],[-90.113327,38.849306],[-90.367013,38.250054],[-89.952499,37.883218],[-89.516685,37.692762],[-89.438275,37.161287],[-89.102879,36.9697],[-89.120437,36.782071],[-89.429311,36.481875],[-89.55264,36.577178],[-89.527029,36.341679],[-89.703511,36.243412],[-89.615128,36.113816],[-89.733095,36.000608],[-90.368718,35.995812],[-90.075934,36.281485],[-90.157136,36.484317],[-94.617919,36.499414],[-94.699735,36.998805],[-109.045223,36.999084],[-109.050076,41.000659],[-111.046723,40.997959],[-111.048974,44.474072]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Colorado\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a5fe4b07f02db6349f9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jordan, P. R.","contributorId":7282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jordan","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":30520,"text":"wri7978 - 1979 - Sediment discharge in the Santa Clara River Basin, Ventura and Los Angeles Counties, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-02T17:02:02.031659","indexId":"wri7978","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-78","title":"Sediment discharge in the Santa Clara River Basin, Ventura and Los Angeles Counties, California","docAbstract":"Sediment data collected in the Santa Clara River basin during the 1967-75 water years were analyzed to determine the particle size and quantity of sediment transported past three gaging stations. The total sediment discharge of the basin, computed from records of Santa Clara River at Montalvo for water years 1968-75, was 63 . 5 million tons, of which 59.5 million tons was carried in suspension and an estimated 4 million tons was transported as unsampled sediment discharge. About 17. 7 million tons, or 28 percent of the total sediment discharge, was coarse sediment (particles larger than O. 062 millimeter).
Most of the sediment was transported during only a few days of floodflow each year. During the 1968-75 water years, approximately 55 percent of the total sediment was transported in 2 days and 92 percent was transported in 53 days.
The long-term (1928-75) average annual sediment discharge of the Santa Clara River at Montalvo is estimated at 3.67 million tons. Of that quantity, 2.58 million tons consisted of fine sediment and 1.09 million tons consisted of coarse sediment.
A sediment budget for the Santa Clara River basin was estimated for sediment discharges under both natural and actual conditions. The major difference between natural and actual sediment discharges of the Santa Clara River basin is the sediment intercepted upstream from Lake Piru. The combined trap efficiency of Lake Piru and Pyramid Lake approaches 100 percent. Sediment deposited in these reservoirs resulted in about a 6-percent reduction of sediment to the Santa Clara River basin during the historical period (1928-75) and a 12-percent reduction during the period most affected by dams (1953-75). Sediment losses to the basin by gravel mining, diversion of flows, and interception of sediment in the Castaic Creek basin resulted in additional reductions of 2 percent during the period 1928-75 and 4 percent during the period 1953-75.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri7978","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Ventura County Flood Control District, United Water Conservation District, and California Department of Boating and Waterways","usgsCitation":"Williams, R.P., 1979, Sediment discharge in the Santa Clara River Basin, Ventura and Los Angeles Counties, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 79-78, v, 51 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7978.","productDescription":"v, 51 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159680,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0078/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":380046,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0078/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Los Angeles County, Ventura County","otherGeospatial":"Santa Clara River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.34997558593749,\n 34.18226973974575\n ],\n [\n -118.15521240234376,\n 34.18226973974575\n ],\n [\n -118.15521240234376,\n 34.73484137177769\n ],\n [\n -119.34997558593749,\n 34.73484137177769\n ],\n [\n -119.34997558593749,\n 34.18226973974575\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e486be4b07f02db50a9e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, Rhea P.","contributorId":87114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Rhea","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":26802,"text":"wri7970 - 1979 - Hydrologic data on channel adjustments, 1970 to 1975, on the Rio Grande downstream from Cochiti Dam, New Mexico before and after closure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-19T12:15:28","indexId":"wri7970","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-70","title":"Hydrologic data on channel adjustments, 1970 to 1975, on the Rio Grande downstream from Cochiti Dam, New Mexico before and after closure","docAbstract":"Cross-section channel profiles, sediment transport and hydrologic data have been observed (before and after closure of the dam) and computed for a series of investigations from 1970 to 1975 at 37 cross sections established along a 59 mile (95 kilometer) study reach from Cochiti Dam to Isleta Diversion Dam, N. Mex.
Cochiti Dam began impounding water in November 1973. Because the dam will trap virtually all of the sediment load originating upstream and water discharge will be controlled, it is expected that equilibrium values of channel width, depth, slope and sediment-transport capability in the existing main stem of the Rio Grande will change. Changes in cross sections with time and space and changes in size distribution of sediments are documented.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri7970","usgsCitation":"Dewey, J.D., Roybal, F., and Funderburg, D., 1979, Hydrologic data on channel adjustments, 1970 to 1975, on the Rio Grande downstream from Cochiti Dam, New Mexico before and after closure: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 79-70, viii, 531 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7970.","productDescription":"viii, 531 p. ","numberOfPages":"544","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158507,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0070/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":359558,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0070/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Cochiti Dam, Rio Grande","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.820068359375,\n 34.8971951696173\n ],\n [\n -106.00433349609375,\n 34.8971951696173\n ],\n [\n -106.00433349609375,\n 35.97578349847199\n ],\n [\n -106.820068359375,\n 35.97578349847199\n ],\n [\n -106.820068359375,\n 34.8971951696173\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1be4b07f02db607323","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dewey, Jack D.","contributorId":60272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dewey","given":"Jack","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roybal, F.E.","contributorId":62998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roybal","given":"F.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Funderburg, D.E.","contributorId":79101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Funderburg","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":26776,"text":"wri7911 - 1979 - Water resources data of the Seward area, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-16T10:08:24","indexId":"wri7911","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-11","title":"Water resources data of the Seward area, Alaska","docAbstract":"Favorable geohydrologic conditions in the Seward area provide several choices for developing additional water supplies. Abundant stream runoff and the prospects for expanded well-field development in the Jap Creek alluvial fan, as well as other similar fans, allow a selection of future water sources based on factors other than the availability of the natural resource. Although water in both streams and deep aquifers is of good potable quality, ground water has the inherent advantages of being free of suspended sediment, of being warmer during winter months, and of being less vulnerable to pollution. Shallow infiltration galleries constructed along the alluvial-fan reaches of some streams should provide large volumes of water for public supply.
A potential exists at Seward for serious flooding of the alluvial fans by the major streams, for coastal flooding by bay waters resulting from storm-driven waves or tsunamis, and for pollution of shallow ground water by onsite sewage disposal.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri7911","usgsCitation":"Dearborn, L.L., Anderson, G.S., and Zenone, C., 1979, Water resources data of the Seward area, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 79-11, iv, 45 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7911.","productDescription":"iv, 45 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158151,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0011/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":359501,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0011/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -150,\n 60\n ],\n [\n -150.75,\n 60\n ],\n [\n -150.75,\n 60.33\n ],\n [\n -150,\n 60.33\n ],\n [\n -150,\n 60\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f6e4b07f02db5f15a9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dearborn, Larry L.","contributorId":66687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dearborn","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Gary S.","contributorId":36534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zenone, Chester","contributorId":8094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zenone","given":"Chester","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":28693,"text":"wri7998 - 1979 - Interim data report on the geohydrology of the proposed waste isolation pilot plant site, southeast New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:46","indexId":"wri7998","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-98","title":"Interim data report on the geohydrology of the proposed waste isolation pilot plant site, southeast New Mexico","docAbstract":"Data collected at the proposed Waste Isolation Pilot Plant site in southeast New Mexico through September 1977 help define hydrologic conditions at the contact between the Permian Rustler and Salado Formations, and Culebra and Magenta Dolomite Members of the Rustler Formation. Preliminary calculations of transmissivity along the Rustler-Salado contact range from 0.1 feet squared per day to 0.0001 feet squared per day. Fluids from the Rustler-Salado contact contain from 311,000 to 325,800 mg/l total dissolved solids. Fluids in the Culebra Dolomite Member move to the southeast at gradients ranging from 7 to 120 feet per mile. Preliminary transmissivity calculations range from 140 feet squared per day to 0.0004 feet squared per day. Total dissolved solids range from 23,721 to 29,683 mg/l. The extremely low vertical hydraulic conductivity within the Rustler Formation prevents fluid from communicating between the Magenta and Culebra Dolomite Members and between the Culebra and the Rustler-Salado contact. Heads are highest in the Magenta and lowest at the Rustler-Salado contact. (Kosco-USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division,","doi":"10.3133/wri7998","usgsCitation":"Mercer, J.W., and Orr, R., 1979, Interim data report on the geohydrology of the proposed waste isolation pilot plant site, southeast New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 79-98, x, 178 p. :ill., maps ;26 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7998.","productDescription":"x, 178 p. :ill., maps ;26 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":95724,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0098/report.pdf","size":"7957","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":159250,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0098/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dbe4b07f02db5e0ae4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mercer, Jerry W.","contributorId":32534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mercer","given":"Jerry","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Orr, R.B.","contributorId":57111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orr","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":27223,"text":"wri7961 - 1979 - Coastal flood of February 7, 1978, in Maine, Massachusetts, and New Hampshire","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-04T14:15:08","indexId":"wri7961","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-61","title":"Coastal flood of February 7, 1978, in Maine, Massachusetts, and New Hampshire","docAbstract":"On February 6-8, 1978, New England was battered by one of the most severe winter storms of record. The storm produced record snowfall in many areas of Rhode Island and Massachusetts. Spring high tides (sun and moon in such alinement as to cause the highest tides of the month), a stationary storm center, and hurricane force winds combined to produce record high flood levels along much of the Massachusetts to Maine coastline on February 7. Tidal gages recorded new highs of 10.4 feet in Boston, Massachusetts, and 9.6 feet in Portland, Maine. Fifty-four lives were lost because of the storm. Property damage was greatest along the Massachusetts coastline north of Cape Cod. The total cost of the storm--principally property damage, snow removal, and economic losses--approached $1 billion.
\nThis report contains data which document the flooding along parts of the New England coast. Elevations of 203 floodmarks in Massachusetts, 104 in Maine, and 46 in New Hampshire are given. Also included are some historical coastal flood data and a list of other storm-related studies.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri7961","usgsCitation":"Gadoury, R.A., 1979, Coastal flood of February 7, 1978, in Maine, Massachusetts, and New Hampshire: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 79-61, iii, 57 p.; 2 Plates: 33.95 x 11.92 and 11.75 x 21.78 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7961.","productDescription":"iii, 57 p.; 2 Plates: 33.95 x 11.92 and 11.75 x 21.78 inches","numberOfPages":"65","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":313232,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0061/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":313233,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0061/plate-1.pdf","text":"Plate 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Plate 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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6aebbf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gadoury, Russell A.","contributorId":99542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gadoury","given":"Russell","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":28667,"text":"wri78142 - 1979 - Water quality of selected streams in the coal area of east-central Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-12T14:37:32","indexId":"wri78142","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-142","title":"Water quality of selected streams in the coal area of east-central Montana","docAbstract":"In October 1975 the U.S. Geological Survey established a network of nine data-collection stations on eight streams in Montana to monitor water quality in potential coal-mining areas. The report summarizes and evaluates the water-quality data that have been collected during the first 2 years (3 years for 1 station) of network operation. Big Dry Creek, Little Dry Creek, Timber Creek , and Nelson Creek are the principal streams forming the Big Dry Creek basin, which is tributary to the Missouri River. These streams all contain water of the sodium sulfate type. Concentrations were high for dissolved solids (433-4,570 mg/L) and generally low for nutrients and trace elements. Prairie Elk Creek, Sand Creek, and the Redwater River flow directly into the Missouri River. Prairie Elk and Sand Creeks have mainly sodium bicarbonate water, whereas the Redwater River is predominately sodium sulfate water. All three streams contained water of high dissolved-solids concentration (160-3,370 mg/L) and generally low nutrient and trace-element concentrations. Burns Creek is tributary to the Yellowstone River. The water type is generally sodium sulfate during the spring and summer and sodium bicarbonate during the fall and winter. Water from Burns Creek ranged from 382 to 1,420 mg/L dissolved solids. (Woodard-USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri78142","usgsCitation":"McKinley, P.W., 1979, Water quality of selected streams in the coal area of east-central Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 78-142, v, 49 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri78142.","productDescription":"v, 49 p. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":369139,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1978/0142/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158345,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1978/0142/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.2919921875,\n 46.09609080214316\n ],\n [\n -106.380615234375,\n 46.09609080214316\n ],\n [\n -106.380615234375,\n 47.368594345213374\n ],\n [\n -109.2919921875,\n 47.368594345213374\n ],\n [\n -109.2919921875,\n 46.09609080214316\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49b4e4b07f02db5ca885","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKinley, P. W.","contributorId":16414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKinley","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":27266,"text":"wri7929 - 1979 - Red Cedar River basin, Wisconsin: Low-flow characteristics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-20T22:52:50.432531","indexId":"wri7929","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-29","title":"Red Cedar River basin, Wisconsin: Low-flow characteristics","docAbstract":"Low-flow characteristics in the Red Cedar River basin, Wis., where surplus water may be diverted, and methods to determine low-flow characteristics at additional sites are presented. The low-flow characteristics were determined by various methods at 71 sites. For the three gaging stations in the basin, frequency analysis was used to determine the low-flow characteristics. At 17 partial-record sites correlation analyses were used to estimate the low-flow characteristics. Where only a single base-flow measurement was available (41 sites), equations were developed to estimate low-flow characteristics. The relationships were determined from multiple-regression analyses that related low-flow characteristics at gaging stations, low-flow partial-record stations, and sewage-treatment-plant sites to the drainage area and base-flow index values. The standard errors of estimate were determined to be 25 percent for the Q7,2 equation and 34 percent for the Q7,10 equation. For the main stem of the Red Cedar River where only one discharge measurement was available the low-flow characteristics were determined from a drainage area-discharge relationship. Low-flow characteristics were determined at an additional 30 sites in the Red Cedar River basin by various methods. The method used for these sites depended upon the type and amount of data available at each site.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri7929","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Gebert, W., 1979, Red Cedar River basin, Wisconsin: Low-flow characteristics: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 79-29, Report: iii, 12 p.; 1 Plate: 15.00 x 17.25 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7929.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 12 p.; 1 Plate: 15.00 x 17.25 inches","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":393172,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_35303.htm"},{"id":158619,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0029/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56147,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0029/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56146,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0029/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Red Cedar River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.167,\n 45.045\n ],\n [\n -92.167,\n 45.822\n ],\n [\n -91.417,\n 45.822\n ],\n [\n -91.417,\n 45.045\n ],\n [\n -92.167,\n 45.045\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b06e4b07f02db69a196","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gebert, W.A.","contributorId":71555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gebert","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":28502,"text":"wri78112 - 1979 - Water resources of the Port Madison Indian Reservation, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-14T13:41:25","indexId":"wri78112","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-112","title":"Water resources of the Port Madison Indian Reservation, Washington","docAbstract":"The study summarized in this report was made to provide Suquamish Tribal leaders with information on the reservation's surface- and ground-water resources. The Tribal leaders need this information to help them manage and protect their water resources against overdevelopment. The quantity of ground water that is estimated to be available for withdrawal on a long-term basis is about 600 million gallons per year in the western part of the reservation and 400 million gallons per year in the eastern part of the reservation. It should be possible, economically and practically, to capture at least 40 percent of this ground water with properly constructed and located wells before it is discharged into the sea. This is enough water to supply at least 5,000 and 3,500 people with domestic water in these respective areas—about four times the present population.
Of nine stream sites that were studied on and near the reservation, the lowest average streamflows for a 7-day period estimated to occur an average of once in 2 years were 1.3 cubic feet per second or less. Streams at three of the sites have been observed dry at least once. The short period of data collection during this study limits the accuracy of statistical estimates of low flows.
Both surface and ground water were found to be of good quality with no unusual or harmful constituents; there was no evidence of major pollution in 1977. In the future, seawater intrusion into the ground-water system and pollution of the surface water by improperly treated sewage waste water could become problems.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri78112","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Suquamish Tribal Council","usgsCitation":"Lum, W.E., 1979, Water resources of the Port Madison Indian Reservation, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 78-112, Report: vi, 73 p.; 1 Plate: 22.45 x 21.71 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri78112.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 73 p.; 1 Plate: 22.45 x 21.71 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":363782,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1978/0112/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":363783,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1978/0112/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":159614,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1978/0112/report-thumb.jpg"}],"datum":"National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929","country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Port Madison Indian Reservation","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.625,\n 47.70694444\n ],\n [\n -122.45833333,\n 47.70694444\n ],\n [\n -122.45833333,\n 47.79166667\n ],\n [\n -122.625,\n 47.79166667\n ],\n [\n -122.625,\n 47.70694444\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db602b58","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lum, W. E. II","contributorId":81504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lum","given":"W.","suffix":"II","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":26742,"text":"wri7987 - 1979 - Water quality of the French Broad River, North Carolina : An analysis of data collected at Marshall, 1958-77","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-24T08:26:50","indexId":"wri7987","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-87","title":"Water quality of the French Broad River, North Carolina : An analysis of data collected at Marshall, 1958-77","docAbstract":"An investigation of water quality in the industrialized French Broad River basin of western North Carolina has identified water-quality variations, the extent of man's influence on water quality, and trends in changes in the chemical quality of the river. The study centered on data collected during 1958-77 at the U.S. Geological Survey's station at Marshall, N.C.
The French Broad is a clean river. Only occasionally have concentrations of some trace metals been observed to exceed drinking water standards. However, 58 percent of samples analyzed for fecal coliform bacteria during 1974-77 exceeded criteria levels for bathing waters.
Most water-quality variations are associated with variations in streamflow. Concentrations of constituents transported in solution generally decrease at higher flows, whereas concentrations of materials associated with suspended sediment increase with flow. No correlation between discharge and nutrient concentrations has been observed.
Man's activities in the basin have resulted in deterioration of water quality. In 1958, an estimated 64 percent of the inorganic dissolved-solids load in the river at Marshall was due to man-made pollution, and by 1966, it was 74 percent. As of 1977, water quality had returned to levels of 1958, apparently the result of new waste-water treatment facilities and improved industrial technology.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Raleigh, NC","doi":"10.3133/wri7987","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the North Carolina Department of Natural Resources and Community Development","usgsCitation":"Daniel, C.C., Wilder, H., and Weiner, M.S., 1979, Water quality of the French Broad River, North Carolina : An analysis of data collected at Marshall, 1958-77: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 79-87, vi, 53 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7987.","productDescription":"vi, 53 p.","numberOfPages":"62","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":158542,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri7987.jpg"},{"id":329055,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0087/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","city":"Marshall","otherGeospatial":"French Broad River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.97698974609375,\n 35.07271701786369\n ],\n [\n -82.97698974609375,\n 36.01356058518153\n ],\n [\n -82.276611328125,\n 36.01356058518153\n ],\n [\n -82.276611328125,\n 35.07271701786369\n ],\n [\n -82.97698974609375,\n 35.07271701786369\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f98e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Daniel, C. C. III","contributorId":71953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daniel","given":"C.","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilder, H.B.","contributorId":71246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilder","given":"H.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weiner, M. S.","contributorId":55806,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weiner","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":26964,"text":"wri7964 - 1979 - Quantity and quality of urban runoff from three localities in the Denver Metropolitan area, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-31T11:35:30","indexId":"wri7964","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-64","title":"Quantity and quality of urban runoff from three localities in the Denver Metropolitan area, Colorado","docAbstract":"Considerable variation in constituent concentrations was shown in urban runoff data for 1975-77 from three metropolitan Denver drainage basins. Constituent concentrations, greatest during initial rainfall runoff, generally peaked midday of snowmelt runoff, corresponding with maximum melting and runoff. Instantaneous loads of constituents were largely a function of discharge. Days since last street sweeping or antecedent precipitation had no apparent effect; snowmelt-runoff loads apparently increased with number of days snow had been on the ground. Urban storm runoff may significantly contribute total ammonia nitrogen, total nonfiltrable residue, total copper, total iron, total lead, and total zinc; and snowmelt runoff may significantly contribute sodium and chloride, to local receiving waters. Data from two basins were used for calibration and verification of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Storm Water Management Model II for rainfall-runoff modeling of flow and total nitrogen. The model assumption that land-surface loads of total nitrogen are directly proportional to number of days prior to storm during which accumulated rainfall was less than 1.0 inch was not substantiated. (Woodard-USGS)
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri7964","usgsCitation":"Ellis, S.R., and Alley, W., 1979, Quantity and quality of urban runoff from three localities in the Denver Metropolitan area, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 79-64, vi, 60 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7964.","productDescription":"vi, 60 p. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":367669,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0064/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":157693,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0064/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","city":"Denver","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.556640625,\n 39.364032338047984\n ],\n [\n -104.5184326171875,\n 39.364032338047984\n ],\n [\n -104.5184326171875,\n 40.09908414736847\n ],\n [\n -105.556640625,\n 40.09908414736847\n ],\n [\n -105.556640625,\n 39.364032338047984\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64abeb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ellis, Sherman R.","contributorId":41010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"Sherman","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Alley, William M.","contributorId":93030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alley","given":"William M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":30841,"text":"ofr79593 - 1979 - In situ determination of heat flow in unconsolidated sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:03","indexId":"ofr79593","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-593","title":"In situ determination of heat flow in unconsolidated sediments","docAbstract":"Subsurface thermal measurements are the most effective, least ambiguous tools for identifying and delineating possible geothernml resources. Measurements of thermal gradient in the upper few tens of meters generally are sufficient to outline the major anomalies, but it is always desirable to combine these gradients with reliable estimates of thermal conductivity to provide data on the energy flux and to constrain models for the heat sources responsible for the observed, near-surface thermal anomalies. The major problems associated with heat-flow measurements in the geothermal exploration mode are concerned with the economics of casing and/or grouting holes, the repeated site visits necessary to obtain equilibrium temperature values, the possible legal liability associated with the disturbance of underground aquifers, the surface hazards presented by pipes protruding from the ground, and the security problems associated with leaving cased holes open for periods of weeks to months. \r\n\r\nWe have developed a technique which provides reliable 'real-time' determinations of temperature, thermal conductivity, and hence, of heat flow during the drilling operation in unconsolidated sediments. A combined temperature, gradient, and thermal conductivity experiment can be carried out, by driving a thin probe through the bit about 1.5 meters into the formation in the time that would otherwise be required for a coring trip. Two or three such experiments over the depth range of, say, 50 to 150 meters provide a high-quality heat-flow determination at costs comparable to those associated with a standard cased 'gradient hole' to comparable depths. The hole can be backfilled and abandoned upon cessation of drilling, thereby eliminating the need for casing, grouting, or repeated site visits.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr79593","usgsCitation":"Sass, J., Kennelly, J., Wendt, W., Moses, T., and Ziagos, J., 1979, In situ determination of heat flow in unconsolidated sediments: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-593, v, 71 p., 4 sheets :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr79593.","productDescription":"v, 71 p., 4 sheets :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160335,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0593/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59576,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0593/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fae4b07f02db5f41ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sass, J.H.","contributorId":70749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sass","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":204162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kennelly, J.P.","contributorId":16051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennelly","given":"J.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wendt, W.E.","contributorId":60248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wendt","given":"W.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moses, T.H.","contributorId":24344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moses","given":"T.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ziagos, J.P.","contributorId":77931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ziagos","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":25966,"text":"wri793 - 1979 - Regional stochastic generation of streamflows using an ARIMA (1,0,1) process and disaggregation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-07T08:33:41","indexId":"wri793","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-3","title":"Regional stochastic generation of streamflows using an ARIMA (1,0,1) process and disaggregation","docAbstract":"An ARIMA (1,0,1) model was calibrated and used to generate long annual flow sequences at three sites in the Juniata River basin, Pennsylvania. The model preserves the mean, variance, and cross correlations of the observed station data. In addition, it has a desirable blend of both high and low frequency characteristics and therefore is capable of preserving the Hurst coefficient, h. The generated annual flows are disaggregated into monthly sequences using a modification of the Valencia-Schaake model. The low-flow frequency and flow duration characteristics of the generated monthly flows, with length equal to the historical data, compare favorably with the historical data. Once the models were verified, 100-year sequences were generated and analyzed for their low flow characteristics. One-, three- and six- month low-flow frequencies at recurrence intervals greater than 10 years are generally found to be lower than flow computed from the historical flows. A method is proposed for synthesizing flows at ungaged sites. (Kosco-USGS)
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri793","collaboration":"Prepared in collaboration with the Susquehanna River Basin Committee","usgsCitation":"Armbruster, J.T., 1979, Regional stochastic generation of streamflows using an ARIMA (1,0,1) process and disaggregation: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 79-3, vi, 54 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri793.","productDescription":"vi, 54 p.","numberOfPages":"63","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":157927,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri793.PNG"},{"id":310277,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0003/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c474","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Armbruster, Jeffrey T.","contributorId":37707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Armbruster","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":28915,"text":"wri79100 - 1979 - Monthly and annual water budgets of Lake Wingra, Madison, Wisconsin, 1972-77","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-11T17:41:15.771569","indexId":"wri79100","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-100","title":"Monthly and annual water budgets of Lake Wingra, Madison, Wisconsin, 1972-77","docAbstract":"This report presents estimated annual and monthly water budgets for Lake Wingra and the adjacent wetland area for January 1972 through September 1972. Annually, inputs from precipitation, surface runoff, and groundwater inflow are approximately equal (31, 34, and 35 percent, respectively). Outputs include outflow from the lake into Murphy Creek (70 percent), evapotranspiration from the lake and wetland (26 percent), and ground-water outflow (4 percent).
\nThe inputs and outputs vary seasonally. In months when snowmelt occurs, surface runoff is a major input (56 percent in March; 46 percent in April). In fall and winter ground-water inflow is a major input (57 percent in November). Precipitation comprises 41 percent of the input in August but only 18 percent in January. Lake outflow is the major output except from July through September. Combined evaporation and evapotranspiration is a major output in summer (45 to 58 percent) but minor in winter (less than 13 percent). Ground-water outflow is a small part of the budget each month, ranging from 2 percent in March and April to a maximum of 7 percent in September.
\nThe water budget is based on field data collected from January 1972 through June 1973, and on fragmentary data and estimates for July 1973 through September 1977. The budget terms differ from those published by Oakes, Hendrickson, and Zuehls (1975, table 10) because springflow has been included in total ground-water inflow and estimated on a monthly basis in this report. Previously only annual estimates were provided.
\n","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri79100","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the University of Wisconsin Institute for Environmental Studies","usgsCitation":"Novitzki, R., and Holmstrom, B.K., 1979, Monthly and annual water budgets of Lake Wingra, Madison, Wisconsin, 1972-77: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 79-100, iv, 31 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri79100.","productDescription":"iv, 31 p.","numberOfPages":"37","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":57787,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0100/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":124135,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0100/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":424338,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_35285.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","county":"Dane County","city":"Madison","otherGeospatial":"Lake Wingra","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.47917938232422,\n 43.03426640603482\n ],\n [\n -89.47917938232422,\n 43.09697190802465\n ],\n [\n -89.29515838623045,\n 43.09697190802465\n ],\n [\n -89.29515838623045,\n 43.03426640603482\n ],\n [\n -89.47917938232422,\n 43.03426640603482\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db698fef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Novitzki, R.P.","contributorId":73986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Novitzki","given":"R.P.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":200612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holmstrom, B. K.","contributorId":90728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holmstrom","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":30316,"text":"wri7974 - 1979 - Use of the STORM model for estimating the quantity and quality of runoff from the metropolitan area of Houston, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-09T12:15:17","indexId":"wri7974","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-74","title":"Use of the STORM model for estimating the quantity and quality of runoff from the metropolitan area of Houston, Texas","docAbstract":"
The \"STORM\" model, developed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, was selected from existing models and adapted to use available data to compute runoff from the Houston, Texas, area and to compute the loads and concentrations of biochemicaloxygen demand, dissolved solids, total phosphorus, total organic carbon, total nitrogen, and fecal-coliform bacteria. The water-quality data simulated by the STORM model will be used by the Texas Department of Water Resources to refine and verify a model of the Calveston Bay estuarine system.
\nDischarge and precipitation data for the 1975 water year and all available waterquality analyses were used to calibrate the model for the Buffalo, Whiteoak, Brays, Sims, Hunting, Greens, and Vince Bayous. Data for the 1974 water year were used to verify the model for discharge. After verification, the calibrations were adjusted to balance the difference between the 1974 and 1975 error predictions for discharge. The adjusted model was used with records of precipitation and evaporation to simulate a 20-vear record of the quantity and quality of runoff from the modeled area.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/wri7974","usgsCitation":"Waddell, K.M., Massey, B.C., and Jennings, M.E., 1979, Use of the STORM model for estimating the quantity and quality of runoff from the metropolitan area of Houston, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 79-74, iv, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7974.","productDescription":"iv, 29 p.","numberOfPages":"35","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":59108,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0074/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":160405,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0074/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"Houston","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -95.8941650390625,\n 29.463514026304715\n ],\n [\n -95.8941650390625,\n 30.197366063272245\n ],\n [\n -94.8944091796875,\n 30.197366063272245\n ],\n [\n -94.8944091796875,\n 29.463514026304715\n ],\n [\n -95.8941650390625,\n 29.463514026304715\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49cce4b07f02db5d9248","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waddell, Kidd M.","contributorId":20720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waddell","given":"Kidd","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Massey, Bernard C.","contributorId":173558,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Massey","given":"Bernard","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jennings, Marshall E.","contributorId":55813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jennings","given":"Marshall","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":30842,"text":"ofr79665 - 1979 - Chemical analysis of 617 coal samples from the Eastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-28T17:56:33.837403","indexId":"ofr79665","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-665","title":"Chemical analysis of 617 coal samples from the Eastern United States","docAbstract":"This report includes all the analytical data on 617 coal samples from 8 states east of the Mississippi River. The samples from each state are, Pennsylvania 71, Ohio 40, West Virginia 252, Virginia 72, Kentucky 27, Tennessee 27, Alabama 20, and Indiana 108.
The U.S. Geological Survey has quantitatively determined the amounts of 35 major, minor and trace elements in each sample. It has also searched for 35 other trace elements using semi-quantitative spectrographic methods. In addition, the Coal Analysis Section of the Department of Energy has provided proximate and ultimate analyses, Btu, forms of sulfur, free swelling index, and ash fusion temperatures on 491 samples.
Comparison of the geometric means of these samples with 331 bituminous coal samples of the Appalachian region reported by Swanson and others (1976) are as follows. As shown by the means for ultimate and proximate analyses small differences exist between the two sets of data, only the moisture content and oxygen are significantly different. The forms of sulfur and heat of combustion are also similar. The means for the major and minor oxides in ash are similar for SiO2, Al2O3, CaO, MgO, K2O3 and TiO2. Na2O is significantly lower and Fe2O3 and MnO higher in the analyses of the 617 samples of this report. Most means for the trace elements in the coals studied for this report are lower. Only Be is significantly higher in these coals.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr79665","usgsCitation":"Zubovic, P., Oman, C., Coleman, S., Bragg, L., Kerr, P., Kozey, K., Simon, F., Rowe, J., Medlin, J., and Walker, F., 1979, Chemical analysis of 617 coal samples from the Eastern United States: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-665, 452 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr79665.","productDescription":"452 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":425513,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0665/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":160338,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0665/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Eastern United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.3803328073747,\n 41.840505484818664\n ],\n [\n -87.3803328073747,\n 30.339134698831103\n ],\n [\n -78.13565977457397,\n 30.339134698831103\n ],\n [\n -78.13565977457397,\n 41.840505484818664\n ],\n [\n -87.3803328073747,\n 41.840505484818664\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e1e4b07f02db5e4936","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zubovic, Peter","contributorId":6072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zubovic","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oman, Charles L. coman@usgs.gov","contributorId":4343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oman","given":"Charles L.","email":"coman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Coleman, S.L.","contributorId":15230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coleman","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bragg, Linda","contributorId":63440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bragg","given":"Linda","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kerr, P.T.","contributorId":83970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kerr","given":"P.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kozey, K.M.","contributorId":72424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kozey","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Simon, F.O.","contributorId":41808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simon","given":"F.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Rowe, J.J.","contributorId":29460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowe","given":"J.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Medlin, J.H.","contributorId":27869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Medlin","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Walker, F.E.","contributorId":57903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"F.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":27402,"text":"wri7923 - 1979 - Chemical analyses of surface water in Illinois, 1975-77--Volume I, Des Plaines River basin and Lake Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-29T13:15:33.382432","indexId":"wri7923","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-23","displayTitle":"Chemical Analyses of Surface Water in Illinois, 1975–77—Volume I, Des Plaines River Basin and Lake Michigan","title":"Chemical analyses of surface water in Illinois, 1975-77--Volume I, Des Plaines River basin and Lake Michigan","docAbstract":"Samples of surface water were collected and analyzed by the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency. The results from water years 1975 to 1977 are presented in three volumes. The history of sampling and analytical methods used during that period are summarized. Stream discharge data from records of the U.S. Geological Survey are included for all sites where samples were collected at gaging stations or near enough that reliable discharge estimates could be made. Volume I includes the Des Plaines River basin and Lake Michigan.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri7923","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Grason, D., and Healy, R.W., 1979, Chemical analyses of surface water in Illinois, 1975-77--Volume I, Des Plaines River basin and Lake Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 79-23, v. I, iv, 222 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7923.","productDescription":"iv, 222 p.","costCenters":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":361724,"rank":4,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7925","text":"WRI 79–25","description":"WRI 79–25","linkHelpText":"Chemical Analyses of Surface Water in Illinois, 1975–77—Volume III, Ohio River Tributaries and Mississippi River Tributaries South of the Illinois River Basin"},{"id":361723,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7924","text":"WRI 79–24","description":"WRI 79–24","linkHelpText":"Chemical Analyses of Surface Water in Illinois, 1975–77—Volume II, Illinois River Basin and Mississippi River Tributaries North of Illinois River 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U.S. Geological Survey
405 North Goodwin
Urbana, IL 61801
Twenty-eight Ohio lakes (14 per year) were sampled by the U.S. Geological Survey and Ohio Environmental Protection Agency for the water-quality characteristics during the spring and summer of 1976 and 1977. Data items included: profiles of temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, and specific conductance; physical, biological, nutrient, and organic characteristics; major and minor constituents; and physical and chemical data associated with major inflows.
Light penetration (secchi disk) was greatest (21 feet) in Mogadore Reservoir and least (0.8 foot) in Stonelick Lake. Seasonal thermal gradients developed in most lakes greater than 17 feet in depth.
Dissolved-oxygen saturation ranged from 220 percent in Summit Lake to zero percent in the bottom waters of all lakes having stable thermal gradients. Five-day BOD ranged from 0.3 milligrams per liter im Michael J. Kirwan Reservoir to more than 17 milligrams per liter in Nimisilia Reservoir. Anaerobic zones were frequently characterized by hydrogen sulfide and high concentrations of ammonia.
All lakes had moderately hard to very hard waters. Calcium, bicarbonate, and sulfate were the principal constituents. Specific conductance ranged from 130 micromhos (Lake Logan) to 1250 micromhos (Summit Lake). Because of nutrient uptake and recycling, significant chemical and physical differences developed in different thermal strata. Pesticide residues and trace elements were not above the limits recommended by the Ohio Environmental Protection Agency.
All counts of fecal colifrom bacteria were within State standards. Blue-green algae (Cyanophyta) dominated the phytoplankton communities of 18 lakes in spring and 26 lakes in summer. Algal counts from euphotic-zone composite samples ranged from 180 cells per milliliter in Killdeer Reservoir to 3,400,000 cells per milliliter in Kiser Lake. Maximum algal counts were greater than 100,000 cells per milliliter in 19 lakes.
Streams ate a major source of macronutrients in Ohio lakes. The estimated discharge-weighted mean concentration for nitrite and total phosphorus in 62 inflow samples was 1.22 milligrams per liter as N and 0.12 milligrams per liter as P.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri78109","usgsCitation":"Tobin, R.L., and Youger, J.D., 1979, Chemical and biological quality of selected lakes in Ohio, 1976 and 1977: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 78-109, xvii, 291 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri78109.","productDescription":"xvii, 291 p.","numberOfPages":"312","costCenters":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":159262,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":333370,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1978/0109/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e1e4b07f02db5e48c6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tobin, Robert L.","contributorId":76289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tobin","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Youger, John D.","contributorId":46961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Youger","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":28967,"text":"wri7915 - 1979 - Variation of alluvial-channel width with discharge and character of sediment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-06T13:49:27","indexId":"wri7915","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-15","title":"Variation of alluvial-channel width with discharge and character of sediment","docAbstract":"Use of channel measurements to estimate discharge characteristics of alluvial streams has shown that little agreement exists for the exponent of the width-discharge relation. For the equation Q = aWAb, where Q is mean discharge and WA is active-channel width, it is proposed that the exponent, b, should be of fixed value for most natural, perennial, alluvial stream channels and that the coefficient, a, varies with the characteristics of the bed and bank material.
Three groups of perennial stream channels with differing characteristics were selected for study using consistent procedures of data collection. A common feature of the groups was general channel stability, that is, absence of excessive widening by erosive discharges. Group 1 consisted of 32 channels of gradient exceeding 0.0080, low suspended-sediment discharge, high channel roughness, and low discharge variability. Group 2 consisted of 13 streams in Kansas having at least 70 percent silt and clay in the bed material and having similar discharge variability, climate, gradient, and riparian vegetation. Group 3, in southern Missouri, consisted of discharge channels of 18 springs having similar conditions of very low discharge variability, climate and vegetation, but variable bed and bank material. Values for the exponent for the three groups of data are 1.98, 1.97, and 1.97, respectively, whereas values of the coefficients are 0.017, 0.042, and 0.011 when discharge is expressed in cubic meters per second and width is in meters. The relation for high-gradient channels (group 1) is supported by published data from laboratory flumes.
The similarity of the three values of the exponent demonstrates that a standard exponent of 2.0, significant to two figures, is reasonable for the width-mean discharge relation of perennial, alluvial stream channels, and that the exponent is independent of other variables. Using a fixed exponent of 2.0, a family of simple power-function equations was developed expressing the manner in which channel sediment affects the width-discharge relation.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri7915","usgsCitation":"Osterkamp, W.R., 1979, Variation of alluvial-channel width with discharge and character of sediment: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 79-15, iv, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7915.","productDescription":"iv, 11 p.","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158359,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0015/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":349806,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0015/report.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49a0e4b07f02db5bd7d0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Osterkamp, W. R.","contributorId":46044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Osterkamp","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":29732,"text":"wri79108 - 1979 - Water-quality characteristics of streams in forested and rural areas of North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-24T08:19:01","indexId":"wri79108","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-108","title":"Water-quality characteristics of streams in forested and rural areas of North Carolina","docAbstract":"Data collected in North Carolina during 1973-78 from a statewide network of 39 rural sampling sites were used to define unpolluted or baseline stream quality. The basins were 90 to 100 percent forested and, except for the unknown effects of air pollution, were relatively unaffected by man 's activities. Five distinct geochemical zones were delineated across the State. The chemical characteristics of surface waters in each zone are similar. Mean and other statistical values for major dissolved constituents, nutrients, and minor elements in base runoff and storm runoff were determined. Twenty additional rural sites were located in basins where farming activities ranged from 15 to 55 percent of basins ' land area. Data from these 20 sites were used for comparison with data from the 39 unpolluted sites to determine the increase in constituent levels caused by man. For basins where farming activities accounted for 20 or more percent of total land use, phosphorus levels were 2 to 13 times greater than those from the forested basins and several major constituents were 2 to 3 times greater. Concentrations of minor elements were essentially the same in both developed and undeveloped basins. (Kosco-USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division,","doi":"10.3133/wri79108","usgsCitation":"Simmons, C.E., and Heath, R., 1979, Water-quality characteristics of streams in forested and rural areas of North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 79-108, v, 49 p. :ill., maps ;26 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri79108.","productDescription":"v, 49 p. :ill., maps ;26 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":160488,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0108/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58539,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0108/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North 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Carolina\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49ffe4b07f02db5f7611","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Simmons, Clyde E.","contributorId":71528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simmons","given":"Clyde","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Heath, Ralph C.","contributorId":53359,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heath","given":"Ralph C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":28463,"text":"wri78125 - 1979 - Hydrologic data from urban watersheds in the Tampa Bay area, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-05T09:46:54","indexId":"wri78125","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-125","title":"Hydrologic data from urban watersheds in the Tampa Bay area, Florida","docAbstract":"Hydrologic data are being collected in 10 urbanized watersheds located in the Tampa Bay area, Florida. The gaged watersheds have impervious areas that range from 19 percent for a residential watershed in north Tampa to nearly 100 percent for a downtown Tampa watershed. Land-use types, including roads, residential, commercial, industrial, institutional, recreational , and open space, have been determined for each watershed. Rainfall and storm runoff data collected since 1971 for one site and since 1975 for six other sites through September 1976, have been processed. These data are recorded at 5-minute intervals and are stored in the U. S. Geological Survey WATSTORE unit values file. Daily rainfall at 12 sites and daily pan evaporation at one site have been stored in the WATSTORE daily values file. Chemical and biological analyses of storm runoff for six sites, base flow for seven sites, and analyses of bottom material for seven sites are also stored in the WATSTORE water-quality files. Rainfall and storm runoff for selected storms, daily rainfall, and daily pan-evaporation data are summarized in this report. Water-quality analyses of all water-quality samples also are listed. (Woodard-USGS).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri78125","usgsCitation":"Lopez, M., and Michaelis, D., 1979, Hydrologic data from urban watersheds in the Tampa Bay area, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 78-125, v, 51 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri78125.","productDescription":"v, 51 p. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":366182,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1978/0125/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":159306,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1978/0125/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Tampa Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.7435302734375,\n 27.566721430409707\n ],\n [\n -82.3699951171875,\n 27.566721430409707\n ],\n [\n -82.3699951171875,\n 28.04289477256162\n ],\n [\n -82.7435302734375,\n 28.04289477256162\n ],\n [\n -82.7435302734375,\n 27.566721430409707\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1be4b07f02db6076c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lopez, Miguel A.","contributorId":32202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lopez","given":"Miguel A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Michaelis, D.M.","contributorId":44896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michaelis","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":30844,"text":"ofr79720 - 1979 - Resource report for proposed OCS lease sale 57: Norton Basin, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-28T22:05:52.000445","indexId":"ofr79720","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-720","title":"Resource report for proposed OCS lease sale 57: Norton Basin, Alaska","docAbstract":"This report is a summary of information about an area of the northern Bering Sea continental shelf that is bounded by the Seward Peninsula on the north, by the line of the United States-Russia Convention of 1867 on the west, and by St. Lawrence Island and the coastline that rims Norton Sound on the south and east. Scholl and Hopkins (1969) report that a sedimentary basin underlies the offshore area. More recent data, which form the basis of part of this report, show the basin is deepest beneath Norton Sound; also, the basin has sufficient depth and areal extent that the basin may be a target for development of hydrocarbon resources after Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) Lease Sale 57. The informal, but widely used, name for the basin is Norton Basin.
The following discussion includes regional geology, geologic history, and offshore structure and stratigraphy as background data to discussion of the hydrocarbon potential and resource appraisal of the offshore area. Sections on environmental geology and on the technology and manpower needed and available for development of offshore resources are also included.