{"pageNumber":"1694","pageRowStart":"42325","pageSize":"25","recordCount":68937,"records":[{"id":30609,"text":"wri934223 - 1993 - Element concentrations in growth rings of trees near an abandoned wood-preserving plant site at Jackson, Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:13","indexId":"wri934223","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-4223","title":"Element concentrations in growth rings of trees near an abandoned wood-preserving plant site at Jackson, Tennessee","docAbstract":"Multielement analysis was performed on individual annual rings of trees growing at and near an abandoned wood-preserving plant site in Jackson, Tennessee, that operated from the early 1930's until 1981. Numerous organic compounds associated with the wood-preserving process have been detected in soils, ground water, and surface water within much of the site. Tree-ring investigations were conducted prior to investigations of ground water downgradient from the site to determine if trees preserved an areal and temporal record of contaminant movement into offsite areas.  Increment cores were collected from trees on the abandoned plant site, in downgradient areas west and south of the site, and at two locations presumably unaffected by contamination from the site. Multielement analysis by proton-induced X-ray emission was performed on 5 to 15 individual growth rings from each of 34 trees that ranged in age from about 5 to 50 years. Concentrations of 16 elements were evaluated by analyzing average concentrations within the 1987, 1989, and 1990 rings of all trees; analyzing element-concentration trends along entire core radii; and analyzing element correlations between and among trees.  Concentrations of some nutrients and trace metals were elevated in the outermost sapwood rings of some trees that grow south and southwest of the most contaminated part of the site; small trees on the main part of the site and larger trees to the west generally contained fewer rings with elevated concentrations, particularly of trace metals. Concentrations of several elements elevated in tree rings also were elevated in water samples collected from the reach of a stream that flows near the southwestern part of the site.  Multielement analysis of each ring of a willow growing along the southern boundary of the site detected extremely large concentrations of chromium, nickel, and iron in rings that formed in 1986 and thereafter. Relative increases in the concentrations of these elements also were detected in a silver maple growing next to the willow, but not in another silver maple growing 150 meters farther to the west. An oak growing in the southwestern part of the study area contained large concentrations of calcium and several trace elements, and some trees south of the abandoned site contained large concentrations of phosphorus or potassium.  Concentrations of trace metals and nutrients in some trees may be related to wood-preserving activities at the site and possibly to remedial efforts conducted during the early to mid 1980's.However, the possibility cannot be discounted that large concentrations of some elements are from sources other than the wood-preserving facility, or in part from flooding of the South Fork Forked Deer River.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nU.S.G.S. Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri934223","usgsCitation":"Yanosky, T., and Carmichael, J.K., 1993, Element concentrations in growth rings of trees near an abandoned wood-preserving plant site at Jackson, Tennessee: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4223, iv, 68 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri934223.","productDescription":"iv, 68 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123933,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4223/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59376,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4223/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db605ce0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yanosky, T.M.","contributorId":42263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yanosky","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carmichael, J. K.","contributorId":90276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carmichael","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":26222,"text":"wri924193 - 1993 - Ground-water-level fluctuations in the Cochiti Dam-Peña Blanca area, Sandoval County, New Mexico, 1976-89","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-19T22:39:17.105013","indexId":"wri924193","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"92-4193","title":"Ground-water-level fluctuations in the Cochiti Dam-Peña Blanca area, Sandoval County, New Mexico, 1976-89","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri924193","usgsCitation":"Blanchard, P.J., 1993, Ground-water-level fluctuations in the Cochiti Dam-Peña Blanca area, Sandoval County, New Mexico, 1976-89: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 92-4193, vi, 72 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri924193.","productDescription":"vi, 72 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394548,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47734.htm"},{"id":55023,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4193/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123092,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4193/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","county":"Sandoval County","otherGeospatial":"Cochiti Dam - Pena Blanca area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -106.3606,\n              35.5494\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.2889,\n              35.5494\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.2889,\n              35.625\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.3606,\n              35.625\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.3606,\n              35.5494\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a96e4b07f02db65a1ea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blanchard, P. J.","contributorId":67926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blanchard","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":17828,"text":"ofr9340 - 1993 - Water-quality assessment of the Delmarva Peninsula, Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia--Effects of agricultural activities on, and distribution of, nitrate and other inorganic constituents in the surficial aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-16T20:17:46.299769","indexId":"ofr9340","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-40","title":"Water-quality assessment of the Delmarva Peninsula, Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia--Effects of agricultural activities on, and distribution of, nitrate and other inorganic constituents in the surficial aquifer","docAbstract":"Agricultural applications of inorganic fertilizers and manure have changed the natural chemical com- position of water in the surficial aquifer through- out the Delmarva Peninsula. Nitrate, derived from nitrification of ammonia in inorganic fertilizers and manure, is the dominant anion in agricultural areas. Concentrations of nitrate in 185 water samples collected in agricultural areas ranged from 0.4 to 48 mg/L as nitrogen, with a median concen- tration of 8.2 mg/L as nitrogen. Nitrate concen- trations exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's maximum contaminant level for drinking water of 10 mg/L as nitrogen in about 33% of the 185 water samples. Groundwater affected by agricultural activities contains significantly higher concentrations of dissolved constituents than does natural groundwater.  Concentrations of calcium and magnesium are higher because of liming of soils, and concentrations of potassium and chloride are higher because of applications of potash, a supple- ment to the nitrogen-based fertilizers. Alkalinity concentrations commonly are decreased because the bicarbonate ion is consumed in buffering reactions with acid that is produced during nitrification. Effects of agricultural activities on groundwater quality are not limited to the near-surface parts of the aquifer underlying farm fields. Elevated concentrations are common in aerobic water at or near the base of the aquifer, 80 to 100 ft below land surface. The median concentration of nitrate in water beneath agricultural areas collected from 24 wells deeper than 80 ft below land surface was 8.5 mg/L as nitrogen, and concentrations in 9 of these water samples exceeded the maximum contaminant level. Regional variations in concentrations of nitrate and other agriculture related constituents in the surficial aquifer in the Delmarva Peninsula depend on a number of factors that include geomorphology, geology, soils, land use, and groundwater-flow patterns. (USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr9340","usgsCitation":"Hamilton, P.A., Denver, J.M., Phillips, P.J., and Shedlock, R.J., 1993, Water-quality assessment of the Delmarva Peninsula, Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia--Effects of agricultural activities on, and distribution of, nitrate and other inorganic constituents in the surficial aquifer: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-40, Report: 95 p.; Application Site, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9340.","productDescription":"Report: 95 p.; Application Site","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":149757,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0040/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":47067,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0040/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":270168,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0040/application.zip"},{"id":392467,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_12605.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware, Maryland, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Delmarva Peninsula","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -76.2890625,\n              37.33522435930639\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.0146484375,\n              37.33522435930639\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.0146484375,\n              39.57182223734374\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.2890625,\n              39.57182223734374\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.2890625,\n              37.33522435930639\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publicComments":"The USGS does not support this software or technical questions for the software associated with the publication.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e1e4b07f02db5e4912","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hamilton, P. A.","contributorId":7247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Denver, J. M.","contributorId":100356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denver","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Phillips, P. J.","contributorId":31728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shedlock, R. J.","contributorId":91510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shedlock","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":26224,"text":"wri934065 - 1993 - Reconnaissance investigation of water quality, bottom sediment, and biota associated with irrigation drainage in the San Juan River area, San Juan County, northwestern New Mexico, 1990-91","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:31","indexId":"wri934065","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-4065","title":"Reconnaissance investigation of water quality, bottom sediment, and biota associated with irrigation drainage in the San Juan River area, San Juan County, northwestern New Mexico, 1990-91","docAbstract":"Selenium concentrations larger than established standards and criteria were present in Gallegos Canyon and Ojo Amarillo Canyon drainages on the Navajo Indian Irrigation Project, a pond on the West Hammond Irrigation Project, and a drain on the Hogback Irrigation Project, New Mexico. Ground-water return flow from irrigated areas contributes substantially to surface water at these sites. Selenium concentrations in 11 surface-water samples from these four areas exceeded the State of New Mexico standard of 5 micrograms per liter for the protection of fisheries. Selenium concentrations in five bottom-sediment samples from three of these areas ranged from 4.5 to 38 micrograms per gram; the geometric mean concentration of selenium in Western United States soils is 0.23 microgram per gram.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division ;\r\nU.S. Geological Survey, Books and Open-File Reports [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri934065","usgsCitation":"Blanchard, P.J., Roy, R.R., and O’Brien, T., 1993, Reconnaissance investigation of water quality, bottom sediment, and biota associated with irrigation drainage in the San Juan River area, San Juan County, northwestern New Mexico, 1990-91: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4065, vii, 141 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri934065.","productDescription":"vii, 141 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158074,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4065/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55024,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4065/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6ce4b07f02db63eab6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blanchard, P. J.","contributorId":67926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blanchard","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roy, Richard R.","contributorId":84801,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roy","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O’Brien, T.F.","contributorId":86309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Brien","given":"T.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":29791,"text":"wri924190 - 1993 - Ground-water conditions in Pecos County, Texas, 1987","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-26T10:06:44","indexId":"wri924190","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"92-4190","title":"Ground-water conditions in Pecos County, Texas, 1987","docAbstract":"<p>A comparison of 1987 water levels with historical (1940-49) water levels in the Edwards-Trinity (Plateau) aquifer indicated that water levels declined more than 50 feet in three locations in the Leon-Belding irrigation area, in an area north of Fort Stockton, and in a well east of Bakersfield. Maximum measured declines were 54 and 82 feet in the Leon-Belding irrigation area. The maximum measured rise was 55 feet in one well in east-central Pecos County.</p>\n<p>The chemical quality of water in the Edwards-Trinity aquifer of Pecos County varied greatly during 1987. Most wells in the eastern, southern, and southwestern parts of the county had water with a specific conductance of 1,000 <span>&mu;</span>S/cm (microsiemens per centimeter at 25 &deg;C) or less. Three areas that had anomalously large specific conductances in ground water in north-central Pecos County are associated with water issuing from Santa Rosa, Diamond Y, and Comanche Springs. Specific conductance in water from wells and springs ranged from 311 <span>&mu;</span>S/cm in south-central Pecos County to 9,600 <span>&mu;</span>S/cm in the north. Dissolved sulfate concentrations ranged from 17 to 2,300 mg/L (milligrams per liter), and dissolved chloride concentrations ranged from 12 to 1,400 mg/L. Dissolved-solids concentrations ranged from 251 to 5,580 mg/L. Total nitrite plus nitrate concentrations (considered to be all nitrate for this report) ranged from less than 0.1 to 8.9 mg/L. Chemical water types range from calcium bicarbonate to calcium sulfate to sodium chloride.</p>\n<p>Historical (1940-49) and 1987 dissolved-solids concentrations were compared to identify potential changes in water quality. In some local areas, dissolved-solids concentrations decreased as much as 1,630 mg/L. The increase in dissolved-solids concentrations in water from wells and springs ranged from 5 to 4,894 mg/L. Maximum increases in dissolved-solids concentrations were 3,290 mg/L in water from Comanche Springs and 4,894 mg/L in water from Santa Rosa Springs. The increases may represent a mixing of Edwards-Trinity water with moderately saline water from underlying rocks of Permian age, or an accumulation of salts from surface-water sources.</p>\n<p>Comanche Springs, dry since 1961, began flowing again in October 1986, following several weeks of record or near-record precipitation in Fort Stockton and the Trans-Pecos region. Accelerated recharge from the increased precipitation, combined with a cessation of irrigation pumpage in August 1986, probably were responsible. The springs ceased flowing in May 1987, following the start of irrigation pumpage in February 1987. Correlation between flow from Comanche Springs and water levels in Fort Stockton city well no. 2 in the Leon-Belding irrigation area indicates that the springs are unlikely to flow when the depth to water in this well exceeds about 232 feet.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri924190","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Fort Stockton, Texas","usgsCitation":"Small, T.A., and Ozuna, G., 1993, Ground-water conditions in Pecos County, Texas, 1987: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 92-4190, 9 Plates: 27.32 x 18.95 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri924190.","productDescription":"9 Plates: 27.32 x 18.95 inches or smaller","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science 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T. A.","contributorId":105731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Small","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ozuna, G. B.","contributorId":25205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ozuna","given":"G. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":44717,"text":"wri924120 - 1993 - Water-level maps of the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer in eastern Arkansas, 1989","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:09","indexId":"wri924120","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"92-4120","title":"Water-level maps of the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer in eastern Arkansas, 1989","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri924120","usgsCitation":"Westerfield, P.W., and Gonthier, G., 1993, Water-level maps of the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer in eastern Arkansas, 1989: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 92-4120, 4 maps on 1 sheet ; sheet 104 x 154 cm., folded in envelope 32 x 24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri924120.","productDescription":"4 maps on 1 sheet ; sheet 104 x 154 cm., folded in envelope 32 x 24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":162781,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e6e4b07f02db5e7507","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Westerfield, Paul W.","contributorId":30599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Westerfield","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gonthier, Gerard  0000-0003-4078-8579 gonthier@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4078-8579","contributorId":3141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gonthier","given":"Gerard ","email":"gonthier@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":230311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":19465,"text":"ofr93172 - 1993 - Water quality of an urban wet detention pond in Madison, Wisconsin, 1987-88","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-19T09:17:49","indexId":"ofr93172","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-172","title":"Water quality of an urban wet detention pond in Madison, Wisconsin, 1987-88","docAbstract":"<p>A 5,670-sq m wet detention pond was monitored by the U.S. Geological Survey to determine its effect on the water quality of urban runoff. The pond has a drainage area of 0.96-sq km, composed primarily of single-family residential land use. Event-mean concentrations (EMC) were determined from samples collected for sediment, nutrients, and selected metals at the pond's inflow and outflow sites. EMC samples were collected for 64 runoff events during the study period from February 1987 to April 1988. Storm precipitation ranged from 1 to 51 mm during these events. Inflow and outflow EMC and constituent loads were compared to determine the trap efficiency of the pond. Trap efficiency varied considerably among water-quality constituents. In general, the detention pond decreased the EMC of sampled constituents at the outlet compared to the inlet. The median decrease in EMC for suspended solids was 88 percent, 60 percent for total chemical oxygen demand (COD), 43 percent for total phosphorus, 38 percent for total Kjeldahl nitrogen, 65 percent for total nitrite plus nitrate, and 71 percent for total lead. A notable exception to the general decrease in EMC is for chloride. The EMC for chloride was generally higher in outflow from the pond than in the inflow. This is attributed to an unmonitored influx of chloride to the pond during the winter that subsequently was flushed out during monitored runoff events. The total study-period loads of most constituents were less leaving the pond than the loads entering it. This decrease is attributed to the constituents transported on suspended sediment being deposited in the pond. The decrease in total load of suspended solids was 88 percent, 62 percent for total COD, 58 percent for total phosphorus, 46 percent for total Kjeldahl nitrogen, 62 percent for total nitrite plus nitrate, 97 percent for total copper, and 93 percent for total lead. (USGS)</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr93172","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"House, L.B., Waschbusch, R., and Hughes, P., 1993, Water quality of an urban wet detention pond in Madison, Wisconsin, 1987-88: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-172, v, 57 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr93172.","productDescription":"v, 57 p.","numberOfPages":"62","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":151548,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0172/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":48940,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0172/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","county":"Dane","city":"Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Lake Wingra","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -89.45300102233885,\n              43.03533293549335\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.45300102233885,\n              43.07026720632101\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.40227508544922,\n              43.07026720632101\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.40227508544922,\n              43.03533293549335\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.45300102233885,\n              43.03533293549335\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f7e4b07f02db5f2591","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"House, L. B.","contributorId":49386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"House","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Waschbusch, R.J.","contributorId":107307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waschbusch","given":"R.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hughes, P.E.","contributorId":104083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hughes","given":"P.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":19142,"text":"ofr93175 - 1993 - Water-Resources Division handbook for employees","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:25","indexId":"ofr93175","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-175","title":"Water-Resources Division handbook for employees","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nEarth Science Information Center, Open-File Report Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr93175","usgsCitation":"Green, J.H., 1993, Water-Resources Division handbook for employees: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-175, vi, 68 p. :ill. ;23 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr93175.","productDescription":"vi, 68 p. :ill. ;23 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":150890,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0175/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":48608,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0175/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f1e4b07f02db5ee32b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Green, J. H.","contributorId":43312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":180383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":29869,"text":"wri924070 - 1993 - Physical extent, recharge areas, relative potential for recharge and contamination, and quality of water in the principal aquifers, western Kane County, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:59","indexId":"wri924070","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"92-4070","title":"Physical extent, recharge areas, relative potential for recharge and contamination, and quality of water in the principal aquifers, western Kane County, Utah","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"For sale by Books and Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri924070","usgsCitation":"Spangler, L., Freethey, G., and Green, G.A., 1993, Physical extent, recharge areas, relative potential for recharge and contamination, and quality of water in the principal aquifers, western Kane County, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 92-4070, v, 50 p. :ill., maps (2 col.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri924070.","productDescription":"v, 50 p. :ill., maps (2 col.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123245,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4070/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58679,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4070/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58680,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4070/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685b6b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spangler, L.E.","contributorId":54230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spangler","given":"L.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Freethey, G. W.","contributorId":105714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freethey","given":"G. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Green, G. A.","contributorId":104095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":30146,"text":"wri934149 - 1993 - Geohydrologic framework and hydrologic conditions in the Albuquerque Basin, central New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:03","indexId":"wri934149","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-4149","title":"Geohydrologic framework and hydrologic conditions in the Albuquerque Basin, central New Mexico","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division ;\r\nCopies of this report can be purchased from: U.S. Geological Survey, Books and Open-File Reports, Federal Center,","doi":"10.3133/wri934149","usgsCitation":"Thorn, C.R., McAda, D.P., and Kernodle, J.M., 1993, Geohydrologic framework and hydrologic conditions in the Albuquerque Basin, central New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4149, viii, 106 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri934149.","productDescription":"viii, 106 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119484,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4149/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58958,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4149/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58959,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4149/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8eb7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thorn, C. R.","contributorId":100879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorn","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McAda, D. P.","contributorId":93066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McAda","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kernodle, J. M.","contributorId":81139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kernodle","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":30414,"text":"wri914190 - 1993 - Ground-water hydrology of the lower Wolftever Creek basin, with emphasis on the Carson Spring area, Hamilton County, Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:58","indexId":"wri914190","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"91-4190","title":"Ground-water hydrology of the lower Wolftever Creek basin, with emphasis on the Carson Spring area, Hamilton County, Tennessee","docAbstract":"An investigation of the ground-water-flow system that supplies Carson Spring and the surrounding lower Wolftever Creek basin northeast of Chattanooga, Tennessee, was conducted from September 1986 through December 1989. About two-thirds of the lower basin is underlain by the Chepultepec Dolomite of Ordovician age. Test drilling within a few miles of the spring showed that numerous solution cavities have developed in this formation; many are partly or completely plugged with cherty gravels and mud. In the recharge area to the spring, the formation can provide yields of 100 to perhaps 600 gallons of water per minute to bedrock wells. A well that penetrated a well-integrated cavity system underlying Carson Spring was tested at 2,000 gallons per minute.\r\n\r\nFrom May 1987 through December 1989, mean daily withdrawals from four wells at Carson Spring ranged from 4.78 to 5.83 cubic feet per second; mean daily spring discharge, which includes withdrawals, ranged from 5.53 to 5.79 cubic feet per second. For a 16-month drought period during 1987 and 1988, withdrawals from these wells exceeded natural spring discharge, and demonstrates that for a period of many consecutive months, the aquifer supplying the spring is capable of yielding more water than the spring would have discharged under natural conditions.\r\n\r\nAlthough the lower basin encompasses 17 square miles, the Carson Spring recharge area probably is not greater than 9 square miles. Most water not captured by cavities supplying the spring is discharged to Wolftever Creek. In the lower basin, the rate of ground-water discharge to the creek is about twice the average rate of discharge (0.25 cubic foot per second per square mile of drainage area) to area streams.\r\n\r\nPrincipal constituents in ground water in the lower basin are calcium and bicarbonate, or calcium, magnesium, and bicarbonate. Specific conductance commonly ranges from 100 to 700 microsiemens per centimeter, and pH usually ranges from about 7 to 8. Overall, the ground water is of good quality and suitable for most uses. Several potential sources of degradation are present and arise from industrial, municipal, and domestic activities.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri914190","usgsCitation":"Webster, D., and Carmichael, J.K., 1993, Ground-water hydrology of the lower Wolftever Creek basin, with emphasis on the Carson Spring area, Hamilton County, Tennessee: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4190, v, 47 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri914190.","productDescription":"v, 47 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":2375,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri914190/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":126760,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_91_4190.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa9e4b07f02db66842a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Webster, D.A.","contributorId":44532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webster","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carmichael, J. K.","contributorId":90276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carmichael","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":29429,"text":"wri934139 - 1993 - Hydrology of Little Rock Lake in Vilas County, north-central Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-26T13:06:09","indexId":"wri934139","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-4139","title":"Hydrology of Little Rock Lake in Vilas County, north-central Wisconsin","docAbstract":"<p>Water budgets were developed for Little Rock Lake for October 1983 through September 1990 as part of a study to evaluate the chemical and biological effects of artificially acidifying one basin of the two-basin lake. The 17.9-hectare seepage lake is situated in 60- to 90-meter-thick, predominantly sand and gravel glacial deposits of Vilas County, north-central Wisconsin. Annual precipitation during the study varied from 647 to 926 mm (millimeters). Average annual precipitation during 1951-80, based on nearby National Weather Service stations, was 825 mm. Annual evaporation from the lake surface ranged from 495 to 648 mm. Total lake-stage fluctuation was 930 mm during the study. Lake volume at the maximum stage was 31 percent greater than at the minimum lake stage. Inflow to the lake was dominated by precipitation, which was about 99 percent of total inflow. Ground-water inflow to the lake was transient, occurring only intermittently during October 1983 through September 1986, and amounted to only about 1 percent of total inflow. No ground water flowed into the lake from October 1986 through September 1990. Evaporation accounted for about two-thirds of total outflow from the lake, and lake water discharging to the underlying aquifer accounted for the remainder. The average hydraulic residence times for the 7-year study period were 3.9, 3.3, and 4 years for the entire lake, the south basin, and the north basin, respectively; corresponding chemical residence times were 10.9, 9.3, and 10 years.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri934139","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Rose, W.J., 1993, Hydrology of Little Rock Lake in Vilas County, north-central Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4139, v, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri934139.","productDescription":"v, 22 p.","numberOfPages":"27","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119511,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4139/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58277,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4139/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","county":"Vilas County","otherGeospatial":"Little Rock Lake","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-88.9879,46.0971],[-88.9329,46.0746],[-88.9332,45.9822],[-89.0478,45.9822],[-89.0477,45.8953],[-89.1091,45.8973],[-89.1752,45.8993],[-89.1754,45.859],[-89.3008,45.8606],[-89.3007,45.9014],[-89.3628,45.8987],[-89.4256,45.8987],[-89.5498,45.8988],[-89.6741,45.8987],[-89.7571,45.8985],[-89.797,45.898],[-89.8199,45.8984],[-89.9212,45.8981],[-89.9846,45.8974],[-90.0428,45.8972],[-90.0442,45.9823],[-90.0134,45.9824],[-89.9853,45.9821],[-89.9289,45.9818],[-89.9282,46.0693],[-89.9288,46.1558],[-89.9287,46.2428],[-89.929,46.3],[-89.7599,46.268],[-89.7368,46.2636],[-89.5829,46.2347],[-89.5331,46.2252],[-89.5133,46.2215],[-89.4272,46.2048],[-89.3759,46.1949],[-89.2666,46.1737],[-89.2302,46.1662],[-89.0854,46.1365],[-88.9879,46.0971]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Vilas\",\"state\":\"WI\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a17e4b07f02db6048af","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rose, W. J.","contributorId":14433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":44791,"text":"wri914151 - 1993 - Properties and chemical constituents in ground water from permeable zone C (lower Pliocene-upper Miocene deposits), coastal lowlands aquifer system, south-central United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:55","indexId":"wri914151","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"91-4151","title":"Properties and chemical constituents in ground water from permeable zone C (lower Pliocene-upper Miocene deposits), coastal lowlands aquifer system, south-central United States","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri914151","usgsCitation":"Pettijohn, R.A., Busby, J., and Cervantes, M.A., 1993, Properties and chemical constituents in ground water from permeable zone C (lower Pliocene-upper Miocene deposits), coastal lowlands aquifer system, south-central United States: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4151, 17 maps on 5 sheets : col. ; each 38 x 41 cm., sheets 97 x 97 cm. or smaller, folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri914151.","productDescription":"17 maps on 5 sheets : col. ; each 38 x 41 cm., sheets 97 x 97 cm. or smaller, folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":168695,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1991/4151/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":82129,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1991/4151/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d88d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pettijohn, Robert A.","contributorId":77502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pettijohn","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Busby, John F.","contributorId":42186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Busby","given":"John F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cervantes, Michael A.","contributorId":76385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cervantes","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":19223,"text":"ofr93116 - 1993 - Description of water-resource-related data compiled for Harvey County, south-central Kansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:32","indexId":"ofr93116","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-116","title":"Description of water-resource-related data compiled for Harvey County, south-central Kansas","docAbstract":"Site, construction, geologic, water-level, water- quality, water-withdrawal, and well-survey data for sites in Harvey County were compiled in cooper- ation with the Harvey County Health Department as part of the Kansas Department of Health and Environment's Local Environmental Protection Program (LEPP). These data were entered into a relational data-base management system (RDBMS) to facilitate the analysis required to meet the LEPP goals of developing plans for nonpoint-source management and for public-water-supply protection. The data in the RDBMS are organized into digital data sets. The data sets contain the water- resource-related data compiled by the U.S. Geological Survey for 668 wells; by the Kansas Department of Health and Environment for 1,636 wells, 6 public-water-supply systems, 6 streams, and 2 surface-water impoundments; by the Kansas State Board of Agriculture for 423 wells and 26 streams or impoundments; by well-drilling con- tractors and the Kansas Geological Survey for 126 wells; and by Harvey County for 89 wells. In addition, data on 761 wells and 133 sites without wells resulting from a survey of rural landowners and residents by Harvey County as a part of the LEPP are contained in another data set. The data in these 7 data sets are available from the Harvey County Health Department in Newton, Kansas. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nU.S.G.S. Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr93116","usgsCitation":"Hansen, C.V., 1993, Description of water-resource-related data compiled for Harvey County, south-central Kansas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-116, vi, 29 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr93116.","productDescription":"vi, 29 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":151359,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0116/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":48684,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0116/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db669837","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hansen, C. V.","contributorId":74749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":30248,"text":"wri934131 - 1993 - Lateral movement and stability of channel banks near two highway crossings in the Pascagoula River basin in Mississippi","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:55","indexId":"wri934131","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-4131","title":"Lateral movement and stability of channel banks near two highway crossings in the Pascagoula River basin in Mississippi","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nEarth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri934131","usgsCitation":"Turnipseed, D., 1993, Lateral movement and stability of channel banks near two highway crossings in the Pascagoula River basin in Mississippi: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4131, v, 24 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri934131.","productDescription":"v, 24 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119486,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4131/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59036,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4131/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8a06","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Turnipseed, D.P.","contributorId":59824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turnipseed","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":27824,"text":"wri924179 - 1993 - Water availability, use, and estimated future water demand in the upper Duck River basin, middle Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-29T21:34:56.574567","indexId":"wri924179","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"92-4179","title":"Water availability, use, and estimated future water demand in the upper Duck River basin, middle Tennessee","docAbstract":"The Duck River in Tennessee supplied about 18.9 Mgal of water/d to Tullahoma, Manchester, Lewisburg, Columbia, and other cities. Municipal water use increased to 20.9 Mgal/d in 1990; projections indicate increases in demand for the next 25 yr. Socioeconomic and water use data from the basin for 1989 were used to calibrate the water use models within the Institute for Water Resources Municipal and Industrial Needs (IWR-MAIN) System. The models were used to estimate future water use demand in the basin for the years 1995, 2000, and 2015. Projections showed demands of about 24.3 Mgal/d in 1995; 28.3 Mgal/d in 2000; and 39.0 Mgal/d in 2015. Increases in withdrawals from the Duck River downstream from Shelbyville could reduce the minimum flow at Columbia from 119 to 83.8 cu feet/s. The study also included an overview of the potential for developing groundwater resources in the area. Statistical analyses of yields to 5,938 wells showed that the highest yields are in Coffee County, but 75 percent of the wells in Coffee County produced less than 30 gal/m. However, measurements of streamflow losses along tributaries to the Duck River suggest that the potential for development of groundwater does exist at specific sites.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri924179","usgsCitation":"Hutson, S.S., 1993, Water availability, use, and estimated future water demand in the upper Duck River basin, middle Tennessee: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 92-4179, iv, 39 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri924179.","productDescription":"iv, 39 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":411198,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47723.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":56658,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4179/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158776,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4179/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Tennessee","otherGeospatial":"upper Duck River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -85.875,\n              35.875\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.375,\n              35.875\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.375,\n              35.3333\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.875,\n              35.3333\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.875,\n              35.875\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fce4b07f02db5f5c3a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hutson, S. S.","contributorId":47828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutson","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":29361,"text":"wri934041 - 1993 - Evaluation of organic compounds and trace elements in Amazon Creek Basin, Oregon, September 1990","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-07T08:31:36","indexId":"wri934041","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-4041","title":"Evaluation of organic compounds and trace elements in Amazon Creek Basin, Oregon, September 1990","docAbstract":"Water and bottom sediment were collected from Amazon Creek, Oregon during a summer low-flow condition and analyzed for different classes of organic compounds, including many from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's priority pollutant list. Bottom sediment also was analyzed for trace elements typically associated with urban runoff. Trace-element concentrations in the less than 63 micrometer fraction of Amazon Creek bottom-sediment samples were compared with baseline concentrations (expected 95 percent confidence range) for soils from the Western United States and with concen- trations found in bottom sediment from the Willamette River Basin. Total-digestion concentrations of antimony, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, lead, manganese, mercury, nickel, silver, titanium, and zinc were enriched at some or all sites sampled. Whole-water samples from some sites contained concentrations of several chlorophenoxy-acid herbicides, the organophosphorus insecticide diazinon, and several semivolatile priority pollutants. Classes of compounds not detected in whole-water samples included carbamate insecticides, triazine and other nitrogen-containing herbicides, and purgeable organic compounds. Bottom-sediment samples contained many organochlorine compounds, including chlordane, DDT plus metabolites, dieldrin, endrin, heptachlor epoxide (a metabolite of heptachlor), and PCBs at some or all sites sampled. Twenty-four of 54 semivolatile compounds were detected in bottom- sediment samples at some or all sites sampled.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nU.S. Geological Survey, Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri934041","usgsCitation":"Rinella, F.A., 1993, Evaluation of organic compounds and trace elements in Amazon Creek Basin, Oregon, September 1990: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4041, vi, 41 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri934041.","productDescription":"vi, 41 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":58210,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4041/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":122940,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4041/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5faca0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rinella, F. A.","contributorId":89120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rinella","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":28896,"text":"wri934052 - 1993 - Hydrology and water chemistry of shallow aquifers along the upper Clark Fork, western Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:49","indexId":"wri934052","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-4052","title":"Hydrology and water chemistry of shallow aquifers along the upper Clark Fork, western Montana","docAbstract":"Shallow ground-water resources in western Montana have been developed primarily in Quaternary alluvium and Tertiary deposits, although bedrock supplies water to wells locally. Well-yield and trans- missivity values were largest (medians of 40 gallons per minute and 970 feet squared per day, respec- tively) in alluvium and smallest (medians of 15 gallons per minute and 130 feet squared per day, respectively) in bedrock. Chemical composition of ground water was dominated by calcium, magnesium, and bicarbonate derived from dissolution of carbonate minerals. Other water types may be the result of ion exchange (increased sodium) and mixing of geothermal water or leachate from mine wastes (increased sulfate). Although concen- trations of arsenic were relatively small (maximum of 20 micrograms per liter), they were somewhat larger in alluvium within 300 feet of the Clark Fork. Elevated concentrations of cadmium (maximum of 6 micrograms per liter) were measured in water from one well downgradient from tailings ponds. Although mining and smelting activities have resulted in widespread distribution of contami- nants in the Clark Fork valley, this study indicates that ground water contains elevated concentrations of trace elements only locally. Streamflow data indicate significant ground-water inflow to the Clark Fork in two reaches. Between Racetrack and Garrison, irrigation-return flow probably augments naturally occurring ground-water discharge. Between Jens and Cramer Creek, geo- thermal water from bedrock flows through alluvium to the river. In the Clark Fork, the maximum arsenic concentration was 8.1 micrograms per liter; copper and manganese concentrations were largest at Warm Springs (maximums of 14 and 350 micrograms per liter, respectively) and decreased downstream.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nEarth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri934052","usgsCitation":"Nimick, D., 1993, Hydrology and water chemistry of shallow aquifers along the upper Clark Fork, western Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4052, v, 63 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri934052.","productDescription":"v, 63 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124242,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4052/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57771,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4052/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57772,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4052/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e83c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nimick, D. A.","contributorId":70399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimick","given":"D. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":42174,"text":"ofr9327 - 1993 - Altitude and configuration of the potentiometric surface in Plumstead Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania, June 1991 through November 1991","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-13T14:11:03","indexId":"ofr9327","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-27","title":"Altitude and configuration of the potentiometric surface in Plumstead Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania, June 1991 through November 1991","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr9327","usgsCitation":"Schreffler, C.L., 1993, Altitude and configuration of the potentiometric surface in Plumstead Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania, June 1991 through November 1991: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-27, 1 map :photocopy ;62 x 71 cm., on sheet 79 x 87 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9327.","productDescription":"1 map :photocopy ;62 x 71 cm., on sheet 79 x 87 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":173449,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":79910,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0027/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adee4b07f02db687328","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schreffler, Curtis L. clschref@usgs.gov","contributorId":333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreffler","given":"Curtis","email":"clschref@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":226029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":20632,"text":"ofr9393 - 1993 - Ground-water concerns for the Eastern Shore, Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:38","indexId":"ofr9393","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-93","title":"Ground-water concerns for the Eastern Shore, Virginia","docAbstract":"The Eastern Shore of Virginia is a peninsula that is surrounded on three sides by salty water and has no major fresh surface-water sources; groundwater provides the sole freshwater supply. Beginning in about 1965, increases in groundwater withdrawals for agricultural, commercial, urban, and industrial uses have caused water-level declines and have created cone-like depressions in the water-level surface around major pumping centers near the Towns of Accomac, Cape Charles, Cheriton, Chincoteague, Exmore, and Hallwood, Virginia. Increased water withdrawals could adversely affect the supply of fresh groundwater on the Eastern Shore. In 1992, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality and the counties of Accomack and Northampton, completed a comprehensive study of the groundwater resources of the Eastern Shore. This report highlights the major results of that study. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr9393","usgsCitation":"Richardson, D., 1993, Ground-water concerns for the Eastern Shore, Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-93, 4 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9393.","productDescription":"4 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":152380,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0093/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":50160,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0093/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66d30a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Richardson, D.L.","contributorId":22807,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richardson","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":64533,"text":"i2090A - 1993 - Map showing sediment isopachs in the deep-sea basins of the Pacific continental margin, Cape Mendocino to Point Conception","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:58","indexId":"i2090A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2090","subseriesTitle":"NONE","chapter":"A","title":"Map showing sediment isopachs in the deep-sea basins of the Pacific continental margin, Cape Mendocino to Point Conception","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey conducted a series of cruises, EEZSCAN 84 (EEZ-SCAN 84 Scientific Staff, 1986), to collect reconnaissance data on the newly proclaimed Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), the area out to 200 nautical miles from the coastline of the United States. The cruises systematically surveyed the entire conterminous United States west coast EEZ using the Geological Long-Range Inclined Asdic (GLORIA) side-scan sonar, a 160-in<sup>3</sup> airgun seismic-reflection profiler, a 3.5-kHz high-resolution seismic-reflection profiler, a 10-kHz echo sounder, and a proton-precession magnetometer. The nominal trackline spacing throughout the survey was 30 km.\nDerivative maps of sediment thickness (I-2089-A, I-2090-A, I-2091-A) and depth to basement (I-2089-B, I-2090-B, I-2091-B) in the basins of the west coast EEZ were compiled from both the sonar-image dala and the deep-penetration seismic data obtained on these cruises. Only EEZ-SCAN 84 data were used for the map compilations because available data from other cruises in this region are sparsely located, have poor navigational control, or were obtained with seismic systems that were not powerful enough to resolve oceanic basement. For this map series, sediment thickness and depth to basement were determined only in the deep-ocean basin regions because the seismic system used on the EEZ-SCAN 84 cruises could not resolve oceanic basement beneath the thick sediments of the continental slope. All the data used to compile the maps are presented in the \"Atlas of the Exclusive Economic Zone, Western Conterminous United States\" (EEZ-SCAN 84 Scientific Staff, 1986).\nBasement Outcrops\nGLORIA imagery was used to locate areas of basement outcrop throughout the region. Where possible, sediment thickness on and immediately adjacent to basement outcrops was measured from seismic data. Where there was no bathymetric or seismic control, a seamount peak was assumed to have no sediment cover. A pattern is used on the map to indicate all basement outcrops.\nData Reduction\nAcoustic basement in the basins, invariably oceanic Layer 2, was observed on all of the seismic records. One-way traveltime was measured from the sea floor to acoustic basement. Because the trackline spacing of about 30 km is relatively large compared to the data density along track, we chose to measure the sediment thickness every 0.5 hour or at an interval of approximately 7.5 km. Water depth was measured with a 10-kHz profiler. Depth to basement was calculated using the sea surface as the zero datum and adding the corrected water depth (Carter, 1980) to the sediment thickness. Acoustic travel times were converted to depths by first calculating a regression equation from the interval velocity versus depth data of Connard and others (1984). Their data base comprises a compilation of all available Deep Sea Drilling Project data plus wide-angle refraction data, which were collected in Cascadia Basin west of Oregon and represents the best data set available for the United States west coast EEZ. The regression equation was integrated to determine sediment thickness as a function of one-way traveltime . The resulting equation is\nz = 1400t + 0 .5t<sup>2</sup>\nwhere z is sediment thickness in meters, and t is one-way traveltime in seconds. Sediment thicknesses calculated using this equation were compared to values calculated from the general equation of Carlson and others (1986). Values for sediment thickness calculated by the two equations differed by no greater than 10 percent throughout the range of travel times.\nBathymetry\nThe bathymetry is from Chase and others (1981). The bathymetric data were compiled from a variety of sources, and data quality is inconsistent. Because of differences in navigational precision and density of coverage, the bathymetric contours of a feature may be at a different location than the corresponding isopleths derived from the EEZ-SCAN 84 data, or a feature may not be indicated on the bathymetry at all. These situations occur because either the feature is poorly located in the bathymetric data set or, especially in the outer EEZ, the bathymetric data are too sparse to have defined the existence of a feature.\nAcknowledgments\nTopographic digital data bases were corrected and verified by Christina Lief. Gerald Evenden developed the computer software system MAPGEN, used to compose this map. Reviews, suggestions, and technical contributions from Edward C. Escowitz and Florence Wong and advice about cartographic design from Will Stettner substantially improved the quality of this map.\nReferences Cited\nCarlson, R.L., Gangi, A.F., and Snow, K.R., 1986, Empirical reflection-traveltime/ depth and velocity/depth functions for the deep-sea sediment column: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 91, no. B8, p. 8249-8266.\nCarter, D.J.T., 1980, Echo-sounding correction tables: Taunton, United Kingdom, Hydrographic Department, Ministry of Defence, 150 p.\nChase, T.E., Wilde, Pat, Normark, W.R, Miller, C.P., Seekins, B.A., and Young, J.D., 1981, Offshore topography of the Western United States between 32&deg; and 49&deg; North latitudes: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-443, scale 1:864,518 at 38&deg; latitude, 2 sheets.\nConnard, G., Couch, R., Keeling , K., Roy, J., and Troseth, S., 1984, Abyssal plain and continental net-objective sedimentary thicknesses, in Kulm, L.D., and others, eds., Western North America continental margin and adjacent ocean floor off Oregon and Washington, Atlas 1 of Regional Atlas Series, Ocean Margin Drilling Program: Woods Hole, Mass., Marine Science International, sheet 7.\nEEZ-SCAN 84 Scientific Staff, 1986, Atlas of the Exclusive Economic Zone, Western Conterminous United States: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Series I-1792, scale 1:500,000, 152 p.\n\nSee Also\n\"U.S. Pacific West Coast Field Activities\" (Paskevich and others, 2011; http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1332/htmldocs/pc/pc_overview.html).\nPaskevich, V.F., Wong, F.L., O?Malley, J.J., Stevenson, A.J., and Gutmacher, C.E., 2011, GLORIA sidescan-sonar imagery for parts of the U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone and adjacent areas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010?1332, available at http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1332/.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/i2090A","usgsCitation":"Gardner, J., Cacchione, D., Drake, D., Edwards, B.D., Field, M., Hampton, M.A., Karl, H.A., Kenyon, N.H., Masson, D., McCulloch, D.S., and Grim, M.S., 1993, Map showing sediment isopachs in the deep-sea basins of the Pacific continental margin, Cape Mendocino to Point Conception: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2090, PDF: 56.48 inches x 36.49 inches; 1 map :col. ;78 x 108 cm., on sheet 97 x 143 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/i2090A.","productDescription":"PDF: 56.48 inches x 36.49 inches; 1 map :col. ;78 x 108 cm., on sheet 97 x 143 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm.","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":120712,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/i_2090_A.jpg"},{"id":94397,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2090/a/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"1000000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -129,34 ], [ -129,41 ], [ -117,41 ], [ -117,34 ], [ -129,34 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b11e4b07f02db6a249b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gardner, J.V.","contributorId":76705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardner","given":"J.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cacchione, D.A.","contributorId":65448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cacchione","given":"D.A.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":271253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Drake, D.E.","contributorId":48150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drake","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Edwards, B. D.","contributorId":27056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Field, M.E.","contributorId":27052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Field","given":"M.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hampton, M. A.","contributorId":103271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hampton","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Karl, Herman A.","contributorId":80649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karl","given":"Herman","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kenyon, Neil H.","contributorId":89535,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kenyon","given":"Neil","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Masson, D.G.","contributorId":44160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masson","given":"D.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"McCulloch, D. S.","contributorId":78315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCulloch","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Grim, M. S.","contributorId":102884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grim","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":29119,"text":"wri934128 - 1993 - Suspended sediment in San Francisco Bay Estuary, California: Recent history and available data sets","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-08T14:23:02","indexId":"wri934128","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-4128","title":"Suspended sediment in San Francisco Bay Estuary, California: Recent history and available data sets","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri934128","usgsCitation":"Peterson, D.H., Noble, M., and Smith, R.E., 1993, Suspended sediment in San Francisco Bay Estuary, California: Recent history and available data sets: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4128, 35 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri934128.","productDescription":"35 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":159527,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4128/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57989,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4128/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -123.0523681640625,\n              37.37015718405753\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.66259765625001,\n              37.37015718405753\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.66259765625001,\n              38.199338565983844\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.0523681640625,\n              38.199338565983844\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.0523681640625,\n              37.37015718405753\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db68800b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterson, D. H.","contributorId":92229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"D.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Noble, M.A.","contributorId":93513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noble","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, R. E.","contributorId":76366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":20269,"text":"ofr93443 - 1993 - Well-construction, water-level, and ground-water-quality data for Prince William County, Virginia, 1992","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:40","indexId":"ofr93443","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-443","title":"Well-construction, water-level, and ground-water-quality data for Prince William County, Virginia, 1992","docAbstract":"Well-construction, water-level, and ground-water- quality data were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey during 1989-92 in Prince William County, Virginia. The data are presented on a map, in tables, and in hydrographs to record ambient ground-water quality. Well construction data include descriptions of 182 well sites. Water-level data include measurements from 159 wells that were collected in the spring and fall of 1991 and hydrographs from six of the wells. Ground-water- quality data collected at 87 wells include analyses for major dissolved constituents, trace metals, nutrients, dissolved organic carbon, radon-222, and alkalinity. Environmental or stable isotope analyses were collected at 57 wells and dissolved gas analyses were collected at 18 wells. Field proper- ties were also recorded during sampling.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nEarth Science Information Center [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr93443","usgsCitation":"Nelms, D., and Brockman, A.R., 1993, Well-construction, water-level, and ground-water-quality data for Prince William County, Virginia, 1992: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-443, iii, 66 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr93443.","productDescription":"iii, 66 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":152285,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0443/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":49804,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0443/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":49805,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0443/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4acb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelms, D.L.","contributorId":32189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelms","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brockman, A. R.","contributorId":49388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brockman","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":29398,"text":"wri934176 - 1993 - Distribution of volatile organic compounds in soil vapor in the vicinity of a defense fuel supply point, Hanahan, South Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:02","indexId":"wri934176","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-4176","title":"Distribution of volatile organic compounds in soil vapor in the vicinity of a defense fuel supply point, Hanahan, South Carolina","docAbstract":"Two passive soil-vapor sampling techniques were used in the vicinity of a defense fuel supply point in Hanahan, South Carolina, to identify areas of potential contamination of the shallow water table aquifer by volatile organic compounds (VOC's). Both techniques involved the burial of samplers in the vadose zone and the saturated bottom sediments of nearby streams. One method, the empty-tube technique, allowed vapors to pass through a permeable membrane and accumulate inside an inverted empty test tube. A sample was extracted and analyzed on site by using a portable gas chromatograph. As a comparison to this method, an activated-carbon technique, also was used in certain areas. This method uses a vapor collector consisting of a test tube containing activated carbon as a sorbent for VOC's.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nU.S.G.S. Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri934176","usgsCitation":"Robertson, J., Aelion, C., and Vroblesky, D., 1993, Distribution of volatile organic compounds in soil vapor in the vicinity of a defense fuel supply point, Hanahan, South Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4176, iv, 24 p. :maps ;28 cm. [PGS - 25 p.], https://doi.org/10.3133/wri934176.","productDescription":"iv, 24 p. :maps ;28 cm. [PGS - 25 p.]","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119517,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4176/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58250,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4176/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a62e4b07f02db6361d6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robertson, J. F.","contributorId":11194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robertson","given":"J. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aelion, C.M.","contributorId":35368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aelion","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vroblesky, D.A.","contributorId":101691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vroblesky","given":"D.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":41107,"text":"ofr93451 - 1993 - Potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer in the St.Johns River Water Management District and vicinity, Florida May 1993","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-21T19:36:09.528321","indexId":"ofr93451","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-451","title":"Potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer in the St.Johns River Water Management District and vicinity, Florida May 1993","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr93451","usgsCitation":"Halford, K.J., Murray, L., Phelps, G.G., Spechler, R., and Bradner, L.A., 1993, Potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer in the St.Johns River Water Management District and vicinity, Florida May 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-451, 1 Plate: 26.96 × 45.44 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr93451.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 26.96 × 45.44 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":176500,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":390764,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_19266.htm"},{"id":78955,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0451/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Upper Floridan aquifer in the St.Johns River Water Management District and vicinity,","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -83,\n              26.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -80,\n              26.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -80,\n              31\n            ],\n            [\n              -83,\n              31\n            ],\n            [\n              -83,\n              26.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad4e4b07f02db682c8d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Halford, Keith J. 0000-0002-7322-1846 khalford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7322-1846","contributorId":1374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halford","given":"Keith","email":"khalford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":224508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Murray, L. C.","contributorId":54636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murray","given":"L. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":224510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Phelps, G. G.","contributorId":82346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phelps","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":224511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Spechler, R. M.","contributorId":85961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spechler","given":"R. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":224512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bradner, L. A.","contributorId":21925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradner","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":224509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
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