Wildlife translocation facilitates conservation efforts, including recovering imperiled species, reducing human–wildlife conflict, and restoring degraded ecosystems. Beaver (American, Castor canadensis; Eurasian, C. fiber) translocation may mitigate human–wildlife conflict and facilitate ecosystem restoration. However, few projects measure outcomes of translocations by monitoring beaver postrelease, and translocation to desert streams is relatively rare. We captured, tagged, and monitored 47 American beavers (hereafter, beavers) which we then translocated to two desert rivers in Utah, USA, to assist in passive river restoration. We compared translocated beaver site fidelity, survival, and dam-building behavior to 24 resident beavers. We observed high apparent survival (i.e., survived and stayed in the study site) for eight weeks postrelease of resident adult beavers (0.88 ± 0.08; standard error) and lower but similar apparent survival rates between resident subadult (0.15 ± 0.15), translocated adult (0.26 ± 0.12), and translocated subadult beavers (0.09 ± 0.08). Neither the pre- nor the post-translocation count of river reaches with beaver dams were predicted well by the Beaver Restoration Assessment Tool, which estimates maximum beaver dam capacity by river reach, suggesting beaver-related restoration is not maximized in these rivers. Translocated beavers exhibited similar characteristics as resident subadult beavers during dispersal; they were more vulnerable to predation and many emigrated from the study sites. High mortality and low site fidelity should be anticipated when translocating beavers, but even so, translocation may have contributed to additional beaver dams in the restoration sites, which is the common goal of beaver-assisted river restoration. Multiple releases at targeted restoration sites may eventually result in establishment and meet conservation objectives for desert rivers.
Spatially heterogeneous landscape factors such as urbanisation can have substantial effects on the severity and spread of wildlife diseases. However, research linking patterns of pathogen transmission to landscape features remains rare. Using a combination of phylogeographic and machine learning approaches, we tested the influence of landscape and host factors on feline immunodeficiency virus (FIVLru) genetic variation and spread among bobcats (Lynx rufus) sampled from coastal southern California. We found evidence for increased rates of FIVLru lineage spread through areas of higher vegetation density. Furthermore, single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variation among FIVLru sequences was associated with host genetic distances and geographic location, with FIVLru genetic discontinuities precisely correlating with known urban barriers to host dispersal. An effect of forest land cover on FIVLru SNP variation was likely attributable to host population structure and differences in forest land cover between different populations. Taken together, these results suggest that the spread of FIVLru is constrained by large-scale urban barriers to host movement. Although urbanisation at fine spatial scales did not appear to directly influence virus transmission or spread, we found evidence that viruses transmit and spread more quickly through areas containing higher proportions of natural habitat. These multiple lines of evidence demonstrate how urbanisation can change patterns of contact-dependent pathogen transmission and provide insights into how continued urban development may influence the incidence and management of wildlife disease.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/ve/veac122","usgsCitation":"Kozakiewicz, C.P., Burridge, C.P., Lee, J.S., Kraberger, S.J., Fountain-Jones, N.M., Fisher, R., Lyren, L., Jennings, M.K., Riley, S.P., Serieys, L.E., Craft, M.E., Funk, W., Crooks, K.R., VandeWoude, S., and Carver, S., 2023, Habitat connectivity and host relatedness influence virus spread across an urbanising landscape in a fragmentation-sensitive carnivore: Virus Evolution, v. 9, no. 1, veac122, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1093/ve/veac122.","productDescription":"veac122, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-147216","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":445077,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ve/veac122","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":412803,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.66073072596345,\n 34.67766214950238\n ],\n [\n -119.66073072596345,\n 32.4821568694025\n ],\n [\n -115.75125818937316,\n 32.4821568694025\n ],\n [\n -115.75125818937316,\n 34.67766214950238\n ],\n [\n -119.66073072596345,\n 34.67766214950238\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kozakiewicz, Christopher P.","contributorId":212126,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kozakiewicz","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":38423,"text":"School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 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University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":863763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fountain-Jones, Nicholas M","contributorId":288548,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fountain-Jones","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":61795,"text":"ut","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":863764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":51675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":863765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lyren, Lisa M.","contributorId":302224,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lyren","given":"Lisa M.","affiliations":[{"id":24583,"text":"former USGS employee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":863766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Jennings, Megan K.","contributorId":221856,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jennings","given":"Megan","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":6608,"text":"San Diego State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":863767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Riley, Seth P.D.","contributorId":145429,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Riley","given":"Seth","middleInitial":"P.D.","affiliations":[{"id":7237,"text":"NPS, Olympic National Park","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":863768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Serieys, Laurel E K","contributorId":225263,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Serieys","given":"Laurel","email":"","middleInitial":"E K","affiliations":[{"id":27155,"text":"University of California Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":863769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Craft, Meggan E.","contributorId":168372,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Craft","given":"Meggan","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6626,"text":"University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":863770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Funk, W Chris","contributorId":261218,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Funk","given":"W Chris","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":863771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Crooks, Kevin R.","contributorId":51137,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crooks","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":863772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"VandeWoude, Sue","contributorId":179201,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"VandeWoude","given":"Sue","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":863773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Carver, Scott 0000-0002-3579-7588","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3579-7588","contributorId":197456,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carver","given":"Scott","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":863774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}} ,{"id":70263896,"text":"70263896 - 2023 - Validation of earthquake ground-motion models in southern California, USA, using precariously balanced rocks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-27T15:51:42.500906","indexId":"70263896","displayToPublicDate":"2022-12-20T09:47:18","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1723,"text":"GSA Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Validation of earthquake ground-motion models in southern California, USA, using precariously balanced rocks","docAbstract":"Accurate estimates of earthquake ground shaking rely on uncertain ground-motion models derived from limited instrumental recordings of historical earthquakes. A critical issue is that there is currently no method to empirically validate the resultant ground-motion estimates of these models at the timescale of rare, large earthquakes; this lack of validation causes great uncertainty in ground-motion estimates. Here, we address this issue and validate ground-motion estimates for southern California utilizing the unexceeded ground motions recorded by 20 precariously balanced rocks. We used cosmogenic 10Be exposure dating to model the age of the precariously balanced rocks, which ranged from ca. 1 ka to ca. 50 ka, and calculated their probability of toppling at different ground-motion levels. With this rock data, we then validated the earthquake ground motions estimated by the Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast, Version 3 (UCERF3) seismic-source characterization and the Next Generation Attenuation (NGA)-West2 ground-motion models. We found that no ground-motion model estimated levels of earthquake ground shaking consistent with the observed continued existence of all 20 precariously balanced rocks. The ground-motion model I14 estimated ground-motion levels that were inconsistent with the most rocks; therefore, I14 was invalidated and removed. At a 2475 year mean return period, the removal of this invalid ground-motion model resulted in a 2–7% reduction in the mean and a 10–36% reduction in the 5th–95th fractile uncertainty of the ground-motion estimates. Our findings demonstrate the value of empirical data from precariously balanced rocks as a validation tool for removing invalid ground-motion models and, in turn, reducing the uncertainty in earthquake ground-motion estimates.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/B36484.1","usgsCitation":"Rood, A.H., Rood, D., Balco, G., Stafford, P.J., Grant Ludwig, L., Kendrick, K.J., and Wilcken, K., 2023, Validation of earthquake ground-motion models in southern California, USA, using precariously balanced rocks: GSA Bulletin, v. 135, no. 9-10, p. 2179-2199, https://doi.org/10.1130/B36484.1.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"2179","endPage":"2199","ipdsId":"IP-143199","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":482565,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118,\n 34.6\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 33.6\n ],\n [\n -116,\n 33.6\n ],\n [\n -116,\n 34.6\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 34.6\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"135","issue":"9-10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rood, Anna H.","contributorId":245478,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rood","given":"Anna","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":928942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rood, Dylan","contributorId":167067,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rood","given":"Dylan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24608,"text":"Imperial College London","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":928943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Balco, Greg","contributorId":347027,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Balco","given":"Greg","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13621,"text":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":928944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stafford, Peter J.","contributorId":261918,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stafford","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":24608,"text":"Imperial College London","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":928945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Grant Ludwig, Lisa","contributorId":245422,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grant Ludwig","given":"Lisa","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":34134,"text":"UC Irvine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":928946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kendrick, Katherine J. 0000-0002-9839-6861","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9839-6861","contributorId":207907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendrick","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":928947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wilcken, Klaus","contributorId":351569,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilcken","given":"Klaus","affiliations":[{"id":84009,"text":"Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":928948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70246700,"text":"70246700 - 2023 - Book review: Quasispecies as a unifying concept in population dynamics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-17T12:24:11.588448","indexId":"70246700","displayToPublicDate":"2022-12-19T07:23:37","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2698,"text":"Mathematical Biosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Book review: Quasispecies as a unifying concept in population dynamics","docAbstract":"The quasispecies concept had two independent origins. One source was the theoretical ideas of Manfred Eigen and Peter Schuster in the 1970s. Studying the self-organization and evolution of primitive RNA molecules, they defined quasispecies as a distribution of mutant viral genomes generated by the mutation-selection process. In particular, the quasispecies nucleotide distribution consists of a singular fittest genotype, called the master sequence, surrounded by similar mutant spectra. The other source of the quasispecies concept can be traced to the growing empirical knowledge on RNA viruses formulated around the same time. Genomic sequencing of viral RNA indicated a variety of nucleotide sequences, or a distribution of sequences. Mutations in both Eigen’s theoretical system in the RNA viruses are not rare, as RNA is structurally less stable than RNA, but common, preventing the fittest genotype from becoming dominant. Virologists have adopted the quasispecies concept, with some papers on Covid-19 using the construct to explain that virus’s behavior.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.mbs.2022.108951","usgsCitation":"DeAngelis, D., 2023, Book review: Quasispecies as a unifying concept in population dynamics: Mathematical Biosciences, v. 355, 108951, 1 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mbs.2022.108951.","productDescription":"108951, 1 p.","ipdsId":"IP-146569","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":419000,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"355","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeAngelis, Don 0000-0002-1570-4057","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1570-4057","contributorId":221357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeAngelis","given":"Don","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":878042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70240631,"text":"70240631 - 2023 - Spatial and temporal distribution of sinuous ridges in southeastern Terra Sabaea and the northern region of Hellas Planitia, Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-01T17:25:37.201183","indexId":"70240631","displayToPublicDate":"2022-12-16T07:14:28","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial and temporal distribution of sinuous ridges in southeastern Terra Sabaea and the northern region of Hellas Planitia, Mars","docAbstract":"Sinuous ridges are an important yet understudied component of Mars' hydrologic history. We have produced a map of sinuous ridges, valleys and channels, and tectonic ridges across southeastern Terra Sabaea and into northern Hellas Planitia (10°-45° S, 35°-80° E) using a CTX mosaic. Although we mapped different types of ridges and negative relief features, the focus of this paper are the sinuous ridges. We present here a new dataset of sinuous ridges that includes basic morphometry (e.g., length, width, sinuosity), morphology, and the types of terrains they are located on. We chose our region of interest because it includes surface ages spanning Mars' geologic history, with emphasis on Noachian and Hesperian terrains. The shift from either a warm and wet or a cold and icy environment to our modern cold and dry climate occurred towards the end of the Noachian and into the Hesperian, a critical temporal window to characterize fluvial landforms.
Our CTX-based mapping significantly improved the documentation of fluvial landforms within the study region, with over an order of magnitude increase in the number of valley networks and channels, and nearly 1700 sinuous ridges. Sinuous ridges are found in concentrated settings, with the majority (∼80%) located within impact craters and relatively few (∼20%) on the intercrater plains. Fluvial features are prevalent on Early and Middle Noachian-aged terrain but are relatively rare in the Late Noachian, signifying a shift in fluvial activity that likely led to a decrease in channel incision and subsequent inversion of relief. A subset of sinuous ridges—radial ridges in high-elevation, degraded craters— are possible records of ancient proglacial lakes. The youngest sinuous ridges are associated with intracrater alluvial fans in a narrow zone (∼12°S to 30°S and ∼ 62°E to 77°E). These formed in the Late Hesperian into the Amazonian, reflecting a later epoch of punctuated fluvial events driven by pre-existing topography and solar insolation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2022.115399","usgsCitation":"Gullikson, A.L., Anderson, R.B., and Williams, R.M., 2023, Spatial and temporal distribution of sinuous ridges in southeastern Terra Sabaea and the northern region of Hellas Planitia, Mars: Icarus, v. 394, 115399, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2022.115399.","productDescription":"115399, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-129949","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":445100,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2022.115399","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":412941,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Hellas Plantia, Mars, Terra Sabaea","volume":"394","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gullikson, Amber L. 0000-0002-1505-3151","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1505-3151","contributorId":208679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gullikson","given":"Amber","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":864024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Ryan B. 0000-0003-4465-2871 rbanderson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4465-2871","contributorId":170054,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Ryan","email":"rbanderson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":864025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Williams, Rebecca M.E.","contributorId":302332,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"Rebecca","email":"","middleInitial":"M.E.","affiliations":[{"id":13179,"text":"Planetary Science Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":864026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70239196,"text":"70239196 - 2023 - Habitat utilization, demography, and behavioral observations of the squat lobster, Eumunida picta (Crustacea: Anomura: Eumunididae), on western North Atlantic deep-water coral habitats","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-28T15:20:10.364215","indexId":"70239196","displayToPublicDate":"2022-12-15T08:56:29","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1371,"text":"Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Habitat utilization, demography, and behavioral observations of the squat lobster, Eumunida picta (Crustacea: Anomura: Eumunididae), on western North Atlantic deep-water coral habitats","title":"Habitat utilization, demography, and behavioral observations of the squat lobster, Eumunida picta (Crustacea: Anomura: Eumunididae), on western North Atlantic deep-water coral habitats","docAbstract":"Deep-sea coral habitats, comprising mostly Lophelia pertusa (Linnaeus 1758), are well developed on the upper and middle continental slope off the southeastern United States (SEUS). These habitats support a diverse and abundant invertebrate fauna, yet ecology and biology of most of these species are poorly known. Ten cruises conducted off the SEUS (Summer–Fall; Cape Lookout, NC–Cape Canaveral, FL) from 2000 to 2005, and in 2009 provided an opportunity to investigate abundance and distribution of Eumunida picta Smith1883, a large-sized species of squat lobster commonly associated with these deep-water coral habitats. Video analysis from 70 manned-submersible dives documented occurrence, density, location on the coral colony, and behavioral observations for 5774 individuals of E. picta. Individuals collected (n = 178) from coral and adjacent habitats (e.g., rubble, soft sediments) were measured and their sex determined. Males and females were comparable in size (to 53.5 mm carapace length) and exhibited a sex ratio of approximately 1:1. Eumunida picta were most frequently observed as solitary individuals on high-profile coral matrix and were noted only infrequently on coral rubble, or rarely on soft substratum. Presence of coral habitat (i.e., live/dead L. pertusa), geographic region within the sampling area, and depth significantly influenced abundances of E. picta. Additionally, coral habitat (dead versus live coral), vertical position on the coral (upper, middle, or lower zone), as well as horizontal position in relation to the coral matrix (outer surface versus embedded in coral matrix) were significant factors influencing E. picta distributions within the coral habitat. More individuals were found on dead versus live coral, and most frequently occurred on the outer surfaces of coral branches located on the upper portion or near the tops of coral colonies. Eumunida picta were most often observed with claws extended into the water column. This unique hunting stance provides this squat lobster the opportunity to capture prey from the water column. An active predator, this species utilizes both pelagic (i.e., fishes, pyrosomes) and benthic (e.g., scavenging and grazing) food resources, and may function as an important trophic link between the water column and the benthos. Although considered a facultative reef associate in the strictest sense of the term, E. picta has a complex and intimate relationship with L. pertusa. Based on observations from dive videos, E. picta is a dominant and ecologically important member of the invertebrate assemblage associated with deep-sea coral habitats off the SEUS. As such, this species figures prominently in the structure and function of this ecosystem.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.dsr.2022.103953","usgsCitation":"Nizinski, M.S., McClain Counts, J., and Ross, S.W., 2023, Habitat utilization, demography, and behavioral observations of the squat lobster, Eumunida picta (Crustacea: Anomura: Eumunididae), on western North Atlantic deep-water coral habitats: Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, v. 193, 103953, 20 p.; Data Release, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2022.103953.","productDescription":"103953, 20 p.; Data Release","ipdsId":"IP-145573","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":445108,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2022.103953","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":411341,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":414826,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9SYJUJN","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"western North Atlantic","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -79.99026419015127,\n 27.290563814093574\n ],\n [\n -78.14057288217109,\n 27.651357530019922\n ],\n [\n -77.07172444542535,\n 28.699952584012266\n ],\n [\n -75.8341243236539,\n 31.795816338340643\n ],\n [\n -74.35357485494727,\n 34.954423308593064\n ],\n [\n -75.47334960048407,\n 35.3163537710838\n ],\n [\n -76.60498711049124,\n 34.53514585117303\n ],\n [\n -77.30172293596715,\n 34.36027883319805\n ],\n [\n -78.12488963094005,\n 33.66114332984414\n ],\n [\n -78.77918881841038,\n 33.56733248056554\n ],\n [\n -79.5135731063979,\n 32.80599446091246\n ],\n [\n -80.71317149531318,\n 31.971533592235616\n ],\n [\n -81.35895057240324,\n 31.202430930334316\n ],\n [\n -81.22456898983918,\n 29.737874767209576\n ],\n [\n -79.99026419015127,\n 27.290563814093574\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"193","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nizinski, Martha S.","contributorId":174770,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nizinski","given":"Martha","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":27510,"text":"NMFS National Systematics Laboratory, Smithsonian Institution","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":860743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McClain Counts, Jennifer 0000-0002-3383-5472","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3383-5472","contributorId":219233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McClain Counts","given":"Jennifer","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":860744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ross, Steve W.","contributorId":72543,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ross","given":"Steve","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":860745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70239216,"text":"70239216 - 2023 - Partnering in search of answers: Seabird die-offs in the Bering and Chukchi Seas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-21T15:04:07.819307","indexId":"70239216","displayToPublicDate":"2022-12-09T09:34:32","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":12995,"text":"NOAA Technical Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"title":"Partnering in search of answers: Seabird die-offs in the Bering and Chukchi Seas","docAbstract":"Prior to 2015, seabird die-offs in Alaskan waters were rare; they typically occurred in mid-winter, linked to epizootic disease events or above-average ocean temperatures associated with strong El Nino-Southern Oscillation events (Bodenstein et al. 2015, Jones et al. 2019, Romano et al. 2020). Since 2015, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) has monitored mortality events that have become annual occurrences in Alaska (Fig. 1). Since 2017, communities on the coasts of the northern Bering and southern Chukchi Seas have annually observed dead and dying seabirds along their coasts, although such die-offs have not been reported from communities north of Point Hope. (Fig. 2). Affected species included planktivorous birds such as auklets (Aethia spp.) and shearwaters (Ardenna spp.), piscivorous murres (Uria spp.), puffins (Fratercula spp.), and kittiwakes (Rissa spp.), as well as low numbers of benthic feeding sea ducks (Somateria spp.). The range of seabird species and the different prey species involved, with localized events throughout summer and over widespread areas, indicate environmental causes at multiple trophic levels. Such wildlife mortality events are a public health concern for coastal communities that rely on ocean resources for their nutritional, cultural, and economic well-being. They have also been seen as a harbinger of concern for the state of the Arctic Ocean itself.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Arctic Report Card 2022 (NOAA Technical Report)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"language":"English","doi":"10.25923/h002-4w87","usgsCitation":"Kaler, R.A., Sheffield, G., Backensto, S., Lindsey, J., Jones, T., Parrish, J., Ahmasuk, B., Bodenstein, B., Dusek, R.J., Van Hemert, C.R., Smith, M.M., and Schwalenberg, P., 2023, Partnering in search of answers: Seabird die-offs in the Bering and Chukchi Seas: NOAA Technical Report, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.25923/h002-4w87.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"116","endPage":"122","ipdsId":"IP-146201","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":411346,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":413237,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9XHBX75"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Bering Sea, Chukchi Sea","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -179.1296495933479,\n 72.11440831496111\n ],\n [\n -179.1296495933479,\n 50.18720131843497\n ],\n [\n -152.51534691780924,\n 50.18720131843497\n ],\n [\n -152.51534691780924,\n 72.11440831496111\n ],\n [\n -179.1296495933479,\n 72.11440831496111\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kaler, Robb A. S.","contributorId":215295,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kaler","given":"Robb","email":"","middleInitial":"A. S.","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":860775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sheffield, Gay","contributorId":257533,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sheffield","given":"Gay","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52049,"text":"Alaska Sea Grant","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":860776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Backensto, S","contributorId":300547,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Backensto","given":"S","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":860777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lindsey, Jackie","contributorId":203501,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lindsey","given":"Jackie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36637,"text":"Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, 8272 Moss Landing Road, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":860778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jones, T.","contributorId":51879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":860779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Parrish, J.","contributorId":149527,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parrish","given":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12640,"text":"California Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":860780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ahmasuk, B","contributorId":300548,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ahmasuk","given":"B","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":65193,"text":"Marine Advocate, Kawerak Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":860781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bodenstein, Barbara L. 0000-0001-7946-0103 bbodenstein@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7946-0103","contributorId":189820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodenstein","given":"Barbara","email":"bbodenstein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":860782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Dusek, Robert J. 0000-0001-6177-7479 rdusek@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6177-7479","contributorId":174374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dusek","given":"Robert","email":"rdusek@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":860783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Van Hemert, Caroline R. 0000-0002-6858-7165 cvanhemert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6858-7165","contributorId":3592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Hemert","given":"Caroline","email":"cvanhemert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":860784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Smith, Matthew M. 0000-0002-2259-5135 mmsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2259-5135","contributorId":5115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Matthew","email":"mmsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":860785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Schwalenberg, P","contributorId":300551,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schwalenberg","given":"P","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":65194,"text":"Alaska Migratory Bird Co-Management Council","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":860786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70242068,"text":"70242068 - 2023 - Earth’s upper crust seismically excited by infrasound from the 2022 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai eruption, Tonga","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-06T12:10:27.3548","indexId":"70242068","displayToPublicDate":"2022-12-07T07:08:40","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Earth’s upper crust seismically excited by infrasound from the 2022 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai eruption, Tonga","docAbstract":"Records of pressure variations on seismographs were historically considered unwanted noise; however, increased deployments of collocated seismic and acoustic instrumentation have driven recent efforts to use this effect induced by both wind and anthropogenic explosions to invert for near‐surface Earth structure. These studies have been limited to shallow structure because the pressure signals have relatively short wavelengths (<∼300 m). However, the 2022 eruption of Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai (also called “Hunga”) volcano in Tonga generated rare, globally observed, high‐amplitude infrasound signals with acoustic wavelengths of tens of kilometers. In this study, we examine the acoustic‐to‐seismic coupling generated by the Hunga eruption across 82 Global Seismographic Network (GSN) stations and show that ground motion amplitudes are related to upper (0 to ∼5 km) crust material properties. We find high (>0.8) correlations between pressure and vertical component ground motion at 83% of the stations, but only 30% of stations show this on the radial component, likely due to complex tilt effects. We use average elastic properties in the upper 5.2 km from the CRUST1.0 model to estimate vertical seismic/acoustic coupling coefficients (
The mining industry, in most cases, targets a specific valuable commodity that is present in small quantities within large volumes of extracted material. After milling and processing, most of the extracted material and the effluents are stored as waste (tailings) in impoundments, such as dams or waste dumps, or are backfilled into underground mines. In time, tailing materials may become an issue of environmental and health concern due to the hazardous elements, ions, and oxides contained within the waste material. In addition, handling and storage of such waste in dams may pose the risk of dam failure with catastrophic consequences to nature and nearby communities. On the other hand, tailings may offer potential as secondary sources of critical elements (CEs), including rare earth elements (REEs), which may have been overlooked during primary production and processing. Therefore, treating mine tailings as a resource has economic and environmental benefits by reducing the waste from new and historical mine sites through remining. One of the critical steps for taking advantage of these benefits is to spatially quantify the resources and the pollutants, which require the application of adequate data analysis and modeling methods, often to compositional geochemical data. Utilizing adequate methods is especially important for correctly quantifying resource potential, as the quantities will often be at low concentrations.
This work presents quantification of resource potential (Au, Ag, Cu, Zn, Pb) and elements of environmental concern (Hg and As) from the tailings of a historic mine site, Katherine Mine, AZ, USA. Data reported by the U.S. Bureau of Mines (USBM) after extensive field campaigns in the 1990s, including sampling from tailing impoundment and surrounding areas for geochemical characterization and geophysical surveys, were used. First, compositional data (CoDa) analysis was employed to explore associations of sampling locations, geochemical parts, and the clustering of samples. Next, sequential Gaussian simulation (SGSIM) was applied to samples that showed a genetic link to tailing material after isometric log-ratio transformation (ilr) and mix/max autocorrelation factor (MAF) transformation for spatial modeling and uncertainty evaluation. Geostatistical results revealed spatial variability of concentrations within the tailing area. Uncertainty evaluation based on realizations indicated that Cu (14.27–20.01 t), Zn (44.23–76.23 t), and Pb (22.56–38.28 t) are the most abundant elements within a 5 %–95 % interval, followed by Ag and Au (~5.3 and 0.18 t, at 50th percentile), respectively. Of the elements of health concern, As was found to be ~4.8 t (50th percentile) in the tailing area. The work also showed that ~0.51 t As, 0.005 t Hg, 0.020 t of Au, and 0.62 t of Ag were carried to Lake Mohave by an ephemeral stream called Katherine Wash, which transects the tailings.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gexplo.2022.107142","usgsCitation":"Karacan, C.O., Erten, O., and Martin-Fernandez, J.A., 2023, Assessment of resource potential from mine tailings using geostatistical modeling for compositions: A methodology and application to Katherine Mine site, Arizona, USA: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 245, 107142, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2022.107142.","productDescription":"107142, 23 p.","ipdsId":"IP-142163","costCenters":[{"id":49175,"text":"Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":410781,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Katherine Mine site","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.66102965470434,\n 35.592576061702815\n ],\n [\n -114.66102965470434,\n 35.179363749635115\n ],\n [\n -114.1226599998257,\n 35.179363749635115\n ],\n [\n -114.1226599998257,\n 35.592576061702815\n ],\n [\n -114.66102965470434,\n 35.592576061702815\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"245","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Karacan, C. Ozgen 0000-0002-0947-8241","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0947-8241","contributorId":201991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karacan","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Ozgen","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":859489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Erten, Oktay","contributorId":300145,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Erten","given":"Oktay","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":859490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martin-Fernandez, Josep Antoni","contributorId":300146,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Martin-Fernandez","given":"Josep","email":"","middleInitial":"Antoni","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":859491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70256620,"text":"70256620 - 2023 - The effect of scent lures on detection is not equitable among sympatric species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-08-27T14:51:35.039219","indexId":"70256620","displayToPublicDate":"2022-11-11T09:48:36","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3777,"text":"Wildlife Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effect of scent lures on detection is not equitable among sympatric species","docAbstract":"Context: Camera trapping is an effective tool for cost-efficient monitoring of species over large temporal and spatial scales and it is becoming an increasingly popular method for investigating wildlife communities and trophic interactions. However, camera trapping targeting rare and elusive species can be hampered by low detection rates, which can decrease the accuracy and precision of results from common analytical approaches (e.g., occupancy modeling, capture-recapture). Consequently, researchers often employ attractants to increase detection without accounting for how attractants influence detection of species among trophic levels.
Aims: We aimed to evaluate the influences of a commonly used non-species-specific olfactory lure (i.e. sardines) and sampling design on detection of four species (i.e. bobcat [Lynx rufus], coyote [Canis latrans], raccoon [Procyon lotor], and eastern cottontail [Sylvilagus floridanus]) that represented a range of foraging guilds in an agricultural landscape.
Methods: We set 180 camera stations, each for ∼28 days, during the summer of 2019. We set cameras with one of three lure treatments: (1) olfactory lure, (2) no olfactory lure, or (3) olfactory lure only during the latter half of the survey. We evaluated the influence of the lure at three temporal scales of detection (i.e. daily probability of detection, independent sequences per daily detection, and triggers per independent sequence).
Key results: The lure tended to positively influence detection of coyotes and raccoons but negatively influenced detection of bobcats and eastern cottontails. The influence of the lure varied among temporal scales of detection.
Conclusions: Scent lures can differentially influence detection of species within or among tropic levels, and the influence of a scent lure may vary among temporal scales.
Implications: Our results demonstrate the importance of evaluating the influence of an attractant for each focal species when using camera data to conduct multi-species or community analyses, accounting for variation in sampling strategies across cameras, and identifying the appropriate species-specific temporal resolution for assessing variation in detection data. Furthermore, we highlight that care should be taken when using camera data as an index of relative abundance (e.g. as is commonly done with prey species) when there is variation in the use of lures across cameras.
","language":"English","publisher":"CSIRO Publishing","doi":"10.1071/WR22094","usgsCitation":"Dart, M.M., Perkins, L., Jenks, J., Hatfield, G., and Lonsinger, R.C., 2023, The effect of scent lures on detection is not equitable among sympatric species: Wildlife Research, v. 50, no. 3, p. 190-200, https://doi.org/10.1071/WR22094.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"190","endPage":"200","ipdsId":"IP-135401","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":433198,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"50","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-11-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dart, Marlin M.","contributorId":340675,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dart","given":"Marlin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":5089,"text":"South Dakota State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Perkins, Lora B.","contributorId":224968,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Perkins","given":"Lora B.","affiliations":[{"id":26958,"text":"South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jenks, Jonathan A.","contributorId":264322,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jenks","given":"Jonathan A.","affiliations":[{"id":5089,"text":"South Dakota State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hatfield, Gary","contributorId":341397,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hatfield","given":"Gary","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5089,"text":"South Dakota State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lonsinger, Robert Charles 0000-0002-1040-7299","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1040-7299","contributorId":340524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lonsinger","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"Charles","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":908350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70238549,"text":"70238549 - 2023 - Geochemistry of the Cretaceous Mowry Shale in the Wind River Basin, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-11T15:28:59.13242","indexId":"70238549","displayToPublicDate":"2022-11-11T07:22:49","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1723,"text":"GSA Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemistry of the Cretaceous Mowry Shale in the Wind River Basin, Wyoming","docAbstract":"The siliceous nature of the Mowry Shale distinguishes it from many of the well-studied organic-rich mudstones of the Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway. Available models of organic enrichment in mudstones rarely incorporate detailed biomarker, bulk organic, inorganic, and mineralogy data. Here, we used these data to evaluate how variations in organic matter source, productivity, dilution, and preservation modulated organic matter accumulation during the deposition of the Mowry Shale, while also demonstrating the benefits of this integrated approach. An organic stable carbon isotope vertical profile for the Mowry Shale is presented to test whether the Mowry Shale was deposited during oceanic anoxic event 1d (OAE 1d), thereby contributing to organic enrichment in the Mowry Shale.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/B36382.1","usgsCitation":"French, K.L., Birdwell, J.E., and Lillis, P.G., 2023, Geochemistry of the Cretaceous Mowry Shale in the Wind River Basin, Wyoming: GSA Bulletin, v. 135, no. 7-8, p. 1899-1922, https://doi.org/10.1130/B36382.1.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"1899","endPage":"1922","ipdsId":"IP-131176","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":445264,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/b36382.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435562,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9FKDVK2","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data release for Geochemistry of the Cretaceous Mowry Shale in the Wind River Basin, Wyoming"},{"id":409791,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Wind River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.00,\n 43.00\n ],\n [\n -107.00,\n 42.20\n ],\n [\n -106.2,\n 42.20\n ],\n [\n -106.2,\n 43.00\n ],\n [\n -107.00,\n 43.00\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"135","issue":"7-8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-11-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"French, Katherine L. 0000-0002-0153-8035","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0153-8035","contributorId":205462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"French","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":857833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Birdwell, Justin E. 0000-0001-8263-1452 jbirdwell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8263-1452","contributorId":3302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Birdwell","given":"Justin","email":"jbirdwell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":569,"text":"Southwest Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":857834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lillis, Paul G. 0000-0002-7508-1699 plillis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7508-1699","contributorId":1817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lillis","given":"Paul","email":"plillis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":857835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70238554,"text":"70238554 - 2023 - Ecologically relevant moisture and temperature metrics for assessing dryland ecosystem dynamics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-11T16:54:56.776638","indexId":"70238554","displayToPublicDate":"2022-11-11T06:51:55","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1447,"text":"Ecohydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ecologically relevant moisture and temperature metrics for assessing dryland ecosystem dynamics","docAbstract":"In drylands, water-limited regions that cover ~40% of the global land surface, ecosystems are primarily controlled by access to soil moisture and exposure to simultaneously hot and dry conditions. Quantifying ecologically relevant environmental metrics is difficult in drylands because the response of vegetation to moisture and temperature conditions is not easily explained solely by climate-based metrics. To address this knowledge gap, we developed and examined 27 climate and ecological drought metrics across dryland areas of the western U.S. Included in the 27 metrics is a suite of 19 largely new “ecological drought metrics” that are designed to quantify multiple aspects of environmental limitation in drylands, including overall growing conditions, seasonal fluctuations, seasonal moisture timing, exposure to extreme drought, and recruitment potential for perennial plants. To quantify these metrics, we simulated water balance pools and fluxes of daily soil moisture at multiple depths with historical weather from 1970-2010 using the SOILWAT2 ecosystem water balance model. We assessed the relationships among these metrics and their spatial and temporal patterns. We found that the inclusion of ecological drought metrics substantially increased the dimensionality of the climate metrics dataset; the number of independent variables needed to explain 90% of the variance in the dataset increased with the addition of ecological drought metrics. Spatial patterns in overall growing conditions represented well-known differences among ecoregions, for example high temperatures and low precipitation in the southwest and cool temperatures and greater precipitation in the northeast. Seasonal fluctuation in soil water availability (SWA) was greatest in the southwest (Mojave Desert) while fluctuation in climatic water deficit (CWD) was greatest in the northwest (northern Great Basin and Columbia Plateau). Seasonal timing of moisture also differed among metrics; the timing of wet degree days (WDD), SWA and CWD were only weakly related to seasonal timing of precipitation. Plant recruitment metrics varied strongly across western drylands. In the Great Plains, recruitment events occurred more frequently and lasted longer than in the intermountain regions, where recruitment events were comparatively rare and short. These ecological drought metrics provide new insight into patterns of soil moisture and temperature that shape the structure and function of dryland ecosystems. The metrics will be useful for assessing the potential impact of climate change on dryland ecosystems and developing adaptive resource management strategies to sustain dryland ecosystem services in a changing world.
Reservoirs are ubiquitous features on the landscape of the western United States. Although reservoirs provide numerous benefits (e.g., irrigation, flood control, hydropower, recreational use), these systems are often a concern from an ecological perspective. Reservoirs support fisheries primarily composed of nonindigenous sport fishes that may become invasive and negatively influence recipient ecosystems. Furthermore, reservoirs alter adjacent riverine habitats, further increasing the threat of invasive fishes to aquatic systems. As such, most western natural resource management agencies focus considerable effort on managing the threat of invasive fish species. Unfortunately, controlling invasive fish is expensive and rarely effective because of a lack of clear objectives, appropriate fishing mortality, and long-term commitment. In an effort to improve management of invasive fish in the western United States, we reviewed existing literature to identify the steps necessary to effectively suppress these species. Specifically, we provide guidance on defining achievable objectives, assessing feasibility, evaluating success, and improving the efficiency of invasive fish suppression. This iterative approach provides managers with a framework to effectively address the challenge of suppressing invasive fish in the western United States.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Scoiety","doi":"10.1002/nafm.10827","usgsCitation":"Klein, Z.B., Quist, M.C., and Guy, C.S., 2023, Suppression of invasive fish in the west: Synthesis and suggestions for improvement: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 43, no. 2, p. 369-383, https://doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10827.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"369","endPage":"383","ipdsId":"IP-134823","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":430018,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Klein, Zachary B.","contributorId":171709,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klein","given":"Zachary","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":903423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Quist, Michael C. 0000-0001-8268-1839","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8268-1839","contributorId":207142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quist","given":"Michael","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":903424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Guy, Christopher S. 0000-0002-9936-4781 cguy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9936-4781","contributorId":2876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guy","given":"Christopher","email":"cguy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5062,"text":"Office of the Chief Scientist for Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":903425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70237041,"text":"70237041 - 2023 - Engaging stakeholders to develop a decision support model of conservation risk and management capacity to prioritize investments in Bull Trout recovery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-24T16:30:26.859953","indexId":"70237041","displayToPublicDate":"2022-09-05T10:17:29","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Engaging stakeholders to develop a decision support model of conservation risk and management capacity to prioritize investments in Bull Trout recovery","docAbstract":"Rarely are sufficient resources available to support the full suite of management actions to promote recovery of a species across their entire distribution. Decision support models are a tool that can inform natural resource management decisions with consideration of the perspectives from a variety of stakeholders who work across large geographic and jurisdictional extents. We offer an example of a decision support model that was developed by several Federal and State natural resource agencies to rank Bull Trout Salvelinus confluentus core areas for prioritizing conservation investment within Oregon, USA. We engaged State level decision makers to identify parameters believed to be influential in determining funding allocations for Bull Trout core areas. Parameters were linked in a model framework that was further refined with input from local Bull Trout experts with knowledge specific to the various core areas. The model produces a relative priority value that is a combination of the conservation risk to the species and the management capacity to address threats. A series of sensitivity analyses suggests that Bull Trout persistence and threat score are most influential in determining the relative priority of a core area, and life-history and genetic diversity are least influential. One of the more powerful products from this work is an interactive web-based application (https://das.ecosphere.fws.gov/public/obts/) that anyone can use to explore how their beliefs in parameter values will affect the relative priority of Bull Trout core areas across Oregon. Our modeling effort is an example of engaging stakeholders with different roles in species recovery and across a large geographic area to create a clearer path forward in allocating limited resources for species recovery. This approach can be employed to address a number of natural resource management situations across species and habitats.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1002/nafm.10834","usgsCitation":"Brignon, W.R., Davis, M.B., Gunkel, S., Dunham, J.B., Meeuwig, M.H., Allen, C.S., and Clements, S., 2023, Engaging stakeholders to develop a decision support model of conservation risk and management capacity to prioritize investments in Bull Trout recovery: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 43, no. 3, p. 821-838, https://doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10834.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"821","endPage":"838","ipdsId":"IP-140598","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":407511,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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However, limitations of metabarcoding include taxon-specific biases in amplification and sequencing that distort assessments of community composition. Further, hyper-abundant species may disproportionately affect community composition assessments and impair the detection of rare species (i.e., “species masking”). In this study, we examine methodological approaches to improve eDNA metabarcoding assessments of community structure using fish community diversity in a pond in south Florida using MiFish primers modified to improve cichlid detection. Mitochondrial 12S eDNA amplicon sequencing via Illumina NovaSeq was analyzed using the DADA2 model-based exact sequence inference. The fish species and abundances in the system were recorded during piscicide treatment and subsequent native species restocking. Our results demonstrate that (1) ultra-high-throughput sequencing on the newer NovaSeq patterned flow cell provided reliable detection of very rare taxa—with detections of a single individual. (2) Read numbers were significantly correlated to the total surface area of the fish population, and numerical abundance to a lesser degree; however, dominant taxa largely drove those correlations, and simulations showed that biases in the most abundant taxa will have disproportionate effects on the strength of the correlation. (3) The read number coefficient of variation for each species across spatially separated replicate samples may provide less biased abundance estimates compared with estimates based on average read counts. Finally, (4) exact sequence inference detected multiple haplotypes and population genetic diversity within a species. Our results demonstrate the real-world metabarcoding capacity to reveal community structure and reliably detect rare species and unique haplotypes and shows that read numbers can, to a limited degree, be used to infer the size of fish populations. Careful examination of detection biases among dominant taxa and spatial variation among samples are required for rigorous eDNA-based estimates of community structure. Our results demonstrate the capacity of NovaSeq metabarcoding to reveal freshwater fish community structure and reliably detect rare species and unique haplotypes. Metabarcoding read numbers were significantly correlated to the total surface area of the fish species' populations, allowing for conditional inferences of population sizes. However, dominant taxa largely drove those correlations, and simulations indicated that biases toward the most abundant taxa will have disproportionate effects on the strength of the correlation.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/edn3.355","usgsCitation":"Skelton, J., Cauvin, A.R., and Hunter, M., 2023, Environmental DNA metabarcoding read numbers and their variability predict species abundance, but weakly in non-dominant species: Environmental DNA, v. 5, no. 5, p. 1092-1104, https://doi.org/10.1002/edn3.355.","productDescription":"13 p.; Data Release","startPage":"1092","endPage":"1104","ipdsId":"IP-139132","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":445460,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/edn3.355","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":415796,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9E4YH9R","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Fish community assessment using environmental DNA metabarcoding data after an invasive species eradication and native restocking effort in Pinecrest Gardens, FL in 2017-18"},{"id":408272,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Pinecrest Gardens, Snapper Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.28866529464722,\n 25.66773529430907\n ],\n [\n -80.28306484222412,\n 25.66773529430907\n ],\n [\n -80.28306484222412,\n 25.674194763562046\n ],\n [\n -80.28866529464722,\n 25.674194763562046\n ],\n [\n -80.28866529464722,\n 25.66773529430907\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"5","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Skelton, James","contributorId":291314,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Skelton","given":"James","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6686,"text":"College of William and Mary","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":854540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cauvin, Allison R.","contributorId":297877,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cauvin","given":"Allison","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":36221,"text":"University of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":854541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hunter, Margaret 0000-0002-4760-9302","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4760-9302","contributorId":214958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunter","given":"Margaret","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":854542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70236946,"text":"70236946 - 2023 - Hot, wet and rare: Modelling the occupancy dynamics of the narrowly distributed Dixie Valley toad","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-11T15:27:57.566272","indexId":"70236946","displayToPublicDate":"2022-08-29T07:04:42","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3777,"text":"Wildlife Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hot, wet and rare: Modelling the occupancy dynamics of the narrowly distributed Dixie Valley toad","docAbstract":"Context: Small population sizes and no possibility of metapopulation rescue put narrowly distributed endemic species under elevated risk of extinction from anthropogenic change. Desert spring wetlands host many endemic species that require aquatic habitat and are isolated by the surrounding xeric terrestrial habitat.
Aims: We sought to model the occupancy dynamics of the Dixie Valley toad (Anaxyrus williamsi), a recently described species endemic to a small desert spring wetland complex in Nevada, USA.
Methods: We divided the species’ range into 20 m × 20 m cells and surveyed for Dixie Valley toads at 60 cells during six primary periods from 2018 to 2021, following an occupancy study design. We analysed our survey data by using a multi-state dynamic occupancy model to estimate the probability of adult occurrence, colonisation, site survival, and larval occurrence and the relationship of each to environmental covariates.
Key results: The detection probabilities of adult and larval toads were affected by survey length and time of day. Adult Dixie Valley toads were widely distributed, with detections in 75% of surveyed cells at some point during the 3-year study, whereas larvae were observed only in 20% of cells during the study. Dixie Valley toad larvae were more likely to occur in cells far from spring heads with a high coverage of surface water, low emergent vegetation cover, and water temperatures between 20°C and 28°C. Adult toads were more likely to occur in cells with a greater coverage of surface water and water depth >10 cm. Cells with more emergent vegetation cover and surface water were more likely to be colonised by adult toads.
Conclusions: Our results showed that Dixie Valley toads are highly dependent on surface water in both spring and autumn. Adults and larvae require different environmental conditions, with larvae occurring farther from spring heads and in fewer cells.
Implications: Disturbances to the hydrology of the desert spring wetlands in Dixie Valley could threaten the persistence of this narrowly distributed toad.
","language":"English","publisher":"CSIRO","doi":"10.1071/WR22029","usgsCitation":"Rose, J.P., Kleeman, P.M., and Halstead, B., 2023, Hot, wet and rare: Modelling the occupancy dynamics of the narrowly distributed Dixie Valley toad: Wildlife Research, v. 50, no. 7, p. 552-567, https://doi.org/10.1071/WR22029.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"552","endPage":"567","ipdsId":"IP-136748","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":445464,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1071/wr22029","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435581,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9QCIC87","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"USGS Occupancy Surveys for Dixie Valley Toads, Anaxyrus williamsi, in Churchill County, Nevada from April 2018 to May 2021"},{"id":435580,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P97DSXJM","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Code to Analyze Occupancy Data for Dixie Valley Toads, Anaxyrus williamsi in Churchill County, Nevada from 2018 to 2021"},{"id":407214,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"50","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-08-29","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rose, Jonathan P. 0000-0003-0874-9166 jprose@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0874-9166","contributorId":199339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"Jonathan","email":"jprose@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":852766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kleeman, Patrick M. 0000-0001-6567-3239 pkleeman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6567-3239","contributorId":3948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kleeman","given":"Patrick","email":"pkleeman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":852767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Halstead, Brian J. 0000-0002-5535-6528 bhalstead@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5535-6528","contributorId":3051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halstead","given":"Brian J.","email":"bhalstead@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":852768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70256661,"text":"70256661 - 2023 - Valuing angling on reservoirs using benefit transfer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-08-06T11:37:39.262289","indexId":"70256661","displayToPublicDate":"2022-08-04T06:35:21","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Valuing angling on reservoirs using benefit transfer","docAbstract":"Economic assessments are rarely applied to inland recreational fisheries for management purposes, especially when compared to fish, habitat, and creel assessments, yet economic assessments can provide critical information for management decisions. We provide a brief overview of economic value, key terminology, and existing economic techniques to address these issues. Benefit transfer, a technique used to measure economic value when an original analysis is not practicable, is conducted by drawing on existing estimates of economic value in similar contexts. We describe an application of benefit transfer to measure the economic value of several recreational fisheries in Nebraska, USA. We examine two approaches to benefit transfer—value transfer and function transfer—which we demonstrate estimate similar economic values for fishing site access but substantially different economic values for catch rate improvements at some reservoirs. We encourage agencies that are responsible for inland recreational fisheries management to consider economic assessment, especially benefit transfer, as a critical tool in the management toolbox.
Despite substantial progress in understanding global biodiversity loss, major taxonomic and geographic knowledge gaps remain. Decision makers often rely on expert judgement to fill knowledge gaps, but are rarely able to engage with sufficiently large and diverse groups of specialists. To improve understanding of the perspectives of thousands of biodiversity experts worldwide, we conducted a survey and asked experts to focus on the taxa and freshwater, terrestrial, or marine ecosystem with which they are most familiar. We found several points of overwhelming consensus (for instance, multiple drivers of biodiversity loss interact synergistically) and important demographic and geographic differences in specialists’ perspectives and estimates. Experts from groups that are underrepresented in biodiversity science, including women and those from the Global South, recommended different priorities for conservation solutions, with less emphasis on acquiring new protected areas, and provided higher estimates of biodiversity loss and its impacts. This may in part be because they disproportionately study the most highly threatened taxa and habitats.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/fee.2536","usgsCitation":"Isbell, F., Balvanera, P., Mori, A.S., He, J., Bullock, J.M., Regmi, G.R., Seabloom, E.W., Ferrier, S., Sala, O.E., Guerrero-Ramirez, N.R., Tavella, J., Larkin, D.J., Schmid, B., Outhwaite, C.L., Pramua, P., Borer, E.T., Loreau, M., Omotoriogun, T.C., Obura, D.O., Anderson, M., Portales-Reyes, C., Kirkman, K., Vergara, P.M., Clark, A.T., Komatsu, K.J., Petchey, O.L., Weiskopf, S.R., Williams, L.J., Collins, S., Eisenhauer, N., Trisos, C.H., Renard, D., Wright, A.J., Tripathi, P., Cowles, J., Byrnes, J.E., Reich, P.B., Purvis, A., Sharip, Z., O’Connor, M.I., Kazanski, C.E., Haddad, N.M., Soto, E.H., Dee, L.E., Díaz, S., Zirbel, C., Avolio, M.L., Wang, S., Ma, Z., Liang, J., Farah, H.C., Johnson, J.A., Miller, B.W., Hautier, Y., Smith, M.D., Knops, J., Myers, B., Harmáčková, Z., Cortes, J., Harfoot, M., Gonzalez, A., Newbold, T., Oehri, J., Mazon, M., Dobbs, C., and Palmer, M., 2023, Expert perspectives on global biodiversity loss and its drivers and impacts on people: Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, v. 21, no. 2, p. 94-103, https://doi.org/10.1002/fee.2536.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"94","endPage":"103","ipdsId":"IP-124429","costCenters":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36940,"text":"National Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":445488,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fee.2536","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":404110,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-07-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Isbell, Forest 0000-0001-9689-769X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9689-769X","contributorId":293424,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Isbell","given":"Forest","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":63275,"text":"University of Minnesota, College of Biological Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":846953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Balvanera, Patricia","contributorId":169944,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Balvanera","given":"Patricia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25634,"text":"entro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México D.F., México","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":846954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mori, Akira S.","contributorId":271281,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mori","given":"Akira","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":49222,"text":"Yokohama National University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":846955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"He, Jin-Sheng","contributorId":177302,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"He","given":"Jin-Sheng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":846956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bullock, James M.","contributorId":208495,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bullock","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37805,"text":"NERC Centre for Ecology and Hydrology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":846957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Regmi, Ganga Ram","contributorId":293425,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Regmi","given":"Ganga","email":"","middleInitial":"Ram","affiliations":[{"id":63277,"text":"Clouded Leopard Working Group, C/O Small Wild Cat Conservation Foundation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":846958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Seabloom, Eric W.","contributorId":60762,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seabloom","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":6626,"text":"University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":846959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Ferrier, Simon 0000-0001-7884-2388","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7884-2388","contributorId":245542,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ferrier","given":"Simon","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49219,"text":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":846960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Sala, Osvaldo E.","contributorId":139047,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sala","given":"Osvaldo","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":12629,"text":"Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ (DETAIL TO BE ADDED)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":846961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Guerrero-Ramirez, Nathaly R.","contributorId":293426,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guerrero-Ramirez","given":"Nathaly","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":63278,"text":"Biodiversity, Macroecology and Biogeography, Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology, University of Goettingen","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":846962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Tavella, Julia","contributorId":293427,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tavella","given":"Julia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":63280,"text":"Universidad de Buenos Aires","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":846963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Larkin, Daniel J.","contributorId":293428,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Larkin","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":63281,"text":"Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology and Minnesota Aquatic Invasive Species Research Center, University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":846964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Schmid, Bernhard","contributorId":265329,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmid","given":"Bernhard","affiliations":[{"id":54647,"text":"Department of Geography, Remote Sensing Laboratories, University of Zurich","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":846965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Outhwaite, Charlotte L.","contributorId":293429,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Outhwaite","given":"Charlotte","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":63282,"text":"Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, United Kingdom","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":846966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Pramua, Pairot","contributorId":293430,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pramua","given":"Pairot","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":63283,"text":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, Thailand","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":846967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Borer, Elizabeth 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Leventis Ornithological Research Institute, University of Jos, Nigeria.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":846970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Obura, David O.","contributorId":293432,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Obura","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":63285,"text":"Coastal Oceans Research and Development Indian Ocean (CORDIO) East Africa, 9 Kibaki Flats, Mombasa, Kenya","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":846971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Anderson, Maggie","contributorId":293433,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"Maggie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":63286,"text":"Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":846972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Portales-Reyes, 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We present observations of alluvial fans, many of which exhibit inverted relief, in five craters in the region north of Hellas basin. The observed fans ranged in size from ~10 to 820 km2. We identified three primary fan surface morphology classes (chute, degraded, and Inverted) as well as many instances where the morphology transitions from proximal chutes (or, rarely, a cratered degraded surface) to distal ridges corresponding to increasing thermal inertia. Clear superposition relationships at contacts between adjacent fans are rarely observed, suggesting interfingered deposits and concurrent fan development across the region. Localized factors appear to influence fan development as there is no systematic trend in the azimuth range of fan location, size of fan or catchment, as well as the degree of crater filling. Water and sediment availability may be controlled by lithology differences and weather patterns. Many of the fans had a mismatch between catchment and fan volume, corresponding to significant amounts of erosion perhaps due to windblown stripping of fine sediment. However, several notable fans exhibited volumes greater than their corresponding catchments. This may reflect uncertainty in the accuracy of the estimated paleosurface, or it may indicate sediment contributions to the fan from outside the mapped catchment. Ridges, inferred to be the resistant remnants of fluvially transported deposits, were used to estimate flow magnitude in fan construction with computed discharges of 60–400 m3/s and corresponding supply rate runoff values ~1–20 mm/h. Acknowledging that width-derived discharge values may overestimate flow conditions due to the likelihood of amalgamated channel deposits, this quantification provides important climate constraints.
The upper range of runoff values and discharge rates are quite high, and would require either intense rain storms to generate immediate runoff, or longer-term snow accumulation and subsequent melt-runoff, potentially enhanced by rain-on-snow events. Minimum continuous formation time scales of less than a century are computed, but are incompatible with fan morphology (e.g., superposition relationships, embedded craters) and mechanisms to sustain flows. More realistic lower-limit fan construction times, accounting for modeled precipitation rates from the literature, are tens to hundreds of thousands of years. Fans were active in multiple events spanning the Hesperian to Amazonian periods, requiring transient climate conditions to support the fan aggradation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2022.115122","usgsCitation":"Anderson, R.B., Williams, R., Gullikson, A.L., and Nelson, W., 2023, Morphology and paleohydrology of intracrater alluvial fans north of Hellas Basin, Mars: Icarus, v. 394, 115122, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2022.115122.","productDescription":"115122, 22 p.","ipdsId":"IP-130189","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":445517,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2022.115122","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":410790,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Hellas Basin, Mars","volume":"394","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, Ryan B. 0000-0003-4465-2871 rbanderson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4465-2871","contributorId":170054,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Ryan","email":"rbanderson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":859659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, Rebecca","contributorId":195304,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"Rebecca","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":859660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gullikson, Amber L. 0000-0002-1505-3151","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1505-3151","contributorId":208679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gullikson","given":"Amber","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":859661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nelson, William","contributorId":300211,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nelson","given":"William","affiliations":[{"id":65046,"text":"U. of Hawaii","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":859662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70224973,"text":"70224973 - 2023 - Anthropogenic landcover impacts fluvial dissolved organic matter composition in the Upper Mississippi River Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-27T16:36:49.225489","indexId":"70224973","displayToPublicDate":"2021-10-07T07:44:16","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1007,"text":"Biogeochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Anthropogenic landcover impacts fluvial dissolved organic matter composition in the Upper Mississippi River Basin","docAbstract":"Landcover changes have altered the natural carbon cycle; however, most landcover studies focus on either forest conversion to agriculture or urban, rarely both. We present differences in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations and dissolved organic matter (DOM) molecular composition within Upper Mississippi River Basin low order streams and rivers draining one of three dominant landcovers (forest, agriculture, and urban). Streams draining forest and urban landcovers have greater DOC concentrations, likely driven by differences in carbon sourcing, microbial processing, and soil disturbance. Using Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, 24% of assigned molecular formulae are common across all landcovers. Relative abundances of N-,S- heteroatomic formulae (CHON, CHOS, CHONS) are higher for agricultural and urban streams, with agricultural stream DOM having more N-containing formulae compared to urban stream DOM, which has more S-containing formulae. Higher N-,S- heteroatomic formulae abundance, along with enrichment in aliphatic, N-aliphatic, and highly unsaturated and phenolic (low O/C) compound categories within agricultural and urban stream DOM are likely to result from increased anthropogenic inputs, autochthonous production, and microbial processing associated with agricultural and urban impacts. Reduced N-,S- heteroatomic formulae abundances in forested stream DOM, along with enrichments in condensed aromatics, polyphenolics, and highly unsaturated phenolic (high O/C) compound categories, likely reflect greater contributions from surrounding organic-rich forest soil and vegetation. Overall, landcover change from forested to agriculture lowers DOC concentrations and changes from forested to agriculture or urban increases autochthonous, and presumably more biolabile, DOM contributions with ramifications for stream biogeochemical cycling.
Prescribed fire is used to combat exotic plant species in mixed-grass prairie of Northern Great Plains parks. However, prescribed fires rarely occur at a frequency likely to maintain any gains against exotic species. The unusual circumstance of experimental plots being burned twice in 2 years provides a unique opportunity to investigate the effect of more frequent fire on invasive annual brome grasses. I established 40 plots on Sheep Mountain Table at Badlands National Park in 2015 to examine the relative effectiveness of prescribed fire alone or in combination with imazapic (an herbicide) application or with native seeding. Ten of the 40 plots were controls, with no experimental treatment; the remainder were burned with a prescribed fire in November 2016, and the herbicide and seeding treatments were applied soon thereafter to 10 plots each. In the 2018 growing season, annual brome abundance remained lower in the burned plots than in the controls, but monitoring by the National Park Service’s Northern Great Plains Fire Effects programs suggests that, by 5 years (or perhaps earlier) following a prescribed fire, annual brome abundance will return to its pre-fire level. Repeated fires may prevent this return if they sufficiently reduce the annual brome seedbank or produce conditions less conducive to annual brome growth (reduced litter layer or increased competition, for example). All plots in this experiment burned as part of a larger prescribed fire in fall 2018. This extension of the original study measures plant community composition (to species level) in the experimental plots (original control and burn only) after the 2018 prescribed fire; this report provides the results from the fourth growing season after that fire.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Symstad, A., 2022, Effect of repeated fire on annual brome invasion at Badlands National Park: Annual Report, 3 p.","productDescription":"3 p.","ipdsId":"IP-152069","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":415837,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://irma.nps.gov/RPRS/IAR/Profile/573315"},{"id":426320,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Badlands National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -101.9816413781004,\n 43.81545397317089\n ],\n [\n -102.10404473861178,\n 43.820721999747335\n ],\n [\n -102.18038072914308,\n 43.900094036554435\n ],\n [\n -102.43056276472474,\n 43.93869274314153\n ],\n [\n -102.46588237645057,\n 43.87808438644481\n ],\n [\n -102.46227631796151,\n 43.81240136470154\n ],\n [\n -102.52583495138943,\n 43.76271118438757\n ],\n [\n -102.61056188331933,\n 43.745312984118215\n ],\n [\n -102.61512488487168,\n 43.697319743127245\n ],\n [\n -102.79687064513114,\n 43.69924298806647\n ],\n [\n -102.80984003809536,\n 43.66341493167664\n ],\n [\n -102.90154396748794,\n 43.662470844462945\n ],\n [\n -102.91146582849841,\n 43.47194100980886\n ],\n [\n -102.80317094893881,\n 43.47397686938032\n ],\n [\n -102.71249040143672,\n 43.53766576763433\n ],\n [\n -102.60922465539478,\n 43.48525504065212\n ],\n [\n -102.55509069073659,\n 43.49459163360207\n ],\n [\n -102.49109164390808,\n 43.49135456209459\n ],\n [\n -102.40294493885204,\n 43.47379006618429\n ],\n [\n -102.3098505724263,\n 43.465209713416414\n ],\n [\n -102.27255837742683,\n 43.48077466407841\n ],\n [\n -102.25880034575657,\n 43.582995671627835\n ],\n [\n -102.35279341761728,\n 43.577534191075756\n ],\n [\n -102.44677360300271,\n 43.541331165393316\n ],\n [\n -102.54267701175816,\n 43.56638417465828\n ],\n [\n -102.58354318324504,\n 43.60646020158184\n ],\n [\n -102.53234630194093,\n 43.63244149516539\n ],\n [\n -102.49724178055375,\n 43.716432342349705\n ],\n [\n -102.34297147119695,\n 43.748511777562356\n ],\n [\n -102.2746784068271,\n 43.781173073417534\n ],\n [\n -102.25598001505656,\n 43.80871222310375\n ],\n [\n -102.08569317423665,\n 43.7448827308326\n ],\n [\n -101.86229425624181,\n 43.732224058910504\n ],\n [\n -101.87763233485761,\n 43.800704970828534\n ],\n [\n -101.9816413781004,\n 43.81545397317089\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Symstad, Amy 0000-0003-4231-2873 asymstad@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4231-2873","contributorId":201095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Symstad","given":"Amy","email":"asymstad@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":869742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70245790,"text":"70245790 - 2022 - Perspectives on premetamorphic stratabound tourmalinites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-27T12:10:06.160041","indexId":"70245790","displayToPublicDate":"2022-12-30T07:09:01","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":15684,"text":"Journal of Geosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Perspectives on premetamorphic stratabound tourmalinites","docAbstract":"Stratabound tourmalinites are metallogenically important rocks that locally show a close spatial association with diverse types of mineralization, especially volcanogenic massive sulfides (VMS) and clastic-dominated (CD) Zn-Pb deposits. These tourmalinite occurrences pan the geologic record from Eoarchean to Jurassic. Host lithologies are dominated by clastic metasedimentary rocks but in some areas include metavolcanic rocks, marble, or metaevaporites. Stratabound and stratiform (conformable) tourmalinites commonly display sedimentary structures such as graded beds, cross-beds, and rip-up clasts. In most cases, field and microtextural relationships are consistent with a synsedimentary to the early diagenetic introduction of boron as a precursor to tourmaline formation.
Whole-rock geochemical data for major, trace, and rare earth elements (REE) provide valuable insights into tourmalinite origins. Al-normalized values relative to those for least-altered host metasedimentary rocks suggest that tourmalinites in proximal settings at or near hydrothermal vent sites characterized by high fluid/rock regimes (e.g., Sullivan Pb-Zn-Ag deposit, Canada) have very different signatures than those in low fluid/rock, distal settings (e.g., Broken Hill Pb-Zn-Ag deposit, Australia). The high fluid/rock regimes at Sullivan show large mass changes of +60 % for Mg and +180 % for Mn, as well as large variations in abundances of light and middle REE. In contrast, tourmalinite formation in low fluid/rock regimes yields minimal Al-normalized changes in major elements, trace elements, and REE. Boron isotope values of tourmalinite-hosted tourmaline vary widely from -26.1 to +27.5 ‰, and are attributed mainly to boron sources (e.g., sediments, evaporites) with generally minor influence from processes such as formational temperature, fluid/rock ratio, and secular variation in seawater δ11B values.
Laterally extensive stratiform tourmalinites formed mainly by syngenetic or early diagenetic processes on or beneath the seafloor. The syngenetic process is attributed to the interaction of vented B-rich brines with aluminous minerals in sediments, whereas the diagenetic process involves the selective replacement of aluminous sediments by B-rich fluids. Modern examples of tourmalinites, as yet undiscovered, may exist in metalliferous sediments of the Red Sea and the eastern Pacific Ocean, in altered volcaniclastic sediments within active seafloor-hydrothermal systems of the South Pacific, and in hydrothermal mounds and vents associated with mafic sill complexes in extensional basins as in the North Sea and South China Sea. Stratabound tourmalinites that contain base-metal sulfides, high Mn concentrations (>1 wt. % MnO), or positive Eu anomalies can be valuable exploration guides for base-metal sulfide deposits in sedimentary and volcanic terranes.
Data availability remains a principal factor limiting the use of species distribution models (SDMs) as tools for wildlife conservation and management of rare species. Although data collected in systematic and rigorous fashion are preferable, available data for most species of conservation interest are usually low in both quality and number. Here we show that combining records published in peer-reviewed journals and gray literature sources (e.g., theses, government, and NGO reports) with unpublished records obtained by personal communications from relevant stakeholders affect the predicted distribution of spectacled bears (Tremarctos ornatus) in Peru. We built SDMs using generalized linear models, random forest, and Maxent, first using a dataset that only included published records, and second with a dataset using both published and unpublished records. All models were replicated ten times with random subsets with controlled sample size. Models that combined published and unpublished spectacled bear records had a better performance, irrespective of with SDM method used, increasing the connectivity of the species’ range, and increasing the overall predicted distribution area than models that only included published records. This was because unpublished records added key new localities, reducing spatial sampling biases. Our study shows that the inclusion of commonly disregarded data such as opportunistic records, reports from natural park rangers, student theses, and data-deficient small studies can make an important contribution to the overall ecological knowledge of rare and difficult-to-study species such as the spectacled bear.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Link","doi":"10.1007/s13364-022-00664-0","usgsCitation":"Falconi, N., Finn, J.T., Fuller, T., and Organ, J.F., 2022, Do unpublished data help to redraw distributions? The case of the spectacled bear in Peru: Mammal Research, v. 68, p. 143-150, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13364-022-00664-0.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"143","endPage":"150","ipdsId":"IP-119469","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":433452,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Peru","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-69.59042,-17.58001],[-69.85844,-18.09269],[-70.37257,-18.34798],[-71.37525,-17.7738],[-71.46204,-17.36349],[-73.44453,-16.35936],[-75.23788,-15.26568],[-76.00921,-14.64929],[-76.42347,-13.82319],[-76.25924,-13.53504],[-77.10619,-12.22272],[-78.09215,-10.37771],[-79.03695,-8.38657],[-79.44592,-7.93083],[-79.76058,-7.19434],[-80.53748,-6.54167],[-81.25,-6.13683],[-80.92635,-5.69056],[-81.41094,-4.73676],[-81.09967,-4.03639],[-80.30256,-3.40486],[-80.18401,-3.82116],[-80.46929,-4.05929],[-80.44224,-4.42572],[-80.02891,-4.34609],[-79.62498,-4.4542],[-79.20529,-4.95913],[-78.6399,-4.54778],[-78.45068,-3.8731],[-77.8379,-3.00302],[-76.63539,-2.60868],[-75.545,-1.56161],[-75.23372,-0.91142],[-75.37322,-0.15203],[-75.10662,-0.05721],[-74.4416,-0.53082],[-74.1224,-1.00283],[-73.6595,-1.26049],[-73.07039,-2.30895],[-72.32579,-2.43422],[-71.77476,-2.16979],[-71.41365,-2.3428],[-70.81348,-2.25686],[-70.04771,-2.72516],[-70.69268,-3.74287],[-70.39404,-3.76659],[-69.89364,-4.29819],[-70.79477,-4.25126],[-70.92884,-4.40159],[-71.74841,-4.59398],[-72.89193,-5.27456],[-72.96451,-5.74125],[-73.21971,-6.08919],[-73.12003,-6.62993],[-73.72449,-6.9186],[-73.7234,-7.341],[-73.98724,-7.52383],[-73.57106,-8.42445],[-73.01538,-9.03283],[-73.22671,-9.46221],[-72.56303,-9.52019],[-72.18489,-10.0536],[-71.30241,-10.07944],[-70.48189,-9.49012],[-70.54869,-11.00915],[-70.09375,-11.12397],[-69.52968,-10.95173],[-68.66508,-12.5613],[-68.88008,-12.89973],[-68.92922,-13.60268],[-68.94889,-14.45364],[-69.33953,-14.9532],[-69.16035,-15.32397],[-69.38976,-15.66013],[-68.95964,-16.5007],[-69.59042,-17.58001]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Peru\"}}]}","volume":"68","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Falconi, Nereyda","contributorId":272944,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Falconi","given":"Nereyda","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":909147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Finn, John T.","contributorId":43398,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Finn","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":16720,"text":"Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003-9485, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":909148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fuller, Todd K.","contributorId":270781,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fuller","given":"Todd K.","affiliations":[{"id":36396,"text":"University of Massachusetts","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":909149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Organ, John F. 0000-0002-0959-0639 jorgan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0959-0639","contributorId":189047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Organ","given":"John","email":"jorgan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":909150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}