California produces many key agricultural products in the United States. Current geospatial agricultural datasets are limited in mapping accuracy, spatial context, or observation period. This study uses machine learning and high-resolution imagery to produce a time series of crop maps to assess crop type trends and patterns across central California from 2005 to 2020. National Agriculture Imagery Program and Landsat imagery were used to classify nine crop types that are common in the study region: grain crops, field crops, rice, citrus and subtropical, deciduous fruit and nut, vineyard, berry and vegetable, pasture, and fallow/young perennial crop types. To create labeled data, we sampled 1253 fields and manually identified crop types for each examined year using high-resolution imagery and Landsat normalized difference vegetation index time series. We applied a random forest machine learning algorithm in Google Earth Engine. Results show that the mean overall classification accuracy of the nine-class map was 93.1%, with individual accuracies ranging from 99.3% (rice) to 89.5% (fallow/young perennial). Mann–Kendall trend tests showed significant (p less than 0.05) declines in field crop and pasture area during the study period, while deciduous fruit and nut, citrus and subtropical, and fallow/young perennial crop types experienced significant increases. At an aggregate level, there was a general shift from annual crop types to perennial crop types. These data provide a 16-year time span of spatially explicit crop type classifications, trends, and patterns in central California that can be used to aid managers and decision makers for resource planning or hazard mitigation.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America","doi":"10.1002/agg2.20553","usgsCitation":"Smith, B.W., Soulard, C.E., and Walker, J., 2024, Crop type classification, trends, and patterns of central California agricultural fields from 2005 to 2020: Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment, v. 7, no. 3, e20553, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/agg2.20553.","productDescription":"e20553, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-157770","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":466976,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agg2.20553","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":462483,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.39755424898114,\n 34.420043865180986\n ],\n [\n -118.3779343983518,\n 35.235828590126644\n ],\n [\n -118.14248794924036,\n 35.84498396138433\n ],\n [\n -121.41402389397426,\n 40.45021878284146\n ],\n [\n -124.11418123355082,\n 39.15848742125334\n ],\n [\n -120.39755424898114,\n 34.420043865180986\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Britt Windsor 0000-0003-1556-2383","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1556-2383","contributorId":287481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Britt","email":"","middleInitial":"Windsor","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":914531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Soulard, Christopher E. 0000-0002-5777-9516 csoulard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5777-9516","contributorId":2642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soulard","given":"Christopher","email":"csoulard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":914532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walker, Jessica J. 0000-0002-3225-0317","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3225-0317","contributorId":207373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"Jessica J.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":914533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70256231,"text":"70256231 - 2024 - Shallow storage of the explosive Earthquake Flat Pyroclastics magma body, Okataina Volcanic Center, Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand: Evidence from phase-equilibria experiments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-29T14:33:59.226821","indexId":"70256231","displayToPublicDate":"2024-07-25T09:06:37","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1336,"text":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shallow storage of the explosive Earthquake Flat Pyroclastics magma body, Okataina Volcanic Center, Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand: Evidence from phase-equilibria experiments","docAbstract":"Rhyolitic tuffs range widely in their crystal contents from nearly aphyric to crystal-rich, and their crystal cargoes inform concepts of upper crustal magma reservoirs. The Earthquake Flat pyroclastics (Okataina Volcanic Center, Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand) are 10 km3 of rhyolitic tuffs with abundant (~ 40 vol.%) plagioclase and quartz, minor biotite, hornblende, and orthopyroxene, and accessory Fe-Ti oxides, apatite, and zircon, set in high-silica rhyolitic glass. Major minerals form large, euhedral phenocrysts and abundant glomerocrysts with few disequilibrium textures excepting some faintly resorbed quartz. Plagioclase phenocrysts have thick rims of nearly constant composition near An30, and hornblende is weakly zoned or unzoned. The abundant and texturally complex mineral assemblage contrasts with the nearby (~ 25 km), nearly synchronous, but more voluminous and crystal-moderate rhyolite tuffs from Rotoiti caldera. New H2O-saturated phase-equilibria results on the erupted Earthquake Flat melt (glass) determine its co-saturation with the partial phenocryst assemblage of plagioclase, quartz, biotite, and Fe-Ti oxides at: 140 MPa, 755 ºC. These closely approximate the conditions of the pre-eruptive magma body assuming it was saturated with nearly pure H2O and at an fO2 of ~ Ni–NiO. Absence of hornblende and orthopyroxene from the synthesized assemblages may result from those minerals being in a peritectic reaction relation with melt to produce biotite, so they would not grow from the liquid used as starting material. Experimental results on Rotoiti rhyolite (Nicholls et al. 1992) show that the two bodies resided at similar pressures, temperatures, and fO2s. Lower crystal abundance of the Rotoiti tuffs may result from slight compositional differences. We interpret that the Earthquake Flat pyroclastics were sourced from the crystal-rich periphery of a mushy reservoir system with the Rotoiti occupying a more melt-rich central location. Uncertain is whether this was a single intrusion zoned continuously in crystallinity, or discrete adjacent intrusions, but our results illustrate and quantify complexities of magma storage across relatively short distances.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00410-024-02151-y","usgsCitation":"Grant, E.R., Blatter, D.L., Sisson, T.W., and Cooper, K.M., 2024, Shallow storage of the explosive Earthquake Flat Pyroclastics magma body, Okataina Volcanic Center, Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand: Evidence from phase-equilibria experiments: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 179, 81, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-024-02151-y.","productDescription":"81, 29 p.","ipdsId":"IP-158188","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":439253,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00410-024-02151-y","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":434922,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P13IM4QQ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Dataset establishing shallow storage of the explosive Earthquake Flat Pyroclastics magma body, Okataina Volcanic Center, Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand: evidence from phase-equilibria experiments"},{"id":431561,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"New Zealand","otherGeospatial":"North Island, Taupo Volcanic Zone","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 176.095561609664,\n -37.65496855984471\n ],\n [\n 176.095561609664,\n -38.389051762476605\n ],\n [\n 176.7278928943726,\n -38.389051762476605\n ],\n [\n 176.7278928943726,\n -37.65496855984471\n ],\n [\n 176.095561609664,\n -37.65496855984471\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"179","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grant, Elizabeth R. G. 0000-0002-9006-1151","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9006-1151","contributorId":340454,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grant","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"R. G.","affiliations":[{"id":16975,"text":"University of California Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blatter, Dawnika L. 0000-0002-7161-6844 dblatter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7161-6844","contributorId":4899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blatter","given":"Dawnika","email":"dblatter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":907171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sisson, Thomas W. 0000-0003-3380-6425 tsisson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3380-6425","contributorId":2341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sisson","given":"Thomas","email":"tsisson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":907172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cooper, Kari M 0000-0003-0636-6292","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0636-6292","contributorId":294378,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cooper","given":"Kari","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":16975,"text":"University of California Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70256998,"text":"70256998 - 2024 - Collision structures of the Prince William terrane and Chugach terrane docking along the Shumagin and Unimak convergent margins, Alaska, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-07T16:12:59.020563","indexId":"70256998","displayToPublicDate":"2024-07-25T08:41:51","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Collision structures of the Prince William terrane and Chugach terrane docking along the Shumagin and Unimak convergent margins, Alaska, USA","docAbstract":"Western Alaska’s convergent margins are composed of tectonostratigraphic terranes. On land, terrane assembly is recognized along boundaries or sutures between neighboring geologic elements with distinctly different origins. In marine areas where rock outcrops are covered by sediment, recognizing terrane sutures is problematic. A fault in seismic dip line 5 of the ALEUT project has been interpreted as a terrane suture. It is imaged intermittently down to the 30+-km-deep plate interface. Processing of ALEUT strike line 7 revealed the suture at ~18 km depths extending 300 km along the margin. Upper structures in line 5 are like the structures of adjacent seismic transects where imaging is only 8−10 km deep. They were previously not recognized as the upper reaches of terrane sutures and show structural details obscured at greater depths. The composite data are the basis for a simple tectonic model of terrane docking.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES02757.1","usgsCitation":"von Huene, R.E., and Miller, J.J., 2024, Collision structures of the Prince William terrane and Chugach terrane docking along the Shumagin and Unimak convergent margins, Alaska, USA: Geosphere, v. 20, no. 5, p. 1276-1285, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES02757.1.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1276","endPage":"1285","ipdsId":"IP-153757","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488998,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges02757.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":432273,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Southwest Alaska Trench","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -164,\n 56\n ],\n [\n -164,\n 52.75\n ],\n [\n -156,\n 52.75\n ],\n [\n -156,\n 56\n ],\n [\n -164,\n 56\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"20","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"von Huene, Roland E. 0000-0003-1301-3866 rvonhuene@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1301-3866","contributorId":191070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"von Huene","given":"Roland","email":"rvonhuene@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":7065,"text":"USGS emeritus","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":909108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, John J. 0000-0002-9098-0967 jmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9098-0967","contributorId":3785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"John","email":"jmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":909109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70259522,"text":"70259522 - 2024 - Host jump of an exotic fish rhabdovirus into a new class of animals poses a disease threat to amphibians","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-10T13:37:11.222234","indexId":"70259522","displayToPublicDate":"2024-07-25T08:28:32","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3700,"text":"Viruses","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Host jump of an exotic fish rhabdovirus into a new class of animals poses a disease threat to amphibians","docAbstract":"Spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV) is a rhabdovirus that primarily infects cyprinid finfishes and causes a disease notifiable to the World Organization for Animal Health. Amphibians, which are sympatric with cyprinids in freshwater ecosystems, are considered non-permissive hosts of rhabdoviruses. The potential host range expansion of SVCV in an atypical host species was evaluated by testing the susceptibility of amphibians native to the Pacific Northwest. Larval long-toed salamanders Ambystoma macrodactylum and Pacific tree frog Pseudacris regilla tadpoles were exposed to SVCV strains from genotypes Ia, Ib, Ic, or Id by either intraperitoneal injection, immersion, or cohabitation with virus-infected koi Cyprinus rubrofuscus. Cumulative mortality was 100% for salamanders injected with SVCV, 98–100% for tadpoles exposed to virus via immersion, and 0–100% for tadpoles cohabited with SVCV-infected koi. Many of the animals that died exhibited clinical signs of disease and SVCV RNA was found by in situ hybridization in tissue sections of immersion-exposed tadpoles, particularly in the cells of the gastrointestinal tract and liver. SVCV was also detected by plaque assay and RT-qPCR testing in both amphibian species regardless of the virus exposure method, and viable virus was detected up to 28 days after initial exposure. Recovery of infectious virus from naïve tadpoles cohabited with SVCV-infected koi further demonstrated that SVCV transmission can occur between classes of ectothermic vertebrates. Collectively, these results indicated that SVCV, a fish rhabdovirus, can be transmitted to and cause lethal disease in two amphibian species. Therefore, members of all five of the major vertebrate groups (mammals, birds, reptiles, fish, and amphibians) appear to be vulnerable to rhabdovirus infections. Future research studying potential spillover and spillback infections of aquatic rhabdoviruses between foreign and domestic amphibian and fish species will provide insights into the stressors driving novel interclass virus transmission events.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/v16081193","usgsCitation":"Emmenegger, E.J., Bueren, E.K., Conway, C.M., Sanders, G.E., Hendrix, A.N., Schroeder, T., Di Cicco, E., Pham, P.H., S., L.J., and Clouthier, S.C., 2024, Host jump of an exotic fish rhabdovirus into a new class of animals poses a disease threat to amphibians: Viruses, v. 16, no. 8, 1193, 33 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/v16081193.","productDescription":"1193, 33 p.","ipdsId":"IP-167008","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":466977,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/v16081193","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":462786,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Emmenegger, Eveline J. 0000-0001-5217-6030 eemmenegger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5217-6030","contributorId":2434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emmenegger","given":"Eveline","email":"eemmenegger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":915592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bueren, Emma K. 0000-0002-5738-3917","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5738-3917","contributorId":289657,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bueren","given":"Emma","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":62212,"text":"Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24061","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":915593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Conway, Carla M. 0000-0002-3851-3616 cmconway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3851-3616","contributorId":2946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conway","given":"Carla","email":"cmconway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":915594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sanders, George E.","contributorId":147207,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sanders","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":16803,"text":"University of Washington, School of Medicine, Dept. of Comparative Medicine, T-160 Health Sciences Center, Seattle, WA 98195","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":915595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hendrix, A. Noble","contributorId":171940,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hendrix","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"Noble","affiliations":[{"id":26969,"text":"QEDA Consulting, LLC, Seattle, Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":915596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schroeder, Tamara","contributorId":265647,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schroeder","given":"Tamara","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":54748,"text":"Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Freshwater Institute, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N6, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":915597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Di Cicco, Emiliano","contributorId":345083,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Di Cicco","given":"Emiliano","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":82488,"text":"Pacific Salmon Foundation, 1682 W 7th Ave., Vancouver, BC V6J 4S6, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":915598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Pham, Phuc H.","contributorId":345084,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pham","given":"Phuc","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":82489,"text":"Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":915599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"S., Lumsden John","contributorId":345085,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"S.","given":"Lumsden","email":"","middleInitial":"John","affiliations":[{"id":82489,"text":"Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":915600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Clouthier, Sharon C.","contributorId":345086,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clouthier","given":"Sharon","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":82490,"text":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) Freshwater Institute, 501 University Crescent, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N6, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":915601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70256388,"text":"70256388 - 2024 - Assessing the population consequences of disturbance and climate change for the Pacific walrus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-30T11:47:40.220932","indexId":"70256388","displayToPublicDate":"2024-07-25T06:45:06","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2663,"text":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing the population consequences of disturbance and climate change for the Pacific walrus","docAbstract":"Climate change and anthropogenic disturbance are increasingly affecting wildlife at a global scale. Predicting how varying types and degrees of disturbance may interact to influence population dynamics is a key management challenge. Population consequences of disturbance (PCoD) models provide a framework to link effects of anthropogenic disturbance on an individual’s behavior and physiology to population-level changes. In the present study, we develop a Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) PCoD model to encompass the population-level effects of both anthropogenic disturbance and climate change. As the Arctic becomes increasingly ice-free, walruses spend more time at coastal (vs. ice-based) haulouts, from which they must expend more energy to reach foraging areas and where they have an elevated risk of mortality. Concurrently, sea ice loss is increasing the anthropogenic footprint in the Arctic (e.g. fisheries, shipping, energy exploration), which creates additional disturbance. We applied the PCoD model to 4 scenarios (ranging from optimistic to pessimistic) which incorporate different global sea ice model projections along with varying degrees of anthropogenic disturbance. All scenarios indicated a decline in Pacific walrus vital rates by the end of the 21st century, but our results demonstrated that the intensity of that decline could be mitigated by global efforts to reduce carbon emissions, along with local management and conservation efforts to protect important coastal haulouts and foraging grounds. In summary, we introduce a flexible PCoD modeling framework in a novel context which will prove useful to researchers studying species threatened by rapid environmental change.
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\"}}]}","contact":"Director, National Geospatial Program
U.S. Geological Survey
MS 511
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
Email: 3DEP@usgs.gov
","tableOfContents":"The Deepwater Horizon mobile drilling platform exploded on April 20, 2010. The resulting massive oil spill injured natural resources in the Gulf of Mexico, including wintering common loons (Gavia immer). We report on activities completed under the “Restoration of Common Loons in Minnesota” project in calendar year 2023, which was funded by the Open Ocean Trustee Implementation Group. In 2022, a subset of monitored breeding territories was identified as focal territories, which are sampling units for the study. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, monitored 98 common loon focal territories and an additional 43 nonfocal territories in 2023 across 56 study lakes in Minnesota. We collaborated with lake associations and private citizens to deploy 42 artificial nesting platforms within 44 focal treatment territories. The remaining 54 focal territories were controls. Territorial surveys were completed from May 8 to August 11, 2023, to evaluate occupancy, nest success, and chick survival. At least one nest attempt was observed in 31 of 44 treatment territories and a second nest attempt was observed after a failed initial attempt in 6 treatment territories. However, only one nest was on an artificial nesting platform in a treatment territory; the remaining nest locations were natural. At least one nest attempt was observed in 37 of 54 control territories, and a second nest attempt was observed after a failed initial attempt in 5 control territories. Chicks or other evidence of hatching were observed in 17 of 54 control territories and 17 of 44 treatment territories, with 1 of those successful treatment nests occurring on an artificial nesting platform. This report includes no formal analysis, but we plan to analyze data after collection of all field data in subsequent years.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20241044","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources and Minnesota Pollution Control Agency","usgsCitation":"Beatty, W.S., Amoth, K., Bergstrom, K., Fara, L.J., Gray, B.R., Houdek, S.C., Jech, J., Kenow, K.P., Rabasco, R., Rettler, S., Wellik, M., and Yang, S., 2024, Restoration of common loon (Gavia immer) in Minnesota—2023 annual report: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2024–1044, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20241044.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 6 p.; 2 Data Releases","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-162805","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":431372,"rank":7,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P13YB3AF","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Summary of detection data for breeding common loons in north-central Minnesota (2023)"},{"id":431366,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2024/1044/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":431367,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2024/1044/ofr20241044.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2024–1044"},{"id":431368,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2024/1044/ofr20241044.XML"},{"id":431369,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2024/1044/images/"},{"id":431370,"rank":5,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20241044/full"},{"id":431371,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9LA536E","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Summary of detection data for breeding common loons in north-central Minnesota (2021–2022)"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -96.57221262524712,\n 48.473840582024934\n ],\n [\n -96.57221262524712,\n 46.234012124497895\n ],\n [\n -93.01264231274689,\n 46.234012124497895\n ],\n [\n -93.01264231274689,\n 48.473840582024934\n ],\n [\n -96.57221262524712,\n 48.473840582024934\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2630 Fanta Reed Road
La Crosse, Wisconsin 54603
Using a geology-based assessment methodology, the U.S. Geological Survey estimated undiscovered, technically recoverable mean resources of 5.1 billion barrels of oil and 79.1 trillion cubic feet of gas in offshore East Africa and the Seychelles.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20243010","programNote":"National and Global Petroleum Assessment","usgsCitation":"Schenk, C.J., Mercier, T.J., Woodall, C.A., Le, P.A., Cicero, A.D., Drake, R.M., II, Ellis, G.S., Finn, T.M., Gardner, M.H., Gelman, S.E., Hearon, J.S., Johnson, B.G., Lagesse, J.H., Leathers-Miller, H.M., Marra, K.R., Timm, K.K., Young, S.S., 2024, Assessment of undiscovered conventional oil and gas resources of offshore East Africa and the Seychelles, 2022: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2024–3010, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20243010.","productDescription":"Report: 4 p.; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-145814","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":431303,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P97AP0CO","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"USGS National and Global Oil and Gas Assessment Project—East Africa and Seychelles Provinces: Assessment Unit Boundaries, Assessment Input data, and Fact Sheet Data Tables"},{"id":431301,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2024/3010/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":431302,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2024/3010/fs20243010.pdf","text":"Report","size":"720 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2024-3010"},{"id":431373,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2024/3010/images"},{"id":431374,"rank":5,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2024/3010/fs20243010.xml"},{"id":431375,"rank":6,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/fs20243010/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"FS 2024-3010"}],"otherGeospatial":"East Africa, the Seychelles","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 32.626820349755945,\n -26.130240169293238\n ],\n [\n 62.94908597475583,\n -26.130240169293238\n ],\n [\n 62.94908597475583,\n 2.7077249383509496\n ],\n [\n 32.626820349755945,\n 2.7077249383509496\n ],\n [\n 32.626820349755945,\n -26.130240169293238\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Central Energy Resources Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS-939
Denver, CO 80225-0046
Global expansion in wind energy development is a notable achievement of the international community’s effort to reduce carbon emissions during energy production. However, the increasing number of wind turbines have unintended consequences for migratory birds and bats. Wind turbine curtailment and other mitigation strategies can reduce fatalities, but improved spatial and temporal data are needed to identify the most effective way for wind energy development and volant migratory species to coexist. Mexican free-tailed bats (Tadarida brasiliensis mexicana) account for a large proportion of known bat fatalities at wind facilities in the southwestern US. We examined the geographic concordance between existing wind energy generation facilities, areas of high wind potential amenable for future deployment of wind facilities, and seasonally suitable habitat for these bats. We used ecological niche modeling to determine species distribution during each of 4 seasons. We used a multi-criteria GIS-based approach to produce a wind turbine siting suitability map. We identified seasonal locations with highest and lowest potential for the species’ probability of occurrence, providing a potential explanation for the higher observed fatalities during fall migration. Thirty percent of 33,606 wind turbines within the southwestern US occurred in highly suitable areas for Mexican free-tailed bats, primarily in west Texas. There is also broad spatial overlap between areas of high wind potential and areas of suitable habitat for Mexican free-tailed bats. Because of this high degree of overlap, our results indicate that post-construction strategies, such as curtailing the timing of operations and deterrents, would be more effective for bat conservation than strategic siting of new wind energy installations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41598-024-66490-3","usgsCitation":"Huang, T., Feng, X., Derbridge, J.J., Libby, K., Diffendorfer, J., Thogmartin, W.E., McCracken, G., Medellin, R., and Lopez-Hoffman, L., 2024, Potential for spatial coexistence of a transboundary migratory species and wind energy development: Scientific Reports, v. 14, 17050, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-66490-3.","productDescription":"17050, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-117864","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":466978,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-66490-3","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":465068,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico, United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n 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seafloor from archived unmanned submersible exploration dives","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-08-06T13:30:05.401425","indexId":"70256983","displayToPublicDate":"2024-07-24T08:23:11","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2380,"text":"Journal of Marine Science and Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Photogrammetry of the deep seafloor from archived unmanned submersible exploration dives","docAbstract":"Large amounts of video images have been collected for decades by scientific and governmental organizations in deep (>1000 m) water using manned and unmanned submersibles and towed cameras. The collected images were analyzed individually or were mosaiced in small areas with great effort. Here, we provide a workflow for utilizing modern photogrammetry to construct virtual geological outcrops hundreds or thousands of meters in length from these archived video images. The photogrammetry further allows quantitative measurements of these outcrops, which were previously unavailable. Although photogrammetry had been carried out in recent years in the deep sea, it had been limited to small areas with pre-defined overlapping dive paths. Here, we propose a workflow for constructing virtual outcrops from archived exploration dives, which addresses the complicating factors posed by single non-linear and variable-speed vehicle paths. These factors include poor navigation, variable lighting, differential color attenuation due to variable distance from the seafloor, and variable camera orientation with respect to the vehicle. In particular, the lack of accurate navigation necessitates reliance on image quality and the establishment of pseudo-ground-control points to build the photogrammetry model. Our workflow offers an inexpensive method for analyzing deep-sea geological environments from existing video images, particularly when coupled with rock samples.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/jmse12081250","usgsCitation":"Flores, C., and ten Brink, U.S., 2024, Photogrammetry of the deep seafloor from archived unmanned submersible exploration dives: Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, v. 12, no. 8, 1250, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12081250.","productDescription":"1250, 19 p.","ipdsId":"IP-159627","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":439255,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12081250","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":432271,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Atlantic Ocean","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -68.1,\n 19.2\n ],\n [\n -68.1,\n 18.3\n ],\n [\n -66.8,\n 18.3\n ],\n [\n -66.8,\n 19.2\n ],\n [\n -68.1,\n 19.2\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flores, Claudia 0000-0003-0676-7061 cflores@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0676-7061","contributorId":304396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flores","given":"Claudia","email":"cflores@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":909080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"ten Brink, Uri S. 0000-0001-6858-3001","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6858-3001","contributorId":201741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"ten Brink","given":"Uri","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":909081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70264796,"text":"70264796 - 2024 - Gape-limited invasive predator frequently kills avian prey that are too large to swallow","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-24T15:08:54.248637","indexId":"70264796","displayToPublicDate":"2024-07-24T08:02:06","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gape-limited invasive predator frequently kills avian prey that are too large to swallow","docAbstract":"Gape-limited predators (e.g., snakes, many fish) are not generally expected to pose a predation threat to prey that are too large for them to swallow. However, the extent to which snakes predate on prey that exceed their gape limitation remains largely unknown. We conducted the first study to investigate the influence of both prey and predator sizes on the frequency of ingestion success by snakes in a natural system. We combined survival monitoring of an avian prey species (Aplonis opaca) via radio-telemetry with a survey of the size distribution of their major predator (Boiga irregularis) on Guam. This allowed us to assess (1) the frequency of unsuccessful ingestion by the predator, (2) whether the size of the prey predicts ingestion success, (3) whether the size of the predator predicts ingestion success, and (4) the relationship between prey and predator sizes in successful ingestion attempts. We found that nearly half (47.95%) of ingestion attempts by snakes on fledgling birds were unsuccessful, and no instances where unsuccessful ingestion caused the mortality of the snake. Attempts to consume smaller fledglings were as likely to be unsuccessful as attempts to swallow larger fledglings. However, snakes that successfully ingested fledglings were among the largest snakes in the population, and larger than average conspecifics attracted to endothermic prey. The smallest snakes that successfully ingested fledglings attained remarkably high relative prey mass values for their species, consuming prey weighing up to 79.9% of their own mass. Our study indicates that B. irregularis routinely predate prey that are too large for them to successfully ingest, which causes mortality to the prey but poses little risk to the predator. The potential reward for snakes in consuming oversized prey may outweigh the inherent risks, while instances of predation that do not result in consumption may have considerable impacts on prey populations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.11598","usgsCitation":"Kastner, M., Goetz, S.M., Baker, K.M., Siers, S.R., Paxton, E.H., Nafus, M., and Rogers, H., 2024, Gape-limited invasive predator frequently kills avian prey that are too large to swallow: Ecology and Evolution, v. 14, no. 7, e11598, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.11598.","productDescription":"e11598, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-159071","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488373,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.11598","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":483715,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Guam","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 144.52940654060023,\n 13.730269126756554\n ],\n [\n 144.52940654060023,\n 13.229219717321797\n ],\n [\n 145.03819941430874,\n 13.229219717321797\n ],\n [\n 145.03819941430874,\n 13.730269126756554\n ],\n [\n 144.52940654060023,\n 13.730269126756554\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kastner, Martin","contributorId":293508,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kastner","given":"Martin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6911,"text":"Iowa State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":931729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goetz, Scott Michael 0000-0002-8705-5316","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8705-5316","contributorId":228868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goetz","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":931730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baker, Kayla M","contributorId":279515,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baker","given":"Kayla","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":931731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Siers, Shane R.","contributorId":152305,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Siers","given":"Shane","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":931732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Paxton, Eben H. 0000-0001-5578-7689","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5578-7689","contributorId":19640,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paxton","given":"Eben","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":931733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Nafus, Melia Gail 0000-0002-7325-3055","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7325-3055","contributorId":245717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nafus","given":"Melia Gail","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":931734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rogers, Haldre","contributorId":279510,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rogers","given":"Haldre","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6911,"text":"Iowa State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":931735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70259685,"text":"70259685 - 2024 - Cathodoluminescence imaging and spectrometry of a jadeite microbeam reference crystal: Detection of Ce3+","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-21T12:26:18.509509","indexId":"70259685","displayToPublicDate":"2024-07-24T07:22:45","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2738,"text":"Microscopy and Microanalysis","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cathodoluminescence imaging and spectrometry of a jadeite microbeam reference crystal: Detection of Ce3+","docAbstract":"Options for selecting a high Na concentration mineral for instrument calibration that are suitably stable under the electron beam are limited [1]. NaCl (approximately a mass fraction of 39 % Na) is not practical for use alongside other embedded and polished materials in a mounted block of standards. While albite (NaAlSi3O8; approximately a mass fraction of 8 % Na) represents a typical choice for some microanalysts, it may be subject to time dependent signal intensity issues, such as those observed for Na and other cations during analysis of hydrous glasses [2]. Near endmember jadeite pyroxene (NaAlSi2O6; approximately mass fraction of 11 % Na) represents a desirable option for calibration given its relatively large concentration of Na and insensitivity to electron beam radiation with respect to X-ray output. Despite these desirable characteristics, jadeites have been shown to contain complex microstructures as the result of intracrystalline zoning [3, 4], and the impact of chemical inhomogeneity within mineral standards and natural glasses has been documented [5-7]. In this study, a commercially obtained jadeite crystal (source location “China”) was studied to assess its microscale uniformity using a suite of microbeam methods, including dispersive red-green-blue multispectral cathodoluminescence imaging (CLRGB), hyperspectral CL imaging spectrometry, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS), SEM-based micro-X-ray fluorescence (μXRF), and wavelength dispersive X-ray spectrometry (WDS).
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/mam/ozae044.012","usgsCitation":"Lameris, T., Lowers, H.A., Wight, S.A., and Vicenzi, E.P., 2024, Cathodoluminescence imaging and spectrometry of a jadeite microbeam reference crystal: Detection of Ce3+: Microscopy and Microanalysis, v. 30, p. 25-28, https://doi.org/10.1093/mam/ozae044.012.","productDescription":"ozae044.012, 4 p.","startPage":"25","endPage":"28","ipdsId":"IP-162139","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498020,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mam/ozae044.012","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":463062,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lameris, Thomas","contributorId":270786,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lameris","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36570,"text":"NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":916236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lowers, Heather A. 0000-0001-5360-9264 hlowers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5360-9264","contributorId":191307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowers","given":"Heather","email":"hlowers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":916237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wight, Scott A.","contributorId":345300,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wight","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":47720,"text":"NIST","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":916238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vicenzi, Edward P.","contributorId":345301,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vicenzi","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":36606,"text":"Smithsonian Institution","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":916239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70259724,"text":"70259724 - 2024 - Correlating quantified cathodoluminescence spectra in jadeite with micro-scale color measurements in visible-near infrared reflectance spectrometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-21T12:17:42.212175","indexId":"70259724","displayToPublicDate":"2024-07-24T07:16:21","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2738,"text":"Microscopy and Microanalysis","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Correlating quantified cathodoluminescence spectra in jadeite with micro-scale color measurements in visible-near infrared reflectance spectrometry","docAbstract":"Cultures throughout history have valued jadeite jade (hereinafter jade), a natural material assemblage composed predominately of the NaAl endmember pyroxene, jadeite (NaAlSi2O6) that is prized for its mechanical properties and enticing coloration [1, 2]. The geological setting for the formation of jadeite-rich rocks and associated complex geochemical phenomena is well documented in the literature [3-5]. Unlike single crystal gems, jade often contains a mixture of colors, but the stone is perhaps best known for exhibiting a range of green hues from pale green to blue green, and to deep green [1, 6]. Efforts to classify jade color include qualitative matching to a set of reference color tiles, and less commonly, use of a more quantitative set of color perception values first established by International Commission on Illumination’s (CIE 1931) color space, which includes values for light-dark luminance level (L*), a green-red vector (a*), and a blue-yellow vector (b*) [7, 8]. Two principal mechanisms have been identified as the cause of green coloration in jadeite: 1) the chemical state of impurity Fe, either 2+ or 3+, and 2) minor to trace Cr in the crystal structure [9, 10]. Previous studies have associated Cr3+ with cathodoluminescence (CL) spectral features in jadeite using point spectrometry, with more recent connections made via 2D CL spectrum imaging [11-13]. In this effort, we are seeking to establish whether Cr impurities are correlated with green coloration in jadeite using micro-scale (≤110 μm) visible-near infrared (VIS-NIR) reflectance spectrometry.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/mam/ozae044.009","usgsCitation":"Vicenzi, E.P., Lameris, T., Lowers, H.A., and MacRae, C., 2024, Correlating quantified cathodoluminescence spectra in jadeite with micro-scale color measurements in visible-near infrared reflectance spectrometry: Microscopy and Microanalysis, v. 30, https://doi.org/10.1093/mam/ozae044.009.","productDescription":"ozae044.009, 4 p.","startPage":"21","ipdsId":"IP-162140","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":463061,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","edition":"18","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vicenzi, Edward P.","contributorId":345301,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vicenzi","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":36606,"text":"Smithsonian Institution","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":916460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lameris, Thomas","contributorId":270786,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lameris","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36570,"text":"NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":916461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lowers, Heather A. 0000-0001-5360-9264 hlowers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5360-9264","contributorId":191307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowers","given":"Heather","email":"hlowers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":916462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"MacRae, Colin","contributorId":295342,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"MacRae","given":"Colin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":63849,"text":"CSIRO Minerals","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":916463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70259682,"text":"70259682 - 2024 - Compositional and structural mapping of Northwest Africa 15507 angrite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-21T12:15:43.068912","indexId":"70259682","displayToPublicDate":"2024-07-24T07:13:46","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2738,"text":"Microscopy and Microanalysis","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Compositional and structural mapping of Northwest Africa 15507 angrite","docAbstract":"Angrite meteorites represent interesting sampling of planetary crustal environments. Quench-textured angrites with strong crystal zoning originated from the shallow surface region, with evidence of reducing conditions during solidification. Plutonic angrites have more coarse-grained igneous and metamorphic textures with comparatively less zoning and are interpreted as having equilibrated at greater depth. Plutonic angrites contain the minerals magnetite Fe3O4 comprised of Fe2+ and Fe3+, and rhönite, where Fe3+ is required by inspection of mineral stoichiometry. NWA 15507 is a plutonic angrite with a microgabbroic texture (mean grainsize ∼1.4 mm) composed of zoned Al-Ti-augite, Ca-bearing olivine, anorthite, with accessory kirschsteinite, rhönite, hercynite, low-Ni kamacite, merrillite, Ti-free magnetite and troilite [1]. Rhönite analyzed by electron-probe microanalysis (EPMA) has the formula Ca2.04(Mg0.32Fe2+4.25Fe3+0.47Ti0.33Al0.61)(Si3.74Al2.26)O20, where Fe3+ was estimated by stoichiometric analysis. During preliminary cathodoluminescence (CL) analysis, complex subgrain and oscillatory zoning was observed in the anorthite. In this study we use a combined approach of electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), cathodoluminescence (CL), electron-backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and laser ablation inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) to further investigate the anorthite and distribution of Fe3+ in NWA 15507.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/mam/ozae044.008","usgsCitation":"Lowers, H.A., Carpenter, P., Thompson, J.M., and Irving, A., 2024, Compositional and structural mapping of Northwest Africa 15507 angrite: Microscopy and Microanalysis, v. 30, p. 15-17, https://doi.org/10.1093/mam/ozae044.008.","productDescription":"ozae044.008, 3 p.","startPage":"15","endPage":"17","ipdsId":"IP-162946","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498021,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mam/ozae044.008","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":463060,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lowers, Heather A. 0000-0001-5360-9264 hlowers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5360-9264","contributorId":191307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowers","given":"Heather","email":"hlowers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":916232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carpenter, Paul C.","contributorId":345297,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carpenter","given":"Paul C.","affiliations":[{"id":35028,"text":"Washington University in St. Louis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":916233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thompson, Jay M. 0000-0003-3322-0870","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3322-0870","contributorId":329664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Jay","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":916234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Irving, Anthony","contributorId":332496,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Irving","given":"Anthony","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":916235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70256190,"text":"70256190 - 2024 - Mercury concentrations in Seaside Sparrows and Marsh Rice Rats differ across the Mississippi River Estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-23T16:12:38.890928","indexId":"70256190","displayToPublicDate":"2024-07-24T06:36:33","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1479,"text":"Ecotoxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury concentrations in Seaside Sparrows and Marsh Rice Rats differ across the Mississippi River Estuary","docAbstract":"Mercury (Hg) concentrations and their associated toxicological effects in terrestrial ecosystems of the Gulf of Mexico are largely unknown. Compounding this uncertainty, a large input of organic matter from the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill may have altered Hg cycling and bioaccumulation dynamics. To test this idea, we quantified blood concentrations of total mercury (THg) in Seaside Sparrows (Ammospiza maritima) and Marsh Rice Rats (Oryzomys palustris) in marshes west and east of the Mississippi River in 2015 and 2016. We also tested for a difference in THg concentrations between oiled and non-oiled sites. To address the potential confounding effect of diet variation on Hg transfer, we used stable nitrogen (δ15N) and carbon (δ13C) isotope values as proxies of trophic position and the source of primary production, respectively. Our results revealed that five to six years after the spill, THg concentrations were not higher in sites oiled by the spill compared to non-oiled sites. In both species, THg was higher at sites east of the Mississippi River compared to control and oiled sites, located west. In Seaside Sparrows but not in Marsh Rice Rats, THg increased with δ15N values, suggesting Hg trophic biomagnification. Overall, even in sites with the most elevated THg, concentrations were generally low. In Seaside Sparrows, THg concentrations were also lower than previously reported in this and other closely related passerines, with only 7% of tested birds exceeding the lowest observed effect concentration associated with toxic effects across bird species (0.2 µg/g ww). The factors associated with geographic heterogeneity in Hg exposure remain uncertain. Clarification could inform risk assessment and future restoration and management actions in a region facing vast anthropogenic changes.
From April-May 2024, the NASA Mentors who span eleven Distributed Active Archive Centers (DAACs) co-led the third Champions Cohort with the NASA Openscapes project team, this year focusing on, teaching lessons they adapted for geospatial and cloud analysis. The Cohort included nine international research teams from academia and government that were curious about working with NASA Earthdata in the Cloud. Many teams were interested in using data from multiple DAACs. User cloud adaption takes time, given the new conceptual mindsets and technical skillsets it requires. During the ten weeks we worked together, NASA Mentors refined and extended previous lessons to focus on thinking through and planning the transition to using the Cloud for science research and applications, and initial experiments using the Cloud through our 2i2c JupyterHub. Below are these updates and YouTube clips!
There were also recurring themes/questions that we have heard before, some of which remain as open questions and continue to remain a challenge. Importantly, Amazon Web Services (AWS) Cloud onboarding, when to use what resources, how to set them up, and how to discuss needs with organizational leadership and IT staff, which often falls outside the scope of NASA DAACs, yet it’s a key element of helping users adopt the Cloud and use NASA data in the Cloud. It is encouraging to hear some of the champions starting to have conversations with their institutions, IT departments, and making their needs known, which is likely a big part of the solution, too. We are thankful to NASA Openscapes Champions for informing and nudging these conversations! All of this work is underpinned by Openscapes and NASA’s commitment to open science practices and a kinder collaborative culture. This cohort is funded by NASA and is part of our NASA Openscapes Framework project.
","language":"English","publisher":"NASA","usgsCitation":"Thornton, M., Taglialatela, C., Lopez, L., Fisher, M., Hunzinger, A., Jami, M., Lind, B.M., Nickles, C., Teucher, A., Merrelli, A., Robinson, E., and Lowndes, J., 2024, NASA Champions 2024: Data strategies for when to use cloud, coding strategies for parallelization, & first examples of big science in the Cloud, HTML Document.","productDescription":"HTML Document","ipdsId":"IP-167616","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":431422,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://nasa-openscapes.github.io/news/2024-07-24-2024-nasa-champions-cohort/"},{"id":431457,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thornton, 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The BLM administers, manages, and protects 19 of these trails as part of its system of national conservation lands. Various laws, regulations, and policies require that the BLM conduct and maintain an inventory to protect trail-related resources, qualities, values, associated settings, and primary use or uses. There are set procedures for conducting inventory, assessment, and monitoring (IAM) of NSHTs, as outlined in volumes 1 and 2 of BLM Technical Reference 6280-1. One of the first steps in the IAM process is deciding the area along a trail to inventory. However, volumes 1 and 2 of BLM Technical Reference 6280-1 do not specify how the land area to be inventoried should be delineated. The BLM calls these focus areas for IAM efforts “inventory analysis units” (IAUs), which are defined as the geospatial boundary for the location of an inventory along a trail. This report reviews the approach used to delineate the IAUs for an inventory effort and identifies best practices for creating initial IAUs, termed “draft IAUs.” Draft IAUs would provide standardization across multiple management jurisdictions by applying the same parameters for their delineation. These draft IAUs would provide trail managers with an area surrounding NSHTs that would trigger the need for an inventory if a project were proposed within it and are meant to be refined during localized inventory efforts. The best practices herein are for creating draft IAUs using standard parameters for performing a viewshed analysis to identify a proxy of land to include in an initial inventory effort.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20245060","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management","programNote":"Land Management Research Program","usgsCitation":"Lindley, S.M., Wilkins, E.J., Farley, C., Rogers, K., and Schuster, R., 2024, Delineating draft inventory analysis units for National Scenic and Historic Trails inventory, assessment, and monitoring programs: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2024–5060, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20245060.","productDescription":"vi, 14 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-167546","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":431360,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5060/sir20245060.xml"},{"id":431359,"rank":3,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5060/images"},{"id":431310,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5060/sir20245060.pdf","text":"Report","size":"8.16 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2024-5060"},{"id":431445,"rank":5,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20245060/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2024-5060"},{"id":431309,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5060/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.32269505673072,\n 37.12200862948433\n ],\n [\n -109.32269505673072,\n 31.181092298048213\n ],\n [\n -105.30169896298118,\n 31.181092298048213\n ],\n [\n -105.30169896298118,\n 37.12200862948433\n ],\n [\n -109.32269505673072,\n 37.12200862948433\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Fort Collins Science Center
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Intertribal networks for collecting and analyzing hydrologic and environmental data are growing. The U.S. Geological Survey can be a key partner with Tribal Nations in the further development of network capacity. A first step is the internship opportunity available through the partnership between the USGS and The Wildlife Society: The Native American Research Assistantship Program.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20243026","usgsCitation":"Hare-Red Corn, E., Breault, R.F., and Sorenson, J.R., 2024, The Native American Research Assistantship Program—Building capacity for Indigenous water-resources monitoring: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2024–3026, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20243026.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-158895","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":431260,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2024/3026/images/"},{"id":431259,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2024/3026/fs20243026.XML","linkFileType":{"id":8,"text":"xml"},"description":"FS 2024-3026 XML"},{"id":431258,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/fs20243026/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"FS 2024-3026 HTML"},{"id":431257,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2024/3026/fs20243026.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.13 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2024-3026 PDF"},{"id":431256,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2024/3026/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"Director, New York Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
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We read the letter written by Loope et al. (2024) that evaluated the predictive population model for gopher tortoises from our previous paper (Folt et al., 2022), and, despite criticism raised, we contend that our effort remains a valuable contribution. In our previous paper, we performed an unprecedented and exhaustive review of gopher tortoise population demography, which synthesized a large volume of literature about the current state of knowledge on gopher tortoise population dynamics and factors that influence demographic rates, including anthropogenic threats (Folt et al., 2022). We then built a predictive population model that examined the relative influence of multiple anthropogenic stressors on tortoise populations into the future, while accounting for important geographic variation (Folt et al., 2022).
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gecco.2024.e03093","usgsCitation":"Folt, B., Agha, M., Emanuel, J.A., Dziadzio, M., Cooke, J., Mena, L., Hinderliter, M., Hoffmann, S., Rankin, N., Tupy, J., and McGowan, C.P., 2024, Strengths and opportunities in gopher tortoise population modeling: Reply to Loope et al.: Global Ecology and Conservation, v. 54, e03093, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2024.e03093.","productDescription":"e03093, 2 p.","ipdsId":"IP-166659","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":504179,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2024.e03093","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":503949,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Folt, Brian","contributorId":267702,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Folt","given":"Brian","affiliations":[{"id":13360,"text":"Auburn University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":960972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Agha, Mirza M. magha@usgs.gov","contributorId":4283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Agha","given":"Mirza M.","email":"magha@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":960973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Emanuel, Jo Anna","contributorId":337478,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Emanuel","given":"Jo","email":"","middleInitial":"Anna","affiliations":[{"id":81021,"text":"Florida Ecological Services","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":960974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dziadzio, Michelina","contributorId":337480,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dziadzio","given":"Michelina","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12556,"text":"Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":960975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cooke, Jane","contributorId":337481,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cooke","given":"Jane","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":81021,"text":"Florida Ecological Services","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":960976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mena, Lourdes","contributorId":237782,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mena","given":"Lourdes","affiliations":[{"id":47612,"text":"USFWS, Nebraska Ecological Services Field Office","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":960977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hinderliter, Matthew","contributorId":337483,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hinderliter","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":960978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hoffmann, Scott","contributorId":337616,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoffmann","given":"Scott","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":960979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Rankin, Nicole","contributorId":371080,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rankin","given":"Nicole","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":960980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Tupy, John","contributorId":337486,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tupy","given":"John","affiliations":[{"id":81024,"text":"Mississippi Ecological Services Office","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":960981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"McGowan, Conor P. 0000-0002-7330-9581 cmcgowan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7330-9581","contributorId":10145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGowan","given":"Conor","email":"cmcgowan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":960938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70257458,"text":"70257458 - 2024 - Assessing the attractiveness of native wildflower species to bees (Hymenoptera: Anthophila) in the southeastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-10T15:19:29.744735","indexId":"70257458","displayToPublicDate":"2024-07-23T10:13:40","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":9977,"text":"Ecological Solutions and Evidence","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing the attractiveness of native wildflower species to bees (Hymenoptera: Anthophila) in the southeastern United States","docAbstract":"Decades of human activities and fire suppression have adversely affected longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) ecosystems, which are home to high levels of diversity and endemism. These iconic ecosystems also now face challenges from urbanization and climate change, which will alter conservation outcomes over the remainder of the 21st century. To explore how long-term, large-scale human influences could affect the spatial and functional persistence of extant longleaf pine ecosystems in the Florida Flatwoods Pyrome, we extracted a set of 2400 longleaf pine patches ≥40 ha in size from the Florida Longleaf Pine Ecosystem Geodatabase. Projections from the FUTURES urban growth model and the Florida 2070 project indicate that development will lead to losses of existing longleaf pine habitat, reductions in longleaf pine patch size, and patches that are predominantly located in close proximity to developed areas. Finer-scale patterns of longleaf pine loss in three focal landscapes highlighted differences in land protection, ecological setting, and development pressure and the value of using of multiple urbanization iterations. The occurrence of suitable conditions to conduct prescribed fires, a crucial tool for maintaining, improving, and restoring longleaf pine ecosystems, is projected to decrease seasonally throughout the study area. As a result, the functional persistence of ecosystems is at risk due to climate changes that increase barriers to the safe and reliable application of intentional fire. The long-term viability of this critical ecosystem will warrant the evaluation of adaptive strategies that explicitly account for the individual and compounding effects of urban development and changing fire management conditions when considering options for ecosystem protection, management, and restoration.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Conservation Biology","doi":"10.1111/csp2.13187","usgsCitation":"Hutchens, L., Kupfer, J.A., Gao, P., Sanchez, G.M., Meentemeyer, R.K., Terando, A., and Hiers, J.K., 2024, Projecting the long-term effects of large-scale human influence on the spatial and functional persistence of extant longleaf pine ecosystems in the Florida Flatwoods Pyrome: Conservation Science and Practice, v. 6, e13187, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.13187.","productDescription":"e13187, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-164797","costCenters":[{"id":40926,"text":"Southeast Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":439258,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.13187","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":433552,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.6778324075661,\n 30.937698915049367\n ],\n [\n -82.87914407681765,\n 31.52377445868447\n ],\n [\n -85.48595743814668,\n 29.870880095396842\n ],\n [\n -84.9679549020707,\n 29.721163342172446\n ],\n [\n -83.73921448060787,\n 29.975699066098443\n ],\n [\n -83.09802043717049,\n 29.013903692421295\n ],\n [\n -82.21492940678012,\n 26.67873354422413\n ],\n [\n -81.88136124157192,\n 26.33869742309807\n ],\n [\n -80.97600764340528,\n 26.60948691174565\n ],\n [\n -80.80502196139402,\n 27.153838982412836\n ],\n [\n -80.23615831927407,\n 27.044945104314294\n ],\n [\n -81.6778324075661,\n 30.937698915049367\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hutchens, Lilian","contributorId":343967,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hutchens","given":"Lilian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":912487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kupfer, John A.","contributorId":339801,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kupfer","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37804,"text":"University of South Carolina","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":912488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gao, Peng","contributorId":224731,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gao","given":"Peng","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6682,"text":"Utah State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":912489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sanchez, Georgina M. 0000-0002-2365-6200","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2365-6200","contributorId":303829,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sanchez","given":"Georgina","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":912490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Meentemeyer, Ross K.","contributorId":179341,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meentemeyer","given":"Ross","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":912491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Terando, Adam 0000-0002-9280-043X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9280-043X","contributorId":205908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Terando","given":"Adam","affiliations":[{"id":565,"text":"Southeast Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":912492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hiers, J. Kevin","contributorId":224733,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hiers","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Kevin","affiliations":[{"id":36874,"text":"Tall Timbers Research Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":912493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70256127,"text":"70256127 - 2024 - Global variability of the composition and temperature at the 410-km discontinuity from receiver function analysis of dense arrays","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-23T13:59:40.007319","indexId":"70256127","displayToPublicDate":"2024-07-23T08:51:29","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Global variability of the composition and temperature at the 410-km discontinuity from receiver function analysis of dense arrays","docAbstract":"Seismic boundaries caused by phase transitions between olivine polymorphs in Earth's mantle provide thermal and compositional markers that inform mantle dynamics. Seismic studies of the mantle transition zone often use either global averaging with sparse arrays or regional sampling from a single dense array. The intermediate approach of this study utilizes many densely spaced seismic arrays distributed around the globe. We systematically compute teleseismic P-to-S receiver functions for each seismic array and invert for the 1-D seismic velocity structure of the mantle transition zone beneath each array to facilitate a comparison between densely sampled regions. We stack 3,600 receiver functions on average at 67 arrays in total. The stack is used in a probabilistic inversion to estimate the mantle transition zone interface depths and velocities beneath each array. We focus on the 410-km discontinuity (410) because it is a prominent seismic interface that is clearly linked to a single mineral phase transition between olivine and wadsleyite. The depths and velocity contrasts of the 410 are mapped to temperatures and compositions using mineral physics constraints. The depth of the 410 ranges from ∼405–440 km, which is consistent with a ∼360 K temperature range in a dry mantle and a ∼260 K temperature range in a wet mantle (2 wt. % water). The Vs contrast across the 410 ranges from ∼2.5–8 %, which is consistent with ∼20–70 vol. % olivine composition in a dry mantle and ∼25–80 vol. % in a wet mantle. The bulk composition of the upper mantle near the 410-km discontinuity is typically considered to be well-mixed because there is no thermodynamic impediment to convection at the olivine to wadsleyite phase transition. However, the wide range of inferred olivine content from our study suggests that there are large lateral variations in the bulk composition of the upper mantle near the 410-km discontinuity.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2024.118889","usgsCitation":"Glasgow, M.E., Zhang, H.K., Schmandt, B., Zhou, W., and Zhang, J., 2024, Global variability of the composition and temperature at the 410-km discontinuity from receiver function analysis of dense arrays: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 643, 118889, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2024.118889.","productDescription":"118889, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-162736","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489835,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2024.118889","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":431352,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"643","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Glasgow, Margaret Elizabeth 0000-0001-5637-5918","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5637-5918","contributorId":340268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glasgow","given":"Margaret","email":"","middleInitial":"Elizabeth","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":906784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zhang, Hankui K.","contributorId":211965,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Hankui","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":906785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schmandt, Brandon","contributorId":202750,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmandt","given":"Brandon","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36307,"text":"University of New Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":906786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zhou, Wen-Yi","contributorId":340269,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhou","given":"Wen-Yi","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6747,"text":"Texas A&M University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":906787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zhang, Jinchi","contributorId":191970,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Jinchi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":906788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70261445,"text":"70261445 - 2024 - A semi-mechanistic model for partitioning evapotranspiration reveals transpiration dominates the water flux in drylands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-12-10T14:41:05.274772","indexId":"70261445","displayToPublicDate":"2024-07-23T08:36:08","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2320,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A semi-mechanistic model for partitioning evapotranspiration reveals transpiration dominates the water flux in drylands","docAbstract":"Popular evapotranspiration (ET) partitioning methods make assumptions that might not be well-suited to dryland ecosystems, such as high sensitivity of plant water-use efficiency (WUE) to vapor pressure deficit (VPD). Our objectives were to (a) create an ET partitioning model that can produce fine-scale estimates of transpiration (T) in drylands, and (b) use this approach to evaluate how climate controls T and WUE across ecosystem types and timescales along a dryland aridity gradient. We developed a novel, semi-mechanistic ET partitioning method using a Bayesian approach that constrains abiotic evaporation using process-based models, and loosely constrains time-varying WUE within an autoregressive framework. We used this method to estimate daily T and weekly WUE across seven dryland ecosystem types and found that T dominates ET across the aridity gradient. Then, we applied cross-wavelet coherence analysis to evaluate the temporal coherence between focal response variables (WUE and T/ET) and environmental variables. At yearly scales, we found that WUE at less arid, higher elevation sites was primarily limited by atmospheric moisture demand, and WUE at more arid, lower elevation sites was primarily limited by moisture supply. At sub-yearly timescales, WUE and VPD were sporadically correlated. Hence, ecosystem-scale dryland WUE is not always sensitive to changes in VPD at short timescales, despite this being a common assumption in many ET partitioning models. This new ET partitioning method can be used in dryland ecosystems to better understand how climate influences physically and biologically driven water fluxes.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2023JG007914","usgsCitation":"Reich, E., Samuels-Crow, K., Bradford, J., Litvak, M., Schlaepfer, D.R., and Ogle, K., 2024, A semi-mechanistic model for partitioning evapotranspiration reveals transpiration dominates the water flux in drylands: Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, v. 129, no. 7, e2023JG007914, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2023JG007914.","productDescription":"e2023JG007914, 18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-166030","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":464941,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New 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0000-0001-9257-6303","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-6303","contributorId":219257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"John B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":920583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Litvak, M.","contributorId":127830,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Litvak","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7164,"text":"Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":920584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schlaepfer, Daniel Rodolphe 0000-0001-9973-2065","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9973-2065","contributorId":225569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schlaepfer","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"Rodolphe","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":920585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ogle, K.","contributorId":347032,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ogle","given":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":83043,"text":"School of Informatics, Computing, and Cyber Systems, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA; Center of Ecosystem Science and Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":920586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70259218,"text":"70259218 - 2024 - Evaluating distributed snow model resolution and meteorology parameterizations against streamflow observations: Finer Is not always better","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-02T13:35:21.858349","indexId":"70259218","displayToPublicDate":"2024-07-23T08:15:54","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating distributed snow model resolution and meteorology parameterizations against streamflow observations: Finer Is not always better","docAbstract":"Estimating snow conditions is often done using numerical snowpack evolution models at spatial resolutions of 500 m and greater; however, snow depth in complex terrain often varies on sub-meter scales. This study investigated how the spatial distribution of simulated snow conditions varied across seven model spatial resolutions from 30 to 1,000 m and over two meteorological data sets, coarser (≈12 km) and finer (4 km). Simulated snow covered area (SCA) was compared to remotely sensed SCA and simulated watershed mean peak snow water equivalent (SWE) was compared to four streamflow statistics representing different water management-relevant aspects of the hydrograph using non-parametric correlations. April 1 SWE tended to increase with model resolution, particularly below 4,000 masl. Finer meteorology simulations produced deeper April 1 SWE than coarser meteorology simulations. Finer resolution snow simulations tended to produce longer snowmelt durations and slower snowmelt rates than coarser resolution simulations. Finer resolution simulations had better agreement with SCA for both meteorology data sets, particularly at high and low elevations. However, finer resolution simulations did not generally outperform coarser simulations in snow versus streamflow statistic correlations. Snow versus streamflow correlations were most sensitive to meteorology, watershed properties, and then resolution. Watershed physiographic properties such as wetness index may increase snow versus streamflow metric correlations while elevation and slope may decrease correlations. At watershed scales, these results suggest that simulation resolution and choice of meteorology is less important than the physiographic properties of the watershed; however, if resolving snow distribution across the landscape is important, finer-resolution simulations are useful.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2023WR035982","usgsCitation":"Barnhart, T.B., Putman, A.L., Heldmyer, A.J., Rey, D., Hammond, J., Driscoll, J.M., and Sexstone, G., 2024, Evaluating distributed snow model resolution and meteorology parameterizations against streamflow observations: Finer Is not always better: Water Resources Research, v. 60, no. 7, e2023WR035982, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2023WR035982.","productDescription":"e2023WR035982, 21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-154162","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":466979,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023wr035982","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":462477,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.35,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -107.5,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -107.5,\n 37.75\n ],\n [\n -105.35,\n 37.75\n ],\n [\n -105.35,\n 40\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"60","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barnhart, Theodore B. 0000-0002-9682-3217","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9682-3217","contributorId":219010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnhart","given":"Theodore","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":914512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Putman, Annie L. 0000-0002-9424-1707","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9424-1707","contributorId":225134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Putman","given":"Annie","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":914513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Heldmyer, Aaron Joseph 0000-0001-8608-4927","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8608-4927","contributorId":302944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heldmyer","given":"Aaron","email":"","middleInitial":"Joseph","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":914514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rey, David M. 0000-0003-2629-365X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2629-365X","contributorId":211848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rey","given":"David M.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":914515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hammond, John C. 0000-0002-4935-0736","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4935-0736","contributorId":223108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammond","given":"John C.","affiliations":[{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":914516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Driscoll, Jessica M. 0000-0003-3097-9603 jdriscoll@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3097-9603","contributorId":167585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Driscoll","given":"Jessica","email":"jdriscoll@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":914517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sexstone, Graham A. 0000-0001-8913-0546","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8913-0546","contributorId":203850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sexstone","given":"Graham A.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":914518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70256166,"text":"70256166 - 2024 - Isotopic evidence against North Pacific Deep Water formation during late Pliocene warmth","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-08-13T14:40:37.63952","indexId":"70256166","displayToPublicDate":"2024-07-23T07:28:38","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2845,"text":"Nature Geoscience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Isotopic evidence against North Pacific Deep Water formation during late Pliocene warmth","docAbstract":"Several modelling and observational studies suggest deep water formation in the subpolar North Pacific as a possible alternative mode of thermohaline circulation that occurred in the warm Pliocene, a time when global atmospheric partial pressure of carbon dioxide was like the modern atmosphere (~400 ppm). We test this hypothesis by measuring the δ13C of the benthic foraminifer Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi collected from northernmost Pacific mid-Piacenzian Warm Period (3.264–3.025 Myr ago) sediments. The data reveal progressively more isotopically negative dissolved inorganic carbon along a northward Equator-to-pole transect, the opposite of the expected Pliocene Pacific meridional overturning circulation signal. C. wuellerstorfi δ13C is also often more positive at the deeper Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) site 887 compared with the shallower ODP site 883, suggesting ‘bottom-up’ ventilation of the deep Pacific Ocean. We then present alkenone sea surface temperature and export-productivity data from ODP site 883, which suggest that late Pliocene subarctic North Pacific carbonate sedimentation was, at least in part, probably due to higher coccolithophore export production, rather than North Pacific Deep Water formation as previously argued. Therefore, we suggest it is unlikely that North Pacific Deep Water formation occurred in the mid-Piacenzian Warm Period, although a shallower overturning cell cannot be ruled out.