{"pageNumber":"1702","pageRowStart":"42525","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":70005401,"text":"70005401 - 2011 - Evaluation of influence of sediment on the sensitivity of a unionid mussel (<i>Lamsilis silquoidea</i>) to ammonia in 28-day water exposures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-21T16:23:04","indexId":"70005401","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-14T09:16:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of influence of sediment on the sensitivity of a unionid mussel (<i>Lamsilis silquoidea</i>) to ammonia in 28-day water exposures","docAbstract":"A draft update of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ambient water quality criteria (AWQC) for ammonia substantially lowers the ammonia AWQC, primarily due to the inclusion of toxicity data for freshwater mussels. However, most of the mussel data used in the updated AWQC were generated from water-only exposures and limited information is available on the potential influence of the presence of a substrate on the response of mussels in laboratory toxicity tests. Our recent study demonstrated that the acute sensitivity of mussels to ammonia was not influenced by the presence of substrate in 4-d laboratory toxicity tests. The objective of the current study was to determine the sensitivity of mussels to ammonia in chronic 28-d water exposures with the sediment present (sediment treatment) or absent (water-only treatment). The chronic toxicity test was conducted starting with two-month-old juvenile mussels (fatmucket, <i>Lampsilis siliquoidea</i>) in a flow-through diluter system, which maintained consistent pH (&#8776;8.3) and six concentrations of total ammonia nitrogen (N) in overlying water and in sediment pore water. The chronic value (ChV, geometric mean of the no-observed-effect concentration and the lowest-observed-effect concentration) was 0.36 mg N/L for survival or biomass in the water-only treatment, and was 0.66 mg N/L for survival and 0.20 mg N/L for biomass in the sediment treatment. The 20% effect concentration (EC20) for survival was 0.63 mg N/L in the water-only treatment and was 0.86 mg N/L in the sediment treatment (with overlapping 95% confidence intervals; no EC20 for biomass was estimated because the data did not meet the conditions for any logistic regression analysis). The similar ChVs or EC20s between the water-only treatment and the sediment treatment indicate that the presence of sediment did not substantially influence the sensitivity of juvenile mussels to ammonia in the 28-d chronic laboratory water exposures.","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","doi":"10.1002/etc.616","usgsCitation":"Wang, N., Consbrock, R.A., Ingersoll, C.G., and Barnhart, M., 2011, Evaluation of influence of sediment on the sensitivity of a unionid mussel (<i>Lamsilis silquoidea</i>) to ammonia in 28-day water exposures: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 30, no. 10, p. 2270-2276, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.616.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"2270","endPage":"2276","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257801,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"30","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0c89e4b0c8380cd52bb6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, Ning 0000-0002-2846-3352 nwang@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2846-3352","contributorId":2818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Ning","email":"nwang@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":352420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Consbrock, Rebecca A. 0000-0002-5748-7046 rconsbrock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5748-7046","contributorId":3095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Consbrock","given":"Rebecca","email":"rconsbrock@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":352421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ingersoll, Christopher G. 0000-0003-4531-5949 cingersoll@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4531-5949","contributorId":2071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingersoll","given":"Christopher","email":"cingersoll@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":352419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barnhart, M. Christopher","contributorId":78061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnhart","given":"M. Christopher","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70003978,"text":"70003978 - 2011 - Concentrations and bioaccessibility of metals in vegetation and dust near a mining haul road, Cape Krusenstern National Monument, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-28T16:02:52","indexId":"70003978","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Concentrations and bioaccessibility of metals in vegetation and dust near a mining haul road, Cape Krusenstern National Monument, Alaska","docAbstract":"Vegetation, sub-surface peat, and road dust were sampled near the Delong Mountain Transportation System (DMTS) haul road in northwest Alaska in 2005-2006 to document aluminum, barium, cadmium, lead, and zinc concentrations, and to evaluate bioaccessibility of these metals. The DMTS haul road is the transport corridor between Red Dog Mine (a large-scale, lead-zinc mine and mill) and the coastal shipping port, and it traverses National Park Service lands. Compared to reference locations, total metal concentrations in four types of vegetation (birch, cranberry, and willow leaves, and cotton grass blades/stalks) collected 25 m from the haul road were enriched on average by factors of 3.5 for zinc, 8.0 for barium, 20 for cadmium, and 150 for lead. Triple rinsing of vegetation with a water/methanol mixture reduced metals concentrations by at most 50%, and cadmium and zinc concentrations were least affected by rinsing. Cadmium and zinc bioaccessibility was greater in vegetation (50% to 100%) than in dust (15% to 20%); whereas the opposite pattern was observed for lead bioaccessibility (<30% in vegetation; 50% in dust). Barium exhibited low-to-intermediate bioaccessibility in dust and vegetation (20% to 40%), whereas aluminum bioaccessibility was relatively low (<6%) in all sample types. Our reconnaissance-level study indicates that clean-up and improvements in lead/zinc concentrate transfer activities have been effective; however, as of 2006, metal dispersion from past and/or present releases of fugitive dusts along the DMTS road still may have been contributing to elevated metals in surface vegetation. Vegetation was most enriched in lead, but because bioaccessibility of cadmium was greater, any potential risks to animals that forage near the haul road might be equally important for both of these metals.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10661-011-1879-z","usgsCitation":"Brumbaugh, W.G., Morman, S.A., and May, T.W., 2011, Concentrations and bioaccessibility of metals in vegetation and dust near a mining haul road, Cape Krusenstern National Monument, Alaska: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 182, no. 1-4, p. 325-340, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-011-1879-z.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"325","endPage":"340","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257599,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Cape Krusenstern National Monument","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -164.90478515625,\n              67.01171909603052\n            ],\n            [\n              -161.839599609375,\n              67.01171909603052\n            ],\n            [\n              -161.839599609375,\n              67.83412789868609\n            ],\n            [\n              -164.90478515625,\n              67.83412789868609\n            ],\n            [\n              -164.90478515625,\n              67.01171909603052\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"182","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-02-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f983e4b0c8380cd4d64c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brumbaugh, William G. 0000-0003-0081-375X bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0081-375X","contributorId":493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brumbaugh","given":"William","email":"bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":350009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morman, Suzette A. 0000-0002-2532-1033 smorman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2532-1033","contributorId":996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morman","given":"Suzette","email":"smorman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":350010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"May, Thomas W. tmay@usgs.gov","contributorId":2598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"Thomas","email":"tmay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":350011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70003957,"text":"70003957 - 2011 - Habitat selection by female swift foxes (Vulpes velox) during the pup-rearing season","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-06-15T01:01:35","indexId":"70003957","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3580,"text":"The Prairie Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat selection by female swift foxes (Vulpes velox) during the pup-rearing season","docAbstract":"The swift fox (Vulpes velox) was historically distributed in western South Dakota including the region surrounding Badlands National Park (BNP). The species declined during the mid-1800s, largely due to habitat loss and poisoning targeted at wolves (Canis lupis) and coyotes (C. latrans). Only a small population of swift foxes near Ardmore, South Dakota persisted. In 2003, an introduction program was initiated at BNP with swift foxes translocated from Colorado and Wyoming. We report on habitat use by female swift foxes during the pup-rearing season (May&ndash;July) in 2009. Analyses of location data from 13 radiomarked female foxes indicated disproportional use (<i>P</i> < 0.001) of some habitats relative to their availability within swift fox home ranges. Swift foxes used grassland (<i>&#374</i> = 1.01), sparse vegetation (<i>&#374</i> = 1.43) and prairie dog towns (<i>&#374</i> = 1.18) in proportion to their availability, whereas they were less likely to use woodland (<i>&#374</i> = 0.00), shrubland (<i>&#374</i> = 0.14), pasture/agricultural-land (<i>&#374</i> = 0.25) and development (<i>&#374</i> = 0.16) relative to availability. Swift foxes typically are located in habitats that provide greater visibility, such as shortgrass prairie and areas with sparse vegetation; which allow detection of approaching coyotes (e.g., primary predator of swift foxes).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Prairie Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"South Dakota State University","publisherLocation":"Brookings, SD","usgsCitation":"Sasmal, I., Jenks, J., Grovenburg, T.W., Datta, S., Schroeder, G.M., Klaver, R.W., and Honness, K.M., 2011, Habitat selection by female swift foxes (Vulpes velox) during the pup-rearing season: The Prairie Naturalist, v. 43, no. 1/2, p. 29-37.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"29","endPage":"37","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257582,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":257579,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.sdstate.edu/nrm/organizations/gpnss/tpn/upload/43_1_2_Sasmal-et-al.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Badlands National Park","volume":"43","issue":"1/2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2f23e4b0c8380cd5cb0e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sasmal, Indrani","contributorId":52826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sasmal","given":"Indrani","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jenks, Jonathan A.","contributorId":51591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenks","given":"Jonathan A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grovenburg, Troy W.","contributorId":57712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grovenburg","given":"Troy","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Datta, Shubham","contributorId":7127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Datta","given":"Shubham","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schroeder, Greg M.","contributorId":54845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schroeder","given":"Greg","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Klaver, Robert W. 0000-0002-3263-9701 bklaver@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3263-9701","contributorId":3285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klaver","given":"Robert","email":"bklaver@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":349707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Honness, Kevin M.","contributorId":71048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Honness","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70038509,"text":"70038509 - 2011 - Behavioral, clinical, and pathological characterization of acid metalliferous water toxicity in mallards","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-15T06:12:24","indexId":"70038509","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-04T12:13:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Behavioral, clinical, and pathological characterization of acid metalliferous water toxicity in mallards","docAbstract":"From September to November 2000, United States Fish and Wildlife Service biologists investigated incidents involving 221 bird deaths at 3 mine sites located in New Mexico and Arizona. These bird deaths primarily involved passerine and waterfowl species and were assumed to be linked to consumption of acid metalliferous water (AMW). Because all of the carcasses were found in or near pregnant leach solution ponds, tailings ponds, and associated lakes or storm water retention basins, an acute-toxicity study was undertaken using a synthetic AMW (SAMW) formulation based on the contaminant profile of a representative pond believed to be responsible for avian mortalities. An acute oral-toxicity trial was performed with a mixed-sex group of mallards (<i>Anas platyrhynchos</i>). After a 24-h pretreatment food and water fast, gorge drinking was evident in both SAMW treatment and control groups, with water consumption rates greatest during the initial drinking periods. Seven of nine treated mallards were killed in extremis within 12 h after the initiation of dose. Total lethal doses of SAMW ranged from 69.8 to 270.1 mL/kg (mean &plusmn; SE 127.9 &plusmn; 27.1). Lethal doses of SAMW were consumed in as few as 20 to 40 min after first exposure. Clinical signs of SAMW toxicity included increased serum uric acid, aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase, potassium, and P levels. PCV values of SAMW-treated birds were also increased compared with control mallards. Histopathological lesions were observed in the esophagus, proventriculus, ventriculus, and duodenum of SAMW-treated mallards, with the most distinctive being erosion and ulceration of the kaolin of the ventriculus, ventricular hemorrhage and/or congestion, and duodenal hemorrhage. Clinical, pathological, and tissue-residue results from this study are consistent with literature documenting acute metal toxicosis, especially copper (Cu), in avian species and provide useful diagnostic profiles for AMW toxicity or mortality events. Blood and kidney Cu concentrations were 23- and 6-fold greater, respectively, in SAMW mortalities compared with controls, whereas Cu concentrations in liver were not nearly as increased, suggesting that blood and kidney concentrations may be more useful than liver concentrations for diagnosing Cu toxicosis in wild birds. Based on these findings and other reports of AMW toxicity events in wild birds, we conclude that AMW bodies pose a significant hazard to wildlife that come in contact with them.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00244-011-9657-z","usgsCitation":"Isanhart, J., Wu, H., Pandher, K., MacRae, R.K., Cox, S., and Hooper, M.J., 2011, Behavioral, clinical, and pathological characterization of acid metalliferous water toxicity in mallards: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 61, no. 4, p. 653-667, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-011-9657-z.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"653","endPage":"667","numberOfPages":"15","temporalStart":"2000-09-01","temporalEnd":"2000-11-30","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology 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K.","contributorId":48018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacRae","given":"Russell","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cox, Stephen B.","contributorId":101505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cox","given":"Stephen B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hooper, Michael J. 0000-0002-4161-8961 mhooper@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4161-8961","contributorId":3251,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooper","given":"Michael","email":"mhooper@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70005784,"text":"70005784 - 2011 - Multivariate analyses with end-member mixing to characterize groundwater flow: Wind Cave and associated aquifers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-14T11:32:30","indexId":"70005784","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-03T10:07:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multivariate analyses with end-member mixing to characterize groundwater flow: Wind Cave and associated aquifers","docAbstract":"Principal component analysis (PCA) applied to hydrochemical data has been used with end-member mixing to characterize groundwater flow to a limited extent, but aspects of this approach are unresolved. Previous similar approaches typically have assumed that the extreme-value samples identified by PCA represent end members. The method presented herein is different from previous work in that (1) end members were not assumed to have been sampled but rather were estimated and constrained by prior knowledge; (2) end-member mixing was quantified in relation to hydrogeologic domains, which focuses model results on major hydrologic processes; (3) a method to select an appropriate number of end members using a series of cluster analyses is presented; and (4) conservative tracers were weighted preferentially in model calibration, which distributed model errors of optimized values, or residuals, more appropriately than would otherwise be the case. The latter item also provides an estimate of the relative influence of geochemical evolution along flow paths in comparison to mixing. This method was applied to groundwater in Wind Cave and the associated karst aquifer in the Black Hills of South Dakota, USA. The end-member mixing model was used to test a hypothesis that five different end-member waters are mixed in the groundwater system comprising five hydrogeologic domains. The model estimated that Wind Cave received most of its groundwater inflow from local surface recharge with an additional 33% from an upgradient aquifer. Artesian springs in the vicinity of Wind Cave primarily received water from regional groundwater flow.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.08.028","usgsCitation":"Long, A.J., and Valder, J., 2011, Multivariate analyses with end-member mixing to characterize groundwater flow: Wind Cave and associated aquifers: Journal of Hydrology, v. 409, no. 1-2, p. 315-327, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.08.028.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"315","endPage":"327","costCenters":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257435,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","volume":"409","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a60b2e4b0c8380cd7162a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Long, Andrew J. 0000-0001-7385-8081 ajlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7385-8081","contributorId":989,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"Andrew","email":"ajlong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":353209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Valder, Joshua F. 0000-0003-3733-8868 jvalder@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3733-8868","contributorId":1431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valder","given":"Joshua F.","email":"jvalder@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":353210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70005240,"text":"70005240 - 2011 - Multiple applications of the U.S. EPA 1312 leach procedure to mine waste from the Animas watershed, SW Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-25T20:28:25.221294","indexId":"70005240","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-03T09:21:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1758,"text":"Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multiple applications of the U.S. EPA 1312 leach procedure to mine waste from the Animas watershed, SW Colorado","docAbstract":"<p><span>Eleven acid-sulphate and quartz-sericite-pyrite altered mine waste samples from the Animas River watershed in SW Colorado were subjected to a series of 5 to 6 successive leaches using the US EPA 1312 leach protocol to evaluate the transport of metals and loss of acidity from mine wastes as a function of time. Multi-acid digestion ICP-AES analyses, X-ray diffraction (XRD) mineral identification, total sulphur, and net acid potential (NAP) determinations were performed on the initial starting materials. Multiple leaching steps generally showed a ‘flushing' effect, whereby elements loosely bound, presumably as water-soluble salts, were removed. Aluminum, Cd, Fe, Mg, Mn, Sr, Zn, and S showed decreasing concentration trends, whereas Cu concentrations showed initially decreasing trends, followed by increasing trends in later steps. Concentrations of Zn in the first leach step were independent of whole-sample Zn content. Lead and Ba concentrations consistently increased with each step, indicating that anglesite (PbSO</span><sub>4</sub><span>) and barite (BaSO</span><sub>4</sub><span>), respectively, were dissolving in successive leach steps. Comparison of Fe content with NAP resulted in a modest correlation. However, using the S analyses and XRD identification of sulphide minerals to apportion S amongst enargite, barite, anglesite/galena, and sphalerite, and assigning the remaining S to pyrite, provided a useful correlation between estimated pyrite content and NAP. Whole-sample mass loss correlated well with NAP, but individual elements' behaviors varied between positive correlation (e.g. Al, Fe, Mg), no apparent correlation (Ca, Cd, Pb, Zn), and negative correlation (Cu). Comparison of the summed titrated acidities of the leachates with the whole-sample NAP values yielded an estimate of the fraction of NAP consumed, and led to an estimate of the time it would take to consume the sample acidity by weathering. We estimate, on the basis of these experiments, the acidity in the upper 30 cm would be consumed in 200–1000 years. In addition, calculations suggest that the acidity would be depleted before the complete store of the metals Cu-Cd-Zn in these mine wastes would be released to the environment.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Geological Society of London","doi":"10.1144/1467-7873/09-245","usgsCitation":"Fey, D.L., Church, S.E., Driscoll, R.L., and Adams, M., 2011, Multiple applications of the U.S. EPA 1312 leach procedure to mine waste from the Animas watershed, SW Colorado: Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis, v. 11, no. 3, p. 163-178, https://doi.org/10.1144/1467-7873/09-245.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"163","endPage":"178","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257414,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Animas River watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -107.79956817626953,\n              37.78075532805877\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.53589630126953,\n              37.78075532805877\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.53589630126953,\n              37.934179150985045\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.79956817626953,\n              37.934179150985045\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.79956817626953,\n              37.78075532805877\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a605ee4b0c8380cd713df","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fey, David L. dfey@usgs.gov","contributorId":713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fey","given":"David","email":"dfey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":352127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Church, Stan E. schurch@usgs.gov","contributorId":803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Church","given":"Stan","email":"schurch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Driscoll, Rhonda L. 0000-0001-7725-8956 rdriscoll@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7725-8956","contributorId":745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Driscoll","given":"Rhonda","email":"rdriscoll@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":352128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Adams, Monique G.","contributorId":76338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Monique G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70005436,"text":"70005436 - 2011 - Multilevel eEmpirical Bayes modeling for improved estimation of toxicant formulations tosuppress parasitic sea lamprey in the Upper Great Lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-06-12T01:01:50","indexId":"70005436","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-03T08:47:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1039,"text":"Biometrics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multilevel eEmpirical Bayes modeling for improved estimation of toxicant formulations tosuppress parasitic sea lamprey in the Upper Great Lakes","docAbstract":"Estimation of extreme quantal-response statistics, such as the concentration required to kill 99.9% of test subjects (LC99.9), remains a challenge in the presence of multiple covariates and complex study designs. Accurate and precise estimates of the LC99.9 for mixtures of toxicants are critical to ongoing control of a parasitic invasive species, the sea lamprey, in the Laurentian Great Lakes of North America. The toxicity of those chemicals is affected by local and temporal variations in water chemistry, which must be incorporated into the modeling. We develop multilevel empirical Bayes models for data from multiple laboratory studies. Our approach yields more accurate and precise estimation of the LC99.9 compared to alternative models considered. This study demonstrates that properly incorporating hierarchical structure in laboratory data yields better estimates of LC99.9 stream treatment values that are critical to larvae control in the field. In addition, out-of-sample prediction of the results of in situ tests reveals the presence of a latent seasonal effect not manifest in the laboratory studies, suggesting avenues for future study and illustrating the importance of dual consideration of both experimental and observational data.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biometrics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"The International Biometric Society","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1111/j.1541-0420.2011.01566.x","usgsCitation":"Hatfield, L.A., Gutreuter, S., Boogaard, M.A., and Carlin, B.P., 2011, Multilevel eEmpirical Bayes modeling for improved estimation of toxicant formulations tosuppress parasitic sea lamprey in the Upper Great Lakes: Biometrics, v. 67, no. 3, p. 1153-1162, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0420.2011.01566.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1153","endPage":"1162","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474729,"rank":101,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc3111860","text":"External Repository"},{"id":257407,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0420.2011.01566.x","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":257413,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois;Indiana;Michigan;Minnesota;Wisconsin","volume":"67","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a602be4b0c8380cd71334","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hatfield, Laura A.","contributorId":88992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatfield","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gutreuter, Steve","contributorId":91437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gutreuter","given":"Steve","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boogaard, Michael A. 0000-0002-5192-8437 mboogaard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5192-8437","contributorId":865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boogaard","given":"Michael","email":"mboogaard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":352512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carlin, Bradley P.","contributorId":16690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlin","given":"Bradley","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70038140,"text":"70038140 - 2011 - Stationarity: Wanted dead or alive?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-11T22:24:08","indexId":"70038140","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stationarity: Wanted dead or alive?","docAbstract":"Aligning engineering practice with natural process behavior would appear, on its face, to be a prudent and reasonable course of action. However, if we do not understand the long-term characteristics of hydroclimatic processes, how does one find the prudent and reasonable course needed for water management? We consider this question in light of three aspects of existing and unresolved issues affecting hydroclimatic variability and statistical inference: Hurst-Kolmogorov phenomena; the complications long-term persistence introduces with respect to statistical understanding; and the dependence of process understanding on arbitrary sampling choices. These problems are not easily addressed. In such circumstances, humility may be more important than physics; a simple model with well-understood flaws may be preferable to a sophisticated model whose correspondence to reality is uncertain.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","publisherLocation":"Middleburg, VA","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00542.x","usgsCitation":"Lins, L.F., and Cohn, T., 2011, Stationarity: Wanted dead or alive?: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 47, no. 3, p. 475-480, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00542.x.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"475","endPage":"480","costCenters":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257440,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":257426,"rank":100,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00542.x","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"47","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b96fee4b08c986b31b80c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lins, Larry F.","contributorId":75374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lins","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cohn, Timothy A. tacohn@usgs.gov","contributorId":2927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cohn","given":"Timothy A.","email":"tacohn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70007192,"text":"70007192 - 2011 - Developing Gyrfalcon surveys and monitoring for Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-07T10:56:54","indexId":"70007192","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Developing Gyrfalcon surveys and monitoring for Alaska","docAbstract":"We developed methods to monitor the status of Gyrfalcons in Alaska. Results of surveys and monitoring will be informative for resource managers and will be useful for studying potential changes in ecological communities of the high latitudes. We estimated that the probability of detecting a Gyrfalcon at an occupied nest site was between 64% and 87% depending on observer experience and aircraft type (fixed-wing or helicopter). The probability of detection is an important factor for estimating occupancy of nesting areas, and occupancy can be used as a metric for monitoring species' status. We conclude that surveys of nesting habitat to monitor occupancy during the breeding season are practical because of the high probability of seeing a Gyrfalcon from aircraft. Aerial surveys are effective for searching sample plots or index areas in the expanse of the Alaskan terrain. Furthermore, several species of cliff-nesting birds can be surveyed concurrently from aircraft. Occupancy estimation also can be applied using data from other field search methods (e.g., from boats) that have proven useful in Alaska. We believe a coordinated broad-scale, inter-agency, collaborative approach is necessary in Alaska. Monitoring can be facilitated by collating and archiving each set of results in a secure universal repository to allow for statewide meta-analysis.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Gyrfalcons and Ptarmigan in a Changing World","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Gyrfalcons and Ptarmigan in a Changing World","conferenceDate":"February 1-3, 2011","conferenceLocation":"Boise, Idaho","language":"English","publisher":"The Peregrine Fund","publisherLocation":"Boise, ID","usgsCitation":"Fuller, M.R., Schempf, P.F., and Booms, T.L., 2011, Developing Gyrfalcon surveys and monitoring for Alaska, <i>in</i> Gyrfalcons and Ptarmigan in a Changing World, Boise, Idaho, February 1-3, 2011, p. 275-282.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"275","endPage":"282","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257104,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":257099,"rank":300,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.peregrinefund.org/subsites/conference-gyr/proceedings/","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0007e4b0c8380cd4f547","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fuller, Mark R. 0000-0001-7459-1729 mark_fuller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7459-1729","contributorId":2296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"Mark","email":"mark_fuller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schempf, Philip F.","contributorId":36795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schempf","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Booms, Travis L.","contributorId":48813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Booms","given":"Travis","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70003797,"text":"70003797 - 2011 - Movement patterns of Bar-headed Geese <i>Anser indicus</i> during breeding and post-breeding periods at Qinghai Lake, China","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-23T09:15:17","indexId":"70003797","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-29T16:01:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2409,"text":"Journal of Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Movement patterns of Bar-headed Geese <i>Anser indicus</i> during breeding and post-breeding periods at Qinghai Lake, China","docAbstract":"The highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 outbreak at Qinghai Lake, China, in 2005 caused the death of over 6,000 migratory birds, half of which were Bar-headed Geese <i>Anser indicus</i>. Understanding the movements of this species may inform monitoring of outbreak risks for HPAI viruses; thus, we investigated the movement patterns of 29 Bar-headed Geese at Qinghai Lake, China during 2007 and 2008 by using high resolution GPS satellite telemetry. We described the movements and distribution of marked Bar-headed Geese during the pre-nesting, nesting, and moulting periods. Of 21 Bar-headed Geese with complete transmission records, 3 moved to other areas during the nesting period: 2 to Jianghe wetland (50 km northwest of Qinghai Lake) and 1 to Cuolongka Lake (220 km northwest of Qinghai Lake) during the nesting period. We identified nesting attempts of 7 of the marked geese at Qinghai Lake. Four completed successful nesting attempts according to our rules of judgment for the breeding status, and 2 geese lost broods soon after hatching (hereafter referred to as unsuccessful breeders). Of 18 geese present at Qinghai Lake during the nesting period, 9 (6 non-breeders, 2 successful breeders and 1 unsuccessful breeder) remained at Qinghai Lake during the moulting period; and 9 (5 non-breeders, 4 unsuccessful breeders) left Qinghai Lake for moulting. Kuhai Lake, Donggeicuona Lake, Alake Lake, Zhaling-Eling Lake area and Huangheyuan wetland area were used as moulting sites. Geese that moulted at Qinghai Lake, Cuolongka Lake, Kuhai Lake, Donggeicuona Lake and Alake Lake also moved to Zhaling-Eling Lake area or Huangheyuan wetland area and stayed there for several days prior to autumn migration. Mean home range and core area estimates did not differ significantly by sex, year and between breeders and non-breeders.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s10336-010-0552-6","usgsCitation":"Cui, P., Hou, Y., Tang, M., Zhang, H., Zuohua, Y., Yin, Z., Li, T., Guo, S., Xing, Z., He, Y., Prosser, D.J., Newman, S.H., Takekawa, J.Y., Yan, B., and Lei, F., 2011, Movement patterns of Bar-headed Geese <i>Anser indicus</i> during breeding and post-breeding periods at Qinghai Lake, China: Journal of Ornithology, v. 152, no. 1, p. 83-92, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10336-010-0552-6.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"83","endPage":"92","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257316,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":21743,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10336-010-0552-6","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"China","otherGeospatial":"Qinghai Lake","volume":"152","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5f2ce4b0c8380cd70df2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cui, Peng","contributorId":102202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cui","given":"Peng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hou, Yuansheng","contributorId":80400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hou","given":"Yuansheng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tang, Mingjie","contributorId":53086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tang","given":"Mingjie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zhang, Haiting","contributorId":38003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"Haiting","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zuohua, Yuanchun","contributorId":98581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zuohua","given":"Yuanchun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Yin, Zuohua","contributorId":45949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yin","given":"Zuohua","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Li, Tianxian","contributorId":34651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"Tianxian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Guo, Shan","contributorId":62741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guo","given":"Shan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Xing, Zhi","contributorId":61958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xing","given":"Zhi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"He, Yubang","contributorId":15342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"He","given":"Yubang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Prosser, Diann J. 0000-0002-5251-1799 dprosser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5251-1799","contributorId":2389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prosser","given":"Diann","email":"dprosser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":348926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Newman, Scott H.","contributorId":101372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newman","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":348925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Yan, Baoping","contributorId":76871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yan","given":"Baoping","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Lei, Fumin","contributorId":33841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lei","given":"Fumin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}}
,{"id":70004543,"text":"70004543 - 2011 - Mortality of American alligators attributed to cannibalism","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-11T12:36:02","indexId":"70004543","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-29T15:34:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1892,"text":"Herpetologica","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mortality of American alligators attributed to cannibalism","docAbstract":"Mortality of juvenile (<122 cm total length; TL) American Alligators (<i>Alligator mississippiensis</i>) attributed to cannibalism on Orange Lake, Florida was examined. Alligator web tags used in mark&ndash;recapture studies were found in 12% of 267 stomachs sampled from alligators &ge;168 cm TL. Captive alligators retained 76% of force-fed tags during a 588-d tag-retention trial. Models relating the probability of tag recovery to the annual probabilities of juvenile survival, cannibalism, tag retention, adult survival, and adult harvest suggested that cannibalism may on average remove 6&ndash;7% of the juvenile alligator population annually. Vulnerability continued to 140 cm TL (age 6&ndash;8 yr). Cannibalism of juveniles may serve to regulate the alligator population on Orange Lake. Alligator cannibalism may vary widely among populations, depending on demography and environmental conditions. The role and importance of cannibalism in alligator population dynamics should be more fully assessed and environmental and population factors that influence cannibalism identified to better evaluate management programs.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Herpetologica","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Herpetologists' League","doi":"10.1655/HERPETOLOGICA-D-10-00040.1","usgsCitation":"Delany, M.F., Woodward, A., Kiltie, R.A., and Moore, C., 2011, Mortality of American alligators attributed to cannibalism: Herpetologica, v. 67, no. 2, p. 174-185, https://doi.org/10.1655/HERPETOLOGICA-D-10-00040.1.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"174","endPage":"185","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474730,"rank":201,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1655/herpetologica-d-10-00040.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":257299,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":21832,"rank":200,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1655/HERPETOLOGICA-D-10-00040.1","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Orange Lake","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82.248072,29.417057 ], [ -82.248072,29.540912 ], [ -82.064015,29.540912 ], [ -82.064015,29.417057 ], [ -82.248072,29.417057 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"67","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5e74e4b0c8380cd70a58","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Delany, Michael F.","contributorId":102346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Delany","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woodward, Allan R.","contributorId":12751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodward","given":"Allan R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kiltie, Richard A.","contributorId":34393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kiltie","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moore, Clinton T.","contributorId":9767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Clinton T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70004612,"text":"70004612 - 2011 - Monitoring bald eagles using lists of nests: Response to Watts and Duerr","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-07T14:16:17","indexId":"70004612","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-29T14:56:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monitoring bald eagles using lists of nests: Response to Watts and Duerr","docAbstract":"The post-delisting monitoring plan for bald eagles (<i>Haliaeetus leucocephalus</i>) roposed use of a dual-frame sample design, in which sampling of known nest sites in combination with additional area-based sampling is used to estimate total number of nesting bald eagle pairs. Watts and Duerr (2010) used data from repeated observations of bald eagle nests in Virginia, USA to estimate a nest turnover rate and used this rate to simulate decline in number of occupied nests in list nests over time. Results of Watts and Duerr suggest that, given the rates of loss of nests from the list of known nest sites in Virginia, the list information will be of little value to sampling unless lists are constantly updated. Those authors criticize the plan for not placing sufficient emphasis on updating and maintaining lists of bald eagle nests. Watts and Duerr's metric of turnover rate does not distinguish detectability or temporary nonuse of nests from permanent loss of nests and likely overestimates turnover rate. We describe a multi-state capture&ndash;recapture model that allows appropriate estimation of rates of loss of nests, and we use the model to estimate rates of loss from a sample of nests from Maine, USA. The post-delisting monitoring plan addresses the need to maintain and update the lists of nests, and we show that dual frame sampling is an effective approach for sampling nesting bald eagle populations.","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MD","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.84","usgsCitation":"Sauer, J., Otto, M.C., Kendall, W.L., and Zimmerman, G.S., 2011, Monitoring bald eagles using lists of nests: Response to Watts and Duerr: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 75, no. 3, p. 509-512, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.84.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"509","endPage":"512","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257297,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","volume":"75","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5d8ee4b0c8380cd70459","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sauer, John R. jrsauer@usgs.gov","contributorId":3737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"John R.","email":"jrsauer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":350857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Otto, Mark C.","contributorId":6307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Otto","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kendall, William L. wkendall@usgs.gov","contributorId":406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"William","email":"wkendall@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":350856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zimmerman, Guthrie S.","contributorId":42473,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Guthrie","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":350859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70003732,"text":"70003732 - 2011 - Modifications of traps to reduce bycatch of freshwater turtles","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-21T16:41:53","indexId":"70003732","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-29T14:15:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modifications of traps to reduce bycatch of freshwater turtles","docAbstract":"Mortality of freshwater turtles varies among types and deployments of traps. There are few or no losses in hoop or fyke traps set where turtles may reach air, including placement in shallows, addition of floats on traps, and tying traps securely to a stake or to shore. Turtle mortality occurs when traps are set deep, traps are checked at intervals >1 day, and when turtles are captured as bycatch. Devices are available that exclude turtles from traps set for crab or game fish harvest. Slotted gates in front of the trap mouth reduce turtle entry, but small individuals still may be trapped. Incidental take of turtles is preventable by integrating several designs into aquatic traps, such as adding floats to the top of traps so turtles may reach air or an extension tube (chimney, ramp) that creates an escape route.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MD","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.31","usgsCitation":"Bury, R.B., 2011, Modifications of traps to reduce bycatch of freshwater turtles: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 75, no. 1, p. 3-5, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.31.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"3","endPage":"5","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257296,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":257276,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.31","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"75","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5cb8e4b0c8380cd6fed2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bury, R. Bruce buryb@usgs.gov","contributorId":3660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bury","given":"R.","email":"buryb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Bruce","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":348567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70037923,"text":"70037923 - 2011 - Movements of wolves at the northern extreme of the species' range, including during four months of darkness","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-05T12:44:55","indexId":"70037923","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Movements of wolves at the northern extreme of the species' range, including during four months of darkness","docAbstract":"Information about wolf (<i>Canis lupus</i>) movements anywhere near the northern extreme of the species' range in the High Arctic (>75&deg;N latitude) are lacking. There, wolves prey primarily on muskoxen (<i>Ovibos moschatus</i>) and must survive 4 months of 24 hr/day winter darkness and temperatures reaching -53 C. The extent to which wolves remain active and prey on muskoxen during the dark period are unknown, for the closest area where information is available about winter wolf movements is >2,250 km south. We studied a pack of &ge;20 wolves on Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, Canada (80&deg;N latitude) from July 2009 through mid-April 2010 by collaring a lead wolf with a Global Positioning System (GPS)/Argos radio collar. The collar recorded the wolf's precise locations at 6:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. daily and transmitted the locations by satellite to our email. Straight-line distances between consecutive 12-hr locations varied between 0 and 76 km. Mean (SE) linear distance between consecutive locations (n = 554) was 11 (0.5) km. Total minimum distance traveled was 5,979 km, and total area covered was 6,640 km<sup>2</sup>, the largest wolf range reported. The wolf and presumably his pack once made a 263-km (straight-line distance) foray to the southeast during 19&ndash;28 January 2010, returning 29 January to 1 February at an average of 41 km/day straight-line distances between 12-hr locations. This study produced the first detailed movement information about any large mammal in the High Arctic, and the average movements during the dark period did not differ from those afterwards. Wolf movements during the dark period in the highest latitudes match those of the other seasons and generally those of wolves in lower latitudes, and, at least with the gross movements measurable by our methods, the 4-month period without direct sunlight produced little change in movements.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0025328","usgsCitation":"Mech, L.D., and Cluff, H.D., 2011, Movements of wolves at the northern extreme of the species' range, including during four months of darkness: PLoS ONE, v. 6, no. 10, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0025328.","productDescription":"e25328, 5 p.","endPage":"1","numberOfPages":"5","temporalStart":"2009-07-01","temporalEnd":"2010-04-30","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474732,"rank":201,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0025328","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":257318,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":257314,"rank":200,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0025328","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"Canada","otherGeospatial":"Ellesmere Island;Nunavut","volume":"6","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-10-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5f75e4b0c8380cd70f83","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mech, L. David 0000-0003-3944-7769 david_mech@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":2518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mech","given":"L.","email":"david_mech@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cluff, H. Dean","contributorId":53210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cluff","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"Dean","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70006287,"text":"70006287 - 2011 - Modules based on the geochemical model PHREEQC for use in scripting and programming languages","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-28T10:15:24","indexId":"70006287","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1315,"text":"Computers & Geosciences","printIssn":"0098-3004","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modules based on the geochemical model PHREEQC for use in scripting and programming languages","docAbstract":"The geochemical model PHREEQC is capable of simulating a wide range of equilibrium reactions between water and minerals, ion exchangers, surface complexes, solid solutions, and gases. It also has a general kinetic formulation that allows modeling of nonequilibrium mineral dissolution and precipitation, microbial reactions, decomposition of organic compounds, and other kinetic reactions. To facilitate use of these reaction capabilities in scripting languages and other models, PHREEQC has been implemented in modules that easily interface with other software. A Microsoft COM (component object model) has been implemented, which allows PHREEQC to be used by any software that can interface with a COM server&mdash;for example, Excel&reg;, Visual Basic&reg;, Python, or MATLAB\". PHREEQC has been converted to a C++ class, which can be included in programs written in C++. The class also has been compiled in libraries for Linux and Windows that allow PHREEQC to be called from C++, C, and Fortran. A limited set of methods implements the full reaction capabilities of PHREEQC for each module. Input methods use strings or files to define reaction calculations in exactly the same formats used by PHREEQC. Output methods provide a table of user-selected model results, such as concentrations, activities, saturation indices, and densities. The PHREEQC module can add geochemical reaction capabilities to surface-water, groundwater, and watershed transport models. It is possible to store and manipulate solution compositions and reaction information for many cells within the module. In addition, the object-oriented nature of the PHREEQC modules simplifies implementation of parallel processing for reactive-transport models. The PHREEQC COM module may be used in scripting languages to fit parameters; to plot PHREEQC results for field, laboratory, or theoretical investigations; or to develop new models that include simple or complex geochemical calculations.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.cageo.2011.02.005","usgsCitation":"Charlton, S.R., and Parkhurst, D.L., 2011, Modules based on the geochemical model PHREEQC for use in scripting and programming languages: Computers & Geosciences, v. 37, no. 10, p. 1653-1663, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2011.02.005.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1653","endPage":"1663","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":145,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Central Region","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257300,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5ce4e4b0c8380cd6fff5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Charlton, Scott R. 0000-0001-7332-3394 charlton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7332-3394","contributorId":1632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Charlton","given":"Scott","email":"charlton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Parkhurst, David L. 0000-0003-3348-1544 dlpark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3348-1544","contributorId":1088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parkhurst","given":"David","email":"dlpark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70007127,"text":"70007127 - 2011 - Migration strategies of Swan Geese <i>Anser cygnoides</i> from northeast Mongolia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-30T11:47:39","indexId":"70007127","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-28T11:40:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3764,"text":"Wildfowl","onlineIssn":"2052-6458","printIssn":"0954-6324","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Migration strategies of Swan Geese <i>Anser cygnoides</i> from northeast Mongolia","docAbstract":"In 2006&ndash;2008, 25 Swan Geese <i>Anser cygnoides</i> were marked with solar-powered GPS satellite transmitters in northeast Mongolia to examine the timing and pathways of their migration. Most geese began their autumn migration in August, flying southeast toward a staging area at the Yalu River Estuary on the China-North Korea border. After staging for several weeks, the Swan Geese continued to their wintering grounds at wetlands along the Yangtze River Basin of eastern China in December. Spring migration commenced in late February, and the birds following either a same-route or loop migration to arrive at the breeding grounds in mid April. Swan Geese used a larger number of staging areas for a longer duration when they were north of 42&deg;N latitude; they seemed to avoid staging for extended periods in the highly urbanised areas of eastern China. Further research should examine threats and disturbances to the geese in relation to human population growth and increasing urbanisation.","language":"English","publisher":"Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust","publisherLocation":"Slimbridge, Gloucestershire","usgsCitation":"Batbayar, N., Takekawa, J.Y., Newman, S.H., Prosser, D.J., Natsagdorj, T., and Xiao, X., 2011, Migration strategies of Swan Geese <i>Anser cygnoides</i> from northeast Mongolia: Wildfowl, v. 61, p. 90-109.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"90","endPage":"109","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257223,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":345333,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://wildfowl.wwt.org.uk/index.php/wildfowl/article/view/1237"}],"country":"Mongolia","volume":"61","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5719e4b0c8380cd6da5e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Batbayar, Nyambayar","contributorId":40338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Batbayar","given":"Nyambayar","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":355890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Newman, Scott H.","contributorId":101372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newman","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Prosser, Diann J. 0000-0002-5251-1799 dprosser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5251-1799","contributorId":2389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prosser","given":"Diann","email":"dprosser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Natsagdorj, Tseveenmyadag","contributorId":28729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Natsagdorj","given":"Tseveenmyadag","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Xiao, Xiangming","contributorId":67212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xiao","given":"Xiangming","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70007207,"text":"70007207 - 2011 - Methane hydrates and contemporary climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-06-06T01:01:36","indexId":"70007207","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-28T11:03:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2844,"text":"Nature Eduction Knowledge","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Methane hydrates and contemporary climate change","docAbstract":"As the evidence for warming climate became better established in the latter part of the 20th century (IPCC 2001), some scientists raised the alarm that large quantities of methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) might be liberated by widespread destabilization of climate-sensitive gas hydrate deposits trapped in marine and permafrost-associated sediments (Bohannon 2008, Krey <i>et al.</i> 2009, Mascarelli 2009). Even if only a fraction of the liberated CH<sub>4</sub> were to reach the atmosphere, the potency of CH<sub>4</sub> as a greenhouse gas (GHG) and the persistence of its oxidative product (CO<sub>2</sub>) heightened concerns that gas hydrate dissociation could represent a slow tipping point (Archer <i>et al.</i> 2009) for Earth's contemporary period of climate change.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature Eduction Knowledge","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","publisherLocation":"London, UK","usgsCitation":"Ruppel, C., 2011, Methane hydrates and contemporary climate change: Nature Eduction Knowledge, v. 2, no. 12.","startPage":"12","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257220,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":257205,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.nature.com/scitable/knowledge/library/methane-hydrates-and-contemporary-climate-change-24314790","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"2","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a552ce4b0c8380cd6d159","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruppel, Carolyn D.","contributorId":102322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppel","given":"Carolyn D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70006305,"text":"70006305 - 2011 - Mercury export from the Yukon River Basin and potential response to a changing climate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-28T08:49:51","indexId":"70006305","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-28T10:18:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury export from the Yukon River Basin and potential response to a changing climate","docAbstract":"We measured mercury (Hg) concentrations and calculated export and yield from the Yukon River Basin (YRB) to quantify Hg flux from a large, permafrost-dominated, high-latitude watershed. Exports of Hg averaged 4400 kg Hg yr<sup>-1</sup>. The average annual yield for the YRB during the study period was 5.17 &mu;g m<sup>-2</sup> yr<sup>-1</sup>, which is 3&ndash;32 times more than Hg yields reported for 8 other major northern hemisphere river basins. The vast majority (90%) of Hg export is associated with particulates. Half of the annual export of Hg occurred during the spring with about 80% of 34 samples exceeding the U.S. EPA Hg standard for adverse chronic effects to biota. Dissolved and particulate organic carbon exports explained 81% and 50%, respectively, of the variance in Hg exports, and both were significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.001) correlated with water discharge. Recent measurements indicate that permafrost contains a substantial reservoir of Hg. Consequently, climate warming will likely accelerate the mobilization of Hg from thawing permafrost increasing the export of organic carbon associated Hg and thus potentially exacerbating the production of bioavailable methylmercury from permafrost-dominated northern river basins.","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/es202068b","usgsCitation":"Schuster, P.F., Striegl, R.G., Aiken, G.R., Krabbenhoft, D.P., DeWild, J.F., Butler, K.D., Kamark, B., and Dornblaser, M., 2011, Mercury export from the Yukon River Basin and potential response to a changing climate: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 45, no. 21, p. 9262-9267, https://doi.org/10.1021/es202068b.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"9262","endPage":"9267","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":145,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Central Region","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":381,"text":"Mercury Research Laboratory","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257222,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yukon River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -155.21484375,\n              61.71070595883174\n            ],\n            [\n              -141.15234374999997,\n              61.71070595883174\n            ],\n            [\n              -141.15234374999997,\n              69.19379976461904\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.21484375,\n              69.19379976461904\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.21484375,\n              61.71070595883174\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"45","issue":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-10-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5403e4b0c8380cd6ce63","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schuster, Paul F. 0000-0002-8314-1372 pschuste@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8314-1372","contributorId":1360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuster","given":"Paul","email":"pschuste@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Striegl, Robert G. 0000-0002-8251-4659 rstriegl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8251-4659","contributorId":1630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Striegl","given":"Robert","email":"rstriegl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":354278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Aiken, George R. 0000-0001-8454-0984 graiken@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8454-0984","contributorId":1322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"George","email":"graiken@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Krabbenhoft, David P. 0000-0003-1964-5020 dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-5020","contributorId":1658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"David","email":"dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"DeWild, John F. 0000-0003-4097-2798 jfdewild@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4097-2798","contributorId":2525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeWild","given":"John","email":"jfdewild@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Butler, Kenna D. kebutler@usgs.gov","contributorId":3283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butler","given":"Kenna","email":"kebutler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":354277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kamark, Ben","contributorId":80976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kamark","given":"Ben","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Dornblaser, Mark","contributorId":97777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dornblaser","given":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70006088,"text":"70006088 - 2011 - Kin encounter rate and inbreeding avoidance in canids","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-20T12:11:02","indexId":"70006088","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-28T09:17:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2772,"text":"Molecular Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Kin encounter rate and inbreeding avoidance in canids","docAbstract":"Mating with close kin can lead to inbreeding depression through the expression of recessive deleterious alleles and loss of heterozygosity. Mate selection may be affected by kin encounter rate, and inbreeding avoidance may not be uniform but associated with age and social system. Specifically, selection for kin recognition and inbreeding avoidance may be more developed in species that live in family groups or breed cooperatively. To test this hypothesis, we compared kin encounter rate and the proportion of related breeding pairs in noninbred and highly inbred canid populations. The chance of randomly encountering a full sib ranged between 1&ndash;8% and 20&ndash;22% in noninbred and inbred canid populations, respectively. We show that regardless of encounter rate, outside natal groups mates were selected independent of relatedness. Within natal groups, there was a significant avoidance of mating with a relative. Lack of discrimination against mating with close relatives outside packs suggests that the rate of inbreeding in canids is related to the proximity of close relatives, which could explain the high degree of inbreeding depression observed in some populations. The idea that kin encounter rate and social organization can explain the lack of inbreeding avoidance in some species is intriguing and may have implications for the management of populations at risk.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Molecular Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Publishing","publisherLocation":"Malden, MA","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05358.x","usgsCitation":"Geffen, E., Kam, M., Hefner, R., Hersteinsson, P., Angerbjorn, A., Dalen, L., Fuglei, E., Noren, K., Adams, J.R., Vicetich, J., Meier, T.J., Mech, L., VonHoldt, B.M., Stahler, D.R., and Wayne, R.K., 2011, Kin encounter rate and inbreeding avoidance in canids: Molecular Biology, v. 20, no. 24, p. 5348-5358, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05358.x.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"5348","endPage":"5358","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research 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Reuven","contributorId":58885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hefner","given":"Reuven","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hersteinsson, Pall","contributorId":101137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hersteinsson","given":"Pall","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Angerbjorn, Anders","contributorId":60486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angerbjorn","given":"Anders","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dalen, Love","contributorId":16694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dalen","given":"Love","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fuglei, 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,{"id":70007157,"text":"70007157 - 2011 - Half-dead colonies of <i>Montastraea annularis</i> release viable gametes on a degraded reef in the US Virgin Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-06-06T01:01:36","indexId":"70007157","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-28T08:47:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1106,"text":"Bulletin of Marine Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Half-dead colonies of <i>Montastraea annularis</i> release viable gametes on a degraded reef in the US Virgin Islands","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of Marine Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Rosentiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science","publisherLocation":"Miami, FL","doi":"10.5343/bms.2010.1103","usgsCitation":"Kuffner, I.B., Hickey, T.D., Paul, V., Morrison, J.M., Walters, L.J., Grablow, K.R., Turner, T., and Parish, E.R., 2011, Half-dead colonies of <i>Montastraea annularis</i> release viable gametes on a degraded reef in the US Virgin Islands: Bulletin of Marine Science, v. 87, no. 4, p. 855-856, https://doi.org/10.5343/bms.2010.1103.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"855","endPage":"856","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501688,"rank":201,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://stars.library.ucf.edu/facultybib2010/1510","text":"External Repository"},{"id":257190,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":257185,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5343/bms.2010.1103","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Virgin Islands","otherGeospatial":"Tektite Reef;St. John","volume":"87","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2f59e4b0c8380cd5ccf8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kuffner, Ilsa B. 0000-0001-8804-7847 ikuffner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8804-7847","contributorId":3105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuffner","given":"Ilsa","email":"ikuffner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hickey, T. Don","contributorId":49066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hickey","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"Don","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Paul, Valerie J.","contributorId":39923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paul","given":"Valerie J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morrison, Jennifer M. 0000-0003-4460-7843 jmmorrison@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4460-7843","contributorId":4903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrison","given":"Jennifer","email":"jmmorrison@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Walters, Linda J.","contributorId":90451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walters","given":"Linda","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Grablow, Katie R.","contributorId":12314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grablow","given":"Katie","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Turner, Teresa","contributorId":101930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"Teresa","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Parish, Edward R.","contributorId":37999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parish","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70007531,"text":"70007531 - 2011 - How reservoirs alter drinking water quality: Organic matter sources, sinks, and transformations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-25T16:39:53","indexId":"70007531","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-27T12:46:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2592,"text":"Lake and Reservoir Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"How reservoirs alter drinking water quality: Organic matter sources, sinks, and transformations","docAbstract":"Within reservoirs, production, transformation, and loss of dissolved organic matter (DOM) occur simultaneously. While the balance between production and loss determines whether a reservoir is a net sink or source of DOM, changes in chemical composition are also important because they affect DOM reactivity with respect to disinfection by-product (DBP) formation. The composition of the DOM pool also provides insight into DOM sources and processing, which can inform reservoir management. We examined the concentration and composition of DOM in San Luis Reservoir, a large off-stream impoundment of the California State Water Project. We used a wide array of DOM chemical tracers including dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration, trihalomethane and haloacetic acid formation potentials (THMFP and HAAFP, respectively), absorbance properties, isotopic composition, lignin phenol content, and structural groupings determined by <sup>13</sup>C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). There were periods when the reservoir was a net source of DOC due to the predominance of algal production (summer), a net sink due to the predominance of degradation (fall&ndash;winter), and balanced between production and consumption (spring). Despite only moderate variation in bulk DOC concentration (3.0&ndash;3.6 mg C/L), changes in DOM composition indicated that terrestrial-derived material entering the reservoir was being degraded and replaced by aquatic-derived DOM produced within the reservoir. Substantial changes in the propensity of the DOM pool to form THMs and HAAs illustrate that the DBP precursor pool was not directly coupled to bulk DOC concentration and indicate that algal production is an important source of DBP precursors. Results suggest reservoirs have the potential to attenuate DOM amount and reactivity with respect to DBP precursors via degradative processes; however, these benefits can be decreased or even negated by the production of algal-derived DOM.","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","publisherLocation":"Philadelphia, PA","doi":"10.1080/07438141.2011.597283","usgsCitation":"Kraus, T., Bergamaschi, B., Hernes, P.J., Doctor, D.H., Kendall, C., Downing, B.D., and Losee, R.F., 2011, How reservoirs alter drinking water quality: Organic matter sources, sinks, and transformations: Lake and Reservoir Management, v. 27, no. 3, p. 205-219, https://doi.org/10.1080/07438141.2011.597283.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"205","endPage":"219","numberOfPages":"15","ipdsId":"IP-025590","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474733,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07438141.2011.597283","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":257152,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Luis Reservoir","volume":"27","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3255e4b0c8380cd5e715","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kraus, Tamara E.C. 0000-0002-5187-8644","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5187-8644","contributorId":92410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kraus","given":"Tamara E.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bergamaschi, Brian A. 0000-0002-9610-5581","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9610-5581","contributorId":73241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergamaschi","given":"Brian A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hernes, Peter J.","contributorId":85311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hernes","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Doctor, Daniel H. 0000-0002-8338-9722 dhdoctor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8338-9722","contributorId":2037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doctor","given":"Daniel","email":"dhdoctor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kendall, Carol 0000-0002-0247-3405 ckendall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0247-3405","contributorId":1462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"Carol","email":"ckendall@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Downing, Bryan D. 0000-0002-2007-5304 bdowning@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2007-5304","contributorId":1449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Downing","given":"Bryan","email":"bdowning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Losee, Richard F.","contributorId":8709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Losee","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70004546,"text":"70004546 - 2011 - Impacts of invasive plants  on Sandhill Crane (<i>Grus canadensis</i>) roosting habitat","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-10T10:00:36","indexId":"70004546","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-27T11:59:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2100,"text":"Invasive Plant Science and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impacts of invasive plants  on Sandhill Crane (<i>Grus canadensis</i>) roosting habitat","docAbstract":"<p>Invasive plants continue to spread in riparian ecosystems, causing both ecological and economic damage. This research investigated the impacts of common reed, purple loosestrife, riparian shrubland, and riparian woodlands on the quality and quantity of sandhill crane roosting habitat in the central Platte River, Nebraska, using a discrete choice model. A more detailed investigation of the impacts of common reed on sandhill crane roosting habitat was performed by forecasting a spread or contraction of this invasive plant. The discrete choice model indicates that riparian woodlands had the largest negative impact on sandhill crane roosting habitat. The forecasting results predict that a contraction of common reed could increase sandhill crane habitat availability by 50%, whereas an expansion could reduce the availability by as much as 250%. This suggests that if the distribution of common reed continues to expand in the central Platte River the availability of sandhill crane roosting habitat would likely be greatly reduced.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Invasive Plant Science and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Weed Science Society of America","doi":"10.1614/IPSM-D-11-00036.1","usgsCitation":"Kessler, A.C., Merchant, J.W., Allen, C.R., and Shultz, S.D., 2011, Impacts of invasive plants  on Sandhill Crane (<i>Grus canadensis</i>) roosting habitat: Invasive Plant Science and Management, v. 4, no. 4, p. 369-377, https://doi.org/10.1614/IPSM-D-11-00036.1.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"369","endPage":"377","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-030311","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":257161,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","otherGeospatial":"Platte River","volume":"4","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a38eee4b0c8380cd61737","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kessler, Andrew C.","contributorId":13084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kessler","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Merchant, James W.","contributorId":7858,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Merchant","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Allen, Craig R. 0000-0001-8655-8272 allencr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8655-8272","contributorId":1979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"allencr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":350678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shultz, Steven D.","contributorId":98162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shultz","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70006215,"text":"70006215 - 2011 - Is the model a misfit in Hawaii? The North American model in our most recent state","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-15T10:12:47","indexId":"70006215","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-27T11:37:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3587,"text":"The Wildlife Professional","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Is the model a misfit in Hawaii? The North American model in our most recent state","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Wildlife Professional","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Lepczyk, C., Johnson, E.D., and Hess, S.C., 2011, Is the model a misfit in Hawaii? The North American model in our most recent state: The Wildlife Professional, v. 5, no. 3, p. 64-67.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"64","endPage":"67","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257156,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","volume":"5","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3f2de4b0c8380cd6430a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lepczyk, Christopher A.","contributorId":24212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lepczyk","given":"Christopher A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Edwin D.","contributorId":61288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Edwin","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hess, Steven C. 0000-0001-6403-9922 shess@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6403-9922","contributorId":3156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hess","given":"Steven","email":"shess@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":354074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70003823,"text":"70003823 - 2011 - Isolation and characterization of 21 polymorphic microsatellite loci in the Japanese dace (<i>Tribolodon hakonensis</i>)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-06-05T01:01:48","indexId":"70003823","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-27T08:41:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1325,"text":"Conservation Genetics Resources","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Isolation and characterization of 21 polymorphic microsatellite loci in the Japanese dace (<i>Tribolodon hakonensis</i>)","docAbstract":"Twenty one polymorphic microsatellite loci for the Japanese dace (<i>Tribolodon hakonensis</i>) were isolated and characterized. The number of observed alleles per locus in 32 individuals ranged from 3 to 30. The observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.125 to 0.969 and from 0.175 to 0.973, respectively. All loci conformed to Hardy&ndash;Weinberg equilibrium, no linkage disequilibrium was observed between pairs of loci and no loci showed evidence of null alleles. These microsatellite loci will be useful for investigating the intraspecific genetic variation and population structure of this species.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Conservation Genetics Resources","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherland","doi":"10.1007/s12686-011-9405-8","usgsCitation":"Koizumi, N., Quinn, T.W., Park, M., Fike, J.A., Nishida, K., Takemura, T., Watabe, K., and Mori, A., 2011, Isolation and characterization of 21 polymorphic microsatellite loci in the Japanese dace (<i>Tribolodon hakonensis</i>): Conservation Genetics Resources, v. 3, no. 3, p. 565-567, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12686-011-9405-8.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"565","endPage":"567","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257125,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12686-011-9405-8","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":257131,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-02-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3f3ee4b0c8380cd6439a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koizumi, Noriyuki","contributorId":79342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koizumi","given":"Noriyuki","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Quinn, Thomas W.","contributorId":101131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quinn","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Park, Myeongsoo","contributorId":71817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Park","given":"Myeongsoo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fike, Jennifer A. fikej@usgs.gov","contributorId":4564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fike","given":"Jennifer","email":"fikej@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":349028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nishida, Kazuya","contributorId":9105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nishida","given":"Kazuya","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Takemura, Takeshi","contributorId":68579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takemura","given":"Takeshi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Watabe, Keiji","contributorId":84200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watabe","given":"Keiji","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Mori, Atsushi","contributorId":14237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mori","given":"Atsushi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70006296,"text":"70006296 - 2011 - Hydrogeochemical processes governing the origin, transport and fate of major and trace elements from mine wastes and mineralized rock to surface waters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-11T10:45:02","indexId":"70006296","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-23T12:10:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrogeochemical processes governing the origin, transport and fate of major and trace elements from mine wastes and mineralized rock to surface waters","docAbstract":"<p>The formation of acid mine drainage from metals extraction or natural acid rock drainage and its mixing with surface waters is a complex process that depends on petrology and mineralogy, structural geology, geomorphology, surface-water hydrology, hydrogeology, climatology, microbiology, chemistry, and mining and mineral processing history. The concentrations of metals, metalloids, acidity, alkalinity, Cl<sup>-</sup>, F<sup>-</sup> and SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup> found in receiving streams, rivers, and lakes are affected by all of these factors and their interactions. Remediation of mine sites is an engineering concern but to design a remediation plan without understanding the hydrogeochemical processes of contaminant mobilization can lead to ineffective and excessively costly remediation. Furthermore, remediation needs a goal commensurate with natural background conditions rather than water-quality standards that might bear little relation to conditions of a highly mineralized terrain. This paper reviews hydrogeochemical generalizations, primarily from US Geological Survey research, that enhance our understanding of the origin, transport, and fate of contaminants released from mined and mineralized areas.</p>\n<p>Mobility of potential or actual contaminants from mining and mineral processing activities depends on (1) <i>occurrence</i>: is the mineral source of the contaminant actually present? (2) <i>abundance</i>: is the mineral present in sufficient quantity to make a difference? (3) <i>reactivity</i>: what are the energetics, rates, and mechanisms of sorption and mineral dissolution and precipitation relative to the flow rate of the water? and (4) <i>hydrology</i>: what are the main flow paths for contaminated water? Estimates of relative proportions of minerals dissolved and precipitated can be made with mass-balance calculations if minerals and water compositions along a flow path are known. Combined with discharge, these mass-balance estimates quantify the actual weathering rate of pyrite mineralization in the environment and compare reasonably well with laboratory rates of pyrite oxidation except when large quantities of soluble salts and evaporated mine waters have accumulated underground. Quantitative mineralogy with trace-element compositions can substantially improve the identification of source minerals for specific trace elements through mass balances. Post-dissolution sorption and precipitation (attenuation) reactions depend on the chemical behavior of each element, solution composition and pH, aqueous speciation, temperature, and contact-time with mineral surfaces. For example, little metal attenuation occurs in waters of low pH (<3.5) and metals tend to maintain element ratios indicative of the main mineral or group of minerals from which they dissolved, except Fe, SiO<sub>2</sub>, and redox-sensitive oxyanions (As, Sb, Se, Mo, Cr, V). Once dissolved, metal and metalloid concentrations are strongly affected by redox conditions and pH. Iron is the most reactive because it is rapidly oxidized by bacteria and archaea and Fe(III) hydrolyzes and precipitates at low pH (1&ndash;3) which is related directly to its first hydrolysis constant, pK<sub>1</sub> = 2.2. Several insoluble sulfate minerals precipitate at low pH including anglesite, barite, jarosite, alunite and basaluminite. Aluminum hydrolyzes near pH 5 (pK<sub>1</sub> = 5.0) and provides buffering and removal of Al by mineral precipitation from pH 4&ndash;5.5. Dissolved sulfate behaves conservatively because the amount removed from solution by precipitation is usually too small relative to the high concentrations in the water column and relative to the flow rate of the water.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.06.002","usgsCitation":"Nordstrom, D.K., 2011, Hydrogeochemical processes governing the origin, transport and fate of major and trace elements from mine wastes and mineralized rock to surface waters: Applied Geochemistry, v. 26, no. 11, p. 1777-1791, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.06.002.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1777","endPage":"1791","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":145,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Central Region","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257096,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3357e4b0c8380cd5ef15","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":354250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
]}