{"pageNumber":"1705","pageRowStart":"42600","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":70037735,"text":"sir20115084 - 2011 - Cobalt mineral exploration and supply from 1995 through 2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-04-30T16:43:35","indexId":"sir20115084","displayToPublicDate":"2012-03-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5084","title":"Cobalt mineral exploration and supply from 1995 through 2013","docAbstract":"The global mining industry has invested a large amount of capital in mineral exploration and development over the past 15 years in an effort to ensure that sufficient resources are available to meet future increases in demand for minerals. Exploration data have been used to identify specific sites where this investment has led to a significant contribution in global mineral supply of cobalt or where a significant increase in cobalt production capacity is anticipated in the next 5 years. This report provides an overview of the cobalt industry, factors affecting mineral supply, and circumstances surrounding the development, or lack thereof, of key mineral properties with the potential to affect mineral supply. Of the 48 sites with an effective production capacity of at least 1,000 metric tons per year of cobalt considered for this study, 3 producing sites underwent significant expansion during the study period, 10 exploration sites commenced production from 1995 through 2008, and 16 sites were expected to begin production by 2013 if planned development schedules are met.\r\n\r\nCobalt supply is influenced by economic, environmental, political, and technological factors affecting exploration for and production of copper, nickel, and other metals as well as factors affecting the cobalt industry. Cobalt-rich nickel laterite deposits were discovered and developed in Australia and the South Pacific and improvements in laterite processing technology took place during the 1990s and early in the first decade of the 21st century when mining of copper-cobalt deposits in Congo (Kinshasa) was restricted because of regional conflict and lack of investment in that country's mining sector. There was also increased exploration for and greater importance placed on cobalt as a byproduct of nickel mining in Australia and Canada. The emergence of China as a major refined cobalt producer and consumer since 2007 has changed the pattern of demand for cobalt, particularly from Africa and Australasia. Chinese companies are increasingly becoming involved in copper and cobalt exploration and mining in Congo (Kinshasa) and Zambia as well as nickel, copper, and other mining in Australia and the South Pacific. Between 2009 and 2013, mines with a cumulative capacity of more than 100,000 metric tons per year of cobalt were proposed to come into production if all sites came into production as scheduled. This additional capacity corresponds to 175 percent of the 2008 global refinery production level. About 45 percent of this cobalt would be from primary nickel deposits, about 32 percent from primary copper deposits, and about 21 percent from primary cobalt deposits. By 2013, about 40 percent of new capacity was expected to come from the African Copperbelt; 38 percent, from Australia and the South Pacific countries of Philippines, Indonesia, New Caledonia, and Papua New Guinea; 11 percent, from other African countries; 5 percent, from North America; and 6 percent, from other areas.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115084","usgsCitation":"Wilburn, D.R., 2011, Cobalt mineral exploration and supply from 1995 through 2013: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5084, iii, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115084.","productDescription":"iii, 16 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"1995-01-01","temporalEnd":"2013-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246621,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5084/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":246626,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5084.gif"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f797e4b0c8380cd4cbcc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilburn, David R. 0000-0002-5371-7617 wilburn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5371-7617","contributorId":1755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilburn","given":"David","email":"wilburn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70009679,"text":"70009679 - 2011 - The science of trail surveys: Recreation ecology provides new tools for managing wilderness trails","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-04-15T17:28:15","indexId":"70009679","displayToPublicDate":"2012-03-11T16:22:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3014,"text":"Park Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The science of trail surveys: Recreation ecology provides new tools for managing wilderness trails","docAbstract":"Recreation ecology examines the effects of recreation on protected area ecosystems. One core focus of recreation ecology research is trail science, including the development of efficient protocols to assess and monitor the type and severity of resource impacts, analyses to improve knowledge of factors that influence trail conditions, and studies to assist land managers in improving trail design, maintenance, and visitor management. This article reviews alternative trail survey methodologies most useful for the management of wilderness and backcountry trail networks. Illustrations and implications from survey data for trail planning, design, and management are included.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Park Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","usgsCitation":"Marion, J.L., Wimpey, J.F., and Park, L.O., 2011, The science of trail surveys: Recreation ecology provides new tools for managing wilderness trails: Park Science, v. 28, no. 3, 6 p.","productDescription":"6 p.","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246760,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":246758,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://profile.usgs.gov/myscience/upload_folder/ci2012Feb2415014936429Park%20Science%20Trail%20Survey%20paper.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","volume":"28","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bafb8e4b08c986b3249cb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marion, Jeffrey L.","contributorId":56322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marion","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":356849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wimpey, Jeremy F.","contributorId":83769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wimpey","given":"Jeremy","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Park, Logan O.","contributorId":35161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Park","given":"Logan","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70009687,"text":"ofr20111168 - 2011 - Physical and chemical characteristics including total and geochemical forms of phosphorus in sediment from the top 30 centimeters of cores collected in October 2006 at 26 sites in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:43","indexId":"ofr20111168","displayToPublicDate":"2012-03-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1168","title":"Physical and chemical characteristics including total and geochemical forms of phosphorus in sediment from the top 30 centimeters of cores collected in October 2006 at 26 sites in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon","docAbstract":"&mu;This study of phosphorus (P) cycling in eutrophic Upper Klamath Lake (UKL), Oregon, was conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. Lakebed sediments from the upper 30 centimeters (cm) of cores collected from 26 sites were characterized. Cores were sampled at 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 cm. Prior to freezing, water content and sediment pH were determined. After being freeze-dried, all samples were separated into greater than 63-micron (&mu;m) particle-size (coarse) and less than 63-&mu;m particle-size (fine) fractions. In the surface samples (0.5 to 4.5 cm below the sediment water interface), approximately three-fourths of the particles were larger than 63-&mu;m. The ratios of the coarse particle-size fraction (>63 &mu;m) and the fine particle-size fraction (<63 &mu;m) were approximately equal in samples at depths greater than 10 cm below the sediment water interface. Chemical analyses included both size fractions of freeze-dried samples. Chemical analyses included determination of total concentrations of aluminum (Al), calcium (Ca), carbon (C), iron (Fe), poorly crystalline Fe, nitrogen (N), P, and titanium (Ti). Total Fe concentrations were the largest in sediment from the northern portion of UKL, Howard Bay, and the southern portion of the lake. Concentrations of total Al, Ca, and Ti were largest in sediment from the northern, central, and southernmost portions of the lake and in sediment from Howard Bay. Concentrations of total C and N were largest in sediment from the embayments and in sediment from the northern arm and southern portion of the lake in the general region of Buck Island. Concentrations of total C were larger in the greater than 63-&mu;m particle-size fraction than in the less than 63-&mu;m particle-size fraction. Sediments were sequentially extracted to determine concentrations of inorganic forms of P, including loosely sorbed P, P associated with poorly crystalline Fe oxides, and P associated with mineral phases. The difference between the concentration of total P and sum of the concentrations of inorganic forms of P is referred to as residual P. Residual P was the largest fraction of P in all of the sediment samples. In UKL, the correlation between concentrations of total P and total Fe in sediment is poor (R2<0.1). The correlation between the concentrations of total P and P associated with poorly crystalline Fe oxides is good (R2=0.43) in surface sediment (0.5-4.5 cm below the sediment water interface) but poor (R2<0.1) in sediments at depths between 10 cm and 30 cm. Phosphorus associated with poorly crystalline Fe oxides is considered bioavailable because it is released when sediment conditions change from oxidizing to reducing, which causes dissolution of Fe oxides.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111168","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Simon, N.S., and Ingle, S.N., 2011, Physical and chemical characteristics including total and geochemical forms of phosphorus in sediment from the top 30 centimeters of cores collected in October 2006 at 26 sites in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1168, v, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111168.","productDescription":"v, 49 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":410,"text":"National Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204870,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1168/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":204871,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1168.gif"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Upper Klamath Lake","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.5,42 ], [ -124.5,46.25 ], [ -116.75,46.25 ], [ -116.75,42 ], [ -124.5,42 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7a6fe4b0c8380cd78ee7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Simon, Nancy S. 0000-0003-2706-7611 nssimon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2706-7611","contributorId":838,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simon","given":"Nancy","email":"nssimon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":356859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ingle, Sarah N.","contributorId":87684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingle","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70009683,"text":"ofr20111318 - 2011 - Environmental settings of streams sampled for mercury in New York and South Carolina, 2005-09","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-27T10:30:51","indexId":"ofr20111318","displayToPublicDate":"2012-03-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1318","title":"Environmental settings of streams sampled for mercury in New York and South Carolina, 2005-09","docAbstract":"This report summarizes the environmental settings of streams in New York and South Carolina, where the U.S. Geological Survey completed detailed investigations during 2005-09 into factors contributing to mercury bioaccumulation in top-predator fish and other stream organisms. Descriptions of location, land use/land cover, climate, precipitation, atmospheric deposition, hydrology, water temperature, and other characteristics are provided. Atmospheric deposition is the dominant mercury source in the studied basins where biota, sediment, soil, and water were sampled for mercury and for physical and chemical characteristics believed to be important in mercury methylation and transport.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111318","collaboration":"National Water-Quality Assessment Program, Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","usgsCitation":"Scudder Eikenberry, B.C., Riva-Murray, K., Smith, M.J., Bradley, P.M., Button, D.T., Clark, J.M., Burns, D.A., and Journey, C.A., 2011, Environmental settings of streams sampled for mercury in New York and South Carolina, 2005-09: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1318, Report: viii, 34 p.; 2 Appendixes, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111318.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 34 p.; 2 Appendixes","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204866,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1318.gif"},{"id":204861,"rank":4,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1318/pdf/ofr2011_1318_031312.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":370694,"rank":5,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1318/Appendix2.xlsx"},{"id":370693,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1318/Appendix1.xlsx"}],"projection":"Albers Conical Equal Area Projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"New York, South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Edisto River Basin, Mctier Creek Subbasin, Santee River Basin, Upper Hudson River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      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Karen","contributorId":85650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riva-Murray","given":"Karen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Martyn J. 0000-0002-1107-9653 marsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1107-9653","contributorId":4474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Martyn","email":"marsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bradley, Paul M. 0000-0001-7522-8606 pbradley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-8606","contributorId":361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Paul","email":"pbradley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Button, Daniel T. 0000-0002-7479-884X dtbutton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7479-884X","contributorId":2084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Button","given":"Daniel","email":"dtbutton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Clark, Jimmy M. 0000-0002-3138-5738 jmclark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3138-5738","contributorId":4773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Jimmy","email":"jmclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Burns, Douglas A. 0000-0001-6516-2869 daburns@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6516-2869","contributorId":1237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns","given":"Douglas","email":"daburns@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Journey, Celeste A. 0000-0002-2284-5851 cjourney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2284-5851","contributorId":2617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Journey","given":"Celeste","email":"cjourney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":356854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70009657,"text":"pp1786 - 2011 - Stratigraphy and depositional environments of the upper Pleistocene Chemehuevi Formation along the lower Colorado River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-21T15:54:02","indexId":"pp1786","displayToPublicDate":"2012-03-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1786","title":"Stratigraphy and depositional environments of the upper Pleistocene Chemehuevi Formation along the lower Colorado River","docAbstract":"The Chemehuevi Formation forms a conspicuous, widespread, and correlative set of nonmarine sediments lining the valleys of the Colorado River and several of its larger tributaries in the Basin and Range geologic province. These sediments have been examined by geologists since J. S. Newberry visited the region in 1857 and are widely cited in the geologic literature; however their origin remains unresolved and their stratigraphic context has been confused by inconsistent nomenclature and by conflicting interpretations of their origin. This is one of the most prominent stratigraphic units along the river below the Grand Canyon, and the formation records an important event or set of events in the history of the Colorado River. Here we summarize what is known about these deposits throughout their range, present new stratigraphic, sedimentologic, topographic, and tephrochronologic data, and formally define them as a lithostratigraphic unit. The Chemehuevi Formation consists primarily of a bluff-forming mud facies, consisting of gypsum-bearing, horizontally bedded sand, silt, and clay, and a slope-forming sand facies containing poorly bedded, well sorted, quartz rich sand and scattered gravel. The sedimentary characteristics and fossil assemblages of the two facies types suggest that they were deposited in flood plain and channel environments, respectively. In addition to these two primary facies, we identify three other mappable facies in the formation: a thick-bedded rhythmite facies, now drowned by Lake Mead; a valley-margin facies containing abundant locally derived sediment; and several tributary facies consisting of mixed fluvial and lacustrine deposits in the lower parts of major tributary valleys. Observations from the subsurface and at outcrops near the elevation of the modern flood plain suggest that the formation also contains a regional basal gravel member. Surveys of numerous outcrops using high-precision GPS demonstrate that although the sand facies commonly overlies the mud facies where the two are found together, contacts between the two occur over a range in elevation, and as a consequence, the sand and mud facies are similarly distributed both horizontally and vertically throughout the valley. Collectively, the outcrops of the formation lie below a smooth elevation envelope that slopes 50 percent more steeply than the historic (pre-Hoover Dam) valley, from nearly 150 m above the historic flood plain near the mouth of the Grand Canyon to less than 30 m above the flood plain at the head of the flood plain near Yuma, Arizona. The steepness of the valley at the peak of aggradation probably represents a depositional slope. Layers of fine grained volcanic tephra have been found below and within the Chemehuevi Formation at five widely separated sites, one of which is now submerged beneath Lake Mead. Major element geochemistry of glass shards from the four accessible tephra sites were analyzed. Three of the sampled tephra layers are interbedded within the Chemehuevi Formation, and a fourth tephra conformably underlies the formation. The three interbedded tephra layers are similar enough to one another that they are probably from the same eruptive unit, hereafter referred to as the Monkey Rock tephra bed. The other sample, which locally underlies the formation, is similar enough to the Monkey Rock tephra bed to suggest it is from the same volcanic source area; however, it may not be from the same eruption, and thus may not be the same age. On the basis of the stratigraphic contexts of chemically similar tephra layers found elsewhere in the Basin and Range, we suspect that the source area is the Mammoth Mountain dome complex in Long Valley, east-central California. Two samples of proximal Mammoth Mountain pumice were analyzed and produced geochemical signatures similar to all four of the Chemehuevi Formation tephra, supporting Mammoth Mountain as a possible source area. The Mammoth Mountain volcanic center produced eruptions between about 111&plusmn;2 and 57&plusmn;2 ka and was most active in the later part of this time interval, during Marine Oxygen Isotope (MOI) stage 4 (between 74 and 59 ka ago). Chemically similar tephra in cores from Owens Lake and Walker Lake are approximately 70 and 74 ky old, based on age models of those cores. Other lines of stratigraphic evidence from nine tephra-containing sections in the Basin and Range are also consistent with an age assignment for the Monkey Rock tephra of ~72 ky, near the beginning of MOI stage 4.  We propose to designate the Chemehuevi Formation as a formal lithostratigraphic unit, and propose as the type section a well exposed outcrop near the ranger station at Katherine Landing, Arizona, in the Lake Mead National Recreation Area. This exposure shows the two dominant facies, an example of one of the four known tephra layers, and interbedded lenses of locally derived gravel. In the type section, as in many of the other examples of the formation, the sand facies overlies the mud facies on a conspicuous, abrupt erosional surface; however, nearby is a contiguous section demonstrating that the mud and sand facies interfinger. In addition to the type section, measured reference sections compiled here illustrate other important lithologic and stratigraphic features of the formation. Our preferred interpretation of the Chemehuevi Formation is that it contains the remnants of deposits formed during a single major episode of fluvial aggradation, during which the Colorado River filled its valley with a great volume of dominantly sand-size sediment. This would reflect an increase in the supply of sand-size sediment, and(or) a reduction in transport capacity below the mouth of Grand Canyon. The most likely cause for the aggradation is an extraordinary increase in sand supply, likely due to widespread climatic change. However, other explanations have not been ruled out. Other aggradation events predated the Chemehuevi Formation, and some smaller events may have postdated the formation. However, the Chemehuevi Formation contains the remnants of the most recent large magnitude (>100 m) aggradation of the Colorado River.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1786","usgsCitation":"Malmon, D.V., Howard, K.A., House, P.K., Lundstrom, S.C., Pearthree, P.A., Sarna-Wojcicki, A.M., Wan, E., and Wahl, D.B., 2011, Stratigraphy and depositional environments of the upper Pleistocene Chemehuevi Formation along the lower Colorado River: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1786, v, 69; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1786.","productDescription":"v, 69; Appendices","startPage":"i","endPage":"95","numberOfPages":"100","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":671,"text":"Western Region Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204843,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp_1786.gif"},{"id":204841,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1786/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California;Nevada;Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Chemehuevi Formation;Colorado River","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b998ae4b08c986b31c4a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Malmon, Daniel V.","contributorId":89998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malmon","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Howard, Keith A. 0000-0002-6462-2947 khoward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6462-2947","contributorId":3439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"Keith","email":"khoward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"House, P. Kyle","contributorId":60374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"House","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"Kyle","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lundstrom, Scott C. 0000-0003-4149-2219 sclundst@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4149-2219","contributorId":2446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lundstrom","given":"Scott","email":"sclundst@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pearthree, Philip A.","contributorId":17363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearthree","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sarna-Wojcicki, Andrei M. 0000-0002-0244-9149 asarna@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0244-9149","contributorId":1046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sarna-Wojcicki","given":"Andrei","email":"asarna@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":356820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wan, Elmira 0000-0002-9255-112X ewan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9255-112X","contributorId":3434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wan","given":"Elmira","email":"ewan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wahl, David B. 0000-0002-0451-3554 dwahl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0451-3554","contributorId":3433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wahl","given":"David","email":"dwahl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":24693,"text":"Climate Research and Development","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70007549,"text":"ofr20101333 - 2011 - Triggered surface slips in southern California associated with the 2010 El Mayor-Cucapah, Baja California, Mexico, earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-29T17:02:32","indexId":"ofr20101333","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-29T07:55:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1333","title":"Triggered surface slips in southern California associated with the 2010 El Mayor-Cucapah, Baja California, Mexico, earthquake","docAbstract":"<p>The April 4, 2010 (<i>M<sub>w</sub></i>7.2), El Mayor-Cucapah, Baja California, Mexico, earthquake is the strongest earthquake to shake the Salton Trough area since the 1992 (<i>M<sub>w</sub></i>7.3) Landers earthquake. Similar to the Landers event, ground-surface fracturing occurred on multiple faults in the trough. However, the 2010 event triggered surface slip on more faults in the central Salton Trough than previous earthquakes, including multiple faults in the Yuha Desert area, the southwestern section of the Salton Trough. In the central Salton Trough, surface fracturing occurred along the southern San Andreas, Coyote Creek, Superstition Hills, Wienert, Kalin, and Imperial Faults and along the Brawley Fault Zone, all of which are known to have slipped in historical time, either in primary (tectonic) slip and/or in triggered slip. Surface slip in association with the El Mayor-Cucapah earthquake is at least the eighth time in the past 42 years that a local or regional earthquake has triggered slip along faults in the central Salton Trough. In the southwestern part of the Salton Trough, surface fractures (triggered slip) occurred in a broad area of the Yuha Desert. This is the first time that triggered slip has been observed in the southwestern Salton Trough.</p>\n<p>Triggered slip in the Yuha Desert area occurred along more than two dozen faults, only some of which were recognized before the April 4, 2010, El Mayor-Cucapah earthquake. From east to northwest, slip occurred in seven general areas: (1) in the Northern Centinela Fault Zone (newly named), (2) along unnamed faults south of Pinto Wash, (3) along the Yuha Fault (newly named), (4) along both east and west branches of the Laguna Salada Fault, (5) along the Yuha Well Fault Zone (newly revised name) and related faults between it and the Yuha Fault, (6) along the Ocotillo Fault (newly named) and related faults to the north and south, and (7) along the southeasternmost section of the Elsinore Fault. Faults that slipped in the Yuha Desert area include northwest-trending right-lateral faults, northeast-trending left-lateral faults, and north-south faults, some of which had dominantly vertical offset. Triggered slip along the Ocotillo and Elsinore Faults appears to have occurred only in association with the June 14, 2010 (<i>M<sub>w</sub></i>5.7), aftershock. This aftershock also resulted in slip along other faults near the town of Ocotillo. Triggered offset on faults in the Yuha Desert area was mostly less than 20 mm, with three significant exceptions, including slip of about 50&ndash;60 mm on the Yuha Fault, 40 mm on a fault south of Pinto Wash, and about 85 mm on the Ocotillo Fault. All triggered slips in the Yuha Desert area occurred along preexisting faults, whether previously recognized or not.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101333","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California Geological Survey; University of Oregon; University of Colorado; University of California, San Diego; and Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology.","usgsCitation":"Rymer, M.J., Treiman, J.A., Kendrick, K.J., Lienkaemper, J.J., Weldon, R., Bilham, R.G., Wei, M., Fielding, E.J., Hernandez, J.L., Olson, B., Irvine, P.J., Knepprath, N., Sickler, R.R., Tong, X., and Siem, M.E., 2011, Triggered surface slips in southern California associated with the 2010 El Mayor-Cucapah, Baja California, Mexico, earthquake: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1333, vi, 49 p.; Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101333.","productDescription":"vi, 49 p.; Appendix","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204745,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1333.gif"},{"id":204743,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1333/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States;Mexico","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Baja California;Salton Trough","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.75,32 ], [ -116.75,34 ], [ -115.16666666666667,34 ], [ -115.16666666666667,32 ], [ -116.75,32 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb851e4b08c986b3277ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rymer, Michael J. mrymer@usgs.gov","contributorId":1522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rymer","given":"Michael","email":"mrymer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Treiman, Jerome A.","contributorId":75010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Treiman","given":"Jerome","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kendrick, Katherine J. 0000-0002-9839-6861 kendrick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9839-6861","contributorId":2716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendrick","given":"Katherine","email":"kendrick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lienkaemper, James J. 0000-0002-7578-7042 jlienk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7578-7042","contributorId":1941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lienkaemper","given":"James","email":"jlienk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Weldon, Ray J.","contributorId":87035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weldon","given":"Ray J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bilham, Roger G. 0000-0002-5547-4102","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5547-4102","contributorId":48200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bilham","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":356665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wei, Meng","contributorId":53662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wei","given":"Meng","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Fielding, Eric J.","contributorId":99837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fielding","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Hernandez, Janis L.","contributorId":90603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hernandez","given":"Janis","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Olson, Brian","contributorId":56519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Irvine, Pamela J.","contributorId":45190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irvine","given":"Pamela","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Knepprath, Nichole","contributorId":18233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knepprath","given":"Nichole","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Sickler, Robert R. 0000-0002-9141-625X rsickler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9141-625X","contributorId":3235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sickler","given":"Robert","email":"rsickler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Tong, Xiaopeng","contributorId":31267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tong","given":"Xiaopeng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Siem, Martin E.","contributorId":58524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Siem","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}}
,{"id":70005575,"text":"70005575 - 2011 - Demographic consequences of migratory stopover: Linking red knot survival to horseshoe crab spawning abundance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-12T22:26:50.746887","indexId":"70005575","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-28T09:03:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Demographic consequences of migratory stopover: Linking red knot survival to horseshoe crab spawning abundance","docAbstract":"<p><span>Understanding how events during one period of the annual cycle carry over to affect survival and other fitness components in other periods is essential to understanding migratory bird demography and conservation needs. Previous research has suggested that western Atlantic red knot (</span><i>Calidris canutus rufa</i><span>) populations are greatly affected by horseshoe crab (</span><i>Limulus polyphemus</i><span>) egg availability at Delaware Bay stopover sites during their spring northward migration. We present a mass‐based multistate, capture‐recapture/resighting model linking (1) red knot stopover mass gain to horseshoe crab spawning abundance and (2) subsequent apparent annual survival to mass state at the time of departure from the Delaware Bay stopover area. The model and analysis use capture‐recapture/resighting data with over 16,000 individual captures and 13,000 resightings collected in Delaware Bay over a 12 year period from 1997–2008, and the results are used to evaluate the central management hypothesis that red knot populations can be influenced by horseshoe crab harvest regulations as part of a larger adaptive management effort. Model selection statistics showed support for a positive relationship between horseshoe crab spawning abundance during the stopover and the probability of red knots gaining mass (parameter coefficient from the top model&nbsp;</span><i>b̂</i><span>&nbsp;= 1.71,&nbsp;</span><span><img class=\"section_image\" src=\"https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/asset/e6ab4ef1-f7b4-490d-b248-408cb17f4ce2/ecs211001061-math-0005.gif\" alt=\"inline image\" data-mce-src=\"https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/asset/e6ab4ef1-f7b4-490d-b248-408cb17f4ce2/ecs211001061-math-0005.gif\"></span><span>&nbsp;= 0.46). Our analyses also supported the link between red knot mass and apparent annual survival, although average estimates for the two mass classes differed only slightly. The addition of arctic snow depth as a covariate influencing apparent survival improved the fit of the data to the models (parameter coefficient from the top model&nbsp;</span><i>b̂</i><span>&nbsp;= 0.50,&nbsp;</span><span><img class=\"section_image\" src=\"https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/asset/7c098e02-5216-4d58-9382-63b95209cfcc/ecs211001061-math-0006.gif\" alt=\"inline image\" data-mce-src=\"https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/asset/7c098e02-5216-4d58-9382-63b95209cfcc/ecs211001061-math-0006.gif\"></span><span>&nbsp;= 0.08). Our results indicate that managing horseshoe crab resources in the Delaware Bay has the potential to improve red knot population status.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/ES11-00106.1","usgsCitation":"McGowan, C., Hines, J., Nichols, J., Lyons, J., Smith, D., Kalasz, K.S., Niles, L.J., Dey, A.D., Clark, N.A., Atkinson, P.W., Minton, C.D., and Kendall, W., 2011, Demographic consequences of migratory stopover: Linking red knot survival to horseshoe crab spawning abundance: Ecosphere, v. 2, no. 6, 69, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.1890/ES11-00106.1.","productDescription":"69, 22 p.","temporalStart":"1997-01-01","temporalEnd":"2008-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474753,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/es11-00106.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":204852,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware, New Jersey","otherGeospatial":"Delaware Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -75.091552734375,\n              38.74123075381228\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.8553466796875,\n              39.16839998800286\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.069580078125,\n              39.26203141523749\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.4925537109375,\n              39.49556336059472\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.5145263671875,\n              39.66914219401813\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.640869140625,\n              39.6606850221923\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.59692382812499,\n              39.51675478434244\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.60791015625,\n              39.42770738465604\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.43212890625,\n              39.26628442213066\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.4046630859375,\n              39.049052206453524\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.2838134765625,\n              38.831149809348744\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.091552734375,\n              38.74123075381228\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"2","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe80e4b0c8380cd4ed6b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGowan, Conor P. 0000-0002-7330-9581 cmcgowan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7330-9581","contributorId":3381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGowan","given":"Conor P.","email":"cmcgowan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":352855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hines, James E. jhines@usgs.gov","contributorId":3506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"James E.","email":"jhines@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":352854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nichols, James D. 0000-0002-7631-2890 jnichols@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"James D.","email":"jnichols@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":352852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lyons, James E.","contributorId":35461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyons","given":"James E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, David 0000-0001-6074-9257","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6074-9257","contributorId":1989,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":352853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kalasz, Kevin S.","contributorId":29129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kalasz","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Niles, Lawrence J.","contributorId":25289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Niles","given":"Lawrence","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Dey, Amanda D.","contributorId":61957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dey","given":"Amanda","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Clark, Nigel A.","contributorId":82456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Nigel","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Atkinson, Philip W.","contributorId":63163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atkinson","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Minton, Clive D.T.","contributorId":101383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minton","given":"Clive","email":"","middleInitial":"D.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Kendall, William","contributorId":76883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70005420,"text":"70005420 - 2011 - Discontinuous hindcast simulations of estuarine bathymetric change: A case study from Suisun Bay, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-16T20:45:27","indexId":"70005420","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1587,"text":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Discontinuous hindcast simulations of estuarine bathymetric change: A case study from Suisun Bay, California","docAbstract":"Simulations of estuarine bathymetric change over decadal timescales require methods for idealization and reduction of forcing data and boundary conditions. Continuous simulations are hampered by computational and data limitations and results are rarely evaluated with observed bathymetric change data. Bathymetric change data for Suisun Bay, California span the 1867&ndash;1990 period with five bathymetric surveys during that period. The four periods of bathymetric change were modeled using a coupled hydrodynamic-sediment transport model operated at the tidal-timescale. The efficacy of idealization techniques was investigated by discontinuously simulating the four periods. The 1867&ndash;1887 period, used for calibration of wave energy and sediment parameters, was modeled with an average error of 37% while the remaining periods were modeled with error ranging from 23% to 121%. Variation in post-calibration performance is attributed to temporally variable sediment parameters and lack of bathymetric and configuration data for portions of Suisun Bay and the Delta. Modifying seaward sediment delivery and bed composition resulted in large performance increases for post-calibration periods suggesting that continuous simulation with constant parameters is unrealistic. Idealization techniques which accelerate morphological change should therefore be used with caution in estuaries where parameters may change on sub-decadal timescales. This study highlights the utility and shortcomings of estuarine geomorphic models for estimating past changes in forcing mechanisms such as sediment supply and bed composition. The results further stress the inherent difficulty of simulating estuarine changes over decadal timescales due to changes in configuration, benthic composition, and anthropogenic forcing such as dredging and channelization.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2011.04.004","usgsCitation":"Ganju, N., Jaffe, B.E., and Schoellhamer, D., 2011, Discontinuous hindcast simulations of estuarine bathymetric change: A case study from Suisun Bay, California: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, v. 93, no. 2, p. 142-150, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2011.04.004.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"142","endPage":"150","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474754,"rank":101,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/4665","text":"External Repository"},{"id":204859,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":204857,"rank":100,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2011.04.004","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Suisun Bay","volume":"93","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a01ebe4b0c8380cd4fdba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ganju, Neil K. 0000-0002-1096-0465","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1096-0465","contributorId":93543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ganju","given":"Neil K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jaffe, Bruce E. 0000-0002-8816-5920 bjaffe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8816-5920","contributorId":2049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaffe","given":"Bruce","email":"bjaffe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":352453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schoellhamer, David H. 0000-0001-9488-7340 dschoell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-7340","contributorId":631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoellhamer","given":"David H.","email":"dschoell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":352452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70007540,"text":"sir20115210 - 2011 - Biomarker chemistry and flux quantification methods for natural petroleum seeps and produced oils, offshore southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-29T17:02:31","indexId":"sir20115210","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5210","subseriesTitle":"Bureau of Ocean Energy Management OCS Study BOEM 2011?016","title":"Biomarker chemistry and flux quantification methods for natural petroleum seeps and produced oils, offshore southern California","docAbstract":"Sustained, natural oil seepage from the seafloor is common off southern California, and is of great interest to resource managers, who are tasked with distinguishing natural from anthropogenic oil sources. The major purpose of this study was to build upon the work previously funded by the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) that has refined the oil-fingerprinting process to enable differentiation of the highly similar Monterey Formation oils from Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) production and adjacent natural seeps. In these initial studies, biomarker and stable carbon isotope ratios were used to infer the age, lithology, organic-matter input, and depositional environment of the source rocks for 388 samples of produced crude oil, seep oil, and tarballs mainly from coastal California. The analysis resulted in a predictive model of oil source families that could be applied to samples of unknown origin.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115210","collaboration":"In cooperation with the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management","usgsCitation":"Lorenson, T., Leifer, I., Wong, F.L., Rosenbauer, R.J., Campbell, P.L., Lam, A., Hostettler, F.D., Greinert, J., Finlayson, D.P., Bradley, E.S., and Luyendyk, B.P., 2011, Biomarker chemistry and flux quantification methods for natural petroleum seeps and produced oils, offshore southern California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5210, v, 42 p.; Appendix; Tables 1-4 Folder; Readme TXT; Metadata Folder; KMZ Download of Google Earth; ZIP Download of GIS Data Package, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115210.","productDescription":"v, 42 p.; Appendix; Tables 1-4 Folder; Readme TXT; Metadata Folder; KMZ Download of Google Earth; ZIP Download of GIS Data Package","startPage":"i","endPage":"45","numberOfPages":"50","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204735,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5210.gif"},{"id":204721,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5210/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f188e4b0c8380cd4ac9d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lorenson, T.D. tlorenson@usgs.gov","contributorId":2622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorenson","given":"T.D.","email":"tlorenson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":356641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leifer, Ira","contributorId":57988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leifer","given":"Ira","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wong, Florence L. 0000-0002-3918-5896 fwong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3918-5896","contributorId":1990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wong","given":"Florence","email":"fwong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rosenbauer, Robert J. brosenbauer@usgs.gov","contributorId":204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenbauer","given":"Robert","email":"brosenbauer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Campbell, Pamela L.","contributorId":76719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"Pamela","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lam, Angela","contributorId":37312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lam","given":"Angela","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hostettler, Frances D. fdhostet@usgs.gov","contributorId":3383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hostettler","given":"Frances","email":"fdhostet@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":356642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Greinert, Jens","contributorId":101809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greinert","given":"Jens","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Finlayson, David P. dfinlayson@usgs.gov","contributorId":1381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finlayson","given":"David","email":"dfinlayson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Bradley, Eliza S.","contributorId":30727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Eliza","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Luyendyk, Bruce P.","contributorId":100942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luyendyk","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70006144,"text":"70006144 - 2011 - Daily MODIS data trends of hurricane-induced forest impact and early recovery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-03T09:33:33","indexId":"70006144","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-26T16:20:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Daily MODIS data trends of hurricane-induced forest impact and early recovery","docAbstract":"We studied the use of daily satellite data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensors to assess wetland forest damage and recovery from Hurricane Katrina (29 August 2005 landfall). Processed MODIS daily vegetation index (VI) trends were consistent with previously determined impact and recovery patterns provided by the \"snapshot\" 25 m Landsat Thematic Mapper optical and RADARSAT-1 synthetic aperture radar satellite data. Phenological trends showed high 2004 and 2005 pre-hurricane temporal correspondence within bottomland hardwood forest communities, except during spring green-up, and temporal dissimilarity between these hardwoods and nearby cypress-tupelo swamp forests (<i>Taxodium distichum</i> [baldcypress] and <i>Nyssa aquatica</i> [water tupelo]). MODIS VI trend analyses established that one year after impact, cypress-tupelo and lightly impacted hardwood forests had recovered to near pre-hurricane conditions. In contrast, canopy recovery lagged in the moderately and severely damaged hardwood forests, possibly reflecting regeneration of pre-hurricane species and stand-level replacement by invasive trees.","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, Maryland","doi":"10.14358/PERS.77.11.1133","usgsCitation":"Ramsey, E., Spruce, J., Rangoonwala, A., Suzuoki, Y., Smoot, J., Gasser, J., and Bannister, T., 2011, Daily MODIS data trends of hurricane-induced forest impact and early recovery: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 77, no. 11, p. 1133-1143, https://doi.org/10.14358/PERS.77.11.1133.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1133","endPage":"1143","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474756,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.14358/pers.77.11.1133","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":204834,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Pearl River Wildlife Management Area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -89.78302001953125,\n              30.129687671492565\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.53582763671875,\n              30.129687671492565\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.53582763671875,\n              30.39656853856939\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.78302001953125,\n              30.39656853856939\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.78302001953125,\n              30.129687671492565\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"77","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fd58e4b0c8380cd4e7b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ramsey, Elijah W. 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,{"id":70005591,"text":"70005591 - 2011 - DNA-based detection of the fungal pathogen <i>Geomyces destructans</i> in soil from bat hibernacula","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-24T11:35:57","indexId":"70005591","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-26T16:03:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2798,"text":"Mycologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"DNA-based detection of the fungal pathogen <i>Geomyces destructans</i> in soil from bat hibernacula","docAbstract":"<p>White-nose syndrome (WNS) is an emerging disease causing unprecedented morbidity and mortality among bats in eastern North America. The disease is characterized by cutaneous infection of hibernating bats by the psychrophilic fungus <i>Geomyces destructans</i>. Detection of <i>G. destructans</i> in environments occupied by bats will be critical for WNS surveillance, management and characterization of the fungal lifecycle. We initiated an rRNA gene region-based molecular survey to characterize the distribution of <i>G. destructans</i> in soil samples collected from bat hibernacula in the eastern United States with an existing PCR test. Although this test did not specifically detect <i>G. destructans</i> in soil samples based on a presence/absence metric, it did favor amplification of DNA from putative <i>Geomyces</i> species. Cloning and sequencing of PCR products amplified from 24 soil samples revealed 74 unique sequence variants representing 12 clades. Clones with exact sequence matches to <i>G. destructans</i> were identified in three of 19 soil samples from hibernacula in states where WNS is known to occur. <i>Geomyces destructans</i> was not identified in an additional five samples collected outside the region where WNS has been documented. This study highlights the diversity of putative <i>Geomyces</i> spp. in soil from bat hibernacula and indicates that further research is needed to better define the taxonomy of this genus and to develop enhanced diagnostic tests for rapid and specific detection of <i>G. destructans</i> in environmental samples.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Mycological Society of America","doi":"10.3852/10-262","usgsCitation":"Lindner, D.L., Gargas, A., Lorch, J.M., Banik, M.T., Glaeser, J., Kunz, T.H., and Blehert, D., 2011, DNA-based detection of the fungal pathogen <i>Geomyces destructans</i> in soil from bat hibernacula: Mycologia, v. 103, no. 2, p. 241-246, https://doi.org/10.3852/10-262.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"241","endPage":"246","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health 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 \"}}]}","volume":"103","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fd4fe4b0c8380cd4e770","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lindner, Daniel L.","contributorId":7411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindner","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gargas, Andrea","contributorId":101805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gargas","given":"Andrea","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lorch, Jeffrey M. 0000-0003-2239-1252 jlorch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2239-1252","contributorId":5565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorch","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jlorch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":352896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Banik, Mark T.","contributorId":95608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banik","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Glaeser, Jessie","contributorId":37471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glaeser","given":"Jessie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kunz, Thomas H.","contributorId":73325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kunz","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Blehert, David S. 0000-0002-1065-9760 dblehert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1065-9760","contributorId":1816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blehert","given":"David S.","email":"dblehert@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":352895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70007121,"text":"70007121 - 2011 - Contamination of nonylphenolic compounds in creek water, wastewater treatment plant effluents, and sediments from Lake Shihwa and vicinity, Korea: Comparison with fecal pollution","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-14T15:18:25","indexId":"70007121","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-26T15:28:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1226,"text":"Chemosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contamination of nonylphenolic compounds in creek water, wastewater treatment plant effluents, and sediments from Lake Shihwa and vicinity, Korea: Comparison with fecal pollution","docAbstract":"Nonylphenolic compounds (NPs), coprostanol (COP), and cholestanol, major contaminants in industrial and domestic wastewaters, were analyzed in creek water, wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent, and sediment samples from artificial Lake Shihwa and its vicinity, one of the most industrialized regions in Korea. We also determined mass discharge of NPs and COP, a fecal sterol, into the lake, to understand the linkage between discharge and sediment contamination. Total NP (the sum of nonylphenol, and nonylphenol mono- and di-ethoxylates) were 0.32&ndash;875 &mu;g L<sup>-1</sup> in creeks, 0.61&ndash;87.0 &mu;g L<sup>-1</sup> in WWTP effluents, and 29.3&ndash;230 &mu;g g<sup>-1</sup> TOC in sediments. Concentrations of COP were 0.09&ndash;19.0 &mu;g L<sup>-1</sup> in creeks, 0.11&ndash;44.0 &mu;g L<sup>-1</sup> in WWTP effluents, and 2.51&ndash;438 &mu;g g<sup>-1</sup> TOC in sediments. The spatial distributions of NPs in creeks and sediments from the inshore region were different from those of COP, suggesting that Lake Shihwa contamination patterns from industrial effluents differ from those from domestic effluents. The mass discharge from the combined outfall of the WWTPs, located in the offshore region, was 2.27 kg d<sup>-1</sup> for NPs and 1.00 kg d<sup>-1</sup> for COP, accounting for 91% and 95% of the total discharge into Lake Shihwa, respectively. The highest concentrations of NPs and COP in sediments were found in samples at sites near the submarine outfall of the WWTPs, indicating that the submarine outfall is an important point source of wastewater pollution in Lake Shihwa.","largerWorkTitle":"Chemosphere","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.08.016","usgsCitation":"Choi, M., Furlong, E.T., Moon, H., Yu, J., and Choi, H., 2011, Contamination of nonylphenolic compounds in creek water, wastewater treatment plant effluents, and sediments from Lake Shihwa and vicinity, Korea: Comparison with fecal pollution: Chemosphere, v. 85, no. 8, p. 1406-1413, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.08.016.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1406","endPage":"1413","costCenters":[{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204824,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"South Korea","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[128.34972,38.61224],[129.21292,37.43239],[129.46045,36.78419],[129.4683,35.63214],[129.09138,35.08248],[128.18585,34.89038],[127.38652,34.47567],[126.48575,34.39005],[126.37392,34.93456],[126.55923,35.68454],[126.1174,36.72548],[126.86014,36.89392],[126.17476,37.74969],[126.23734,37.84038],[126.68372,37.80477],[127.07331,38.25611],[127.78004,38.30454],[128.20575,38.3704],[128.34972,38.61224]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"South Korea\"}}]}","volume":"85","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fa47e4b0c8380cd4da02","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Choi, Minkyu","contributorId":80422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Choi","given":"Minkyu","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Furlong, Edward T. 0000-0002-7305-4603 efurlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7305-4603","contributorId":740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Furlong","given":"Edward","email":"efurlong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5046,"text":"Branch of Analytical Serv (NWQL)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moon, Hyo-Bang","contributorId":45838,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moon","given":"Hyo-Bang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yu, Jun","contributorId":25704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yu","given":"Jun","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Choi, Hee-Gu","contributorId":91989,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Choi","given":"Hee-Gu","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70006349,"text":"70006349 - 2011 - Causes and implications of the correlation between forest productivity and tree mortality rates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-05T17:16:01","indexId":"70006349","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-26T15:12:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1459,"text":"Ecological Monographs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Causes and implications of the correlation between forest productivity and tree mortality rates","docAbstract":"<p>At global and regional scales, tree mortality rates are positively correlated with forest net primary productivity (NPP). Yet causes of the correlation are unknown, in spite of potentially profound implications for our understanding of environmental controls of forest structure and dynamics and, more generally, our understanding of broad-scale environmental controls of population dynamics and ecosystem processes. Here we seek to shed light on the causes of geographic patterns in tree mortality rates, and we consider some implications of the positive correlation between mortality rates and NPP. To reach these ends, we present seven hypotheses potentially explaining the correlation, develop an approach to help distinguish among the hypotheses, and apply the approach in a case study comparing a tropical and temperate forest.</p>\n<p>Based on our case study and literature synthesis, we conclude that no single mechanism controls geographic patterns of tree mortality rates. At least four different mechanisms may be at play, with the dominant mechanisms depending on whether the underlying productivity gradients are caused by climate or soil fertility. Two of the mechanisms are consequences of environmental selection for certain combinations of life-history traits, reflecting trade-offs between growth and defense (along edaphic productivity gradients) and between reproduction and persistence (as manifested in the adult tree stature continuum along climatic and edaphic gradients). The remaining two mechanisms are consequences of environmental influences on the nature and strength of ecological interactions: competition (along edaphic gradients) and pressure from plant enemies (along climatic gradients).</p>\n<p>For only one of these four mechanisms, competition, can high mortality rates be considered to be a relatively direct consequence of high NPP. The remaining mechanisms force us to adopt a different view of causality, in which tree growth rates and probability of mortality can vary with at least a degree of independence along productivity gradients. In many cases, rather than being a direct cause of high mortality rates, NPP may remain high in spite of high mortality rates. The independent influence of plant enemies and other factors helps explain why forest biomass can show little correlation, or even negative correlation, with forest NPP.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Monographs","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Ithaca, NY","doi":"10.1890/10-1077.1","usgsCitation":"Stephenson, N.L., van Mantgem, P.J., Bunn, A.G., Bruner, H., Harmon, M.E., O’Connell, K.B., Urban, D., and Franklin, J., 2011, Causes and implications of the correlation between forest productivity and tree mortality rates: Ecological Monographs, v. 81, no. 4, p. 527-555, https://doi.org/10.1890/10-1077.1.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"527","endPage":"555","numberOfPages":"29","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474757,"rank":101,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/10-1077.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":204827,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":204821,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/10-1077.1","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"81","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f3d1e4b0c8380cd4b9a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stephenson, Nathan L. 0000-0003-0208-7229 nstephenson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0208-7229","contributorId":2836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephenson","given":"Nathan","email":"nstephenson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"van Mantgem, Philip J.","contributorId":78199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Mantgem","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bunn, Andrew G.","contributorId":100248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunn","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bruner, Howard","contributorId":35191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bruner","given":"Howard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Harmon, Mark E.","contributorId":96961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harmon","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"O’Connell, Kari B.","contributorId":24634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Connell","given":"Kari","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Urban, Dean L.","contributorId":10674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Urban","given":"Dean L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Franklin, Jerry F.","contributorId":101939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franklin","given":"Jerry F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70006306,"text":"70006306 - 2011 - Calcite growth-rate inhibition by fulvic acids isolated from Big Soda Lake, Nevada, USA, the Suwannee River, Georgia, USA and by polycarboxylic acids","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-14T15:34:58","indexId":"70006306","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-26T14:29:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":791,"text":"Annals of Environmental Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Calcite growth-rate inhibition by fulvic acids isolated from Big Soda Lake, Nevada, USA, the Suwannee River, Georgia, USA and by polycarboxylic acids","docAbstract":"Calcite crystallization rates are characterized using a constant solution composition at 25&deg;C, pH=8.5, and calcite supersaturation (&#937;) of 4.5 in the absence and presence of fulvic acids isolated from Big Soda Lake, Nevada (BSLFA), and a fulvic acid from the Suwannee River, Georgia (SRFA). Rates are also measured in the presence and absence of low-molar mass, aliphatic-alicyclic polycarboxylic acids (PCA). BSLFA inhibits calcite crystal-growth rates with increasing BSLFA concentration, suggesting that BSLFA adsorbs at growth sites on the calcite crystal surface. Calcite growth morphology in the presence of BSLFA differed from growth in its absence, supporting an adsorption mechanism of calcite-growth inhibition by BSLFA. Calcite growth-rate inhibition by BSLFA is consistent with a model indicating that polycarboxylic acid molecules present in BSLFA adsorb at growth sites on the calcite crystal surface. In contrast to published results for an unfractionated SRFA, there is dramatic calcite growth inhibition (at a concentration of 1 mg/L) by a SRFA fraction eluted by pH 5 solution from XAD-8 resin, indicating that calcite growth-rate inhibition is related to specific SRFA component fractions. A cyclic PCA, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6-cyclohexane hexacarboxylic acid (CHXHCA) is a strong calcite growth-rate inhibitor at concentrations less than 0.1 mg/L. Two other cyclic PCAs, 1, 1 cyclopentanedicarboxylic acid (CPDCA) and 1, 1 cyclobutanedicarboxylic acid (CBDCA) with the carboxylic acid groups attached to the same ring carbon atom, have no effect on calcite growth rates up to concentrations of 10 mg/L. Organic matter ad-sorbed from the air onto the seed crystals has no effect on the measured calcite crystal-growth rates.","language":"English","publisher":"IRis","usgsCitation":"Reddy, M.M., and Leenheer, J., 2011, Calcite growth-rate inhibition by fulvic acids isolated from Big Soda Lake, Nevada, USA, the Suwannee River, Georgia, USA and by polycarboxylic acids: Annals of Environmental Science, v. 5, no. 1, p. 41-53.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"41","endPage":"53","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":145,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Central Region","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204826,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":204818,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2047/d20001085","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United 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,{"id":70006218,"text":"70006218 - 2011 - By land and by sea: The widespread threat of feral cats on Hawaiian wildlife","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-15T10:13:11","indexId":"70006218","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-26T14:16:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3587,"text":"The Wildlife Professional","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"By land and by sea: The widespread threat of feral cats on Hawaiian wildlife","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Wildlife Professional","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MD","usgsCitation":"Hess, S., 2011, By land and by sea: The widespread threat of feral cats on Hawaiian wildlife: The Wildlife Professional, v. 5, no. 1, p. 66-67.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"66","endPage":"67","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204825,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":204817,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://issuu.com/the-wildlife-professional/docs/feralcats","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","volume":"5","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f2bee4b0c8380cd4b32e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hess, Steven C.","contributorId":74462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hess","given":"Steven C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70006286,"text":"70006286 - 2011 - Assessing possible visitor-use impacts on water quality in Yosemite National Park, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T13:23:25","indexId":"70006286","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-26T13:08:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing possible visitor-use impacts on water quality in Yosemite National Park, California","docAbstract":"There is concern that visitor-use associated activities, such as bathing, dish washing, wastewater production, and stock animal use near lakes and streams, could cause degradation of water quality in Yosemite National Park. A study was conducted during 2004&ndash;2007 to assess patterns in nutrient and <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>) concentrations in the Merced and Tuolumne Rivers and characterize natural background concentrations of nutrients in the park. Results indicated that nutrient and <i>E. coli</i> concentrations were low, even compared to other undeveloped sites in the United States. A multiple linear regression approach was used to model natural background concentrations of nutrients, with basin characteristics as explanatory variables. Modeled nitrogen concentrations increased with elevation, and modeled phosphorus concentrations increased with basin size. Observed concentrations (&plusmn;uncertainty) were compared to modeled concentrations (&plusmn;uncertainty) to identify sites that might be impacted by point sources of nutrients, as indicated by large model residuals. Statistically significant differences in observed and modeled concentrations were observed at only a few locations, indicating that most sites were representative of natural background conditions. The empirical modeling approach used in this study can be used to estimate natural background conditions at any point along a study reach in areas minimally impacted by development, and may be useful for setting water-quality standards in many national parks.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s10661-011-1915-z","usgsCitation":"Clow, D.W., Peavler, R.S., Roche, J., Panorska, A.K., Thomas, J., and Smith, S., 2011, Assessing possible visitor-use impacts on water quality in Yosemite National Park, California: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 183, no. 1, p. 197-215, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-011-1915-z.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"197","endPage":"215","temporalStart":"2004-01-01","temporalEnd":"2007-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204831,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Yosemite National Park","volume":"183","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-02-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eddde4b0c8380cd49a70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clow, David W. 0000-0001-6183-4824 dwclow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6183-4824","contributorId":1671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clow","given":"David","email":"dwclow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peavler, Rachael S.","contributorId":84907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peavler","given":"Rachael","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roche, Jim","contributorId":35073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roche","given":"Jim","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Panorska, Anna K.","contributorId":60774,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Panorska","given":"Anna","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thomas, James M.","contributorId":97880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"James M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Smith, Steve","contributorId":64806,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Steve","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70009626,"text":"70009626 - 2011 - The greenhouse gas flux and potential global warming feedbacks of a northern macrotidal and microtidal salt marsh","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-05T17:16:01","indexId":"70009626","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-26T12:39:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1562,"text":"Environmental Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The greenhouse gas flux and potential global warming feedbacks of a northern macrotidal and microtidal salt marsh","docAbstract":"Conversion of wetlands by drainage for agriculture or other anthropogenic activities could have a negative or positive feedback to global warming (GWF). We suggest that a major predictor of the GWF is salinity of the wetland soil (a proxy for available sulfate), a factor often ignored in other studies. We assess the radiative balance of two northern salt marshes with average soil salinities > 20 ppt, but with high (macro-) and low (micro-) tidal amplitudes. The flux of greenhouse gases from soils at the end of the growing season averaged 485 &plusmn; 253 mg m<sup>-2</sup> h<sup>-1</sup>, 13 &plusmn; 30 &mu;g m<sup>-2</sup> h<sup>-1</sup>, and 19 &plusmn; 58 &mu;g m<sup>-2</sup> h<sup>-1</sup> in the microtidal marsh and 398 &plusmn; 201 mg m<sup>-2</sup> h<sup>-1</sup>, 2 &plusmn; 26 &mu;g m<sup>-2</sup> h<sup>-1</sup>, and 35 &plusmn; 77 &mu;g m<sup>-2</sup> h<sup>-1</sup> in the macrotidal marsh for CO<sub>2</sub>, N<sub>2</sub>O, and CH<sub>4</sub>, respectively. High rates of C sequestration mean that loss of these marshes would have a radiative balance of - 981 CO<sub>2</sub>_eq. m<sup>-2</sup> yr<sup>-1</sup> in the microtidal and - 567 CO<sub>2</sub>_eq. m<sup>-2</sup> yr<sup>-1</sup> in the macrotidal marsh.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"IOP Publishing","publisherLocation":"Philadelphia, PA","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/6/4/044016","usgsCitation":"Chmura, G.L., Kellman, L., and Guntenspergen, G.R., 2011, The greenhouse gas flux and potential global warming feedbacks of a northern macrotidal and microtidal salt marsh: Environmental Research Letters, v. 6, no. 4, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/6/4/044016.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"044016","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474758,"rank":101,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/6/4/044016","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":204811,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":204810,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/6/4/044016","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"6","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-11-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bac9de4b08c986b323601","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chmura, Gail L.","contributorId":59938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chmura","given":"Gail","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kellman, Lisa","contributorId":20066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kellman","given":"Lisa","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Guntenspergen, Glenn R. 0000-0002-8593-0244 glenn_guntenspergen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8593-0244","contributorId":2885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guntenspergen","given":"Glenn","email":"glenn_guntenspergen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70007530,"text":"ds634 - 2011 - Summary of suspended-sediment concentration data, San Francisco Bay, California, water year 2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-30T12:41:57","indexId":"ds634","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-24T21:17:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"634","title":"Summary of suspended-sediment concentration data, San Francisco Bay, California, water year 2008","docAbstract":"Suspended-sediment concentration data were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in San Francisco Bay during water year 2008 (October 1, 2007&ndash;September 30, 2008). Optical sensors and water samples were used to monitor suspended-sediment concentration at two sites in Suisun Bay, two sites in Central San Francisco Bay, and one site in South San Francisco Bay. Sensors were positioned at two depths at most sites to help define the vertical variability of suspended sediments. Water samples were collected periodically and analyzed for concentrations of suspended sediment. The results of the analyses were used to calibrate the output of the optical sensors so that a record of suspended-sediment concentrations could be derived. This report presents the data-collection methods used and summarizes, in graphs, the suspended-sediment concentration data collected from October 2007 through September 2008. Calibration curves and plots of the processed data for each sensor also are presented.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds634","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, San Francisco District","usgsCitation":"Buchanan, P.A., and Morgan, T., 2011, Summary of suspended-sediment concentration data, San Francisco Bay, California, water year 2008: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 634, vi, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds634.","productDescription":"vi, 28 p.","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":115891,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/634/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":204628,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_634.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay;Sacramento-san Joaquin River Delta","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.58333333333333,37.36666666666667 ], [ -122.58333333333333,38.166666666666664 ], [ -121.75,38.166666666666664 ], [ -121.75,37.36666666666667 ], [ -122.58333333333333,37.36666666666667 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9ee5e4b08c986b31e1dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buchanan, Paul A. 0000-0002-4796-4734 buchanan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4796-4734","contributorId":1018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buchanan","given":"Paul","email":"buchanan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morgan, Tara L. 0000-0001-5632-5232","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5632-5232","contributorId":29124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan","given":"Tara L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70007493,"text":"sir20115234 - 2011 - Regional water table (2010) in the Mojave River and Morongo Groundwater basins, southwestern Mojave Desert, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-15T13:57:43.490389","indexId":"sir20115234","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5234","title":"Regional water table (2010) in the Mojave River and Morongo Groundwater basins, southwestern Mojave Desert, California","docAbstract":"Since 1992, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Mojave Water Agency (MWA), has constructed a series of regional water-table maps for intermittent years in a continuing effort to monitor groundwater conditions in the Mojave River and Morongo groundwater basins. The previously published data, which were used to construct these maps, can be accessed on the interactive map. The associated reports describing the groundwater conditions for the Mojave River groundwater basin for 1992 (Stamos and Predmore, 1995), the Morongo groundwater basin for 1994 (Trayler and Koczot, 1995), and for both groundwater basins for 1996 (Mendez and Christensen, 1997); for 1998 (Smith and Pimentel, 2000), for 2000 (Smith, 2002), for 2002 (Smith and others, 2004), for 2004 (Stamos and others, 2004), for 2006 (Stamos and others, 2007), and for 2008 (Stamos and others, 2009) can be accessed using this web site. Mapping of water-level contours and water-level change were combined in an interactive map. This interactive map may be customized to your needs and viewed at a scale that is appropriate for the data.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115234","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Mojave Water Agency","usgsCitation":"Smith, G.A., Stamos, C., Glockhoff, C.S., House, S., and Clark, D.A., 2011, Regional water table (2010) in the Mojave River and Morongo Groundwater basins, southwestern Mojave Desert, California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5234, HTML Document; Metadata, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115234.","productDescription":"HTML Document; Metadata","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273116,"rank":2,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/cont2010.xml"},{"id":115884,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5234/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":116396,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5234.png"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Sacramento","otherGeospatial":"Mojave River, Morongo Groundwater Basins, Southwestern Mojave Desert","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a497e4b0e8fec6cdbbac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Gregory A. 0000-0001-8170-9924 gasmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8170-9924","contributorId":1520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Gregory","email":"gasmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":356481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stamos, Christina L. 0000-0002-1007-9352","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1007-9352","contributorId":19593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stamos","given":"Christina L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Glockhoff, Carolyn S.","contributorId":19639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glockhoff","given":"Carolyn","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"House, Sally F. 0000-0002-3398-4742","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3398-4742","contributorId":17369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"House","given":"Sally F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Clark, Dennis A. daclark@usgs.gov","contributorId":1477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Dennis","email":"daclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":356480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70007517,"text":"70007517 - 2011 - Subsurface transport of orthophosphate in five agricultural watersheds, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:42","indexId":"70007517","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-19T17:15:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Subsurface transport of orthophosphate in five agricultural watersheds, USA","docAbstract":"Concentrations of dissolved orthophosphate (ortho P) in the unsaturated zone, groundwater, tile drains, and groundwater/stream water interfaces were assessed in five agricultural watersheds to determine the potential for subsurface transport. Concentrations of iron oxides were measured in the aquifer material and adsorption of ortho P on oxide surfaces was assessed by geochemical modeling. Attenuation of ortho P in these aquifers was attributed primarily to sorption onto iron oxides, and in one location onto clay minerals. Only one location showed a clear indication of phosphorus transport to a stream from groundwater discharge, although groundwater did contribute to the stream load elsewhere. Subsurface ortho P movement at a site in California resulted in a plume down gradient from orchards, which was attenuated by a 200 m thick riparian zone with natural vegetation. Iron oxides had an effect on phosphorus movement and concentrations at all locations, and groundwater chemistry, especially pH, exerted a major control on the amount of phosphorus adsorbed. Groundwater pH at a site in Maryland was below 5 and that resulted in complete sequestration of phosphorus and no movement toward the stream. Geochemical modeling indicated that as the surfaces approached saturation, groundwater concentrations of ortho P rise rapidly.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.08.014","usgsCitation":"Domagalski, J.L., and Johnson, H.M., 2011, Subsurface transport of orthophosphate in five agricultural watersheds, USA: Journal of Hydrology, v. 409, no. 1-2, p. 157-171, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.08.014.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"157","endPage":"171","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204729,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":204713,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.08.014","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"409","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9d92e4b08c986b31d915","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Domagalski, Joseph L. 0000-0002-6032-757X joed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6032-757X","contributorId":1330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Domagalski","given":"Joseph","email":"joed@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Henry M. 0000-0002-7571-4994","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7571-4994","contributorId":105291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Henry","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70007519,"text":"70007519 - 2011 - Taking the pulse of snowmelt: in situ sensors reveal seasonal, event and diurnal patterns of nitrate and dissolved organic matter variability in an upland forest stream","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:42","indexId":"70007519","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-19T16:49:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1007,"text":"Biogeochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Taking the pulse of snowmelt: in situ sensors reveal seasonal, event and diurnal patterns of nitrate and dissolved organic matter variability in an upland forest stream","docAbstract":"Highly resolved time series data are useful to accurately identify the timing, rate, and magnitude of solute transport in streams during hydrologically dynamic periods such as snowmelt. We used in situ optical sensors for nitrate (NO3<sup>-</sup>) and chromophoric dissolved organic matter fluorescence (FDOM) to measure surface water concentrations at 30 min intervals over the snowmelt period (March 21&ndash;May 13, 2009) at a 40.5 hectare forested watershed at Sleepers River, Vermont. We also collected discrete samples for laboratory absorbance and fluorescence as well as &delta;<sup>18</sup>O&ndash;NO3<sup>-</sup> isotopes to help interpret the drivers of variable NO3<sup>-</sup> and FDOM concentrations measured in situ. In situ data revealed seasonal, event and diurnal patterns associated with hydrological and biogeochemical processes regulating stream NO3<sup>-</sup> and FDOM concentrations. An observed decrease in NO3<sup>-</sup> concentrations after peak snowmelt runoff and muted response to spring rainfall was consistent with the flushing of a limited supply of NO3<sup>-</sup> (mainly from nitrification) from source areas in surficial soils. Stream FDOM concentrations were coupled with flow throughout the study period, suggesting a strong hydrologic control on DOM concentrations in the stream. However, higher FDOM concentrations per unit streamflow after snowmelt likely reflected a greater hydraulic connectivity of the stream to leachable DOM sources in upland soils. We also observed diurnal NO3<sup>-</sup> variability of 1&ndash;2 &mu;mol l<sup>-1</sup> after snowpack ablation, presumably due to in-stream uptake prior to leafout. A comparison of NO3<sup>-</sup> and dissolved organic carbon yields (DOC, measured by FDOM proxy) calculated from weekly discrete samples and in situ data sub-sampled daily resulted in small to moderate differences over the entire study period (-4 to 1% for NO3<sup>-</sup> and -3 to -14% for DOC), but resulted in much larger differences for daily yields (-66 to +27% for NO3<sup>-</sup> and -88 to +47% for DOC, respectively). Despite challenges inherent in in situ sensor deployments in harsh seasonal conditions, these data provide important insights into processes controlling NO3<sup>-</sup> and FDOM in streams, and will be critical for evaluating the effects of climate change on snowmelt delivery to downstream ecosystems.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biogeochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s10533-011-9589-8","usgsCitation":"Pellerin, B., Saraceno, J., Shanley, J.B., Sebestyen, S.D., Aiken, G.R., Wollheim, W., and Bergamaschi, B., 2011, Taking the pulse of snowmelt: in situ sensors reveal seasonal, event and diurnal patterns of nitrate and dissolved organic matter variability in an upland forest stream: Biogeochemistry, v. 108, no. 1-3, p. 183-198, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-011-9589-8.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"183","endPage":"198","numberOfPages":"16","temporalStart":"2009-03-21","temporalEnd":"2009-05-13","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204727,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":204712,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10533-011-9589-8","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Vermont","otherGeospatial":"Sleepers River","volume":"108","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba3bee4b08c986b31fe71","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pellerin, Brian A.","contributorId":58385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pellerin","given":"Brian A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Saraceno, John Franco 0000-0003-0064-1820","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0064-1820","contributorId":71686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saraceno","given":"John Franco","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shanley, James B. 0000-0002-4234-3437 jshanley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4234-3437","contributorId":1953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanley","given":"James","email":"jshanley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sebestyen, Stephen D.","contributorId":107562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sebestyen","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Aiken, George R. 0000-0001-8454-0984 graiken@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8454-0984","contributorId":1322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"George","email":"graiken@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wollheim, Wilfred M.","contributorId":104758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wollheim","given":"Wilfred M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bergamaschi, Brian A. 0000-0002-9610-5581","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9610-5581","contributorId":73241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergamaschi","given":"Brian A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70007474,"text":"70007474 - 2011 - Nutrient loadings to streams of the continental United States from municipal and industrial effluent?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-28T15:47:43","indexId":"70007474","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nutrient loadings to streams of the continental United States from municipal and industrial effluent?","docAbstract":"Data from the United States Environmental Protection Agency Permit Compliance System national database were used to calculate annual total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) loads to surface waters from municipal and industrial facilities in six major regions of the United States for 1992, 1997, and 2002. Concentration and effluent flow data were examined for approximately 118,250 facilities in 45 states and the District of Columbia. Inconsistent and incomplete discharge locations, effluent flows, and effluent nutrient concentrations limited the use of these data for calculating nutrient loads. More concentrations were reported for major facilities, those discharging more than 1 million gallons per day, than for minor facilities, and more concentrations were reported for TP than for TN. Analytical methods to check and improve the quality of the Permit Compliance System data were used. Annual loads were calculated using \"typical pollutant concentrations\" to supplement missing concentrations based on the type and size of facilities. Annual nutrient loads for over 26,600 facilities were calculated for at least one of the three years. Sewage systems represented 74% of all TN loads and 58% of all TP loads. This work represents an initial set of data to develop a comprehensive and consistent national database of point-source nutrient loads. These loads can be used to inform a wide range of water-quality management, watershed modeling, and research efforts at multiple scales.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","publisherLocation":"Middleburg, VA","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00576.x","usgsCitation":"Maupin, M.A., and Ivahnenko, T., 2011, Nutrient loadings to streams of the continental United States from municipal and industrial effluent?: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 47, no. 5, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00576.x.","numberOfPages":"5","temporalStart":"1992-01-01","temporalEnd":"2002-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474759,"rank":101,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3307619","text":"External Repository"},{"id":204726,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":204715,"rank":100,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00576.x","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","volume":"47","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6989e4b0c8380cd73da5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maupin, Molly A. 0000-0002-2695-5505 mamaupin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2695-5505","contributorId":951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maupin","given":"Molly","email":"mamaupin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ivahnenko, Tamara 0000-0002-1124-7688 ivahnenk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1124-7688","contributorId":93524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ivahnenko","given":"Tamara","email":"ivahnenk@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70007430,"text":"sir20115111 - 2011 - Hydrology, phosphorus, and suspended solids in five agricultural streams in the Lower Fox River and Green Bay Watersheds, Wisconsin, Water Years 2004-06","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-06T12:29:15","indexId":"sir20115111","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-15T09:06:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5111","title":"Hydrology, phosphorus, and suspended solids in five agricultural streams in the Lower Fox River and Green Bay Watersheds, Wisconsin, Water Years 2004-06","docAbstract":"A 3-year study was conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey and the University of Wisconsin-Green Bay to characterize water quality in agricultural streams in the Fox/Wolf watershed in northeastern Wisconsin and provide information to assist in the calibration of a watershed model for the area. Streamflow, phosphorus, and suspended solids data were collected between October 1, 2003, and September 30, 2006, in five streams, including Apple Creek, Ashwaubenon Creek, Baird Creek, Duck Creek, and the East River. During this study, total annual precipitation was close to the 30-year normal of 29.12 inches. The 3-year mean streamflow was highest in the East River (113 ft<sup>3</sup>/s), followed by Duck Creek (58.2 ft<sup>3</sup>/s), Apple Creek (26.9 ft<sup>3</sup>/s), Baird Creek (12.8 ft<sup>3</sup>/s), and Ashwaubenon Creek (9.1 ft<sup>3</sup>/s). On a yield basis, during these three years, the East River had the highest flow (0.78 ft<sup>3</sup>/s/mi<sup>2</sup>), followed by Baird Creek (0.61 ft<sup>3</sup>/s/mi<sup>2</sup>), Apple Creek (0.59 ft<sup>3</sup>/s/mi<sup>2</sup>), Duck Creek (0.54 ft<sup>3</sup>/s/mi<sup>2</sup>), and Ashwaubenon Creek (0.46 ft<sup>3</sup>/s/mi<sup>2</sup>).</p> \n<p>The overall median total suspended solids (TSS) concentration was highest in Baird Creek (73.5 mg/L), followed by Apple and Ashwaubenon Creeks (65 mg/L), East River (40 mg/L), and Duck Creek (30 mg/L). The median total phosphorus (TP) concentration was highest in Ashwaubenon Creek (0.60 mg/L), followed by Baird Creek (0.47 mg/L), Apple Creek (0.37 mg/L), East River (0.26 mg/L), and Duck Creek (0.22 mg/L).</p>\n<p>The average annual TSS yields ranged from 111 tons/mi<sup>2</sup> in Apple Creek to 45 tons/mi2 in Duck Creek. All five watersheds yielded more TSS than the median value (32.4 tons/mi<sup>2</sup>) from previous studies in the Southeastern Wisconsin Till Plains (SWTP) ecoregion. The average annual TP yields ranged from 663 lbs/mi<sup>2</sup> in Baird Creek to 382 lbs/mi<sup>2</sup> in Duck Creek. All five watersheds yielded more TP than the median value from previous studies in the SWTP ecoregion, and the Baird Creek watershed yielded more TP than the statewide median of 650 lbs/mi<sup>2</sup> from previous studies.Overall, Duck Creek had the lowest median and volumetric weighted concentrations and mean yield of TSS and TP. The same pattern was true for dissolved phosphorus (DP), except the volumetrically weighted concentration was lowest in the East River. In contrast, Ashwaubenon, Baird, and Apple Creeks had greater median and volumetrically weighted concentrations and mean yields of TSS, TP, DP than Duck Creek and the East River. Water quality in Duck Creek and East River were distinctly different from Ashwaubenon, Baird, and Apple Creeks. Loads from individual runoff events for all of these streams were important to the total annual mass transport of the constituents. On average, about 20 percent of the annual TSS loads and about 17 percent of the TP loads were transported in 1-day events in each stream.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115111","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the University of Wisconsin-Green Bay","usgsCitation":"Graczyk, D., Robertson, D.M., Baumgart, P.D., and Fermanich, K., 2011, Hydrology, phosphorus, and suspended solids in five agricultural streams in the Lower Fox River and Green Bay Watersheds, Wisconsin, Water Years 2004-06: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5111, vi, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115111.","productDescription":"vi, 28 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204742,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5111.gif"},{"id":116345,"rank":0,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5111/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Lower Fox River Watershed;Green Bay Watershed","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a377ee4b0c8380cd60f10","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Graczyk, David J.","contributorId":107265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graczyk","given":"David J.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":356385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robertson, Dale M. 0000-0001-6799-0596 dzrobert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6799-0596","contributorId":150760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robertson","given":"Dale","email":"dzrobert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baumgart, Paul D.","contributorId":92423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baumgart","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fermanich, Kevin 0000-0002-5354-2941","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5354-2941","contributorId":63945,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fermanich","given":"Kevin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":35036,"text":"University of Wisconsin-Green Bay","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":356383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70007437,"text":"ds69W - 2011 - Assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources of the Williston Basin Province of North Dakota, Montana, and South Dakota, 2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-26T15:09:52","indexId":"ds69W","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"69","chapter":"W","title":"Assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources of the Williston Basin Province of North Dakota, Montana, and South Dakota, 2010","docAbstract":"Using a geology-based assessment method, the U.S. Geological Survey estimated mean undiscovered volumes of 3.8 billion barrels of undiscovered oil, 3.7 trillion cubic feet of associated/dissolved natural gas, and 0.2 billion barrels of undiscovered natural gas liquids in the Williston Basin Province, North Dakota, Montana, and South Dakota. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) recently completed a comprehensive oil and gas assessment of the Williston Basin, which encompasses more than 90 million acres in parts of North Dakota, eastern Montana, and northern South Dakota. The assessment is based on the geologic elements of each total petroleum system (TPS) defined in the province, including hydrocarbon source rocks (source-rock maturation, hydrocarbon generation, and migration), reservoir rocks (sequence stratigraphy and petrophysical properties), and hydrocarbon traps (trap formation and timing). Using this geologic framework, the USGS defined 11 TPS and 19 Assessment Units (AU).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds69W","collaboration":"Williston Basin Province Assessment Team","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey Williston Basin Province Assessment Team, 2011, Assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources of the Williston Basin Province of North Dakota, Montana, and South Dakota, 2010 (Version 1.1 November 2013): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 69, HTML Document; Read Me File; 7 Chapter Links; Spatial Data; ZIP Download of CD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds69W.","productDescription":"HTML Document; Read Me File; 7 Chapter Links; Spatial Data; ZIP Download of CD-ROM","temporalStart":"2010-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116349,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/DS_69_W.png"},{"id":115804,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds-069/dds-069-w/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota;Montana;North Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Williston Basin Province","edition":"Version 1.1 November 2013","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ee7ee4b0c8380cd49db0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"U.S. Geological Survey Williston Basin Province Assessment Team","contributorId":127951,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"U.S. Geological Survey Williston Basin Province Assessment Team","id":535137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70006019,"text":"70006019 - 2011 - Unmarked: An R package for fitting hierarchical models of wildlife occurrence and abundance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-17T15:28:58.553656","indexId":"70006019","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-12T18:59:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2465,"text":"Journal of Statistical Software","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Unmarked: An R package for fitting hierarchical models of wildlife occurrence and abundance","docAbstract":"<p><span>Ecological research uses data collection techniques that are prone to substantial and unique types of measurement error to address scientific questions about species abundance and distribution. These data collection schemes include a number of survey methods in which unmarked individuals are counted, or determined to be present, at spatially- referenced sites. Examples include site occupancy sampling, repeated counts, distance sampling, removal sampling, and double observer sampling. To appropriately analyze these data, hierarchical models have been developed to separately model explanatory variables of both a latent abundance or occurrence process and a conditional detection process. Because these models have a straightforward interpretation paralleling mechanisms under which the data arose, they have recently gained immense popularity. The common hierarchical structure of these models is well-suited for a unified modeling interface. The R package&nbsp;</span><strong>unmarked</strong><span>&nbsp;provides such a unified modeling framework, including tools for data exploration, model fitting, model criticism, post-hoc analysis, and model comparison.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Statistical Association","publisherLocation":"Alexandria, VA","doi":"10.18637/jss.v043.i10","usgsCitation":"Fiske, I.J., and Chandler, R.B., 2011, Unmarked: An R package for fitting hierarchical models of wildlife occurrence and abundance: Journal of Statistical Software, v. 43, no. 10, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v043.i10.","productDescription":"23 p.","numberOfPages":"23","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474760,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v043.i10","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":204564,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd352e4b08c986b32fce6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fiske, Ian J.","contributorId":96411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fiske","given":"Ian","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chandler, Richard B. rchandler@usgs.gov","contributorId":63524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chandler","given":"Richard","email":"rchandler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}