Understanding animal movement and resource selection provides important information about the ecology of the animal, but an animal's movement and behavior are not typically constant in time. We present a velocity-based approach for modeling animal movement in space and time that allows for temporal heterogeneity in an animal's response to the environment, allows for temporal irregularity in telemetry data, and accounts for the uncertainty in the location information. Population-level inference on movement patterns and resource selection can then be made through cluster analysis of the parameters related to movement and behavior. We illustrate this approach through a study of northern fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus) movement in the Bering Sea, Alaska, USA. Results show sex differentiation, with female northern fur seals exhibiting stronger response to environmental variables.
","largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0022795","usgsCitation":"Hanks, E., Hooten, M., Johnson, D., and Sterling, J.T., 2011, Velocity-based movement modeling for individual and population level inference: PLoS ONE, v. 6, no. 8, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022795.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"e22795","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":474772,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022795","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":204692,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Bering Sea","volume":"6","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc1fee4b08c986b32a889","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hanks, Ephraim M.","contributorId":104630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanks","given":"Ephraim M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hooten, Mevin 0000-0002-1614-723X mhooten@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1614-723X","contributorId":2958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooten","given":"Mevin","email":"mhooten@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":12963,"text":"Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Fort Collins, CO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":348201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Devin S.","contributorId":47524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Devin S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sterling, Jeremy T.","contributorId":29570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sterling","given":"Jeremy","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70004000,"text":"70004000 - 2011 - Vegetation history along the eastern, desert escarpment of the Sierra San Pedro Mártir, Baja California, Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-10T16:01:09","indexId":"70004000","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-29T13:20:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Vegetation history along the eastern, desert escarpment of the Sierra San Pedro Mártir, Baja California, Mexico","docAbstract":"Plant macrofossils from 38 packrat middens spanning the last ~ 33,000 cal yr BP record vegetation between ~ 650 and 900 m elevation along the eastern escarpment of the Sierra San Pedro Mártir, northern Baja California. The middens span most of the Holocene, with a gap between ~ 4600 and 1800 cal yr BP, but coverage in the Pleistocene is uneven with a larger hiatus between 23,100 and 14,400 cal yr BP. The midden flora is relatively stable from the Pleistocene to Holocene. Exceptions include Pinus californiarum, Juniperus californica and other chaparral elements that were most abundant > 23,100 cal yr BP and declined after 14,400 cal yr BP. Despite being near the chaparral/woodland-desertscrub ecotone during glacial times, the midden assemblages reflect none of the climatic reversals evident in the glacial or marine record, and this is corroborated by a nearby semi-continuous pollen stratigraphy from lake sediments. Regular appearance of C4 grasses and summer-flowering annuals since 13,600 cal yr BP indicates occurrence of summer rainfall equivalent to modern (JAS average of ~ 80–90 mm). This casts doubt on the claim, based on temperature proxies from marine sediments in the Guaymas Basin, that monsoonal development in the northern Gulf and Arizona was delayed until after 6200 cal yr BP.","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1016/j.yqres.2011.01.008","usgsCitation":"Holmgren, C.A., Betancourt, J.L., and Rylander, K., 2011, Vegetation history along the eastern, desert escarpment of the Sierra San Pedro Mártir, Baja California, Mexico: Quaternary Research, v. 75, no. 3, p. 647-657, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2011.01.008.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"647","endPage":"657","costCenters":[{"id":148,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Western Region","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204697,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Baja California, Sierra San Pedro Mártir","volume":"75","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc1d6e4b08c986b32a7b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holmgren, Camille A.","contributorId":75258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holmgren","given":"Camille","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Betancourt, Julio L. 0000-0002-7165-0743 jlbetanc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7165-0743","contributorId":3376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Betancourt","given":"Julio","email":"jlbetanc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":554,"text":"Science and Decisions Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":350087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rylander, Kate A.","contributorId":73324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rylander","given":"Kate A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70003977,"text":"70003977 - 2011 - Variability of albedo and utility of the MODIS albedo product in forested wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-07T00:10:04","indexId":"70003977","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-29T11:40:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variability of albedo and utility of the MODIS albedo product in forested wetlands","docAbstract":"Albedo was monitored over a two-year period (beginning April 2008) at three forested wetland sites in Florida, USA using up- and down-ward facing pyranometers. Water level, above and below land surface, is the primary control on the temporal variability of daily albedo. Relatively low reflectivity of water accounts for the observed reductions in albedo with increased inundation of the forest floor. Enhanced canopy shading of the forest floor was responsible for lower sensitivity of albedo to water level at the most dense forest site. At one site, the most dramatic reduction in daily albedo was observed during the inundation of a highly-reflective, calcareous periphyton-covered land surface. Satellite-based Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) estimates of albedo compare favorably with measured albedo. Use of MODIS albedo values in net radiation computations introduced a root mean squared error of less than 4.7 W/m2 and a mean, annual bias of less than 2.3 W/m2 (1.7%). These results suggest that MODIS-estimated albedo values can reliably be used to capture areal and temporal variations in albedo that are important to the surface energy balance.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wetlands","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s13157-011-0161-z","usgsCitation":"Sumner, D.M., Wu, Q., and Pathak, C.S., 2011, Variability of albedo and utility of the MODIS albedo product in forested wetlands: Wetlands, v. 31, no. 2, p. 229-237, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-011-0161-z.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"229","endPage":"237","temporalStart":"2008-04-01","temporalEnd":"2010-03-31","costCenters":[{"id":279,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center-Orlando","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":115772,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13157-011-0161-z","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":204694,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","volume":"31","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc134e4b08c986b32a4a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sumner, David M. 0000-0002-2144-9304 dmsumner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2144-9304","contributorId":1362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sumner","given":"David","email":"dmsumner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":156,"text":"Caribbean Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":270,"text":"FLWSC-Tampa","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":350006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wu, Qinglong","contributorId":63950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wu","given":"Qinglong","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pathak, Chandra S.","contributorId":84507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pathak","given":"Chandra","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70004029,"text":"70004029 - 2011 - Visualizing trace element distribution in quartz using cathodoluminescence, electron microprobe, and laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-04T13:30:25.838111","indexId":"70004029","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":738,"text":"American Mineralogist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Visualizing trace element distribution in quartz using cathodoluminescence, electron microprobe, and laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry","docAbstract":"Cathodoluminescent (CL) textures in quartz reveal successive histories of the physical and chemical fluctuations that accompany crystal growth. Such CL textures reflect trace element concentration variations that can be mapped by electron microprobe or laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). Trace element maps in hydrothermal quartz from four different ore deposit types (Carlin-type Au, epithermal Ag, porphyry-Cu, and MVT Pb-Zn) reveal correlations among trace elements and between trace element concentrations and CL textures. The distributions of trace elements reflect variations in the physical and chemical conditions of quartz precipitation. These maps show that Al is the most abundant trace element in hydrothermal quartz. In crystals grown at temperatures below 300 °C, Al concentrations may vary by up to two orders of magnitude between adjacent growth zones, with no evidence for diffusion. The monovalent cations Li, Na, and K, where detectable, always correlate with Al, with Li being the most abundant of the three. In most samples, Al is more abundant than the combined total of the monovalent cations; however, in the MVT sample, molar Al/Li ratios are ~0.8. Antimony is present in concentrations up to ~120 ppm in epithermal quartz (~200–300 °C), but is not detectable in MVT, Carlin, or porphyry-Cu quartz. Concentrations of Sb do not correlate consistently with those of other trace elements or with CL textures. Titanium is only abundant enough to be mapped in quartz from porphyry-type ore deposits that precipitate at temperatures above ~400 °C. In such quartz, Ti concentration correlates positively with CL intensity, suggesting a causative relationship. In contrast, in quartz from other deposit types, there is no consistent correlation between concentrations of any trace element and CL intensity fluctuations.","language":"English","publisher":"Mineralogical Society of America","doi":"10.2138/am.2011.3701","usgsCitation":"Rusk, B., Koenig, A., and Lowers, H., 2011, Visualizing trace element distribution in quartz using cathodoluminescence, electron microprobe, and laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry: American Mineralogist, v. 96, no. 5-6, p. 703-708, https://doi.org/10.2138/am.2011.3701.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"703","endPage":"708","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204569,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"96","issue":"5-6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc29be4b08c986b32ac59","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rusk, Brian","contributorId":53519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rusk","given":"Brian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Koenig, Alan 0000-0002-5230-0924","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5230-0924","contributorId":63159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koenig","given":"Alan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lowers, Heather 0000-0001-5360-9264","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5360-9264","contributorId":52609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowers","given":"Heather","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70007234,"text":"ds661 - 2011 - Database for potential hazards from future volcanic eruptions in California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:12:01","indexId":"ds661","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"661","title":"Database for potential hazards from future volcanic eruptions in California","docAbstract":"More than 500 volcanic vents have been identified in the State of California. At least 76 of these vents have erupted, some repeatedly, during the past 10,000 yr. Past volcanic activity has ranged in scale and type from small rhyolitic and basaltic eruptions through large catastrophic rhyolitic eruptions. Sooner or later, volcanoes in California will erupt again, and they could have serious impacts on the health and safety of the State's citizens as well as on its economy. This report describes the nature and probable distribution of potentially hazardous volcanic phenomena and their threat to people and property. It includes hazard-zonation maps that show areas relatively likely to be affected by future eruptions in California. This digital release contains information from maps of potential hazards from future volcanic eruptions in the state of California, published as Plate 1 in U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1847. The main component of this digital release is a spatial database prepared using geographic information systems (GIS) applications. This release also contains links to files to view or print the map plate, main report text, and accompanying hazard tables from Bulletin 1847. It should be noted that much has been learned about the ages of eruptive events in the State of California since the publication of Bulletin 1847 in 1989. For the most up to date information on the status of California volcanoes, please refer to the U.S. Geological Survey Volcano Hazards Program website.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds661","usgsCitation":"White, M.N., Ramsey, D.W., and Miller, C.D., 2011, Database for potential hazards from future volcanic eruptions in California: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 661, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds661.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":115720,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/661/index.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":116451,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_661.png"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -126,32 ], [ -126,42 ], [ -113,42 ], [ -113,32 ], [ -126,32 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fdd5e4b0c8380cd4e973","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, Melissa N.","contributorId":84897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Melissa","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ramsey, David W. 0000-0003-1698-2523 dramsey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1698-2523","contributorId":3819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramsey","given":"David","email":"dramsey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, C. Dan","contributorId":38145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Dan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70007221,"text":"sim3176 - 2011 - Bathymetric survey of Carroll Creek Tributary to Lake Tuscaloosa, Tuscaloosa County, Alabama, 2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:12:01","indexId":"sim3176","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3176","title":"Bathymetric survey of Carroll Creek Tributary to Lake Tuscaloosa, Tuscaloosa County, Alabama, 2010","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the City of Tuscaloosa, conducted a bathymetric survey of Carroll Creek, on May 12-13, 2010. Carroll Creek is one of the major tributaries to Lake Tuscaloosa and contributes about 6 percent of the surface drainage area. A 3.5-mile reach of Carroll Creek was surveyed to prepare a current bathymetric map, determine storage capacities at specified water-surface elevations, and compare current conditions to historical cross sections. Bathymetric data were collected using a high-resolution interferometric mapping system consisting of a phase-differencing bathymetric sonar, navigation and motion-sensing system, and a data acquisition computer. To assess the accuracy of the interferometric mapping system and document depths in shallow areas of the study reach, an electronic total station was used to survey 22 cross sections spaced 50 feet apart. The data were combined and processed and a Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN) and contour map were generated. Cross sections were extracted from the TIN and compared with historical cross sections. Between 2004 and 2010, the area (cross section 1) at the confluence of Carroll Creek and the main run of LakeTuscaloosa showed little to no change in capacity area. Another area (cross section 2) showed a maximum change in elevation of 4 feet and an average change of 3 feet. At the water-surface elevation of 224 feet (National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929), the cross-sectional area has changed by 260 square feet for a total loss of 28 percent of cross-sectional storage area. The loss of area may be attributed to sedimentation in Carroll Creek and (or) the difference in accuracy between the two surveys.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3176","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Tuscaloosa","usgsCitation":"Lee, K., and Kimbrow, D., 2011, Bathymetric survey of Carroll Creek Tributary to Lake Tuscaloosa, Tuscaloosa County, Alabama, 2010: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3176, 1 Sheet: 34 inches x 32 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3176.","productDescription":"1 Sheet: 34 inches x 32 inches","temporalStart":"2010-05-12","temporalEnd":"2010-05-13","costCenters":[{"id":105,"text":"Alabama Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116379,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim_3176.jpg"},{"id":115706,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3176/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"state":"Alabama","county":"Tuscaloosa","otherGeospatial":"Lake Tuscaloosa","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87.56666666666666,33.28333333333333 ], [ -87.56666666666666,33.333333333333336 ], [ -87.53333333333333,33.333333333333336 ], [ -87.53333333333333,33.28333333333333 ], [ -87.56666666666666,33.28333333333333 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f010e4b0c8380cd4a5a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, K.G.","contributorId":28319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"K.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kimbrow, D.R.","contributorId":25702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kimbrow","given":"D.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70007219,"text":"ds638 - 2011 - EAARL coastal topography-Virginia, post-Nor'Ida, 2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:12:01","indexId":"ds638","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"638","title":"EAARL coastal topography-Virginia, post-Nor'Ida, 2009","docAbstract":"This DVD contains lidar-derived first-surface (FS) and bare-earth (BE) topography GIS datasets of a portion of the Virginia coastline beachface. 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These data were used to develop widely applicable empirical parameterizations for wave setup, incident band swash height, infragravity band swash height, and the 2-percent exceedance level for wave runup. Details regarding the experiments, data analysis, and empirical parameterizations can be found in Stockdon and others (2006).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds602","usgsCitation":"Stockdon, H.F., and Holman, R.A., 2011, Observations of wave runup, setup, and swash on natural beaches: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 602, HTML page; Introduction; Background; Field Data; References and Additional Information; Acknowledgments; Suggested Citation, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds602.","productDescription":"HTML page; Introduction; Background; Field Data; References and Additional Information; Acknowledgments; Suggested Citation","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":406,"text":"National Assessment of Coastal Change Hazards Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116376,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_602.png"},{"id":115697,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/602/#fielddata","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6ac7e4b0c8380cd74355","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stockdon, Hilary F. 0000-0003-0791-4676 hstockdon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0791-4676","contributorId":2153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stockdon","given":"Hilary","email":"hstockdon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holman, Rob A.","contributorId":75268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holman","given":"Rob","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70007214,"text":"ds617 - 2011 - EAARL topography-Potato Creek watershed, Georgia, 2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:12:01","indexId":"ds617","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"617","title":"EAARL topography-Potato Creek watershed, Georgia, 2010","docAbstract":"This DVD contains lidar-derived first-surface (FS) and bare-earth (BE) topography GIS datasets of a portion of the Potato Creek watershed in the Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint River basin, Georgia. These datasets were acquired on February 27, 2010.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds617","usgsCitation":"Bonisteel-Cormier, J., Nayegandhi, A., Fredericks, X., Jones, J.W., Wright, C.W., Brock, J.C., and Nagle, D., 2011, EAARL topography-Potato Creek watershed, Georgia, 2010: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 617, 1 DVD, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds617.","productDescription":"1 DVD","temporalStart":"2010-02-27","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116382,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_617.png"},{"id":115700,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/617/index.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"state":"Georgia","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -84.41666666666667,32.666666666666664 ], [ -84.41666666666667,33.25 ], [ -84.16666666666667,33.25 ], [ -84.16666666666667,32.666666666666664 ], [ -84.41666666666667,32.666666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0450e4b0c8380cd508c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bonisteel-Cormier, J.M.","contributorId":8060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonisteel-Cormier","given":"J.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nayegandhi, Amar","contributorId":37292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nayegandhi","given":"Amar","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fredericks, Xan","contributorId":35704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fredericks","given":"Xan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jones, J. W.","contributorId":89233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wright, C. W. wwright@usgs.gov","contributorId":49758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"C.","email":"wwright@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brock, J. 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Quantiles were used because the management objectives specified proportions of the habitat area that needed to comply with vegetation criteria. The linear model was used to obtain estimates that were averaged across 4 y. The equivalence testing framework allowed us to interpret confidence intervals for estimated proportions with respect to intervals of vegetative criteria (equivalence regions) in either a liberal, benefit-of-doubt or conservative, fail-safe approach associated with minimizing alternative risks. Simple Boolean conditional arguments were used to combine the quantile equivalence results for individual vegetation components into a joint statement for the multivariable management objectives. For example, management objective 2A required at least 809 ha of upland habitat with a shrub composition ≥0.70 sagebrush (Artemisia spp.), 20–30% canopy cover of sagebrush ≥25 cm in height, ≥20% canopy cover of grasses, and ≥10% canopy cover of forbs on average over 4 y. Shrub composition and canopy cover of grass each were readily met on >3,000 ha under either conservative or liberal interpretations of sampling variability. However, there were only 809–1,214 ha (conservative to liberal) with ≥10% forb canopy cover and 405–1,098 ha with 20–30% canopy cover of sagebrush ≥25 cm in height. Only 91–180 ha of uplands simultaneously met criteria for all four components, primarily because canopy cover of sagebrush and forbs was inversely related when considered at the spatial scale (30 m) of a sample transect. We demonstrate how the quantile equivalence analyses also can help refine the numerical specification of habitat objectives and explore specification of spatial scales for objectives with respect to sampling scales used to evaluate those objectives.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","doi":"10.3996/052011-JFWM-032","usgsCitation":"Cade, B.S., and Johnson, P.R., 2011, Quantile equivalence to evaluate compliance with habitat management objectives: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, v. 2, no. 2, p. 169-182, https://doi.org/10.3996/052011-JFWM-032.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"169","endPage":"182","temporalStart":"2005-01-01","temporalEnd":"2008-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474774,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3996/052011-jfwm-032","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":204677,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Arapaho National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.37786865234375,\n 40.54093880017256\n ],\n [\n -106.22406005859375,\n 40.54093880017256\n ],\n [\n -106.22406005859375,\n 40.75505950577882\n ],\n [\n -106.37786865234375,\n 40.75505950577882\n ],\n [\n -106.37786865234375,\n 40.54093880017256\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"2","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a91f3e4b0c8380cd80573","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cade, Brian S. 0000-0001-9623-9849 cadeb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9623-9849","contributorId":1278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cade","given":"Brian","email":"cadeb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":350488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Pamela R.","contributorId":58764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Pamela","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70003969,"text":"70003969 - 2011 - Using data from an encounter sampler to model fish dispersal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:16:02","indexId":"70003969","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-24T10:33:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2285,"text":"Journal of Fish Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using data from an encounter sampler to model fish dispersal","docAbstract":"A method to estimate speed of free-ranging fishes using a passive sampling device is described and illustrated with data from the Everglades, U.S.A. Catch per unit effort (CPUE) from minnow traps embedded in drift fences was treated as an encounter rate and used to estimate speed, when combined with an independent estimate of density obtained by use of throw traps that enclose 1 m2 of marsh habitat. Underwater video was used to evaluate capture efficiency and species-specific bias of minnow traps and two sampling studies were used to estimate trap saturation and diel-movement patterns; these results were used to optimize sampling and derive correction factors to adjust species-specific encounter rates for bias and capture efficiency. Sailfin mollies Poecilia latipinna displayed a high frequency of escape from traps, whereas eastern mosquitofish Gambusia holbrooki were most likely to avoid a trap once they encountered it; dollar sunfish Lepomis marginatus were least likely to avoid the trap once they encountered it or to escape once they were captured. Length of sampling and time of day affected CPUE; fishes generally had a very low retention rate over a 24 h sample time and only the Everglades pygmy sunfish Elassoma evergladei were commonly captured at night. Dispersal speed of fishes in the Florida Everglades, U.S.A., was shown to vary seasonally and among species, ranging from 0.05 to 0.15 m s-1 for small poeciliids and fundulids to 0.1 to 1.8 m s-1 for L. marginatus. Speed was generally highest late in the wet season and lowest in the dry season, possibly tied to dispersal behaviours linked to finding and remaining in dry-season refuges. These speed estimates can be used to estimate the diffusive movement rate, which is commonly employed in spatial ecological models.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Fish Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Fisheries Society of the British Isles","doi":"10.1111/j.1095-8649.2010.02867.x","usgsCitation":"Obaza, A., DeAngelis, D., and Trexler, J., 2011, Using data from an encounter sampler to model fish dispersal: Journal of Fish Biology, v. 78, no. 2, p. 495-513, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2010.02867.x.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"495","endPage":"513","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":115757,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2010.02867.x","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":204582,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Everglades","volume":"78","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc042e4b08c986b32a00d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Obaza, A.","contributorId":14109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Obaza","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeAngelis, D.L. 0000-0002-1570-4057","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1570-4057","contributorId":32470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeAngelis","given":"D.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Trexler, J.C.","contributorId":23108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trexler","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70003517,"text":"70003517 - 2011 - Using body mass dynamics to examine long-term habitat shifts of arctic-molting geese: Evidence for ecological change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:16:02","indexId":"70003517","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-24T10:22:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3093,"text":"Polar Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using body mass dynamics to examine long-term habitat shifts of arctic-molting geese: Evidence for ecological change","docAbstract":"From 1976 onward, molting brant geese (Branta bernicla) within the Teshekpuk Lake Special Area, Alaska, shifted from inland, freshwater lakes toward coastal wetlands. Two hypotheses explained this redistribution: (1) ecological change: redistribution of molting brant reflects improvements in coastal foraging habitats, which have undergone a succession toward salt-tolerant plants due to increased coastal erosion and saltwater intrusion as induced by climate change or (2) interspecific competition: greater white-fronted geese (Anser albifrons) populations increased 12-fold at inland lakes, limiting food availability and forcing brant into coastal habitats. Both hypotheses presume that brant redistributions were driven by food availability; thus, body mass dynamics may provide insight into the relevance of these hypotheses. We compared body mass dynamics of molting brant across decades (1978, 1987–1992, 2005–2007) and, during 2005–2007, across habitats (coastal vs. inland). Brant lost body mass during molt in all three decades. At inland habitats, rates of mass loss progressively decreased by decade despite the increased number of greater white-fronted geese. These results do not support an interspecific competition hypothesis, instead suggesting that ecological change enhanced foraging habitats for brant. During 2005–2007, rates of mass loss did not vary by habitat. Thus, while habitats have improved from earlier decades, our results cannot distinguish between ecological changes at inland versus coastal habitats. However, we speculate that coastal forage quality has improved beyond that of inland habitats and that the body mass benefits of these higher quality foods are offset by the disproportionate number of brant now molting coastally.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Polar Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s00300-011-1025-y","usgsCitation":"Lewis, T., Flint, P.L., Derksen, D.V., Schmutz, J.A., Taylor, E., and Bollinger, K.S., 2011, Using body mass dynamics to examine long-term habitat shifts of arctic-molting geese: Evidence for ecological change: Polar Biology, v. 34, no. 11, p. 1751-1762, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-011-1025-y.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1751","endPage":"1762","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":115756,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00300-011-1025-y","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":204616,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Teshekpuk Lake Special Area","volume":"34","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc037e4b08c986b329fbe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lewis, Tyler L.","contributorId":22904,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lewis","given":"Tyler L.","affiliations":[{"id":12437,"text":"Simon Fraser University, Centre for Wildlife Ecology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":347608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flint, Paul L. 0000-0002-8758-6993 pflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-6993","contributorId":3284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Paul","email":"pflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":347607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Derksen, Dirk V. dderksen@usgs.gov","contributorId":2269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Derksen","given":"Dirk","email":"dderksen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":347606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":347605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Taylor, Eric J.","contributorId":41966,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taylor","given":"Eric J.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":347610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bollinger, Karen S.","contributorId":33842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bollinger","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70005703,"text":"70005703 - 2011 - Using avian radar to examine relationships among avian activity, bird strikes, and meteorological factors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-26T15:09:53.84988","indexId":"70005703","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-24T10:11:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1914,"text":"Human-Wildlife Interactions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using avian radar to examine relationships among avian activity, bird strikes, and meteorological factors","docAbstract":"Radar systems designed to detect avian activity at airfields are useful in understanding factors that influence the risk of bird and aircraft collisions (bird strikes). We used an avian radar system to measure avian activity at Beale Air Force Base, California, USA, during 2008 and 2009. We conducted a 2-part analysis to examine relationships among avian activity, bird strikes, and meteorological and time-dependent factors. We found that avian activity around the airfield was greater at times when bird strikes occurred than on average using a permutation resampling technique. Second, we developed generalized linear mixed models of an avian activity index (AAI). Variation in AAI was first explained by seasons that were based on average migration dates of birds at the study area. We then modeled AAI by those seasons to further explain variation by meteorological factors and daily light levels within a 24- hour period. In general, avian activity increased with decreased temperature, wind, visibility, precipitation, and increased humidity and cloud cover. These effects differed by season. For example, during the spring bird migration period, most avian activity occurred before sunrise at twilight hours on clear days with low winds, whereas during fall migration, substantial activity occurred after sunrise, and birds generally were more active at lower temperatures. We report parameter estimates (i.e., constants and coefficients) averaged across models and a relatively simple calculation for safety officers and wildlife managers to predict AAI and the relative risk of bird strike based on time, date, and meteorological values. We validated model predictability and assessed model fi t. These analyses will be useful for general inference of avian activity and risk assessment efforts. Further investigation and ongoing data collection will refine these inference models and improve our understanding of factors that influence avian activity, which is necessary to inform management decisions aimed at reducing risk of bird strikes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Jack H. Berryman Institute","publisherLocation":"Logan, UT","doi":"10.26077/nbzd-kn35","usgsCitation":"Coates, P.S., Casazza, M.L., Halstead, B., Fleskes, J.P., and Laughlin, J.A., 2011, Using avian radar to examine relationships among avian activity, bird strikes, and meteorological factors: Human-Wildlife Interactions, v. 5, no. 2, p. 249-268, https://doi.org/10.26077/nbzd-kn35.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"249","endPage":"268","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2008-01-01","temporalEnd":"2009-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204585,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Yuba County","otherGeospatial":"Beale Air Force Base","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.48887634277342,\n 39.0591832989046\n ],\n [\n -121.31309509277344,\n 39.0591832989046\n ],\n [\n -121.31309509277344,\n 39.17957847932612\n ],\n [\n -121.48887634277342,\n 39.17957847932612\n ],\n [\n -121.48887634277342,\n 39.0591832989046\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"5","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc034e4b08c986b329fb1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coates, Peter S. 0000-0003-2672-9994 pcoates@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2672-9994","contributorId":3263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coates","given":"Peter","email":"pcoates@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":353089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Casazza, Michael L. 0000-0002-5636-735X mike_casazza@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5636-735X","contributorId":2091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casazza","given":"Michael","email":"mike_casazza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":353087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Halstead, Brian J. 0000-0002-5535-6528 bhalstead@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5535-6528","contributorId":3051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halstead","given":"Brian J.","email":"bhalstead@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":353088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fleskes, Joseph P. 0000-0001-5388-6675 joe_fleskes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5388-6675","contributorId":1889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleskes","given":"Joseph","email":"joe_fleskes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":353086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Laughlin, James A.","contributorId":100529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laughlin","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70004016,"text":"70004016 - 2011 - Use of spatial capture-recapture modeling and DNA data to estimate densities of elusive animals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:16:02","indexId":"70004016","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-24T09:10:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of spatial capture-recapture modeling and DNA data to estimate densities of elusive animals","docAbstract":"Assessment of abundance, survival, recruitment rates, and density (i.e., population assessment) is especially challenging for elusive species most in need of protection (e.g., rare carnivores). Individual identification methods, such as DNA sampling, provide ways of studying such species efficiently and noninvasively. Additionally, statistical methods that correct for undetected animals and account for locations where animals are captured are available to efficiently estimate density and other demographic parameters. We collected hair samples of European wildcat (Felis silvestris) from cheek-rub lure sticks, extracted DNA from the samples, and identified each animals' genotype. To estimate the density of wildcats, we used Bayesian inference in a spatial capture-recapture model. We used WinBUGS to fit a model that accounted for differences in detection probability among individuals and seasons and between two lure arrays. We detected 21 individual wildcats (including possible hybrids) 47 times. Wildcat density was estimated at 0.29/km2 (SE 0.06), and 95% of the activity of wildcats was estimated to occur within 1.83 km from their home-range center. Lures located systematically were associated with a greater number of detections than lures placed in a cell on the basis of expert opinion. Detection probability of individual cats was greatest in late March. Our model is a generalized linear mixed model; hence, it can be easily extended, for instance, to incorporate trap- and individual-level covariates. We believe that the combined use of noninvasive sampling techniques and spatial capture-recapture models will improve population assessments, especially for rare and elusive animals.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Conservation Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society for Conservation Biology","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1111/j.1523-1739.2010.01616.x","usgsCitation":"Kery, M., Gardner, B., Stoeckle, T., Weber, D., and Royle, J., 2011, Use of spatial capture-recapture modeling and DNA data to estimate densities of elusive animals: Conservation Biology, v. 25, no. 2, p. 356-364, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2010.01616.x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"356","endPage":"364","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204583,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":21768,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2010.01616.x","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"25","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbf81e4b08c986b329bcf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kery, Marc","contributorId":38680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kery","given":"Marc","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gardner, Beth","contributorId":91612,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gardner","given":"Beth","affiliations":[{"id":13553,"text":"University of Washington-Seattle","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":350163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stoeckle, Tabea","contributorId":81632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stoeckle","given":"Tabea","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Weber, Darius","contributorId":41586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weber","given":"Darius","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Royle, J. Andrew 0000-0003-3135-2167","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-2167","contributorId":80808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Royle","given":"J. Andrew","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":350161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70004610,"text":"70004610 - 2011 - Use of recent and historical records to estimate status and trends of a rare and imperiled stream fish, Percina jenkinsi (Percidae)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:16:02","indexId":"70004610","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-24T08:56:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of recent and historical records to estimate status and trends of a rare and imperiled stream fish, Percina jenkinsi (Percidae)","docAbstract":"Rarely encountered animals may be present but undetected, potentially leading to incorrect assumptions about the persistence of a local population or the conservation priority of a particular area. The federally endangered and narrowly endemic Conasauga logperch (Percina jenkinsi) is a good example of a rarely encountered fish species of conservation concern, for which basic population statistics are lacking. We evaluated the occurrence frequency for this species using surveys conducted with a repeat-observation sampling approach during the summer of 2008. We also analyzed museum records since the late 1980s to evaluate the trends in detected status through time. The results of these analyses provided support for a declining trend in this species over a portion of its historical range, despite low estimated detection probability. We used the results to identify the expected information return for a given level of monitoring where the sampling approach incorporates incomplete detection. The method applied here may be of value where historic occurrence records are available, provided that the assumption of constant capture efficiency is reasonable.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","publisherLocation":"Ottawa, Ontario","usgsCitation":"Hagler, M.M., Freeman, M., Wenger, S.J., Freeman, B.J., Rakes, P.L., and Shute, J., 2011, Use of recent and historical records to estimate status and trends of a rare and imperiled stream fish, Percina jenkinsi (Percidae): Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 68, no. 5, p. 739-748.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"739","endPage":"748","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204584,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":21865,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/f2011-014","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","volume":"68","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbf69e4b08c986b329b40","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hagler, Megan M.","contributorId":88875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hagler","given":"Megan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Freeman, Mary 0000-0001-7615-6923 mcfreeman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7615-6923","contributorId":3528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"Mary","email":"mcfreeman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":350844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wenger, Seth J.","contributorId":64786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wenger","given":"Seth","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Freeman, Byron J.","contributorId":49782,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Freeman","given":"Byron","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12697,"text":"University of Georgia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":350847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rakes, Patrick L.","contributorId":21279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rakes","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Shute, J.R.","contributorId":43492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shute","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70007254,"text":"70007254 - 2011 - Patterns of hybridization of nonnative cutthroat trout and hatchery rainbow trout with native redband trout in the Boise River, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:16:02","indexId":"70007254","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-24T08:46:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Patterns of hybridization of nonnative cutthroat trout and hatchery rainbow trout with native redband trout in the Boise River, Idaho","docAbstract":"Hybridization is one of the greatest threats to native fishes. Threats from hybridization are particularly important for native trout species as stocking of nonnative trout has been widespread within the ranges of native species, thus increasing the potential for hybridization. While many studies have documented hybridization between native cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii and nonnative rainbow trout O. mykiss, fewer have focused on this issue in native rainbow trout despite widespread threats from introductions of both nonnative cutthroat trout and hatchery rainbow trout. Here, we describe the current genetic (i.e., hybridization) status of native redband trout O. mykiss gairdneri populations in the upper Boise River, Idaho. Interspecific hybridization was widespread (detected at 14 of the 41 sampled locations), but high levels of hybridization between nonnative cutthroat trout and redband trout were detected in only a few streams. Intraspecific hybridization was considerably more widespread (almost 40% of sampled locations), and several local populations of native redband trout have been almost completely replaced with hatchery coastal rainbow trout O. mykiss irideus; other populations exist as hybrid swarms, some are in the process of being actively invaded, and some are maintaining genetic characteristics of native populations. The persistence of some redband trout populations with high genetic integrity provides some opportunity to conserve native genomes, but our findings also highlight the complex decisions facing managers today. Effective management strategies in this system may include analysis of the specific attributes of each site and population to evaluate the relative risks posed by isolation versus maintaining connectivity, identifying potential sites for control or eradication of nonnative trout, and long-term monitoring of the genetic integrity of remaining redband trout populations to track changes in their status.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","publisherLocation":"Philadelphia, PA","doi":"10.1080/02755947.2011.647252","usgsCitation":"Neville, H.M., and Dunham, J., 2011, Patterns of hybridization of nonnative cutthroat trout and hatchery rainbow trout with native redband trout in the Boise River, Idaho: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 31, no. 6, p. 1163-1176, https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2011.647252.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1163","endPage":"1176","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":115751,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2011.647252","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":204586,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Boise River","volume":"31","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a75d7e4b0c8380cd77d8f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Neville, Helen M.","contributorId":21273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neville","given":"Helen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dunham, Jason B.","contributorId":64791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunham","given":"Jason B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70007204,"text":"ofr20111265 - 2011 - Impact of mine and natural sources of mercury on water, sediment, and biota in Harley Gulch adjacent to the Abbott-Turkey Run mine, Lake County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-19T15:08:05.776269","indexId":"ofr20111265","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1265","title":"Impact of mine and natural sources of mercury on water, sediment, and biota in Harley Gulch adjacent to the Abbott-Turkey Run mine, Lake County, California","docAbstract":"Executive Summary
Stable-isotope data indicate that there are three sources of water that effect the composition and Hg concentration of waters in Harley Gulch: (1) meteoric water that dominates water chemistry during the wet season; (2) thermal water effluent from the Turkey Run mine that effects the chemistry at sample site HG1; and (3) cold connate groundwater that dominates water chemistry during the dry season as it upwells and reaches the surface. The results from sampling executed for this study suggest four distinct areas in Harley Gulch: (1) the contaminated West Fork of Harley Gulch, consisting of the stream immediately downstream from the mine area and the wetlands upstream from Harley Gulch canyon (sample sites HG1-HG2, (2) the East Fork of Harley Gulch, where no mining has occurred (sample site HG3), (3) sample sites HG4-HG7, where a seasonal influx of saline groundwater alters stream chemistry, and (4) sample sites HG7-HG10, downstream in Harley Gulch towards the confluence with Cache Creek.
West Fork: Mine Area and Wetlands
The concentration of Hg in both storm sediment and active channel sediment was highest at sample site HG1, immediately downstream from the mine. The highest concentrations of total Hg (HgT) in water also occurred at site HG1, and they decreased systematically downstream from the mine. The high concentration of HgT at site HG1 reflects input of thermal-water effluent from the Turkey Run mine which comprises most of the flow at this site during the dry season. During the May 2011 low-flow sampling, HgT concentration was very high at site HG1, but the maximum in HgT concentration occurred at sample site HG1.5 in the middle of the wetland area. The high concentration of HgT and isotopic chemistry at this site indicates that a significant input of connate groundwater into the creek at this location contributes to the high Hg concentration in water. At site HG1, just downstream from the thermal water input from the Turkey Run mine, water sampled in June 2010 was almost entirely composed of thermal-water effluent. During the storm sampling in March 2011, which resulted in the highest flows of the winter, thermal effluent was virtually undetectable at site HG1, and the water was all meteoric. During the May 2011 sampling event, the input of connate groundwater in the middle of the wetland area at site HG1.5 was dominant. Discharge from the adit and runoff from the mine contributes to the high Hg concentration at site HG1 under both high and low-flow conditions.
East Fork: Background
Hg levels in waters collected from the East Fork of Harley Gulch, where no mining has occurred, were as high as 32.8 parts per trillion (pptr). These levels of Hg in water are significantly higher than regional background Hg concentrations, which range from 4-7 pptr. These anomalous Hg concentrations are partially explained by the abundance of Hg-enriched groundwater in Harley Gulch.
Sites HG4-HG7
Downstream from the wetland, the aqueous concentration of HgT decreased, but remained above background levels as another input of connate groundwater occurs in the creek segment between sample sites HG4 and HG7. The input of connate groundwater in this segment of the creek is reflected in the increase in dissolved constituents characteristic of the connate groundwater, such as sulfate (SO4), chloride (Cl) and magnesium (Mg). Stable-isotope data for heavy isotopes d18O and d2D also confirm two areas of input of connate groundwater into Harley Gulch: the creek segment in the West Fork near sample site HG1.5 and the segment between sample sites HG4 and HG7. Downstream from the second area of input of connate groundwater, both HgF and HgT concentrations decrease similarly, but the percentage of Hg in the filtered fraction increases. The decreases in HgT and HgF between sample sites HG5 and HG7 suggests that this second source of connate groundwater to Harley Gulch is distinct from the Hg-enriched source that enters the middle of the wetlands at sample site HG1.5. During low-flow conditions in June 2010, input of connate groundwater increased from sample site HG4 and reached a maximum near sample site HG7, where it dominated creek water chemistry. Waters collected from sample site HG7 during the June 2010 sampling event were the heaviest isotopically and contained high concentrations of Cl and SO4, constituents that are characteristically high in the connate groundwater. Both above and below sample site HG7, the amount of connate groundwater in the creek water decreased.
Sites HG8-HG10
Sediment with high Hg concentration is present throughout the West Fork of Harley Gulch below the mine and in the upper part of the Harley Gulch main stem to just above sample site HG10. At the sample site furthest downstream, HG10, Hg concentration is at background levels, as are cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), and tungsten (W), indicating that the sediment is not significantly contaminated with Hg from the mine.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111265","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Rytuba, J.J., Hothem, R.L., Brussee, B.E., and Goldstein, D., 2011, Impact of mine and natural sources of mercury on water, sediment, and biota in Harley Gulch adjacent to the Abbott-Turkey Run mine, Lake County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1265, ix, 105 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111265.","productDescription":"ix, 105 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":663,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center-Menlo Park Office","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116447,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1265.gif"},{"id":115690,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1265/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":394515,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1265/of2011-1265.pdf","text":"Report","size":"9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Lake County","otherGeospatial":"Harley Gulch","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.47550010681154,\n 38.98630040014555\n ],\n [\n -122.46953487396239,\n 38.98913576852135\n ],\n [\n -122.46584415435791,\n 38.99210444428017\n ],\n [\n -122.46232509613036,\n 38.99610695603966\n ],\n [\n -122.45932102203369,\n 38.99847500223872\n ],\n [\n -122.45584487915039,\n 38.99994248405357\n ],\n [\n -122.45090961456299,\n 39.000642862372096\n ],\n [\n -122.44996547698975,\n 39.00231040189239\n ],\n [\n -122.44528770446779,\n 39.003977902109774\n ],\n [\n -122.4415111541748,\n 39.0037444544454\n ],\n [\n -122.44013786315918,\n 39.004478144510884\n ],\n [\n -122.43631839752197,\n 39.003777804158915\n ],\n [\n -122.43498802185059,\n 39.00371110471618\n ],\n [\n -122.42915153503418,\n 39.00727943658698\n ],\n [\n -122.4305248260498,\n 39.00941367990123\n ],\n [\n -122.43348598480225,\n 39.00948037396715\n ],\n [\n -122.43614673614502,\n 39.00954706797022\n ],\n [\n -122.44155406951904,\n 39.00797974227288\n ],\n [\n -122.4439573287964,\n 39.00864669362303\n ],\n [\n -122.44949340820312,\n 39.0077463078146\n ],\n [\n -122.451810836792,\n 39.0061455936338\n ],\n [\n -122.45803356170654,\n 39.004344746883135\n ],\n [\n -122.46138095855713,\n 39.00524517598894\n ],\n [\n -122.46442794799805,\n 39.003177506910475\n ],\n [\n -122.46743202209471,\n 39.00117647929471\n ],\n [\n -122.46923446655273,\n 38.99854170661785\n ],\n [\n -122.47047901153564,\n 38.997441076321095\n ],\n [\n -122.47116565704346,\n 38.996307075685365\n ],\n [\n -122.47318267822266,\n 38.99410572845627\n ],\n [\n -122.47464179992674,\n 38.992304575244454\n ],\n [\n -122.47610092163085,\n 38.99003639117867\n ],\n [\n -122.47871875762938,\n 38.98860206079838\n ],\n [\n -122.47550010681154,\n 38.98630040014555\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a38c1e4b0c8380cd616a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rytuba, James J. jrytuba@usgs.gov","contributorId":3043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rytuba","given":"James","email":"jrytuba@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hothem, Roger L. roger_hothem@usgs.gov","contributorId":1721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hothem","given":"Roger","email":"roger_hothem@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brussee, Brianne E. 0000-0002-2452-7101 bbrussee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2452-7101","contributorId":4249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brussee","given":"Brianne","email":"bbrussee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Goldstein, Daniel N.","contributorId":87671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldstein","given":"Daniel N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70003694,"text":"70003694 - 2011 - Using digital photography to examine grazing in montane meadows","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-19T23:46:31","indexId":"70003694","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3228,"text":"Rangeland Ecology and Management","onlineIssn":"1551-5028","printIssn":"1550-7424","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using digital photography to examine grazing in montane meadows","docAbstract":"Cattle (Bos taurus) numbers on national forests are allocated based on allotment grazing capacity, but spatial patterns of timing and density at smaller scales are difficult to assess. However, it is often in meadows or riparian areas that grazing may affect hydrology, biodiversity, and other important ecosystem characteristics. To explore real-time animal presence in montane meadows we distributed 18 digital cameras across nine sites in the Sierra National Forest, California. Our objectives were to document seasonal and diurnal presence of both cattle and mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus), identify the effects of three fencing treatments on animal distribution, and test digital photography as a tool for documenting cattle presence. We recorded 409 399 images during daylight hours for two grazing seasons, and we identified 5 084 and 24 482 cattle \"marks\" (instances of animal occurrence) in 2006 and 2007, respectively. Deer presence was much lower, with 331 marks in 2006 and 598 in 2007. Morning cattle presence was highest before 0800 hours both years (13.7% and 15.4% of total marks for 2006 and 2007, respectively). Marks decreased until 1100 hours and then increased around 1400 hours and remained relatively stable until 1900 hours. Marks then rose precipitously, with >20% of total marks recorded after 1900 hours both years. Deer presence was less than 10% per hour until 1800 hours, when >20% of total marks were recorded after this time both years. Among treatments, cattle marks were highest outside fences at partially fenced meadows, and deer were highest within completely fenced meadows. Our experience suggests that cameras are not viable tools for meadow monitoring due to variation captured within meadows and the time and effort involved in image processing and review.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Rangeland Ecology and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society for Range Management","publisherLocation":"Wheat Ridge, CO","doi":"10.2111/REM-D-09-00130.1","usgsCitation":"McIlroy, S., Allen-Diaz, B.H., and Berg, A.C., 2011, Using digital photography to examine grazing in montane meadows: Rangeland Ecology and Management, v. 64, no. 2, p. 187-195, https://doi.org/10.2111/REM-D-09-00130.1.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"187","endPage":"195","numberOfPages":"9","temporalStart":"2006-01-01","temporalEnd":"2007-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474776,"rank":101,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10150/642857","text":"External Repository"},{"id":204676,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":115758,"rank":100,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2111/REM-D-09-00130.1","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","volume":"64","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc046e4b08c986b32a022","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McIlroy, Susan K.","contributorId":30362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McIlroy","given":"Susan K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen-Diaz, Barbara H.","contributorId":73750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen-Diaz","given":"Barbara","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Berg, Alexander C.","contributorId":27610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berg","given":"Alexander","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70007191,"text":"ofr20111315 - 2011 - Bathymetry and digital elevation models of Coyote Creek and Alviso Slough, South San Francisco Bay, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-09T18:09:19.490137","indexId":"ofr20111315","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-23T13:04:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1315","title":"Bathymetry and digital elevation models of Coyote Creek and Alviso Slough, South San Francisco Bay, California","docAbstract":"In 2010, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center completed three cruises to map the bathymetry of the main channel and shallow intertidal mudflats in the southernmost part of south San Francisco Bay. The three surveys were merged to generate comprehensive maps of Coyote Creek (from Calaveras Point east to the railroad bridge) and Alviso Slough (from the bay to the town of Alviso) to establish baseline bathymetry prior to the breaching of levees adjacent to Alviso and Guadalupe Sloughs as part of the South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Project (http://www.southbayrestoration.org). Since 2010, the USGS has conducted fourteen additional surveys to monitor bathymetric change in this region as restoration progresses.
The bathymetric surveys were conducted using the state-of-the-art research vessel R/V Parke Snavely outfitted with an interferometric sidescan sonar for swath mapping in extremely shallow water. This publication provides high-resolution bathymetric data collected by the USGS. For the 2010 baseline survey we have merged the bathymetry with aerial lidar data that were collected for the USGS during the same time period to create a seamless, high-resolution digital elevation model (DEM) of the study area. The series of bathymetric datasets are provided at 1 m resolution and the 2010 bathymetric/topographic DEM at 2 m resolution. The data are formatted as both X, Y, Z text files and ESRI Arc ASCII files that are accompanied by Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) compliant metadata.
Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2885 Mission Street
Santa Cruz, CA 95060
Many Federal, State, and local agencies use low-flow data to establish water-use policy and help determine the total maximum daily loads and effluent limits of point and nonpoint sources of contamination of surface water during periods of decreased streamflow. Low-flow magnitude and frequency are used often by water-supply planners, reservoir managers, and hydroelectric facilities to manage water availability for supply and power generation.
\nLow-flow statistics for eight selected U.S. Geological Survey streamgages in New York State were calculated for the period from 1976 through 2006 and for the entire period of continuous streamflow record. The 7-day, 2-year and 10-year low flows were computed and compared with those low flows published in the1979 U.S. Geological Survey report, Low-flow frequency analysis of streams in New York, Bulletin 74. Observed changes in low-flow frequency at each gage were then examined and compared to changes in precipitation and land use to determine whether a relation between similar patterns could be identified.
\nA statewide U.S. Geological Survey study has not been done to develop equations for estimating low flows on rural unregulated streams in New York. Currently (2010) only one regional study developed for parts of the lower Hudson River Basin in 1986 is available to assist in estimating low flows on rural streams with unregulated streamflow in New York. Low-flow statistics published in the 1979 report need to be updated by using additional data collected since 1976 to determine current low-flow conditions across New York State.
\nAt-site low-flow statistics were updated for eight streamgages in New York by using continuous daily streamflow data through 2006 for the future development of a statewide research study. Selection of the eight streamgages used in this study identified a major deficiency in the number of available unregulated long-term U.S. Geological Survey streamgages needed for the development of regional low-flow equations in New York. A limited analysis of the changes in land use for the contributing drainage areas for each streamgage, changes in precipitation, and trends in the annual 7-day minimum flow also are presented. The 7-day, 2-year low flow showed increases of 14 to 35 percent and the 7-day 10-year low flow showed zero to 19 percent increases at rural streamgages with unregulated streamflows when statistics were computed by using data from 1976 through 2006 and compared with published data in Bulletin 74. When the entire period of record was used to compute low flow frequencies, the 7-day, 2-year low flows increased from about 6 to 15 percent whereas the 7-day 10-year low flows showed zero to 5 percent increases. Streamgages affected by urbanization and regulation for water supply showed the most significant changes in the 7-day, 2-year and 10-year low-flow frequencies. These streamgages are included to help identify the effects of urbanization and regulation on streamflow at these locations. The 7-day 10-year low flow increased by 65 percent at the U.S. Geological Survey streamgage Hackensack River at West Nyack, N.Y., and increased 120 percent at the U.S. Geological Survey streamgage Neversink River at Godeffroy, N.Y., when statistics were computed by using data from 1976 through 2006 and compared with the statistics for the regulated period computed in Bulletin 74.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115112","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation","usgsCitation":"Suro, T.P., and Gazoorian, C.L., 2011, Changes in low-flow frequency from 1976-2006 at selected streamgages in New York, excluding Long Island: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5112, vi, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115112.","productDescription":"vi, 21 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"1976-01-01","temporalEnd":"2006-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116367,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5112.gif"},{"id":115677,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5112/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -81,40 ], [ -81,45 ], [ -72,45 ], [ -72,40 ], [ -81,40 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f41be4b0c8380cd4bb43","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Suro, Thomas P. 0000-0002-9476-6829 tsuro@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9476-6829","contributorId":2841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Suro","given":"Thomas","email":"tsuro@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gazoorian, Christopher L. 0000-0002-5408-6212 cgazoori@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5408-6212","contributorId":2929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gazoorian","given":"Christopher","email":"cgazoori@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}