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","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041427","usgsCitation":"Bradley, P.M., and Chapelle, F.H., 2004, Chloroethene biodegradation potential in the \"lower\" contaminant plume, River Terrace RV Park, Soldotna, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1427, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041427.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":185744,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"5000000","country":"United States","state":"Alaska ","city":"Soldotna","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -151.14028930664062,\n 60.46838857273738\n ],\n [\n -151.00948333740234,\n 60.46838857273738\n ],\n [\n -151.00948333740234,\n 60.51523007423267\n ],\n [\n -151.14028930664062,\n 60.51523007423267\n ],\n [\n -151.14028930664062,\n 60.46838857273738\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dde4b07f02db5e2646","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradley, Paul M. 0000-0001-7522-8606 pbradley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-8606","contributorId":361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Paul","email":"pbradley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":282844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chapelle, Frances H.","contributorId":19234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapelle","given":"Frances","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":282845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70639,"text":"sir20045184 - 2004 - Collection, analysis, and age-dating of sediment cores from 56 U.S. lakes and reservoirs sampled by the U.S. Geological Survey, 1992-2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-07T18:52:30.042854","indexId":"sir20045184","displayToPublicDate":"2005-06-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5184","title":"Collection, analysis, and age-dating of sediment cores from 56 U.S. lakes and reservoirs sampled by the U.S. Geological Survey, 1992-2001","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey Reconstructed Trends National Synthesis study collected sediment cores from 56 lakes and reservoirs between 1992 and 2001 across the United States. Most of the sampling was conducted as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program. The primary objective of the study was to determine trends in particle-associated contaminants in response to urbanization; 47 of the 56 lakes are in or near one of 20 U.S. cities. Sampling was done with gravity, piston, and box corers from boats and push cores from boats or by wading, depending on the depth of water and thickness of sediment being sampled. Chemical analyses included major and trace elements, organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, cesium-137, and lead-210. Age-dating of the cores was done on the basis of radionuclide analyses and the position of the pre-reservoir land surface in the reservoir and, in a few cases, other chemical or lithologic depth-date markers. Dates were assigned in many cores on the basis of assumed constant mass accumulation between known depth-date markers. Dates assigned were supported using a variety of other date markers including first occurrence and peak concentrations of DDT and polychlorinated biphenyls and peak concentration of lead. A qualitative rating was assigned to each core on the basis of professional judgment to indicate the reliability of age assignments. A total of 122 cores were collected from the 56 lakes and age dates were assigned to 113 of them, representing 54 of the 56 lakes. Seventy-four of the 122 cores (61 percent) received a good rating for the assigned age dates, 28 cores (23 percent) a fair rating, and 11 cores (9 percent) a poor rating; nine cores (7 percent) had no dates assigned. An analysis of the influence of environmental factors on the apparent quality of age-dating of the cores concluded that the most important factor was the mass accumulation rate (MAR) of sediment: the greater the MAR, the better the temporal discretization in the samples and the less important the effects of postdepositional sediment disturbance. These age-dated sediment cores provide the basis for local-, regional-, and national-scale interpretations of water-quality trends.
This project collected, examined, and analyzed 217 fish representing three species at 10 stations in the U.S. portion of the Yukon River Basin (YRB) from May to October 2002. Four sampling sites were located on the Yukon River; two were located on the Porcupine River, and one site was on each of the Ray, Tanana, Tolavana, and Innoko Rivers. Norther pike (Esox lucius), longnose sucker (Catostomus catostomus), and burbot (Lota lota) were weighed and measured, and examined in the field for external and internal lesions, and liver, spleen, and gonads were weighed to compute somatic indices. Selected tissues and fluids were collected and preserved for analysis of fish health and reproductive biomarkers. Composite samples of whole fish from each station were grouped by species and gender and analyzed for organochlorines and elemental contaminants and for dioxin-like activity using H4IIE rat hepatoma cell bioassay.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20045285","usgsCitation":"Hinck, J.E., Bartish, T.M., Blazer, V., Denslow, N., Gross, T.S., Myers, M.S., Anderson, P.J., Orazio, C.E., and Tillitt, D.E., 2004, Biomonitoring of Environmental Status and Trends (BEST) Program: Environmental contaminants and their effects on fish in the Yukon River Basin: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5285, x, 87 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045285.","productDescription":"x, 87 p.","temporalStart":"2002-05-01","temporalEnd":"2002-10-31","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science 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corazio@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2532-9668","contributorId":1366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orazio","given":"Carl","email":"corazio@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":282456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Tillitt, Donald E. 0000-0002-8278-3955 dtillitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8278-3955","contributorId":1875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillitt","given":"Donald","email":"dtillitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":282457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70093,"text":"fs20043121 - 2004 - Oil and gas assessment of Yukon Flats, East-Central Alaska, 2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:03","indexId":"fs20043121","displayToPublicDate":"2005-02-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-3121","title":"Oil and gas assessment of Yukon Flats, East-Central Alaska, 2004","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/fs20043121","usgsCitation":"Stanley, R.G., Ahlbrandt, T.S., Charpentier, R., Cook, T.A., Crews, J.M., Klett, T., Lillis, P.G., Morin, R.L., Phillips, J.D., Pollastro, R.M., Rowan, E.L., Saltus, R.W., Schenk, C.J., Simpson, M.K., Till, A.B., Troutman, S.M., and Hendley, J.W., 2004, Oil and gas assessment of Yukon Flats, East-Central Alaska, 2004: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2004-3121, 2 p. 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These sediments generally were eroded from underlying rock, and then were transported and deposited. In places, they exceed 1,000 ft (330 m) in thickness. Where the sediment blanket is absent, bedrock is either exposed or has been weathered to produce a residual soil. This map shows the sediments and the weathered, residual material; for ease of discussion, these are referred to here as 'surficial materials.' Certain areas on this map include a significant number of rock outcrops, which cannot be shown at the scale of the map; this is noted in the 'Description of Map Units' section.\r\n\r\nMost daily human activities occur on or near the Earth's surface. Homeowners, communities, and governments can make improved decisions about hazard, resource, and environmental issues, when they understand the nature of surficial materials and how they vary from place to place. For example, are the surficial materials upon which a home is built stable enough to resist subsidence or lateral movement during an earthquake? Do these materials support a ground water resource adequate for new homes? Can they adequately filter contaminants and protect buried aquifers both in underlying sediments and in bedrock? Are they suitable for development of a new wetland? Where can we find materials suitable for aggregate?\r\n\r\nThe USGS National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program (NCGMP) works with the State geological surveys to identify priority areas for mapping of surficial materials (for example, in areas of complex and poorly understood deposits of various sediment types, where metropolitan areas are experiencing rapid growth). To help establish these priorities, a modern, synoptic overview of the geology is needed. This map represents an overview of our current knowledge of the composition and distribution of surficial materials in the conterminous United States. (The map covers only the conterminous U.S. because similar geologic information in digital form was not readily available for Alaska and Hawaii.) The best available map has been a highly generalized depiction at 1:7,500,000-scale (about 120 miles to the inch), prepared for the USGS National Atlas (Hunt, 1979; 1986).\r\n\r\nThis map is compiled at a slightly more detailed scale (about 80 miles to the inch) than Hunt (1979; 1986). We used digital methods, which enabled us to rapidly incorporate the variety of source maps available to us. State-scale geologic maps from the western United States were brought directly into this map, without expending the time needed to resolve interpretive differences among them. Therefore, abrupt changes in surficial materials are indicated along many State boundaries. This of course is an artifact of our compilation technique, and a limitation on its utility. However, this approach supports the basic premise of the map -- to provide an overview of surficial materials, and to identify areas where additional work may be needed in order to resolve scientific issues that can, in turn, lead to improved mapping.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr2003275","usgsCitation":"Soller, D.R., and Reheis, M., 2004, Surficial materials in the conterminous United States: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-275, map, 44 by 41 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr2003275.","productDescription":"map, 44 by 41 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":110701,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_80604.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"80604"},{"id":186404,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9269,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-275/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"5000000","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db68887f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Soller, David R. 0000-0001-6177-8332 drsoller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6177-8332","contributorId":2700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soller","given":"David","email":"drsoller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5061,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping and Landslide Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reheis, Marith C. 0000-0002-8359-323X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8359-323X","contributorId":101244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reheis","given":"Marith C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70055,"text":"ofr20041033 - 2004 - 1999 Volcanic activity in Alaska and Kamchatka: Summary of events and response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-17T21:05:21.15412","indexId":"ofr20041033","displayToPublicDate":"2005-02-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1033","title":"1999 Volcanic activity in Alaska and Kamchatka: Summary of events and response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory","docAbstract":"The Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO) monitors 41 historically active volcanoes along the Aleutian Arc. Twenty are seismically monitored and for the rest, the AVO monitoring program relies mainly on daily analysis of satellite images, pilot reports, and observations of local residents and ship's crews. In 1999, AVO responded to eruptive activity or suspect volcanic activity at 7 volcanic centers: Wrangell, Shrub mud volcano, Iliamna, Veniaminof, Pavlof, Shishaldin, and Vsevidof volcanoes. Of these, in 1999, AVO had real-time, continuously recording seismic networks at Iliamna, and Shishaldin. The phrase “suspect volcanic activity” (SVA), used to characterize several responses, is an eruption report or report of unusual activity that is subsequently determined to be normal or enhanced fumarolic activity, weather-related phenomena, or a non-volcanic event.
In addition to responding to eruptive activity at Alaska volcanoes, AVO also disseminated information for the Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) about the 1999 activity of four Russian volcanoes: Sheveluch, Klyuchevskoy, Bezimianny, and Karymsky volcanoes.
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","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041386","usgsCitation":"Szumigala, D.J., Graham, G.E., and Athey, J.E., 2004, Alaska resource data file: Tanana quadrangle (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1386, 310 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041386.","productDescription":"310 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":486313,"rank":5,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1386/of2004-1386.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.35 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2004-1386"},{"id":191111,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":484199,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_70414.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":484200,"rank":4,"type":{"id":18,"text":"Project Site"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P96MMRFD","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":6701,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1386/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"500000","country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Tanana quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -153,\n 66\n ],\n [\n -153,\n 65\n ],\n [\n -150,\n 65\n ],\n [\n -150,\n 66\n ],\n [\n -153,\n 66\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db68852b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Szumigala, David J.","contributorId":42091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Szumigala","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Graham, Garth E. 0000-0003-0657-0365 ggraham@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0657-0365","contributorId":1031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"Garth","email":"ggraham@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Athey, Jennifer E.","contributorId":95326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Athey","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70038,"text":"ofr20041385 - 2004 - Alaska resource data file, Ruby quadrangle, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-29T13:11:50.685658","indexId":"ofr20041385","displayToPublicDate":"2005-02-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1385","title":"Alaska resource data file, Ruby quadrangle, Alaska","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041385","usgsCitation":"Cameron, C., and Graham, G.E., 2004, Alaska resource data file, Ruby quadrangle, Alaska (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1385, 130 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041385.","productDescription":"130 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":484137,"rank":4,"type":{"id":18,"text":"Project Site"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P96MMRFD","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":484136,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_70413.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":6702,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1385/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":191112,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":493054,"rank":5,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1385/of2004-1385.pdf","text":"Report","size":"655 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"500000","country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Ruby quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -156,\n 65\n ],\n [\n -156,\n 64\n ],\n [\n -153,\n 64\n ],\n [\n -153,\n 65\n ],\n [\n -156,\n 65\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db68867f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cameron, Cheryl E.","contributorId":37421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cameron","given":"Cheryl E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Graham, Garth E. 0000-0003-0657-0365 ggraham@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0657-0365","contributorId":1031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"Garth","email":"ggraham@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70039,"text":"ofr20041384 - 2004 - Alaska resource data file: Craig quadrangle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-29T11:42:33.506312","indexId":"ofr20041384","displayToPublicDate":"2005-02-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1384","title":"Alaska resource data file: Craig quadrangle","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
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","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041034","usgsCitation":"Neal, C., McGimsey, R.G., and Chubarova, O., 2004, 2000 volcanic activity in Alaska and Kamchatka: summary of events and response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1034, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041034.","productDescription":"37 p.","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":186628,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6734,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1034/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":414483,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_70121.htm"}],"country":"Russia, United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Kamchatka Peninsula, Kurile Islands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -144,\n 62.0167\n ],\n [\n -163.9667,\n 62.0167\n ],\n [\n -163.9667,\n 54.75\n ],\n [\n -144,\n 54.75\n ],\n [\n -144,\n 62.0167\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 154.49518889483136,\n 58.4897841447181\n ],\n [\n 154.49518889483136,\n 49.65085752047179\n ],\n [\n 163.90371788130085,\n 49.65085752047179\n ],\n [\n 163.90371788130085,\n 58.4897841447181\n ],\n [\n 154.49518889483136,\n 58.4897841447181\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd491de4b0b290850eee67","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Neal, Christina A. 0000-0002-7697-7825","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7697-7825","contributorId":82660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neal","given":"Christina A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGimsey, Robert G. 0000-0001-5379-7779 mcgimsey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5379-7779","contributorId":2352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGimsey","given":"Robert","email":"mcgimsey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chubarova, Olga","contributorId":89609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chubarova","given":"Olga","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":69953,"text":"sim2817A - 2004 - Geologic map of the Umiat quadrangle, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-31T11:59:01","indexId":"sim2817A","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2817","chapter":"A","title":"Geologic map of the Umiat quadrangle, Alaska","docAbstract":"This geologic map of the Umiat quadrangle is a compilation of previously published USGS geologic maps and unpublished mapping done for the Richfield Oil Corporation. Geologic mapping from these three primary sources was augmented with additional unpublished map data from British Petroleum Company. This report incorporates recent revisions in stratigraphic nomenclature. Stratigraphic and structural interpretations were revised with the aid of modern high-resolution color infrared aerial photographs. The revised geologic map was checked in the field during the summers of 2001 and 2002. The geologic unit descriptions on this map give detailed information on thicknesses, regional distributions, age determinations, and depositional environments. The paper version of this map is available for purchase from the USGS Store.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sim2817A","usgsCitation":"Mull, C.G., Houseknecht, D.W., Pessel, G.H., and Garrity, C.P., 2004, Geologic map of the Umiat quadrangle, Alaska (Version 1.3, Revised 2007): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 2817, ReadMe; Map Sheet: 32 x 35 inches; Data Files, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim2817A.","productDescription":"ReadMe; Map Sheet: 32 x 35 inches; Data Files","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":191292,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":110547,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_70334.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"70334"},{"id":6306,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2004/2817a/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"Alaska","edition":"Version 1.3, Revised 2007","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a811c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mull, Charles G.","contributorId":49343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mull","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Houseknecht, David W. 0000-0002-9633-6910 dhouse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9633-6910","contributorId":645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houseknecht","given":"David","email":"dhouse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pessel, G. H.","contributorId":12554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pessel","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Garrity, Christopher P. 0000-0002-5565-1818 cgarrity@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5565-1818","contributorId":644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garrity","given":"Christopher","email":"cgarrity@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5061,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping and Landslide Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":69921,"text":"sir20045111 - 2004 - Evaluation of pier-scour equations for coarse-bed streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:23","indexId":"sir20045111","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5111","title":"Evaluation of pier-scour equations for coarse-bed streams","docAbstract":"Streambed scour at bridge piers is among the leading causes of bridge failure in the United States. Several pier-scour equations have been developed to calculate potential scour depths at existing and proposed bridges. Because many pier-scour equations are based on data from laboratory flumes and from cohesionless silt- and sand-bottomed streams, they tend to overestimate scour for piers in coarse-bed materials. Several equations have been developed to incorporate the mitigating effects of large particle sizes on pier scour, but further investigations are needed to evaluate how accurately pier-scour depths calculated by these equations match measured field data.\r\n\r\nThis report, prepared in cooperation with the Montana Department of Transportation, describes the evaluation of five pier-scour equations for coarse-bed streams. Pier-scour and associated bridge-geometry, bed-material, and streamflow-measurement data at bridges over coarse-bed streams in Montana, Alaska, Maryland, Ohio, and Virginia were selected from the Bridge Scour Data Management System. Pier scour calculated using the Simplified Chinese equation, the Froehlich equation, the Froehlich design equation, the HEC-18/Jones equation and the HEC-18/Mueller equation for flood events with approximate recurrence intervals of less than 2 to 100 years were compared to 42 pier-scour measurements. Comparison of results showed that pier-scour depths calculated with the HEC-18/Mueller equation were seldom smaller than measured pier-scour depths. In addition, pier-scour depths calculated using the HEC-18/Mueller equation were closer to measured scour than for the other equations that did not underestimate pier scour. However, more data are needed from coarse-bed streams and from less frequent flood events to further evaluate pier-scour equations.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20045111","usgsCitation":"Chase, K.J., and Holnbeck, S.R., 2004, Evaluation of pier-scour equations for coarse-bed streams: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5111, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045111.","productDescription":"24 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":188786,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6273,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir2004-5111/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -168.81722222222223,25.50138888888889 ], [ -168.81722222222223,71.83555555555554 ], [ -66.95222222222222,71.83555555555554 ], [ -66.95222222222222,25.50138888888889 ], [ -168.81722222222223,25.50138888888889 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48ede4b07f02db556bb0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chase, Katherine J. 0000-0002-5796-4148 kchase@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5796-4148","contributorId":454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chase","given":"Katherine","email":"kchase@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holnbeck, Stephen R. 0000-0001-7313-9298 holnbeck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7313-9298","contributorId":1724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holnbeck","given":"Stephen","email":"holnbeck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":281537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":69915,"text":"wdrAK031 - 2004 - Water resources data, Alaska, water year 2003","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-31T09:43:09","indexId":"wdrAK031","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"AK-03-1","title":"Water resources data, Alaska, water year 2003","docAbstract":"Water resources data for the 2003 water year for Alaska consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stages of lakes; and water levels and water quality of ground water. This volume contains records for water discharge at 118 gaging stations; stage or contents only at 4 gaging stations; water quality at 28 gaging stations; and water levels for 53 observation wells. Also included are data for 66 crest-stage partial-record stations. Additional water data were collected at various sites not involved in the systematic data-collection program and are published as miscellaneous measurements and analyses. Some data collected during 2003 will be published in subsequent reports. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in Alaska.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Anchorage, AK","doi":"10.3133/wdrAK031","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Alaska and with other agencies","usgsCitation":"Meyer, D.F., Bartu, D., Eash, J., and Swenson, W., 2004, Water resources data, Alaska, water year 2003: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report AK-03-1, xxx, 445 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrAK031.","productDescription":"xxx, 445 p.","numberOfPages":"477","temporalStart":"2002-10-01","temporalEnd":"2003-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":188607,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6268,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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F.","contributorId":21167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bartu, D.P.","contributorId":83613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartu","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eash, J.D.","contributorId":68410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eash","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Swenson, W.A.","contributorId":26363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swenson","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":69872,"text":"sir20045258 - 2004 - Status assessment and conservation plan for the yellow-billed loon (Gavia adamsii)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T16:08:05","indexId":"sir20045258","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5258","title":"Status assessment and conservation plan for the yellow-billed loon (Gavia adamsii)","docAbstract":"Because of its restricted range, small population size, specific habitat requirements, and perceived threats to its breeding habitat, the Yellow-billed Loon (Gavia adamsii) is a species of conservation concern to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the subject of a petition for listing under the Endangered Species Act. This Status Assessment synthesizes current information on population size, trends, and potential threats to Yellow-billed Loons, and the Conservation Plan identifies research and monitoring activities that would contribute to the conservation of this species. The preparation of this report was requested and funded by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Nongame Bird Office, Region 7.The Status Assessment and Conservation Plan for the Yellow-billed Loon can be summarized as follows:? Northern Alaska breeding grounds support an average of 3,369 individuals, including <1,000 nesting pairs in most years. The Yellow-billed Loon ranks as one of the 10 rarest birds that breeds regularly within the main land U.S. and one of only 20 with a North American population <16,000 individuals (Section 6-E).? There is no evidence of a long-term trend in the Yellow-billed Loon population index since 1986 (-0.9% annual change), but interpretation of surveys is complicated by changes in observers and high annual variation, and the 95% confidence interval is large (-3.6% to +1.8% annual change). The low reproductive potential of Yellow-billed Loons suggests that recovery from a substantial decline would not occur rapidly. There are no systematic surveys of Canadian and Russian breeding populations (Section 6-F).? The expansion of the oil industry into prime Yellow-billed Loon breeding habitat is a recent occurrence and we lack the necessary information to accurately predict its effect on the population. Most of northern Alaska?s Yellow-billed Loons (91%) occur on the National Petroleum Reserve?Alaska, virtually all of which is open or proposed to be opened to development and where there is no permanent or legal protection of Yellow-billed Loon habitat (Section 7-A).? Other potential factors affecting the population are also addressed, such as contaminants, subsistence hunting, by catch in subsistence and commercial fisheries on the breeding and wintering grounds, and health of the marine ecosystem off the coast of East Asia where Alaska?s Yellow-billed Loons winter, but data are lacking to reach strong conclusions on most issues.? The conservation goal adopted by the Alaska Loon and Grebe Working Group for the Yellow-billed Loon is to maintain a stable breeding population, of current size and distribution, across the extent of the loon?s breeding range in Alaska. The Conservation Plan, designed to provide information necessary to meet this goal, puts forth seven objectives: 1) Conduct annual population surveys having negligible bias and 80% statistical power to detect a 3.4% annual decline, a decline that would result in a 50% loss of the population within 20 years; 2) Obtain an unbiased and reliable estimate of the size of Alaska?s breeding population; 3) Identify geographic regions and habitats of importance during breeding, staging, and wintering periods; 4) Use demographic models to evaluate risks to the population; 5) Identify potential effects of oil development on the breeding grounds and measures necessary to minimize the effects; 6) Evaluate the magnitude of subsistence harvest and by catch and their potential effects on the population; 7) Develop a continent-wide and range-wide context for Alaska?s population and habitat objectives.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20045258","usgsCitation":"Earnst, S.L., 2004, Status assessment and conservation plan for the yellow-billed loon (Gavia adamsii): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5258, 42 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045258.","productDescription":"42 p.","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":6208,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2004/5258/sir20045258.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2004-5258"},{"id":191045,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2004/5258/coverthb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dae4b07f02db5e0426","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Earnst, Susan L. susan_earnst@usgs.gov","contributorId":4446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Earnst","given":"Susan","email":"susan_earnst@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":69886,"text":"fs20043103 - 2004 - Seismic monitoring of the Atwood building in Anchorage, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:52","indexId":"fs20043103","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-3103","title":"Seismic monitoring of the Atwood building in Anchorage, Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/fs20043103","usgsCitation":"Çelebi, M., McCarthy, J., Biswas, N., Wald, L., Page, R., and Steidl, J., 2004, Seismic monitoring of the Atwood building in Anchorage, Alaska (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2004-3103, 1 sheet ([2] p.) : col. ill., col. map ; 28 x 18 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20043103.","productDescription":"1 sheet ([2] p.) : col. ill., col. map ; 28 x 18 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":121245,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2004_3103.bmp"},{"id":6214,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2004/3103/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb7d0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Çelebi, Mehmet 0000-0002-4769-7357 celebi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4769-7357","contributorId":3205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Çelebi","given":"Mehmet","email":"celebi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":281450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCarthy, Jill jmccarthy@usgs.gov","contributorId":2732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCarthy","given":"Jill","email":"jmccarthy@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":281449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Biswas, Niren","contributorId":46179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biswas","given":"Niren","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wald, Lisa","contributorId":60196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wald","given":"Lisa","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Page, Robert","contributorId":72470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Page","given":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Steidl, Jamison","contributorId":8187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steidl","given":"Jamison","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70228941,"text":"70228941 - 2004 - Environments of northwestern North America before the last glacial maximum","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-24T15:31:14.579413","indexId":"70228941","displayToPublicDate":"2004-12-31T09:03:32","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"3","title":"Environments of northwestern North America before the last glacial maximum","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Entering America: Northeast Asia and Beringia before the last glacial maximum","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"University of Utah Press","usgsCitation":"Clague, J.J., Mathewes, R., and Ager, T.A., 2004, Environments of northwestern North America before the last glacial maximum, chap. 3 of Entering America: Northeast Asia and Beringia before the last glacial maximum, p. 63-94.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"63","endPage":"94","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":396423,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska, Alberta, British Columbia, Idaho, Montana, Northwest Territories, Washington, Yukon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.04882812499999,\n 47.45780853075031\n ],\n [\n -113.203125,\n 51.17934297928927\n ],\n [\n -134.82421875,\n 69.25614923150721\n ],\n [\n -157.412109375,\n 71.55274065141299\n ],\n [\n -167.958984375,\n 68.87935761076949\n ],\n [\n -169.365234375,\n 64.54844014422517\n ],\n [\n -172.35351562499997,\n 63.66576033778838\n ],\n [\n -170.068359375,\n 52.10650519075632\n ],\n [\n -152.2265625,\n 57.27904276497778\n ],\n [\n -147.12890625,\n 59.62332522313024\n ],\n [\n -140.712890625,\n 58.859223547066584\n ],\n [\n -133.2421875,\n 52.802761415419674\n ],\n [\n -124.541015625,\n 46.195042108660154\n ],\n [\n -115.04882812499999,\n 47.45780853075031\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clague, John J.","contributorId":270213,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clague","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":56114,"text":"Department of Earth Sciences, Simon Fraser University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mathewes, Rolf","contributorId":280069,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mathewes","given":"Rolf","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":835986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ager, Thomas A. 0000-0002-5029-7581 tager@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5029-7581","contributorId":736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ager","given":"Thomas","email":"tager@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":835985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70188077,"text":"70188077 - 2004 - Testing archival tag technology in coho salmon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-21T16:30:50","indexId":"70188077","displayToPublicDate":"2004-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Testing archival tag technology in coho salmon","docAbstract":"Archive tags with temperature and light-geolocation sensors will be monitored for post-smolt coho salmon in Cook Inlet. Light/location relationships specific to the Gulf of Alaska developed under Project 00478 will be applied in this study of movement and migration paths for coho salmon during maturation in ocean environments in Cook Inlet. Salmon for this study will be reared in captivity (at the Alaska Department of Fish and Game hatchery at Fort Richardson) to 1+ year of age (200-250mm) and released in Cook Inlet as part of the department's Ship Creek sport-fishing hatchery release. FY 01 includes pilot studies of tag retention, behavior, and growth for coho in captivity. Ship Creek coho will be tagged mid-May. A spring release experiment in the first year will be contingent on the successful implementation and retention of these tags. Surveys for early jack recoveries will be done at the Ship Creek weir and among sport fishers. Monitoring for adult tag recoveries will be done in the coho commercial fishery in Cook Inlet and the derby sport fishery on Ship Creek. Archive tagged fish will be used to document coho salmon use of marine habitats, migration routes, contribution to the sport fishery, and hatchery/wild interactions for salmon in Cook Inlet.
","language":"English","publisher":"Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council","publisherLocation":"Anchorage, AK","usgsCitation":"Nielsen, J.L., Richards, P., Tingey, T., Wilson, D., and Zimmerman, C.E., 2004, Testing archival tag technology in coho salmon, 18 p.","productDescription":"18 p.","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341893,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":342532,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.evostc.state.ak.us/index.cfm?FA=searchresults.projectInfo&Project_ID=344"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Cook Inlet","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -149.150390625,\n 59.72594656451894\n ],\n [\n -146.7279052734375,\n 59.72594656451894\n ],\n [\n -146.7279052734375,\n 60.98376689595989\n ],\n [\n -149.150390625,\n 60.98376689595989\n ],\n [\n -149.150390625,\n 59.72594656451894\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publicComments":"Final Report: Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Restoration Project 02404","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"592e84cae4b092b266f10de8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nielsen, Jennifer L.","contributorId":43722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nielsen","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":696575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Richards, Philip","contributorId":55090,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Richards","given":"Philip","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tingey, Thor","contributorId":38654,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tingey","given":"Thor","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wilson, Derek","contributorId":178950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Derek","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":698298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zimmerman, Christian E. 0000-0002-3646-0688 czimmerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3646-0688","contributorId":410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Christian","email":"czimmerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70197332,"text":"70197332 - 2004 - Origin of the Bering Sea salient","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-29T16:14:49","indexId":"70197332","displayToPublicDate":"2004-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1727,"text":"GSA Special Papers","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Origin of the Bering Sea salient","docAbstract":"Our investigations in Alaska and Russia show that the curved orogen of the Bering Strait region is a composite feature that formed as a result of multiple superimposed events and cannot be related to latest Cretaceous–early Tertiary east-west shortening. Relations interpreted to record east-west shortening include the Chukchi syntaxis, deformation on Seward and Chukotka Peninsulas, the map pattern of Triassic-Jurassic mafic rocks, and plate reconstructions. These relations are reviewed in light of new data and show that the curved orogen cannot have been formed by east-west shortening. For example, the Chukchi syntaxis, the northeastern limb of the orogen, is a primary structural loop that originated during the Brookian orogeny in the Early Cretaceous and therefore predates postulated oroclinal bending. East-west shortening on Seward Peninsula and Chukotka is manifest by low-amplitude, long-wavelength folds that require only small strains. The Seward Peninsula/Yukon-Koyukuk province boundary was previously interpreted as a thrust fault, but it instead may be a left-lateral strike-slip fault. Triassic-Jurassic mafic rocks similar to the Angayucham terrane are found on the northern Chukotka Peninsula, but a better correlation is with rocks farther south in the South Anyui suture zone, resulting in a less-arcuate pattern. Mid-Cretaceous north-south extension in the Bering Strait region has enhanced the curvature of the margin. Recent plate reconstructions indicate that shortening between Eurasia and North America was previously overestimated and that significant east-west convergence probably did not occur in the region during the Tertiary. We conclude that the curved orogen in the Bering Strait region is not a true orocline and instead is a composite structural feature that is best described as a salient.
","largerWorkTitle":"Orogenic curvature: Integrating paleomagnetic and structural analyses","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0-8137-2383-3(2004)383[131:OOTBSS]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Amato, J., Toro, J., and Moore, T.E., 2004, Origin of the Bering Sea salient: GSA Special Papers, v. 383, p. 131-144, https://doi.org/10.1130/0-8137-2383-3(2004)383[131:OOTBSS]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"131","endPage":"144","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354554,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"383","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b1580e3e4b092d9651e2083","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Amato, J.M.","contributorId":63214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amato","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":736710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Toro, J.","contributorId":88502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toro","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":736711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moore, Thomas E. 0000-0002-0878-0457 tmoore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0878-0457","contributorId":1033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Thomas","email":"tmoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":736712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70187772,"text":"70187772 - 2004 - Using Forward Looking Infrared (FLIR) imagery to detect polar bear maternal dens: Operations manual","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-24T17:04:38","indexId":"70187772","displayToPublicDate":"2004-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5,"text":"BOEM","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"MMS 2004-062","title":"Using Forward Looking Infrared (FLIR) imagery to detect polar bear maternal dens: Operations manual","docAbstract":"Recent research has shown that Forward Looking Infia-Red (FLIR) imagery can detect polar bear dens despite total snow cover over their deming habitat. FLIR imagers detect a AT or difference in temperature between objects in the imager's field of view. During the Arctic winter, the groundlsnow surface is typically cold, providing a dark background in the FLIR imager. Sources of heat appear as lighter or white areas. Dens, in particular, appear as small bright \"hotspots\", usually with kzy boundaries (Appendix 1). Most commonly, since bears chose deep snow drifts for deming, dens can be distinguished from the normally dark (cold) band of drifted snow surrounding them. This innovation has the potential to prevent human activities fiom disturbing deming polar bears by allowing managers to discover dens before potentially disruptive activities begin.
This is important because expanding resource extraction in Alaska's Arctic regions may threaten the welfare of polar bears and their habitat. In recent years, exploration and development activities have expanded east and west of the original oil fields of Prudhoe Bay. Hydrocarbon extraction is now occurring or planned along much of the central Beaufort Sea coast. As development continues into the National Petroleum Reserve, the scope of expansion could include 213 of the northern coastal region of Alaska. Industrial activities are a potential threat to polar bears, especially as they might disturb bears in maternal dens (Lentfer and Hensel 1980, Stirling 1990, Stirling and Andriashek 1992, Amstrup 1993, Amstrup and Gardner 1994). As the number of humans and their activities have increased in recent years, there has been a concurrent increase in the number of female polar bears deming on land (Amstrup and Gardner 1994). Therefore, the probability of disrupting maternal deming can be expected to increase in the future. Using FLIR surveys to detect bears in dens could reduce or eliminate that probability. The purpose of this manual is to provide agency and private sector land managers with the information necessary to perform effective FLIR surveys to detect maternal dens. A list of personnel who can provide additional information is provided in Appendix 2.
","language":"English","publisher":"Minerals Management Service ","publisherLocation":"Anchorage, AK","usgsCitation":"York, G.S., Amstrup, S.C., and Simac, K.S., 2004, Using Forward Looking Infrared (FLIR) imagery to detect polar bear maternal dens: Operations manual: BOEM MMS 2004-062, i, 57 p.","productDescription":"i, 57 p.","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341459,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":341740,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.boem.gov/Alaska-Reports-2004/"}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"591eb2e4e4b0a7fdb4418ba4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"York, Geoffrey S.","contributorId":40467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"York","given":"Geoffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Amstrup, Steven C.","contributorId":67034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amstrup","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13182,"text":"Polar Bears International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":695587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Simac, Kristin S. 0000-0002-4072-1940 ksimac@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4072-1940","contributorId":131096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simac","given":"Kristin","email":"ksimac@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70188098,"text":"70188098 - 2004 - Seafloor habitat mapping and classification in Glacier Bay, Alaska: Phase 1 & 2 1996-2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-31T11:29:26","indexId":"70188098","displayToPublicDate":"2004-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Seafloor habitat mapping and classification in Glacier Bay, Alaska: Phase 1 & 2 1996-2004","docAbstract":"Glacier Bay is a diverse fjord ecosystem with multiple sills, numerous tidewater glaciers and a highly complex oceanographic system. The Bay was completely glaciated prior to the 1700’s and subsequently experienced the fastest glacial retreat recorded in historical times. Currently, some of the highest sedimentation rates ever observed occur in the Bay, along with rapid uplift (up to 2.5 cm/year) due to a combination of plate tectonics and isostatic rebound. Glacier Bay is the second deepest fjord in Alaska, with depths over 500 meters. This variety of physical processes and bathymetry creates many diverse habitats within a relatively small area (1,255 km2 ).
Habitat can be defined as the locality, including resources and environmental conditions, occupied by a species or population of organisms (Morrison et al 1992). Mapping and characterization of benthic habitat is crucial to an understanding of marine species and can serve a variety of purposes including: understanding species distributions and improving stock assessments, designing special management areas and marine protected areas, monitoring and protecting important habitats, and assessing habitat change due to natural or human impacts. In 1996, Congress recognized the importance of understanding benthic habitat for fisheries management by reauthorizing the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act and amending it with the Sustainable Fisheries Act (SFA). This amendment emphasizes the importance of habitat protection to healthy fisheries and requires identification of essential fish habitat in management decisions. Recently, the National Park Service’s Ocean Stewardship Strategy identified the creation of benthic habitat maps and sediment maps as crucial components to complete basic ocean park resource inventories (Davis 2003).
Glacier Bay National Park managers currently have very limited knowledge about the bathymetry, sediment types, and various marine habitats of ecological importance in the Park. Ocean floor bathymetry and sediment type are the building blocks of marine communities. Bottom type and shape affects the kinds of benthic communities that develop in a particular environment as well as the oceanographic conditions that communities are subject to. Accurate mapping of the ocean floor is essential for park manager’s understanding of existing marine communities and will be important in assessing human induced changes (e.g., vessel traffic and commercial fishing), biological change (e.g., rapid sea otter recolonization), and geological processes of change (e.g., deglaciation). Information on animal-habitat relationships, particularly within a marine reserve framework, will be valuable to agencies making decisions about critical habitats, marine reserve design, as well as fishery management. Identification and mapping of benthic habitat provides National Park Service mangers with tools to increase the effectiveness of resource management.
The primary objective of this project is to investigate the geological characteristics of the biological habitats of halibut, Dungeness crab, king crab, and Tanner crab within Glacier Bay National Park. Additionally, habitat classification of shallow water regions of Glacier Bay will provide crucial information on the relationship between benthic habitat features and the abundance of benthic prey items for a variety of marine predators, including sea ducks, the rapidly increasing population of sea otters, and other marine mammals.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Hooge, P.N., Carlson, P.R., Mondragon, J., Etherington, L.L., and Cochran, G., 2004, Seafloor habitat mapping and classification in Glacier Bay, Alaska: Phase 1 & 2 1996-2004, 184 p.","productDescription":"184 p.","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341917,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Glacier Bay National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -138.18603515625,\n 58.03718871323224\n ],\n [\n -134.923095703125,\n 58.03718871323224\n ],\n [\n -134.923095703125,\n 59.377988012638895\n ],\n [\n -138.18603515625,\n 59.377988012638895\n ],\n [\n -138.18603515625,\n 58.03718871323224\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"592fd642e4b0e9bd0ea89722","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hooge, Philip N.","contributorId":77587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooge","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carlson, Paul R.","contributorId":81469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mondragon, Jennifer","contributorId":57580,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mondragon","given":"Jennifer","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Etherington, Lisa L.","contributorId":103375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Etherington","given":"Lisa","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cochran, G.R.","contributorId":28563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cochran","given":"G.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70206388,"text":"70206388 - 2004 - Mitigation of earthquake damage","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-31T13:38:27","indexId":"70206388","displayToPublicDate":"2004-11-01T13:35:24","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Mitigation of earthquake damage","docAbstract":"The article describes the use of a geologic map to help mitigate earthquake damage along the Denali Fault where the Trans-Alaska Pipeline crosses. Geologic mapping of bedrock and unconsolidated deposits reveals a history of horizontal right-lateral slip and local vertical separations at the fault. It was determined that the eastern 220 mile of the Denali and Totschunda fault system was the most likely segment to generate an 8+ magnitude earthquake.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Meeting Challenges with Geologic Maps","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geosciences Institute","publisherLocation":"Alexandria, VA","isbn":"9780922152704","usgsCitation":"Plafker, G., 2004, Mitigation of earthquake damage, chap. of Meeting Challenges with Geologic Maps, p. 56-57.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"56","endPage":"57","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":368832,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -146.513671875,\n 62.34960927573042\n ],\n [\n -141.943359375,\n 62.34960927573042\n ],\n [\n -141.943359375,\n 64.09140752262307\n ],\n [\n -146.513671875,\n 64.09140752262307\n ],\n [\n -146.513671875,\n 62.34960927573042\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Plafker, George 0000-0003-3972-0390","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3972-0390","contributorId":36603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plafker","given":"George","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":774359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":58244,"text":"ofr20041311 - 2004 - Alaska resource data file: Iditarod quadrangle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-29T11:52:09.044718","indexId":"ofr20041311","displayToPublicDate":"2004-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1311","title":"Alaska resource data file: Iditarod quadrangle","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041311","usgsCitation":"Bundtzen, T., Miller, M.L., and Hawley, C.C., 2004, Alaska resource data file: Iditarod quadrangle (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1311, 374 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041311.","productDescription":"374 p.","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":483995,"rank":4,"type":{"id":18,"text":"Project Site"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P96MMRFD","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":483994,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_69998.htm"},{"id":5827,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1311/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":185035,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":486491,"rank":5,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1311/of2004-1311.pdf","text":"Report","size":"996 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Iditarod quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -156,\n 63\n ],\n [\n -159,\n 63\n ],\n [\n -159,\n 62\n ],\n [\n -156,\n 62\n ],\n [\n -156,\n 63\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae2e4b07f02db688e22","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bundtzen, Thomas K.","contributorId":83560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bundtzen","given":"Thomas K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, Marti L. 0000-0003-0285-4942 mlmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0285-4942","contributorId":561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Marti","email":"mlmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":258537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hawley, Charles C.","contributorId":97570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hawley","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":56323,"text":"ofr20041225 - 2004 - Development and Calibration of Two-Dimensional Hydrodynamic Model of the Tanana River near Tok, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-21T13:44:15","indexId":"ofr20041225","displayToPublicDate":"2004-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1225","title":"Development and Calibration of Two-Dimensional Hydrodynamic Model of the Tanana River near Tok, Alaska","docAbstract":"Bathymetric and hydraulic data were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey on the Tanana River in proximity to Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities' bridge number 505 at mile 80.5 of the Alaska Highway. Data were collected from August 7-9, 2002, over an approximate 5,000- foot reach of the river. These data were combined with topographic data provided by Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities to generate a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model.\r\n\r\nThe hydrodynamic model was calibrated with water-surface elevations, flow velocities, and flow directions collected at a discharge of 25,600 cubic feet per second. The calibrated model was then used for a simulation of the 100-year recurrence interval discharge of 51,900 cubic feet per second. The existing bridge piers were removed from the model geometry in a second simulation to model the hydraulic conditions in the channel without the piers' influence. The water-surface elevations, flow velocities, and flow directions from these simulations can be used to evaluate the influence of the piers on flow hydraulics and will assist the Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities in the design of a replacement bridge.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041225","usgsCitation":"Conaway, J.S., and Moran, E.H., 2004, Development and Calibration of Two-Dimensional Hydrodynamic Model of the Tanana River near Tok, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1225, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041225.","productDescription":"22 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":5699,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr2004-1225/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":184839,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db66733f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conaway, Jeffrey S. 0000-0002-3036-592X jconaway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3036-592X","contributorId":2026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conaway","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jconaway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":255231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moran, Edward H. emoran@usgs.gov","contributorId":5445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moran","given":"Edward","email":"emoran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":255230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":57987,"text":"sir20045021 - 2004 - Water-quality, biological, and physical-habitat conditions at fixed sites in the Cook Inlet Basin, Alaska, National Water-Quality Assessment Study Unit, October 1998-September 2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:12:14","indexId":"sir20045021","displayToPublicDate":"2004-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5021","title":"Water-quality, biological, and physical-habitat conditions at fixed sites in the Cook Inlet Basin, Alaska, National Water-Quality Assessment Study Unit, October 1998-September 2001","docAbstract":"The Cook Inlet Basin study unit of the U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Quality Assessment Program comprises 39,325 square miles in south-central Alaska. Data were collected at eight fixed sites to provide baseline information in areas where no development has taken place, urbanization or logging have occurred, or the effects of recreation are increasing. Collection of water-quality, biology, and physical-habitat data began in October 1998 and ended in September 2001 (water years 1999-2001).\r\n\r\nThe climate for the water years in the study may be categorized as slightly cool-wet (1999), slightly warm-wet (2000), and significantly warm-dry (2001). Total precipitation was near normal during the study period, and air temperatures ranged from modestly cool in water year 1999 to near normal in 2000, and to notably warm in 2001. Snowmelt runoff dominates the hydrology of streams in the Cook Inlet Basin. Average annual flows at the fixed sites were approximately the same as the long-term average annual flows, with the exception of those in glacier-fed basins, which had above-average flow in water year 2001.\r\n\r\nWater temperature of all streams studied in the Cook Inlet Basin remained at 0 oC for about 6 months per year, and average annual water temperatures ranged from 3.3 to 6.2 degrees Celsius. Of the water-quality constituents sampled, all concentrations were less than drinking-water standards and only one constituent, the pesticide carbaryl, exceeded aquatic-life standards. Most of the stream waters of the Cook Inlet Basin were classified as calcium bicarbonate, which reflects the underlying geology. Streams in the Cook Inlet Basin draining areas with glaciers, rough mountainous terrain, and poorly developed soils have low concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, and dissolved organic carbon compared with concentrations of these same constituents in streams in lowland or urbanized areas. In streams draining relatively low-lying areas, most of the suspended sediment, nutrients, and dissolved organic carbon are transported in the spring from the melting snowpack. The urbanized stream, Chester Creek, had the highest concentrations of calcium, magnesium, chloride, and sodium, most likely because of the application of de-icing materials during the winter. Several volatile organic compounds and pesticides also were detected in samples from this stream.\r\n\r\nAquatic communities in the Cook Inlet Basin are naturally different than similar sites in the contiguous United States because of the unique conditions of the northern latitudes where the Cook Inlet Basin is located, such as extreme diurnal cycles and long periods of ice cover. Blue-green algae was the dominant algae found at all sites although in some years green algae was the most dominant algae. Macroinvertebrate communities consist primarily of Diptera (true flies), Ephemeroptera (mayflies), and Plecoptera (stoneflies). Lowland areas have higher abundance of aquatic communities than glacier-fed basins. However, samples from the urbanized stream, Chester Creek, were dominated by oligochaetes, a class of worms. Most of the functional feeding groups were collector-gatherers. The number of taxa for both algae and macroinvertebrates were highest in water year 2001, which may be due to the relative mild winter of 2000?2001 and the above average air temperatures for this water year.\r\n\r\nThe streams in the Cook Inlet Basin typically are low gradient. Bank substrates consist of silt, clay, or sand, and bed substrate consists of coarse gravel or cobbles. Vegetation is primarily shrubs and woodlands with spruce or cottonwood trees. Canopy angles vary with the size of the stream or river and are relatively low at the smaller streams and high at the larger streams. Suitable fish habitat, such as woody debris, pools, cobble substrate, and overhanging vegetation, is found at most sites.\r\n\r\nOf the human activities occurring in the fixed site basins ? high recreational use, logging, and urbanizat","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20045021","usgsCitation":"Brabets, T.P., and Whitman, M.S., 2004, Water-quality, biological, and physical-habitat conditions at fixed sites in the Cook Inlet Basin, Alaska, National Water-Quality Assessment Study Unit, October 1998-September 2001 (Online Only): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5021, 118 p.; 6 tables in Excel file format, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045021.","productDescription":"118 p.; 6 tables in Excel file format","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":185310,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5944,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir20045021/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Online Only","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afee4b07f02db6978d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brabets, Timothy P. tbrabets@usgs.gov","contributorId":2087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brabets","given":"Timothy","email":"tbrabets@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":258105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whitman, Matthew S.","contributorId":67961,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whitman","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":7217,"text":"Bureau of Land Management","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":258106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}