Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) have been established under authority of the Federal Clean Water Act for the Snake River-Hells Canyon reach, on the border of Idaho and Oregon, to improve water quality and preserve beneficial uses such as public consumption, recreation, and aquatic habitat. The TMDL sets targets for seasonal average and annual maximum concentrations of chlorophyll-a at 14 and 30 micrograms per liter, respectively. To attain these conditions, the maximum total phosphorus concentration at the mouth of the Boise River in Idaho, a tributary to the Snake River, has been set at 0.07 milligrams per liter. However, interactions among chlorophyll-a, nutrients, and other key water-quality parameters that may affect beneficial uses in the Snake and Boise Rivers are unknown. In addition, contributions of nutrients and chlorophyll-a loads from the Boise River to the Snake River have not been fully characterized.
To evaluate seasonal trends and relations among nutrients and other water-quality parameters in the Boise and Snake Rivers, a comprehensive monitoring program was conducted near their confluence in water years (WY) 2009 and 2010. The study also provided information on the relative contribution of nutrient and sediment loads from the Boise River to the Snake River, which has an effect on water-quality conditions in downstream reservoirs. State and site-specific water-quality standards, in addition to those that relate to the Snake River-Hells Canyon TMDL, have been established to protect beneficial uses in both rivers. Measured water-quality conditions in WY2009 and WY2010 exceeded these targets at one or more sites for the following constituents: water temperature, total phosphorus concentrations, total phosphorus loads, dissolved oxygen concentration, pH, and chlorophyll-a concentrations (WY2009 only). All measured total phosphorus concentrations in the Boise River near Parma exceeded the seasonal target of 0.07 milligram per liter. Data collected during the study show seasonal differences in all measured parameters. In particular, surprisingly high concentrations of chlorophyll-a were measured at all three main study sites in winter and early spring, likely due to changes in algal populations. Discharge conditions and dissolved orthophosphorus concentrations are key drivers for chlorophyll-a on a seasonal and annual basis on the Snake River. Discharge conditions and upstream periphyton growth are most likely the key drivers for chlorophyll-a in the Boise River. Phytoplankton growth is not limited or driven by nutrient availability in the Boise River. Lower discharges and minimal substrate disturbance in WY2010 in comparison with WY2009 may have caused prolonged and increased periphyton and macrophyte growth and a reduced amount of sloughed algae in suspension in the summer of WY2010.
Chlorophyll-a measured in samples commonly is used as an indicator of sestonic algae biomass, but chlorophyll-a concentrations and fluorescence may not be the most appropriate surrogates for algae growth, eutrophication, and associated effects on beneficial uses. Assessment of the effects of algae growth on beneficial uses should evaluate not only sestonic algae, but also benthic algae and macrophytes. Alternatively, continuous monitoring of dissolved oxygen detects the influence of aquatic plant respiration for all types of algae and macrophytes and is likely a more direct measure of effects on beneficial uses such as aquatic habitat.
Most measured water-quality parameters in the Snake River were statistically different upstream and downstream of the confluence with the Boise River. Higher concentrations and loads were measured at the downstream site (Snake River at Nyssa) than the upstream site (Snake River near Adrian) for total phosphorus, dissolved orthophosphorus, total nitrogen, dissolved nitrite and nitrate, suspended sediment, and turbidity. Higher dissolved oxygen concentrations and pH were measured at the upstream site (Snake River near Adrian) than the downstream site (Snake River at Nyssa). Contributions from the Boise River measured at Parma do not constitute all of the increase in nutrient and sediment loads in the Snake River between the upstream and downstream sites.
Surrogate models were developed using a combination of continuously monitored variables to estimate concentrations of nutrients and suspended sediment when samples were not possible. The surrogate models explained from 66 to 95 percent of the variability in nutrient and suspended sediment concentrations, depending on the site and model. Although the surrogate models could not always represent event-based changes in modeled parameters, they generally were successful in representing seasonal and annual patterns. Over a longer period, the surrogate models could be a useful tool for measuring compliance with state and site-specific water-quality standards and TMDL targets, for representing daily and seasonal variability in constituents, and for assessing effects of phosphorus reduction measures within the watershed.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115217","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Cities of Boise, Caldwell, Meridian, and Nampa","usgsCitation":"Wood, M.S., and Etheridge, A., 2011, Water-quality conditions near the confluence of the Snake and Boise Rivers, Canyon County, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5217, viii, 64 p.; Appendices; Appendix B Download, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115217.","productDescription":"viii, 64 p.; Appendices; Appendix B Download","startPage":"i","endPage":"70","numberOfPages":"78","temporalStart":"2008-10-01","temporalEnd":"2010-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116833,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5217.jpg"},{"id":112031,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5217/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","county":"Canyon","otherGeospatial":"Snake River;Hells Canyon;Boise River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118,43.083333333333336 ], [ -118,45.75 ], [ -115.5,45.75 ], [ -115.5,43.083333333333336 ], [ -118,43.083333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bcdece4b08c986b32e12c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, Molly S. 0000-0002-5184-8306 mswood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5184-8306","contributorId":788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Molly","email":"mswood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37786,"text":"WMA - Observing Systems Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Etheridge, Alexandra 0000-0003-1282-7315","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1282-7315","contributorId":34251,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Etheridge","given":"Alexandra","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70006268,"text":"ofr20111020 - 2011 - Summary of hydrologic testing of the Floridan aquifer system at Fort Stewart, Georgia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-08T14:26:37","indexId":"ofr20111020","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1020","title":"Summary of hydrologic testing of the Floridan aquifer system at Fort Stewart, Georgia","docAbstract":"Two test wells were completed at Fort Stewart, GA, in January and February 2010 to investigate the potential of using the Lower Floridan aquifer as a source of water to satisfy anticipated increases in water use. One well was completed in the Lower Floridan aquifer at a depth of 1,255 feet below land surface; the other well was completed in the Upper Floridan aquifer at a depth of 560 feet below land surface. The U.S. Geological Survey conducted hydrologic testing at the well site including flowmeter surveys, slug tests within packer-isolated intervals of the Lower Floridan confining unit, and aquifer tests of the Upper and Lower Floridan aquifers.\nFlowmeter surveys at the study site indicate several permeable zones within the Floridan aquifer system. The Upper Floridan aquifer is composed of two water-bearing zones-the upper zone and the lower zone. The upper zone extends from 520 to 650 feet below land surface, contributes 96 percent of the total flow, and is more permeable than the lower zone, which extends from 650 to 705 feet below land surface and contributes the remaining 4 percent of the flow. The Lower Floridan aquifer consists of three zones at depths of 912-947, 1,090-1,139, and 1,211-1,250 feet below land surface that are inter-layered with three less-permeable zones. The Lower Floridan confining unit includes a permeable zone that extends from 793 to 822 feet below land surface. Horizontal hydraulic conductivity values of the Lower Floridan confining unit derived from slug tests within four packer-isolated intervals were from 2 to 20 feet per day, with a high value of 70 feet per day obtained for one of the intervals. Aquifer testing, using analytical techniques and model simulation, indicated the Upper Floridan aquifer had a transmissivity of about 100,000 feet squared per day, and the Lower Floridan aquifer had a transmissivity of 7,000 feet squared per day. Flowmeter surveys, slug tests within packer-isolated intervals, and parameter-estimation results indicate that the hydraulic properties of the Lower Floridan confining unit are similar to those of the Lower Floridan aquifer. Water-level data, for each aquifer test, were filtered for external influences such as barometric pressure, earth-tide effects, and long-term trends to enable detection of small water-level responses to aquifer-test pumping of less than 1 foot. During a 72-hour aquifer test of the Lower Floridan aquifer, a drawdown response of 0.3 to 0.4 foot was observed in two Upper Floridan aquifer wells, one of which was more than 1 mile away from the pumped well.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111020","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of the Army","usgsCitation":"Gonthier, G., 2011, Summary of hydrologic testing of the Floridan aquifer system at Fort Stewart, Georgia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1020, viii, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111020.","productDescription":"viii, 28 p.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116848,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1020.jpg"},{"id":112047,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1020/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","otherGeospatial":"Floridan aquifer system","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82,31.5 ], [ -82,32.333333333333336 ], [ -80.75,32.333333333333336 ], [ -80.75,31.5 ], [ -82,31.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9e8fe4b08c986b31dfa3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gonthier, Gerard 0000-0003-4078-8579 gonthier@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4078-8579","contributorId":3141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gonthier","given":"Gerard ","email":"gonthier@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":354186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70006269,"text":"ofr20111021 - 2011 - A survey of U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service employees regarding topics for distance education-Summary report to respondents","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:16:02","indexId":"ofr20111021","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1021","title":"A survey of U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service employees regarding topics for distance education-Summary report to respondents","docAbstract":"This report provides a summary of responses to the questions included in the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) National Conservation Training Center (NCTC) Distance Education survey conducted from January 26, 2010, to February 8, 2010. The survey included questions for two studies sponsored by the Division of Education Outreach (DEO) at the NCTC. The first study identifies the topics of interest to FWS employees on which training could be provided via distance education. The topics were limited to the area of conservation and environmental education, outreach, and partnerships because these topics are within the scope of the DEO. The second study focused on characterizing the relation between onsite course enrollment at NCTC and distance education offerings. Because there were only a few questions on the survey for the second study and because the target populations were the same for both, the two surveys were combined.\nOur preliminary conclusion, based only on frequencies of responses and averages, is that our survey respondents appear to prefer traditional instructor-led training. However, they would still enroll in distance education courses. The distance education technologies of audio conferencing, computer-mediated training, and written resource provision are the technologies respondents reported being most familiar and accessible to them. For four of the five topic areas-creating and maintaining partnerships, technology, program planning and development, and outreach methods-the response frequencies and averages indicate that the topics were viewed as both relevant and important. Respondents were more neutral regarding the relevance and importance of the topic of evaluation methods. Respondents reported preferences for different types of information on different topics and also reported preferences in delivery mode of training for each topic area. Detailed results and conclusions will be included in the completion reports for the two studies.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111021","usgsCitation":"Ratz, J., Shuster, R.M., and Marcy, A.M., 2011, A survey of U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service employees regarding topics for distance education-Summary report to respondents: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1021, iii, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111021.","productDescription":"iii, 38 p.","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116857,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1021.png"},{"id":112048,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1021/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e5dbe4b0c8380cd46fd5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ratz, Joan M.","contributorId":22739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ratz","given":"Joan M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shuster, Rudy M.","contributorId":49097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shuster","given":"Rudy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marcy, Ann M.","contributorId":37464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marcy","given":"Ann","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70006276,"text":"ofr20111254 - 2011 - Borehole geophysical and flowmeter data for eight boreholes in the vicinity of Jim Woodruff Lock and Dam, Lake Seminole, Jackson County, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:42","indexId":"ofr20111254","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1254","title":"Borehole geophysical and flowmeter data for eight boreholes in the vicinity of Jim Woodruff Lock and Dam, Lake Seminole, Jackson County, Florida","docAbstract":"Borehole geophysical logs and flowmeter data were collected in April 2011 from eight boreholes to identify the depth and orientation of cavernous zones within the Miocene Tampa Limestone in the vicinity of Jim Woodruff Lock and Dam in Jackson County, Florida. These data are used to assess leakage near the dam. Each of the eight boreholes was terminated in limestone at depths ranging from 84 to 104 feet. Large cavernous zones were encountered in most of the borings, with several exceeding 20-inches in diameter. The cavernous zones generally were between 1 and 5 feet in height, but a cavern in one of the borings reached a height of about 6 feet. The resistivity of limestone layers penetrated by the boreholes generally was less than 1,000 ohm-meters. Formation resistivity near the cavernous zones did not show an appreciable contrast from surrounding bedrock, probably because the bedrock is saturated, owing to its primary permeability. Measured flow rates in the eight boreholes determined using an electromagnetic flowmeter were all less than ±0.1 liter per second. These low flow rates suggest that vertical hydraulic gradients in the boreholes are negligible and that hydraulic head in the various cavernous zones shows only minor, if any, variation.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111254","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Mobile District Office","usgsCitation":"Clarke, J.S., Hamrick, M.D., and Holloway, O.G., 2011, Borehole geophysical and flowmeter data for eight boreholes in the vicinity of Jim Woodruff Lock and Dam, Lake Seminole, Jackson County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1254, iv, 8 p.; Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111254.","productDescription":"iv, 8 p.; Appendix","costCenters":[{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116855,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1254.jpg"},{"id":112055,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1254/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"state":"Florida","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f217e4b0c8380cd4afd8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clarke, John S. jsclarke@usgs.gov","contributorId":400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clarke","given":"John","email":"jsclarke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hamrick, Michael D. hamrick@usgs.gov","contributorId":3237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamrick","given":"Michael","email":"hamrick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":354209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holloway, O. Gary ghollowa@usgs.gov","contributorId":1860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holloway","given":"O.","email":"ghollowa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Gary","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":354208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70006277,"text":"ofr20111287 - 2011 - Gravity data from the San Pedro River Basin, Cochise County, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:12:00","indexId":"ofr20111287","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1287","title":"Gravity data from the San Pedro River Basin, Cochise County, Arizona","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, Arizona Water Science Center in cooperation with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Geodetic Survey has collected relative and absolute gravity data at 321 stations in the San Pedro River Basin of southeastern Arizona since 2000. Data are of three types: observed gravity values and associated free-air, simple Bouguer, and complete Bouguer anomaly values, useful for subsurface-density modeling; high-precision relative-gravity surveys repeated over time, useful for aquifer-storage-change monitoring; and absolute-gravity values, useful as base stations for relative-gravity surveys and for monitoring gravity change over time. The data are compiled, without interpretation, in three spreadsheet files. Gravity values, GPS locations, and driving directions for absolute-gravity base stations are presented as National Geodetic Survey site descriptions.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111287","usgsCitation":"Kennedy, J.R., and Winester, D., 2011, Gravity data from the San Pedro River Basin, Cochise County, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1287, iv, 11 p.; Appendixes folder download, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111287.","productDescription":"iv, 11 p.; Appendixes folder download","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116851,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1287.gif"},{"id":112056,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1287/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -110.75,31.25 ], [ -110.75,32.25 ], [ -109.75,32.25 ], [ -109.75,31.25 ], [ -110.75,31.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2a18e4b0c8380cd5aea9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kennedy, Jeffrey R. 0000-0002-3365-6589 jkennedy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3365-6589","contributorId":2172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jkennedy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Winester, Daniel","contributorId":37469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winester","given":"Daniel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70006274,"text":"ofr20111216 - 2011 - Soils Data Related to the 1999 FROSTFIRE Burn","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:16:02","indexId":"ofr20111216","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1216","title":"Soils Data Related to the 1999 FROSTFIRE Burn","docAbstract":"This report describes the sample collection and processing for U.S. Geological Survey efforts at FROSTFIRE, an experimental burn that occurred in Alaska in 1999. Data regarding carbon, water, and energy dynamics pre-fire, during, and post-fire were obtained in this landscape-scale prescribed burn. U.S. Geological Survey investigators measured changes in the stocks of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), mercury (Hg), and other components in pre- and post-burn soils of this watershed.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111216","usgsCitation":"Manies, K., Harden, J., and Ottmar, R., 2011, Soils Data Related to the 1999 FROSTFIRE Burn: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1216, iii, 8 p.; Data table folder, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111216.","productDescription":"iii, 8 p.; Data table folder","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":557,"text":"Soil Carbon Research at Menlo Park","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116858,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1216.gif"},{"id":112053,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1216/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"state":"Alaska","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b922ce4b08c986b319d4a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Manies, K.L.","contributorId":23228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manies","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harden, J.W. 0000-0002-6570-8259","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-8259","contributorId":38585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ottmar, R.","contributorId":58767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ottmar","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70006275,"text":"ofr20111237 - 2011 - U.S. Geological Survey 2011 assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources of the Cook Inlet region, south-central Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-31T11:50:57","indexId":"ofr20111237","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1237","title":"U.S. Geological Survey 2011 assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources of the Cook Inlet region, south-central Alaska","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has completed an assessment of the volumes of undiscovered, technically recoverable oil and gas resources in conventional and continuous accumulations in Cook Inlet. The assessment used a geology-based methodology and results from new scientific research by the USGS and the State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys and Division of Oil and Gas (DOG). In the Cook Inlet region, the USGS estimates mean undiscovered volumes of nearly 600 million barrels of oil, about 19 trillion cubic feet of gas, and about 46 million barrels of natural gas liquids.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111237","collaboration":"In cooperation with the State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveysand Division of Oil and Gas","usgsCitation":"Stanley, R.G., Pierce, B.S., and Houseknecht, D.W., 2011, U.S. Geological Survey 2011 assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources of the Cook Inlet region, south-central Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1237, 37 p.; Powerpoint, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111237.","productDescription":"37 p.; Powerpoint","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116850,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1237.gif"},{"id":112054,"rank":100,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1237/","text":"Index Page","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":356994,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1237/of2011-1237.pdf","text":"Report"},{"id":356995,"rank":4,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1237/of2011-1237.pptx","text":"Report PowerPoint"}],"state":"Alaska","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bba4ee4b08c986b3280d3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stanley, Richard G. 0000-0001-6192-8783 rstanley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6192-8783","contributorId":1832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanley","given":"Richard","email":"rstanley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pierce, Brenda S. bpierce@usgs.gov","contributorId":268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierce","given":"Brenda","email":"bpierce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":354204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Houseknecht, David W. 0000-0002-9633-6910 dhouse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9633-6910","contributorId":645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houseknecht","given":"David","email":"dhouse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70006251,"text":"ofr20111281 - 2011 - Cone penetration tests and soil borings at the Mason Road site in Green Valley, Solano County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:16:01","indexId":"ofr20111281","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1281","title":"Cone penetration tests and soil borings at the Mason Road site in Green Valley, Solano County, California","docAbstract":"In support of a study to investigate the history of the Green Valley Fault, 13 cone penetration test soundings and 3 auger borings were made at the Mason Road site in Green Valley, Solano County, California. Three borings were made at or near two of the cone penetration test soundings. The soils are mostly clayey with a few sandy layers or lenses. Fine-grained soils range from low plasticity sandy lean clay to very plastic fat clay. Lack of stratigraphic correlation in the subsurface prevented us from determining whether any channels had been offset at this site. Because the soils are generally very clayey and few sand layers or lenses are loose, the liquefaction potential at the site is very low.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111281","usgsCitation":"Bennett, M.J., Noce, T.E., and Lienkaemper, J.J., 2011, Cone penetration tests and soil borings at the Mason Road site in Green Valley, Solano County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1281, v, 52 p.; Tables 1-3 folder, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111281.","productDescription":"v, 52 p.; Tables 1-3 folder","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":379,"text":"Menlo Park Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116808,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1281.gif"},{"id":112027,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1281/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"state":"California","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f9bbe4b0c8380cd4d75d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bennett, Michael J. mjbennett@usgs.gov","contributorId":2783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"Michael","email":"mjbennett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Noce, Thomas E. tnoce@usgs.gov","contributorId":3174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noce","given":"Thomas","email":"tnoce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lienkaemper, James J. 0000-0002-7578-7042 jlienk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7578-7042","contributorId":1941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lienkaemper","given":"James","email":"jlienk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70006254,"text":"sir20115193 - 2011 - Factors influencing riverine fish assemblages in Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:42","indexId":"sir20115193","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5193","title":"Factors influencing riverine fish assemblages in Massachusetts","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation, Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection, and the Massachusetts Department of Fish and Game, conducted an investigation of fish assemblages in small- to medium-sized Massachusetts streams. The objective of this study was to determine relations between fish-assemblage characteristics and anthropogenic factors, including impervious cover and estimated flow alteration, relative to the effects of environmental factors, including physical-basin characteristics and land use. The results of this investigation supersede those of a preliminary analysis published in 2010. Fish data were obtained for 669 fish-sampling sites from the Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife fish-community database. A review of the literature was used to select fish metrics - species richness, abundance of individual species, and abundances of species grouped on life history traits - responsive to flow alteration. The contributing areas to the fish-sampling sites were delineated and used with a geographic information system to determine a set of environmental and anthropogenic factors that were tested for use as explanatory variables in regression models. Reported and estimated withdrawals and return flows were used together with simulated unaltered streamflows to estimate altered streamflows and indicators of flow alteration for each fish-sampling site. Altered streamflows and indicators of flow alteration were calculated on the basis of methods developed in a previous U.S. Geological Survey study in which unaltered daily streamflows were simulated for a 44-year period (water years 1961-2004), and streamflow alterations were estimated by use of water-withdrawal and wastewater-return data previously reported to the State for the 2000-04 period and estimated domestic-well withdrawals and septic-system discharges. A variable selection process, conducted using principal components analysis and Spearman rank correlation, was used to select a set of 15 non-redundant environmental and anthropogenic factors to test for use as explanatory variables in the regression analyses. Twenty-one fish species were used in a multivariate analysis of fish-assemblage patterns. Results of nonmetric multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analysis were used to group fish species into fluvial and macrohabitat generalist habitat-use classes. Two analytical techniques, quantile regression and generalized linear modeling, were applied to characterize the association between fish-response variables and environmental and anthropogenic explanatory variables. Quantile regression demonstrated that as percent impervious cover and an indicator of percent alteration of August median flow from groundwater withdrawals increase, the relative abundance and species richness of fluvial fish decrease. The quantile regression plots indicate that (1) as many as seven fluvial fish species are expected in streams with little flow alteration or impervious cover, (2) no more than four fluvial fish species are expected in streams where flow alterations from groundwater withdrawals exceed 50 percent of the August median flow or the percent area of impervious cover exceeds 15 percent, and (3) few fluvial fish remain at high rates of withdrawal (approaching 100 percent) or high rates of impervious cover (between 25 and 30 percent). Three generalized linear models (GLMs) were developed to quantify the response of fluvial fish to multiple environmental and anthropogenic variables. All variables in the GLM equations were demonstrated to be significant (p less than 0.05, with most less than 0.01). Variables in the fluvial-fish relative-abundance model were channel slope, estimated percent alteration of August median flow from groundwater withdrawals, percent wetland in a 240-meter buffer strip, and percent impervious cover. Variables in the fluvial-fish species-richness model were drainage area, channel slope, total undammed reach length, percent wetland in a 240-meter buffer strip, and percent impervious cover. Variables in the brook trout relativeabundance model were drainage area, percent open water, and percent impervious cover. The variability explained by the GLM models, as measured by the pseudo R2, ranged from 18.2 to 34.6, and correlations between observed and predicted values ranged from 0.50 to 0.60. Results of GLM models indicated that, keeping all other variables the same, a one-unit (1 percent) increase in the percent depletion of August median flow would result in a 0.9-percent decrease in the relative abundance (in counts per hour) of fluvial fish. The results of GLM models also indicated that a unit increase in impervious cover (1 percent) resulted in a 3.7-percent decrease in the relative abundance of fluvial fish, a 5.4-percent decrease in fluvial-fish species richness, and an 8.7-percent decrease in brook trout relative abundance.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115193","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation, the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection, and the Massachusetts Department of Fish and Game","usgsCitation":"Armstrong, D.S., Richards, T.A., and Levin, S.B., 2011, Factors influencing riverine fish assemblages in Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5193, ix, 59 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115193.","productDescription":"ix, 59 p.","temporalStart":"1998-01-01","temporalEnd":"2008-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116809,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5193.gif"},{"id":112030,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5193/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -73.5,41.166666666666664 ], [ -73.5,42.88333333333333 ], [ -69.95,42.88333333333333 ], [ -69.95,41.166666666666664 ], [ -73.5,41.166666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0ecae4b0c8380cd53619","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Armstrong, David S. 0000-0003-1695-1233 darmstro@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1695-1233","contributorId":1390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Armstrong","given":"David","email":"darmstro@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Richards, Todd A.","contributorId":52266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richards","given":"Todd","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Levin, Sara B. 0000-0002-2448-3129 slevin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2448-3129","contributorId":1870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Levin","given":"Sara","email":"slevin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70006250,"text":"sir20115137 - 2011 - Estimated hydrologic budgets of kettle-hole ponds in coastal aquifers of southeastern Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-17T13:34:02","indexId":"sir20115137","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5137","title":"Estimated hydrologic budgets of kettle-hole ponds in coastal aquifers of southeastern Massachusetts","docAbstract":"Kettle-hole ponds in southeastern Massachusetts are in good hydraulic connection to an extensive coastal aquifer system that includes the Plymouth-Carver aquifer system on the mainland and aquifers underlying Cape Cod. The ponds receive water from, and contribute water to, the underlying glacial aquifer; ponds also receive water from precipitation and lose water to evaporation from the pond surface. Some ponds are connected to surface-water drainage systems and receive water from or contribute water to streams or adjacent wetlands. The Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection currently (2011) is developing Total Maximum Daily Loads of phosphorus for the freshwater ponds in the region to maintain the health of pond ecosystems; the amounts and sources of water fluxes into and out of the ponds are important factors in determining the amount of phosphorus that can be assimilated into a pond. To assist in this effort, the U.S. Geological Survey used groundwater-flow models of the coastal aquifer system to estimate hydrologic budgets-including inflows and outflows from the aquifer system and adjacent streams and wetlands, and recharge from precipitation-for 425 ponds in southeastern Massachusetts.\nWater fluxes through the ponds are a function of several factors, including the size, shape, and bathymetry of the pond, orientation of the pond relative to the regional hydraulic gradient, and hydrologic setting relative to the proximity of groundwater divides and discharge boundaries. Total steady-state fluxes through the ponds range from more than 3,300,000 to less than 2,000 cubic feet per day. For ponds without surface-water inlets or outlets, groundwater inflow accounts for 98 to 3 percent of total inflow; conversely, recharge onto the pond surface accounts for the remainder of inflow (between 2 and 97 percent). All natural flows from these ponds are through recharge from the pond into the aquifer. In one pond, about 94 percent of the total outflow is removed for water supply. For ponds that are connected to surface-water drainages, most inflow and outflow are through streams. Ponds that receive water from streams receive most (58 to 89 percent) of their water from those streams. Ponds that are drained by streams lose between 5 and 100 percent of their water to those streams.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115137","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Walter, D.A., and Masterson, J., 2011, Estimated hydrologic budgets of kettle-hole ponds in coastal aquifers of southeastern Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5137, iv, 32 p.; Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115137.","productDescription":"iv, 32 p.; Appendix","costCenters":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":112026,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5137/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":116807,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5137.gif"}],"state":"Massachusetts","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -70.86749999999999,41.5 ], [ -70.86749999999999,42.1175 ], [ -69.86749999999999,42.1175 ], [ -69.86749999999999,41.5 ], [ -70.86749999999999,41.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0a93e4b0c8380cd523ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walter, Donald A. 0000-0003-0879-4477 dawalter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0879-4477","contributorId":1101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walter","given":"Donald","email":"dawalter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Masterson, John P. 0000-0003-3202-4413 jpmaster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3202-4413","contributorId":1865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masterson","given":"John P.","email":"jpmaster@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":354150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70006243,"text":"sir20115212 - 2011 - Evapotranspiration over spatially extensive plant communities in the Big Cypress National Preserve, southern Florida, 2007-2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:42","indexId":"sir20115212","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5212","title":"Evapotranspiration over spatially extensive plant communities in the Big Cypress National Preserve, southern Florida, 2007-2010","docAbstract":"Evapotranspiration (ET) was quantified over plant communities within the Big Cypress National Preserve (BCNP) using the eddy covariance method for a period of 3 years from October 2007 to September 2010. Plant communities selected for study included Pine Upland, Wet Prairie, Marsh, Cypress Swamp, and Dwarf Cypress. These plant communities are spatially extensive in southern Florida, and thus, the ET measurements described herein can be applied to other humid subtropical locations such as the Everglades.\nThe 3-year mean annual ET was about 1,000, 1,050, 1,100, 930, and 900 mm (millimeters) at the Dwarf Cypress, Wet Prairie, Cypress Swamp, Pine Upland, and Marsh sites, respectively. Spatial differences in annual ET were considerable due to the recovery of the Marsh site from extensive forest fire and drought conditions. Temporal variability in annual ET was relatively small at sites that were well watered (Dwarf Cypress, Wet Prairie, Cypress Swamp, Pine Upland) over the 3-year study. In other words, locations that were well watered appeared to have similar annual ET rates.\nDiurnal water-level variability was observed in response to ET and was less at flooded sites than at dry sites. For example, surface-water levels declined about 1.5 mm in response to ET at the flooded Cypress Swamp site during July 18-22, 2008 and declined about 10 mm in response to ET at the flooded Dwarf Cypress site from April 18-27, 2008. Specific yield was computed using ET estimates and diurnal water-level variability measured at the dry Pine Upland site as a check on the accuracy of the eddy covariance method. Water levels repeatedly dropped about 15 mm on average in response to ET at the Pine Upland site from April 27 to May 4, 2008. ET was about 3 mm on each of these days, resulting in a reasonable estimate for specific yield of 0.2 for the sandy soils at the Pine Upland site.\nMonthly ET estimates exhibited seasonal variation. ET was generally greatest between March to October when solar radiation was relatively large, and least from November to February when solar radiation was small. Monthly ET was greatest in the spring and summer at the Cypress Swamp site, reaching rates as large as 140 mm. The large ET rates at this site coincide with the most active period of cypress growth during late spring and early summer. Cypress trees begin to senesce in late summer reducing transpiration.\nNet radiation and available energy explained most of the variability in ET observed at all five sites. Mean annual and monthly net radiation varied among the sites in response to cloud cover and the albedo of the land surface and plant community. Net radiation was greatest at the Cypress Swamp site, averaging about 130 W/m2 (watts per square meter) during the 3-year study. Net radiation was generally less at the Dwarf Cypress site, averaging about 115 W/m2 over 3 years. The Dwarf Cypress site apparently has the largest albedo, which likely is due to the sparse canopy and a highly reflective, calcareous, periphyton-covered land surface. Furthermore, mean annual net radiation was least in the first year of the study, which likely was due to greater cloud cover during a relatively wet year. In contrast, net radiation was greatest in the second year of the study, which likely was due to less cloud cover during a relatively dry year.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115212","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the South Florida Water Management District as part of the U.S. Geological Survey Greater Everglades Priority Ecosystems Science Program","usgsCitation":"Shoemaker, W., Lopez, C.D., and Duever, M.J., 2011, Evapotranspiration over spatially extensive plant communities in the Big Cypress National Preserve, southern Florida, 2007-2010: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5212, x, 36 p.; Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115212.","productDescription":"x, 36 p.; Appendix","temporalStart":"2007-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":285,"text":"Florida Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116839,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5212.jpg"},{"id":111141,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5212/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -81.55,25.5 ], [ -81.55,26.25 ], [ -80.7,26.25 ], [ -80.7,25.5 ], [ -81.55,25.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d20e4b0c8380cd52e1e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shoemaker, W. Barclay bshoemak@usgs.gov","contributorId":1495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shoemaker","given":"W. Barclay","email":"bshoemak@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":156,"text":"Caribbean Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":269,"text":"FLWSC-Ft. Lauderdale","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lopez, Christian D. cdlopez@usgs.gov","contributorId":4160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lopez","given":"Christian","email":"cdlopez@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":354144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Duever, Michael J.","contributorId":20885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duever","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70006239,"text":"ofr20111292 - 2011 - Kirschenmann Road multi-well monitoring site, Cuyama Valley, Santa Barbara County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:42","indexId":"ofr20111292","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1292","title":"Kirschenmann Road multi-well monitoring site, Cuyama Valley, Santa Barbara County, California","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Water Agency Division of the Santa Barbara County Department of Public Works, is evaluating the geohydrology and water availability of the Cuyama Valley, California (fig. 1). As part of this evaluation, the USGS installed the Cuyama Valley Kirschenmann Road multiple-well monitoring site (CVKR) in the South-Main subregion of the Cuyama Valley (fig. 1). The CVKR well site is designed to allow for the collection of depth-specific water-level and water-quality data. Data collected at this site provides information about the geology, hydrology, geophysics, and geochemistry of the local aquifer system, thus, enhancing the understanding of the geohydrologic framework of the Cuyama Valley. This report presents the construction information and initial geohydrologic data collected from the CVKR monitoring site, along with a brief comparison to selected supply and irrigation wells from the major subregions of the Cuyama Valley (fig. 1).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111292","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Water Agency Division of the Santa Barbara County Department of Public Works","usgsCitation":"Everett, R., Hanson, R.T., and Sweetkind, D.S., 2011, Kirschenmann Road multi-well monitoring site, Cuyama Valley, Santa Barbara County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1292, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111292.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116694,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1292.jpg"},{"id":111136,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1292/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Santa Barbara","otherGeospatial":"Cuyama Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.33333333333333,34.61666666666667 ], [ -120.33333333333333,35.333333333333336 ], [ -119,35.333333333333336 ], [ -119,34.61666666666667 ], [ -120.33333333333333,34.61666666666667 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a40b1e4b0c8380cd64f86","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Everett, R.R.","contributorId":81954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Everett","given":"R.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hanson, R. T.","contributorId":91148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sweetkind, D. S.","contributorId":61507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sweetkind","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70006242,"text":"sim3193 - 2011 - Regional potentiometric-surface map of the Great Basin carbonate and alluvial aquifer system in Snake Valley and surrounding areas, Juab, Millard, and Beaver Counties, Utah, and White Pine and Lincoln Counties, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-03T20:02:04","indexId":"sim3193","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3193","title":"Regional potentiometric-surface map of the Great Basin carbonate and alluvial aquifer system in Snake Valley and surrounding areas, Juab, Millard, and Beaver Counties, Utah, and White Pine and Lincoln Counties, Nevada","docAbstract":"Water-level measurements from 190 wells were used to develop a potentiometric-surface map of the east-central portion of the regional Great Basin carbonate and alluvial aquifer system in and around Snake Valley, eastern Nevada and western Utah. The map area covers approximately 9,000 square miles in Juab, Millard, and Beaver Counties, Utah, and White Pine and Lincoln Counties, Nevada. Recent (2007-2010) drilling by the Utah Geological Survey and U.S. Geological Survey has provided new data for areas where water-level measurements were previously unavailable. New water-level data were used to refine mapping of the pathways of intrabasin and interbasin groundwater flow. At 20 of these locations, nested observation wells provide vertical hydraulic gradient data and information related to the degree of connection between basin-fill aquifers and consolidated-rock aquifers. Multiple-year water-level hydrographs are also presented for 32 wells to illustrate the aquifer system's response to interannual climate variations and well withdrawals.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3193","usgsCitation":"Gardner, P.M., Masbruch, M.D., Plume, R.W., and Buto, S.G., 2011, Regional potentiometric-surface map of the Great Basin carbonate and alluvial aquifer system in Snake Valley and surrounding areas, Juab, Millard, and Beaver Counties, Utah, and White Pine and Lincoln Counties, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3193, 2 Maps: 38 x 28 inches; GIS Data Download, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3193.","productDescription":"2 Maps: 38 x 28 inches; GIS Data Download","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116695,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim_3193.jpg"},{"id":111137,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3193/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":334776,"rank":3,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/sim2011_3193_potentiometric.xml","text":"Potentiometric contours and well locations, Snake Valley and surrounding areas, 2011"},{"id":334777,"rank":4,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3193/pdf/sim3193.pdf","size":"5.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"100000","projection":"Albers equal area","datum":"NAD83","country":"United States","state":"Utah, Nevada","county":"Beaver, Juab, Lincoln, Millard, White Pine","otherGeospatial":"Snake Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.66666666666667,37.916666666666664 ], [ -114.66666666666667,39.916666666666664 ], [ -112.66666666666667,39.916666666666664 ], [ -112.66666666666667,37.916666666666664 ], [ -114.66666666666667,37.916666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a549e4b0e8fec6cdbdd5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gardner, Philip M. 0000-0003-3005-3587 pgardner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3005-3587","contributorId":962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardner","given":"Philip","email":"pgardner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Masbruch, Melissa D. 0000-0001-6568-160X mmasbruch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6568-160X","contributorId":1902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masbruch","given":"Melissa","email":"mmasbruch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Plume, Russell W. rwplume@usgs.gov","contributorId":2303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plume","given":"Russell","email":"rwplume@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":354142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Buto, Susan G. 0000-0002-1107-9549 sbuto@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1107-9549","contributorId":1057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buto","given":"Susan","email":"sbuto@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70006238,"text":"ofr20111303 - 2011 - Derived crop management data for the LandCarbon Project","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:12:01","indexId":"ofr20111303","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1303","title":"Derived crop management data for the LandCarbon Project","docAbstract":"The LandCarbon project is assessing potential carbon pools and greenhouse gas fluxes under various scenarios and land management regimes to provide information to support the formulation of policies governing climate change mitigation, adaptation and land management strategies. The project is unique in that spatially explicit maps of annual land cover and land-use change are created at the 250-meter pixel resolution. The project uses vast amounts of data as input to the models, including satellite, climate, land cover, soil, and land management data. Management data have been obtained from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) and USDA Economic Research Service (ERS) that provides information regarding crop type, crop harvesting, manure, fertilizer, tillage, and cover crop (U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2011a, b, c). The LandCarbon team queried the USDA databases to pull historic crop-related management data relative to the needs of the project. The data obtained was in table form with the County or State Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) and the year as the primary and secondary keys. Future projections were generated for the A1B, A2, B1, and B2 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) scenarios using the historic data values along with coefficients generated by the project. The PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL) Integrated Model to Assess the Global Environment (IMAGE) modeling framework (Integrated Model to Assess the Global Environment, 2006) was used to develop coefficients for each IPCC SRES scenario, which were applied to the historic management data to produce future land management practice projections.
The LandCarbon project developed algorithms for deriving gridded data, using these tabular management data products as input. The derived gridded crop type, crop harvesting, manure, fertilizer, tillage, and cover crop products are used as input to the LandCarbon models to represent the historic and the future scenario management data.
The overall algorithm to generate each of the gridded management products is based on the land cover and the derived crop type. For each year in the land cover dataset, the algorithm loops through each 250-meter pixel in the ecoregion. If the current pixel in the land cover dataset is an agriculture pixel, then the crop type is determined. Once the crop type is derived, then the crop harvest, manure, fertilizer, tillage, and cover crop values are derived independently for that crop type. The following is the overall algorithm used for the set of derived grids. The specific algorithm to generate each management dataset is discussed in the respective section for that dataset, along with special data handling and a description of the output product.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111303","usgsCitation":"Schmidt, G., Liu, S., and Oeding, J., 2011, Derived crop management data for the LandCarbon Project: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1303, iv, 12 p.; Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111303.","productDescription":"iv, 12 p.; Appendix","startPage":"i","endPage":"15","numberOfPages":"19","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116696,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1303.jpg"},{"id":111134,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1303/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -104,35 ], [ -104,49 ], [ -89.5,49 ], [ -89.5,35 ], [ -104,35 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fedee4b0c8380cd4ef7e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmidt, Gail 0000-0002-9684-8158","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9684-8158","contributorId":29086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Gail","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":354135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liu, Shu-Guang sliu@usgs.gov","contributorId":984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Shu-Guang","email":"sliu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":354133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Oeding, Jennifer joeding@usgs.gov","contributorId":4070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oeding","given":"Jennifer","email":"joeding@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":354134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70006227,"text":"ofr20111276 - 2011 - Mapping the Natchez Trace Parkway","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:12:01","indexId":"ofr20111276","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1276","title":"Mapping the Natchez Trace Parkway","docAbstract":"Based on a National Park Service (NPS) landcover classification, a landcover map of the 715-km (444-mile) NPS Natchez Trace Parkway (hereafter referred to as the \"Parkway\") was created. The NPS landcover classification followed National Vegetation Classification (NVC) protocols. The landcover map, which extended the initial landcover classification to the entire Parkway, was based on color-infrared photography converted to 1-m raster-based digital orthophoto quarter quadrangles, according to U.S. Geological Survey mapping standards. Our goal was to include as many alliance classes as possible in the Parkway landcover map. To reach this goal while maintaining a consistent and quantifiable map product throughout the Parkway extent, a mapping strategy was implemented based on the migration of class-based spectral textural signatures and the congruent progressive refinement of those class signatures along the Parkway. Progressive refinement provided consistent mapping by evaluating the spectral textural distinctiveness of the alliance-association classes, and where necessary, introducing new map classes along the Parkway. By following this mapping strategy, the use of raster-based image processing and geographic information system analyses for the map production provided a quantitative and reproducible product. Although field-site classification data were severely limited, the combination of spectral migration of class membership along the Parkway and the progressive classification strategy produced an organization of alliances that was internally highly consistent. The organization resulted from the natural patterns or alignments of spectral variance and the determination of those spectral patterns that were compositionally similar in the dominant species as NVC alliances. Overall, the mapped landcovers represented the existent spectral textural patterns that defined and encompassed the complex variety of compositional alliances and associations of the Parkway. Based on that mapped representation, forests dominate the Parkway landscape. Grass is the second largest Parkway land cover, followed by scrub-shrub and shrubland classes and pine plantations. The map provides a good representation of the landcover patterns and their changes over the extent of the Parkway, south to north.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111276","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Rangoonwala, A., Bannister, T., and Ramsey, E., 2011, Mapping the Natchez Trace Parkway: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1276, viii, 46 p.; Appendices; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111276.","productDescription":"viii, 46 p.; Appendices; Downloads Directory","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116795,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1276.gif"},{"id":111043,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1276/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama;Mississippi;Tennessee","city":"Natchez","otherGeospatial":"Natchez Trace Parkway","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -91.68333333333334,30.216666666666665 ], [ -91.68333333333334,36.68333333333333 ], [ -81.61666666666666,36.68333333333333 ], [ -81.61666666666666,30.216666666666665 ], [ -91.68333333333334,30.216666666666665 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a507ae4b0c8380cd6b6f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rangoonwala, Amina 0000-0002-0556-0598 rangoonwalaa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0556-0598","contributorId":3455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rangoonwala","given":"Amina","email":"rangoonwalaa@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bannister, Terri","contributorId":82836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bannister","given":"Terri","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ramsey, Elijah W. III 0000-0002-4518-5796","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4518-5796","contributorId":72769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramsey","given":"Elijah W.","suffix":"III","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":354131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70006222,"text":"ofr20111302 - 2011 - Data report for the geologic and scenic quality evaluation of selected sand and gravel sites on the Wind River Indian Reservation, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:12:01","indexId":"ofr20111302","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1302","title":"Data report for the geologic and scenic quality evaluation of selected sand and gravel sites on the Wind River Indian Reservation, Wyoming","docAbstract":"In April 2005, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducted field studies on the Wind River Indian Reservation, Wyoming, to inventory and evaluate sand and gravel deposits underlying river terraces on tribal lands along the Wind River. This report contains the results for 12 sites of sand and gravel deposits evaluated for their potential use as aggregate in Portland cement concrete, asphalt, and base course. The report provides the results of: * The USGS geologic studies and engineering tests. * A conclusion and recommendation for the best use of sand and gravel materials. * Calculations of available sand and gravel materials. * A scenic quality landscape inventory and evaluation.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111302","usgsCitation":"Langer, W.H., Van Gosen, B.S., Arbogast, B., and Lindsey, D.A., 2011, Data report for the geologic and scenic quality evaluation of selected sand and gravel sites on the Wind River Indian Reservation, Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1302, iii, 36 p.; Appendices; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111302.","productDescription":"iii, 36 p.; Appendices; Downloads Directory","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2005-04-01","temporalEnd":"2005-04-30","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116793,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1302.gif"},{"id":111042,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1302/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Wind River Indian Reservation","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.05,41 ], [ -111.05,45 ], [ -104.05,45 ], [ -104.05,41 ], [ -111.05,41 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fdb3e4b0c8380cd4e91e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langer, William H. blanger@usgs.gov","contributorId":1241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langer","given":"William","email":"blanger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":354125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van Gosen, Bradley S. 0000-0003-4214-3811 bvangose@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4214-3811","contributorId":1174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Gosen","given":"Bradley","email":"bvangose@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Arbogast, Belinda","contributorId":19241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arbogast","given":"Belinda","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lindsey, David A. 0000-0002-9466-0899 dlindsey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9466-0899","contributorId":773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindsey","given":"David","email":"dlindsey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70006148,"text":"fs20113142 - 2011 - Assessing the vulnerability of public-supply wells to contamination—Edwards aquifer near San Antonio, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-11T09:14:38","indexId":"fs20113142","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-3142","title":"Assessing the vulnerability of public-supply wells to contamination—Edwards aquifer near San Antonio, Texas","docAbstract":"This fact sheet highlights findings from the vulnerability study of a public-supply well field in San Antonio, Texas. The well field consists of six production wells that tap the Edwards aquifer. Typically, one or two wells are pumped at a time, yielding an average total of 20-21 million gallons per day. Water samples were collected from public-supply wells in the well field and from monitoring wells installed along general directions of flow to the well field. Samples from the well field contained some constituents of concern for drinking-water quality, including nitrate; the pesticide compounds atrazine, deethylatrazine, and simazine; and the volatile organic compounds tetrachloroethene (also called perchloroethene, or PCE), chloroform, bromoform, and dibromochloromethane. These constituents were detected in untreated water at concentrations much less than established drinking-water standards, where such standards exist. Overall, the study findings point to four primary factors that affect the movement and fate of contaminants and the vulnerability of the public-supply well field in San Antonio, Texas: (1) groundwater age (how long ago water entered, or recharged, the aquifer), (2) fast pathways for flow of groundwater through features formed or enlarged by dissolution of bedrock, (3) recharge characteristics of the aquifer, and (4) natural geochemical processes within the aquifer. A computer-model simulation of groundwater flow and transport was used to estimate the traveltime (or age) of water particles entering public-supply well W4 in the well field. Modeled findings show that almost half of the water reaching the public-supply well is less than 2 years old. Such a large percentage of very young water indicates that (1) contaminants entering the aquifer may be transported rapidly to the well, (2) there is limited time for chemical reactions to occur in the aquifer that may attenuate contaminants, and (3) should recharge water become contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms (which have limited survival times in aquifers), the microorganisms may be able to persist to the well. Features formed or enlarged by dissolution of bedrock allow most of the water reaching the well field to travel rapidly from the recharge zone to the supply wells along fast pathways rather than through the aquifer matrix. Supporting evidence includes (1) geophysical logging and flowmeter measurements in public-supply well W4 and in nearby monitoring wells showing that most of the flow volume into and out of the wells occurs in three horizontal zones, thought to be dissolution-enlarged bedding planes; and (2) fluctuations in groundwater chemistry that can be correlated to individual precipitation events. Analysis of water samples collected from shallow, intermediate, and deep zones of the Edwards aquifer at public-supply well W4 and from nearby monitoring wells reveal that water in the vicinity of the selected well field is notably well mixed throughout the sampled thickness of the Edwards aquifer, showing little of the chemical variation with depth that is commonly seen in other aquifers. Contaminants were found at all depths, and they did not enter the well through a specific horizon. The well-mixed nature of the Edwards aquifer is caused by the recharge characteristics of the area combined with fast flow paths through karst features. Constituents of concern in the Edwards aquifer for the long-term sustainability of the groundwater resource include the nutrient nitrate and anthropogenic contaminants such as atrazine, PCE, and chloroform. A scenario of hypothetical contaminant loading in the aquifer recharge zone was evaluated by using results from groundwater-flow-model particle tracking to assess the response of the aquifer to potential contamination. Results indicate that the concentrations at public-supply well W4 would begin to respond to contaminant loading in the recharge zone within 1 year because of short traveltimes through fast flow paths. Within 10 years, contaminant concentrations in the public-supply well would be equal to 90 percent of the input concentration for a contaminant (such as nitrate) that does not degrade in the oxic conditions of the Edwards aquifer.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20113142","usgsCitation":"Jagucki, M.L., Musgrove, M., Lindgren, R.J., Fahlquist, L., and Eberts, S., 2011, Assessing the vulnerability of public-supply wells to contamination—Edwards aquifer near San Antonio, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2011-3142, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20113142.","productDescription":"6 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116838,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2011-3142.gif"},{"id":111128,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2011/3142/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Bexar;Medina","city":"San Antonio","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -99.16694444444445,29.4 ], [ -99.16694444444445,29.666944444444447 ], [ -98.31777777777778,29.666944444444447 ], [ -98.31777777777778,29.4 ], [ -99.16694444444445,29.4 ] ] ] } } ] }","publicComments":"National Water-Quality Assessment, Transport of Anthropogenic and Natural Contaminants (TANC) to Public-Supply Wells","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059edf2e4b0c8380cd49b1d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jagucki, Martha L. 0000-0003-3798-8393 mjagucki@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3798-8393","contributorId":1794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jagucki","given":"Martha","email":"mjagucki@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":353945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Musgrove, MaryLynn","contributorId":34878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Musgrove","given":"MaryLynn","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lindgren, Richard J. lindgren@usgs.gov","contributorId":1667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindgren","given":"Richard","email":"lindgren@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":353944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fahlquist, Lynne","contributorId":8810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fahlquist","given":"Lynne","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Eberts, Sandra M. smeberts@usgs.gov","contributorId":2264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eberts","given":"Sandra M.","email":"smeberts@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":353946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70207241,"text":"70207241 - 2011 - Estimating nonharvested crop residue cover dynamics using remote sensing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-13T16:27:37.63765","indexId":"70207241","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-12T15:26:32","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"17","title":"Estimating nonharvested crop residue cover dynamics using remote sensing","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Progress in biomass and bioenergy production","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"InTech","publisherLocation":"Rijeka, Croatia","doi":"10.5772/20010","usgsCitation":"Clay, D., Obade, V., Carlson, C., Dalsted, K., Wylie, B.K., Ren, C., and Clay, S., 2011, Estimating nonharvested crop residue cover dynamics using remote sensing, chap. 17 of Progress in biomass and bioenergy production, p. 325-333, https://doi.org/10.5772/20010.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"325","endPage":"333","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474852,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5772/20010","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":370234,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-07-27","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clay, David","contributorId":168594,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clay","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":777420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Obade, V.P.","contributorId":221222,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Obade","given":"V.P.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5089,"text":"South Dakota State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":777421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carlson, C.","contributorId":105602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":777422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dalsted, K.","contributorId":181822,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dalsted","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":777423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wylie, Bruce K. 0000-0002-7374-1083 wylie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7374-1083","contributorId":750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wylie","given":"Bruce","email":"wylie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":777424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ren, C.","contributorId":221223,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ren","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":777425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Clay, S.A.","contributorId":221224,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clay","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":777426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70006204,"text":"sir20115187 - 2011 - Suspended-sediment loads, reservoir sediment trap efficiency, and upstream and downstream channel stability for Kanopolis and Tuttle Creek Lakes, Kansas, 2008-10","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:42","indexId":"sir20115187","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5187","title":"Suspended-sediment loads, reservoir sediment trap efficiency, and upstream and downstream channel stability for Kanopolis and Tuttle Creek Lakes, Kansas, 2008-10","docAbstract":"Continuous streamflow and turbidity data collected from October 1, 2008, to September 30, 2010, at streamgage sites upstream and downstream from Kanopolis and Tuttle Creek Lakes, Kansas, were used to compute the total suspended-sediment load delivered to and released from each reservoir as well as the sediment trap efficiency for each reservoir. Ongoing sedimentation is decreasing the ability of the reservoirs to serve several purposes including flood control, water supply, and recreation. River channel stability upstream and downstream from the reservoirs was assessed using historical streamgage information. For Kanopolis Lake, the total 2-year inflow suspended-sediment load was computed to be 600 million pounds. Most of the suspended-sediment load was delivered during short-term, high-discharge periods. The total 2-year outflow suspended-sediment load was computed to be 31 million pounds. Sediment trap efficiency for the reservoir was estimated to be 95 percent. The mean annual suspended-sediment yield from the upstream basin was estimated to be 129,000 pounds per square mile per year. No pronounced changes in channel width were evident at five streamgage sites located upstream from the reservoir. At the Ellsworth streamgage site, located upstream from the reservoir, long-term channel-bed aggradation was followed by a period of stability. Current (2010) conditions at five streamgages located upstream from the reservoir were typified by channel-bed stability. At the Langley streamgage site, located immediately downstream from the reservoir, the channel bed degraded 6.15 feet from 1948 to 2010. For Tuttle Creek Lake, the total 2-year inflow suspended-sediment load was computed to be 13.3 billion pounds. Most of the suspended-sediment load was delivered during short-term, high-discharge periods. The total 2-year outflow suspended-sediment load was computed to be 327 million pounds. Sediment trap efficiency for the reservoir was estimated to be 98 percent. The mean annual suspended-sediment yield from the upstream basin was estimated to be 691,000 pounds per square mile per year. In general, no pronounced changes in channel width were evident at six streamgage sites located upstream from the reservoir. At the Barnes and Marysville streamgage sites, located upstream from the reservoir, long-term channel-bed degradation followed by stability was indicated. At the Frankfort streamgage site, located upstream from the reservoir, channel-bed aggradation of 1.65 feet from 1969 to 1989 followed by channel-bed degradation of 2.4 feet from 1989 to 2010 was indicated and may represent the passage of a sediment pulse caused by historical disturbances (for example, channelization) in the upstream basin. With the exception of the Frankfort streamgage site, current (2010) conditions at four streamgages located upstream from the reservoir were typified by channel-bed stability. At the Manhattan streamgage site, located downstream from the reservoir, high-flow releases associated with the 1993 flood widened the channel about 60 feet (30 percent). The channel bed at this site degraded 4.2 feet from 1960 to 1998 and since has been relatively stable. For the purpose of computing suspended-sediment concentration and load, the use of turbidity data in a regression model can provide more reliable and reproducible estimates than a regression model that uses discharge as the sole independent variable. Moreover, the use of discharge only to compute suspended-sediment concentration and load may result in overprediction. Stream channel banks, compared to channel beds, likely are a more important source of sediment to Kanopolis and Tuttle Creek Lakes from the upstream basins. Other sediment sources include surface-soil erosion in the basins and shoreline erosion in the reservoirs.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115187","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Kansas Water Office","usgsCitation":"Juracek, K.E., 2011, Suspended-sediment loads, reservoir sediment trap efficiency, and upstream and downstream channel stability for Kanopolis and Tuttle Creek Lakes, Kansas, 2008-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5187, vii, 35 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115187.","productDescription":"vii, 35 p.","startPage":"i","endPage":"35","numberOfPages":"42","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116751,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5187.jpg"},{"id":111038,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5187/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"2000000","projection":"Albers Conic Equal-Area","country":"United States","state":"Kansas","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -103,38 ], [ -103,41.5 ], [ -95.83333333333333,41.5 ], [ -95.83333333333333,38 ], [ -103,38 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba314e4b08c986b31fb81","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Juracek, Kyle E. 0000-0002-2102-8980 kjuracek@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2102-8980","contributorId":2022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Juracek","given":"Kyle","email":"kjuracek@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70006205,"text":"fs20113147 - 2011 - Historical streamflows of Double Mountain Fork of Brazos River and water-surface elevations of Lake Alan Henry, Garza County, Texas, water years 1962-2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-11T15:16:32","indexId":"fs20113147","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-3147","title":"Historical streamflows of Double Mountain Fork of Brazos River and water-surface elevations of Lake Alan Henry, Garza County, Texas, water years 1962-2010","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the City of Lubbock, Texas, operates two surface-water stations in Garza County, Tex.: USGS streamflow-gaging station 08079600 Double Mountain Fork Brazos River at Justiceburg, Tex., and 08079700 Lake Alan Henry Reservoir, a water-supply reservoir about 60 miles southeast of Lubbock, Tex., and about 10 miles east of Justiceburg, Tex. The streamflow and water-surface elevation data from the two stations are useful to water-resource managers and planners in support of forecasting and water-resource infrastructure operations and are used in regional hydrologic studies.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20113147","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Lubbock","usgsCitation":"Asquith, W.H., and Vrabel, J., 2011, Historical streamflows of Double Mountain Fork of Brazos River and water-surface elevations of Lake Alan Henry, Garza County, Texas, water years 1962-2010: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2011-3147, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20113147.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"6","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116753,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2011_3147.gif"},{"id":111039,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2011/3147/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","datum":"NAD 83","country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -101.25,32.93333333333333 ], [ -101.25,33.11666666666667 ], [ -100.91666666666667,33.11666666666667 ], [ -100.91666666666667,32.93333333333333 ], [ -101.25,32.93333333333333 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a31a0e4b0c8380cd5e0aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Asquith, William H. 0000-0002-7400-1861 wasquith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7400-1861","contributorId":1007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asquith","given":"William","email":"wasquith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vrabel, Joseph 0000-0002-8773-0764 jvrabel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8773-0764","contributorId":1577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vrabel","given":"Joseph","email":"jvrabel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70006202,"text":"sim3173 - 2011 - Water-level surface in the Chicot equivalent aquifer system in southeastern Louisiana, 2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:42","indexId":"sim3173","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3173","title":"Water-level surface in the Chicot equivalent aquifer system in southeastern Louisiana, 2009","docAbstract":"The Chicot equivalent aquifer system is an important source of freshwater in southeastern Louisiana. In 2005, about 47 million gallons per day (Mgal/d) were withdrawn from the Chicot equivalent aquifer system in East Baton Rouge, East Feliciana, Livingston, Tangipahoa, St. Helena, St. Tammany, Washington, and West Feliciana Parishes. Concentrated withdrawals exceeded 5 Mgal/d in Bogalusa, the city of Baton Rouge, and in northwestern East Baton Rouge Parish. In the study area, about 30,000 wells screened in the Chicot equivalent aquifer system were registered with the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development (LaDOTD). These wells were constructed for public-supply, industry, irrigation, and domestic uses. Most of the wells were registered as domestic-use wells and are small-diameter, low-yielding wells. Total withdrawal from the Chicot equivalent aquifer system for domestic use was estimated to be 12 Mgal/d in 2005. This report documents the 2009 water-level surface of the Chicot equivalent aquifer system in southeastern Louisiana. The report also shows differences in water-level measurements for the years 1991 and 2009 at selected sites. Understanding changes and trends in water levels is important for continued use, planning, and management of groundwater resources. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development, conducted this study of the water-level surface of the Chicot equivalent aquifer system as part of an ongoing effort to monitor groundwater levels in aquifers in Louisiana.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3173","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development Office of Public Works, Hurricane Flood Proctection and Intermodal Transportation Water Resources Programs","usgsCitation":"Tomaszewski, D.J., 2011, Water-level surface in the Chicot equivalent aquifer system in southeastern Louisiana, 2009: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3173, 2 Plates; Plate 1: 34.00 x 27.00 inches; Plate 2: 34.00 x 27.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3173.","productDescription":"2 Plates; Plate 1: 34.00 x 27.00 inches; Plate 2: 34.00 x 27.00 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalEnd":"2009-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116752,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim_3173.png"},{"id":111037,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3173/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -91.58333333333333,30.916666666666668 ], [ -91.58333333333333,31.25 ], [ -89.5,31.25 ], [ -89.5,30.916666666666668 ], [ -91.58333333333333,30.916666666666668 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bcd7ce4b08c986b32e042","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tomaszewski, Dan J.","contributorId":95544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tomaszewski","given":"Dan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70006195,"text":"fs20113152 - 2011 - U.S. Geological Survey archived data recovery in Texas, 2008-11","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-11T15:16:03","indexId":"fs20113152","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-3152","title":"U.S. Geological Survey archived data recovery in Texas, 2008-11","docAbstract":"The 2008–11 data rescue and recovery efforts by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Texas Water Science Center resulted in an efficient workflow process, database, and Web user interface for scientists and citizens to access archived environmental information with practical applications. Much of this information is unique and has never been readily available to the public. The methods developed and lessons learned during this effort are now being applied to facilitate recovering archived information requested by USGS scientists, cooperators, and the general public.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20113152","usgsCitation":"Wehmeyer, L.L., and Reece, B.D., 2011, U.S. Geological Survey archived data recovery in Texas, 2008-11: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2011-3152, 1 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20113152.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"1","numberOfPages":"1","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2008-01-01","temporalEnd":"2011-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116792,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2011_3152.gif"},{"id":111035,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2011/3152/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bba9ee4b08c986b328275","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wehmeyer, Loren L.","contributorId":90412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wehmeyer","given":"Loren","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reece, Brian D. bdreece@usgs.gov","contributorId":2129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reece","given":"Brian","email":"bdreece@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":354050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}