Waterfowl in the genera Anas and Tadorna are suspected as vectors in the long‐distance transmission of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1. The former Soviet Republics of Central Asia are situated at an important migratory crossroads for these and other species of birds that bridges regions where the disease is prevalent. However, waterfowl movements through Central Asia are poorly quantified. In this study, historical data derived from over 80 years of bird ringing are combined with recent satellite tracking data to delineate migration routes, movement chronology and habitat use patterns of waterfowl in relation to H5N1 outbreak locations. Results confirm migratory linkage between breeding and moulting areas in northern Kazakhstan and southern Siberia, with non‐breeding areas in the Caspian, Black and eastern Mediterranean Sea basins, as well as with South Asia. However, unlike the situation in neighbouring regions, most notably western China, H5N1 outbreaks have not been recurrent in Central Asia after they were first reported during summer 2005 and spring 2006. These findings have implications in relation to potential sampling biases, species‐specific variation in migratory behaviour and continuing regional H5N1 transmission risks.
","language":"English","publisher":"British Ornithologist's Union","publisherLocation":"Peterborough, U.K.","doi":"10.1111/j.1474-919X.2010.01095.x","usgsCitation":"Iverson, S.A., Gavrilov, A., Katzner, T., Takekawa, J.Y., Miller, T., Hagemeijer, W., Mundkur, T., Sivananinthaperumal, B., DeMattos, C.C., Ahmed, L.S., and Newman, S.H., 2011, Migratory movements of waterfowl in Central Asia and avian influenza emergence: Sporadic transmission of H5N1 from east to west: Ibis, v. 153, no. 2, p. 279-292, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919X.2010.01095.x.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"279","endPage":"292","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204326,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia,Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan","state":"Siberia","otherGeospatial":"Central Asia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 56.42578125,\n 31.653381399664\n ],\n [\n 119.70703125,\n 31.653381399664\n ],\n [\n 119.70703125,\n 59.62332522313024\n ],\n [\n 56.42578125,\n 59.62332522313024\n ],\n [\n 56.42578125,\n 31.653381399664\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"153","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a60e4b07f02db6355c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Iverson, Samuel A.","contributorId":52308,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Iverson","given":"Samuel","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12437,"text":"Simon Fraser University, Centre for Wildlife Ecology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":350549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gavrilov, Andrei","contributorId":57587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gavrilov","given":"Andrei","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Katzner, Todd E.","contributorId":18893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katzner","given":"Todd E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":350545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Miller, Tricia A.","contributorId":64790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Tricia A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hagemeijer, Ward","contributorId":96406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hagemeijer","given":"Ward","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mundkur, Taej","contributorId":107843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mundkur","given":"Taej","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sivananinthaperumal, Balachandran","contributorId":63518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sivananinthaperumal","given":"Balachandran","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"DeMattos, Carlos C.","contributorId":26058,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeMattos","given":"Carlos","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Ahmed, Lu’ay S.","contributorId":45050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ahmed","given":"Lu’ay","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Newman, Scott H.","contributorId":101372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newman","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70118817,"text":"70118817 - 2011 - Delayed age at weaning in Southeast Alaska Steller sea lions determined using stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-30T13:54:21","indexId":"70118817","displayToPublicDate":"2011-11-27T13:53:51","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":18,"text":"Abstract or summary"},"title":"Delayed age at weaning in Southeast Alaska Steller sea lions determined using stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkTitle":"19th Biennial Conference on the Biology of Marine Mammals","language":"English","publisher":"The Society for Marine Mammalogy","publisherLocation":"Tampa, FL","usgsCitation":"Rea, L.D., Banks, A., Farley, S.D., Stricker, C.A., Fadely, B., Mellish, J., Christ, A., and Pitcher, K., 2011, Delayed age at weaning in Southeast Alaska Steller sea lions determined using stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen, in 19th Biennial Conference on the Biology of Marine Mammals.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":291422,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f629e4b0bc0bec0a1ad7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rea, Lorrie D.","contributorId":82143,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rea","given":"Lorrie","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":7058,"text":"Alaska Department of Fish and Game","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":497303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Banks, A.R.","contributorId":91419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banks","given":"A.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Farley, Sean D.","contributorId":27642,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Farley","given":"Sean","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":7058,"text":"Alaska Department of Fish and Game","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":497300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stricker, Craig A. 0000-0002-5031-9437 cstricker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5031-9437","contributorId":1097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stricker","given":"Craig","email":"cstricker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":497298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fadely, B.","contributorId":105651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fadely","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mellish, J.","contributorId":79409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mellish","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Christ, A.","contributorId":30922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christ","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Pitcher, K.","contributorId":26984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pitcher","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70118895,"text":"70118895 - 2011 - Foraging ecology of bottlenose dolphins: a stable isotopic reconstruction over six decades","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-31T08:43:59","indexId":"70118895","displayToPublicDate":"2011-11-27T08:42:51","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":18,"text":"Abstract or summary"},"title":"Foraging ecology of bottlenose dolphins: a stable isotopic reconstruction over six decades","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkTitle":"19th Biennial Conference on the Biology of Marine Mammals","language":"English","publisher":"The Society for Marine Mammalogy","publisherLocation":"Tampa, FL","usgsCitation":"Rossman, S., Barros, N., Stricker, C.A., Ostrom, P., and Wells, R., 2011, Foraging ecology of bottlenose dolphins: a stable isotopic reconstruction over six decades, in 19th Biennial Conference on the Biology of Marine Mammals.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":291436,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53db5843e4b0fba533fa357c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rossman, S.L.","contributorId":59729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rossman","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barros, N.B.","contributorId":107239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barros","given":"N.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stricker, Craig A. 0000-0002-5031-9437 cstricker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5031-9437","contributorId":1097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stricker","given":"Craig","email":"cstricker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":497348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ostrom, P.H.","contributorId":38753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ostrom","given":"P.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wells, R.S.","contributorId":82623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70004680,"text":"70004680 - 2011 - Role of climate and invasive species in structuring trout distributions in the interior Columbia River Basin, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:16:01","indexId":"70004680","displayToPublicDate":"2011-11-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Role of climate and invasive species in structuring trout distributions in the interior Columbia River Basin, USA","docAbstract":"Recent and projected climate warming trends have prompted interest in impacts on coldwater fishes. We examined the role of climate (temperature and flow regime) relative to geomorphology and land use in determining the observed distributions of three trout species in the interior Columbia River Basin, USA. We considered two native species, cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii) and bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus), as well as nonnative brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis). We also examined the response of the native species to the presence of brook trout. Analyses were conducted using multilevel logistic regression applied to a geographically broad database of 4165 fish surveys. The results indicated that bull trout distributions were strongly related to climatic factors, and more weakly related to the presence of brook trout and geomorphic variables. Cutthroat trout distributions were weakly related to climate but strongly related to the presence of brook trout. Brook trout distributions were related to both climate and geomorphic variables, including proximity to unconfined valley bottoms. We conclude that brook trout and bull trout are likely to be adversely affected by climate warming, whereas cutthroat trout may be less sensitive. The results illustrate the importance of considering species interactions and flow regime alongside temperature in understanding climate effects on fish.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","publisherLocation":"Ottawa, Ontario","usgsCitation":"Wenger, S.J., Isaak, D.J., Dunham, J., Fausch, K., Luce, C.H., Neville, H.M., Rieman, B.E., Young, M.K., Nagel, D.E., Horan, D.L., and Chandler, G.L., 2011, Role of climate and invasive species in structuring trout distributions in the interior Columbia River Basin, USA: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 68, no. 6, p. 988-1008.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"988","endPage":"1008","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204368,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":110915,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.fs.fed.us/rm/pubs_other/rmrs_2011_wenger_s002.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Columbia River Basin","volume":"68","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fe221","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wenger, Seth J.","contributorId":64786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wenger","given":"Seth","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Isaak, Daniel J.","contributorId":57202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Isaak","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dunham, Jason B.","contributorId":64791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunham","given":"Jason B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fausch, Kurt D. 0000-0001-5825-7560","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5825-7560","contributorId":29370,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fausch","given":"Kurt D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Luce, Charles H.","contributorId":65980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luce","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Neville, Helen M.","contributorId":21273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neville","given":"Helen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rieman, Bruce E.","contributorId":107420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rieman","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Young, Michael K.","contributorId":34253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Nagel, David E.","contributorId":86887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagel","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Horan, Dona L.","contributorId":36672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horan","given":"Dona","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Chandler, Gwynne L.","contributorId":74869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chandler","given":"Gwynne","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70006010,"text":"70006010 - 2011 - Occurrence of antibiotic resistance and characterization of resistant genes and integrons in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from integrated fish farms south China","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-29T18:31:00.477796","indexId":"70006010","displayToPublicDate":"2011-11-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2259,"text":"Journal of Environmental Monitoring","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Occurrence of antibiotic resistance and characterization of resistant genes and integrons in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from integrated fish farms south China","docAbstract":"Antibiotics are still widely applied in animal husbandry to prevent diseases and used as feed additives to promote animal growth. This could result in antibiotic resistance to bacteria and antibiotic residues in animals. In this paper, Enterobacteriaceae isolated from four integrated fish farms in Zhongshan, South China were tested for antibiotic resistance, tetracycline resistance genes, sulfonamide resistance genes, and class 1 integrons. The Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays were carried out to test antibiotic susceptibility and resistance genes, respectively. Relatively high antibiotic resistance frequencies were found, especially for ampicillin (80%), tetracycline (52%), and trimethoprim (50%). Out of 203 Enterobacteriaceae isolates, 98.5% were resistant to one or more antibiotics tested. Multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) was found highest in animal manures with a MAR index of 0.56. Tetracycline resistance genes (tet(A), tet(C)) and sulfonamide resistance genes (sul2) were detected in more than 50% of the isolates. The intI1gene was found in 170 isolates (83.7%). Both classic and non-classic class 1 integrons were found. Four genes, aadA5, aadA22, dfr2, and dfrA17, were detected. To our knowledge, this is the first report for molecular characterization of antibiotic resistance genes in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from integrated fish farms in China and the first time that gene cassette arraydfrA17-aadA5 has been detected in such fish farms. Results of this study indicated that fish farms may be a reservoir of highly diverse and abundant antibiotic resistant genes and gene cassettes. Integrons may play a key role in multiple antibiotic resistances posing potential health risks to the general public and aquaculture.
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/es200744f","usgsCitation":"Novak, P., Arnold, W., Blazer, V., Halden, R., Klaper, R., Kolpin, D., Kriebel, D., Love, N., Martinovic-Weigelt, D., Patisaul, H., Snyder, S., vom Saal, F.S., and Weisbrod, A., 2011, On the need for a national (US) research program to elucidate the potential risks to human health and the environment posed by contaminants of emerging concern: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 45, no. 9, p. 3829-3830, https://doi.org/10.1021/es200744f.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"3829","endPage":"3830","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204338,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"45","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af3e4b07f02db691b46","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Novak, P.J.","contributorId":62737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Novak","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arnold, William A.","contributorId":31105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arnold","given":"William A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blazer, V. 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The plume persisted until 2010 despite excavation of the tanks and piping within months after the spill and excavations of additional contaminated sediments from the source area in 2007 and 2008. The probable history of MTBE concentrations along the plume centerline at its source was estimated using a wide variety of available information, including published details about the original spill, excavations and monitoring by VAFB consultants, and our own research data. Two-dimensional reactive transport simulations of MTBE along the plume centerline were conducted for a 20-year period following the spill. These analyses suggest that MTBE diffused from the thin anaerobic aquifer into the adjacent anaerobic silts and transformed to TBA in both aquifer and silt layers. The model reproduces the observation that after 2004 TBA was the dominant solute, diffusing back out of the silts into the aquifer and sustaining plume concentrations much longer than would have been the case in the absence of such diffusive exchange. 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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"579889cbe4b0589fa1c6bb91","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Veitch, C.R.","contributorId":101909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Veitch","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644901,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clout, M.N.","contributorId":173498,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clout","given":"M.N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644902,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Townsend, D.R.","contributorId":103671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Townsend","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644903,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Hess, S.C. 0000-0001-6403-9922","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6403-9922","contributorId":86081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hess","given":"S.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jacobi, J.D.","contributorId":13570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobi","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70004384,"text":"70004384 - 2011 - Measurement and modeling of unsaturated hydraulic conductivity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-16T17:44:46.61134","indexId":"70004384","displayToPublicDate":"2011-11-23T05:15:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"21","title":"Measurement and modeling of unsaturated hydraulic conductivity","docAbstract":"The unsaturated zone plays an extremely important hydrologic role that influences water quality and quantity, ecosystem function and health, the connection between atmospheric and terrestrial processes, nutrient cycling, soil development, and natural hazards such as flooding and landslides. Unsaturated hydraulic conductivity is one of the main properties considered to govern flow; however it is very difficult to measure accurately. Knowledge of the highly nonlinear relationship between unsaturated hydraulic conductivity (K) and volumetric water content () is required for widely-used models of water flow and solute transport processes in the unsaturated zone. Measurement of unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of sediments is costly and time consuming, therefore use of models that estimate this property from more easily measured bulk-physical properties is common. In hydrologic studies, calculations based on property-transfer models informed by hydraulic property databases are often used in lieu of measured data from the site of interest. Reliance on database-informed predicted values with the use of neural networks has become increasingly common. Hydraulic properties predicted using databases may be adequate in some applications, but not others.
\nThis chapter will discuss, by way of examples, various techniques used to measure and model hydraulic conductivity as a function of water content, K(). The parameters that describe the K() curve obtained by different methods are used directly in Richards’ equation-based numerical models, which have some degree of sensitivity to those parameters. This chapter will explore the complications of using laboratory measured or estimated properties for field scale investigations to shed light on how adequately the processes are represented. Additionally, some more recent concepts for representing unsaturated-zone flow processes will be discussed.
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Near-real-time and forecast flood-inundation mapping products resulted from a pilot study for an 11-mile reach of the White River in Indianapolis. The study was done by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Indiana Silver Jackets hazard mitigation taskforce members, the National Weather Service (NWS), the Polis Center, and Indiana University, in cooperation with the City of Indianapolis, the Indianapolis Museum of Art, the Indiana Department of Homeland Security, and the Indiana Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water. The pilot project showed that it is technically feasible to create a flood-inundation map library by means of a two-dimensional hydraulic model, use a map from the library to quickly complete a moderately detailed local flood-loss estimate, and automatically run the hydraulic model during a flood event to provide the maps and flood-damage information through a Web graphical user interface. A library of static digital flood-inundation maps was created by means of a calibrated two-dimensional hydraulic model. Estimated water-surface elevations were developed for a range of river stages referenced to a USGS streamgage and NWS flood forecast point colocated within the study reach. These maps were made available through the Internet in several formats, including geographic information system, Keyhole Markup Language, and Portable Document Format. A flood-loss estimate was completed for part of the study reach by using one of the flood-inundation maps from the static library. The Federal Emergency Management Agency natural disaster-loss estimation program HAZUS-MH, in conjunction with local building information, was used to complete a level 2 analysis of flood-loss estimation. A Service-Oriented Architecture-based dynamic flood-inundation application was developed and was designed to start automatically during a flood, obtain near real-time and forecast data (from the colocated USGS streamgage and NWS flood forecast point within the study reach), run the two-dimensional hydraulic model, and produce flood-inundation maps. The application used local building data and depth-damage curves to estimate flood losses based on the maps, and it served inundation maps and flood-loss estimates through a Web-based graphical user interface.
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larihood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5792-3699","contributorId":2357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arihood","given":"Leslie","email":"larihood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":353721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kiesler, James L. jkiesler@usgs.gov","contributorId":4470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kiesler","given":"James","email":"jkiesler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":353724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70006048,"text":"ofr20111240 - 2011 - Helicopter electromagnetic and magnetic geophysical survey data, Hunton anticline, south-central Oklahoma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-15T14:00:18.776932","indexId":"ofr20111240","displayToPublicDate":"2011-11-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1240","title":"Helicopter electromagnetic and magnetic geophysical survey data, Hunton anticline, south-central Oklahoma","docAbstract":"This report is a digital data release for multiple geophysical surveys conducted in the Hunton anticline area of south-central Oklahoma. The helicopter electromagnetic and magnetic surveys were flown on March 16–17, 2007, in four areas of the Hunton anticline in south-central Oklahoma. The objective of this project is to improve the understanding of the geohydrologic framework of the Arbuckle-Simpson aquifer. The electromagnetic sensor for the helicopter electromagnetic survey consisted of six different transmitter-receiver orientations that measured the earth's electrical response at six distinct frequencies from approximately 500 Hertz to approximately 115,000 Hertz. The electromagnetic measurements were converted to electrical resistivity values, which were gridded and plotted on georeferenced maps. The map from each frequency represents a different depth of investigation for each area. The range of subsurface investigation is comparable to the depth of shallow groundwater. The four areas selected for the helicopter electromagnetic study, blocks A–D, have different geologic and hydrologic settings. Geophysical and hydrologic information from U.S. Geological Survey studies are being used by modelers and resource managers to develop groundwater resource plans for the Arbuckle-Simpson aquifer.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111240","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service and the State of Oklahoma, Oklahoma Water Resources Board","usgsCitation":"Smith, B.D., Smith, D.V., Deszcz-Pan, M., Blome, C.D., and Hill, P., 2011, Helicopter electromagnetic and magnetic geophysical survey data, Hunton anticline, south-central Oklahoma: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1240, v, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111240.","productDescription":"v, 14 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":308,"text":"Geology and Environmental Change Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":110900,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1240/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":116704,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1240.gif"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","otherGeospatial":"Hunton anticline, Arbuckle-Aimpson aquifer","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3031e4b0c8380cd5d43a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Bruce D. 0000-0002-1643-2997 bsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1643-2997","contributorId":845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Bruce","email":"bsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":353728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, David V. 0000-0003-0426-4401 dvsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0426-4401","contributorId":1306,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"David","email":"dvsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":353730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Deszcz-Pan, Maryla","contributorId":87639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deszcz-Pan","given":"Maryla","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Blome, Charles D. 0000-0002-3449-9378 cblome@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3449-9378","contributorId":1246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blome","given":"Charles","email":"cblome@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":353729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hill, Patricia","contributorId":65160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Patricia","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70003740,"text":"70003740 - 2011 - Response to comments on \"A bacterium that can grow using arsenic instead of phosphorus\"","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-11T11:37:36","indexId":"70003740","displayToPublicDate":"2011-11-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response to comments on \"A bacterium that can grow using arsenic instead of phosphorus\"","docAbstract":"Concerns have been raised about our recent study suggesting that arsenic (As) substitutes for phosphorus in major biomolecules of a bacterium that tolerates extreme As concentrations. We welcome the opportunity to better explain our methods and results and to consider alternative interpretations. We maintain that our interpretation of As substitution, based on multiple congruent lines of evidence, is viable.","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.1202098","usgsCitation":"Wolfe-Simon, F., Blum, J.S., Kulp, T., Gordon, G.W., Hoeft, S.E., Pett-Ridge, J., Stolz, J.F., Webb, S.M., Weber, P.K., Davies, P.C., Anbar, A.D., and Oremland, R.S., 2011, Response to comments on \"A bacterium that can grow using arsenic instead of phosphorus\": Science, v. 332, no. 6034, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1202098.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1149","costCenters":[{"id":148,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Western Region","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474894,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1021547","text":"External Repository"},{"id":204524,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"332","issue":"6034","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4780e4b07f02db482319","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wolfe-Simon, Felisa","contributorId":91750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolfe-Simon","given":"Felisa","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blum, Jodi Switzer","contributorId":96946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blum","given":"Jodi","email":"","middleInitial":"Switzer","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kulp, Thomas R.","contributorId":58364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kulp","given":"Thomas R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gordon, Gwyneth W.","contributorId":94165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gordon","given":"Gwyneth","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hoeft, Shelley E.","contributorId":54077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoeft","given":"Shelley","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Pett-Ridge, Jennifer","contributorId":6726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pett-Ridge","given":"Jennifer","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Stolz, John F.","contributorId":47225,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stolz","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Webb, Samuel M.","contributorId":62088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"Samuel","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Weber, Peter K.","contributorId":28868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weber","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Davies, Paul C.W.","contributorId":63686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davies","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"C.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Anbar, Ariel D.","contributorId":88222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anbar","given":"Ariel","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Oremland, Ronald S. 0000-0001-7382-0147 roremlan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7382-0147","contributorId":931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oremland","given":"Ronald","email":"roremlan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":348606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70003808,"text":"70003808 - 2011 - Response of lake chemistry to changes in atmospheric deposition and climate in three high-elevation wilderness areas of Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-06T15:34:08.847572","indexId":"70003808","displayToPublicDate":"2011-11-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1007,"text":"Biogeochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response of lake chemistry to changes in atmospheric deposition and climate in three high-elevation wilderness areas of Colorado","docAbstract":"Trends in precipitation chemistry and hydrologic and climatic data were examined as drivers of long-term changes in the chemical composition of high-elevation lakes in three wilderness areas in Colorado during 1985–2008. Sulfate concentrations in precipitation decreased at a rate of −0.15 to −0.55 μeq/l/year at 10 high-elevation National Atmospheric Deposition Program stations in the state during 1987–2008 reflecting regional reductions in SO2 emissions. In lakes where sulfate is primarily derived from atmospheric inputs, sulfate concentrations also decreased although the rates generally were less, ranging from −0.12 to −0.27 μeq/l/year. The similarity in timing and sulfur isotopic data support the hypothesis that decreases in atmospheric deposition are driving the response of high-elevation lakes in some areas of the state. By contrast, in lakes where sulfate is derived primarily from watershed weathering sources, sulfate concentrations showed sharp increases during 1985–2008. Analysis of long-term climate records indicates that annual air temperatures have increased between 0.45 and 0.93°C per decade throughout most mountainous areas of Colorado, suggesting climate as a factor. Isotopic data reveal that sulfate in these lakes is largely derived from pyrite, which may indicate climate warming is preferentially affecting the rate of pyrite weathering.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s10533-010-9443-4","usgsCitation":"Mast, M.A., Turk, J.T., Clow, D.W., and Campbell, D.D., 2011, Response of lake chemistry to changes in atmospheric deposition and climate in three high-elevation wilderness areas of Colorado: Biogeochemistry, v. 103, no. 1-3, p. 27-43, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-010-9443-4.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"27","endPage":"43","temporalStart":"1985-01-01","temporalEnd":"2008-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204181,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Flat Tops Wilderness Area, Mount Zirkel Wilderness Area, Weminuche Wilderness Area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.5396728515625,\n 40.51797520038851\n ],\n [\n -106.28173828125,\n 40.51797520038851\n ],\n [\n -106.28173828125,\n 40.9964840143779\n ],\n [\n -107.5396728515625,\n 40.9964840143779\n ],\n [\n -107.5396728515625,\n 40.51797520038851\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.65502929687499,\n 39.740986355883564\n ],\n [\n -107.017822265625,\n 39.740986355883564\n ],\n [\n -107.017822265625,\n 40.13269100586688\n ],\n [\n -107.65502929687499,\n 40.13269100586688\n ],\n [\n -107.65502929687499,\n 39.740986355883564\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.8472900390625,\n 37.29153547292737\n ],\n [\n -106.8310546875,\n 37.29153547292737\n ],\n [\n -106.8310546875,\n 37.83148014503288\n ],\n [\n -107.8472900390625,\n 37.83148014503288\n ],\n [\n -107.8472900390625,\n 37.29153547292737\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"103","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-04-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db62836b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mast, M. Alisa 0000-0001-6253-8162 mamast@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6253-8162","contributorId":827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mast","given":"M.","email":"mamast@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Alisa","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":348968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Turk, John T.","contributorId":53363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turk","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clow, David W. 0000-0001-6183-4824 dwclow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6183-4824","contributorId":1671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clow","given":"David","email":"dwclow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":348969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Campbell, Donald D.","contributorId":23021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70003728,"text":"70003728 - 2011 - Restricted growth of U-type infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) in rainbow trout cells may be linked to casein kinase II activity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-29T19:09:43.793231","indexId":"70003728","displayToPublicDate":"2011-11-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2286,"text":"Journal of Fish Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Restricted growth of U-type infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) in rainbow trout cells may be linked to casein kinase II activity","docAbstract":"Previously, we demonstrated that a representative M genogroup type strain of infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) from rainbow trout grows well in rainbow trout‐derived RTG‐2 cells, but a U genogroup type strain from sockeye salmon has restricted growth, associated with reduced genome replication and mRNA transcription. Here, we analysed further the mechanisms for this growth restriction of U‐type IHNV in RTG‐2 cells, using strategies that assessed differences in viral genes, host immune regulation and phosphorylation. To determine whether the viral glycoprotein (G) or non‐virion (NV) protein was responsible for the growth restriction, four recombinant IHNV viruses were generated in which the G gene of an infectious IHNV clone was replaced by the G gene of U‐ or M‐type IHNV and the NV gene was replaced by NV of U‐ or M‐type IHNV. There was no significant difference in the growth of these recombinants in RTG‐2 cells, indicating that G and NV proteins are not major factors responsible for the differential growth of the U‐ and M‐type strains. Poly I:C pretreatment of RTG‐2 cells suppressed the growth of both U‐ and M‐type IHNV, although the M virus continued to replicate at a reduced level. Both viruses induced type 1 interferon (IFN1) and the IFN1 stimulated gene Mx1, but the expression levels in M‐infected cells were significantly higher than in U‐infected cells and an inhibitor of the IFN1‐inducible protein kinase PKR, 2‐aminopurine (2‐AP), did not affect the growth of U‐ or M‐type IHNV in RTG‐2 cells. These data did not indicate a role for the IFN1 system in the restricted growth of U‐type IHNV in RTG‐2 cells. Prediction of kinase‐specific phosphorylation sites in the viral phosphoprotein (P) using the NetPhosK program revealed differences between U‐ and M‐type P genes at five phosphorylation sites. Pretreatment of RTG‐2 cells with a PKC inhibitor or a p38MAPK inhibitor did not affect the growth of the U‐ and M‐type viruses. However, 100 μm of the casein kinase II (CKII) inhibitor, 5,6‐dichloro‐1‐β‐d‐ribofuranosylbenzimidazole (DRB), reduced the titre of the U type 8.3‐fold at 24 h post‐infection. In contrast, 100 μm of the CKII inhibitor reduced the titre of the M type only 1.3‐fold at 48 h post‐infection. Our data suggest that the different growth of U‐ and M‐type IHNV in RTG‐2 cells may be linked to a differential requirement for cellular protein kinases such as CKII for their growth.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2761.2010.01225.x","usgsCitation":"Park, J.W., Moon, C.H., Harmache, A., Wargo, A.R., Purcell, M.K., Bremont, M., and Kurath, G., 2011, Restricted growth of U-type infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) in rainbow trout cells may be linked to casein kinase II activity: Journal of Fish Diseases, v. 34, no. 2, p. 115-129, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.2010.01225.x.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"115","endPage":"129","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474893,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.2010.01225.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":204523,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4de4b07f02db627231","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Park, J. W.","contributorId":22084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Park","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moon, C. H.","contributorId":95607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moon","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harmache, A.","contributorId":98457,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harmache","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wargo, A. R.","contributorId":28734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wargo","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Purcell, M. K.","contributorId":78464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Purcell","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bremont, M.","contributorId":30349,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bremont","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kurath, Gael 0000-0003-3294-560X gkurath@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3294-560X","contributorId":100522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurath","given":"Gael","email":"gkurath@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":348557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ]}