Imperiled Okaloosa darters (Etheostoma okaloosae) are small, benthic fish limited to six streams that flow into three bayous of Choctawhatchee Bay in northwest Florida, USA. We analyzed the complete mitochondrial cytochrome b gene and 10 nuclear microsatellite loci for 255 and 273 Okaloosa darters, respectively. Bayesian clustering analyses and AMOVA reflect congruent population genetic structure in both mitochondrial and microsatellite DNA. This structure reveals historical isolation of Okaloosa darter streams nested within bayous. Most of the six streams appear to have exchanged migrants though they remain genetically distinct. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service recently reclassified Okaloosa darters from endangered to threatened status. Our genetic data support the reclassification of Okaloosa darter Evolutionary Significant Units (ESUs) in the larger Tom’s, Turkey, and Rocky creeks from endangered to threatened status. However, the three smaller drainages (Mill, Swift, and Turkey Bolton creeks) remain at risk due to their small population sizes and anthropogenic pressures on remaining habitat. Natural resource managers now have the evolutionary information to guide recovery actions within and among drainages throughout the range of the Okaloosa darter.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s10592-011-0201-5","usgsCitation":"Austin, J.D., Jelks, H.L., Tate, B., Johnson, A.R., and Jordan, F., 2011, Population genetic structure and conservation genetics of threatened Okaloosa darters (Etheostoma okaloosae): Conservation Genetics, v. 12, no. 4, p. 981-989, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-011-0201-5.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"981","endPage":"989","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204203,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Choctawhatchee Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -86.66427612304688,\n 30.336139145258013\n ],\n [\n -86.02706909179688,\n 30.336139145258013\n ],\n [\n -86.02706909179688,\n 30.524413269923986\n ],\n [\n -86.66427612304688,\n 30.524413269923986\n ],\n [\n -86.66427612304688,\n 30.336139145258013\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-04-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad6e4b07f02db683f28","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Austin, James D.","contributorId":57584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Austin","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jelks, Howard L. 0000-0002-0672-6297 hjelks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0672-6297","contributorId":2962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jelks","given":"Howard","email":"hjelks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":353380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tate, Bill","contributorId":36669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tate","given":"Bill","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, Aria R.","contributorId":44662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Aria","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jordan, Frank","contributorId":103405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jordan","given":"Frank","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70005782,"text":"70005782 - 2011 - Least Bittern nesting record in Maine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:57","indexId":"70005782","displayToPublicDate":"2011-11-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2898,"text":"Northeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Least Bittern nesting record in Maine","docAbstract":"In June 2001, we located an active Ixobrychus exilis (Least Bittern) nest in Bass Harbor marsh on Mount Desert Island, Hancock County, ME. Only 2 other descriptions of Least Bittern nests exist for Maine, although based on other breeding evidence, the species is known to breed elsewhere in the state. We found the nest in a 0.7-ha Typha sp. (cattail)-dominated area within a larger (3.5 ha) freshwater wetland located ≈120 m from an 88-ha estuary. During the breeding season, most Least Bitterns in Maine and elsewhere are found in wetlands of greater size, usually >10 ha.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Northeastern Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Humboldt Field Research Institute","publisherLocation":"Steuben, ME","usgsCitation":"Wilson, P.U., and Longcore, J.R., 2011, Least Bittern nesting record in Maine: Northeastern Naturalist, v. 18, no. 3, p. 382-385.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"382","endPage":"385","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204262,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":94602,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1656/045.018.0311","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","county":"Hancock","otherGeospatial":"Bass Harbor Marsh;Mount Desert Island","volume":"18","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a80d9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Paul U.","contributorId":12611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"U.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Longcore, Jerry R.","contributorId":45447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longcore","given":"Jerry","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":353201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70005570,"text":"70005570 - 2011 - Lead exposure and poisoning of songbirds using the Coeur d'Alene River Basin, Idaho, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-09T19:39:20","indexId":"70005570","displayToPublicDate":"2011-11-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2006,"text":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lead exposure and poisoning of songbirds using the Coeur d'Alene River Basin, Idaho, USA","docAbstract":"Previous studies have found widespread Pb poisoning of waterfowl in the Coeur d'Alene River Basin in northern Idaho, USA, which has been contaminated by mining and smelting activities. We studied the exposure of ground-feeding songbirds to Pb, sampling 204 American robins (Turdus migratorius), song sparrows (Melospiza melodia), and Swainson's thrushes (Catharus ustulatus) throughout the basin. These songbirds had mean blood Pb concentrations (mg/kg, dry weight) of less than 0.19 at a reference area (25 mg Pb/kg soil), 1.09 at moderately contaminated sites (170 to 1300 mg Pb/kg soil), and 2.06 at highly contaminated sites (2000 to 5000 mg Pb/kg soil). Based on guidelines for evaluating blood Pb in birds, 6% of robins from the highly contaminated sites had background concentrations, 24% were subclinically poisoned, 52% were clinically poisoned, and 18% were severely clinically poisoned with Pb. Blood Pb concentrations were lower in song sparrows than in robins and lowest in Swainson's thrushes. More than half of the robins and song sparrows from all contaminated sites and more than half of the Swainson's thrushes from highly contaminated sites showed at least 50% inhibition of the activity of the enzyme δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD), commonly used as a measure of exposure to Pb. The highest hepatic Pb concentration of 61 mg/kg (dry weight) was detected in a song sparrow. Using Al as a marker for soil in songbird ingesta, we estimated average soil ingestion rates as 20% in robins, 17% in song sparrows, and 0.7% in Swainson's thrushes. Soil Pb in ingesta accounted for almost all of the songbirds' exposure to Pb. Based on these results, it is recommended that ecological risk assessments of ground-feeding songbirds at contaminated sites include soil ingestion as a pathway of exposure to Pb.","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","doi":"10.1002/ieam.201","usgsCitation":"Hansen, J.A., Audet, D., Spears, B.L., Healy, K.A., Brazzle, R.E., Hoffman, D.J., Dailey, A., and Beyer, W.N., 2011, Lead exposure and poisoning of songbirds using the Coeur d'Alene River Basin, Idaho, USA: Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, v. 7, no. 4, p. 587-595, https://doi.org/10.1002/ieam.201.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"587","endPage":"595","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204261,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Coeur D'alene River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.01538085937499,\n 47.27922900257082\n ],\n [\n -116.4276123046875,\n 47.27922900257082\n ],\n [\n -116.4276123046875,\n 47.70976154266637\n ],\n [\n -117.01538085937499,\n 47.70976154266637\n ],\n [\n -117.01538085937499,\n 47.27922900257082\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a885e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hansen, James A.","contributorId":98454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Audet, Daniel","contributorId":43486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Audet","given":"Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Spears, Brian L.","contributorId":56784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spears","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Healy, Kate A.","contributorId":102195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Healy","given":"Kate","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brazzle, Roy E.","contributorId":92414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brazzle","given":"Roy","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hoffman, David J.","contributorId":86075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":352838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dailey, Anne","contributorId":53936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dailey","given":"Anne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Beyer, W. Nelson 0000-0002-8911-9141 nbeyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8911-9141","contributorId":3301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beyer","given":"W.","email":"nbeyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Nelson","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":352834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70004975,"text":"70004975 - 2011 - Potential use of weather radar to study movements of wintering waterfowl","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:58","indexId":"70004975","displayToPublicDate":"2011-11-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potential use of weather radar to study movements of wintering waterfowl","docAbstract":"To protect and restore wintering waterfowl habitat, managers require knowledge of routine wintering waterfowl movements and habitat use. During preliminary screening of Doppler weather radar data we observed biological movements consistent with routine foraging flights of wintering waterfowl known to occur near Lacassine National Wildlife Refuge (NWR), Louisiana. During the winters of 2004–2005 and 2005–2006, we conducted field surveys to identify the source of the radar echoes emanating from Lacassine NWR. We compared field data to weather radar reflectivity data. Spatial and temporal patterns consistent with foraging flight movements appeared in weather radar data on all dates of field surveys. Dabbling ducks were the dominant taxa flying within the radar beam during the foraging flight period. Using linear regression, we found a positive log-linear relationship between average radar reflectivity (Z) and number of birds detected over the study area (P < 0.001, r2 = 0.62, n = 40). Ground observations and the statistically significant relationship between radar data and field data confirm that Doppler weather radar recorded the foraging flights of dabbling ducks. Weather radars may be effective tools for wintering waterfowl management because they provide broad-scale views of both diurnal and nocturnal movements. In addition, an extensive data archive enables the study of wintering waterfowl response to habitat loss, agricultural practices, wetland restoration, and other research questions that require multiple years of data.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MD","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.173","usgsCitation":"Randall, L.A., Diehl, R.H., Wilson, B.C., Barrow, W., and Jeske, C.W., 2011, Potential use of weather radar to study movements of wintering waterfowl: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 75, no. 6, p. 1324-1329, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.173.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1324","endPage":"1329","numberOfPages":"5","temporalStart":"2004-12-21","temporalEnd":"2006-03-21","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204247,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":24459,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.173","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Lacassine National Wildlife Refuge","volume":"75","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-07-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae1b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Randall, Lori A. 0000-0003-0100-994X randalll@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0100-994X","contributorId":2678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Randall","given":"Lori","email":"randalll@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Diehl, Robert H. 0000-0001-9141-1734 rhdiehl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9141-1734","contributorId":3396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diehl","given":"Robert","email":"rhdiehl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilson, Barry C.","contributorId":12968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Barry","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barrow, Wylie C. 0000-0003-4671-2823 barroww@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4671-2823","contributorId":1988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barrow","given":"Wylie C.","email":"barroww@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":351746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jeske, Clinton W. jeskec@usgs.gov","contributorId":2982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jeske","given":"Clinton","email":"jeskec@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":351748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70003315,"text":"70003315 - 2011 - Pore-throat sizes in sandstones, siltstones, and shales: Reply","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-05T15:21:13.629027","indexId":"70003315","displayToPublicDate":"2011-11-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":701,"text":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pore-throat sizes in sandstones, siltstones, and shales: Reply","docAbstract":"In his discussion of my article (Nelson, 2009), W. K. Camp takes issue with the concept that buoyancy is not the dominant force in forming and maintaining the distribution of gas in tight-gas accumulations (Camp, 2011). I will restrict my response to the issues he raised regarding buoyant versus nonbuoyant drive and to a few comments regarding water saturation and production. I claim that the pressure generated in petroleum source rocks (Pg), instead of the buoyancy pressure (Pb), provides the energy to charge most tight sandstones with gas. The arguments are fourfold: (1) buoyant columns of sufficient height seldom exist in low-permeability sand-shale sequences, (2) tight-gas systems display a pressure profile that declines instead of increases upward, (3) gas is pervasive in overpressured systems, and (4) source rocks can generate pore pressures sufficiently high to charge tight sandstones.","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG)","publisherLocation":"Tulsa, OK","doi":"10.1306/12141010159","usgsCitation":"Nelson, P.H., 2011, Pore-throat sizes in sandstones, siltstones, and shales: Reply: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 95, no. 8, p. 1448-1453, https://doi.org/10.1306/12141010159.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1448","endPage":"1453","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204511,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"95","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db6855c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, Philip H. pnelson@usgs.gov","contributorId":862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Philip","email":"pnelson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":346865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70043664,"text":"70043664 - 2011 - The skin: The many functions of fish integument","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-21T15:04:33","indexId":"70043664","displayToPublicDate":"2011-11-01T12:39:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"The skin: The many functions of fish integument","docAbstract":"The integument or skin is the envelope that not only separates and protects a fish from its environment, but also provides the means through which most contacts with the outer world are made. It is a large organ and is continuous with the linings of all body openings, and also covers the fins. Fish integument is a multifunctional organ, and its components may serve important roles in protection, communication, sensory perception, locomotion, respiration, ion regulation, excretion, and thermal regulation.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Encyclopedia of fish physiology: from genome to environment","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-12-374553-8.00285-9","usgsCitation":"Elliott, D.G., 2011, The skin: The many functions of fish integument, chap. of Encyclopedia of fish physiology: from genome to environment, v. 1, p. 471-475, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-374553-8.00285-9.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"471","endPage":"475","ipdsId":"IP-027976","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278637,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","edition":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5274cd82e4b089748f072456","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Farrell, Anthony P.","contributorId":112534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farrell","given":"Anthony P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509222,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Elliott, Diane G. 0000-0002-4809-6692 dgelliott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4809-6692","contributorId":2947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"Diane","email":"dgelliott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":474014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70199727,"text":"70199727 - 2011 - Continuous salinity and temperature data from San Francisco Estuary, 1982-2002: Trends and the salinity-freshwater inflow relationship","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-29T18:04:34.789515","indexId":"70199727","displayToPublicDate":"2011-11-01T12:38:56","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Continuous salinity and temperature data from San Francisco Estuary, 1982-2002: Trends and the salinity-freshwater inflow relationship","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey and other federal and state agencies have been collecting continuous temperature and salinity data, two critical estuarine habitat variables, throughout San Francisco estuary for over two decades. Although this dynamic, highly variable system has been well studied, many questions remain relating to the effects of freshwater inflow and other physical and biological linkages. This study examines up to 20 years of publically available, continuous temperature and salinity data from 10 different San Francisco Bay stations to identify trends in temperature and salinity and quantify the salinity–freshwater inflow relationship. Several trends in the salinity and temperature records were identified, although the high degree of daily and interannual variability confounds the analysis. In addition, freshwater inflow to the estuary has a range of effects on salinity from −0.0020 to −0.0096 (m3 s−1) −1 discharge, depending on location in the estuary and the timescale of analyzed data. Finally, we documented that changes in freshwater inflow to the estuary that are within the range of typical management actions can affect bay-wide salinities by 0.6–1.4. This study reinforces the idea that multidecadal records are needed to identify trends from decadal changes in water management and climate and, therefore, are extremely valuable.
","language":"English","publisher":"Coastal Education and Research Foundation","doi":"10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-10-00113.1","usgsCitation":"Shellenbarger, G., and Schoellhamer, D., 2011, Continuous salinity and temperature data from San Francisco Estuary, 1982-2002: Trends and the salinity-freshwater inflow relationship: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 27, no. 6, p. 1191-1201, https://doi.org/10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-10-00113.1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1191","endPage":"1201","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357778,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Estuary","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.51953124999999,\n 37.37015718405753\n ],\n [\n -121.7340087890625,\n 37.37015718405753\n ],\n [\n -121.7340087890625,\n 38.324420427006544\n ],\n [\n -122.51953124999999,\n 38.324420427006544\n ],\n [\n -122.51953124999999,\n 37.37015718405753\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"27","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10c0b3e4b034bf6a7f16b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shellenbarger, Gregory gshellen@usgs.gov","contributorId":174805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shellenbarger","given":"Gregory","email":"gshellen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schoellhamer, David H. 0000-0001-9488-7340 dschoell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-7340","contributorId":631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoellhamer","given":"David H.","email":"dschoell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70154861,"text":"70154861 - 2011 - Water quality and amphibian health in the Big Bend region of the Rio Grande Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-17T11:35:55","indexId":"70154861","displayToPublicDate":"2011-11-01T12:30:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3534,"text":"Texas Journal of Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water quality and amphibian health in the Big Bend region of the Rio Grande Basin","docAbstract":"Male and female Rio Grande leopard frogs (Rana berlandieri) were collected in May 2005 from the main stem and tributaries of the Rio Grande in the Big Bend region of Texas. Frogs were examined for (1) incidence of testicular ovarian follicles in males; (2) thyroid epithelial cell height, a potential index of exposure to thyroid-disrupting contaminants; and (3) incidence of liver melanomacrophage aggregates, a general index of exposure to contaminants. Standard parameters of surface water quality and concentrations of selected elements, including heavy metals, were determined at each frog collection site. Heavy metals also were measured in whole-frog composite extracts. Water cadmium concentrations in most sites and chloride concentrations in the main stem exceeded federal criteria for freshwater aquatic life. Mercury was detected in frogs from the two collection sites in Terlingua Creek. There was a seventeen percent incidence of testicular ovarian follicles in male frogs. Mean thyroid epithelial cell height was greater in frogs from one of the Terlingua Creek sites (Terlingua Abajo). No differences were observed in the incidence of hepatic macrophage aggregates among sites. In conclusion, although potential cause-effect relationships between indices of habitat quality and amphibian health could not be established, the results of this study raise concerns about the general quality of the aquatic habitat and the potential long-term consequences to the aquatic biota of the Big Bend region. The presence of ovarian follicles in male frogs is noteworthy but further study is necessary to determine whether this phenomenon is natural or anthropogenically induced.
","language":"English","publisher":"Texas Academy of Science","publisherLocation":"Lubbock, TX","usgsCitation":"Sharma, B., Hu, F., Carr, J., and Patino, R., 2011, Water quality and amphibian health in the Big Bend region of the Rio Grande Basin: Texas Journal of Science, v. 63, no. 3/4, p. 233-233.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"233","endPage":"233","numberOfPages":"1","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-018722","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305805,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"63","issue":"3/4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55aa2741e4b0183d66e47ea3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sharma, Bibek","contributorId":100106,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sharma","given":"Bibek","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hu, F.","contributorId":31186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hu","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carr, J.A.","contributorId":106692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carr","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Patino, Reynaldo 0000-0002-4831-8400 r.patino@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4831-8400","contributorId":2311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patino","given":"Reynaldo","email":"r.patino@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70236058,"text":"70236058 - 2011 - Preface to the Focused Issue on the 22 February 2011 Magnitude 6.2 Christchurch Earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-26T16:28:29.756153","indexId":"70236058","displayToPublicDate":"2011-11-01T11:25:37","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Preface to the Focused Issue on the 22 February 2011 Magnitude 6.2 Christchurch Earthquake","docAbstract":"The 22 February 2011 magnitude 6.2 Christchurch earthquake, centered southeast of Christchurch, was part of the aftershock sequence that has been occurring since the September 2010 magnitude 7.1 quake near Darfield, 40 km west of the city. The Christchurch earthquake killed more than 180 people, damaged or destroyed more than 100,000 buildings, and is New Zealand's most deadly disaster since the earthquake that struck the Napier and Hastings area on 3 February 1931.
This special focused issue of Seismological Research Letters, which I had the fortune to edit, contains a selected set of 19 original technical papers. These papers cover different aspects of the 2011 Christchurch earthquake from seismological, geodetic, geological, and engineering perspectives.
Drought and summer drying can be important disturbance events in many small streams leading to intermittent or isolated habitats. We examined what habitats act as refuges for fishes during summer drying, hypothesizing that pools would act as refuge habitats. We predicted that during drying fish would show directional movement into pools from riffle habitats, survival rates would be greater in pools than in riffles, and fish abundance would increase in pool habitats. We examined movement, survival and abundance of three minnow species, bigeye shiner (Notropis boops), highland stoneroller (Campostoma spadiceum) and creek chub (Semotilus atromaculatus), during seasonal stream drying in an Ozark stream using a closed robust multi-strata mark-recapture sampling. Population parameters were estimated using plausible models within program MARK, where a priori models are ranked using Akaike's Information Criterion. Creek chub showed directional movement into pools and increased survival and abundance in pools during drying. Highland stonerollers showed strong directional movement into pools and abundance increased in pools during drying, but survival rates were not significantly greater in pools than riffles. Bigeye shiners showed high movement rates during drying, but the movement was non-directional, and survival rates were greater in riffles than pools. Therefore, creek chub supported our hypothesis and pools appear to act as refuge habitats for this species, whereas highland stonerollers partly supported the hypothesis and bigeye shiners did not support the pool refuge hypothesis. Refuge habitats during drying are species dependent. An urgent need exists to further understand refuge habitats in streams given projected changes in climate and continued alteration of hydrological regimes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Birkhauser","publisherLocation":"Boston","doi":"10.1007/s00027-011-0206-7","collaboration":"Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol Sci, US Geol Survey, Arkansas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit","usgsCitation":"Hodges, S., and Magoulick, D.D., 2011, Refuge habitats for fishes during seasonal drying in an intermittent stream: movement, survival and abundance of three minnow species: Aquatic Sciences, v. 73, no. 4, p. 513-522, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00027-011-0206-7.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"513","endPage":"522","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-025585","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":301399,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"73","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"558931d6e4b0b6d21dd61c10","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hodges, S.W.","contributorId":98563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hodges","given":"S.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":549101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Magoulick, Daniel D. 0000-0001-9665-5957 danmag@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9665-5957","contributorId":2513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magoulick","given":"Daniel","email":"danmag@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":549082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70047199,"text":"70047199 - 2011 - Simultaneous speciation of arsenic, selenium, and chromium: species, stability, sample preservation, and analysis of ash and soil leachates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-25T10:05:56","indexId":"70047199","displayToPublicDate":"2011-11-01T09:55:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":764,"text":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simultaneous speciation of arsenic, selenium, and chromium: species, stability, sample preservation, and analysis of ash and soil leachates","docAbstract":"An analytical method using high-performance liquid chromatography separation with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) detection previously developed for the determination of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) has been adapted to allow the determination of As(III), As(V), Se(IV), Se(VI), Cr(III), and Cr(VI) under the same chromatographic conditions. Using this method, all six inorganic species can be determined in less than 3 min. A dynamic reaction cell (DRC)-ICP-MS system was used to detect the species eluted from the chromatographic column in order to reduce interferences. A variety of reaction cell gases and conditions may be utilized with the DRC-ICP-MS, and final selection of conditions is determined by data quality objectives. Results indicated all starting standards, reagents, and sample vials should be thoroughly tested for contamination. Tests on species stability indicated that refrigeration at 10° C was preferential to freezing for most species, particularly when all species were present, and that sample solutions and extracts should be analyzed as soon as possible to eliminate species instability and interconversion effects. A variety of environmental and geological samples, including waters and deionized water [leachates] and simulated biological leachates from soils and wildfire ashes have been analyzed using this method. Analytical spikes performed on each sample were used to evaluate data quality. Speciation analyses were conducted on deionized water leachates and simulated lung fluid leachates of ash and soils impacted by wildfires. These results show that, for leachates containing high levels of total Cr, the majority of the chromium was present in the hexavalent Cr(VI) form. In general, total and hexavalent chromium levels for samples taken from burned residential areas were higher than those obtained from non-residential forested areas. Arsenic, when found, was generally in the more oxidized As(V) form. Selenium (IV) and (VI) were present, but typically at low levels.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00216-011-5275-x","usgsCitation":"Wolf, R.E., Morman, S.A., Hageman, P.L., Hoefen, T.M., and Plumlee, G.S., 2011, Simultaneous speciation of arsenic, selenium, and chromium: species, stability, sample preservation, and analysis of ash and soil leachates: Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, v. 9, no. 401, p. 2733-2745, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-011-5275-x.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"2733","endPage":"2745","numberOfPages":"13","ipdsId":"IP-029824","costCenters":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275374,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":275357,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-011-5275-x"},{"id":275358,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00216-011-5275-x#page-1"}],"volume":"9","issue":"401","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51f25423e4b0279fe2e1c02a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wolf, Ruth E. rwolf@usgs.gov","contributorId":903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolf","given":"Ruth","email":"rwolf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morman, Suzette A. 0000-0002-2532-1033 smorman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2532-1033","contributorId":996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morman","given":"Suzette","email":"smorman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hageman, Philip L. 0000-0002-3440-2150 phageman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3440-2150","contributorId":811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hageman","given":"Philip","email":"phageman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hoefen, Todd M. 0000-0002-3083-5987 thoefen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3083-5987","contributorId":403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoefen","given":"Todd","email":"thoefen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Plumlee, Geoffrey S. 0000-0002-9607-5626 gplumlee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9607-5626","contributorId":960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plumlee","given":"Geoffrey","email":"gplumlee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70047286,"text":"70047286 - 2011 - Estimating eruption temperature from thermal emission spectra of lava fountain activity in the Erta'Ale (Ethiopia) volcano lava lake: Implications for observing Io's volcanoes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-13T13:59:15","indexId":"70047286","displayToPublicDate":"2011-11-01T08:55:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating eruption temperature from thermal emission spectra of lava fountain activity in the Erta'Ale (Ethiopia) volcano lava lake: Implications for observing Io's volcanoes","docAbstract":"We have analysed high-spatial-resolution and high-temporal-resolution temperature measurements of the active lava lake at Erta'Ale volcano, Ethiopia, to derive requirements for measuring eruption temperatures at Io's volcanoes. Lava lakes are particularly attractive targets because they are persistent in activity and large, often with ongoing lava fountain activity that exposes lava at near-eruption temperature. Using infrared thermography, we find that extracting useful temperature estimates from remote-sensing data requires (a) high spatial resolution to isolate lava fountains from adjacent cooler lava and (b) rapid acquisition of multi-color data. Because existing spacecraft data of Io's volcanoes do not meet these criteria, it is particularly important to design future instruments so that they will be able to collect such data. Near-simultaneous data at more than two relatively short wavelengths (shorter than 1 μm) are needed to constrain eruption temperatures. Resolving parts of the lava lake or fountains that are near the eruption temperature is also essential, and we provide a rough estimate of the required image scale.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2011GL049418","usgsCitation":"Davies, A., Keszthelyi, L., and McEwen, A.S., 2011, Estimating eruption temperature from thermal emission spectra of lava fountain activity in the Erta'Ale (Ethiopia) volcano lava lake: Implications for observing Io's volcanoes: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 38, no. 21, 5 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GL049418.","productDescription":"5 p.","numberOfPages":"5","ipdsId":"IP-049705","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275551,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Ethiopia","otherGeospatial":"Erta'ale Volcano","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 40.660017,13.601647 ], [ 40.660017,13.607983 ], [ 40.666017,13.607983 ], [ 40.666017,13.601647 ], [ 40.660017,13.601647 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"38","issue":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-11-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51f8e061e4b0cecbe8fa986e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davies, Ashley G.","contributorId":36827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davies","given":"Ashley G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keszthelyi, Laszlo P. 0000-0003-1879-4331 laz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1879-4331","contributorId":52802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keszthelyi","given":"Laszlo P.","email":"laz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McEwen, Alfred S.","contributorId":61657,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McEwen","given":"Alfred","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":481618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70005872,"text":"fs20113133 - 2011 - A promising tool for subsurface permafrost mapping-An application of airborne geophysics from the Yukon River Basin, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:12:00","indexId":"fs20113133","displayToPublicDate":"2011-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-3133","title":"A promising tool for subsurface permafrost mapping-An application of airborne geophysics from the Yukon River Basin, Alaska","docAbstract":"Permafrost is a predominant physical feature of the Earth's Arctic and Subarctic clines and a major consideration encompassing ecosystem structure to infrastructure engineering and placement. Perennially frozen ground is estimated to cover about 85 percent of the state of Alaska where northern reaches are underlain with continuous permafrost and parts of interior Alaska are underlain by areas of discontinuous and (or) sporadic permafrost (fig. 1). The region of Interior Alaska, where permafrost is scattered among unfrozen ground, is a complex mosaic of terrains and habitats. Such diversity creates arrays of lakes and surface-water and groundwater patterns that continental populations of migratory waterfowl and internationally significant fisheries have adapted to over time. A road or pipeline might pass over frozen and unfrozen ground, affecting the types of materials and engineering approaches needed to sustain the infrastructure.\nEffective mapping of discontinuous permafrost at scales meaningful ecologically and (or) from an engineering perspective has been a long-standing challenge. Using techniques such as borehole logging for site-specific assessments or botanical techniques that can suggest underlying permafrost distributions can be labor intensive and difficult to accomplish at the scale and remoteness of much of Alaska.\nThe climate is changing in the Arctic and Subarctic regions. The warming observed throughout much of Alaska could create widespread changes in permafrost. How the warming of the permafrost affects near-surface processes, ecosystems, and community infrastructure and ecosystems is not clear. A better understanding of the dynamic distribution and physical properties of permafrost, from continuous to discontinuous, will provide knowledge of how the permafrost environment may change in the future and help inform engineering and natural resource response strategies.\nHere we discuss an application of an airborne remote sensing methodology for mapping and shade imaging permafrost characteristics at various scales. This work provides the first look into three-dimensional distribution of permafrost in the areas around Fort Yukon and is a demonstration of the application of airborne electromagnetic (AEM) to permafrost mapping. Such an approach is attractive, particularly in Arctic and Subarctic studies, where ground access is difficult and ecosystems are fragile.\nIn June 2010, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducted an AEM survey near Fort Yukon, Alaska. The primary focus of this survey was to map the distribution of permafrost in selected areas in order to supply information for the development of groundwater models of the Yukon River Basin. However, the methodologies have more far-reaching ecological and engineering applications. Approximately 1,800 line kilometers were acquired in a combination of typical block style surveying in the immediate area of Fort Yukon and in long reconnaissance lines over a broader area. The widely spaced lines were flown to cross the modern Yukon River in \"X\" like patterns with intersections at features that have been previously studied (fig. 2).\nAEM is used to gather data on the electrical resistivity of materials in the subsurface below the flight path of the helicopter, which are then analyzed to interpret the subsurface lithology and the location and extent of permafrost. For this survey, the electrical resistivity was imaged to depths on the order of 50-100 meters. Images from the survey can be qualitatively compared with known permafrost features and suggest new permafrost features. Electrical properties of earth materials are affected by lithology as well as temperature and the presence of ice; frozen materials become substantially more resistive. This allows for the identification of permafrost from the resistivity image (Abraham and others, 2011).\nIn the area of Fort Yukon, the AEM survey shows elevated resistivities extending to depth, likely indicative of thick permafrost. This depth corresponds well to observations from a borehole drilled in the area in the late 1990s, which detected permafrost to a depth of about 100 meters (Clark and others, 2009). In contrast to the area of Fort Yukon, the Yukon River and its floodplain are not associated with deep resistive sediments, suggesting a lack of deep permafrost, at least within the depth range of the AEM mapping (fig. 3).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20113133","usgsCitation":"Abraham, J.E., 2011, A promising tool for subsurface permafrost mapping-An application of airborne geophysics from the Yukon River Basin, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2011-3133, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20113133.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[{"id":542,"text":"Regional Executive for Alaska","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116304,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2011_3133.png"},{"id":94600,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2011/3133/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yukon River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -149.5,66 ], [ -149.5,67.5 ], [ -143,67.5 ], [ -143,66 ], [ -149.5,66 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8d0d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Abraham, Jared E.","contributorId":73739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abraham","given":"Jared","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70193148,"text":"70193148 - 2011 - Intercontinental gene flow among western arctic populations of Lesser Snow Geese","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-15T15:56:59","indexId":"70193148","displayToPublicDate":"2011-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3551,"text":"The Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Intercontinental gene flow among western arctic populations of Lesser Snow Geese","docAbstract":"Quantifying the spatial genetic structure of highly vagile species of birds is important in predicting their degree of population demographic and genetic independence during changing environmental conditions, and in assessing their abundance and distribution. In the western Arctic, Lesser Snow Geese (Chen caerulescens caerulescens) provide an example useful for evaluating spatial population genetic structure and the relative contribution of male and female philopatry to breeding and wintering locales. We analyzed biparentally inherited microsatellite loci and maternally inherited mtDNA sequences from geese breeding at Wrangel Island (Russia) and Banks Island (Canada) to estimate gene flow among populations whose geographic overlap during breeding and winter differ. Significant differences in the frequencies of mtDNA haplotypes contrast with the homogeneity of allele frequencies for microsatellite loci. Coalescence simulations revealed high variability and asymmetry between males and females in rates and direction of gene flow between populations. Our results highlight the importance of wintering areas to demographic independence and spatial genetic structure of these populations. Male-mediated gene flow among the populations on northern Wrangel Island, southern Wrangel Island, and Banks Island has been substantial. A high rate of female-mediated gene flow from southern Wrangel Island to Banks Island suggests that population exchange can be achieved when populations winter in a common area. Conversely, when birds from different breeding populations do not share a common wintering area, the probability of population exchange is likely to be dramatically reduced.
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The focal area of the survey was the upper portion of the Hakalau Unit of the refuge, where native forest was being restored in abandoned cattle pastures. This area, between 1575 and 1940 m elevations, contained much alien kikuyu grass (Pennisetum clandestinum), but koa (Acacia koa) trees and other native species that were planted in the past 20 years were rapidly filling in the pasture. We surveyed for ants at predetermined points along roads, fences, and corridors of planted koa. Sampling methods primarily consisted of hand searching and pitfall traps, but bait cards were used additionally in some instances. Our results indicated that a single species, Cardiocondyla kagutsuchi, was widespread across the upper portion of the refuge. Cardiocondyla kagutsuchi seemed absent, or at least rare, in areas of tall, dense grass. Due to the undulating topography of the area, however, the dense grass cover was interspersed with outcroppings of exposed, gravelly soil. Presumably due to warming by the sun, many of the outcropped habitats supported colonies of C. kagutsuchi. We did not detect ants in the old-growth forest below the abandoned pastures, presumably because microhabitat conditions under the forest canopy were unsuitable. Although ecological impacts of C. kagutsuchi have not been reported, they may be limited by the small size of the ant, the relatively small size of colonies, and the apparent preference of the ant for disturbed areas that are dominated by alien species. Notably, our survey of Keanakolu-Mana Road between the Observatory Road (John A. Burns Way) and the town of Waimea detected a population of Argentine ants (Linepithema humile) approximately 5.1 km north of the Maulua Section of the refuge. We also surveyed for ants on the Kona Forest Unit of the refuge. This small survey focused on approximately 14 km of roads located below about 1600 m elevation. We found two species, Solenopsis papuana and Nylanderia bourbonica. Solenopsis papuana was more widespread, being found along the southern, northern, and western boundaries, while N. bourbonica was detected only at 790 m elevation on the southern boundary. Of the two species, S. papuana seemed more likely to affect native arthropod communities due to its tendency to form relatively large, aggressive colonies and its ability to inhabit intact mesic and wet forests below 1100 m elevation. In contrast, the restriction of N. bourbonica to disturbed habitats indicated a reduced threat to native arthropod communities. Our results on the Kona Forest Unit corroborated those of a study conducted during 1999–2000, although the earlier study was more intensive over time and yielded small numbers of two additional species, Cardiocondyla wroughtonii and Tetramorium bicarinatum, both of which were detected below 792 m elevation along the southern boundary.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Hawaii at Hilo","publisherLocation":"Hilo, Hawaii","usgsCitation":"Peck, R.W., and Banko, P.C., 2011, Survey of invasive ants at Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge: Technical Report HCSU-027, iii., 22 p.","productDescription":"iii., 22 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-032917","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326180,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.687255859375,\n 20.068830858040453\n ],\n [\n -155.68313598632812,\n 20.023677645296186\n ],\n [\n -155.62820434570312,\n 20.030128899024707\n ],\n [\n -155.62957763671875,\n 20.06754094648767\n ],\n [\n -155.687255859375,\n 20.068830858040453\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.85908889770508,\n 19.395849014481563\n ],\n [\n -155.85874557495117,\n 19.373664595868803\n ],\n [\n -155.78510284423828,\n 19.36330003644329\n ],\n [\n -155.7813262939453,\n 19.390667523017925\n ],\n [\n -155.85908889770508,\n 19.395849014481563\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.3350067138672,\n 19.88039176782252\n ],\n [\n -155.2306365966797,\n 19.908801100395596\n ],\n [\n -155.22171020507812,\n 19.76282638490852\n ],\n [\n -155.3404998779297,\n 19.755071768505005\n ],\n [\n -155.3350067138672,\n 19.88039176782252\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.4730224609375,\n 19.76282638490852\n ],\n [\n -155.47164916992188,\n 19.732451984739082\n ],\n [\n -155.42701721191406,\n 19.742792855008975\n ],\n [\n -155.43251037597656,\n 19.77316528687271\n ],\n [\n -155.4730224609375,\n 19.76282638490852\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.39337158203125,\n 19.972703439903515\n ],\n [\n -155.40504455566406,\n 19.94236918954201\n ],\n [\n -155.34187316894528,\n 19.91202911100831\n ],\n [\n -155.32127380371094,\n 19.944305592499532\n ],\n [\n -155.39337158203125,\n 19.972703439903515\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a5b8dbe4b0ebae89b78a6d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peck, Robert W.","contributorId":45629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peck","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Banko, Paul C. 0000-0002-6035-9803 pbanko@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6035-9803","contributorId":3179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banko","given":"Paul","email":"pbanko@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":644931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70044886,"text":"70044886 - 2011 - Mineral resource of the month: tin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-08T17:37:57","indexId":"70044886","displayToPublicDate":"2011-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1419,"text":"Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mineral resource of the month: tin","docAbstract":"Tin was one of the earliest-known metals. Because of its hardening effect on copper, tin was used in bronze implements as early as 3500 B.C. Bronze, a copper-tin alloy that can be sharpened and is hard enough to retain a cutting edge, was used during the Bronze Age in construction tools as well as weapons for hunting and war. The geographical separation between tin-producing and tin-consuming nations greatly influenced the patterns of early trade routes. Historians think that as early as 1500 B.C., Phoenicians traveled by sea to the Cornwall district of England to obtain tin. The pure metal was not used unalloyed until about 600 B.C.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geosciences Institute","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Carlin, J.F., 2011, Mineral resource of the month: tin: Earth, v. 56, no. 11, p. 21-21.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"21","endPage":"21","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-032230","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270024,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":270022,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.agiweb.org/store/library/imprint.php?id=2011_11"}],"volume":"56","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5151720be4b087909f0bbef0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carlin, James F. Jr. jcarlin@usgs.gov","contributorId":2685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlin","given":"James","suffix":"Jr.","email":"jcarlin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":476433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70208566,"text":"70208566 - 2011 - Foreward: Special issue: Haiti 2010 Earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-20T09:58:23","indexId":"70208566","displayToPublicDate":"2011-10-31T10:16:25","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Foreward: Special issue: Haiti 2010 Earthquake","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","usgsCitation":"Shan, J., Eguchi, R.T., and Jones, B., 2011, Foreward: Special issue: Haiti 2010 Earthquake: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 77, no. 10, p. 995-996.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"995","endPage":"996","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":372385,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":372384,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.asprs.org/publication/pers-archives/2011-pers-journals.html"}],"country":"Haiti","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-73.18979,19.91568],[-72.57967,19.8715],[-71.71236,19.71446],[-71.62487,19.16984],[-71.7013,18.78542],[-71.94511,18.6169],[-71.68774,18.31666],[-71.7083,18.045],[-72.37248,18.21496],[-72.84441,18.14561],[-73.45455,18.21791],[-73.92243,18.03099],[-74.45803,18.34255],[-74.36993,18.66491],[-73.44954,18.52605],[-72.69494,18.4458],[-72.33488,18.66842],[-72.79165,19.10163],[-72.7841,19.48359],[-73.41502,19.63955],[-73.18979,19.91568]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Haiti\"}}]}","volume":"77","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shan, Jie","contributorId":211360,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shan","given":"Jie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":782546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eguchi, Ronald T.","contributorId":104063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eguchi","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":782547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, Brenda 0000-0003-4941-5349 bkjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4941-5349","contributorId":2994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Brenda","email":"bkjones@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":782548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70005729,"text":"fs20113025 - 2011 - Department of the Interior Climate Science Centers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:59","indexId":"fs20113025","displayToPublicDate":"2011-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-3025","title":"Department of the Interior Climate Science Centers","docAbstract":"What is a Climate Science Center? On September 14, 2009, the Secretary of the Interior signed a Secretarial Order (No. 3289) entitled, \"Addressing the Impacts of Climate Change on America's Water, Land, and Other Natural and Cultural Resources.\" The Order effectively established the U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI) Climate Science Centers (CSCs), which will integrate DOI science and management expertise with similar contributions from our partners to provide information to support adaptation and mitigation efforts on both public and private lands, across the United States and internationally.The Southeast CSC, hosted by NC State University (NCSU), will collaborate with a number of other universities, State and Federal agencies, and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) with interest and expertise in climate science. The primary partner for the Southeast CSC will be the Landscape Conservation Cooperatives (LCCs) in the Southeast, including the Appalachian, Gulf Coastal Plains and Ozarks, Gulf Coast Prairie, Peninsular Florida, and the South Atlantic. CSC collaborations are focused on common science priorities, addressing priority partner needs, minimizing redundancies in science, sharing scientific findings, and expanding understanding of climate change impacts in the Southeast.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20113025","usgsCitation":"Jones, S.A., 2011, Department of the Interior Climate Science Centers: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2011-3025, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20113025.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"2","numberOfPages":"2","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":565,"text":"Southeast Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116365,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2011_3025.jpg"},{"id":94580,"rank":200,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2011/3025/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab1e4b07f02db66eab2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, Sonya A. 0000-0002-7462-8576 sajones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7462-8576","contributorId":1690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Sonya","email":"sajones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":353130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70005865,"text":"ds641 - 2011 - National Stream Quality Accounting Network and National Monitoring Network Basin Boundary Geospatial Dataset, 2008–13","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-04T13:13:42","indexId":"ds641","displayToPublicDate":"2011-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"641","title":"National Stream Quality Accounting Network and National Monitoring Network Basin Boundary Geospatial Dataset, 2008–13","docAbstract":"This report and the accompanying geospatial data were created to assist in analysis and interpretation of water-quality data provided by the U.S. Geological Survey's National Stream Quality Accounting Network (NASQAN) and by the U.S. Coastal Waters and Tributaries National Monitoring Network (NMN), which is a cooperative monitoring program of Federal, regional, and State agencies. 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Laboratory studies involving Ichthyophonus indicated that schizonts can be inactivated with chlorine and iodine solutions, the parasite can survive for extended periods in saltwater but not freshwater, a low potential exists for cross contamination between in vitro explant cultures, infectious schizonts are released from the skin surface of infected herring, schizonts are not uniformly distributed throughout the skeletal muscle of infected Pacific herring, multiple types of Ichthyophonus exist with different genotypes and phenotypic traits, and temperature is an important factor influencing the infectivity of Ichthyophonus. 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During this early checkout period and throughout the mission the spacecraft thermal environment and orbital parameters varied more than expected and placed operational and data quality constraints on the measurements. On the 29th of August 2009, spacecraft communication was lost. Over the course of the flight mission 1542 downlinked data sets were acquired that provide coverage of more than 95% of the lunar surface. An end-to-end science data calibration system was developed and all measurements have been passed through this system and delivered to the Planetary Data System (PDS.NASA.GOV). An extensive effort has been undertaken by the science team to validate the Moon Mineralogy Mapper science measurements in the context of the mission objectives. A focused spectral, radiometric, spatial, and uniformity validation effort has been pursued with selected data sets including an Earth-view data set. With this effort an initial validation of the on-orbit performance of the imaging spectrometer has been achieved, including validation of the cross-track spectral uniformity and spectral instantaneous field of view uniformity. The Moon Mineralogy Mapper is the first imaging spectrometer to measure a data set of this kind at the Moon. These calibrated science measurements are being used to address the full set of science goals and objectives for this mission.
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Anatidae)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-11-14T11:04:26","indexId":"70040685","displayToPublicDate":"2011-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3147,"text":"Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Taxonomy of Greater White-fronted Geese (Aves: Anatidae)","docAbstract":"Five subspecies of the Greater White-fronted Goose, Anser albifrons (Scopoli, 1769), have been named, all on the basis of wintering birds, and up to six subspecies have been recognized. There has been confusion over the application of some names, particularly in North America, because of lack of knowledge of the breeding ranges and type localities, and incorrect taxonomic decisions. 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