{"pageNumber":"173","pageRowStart":"4300","pageSize":"25","recordCount":16502,"records":[{"id":70174902,"text":"70174902 - 2012 - Spatial analysis of geologic and hydrologic features relating to sinkhole occurrence in Jefferson County, West Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-21T08:51:32","indexId":"70174902","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1184,"text":"Carbonates and Evaporites","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial analysis of geologic and hydrologic features relating to sinkhole occurrence in Jefferson County, West Virginia","docAbstract":"<p><span>In this study the influence of geologic features related to sinkhole susceptibility was analyzed and the results were mapped for the region of Jefferson County, West Virginia. A model of sinkhole density was constructed using Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) that estimated the relations among discrete geologic or hydrologic features and sinkhole density at each sinkhole location. Nine conditioning factors on sinkhole occurrence were considered as independent variables: distance to faults, fold axes, fracture traces oriented along bedrock strike, fracture traces oriented across bedrock strike, ponds, streams, springs, quarries, and interpolated depth to groundwater. GWR model parameter estimates for each variable were evaluated for significance, and the results were mapped. The results provide visual insight into the influence of these variables on localized sinkhole density, and can be used to provide an objective means of weighting conditioning factors in models of sinkhole susceptibility or hazard risk.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s13146-012-0098-1","usgsCitation":"Doctor, D.H., and Doctor, K.Z., 2012, Spatial analysis of geologic and hydrologic features relating to sinkhole occurrence in Jefferson County, West Virginia: Carbonates and Evaporites, v. 27, no. 2, p. 143-152, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13146-012-0098-1.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"143","endPage":"152","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-026639","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325495,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"West Virginia","county":"Jefferson County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-77.7197,39.3253],[-77.7273,39.3199],[-77.734,39.315],[-77.735,39.3133],[-77.7353,39.3129],[-77.7371,39.3101],[-77.7402,39.3052],[-77.7446,39.3003],[-77.7471,39.2963],[-77.7496,39.2909],[-77.7527,39.2864],[-77.7546,39.2824],[-77.7559,39.2765],[-77.7573,39.2719],[-77.7598,39.2674],[-77.7629,39.2639],[-77.7636,39.2632],[-77.7658,39.2612],[-77.7681,39.2589],[-77.7694,39.2576],[-77.7707,39.2554],[-77.771,39.2545],[-77.7713,39.2531],[-77.7709,39.2486],[-77.7703,39.2459],[-77.771,39.2418],[-77.7713,39.2404],[-77.772,39.2387],[-77.7736,39.2364],[-77.7747,39.235],[-77.7755,39.2342],[-77.7776,39.2324],[-77.781,39.2292],[-77.782,39.2283],[-77.7851,39.2248],[-77.7888,39.2194],[-77.7917,39.2127],[-77.7919,39.2122],[-77.7956,39.2045],[-77.7982,39.1974],[-77.7995,39.1923],[-77.8009,39.1875],[-77.8028,39.183],[-77.8036,39.178],[-77.8053,39.1743],[-77.8074,39.1708],[-77.8104,39.1682],[-77.8135,39.1641],[-77.816,39.1605],[-77.8178,39.1574],[-77.8198,39.1516],[-77.8207,39.1492],[-77.8213,39.1468],[-77.8222,39.1429],[-77.8227,39.1409],[-77.8239,39.1371],[-77.8262,39.1353],[-77.8299,39.1343],[-77.8643,39.1567],[-77.9534,39.2147],[-77.995,39.2414],[-78.0315,39.2644],[-78.0349,39.2669],[-78.0332,39.2698],[-78.0284,39.2724],[-78.0266,39.2733],[-78.03,39.2766],[-78.0324,39.2784],[-78.0323,39.2798],[-78.0323,39.2807],[-78.0293,39.2811],[-78.0281,39.2811],[-78.0263,39.2815],[-78.0257,39.2824],[-78.0251,39.2837],[-78.025,39.2855],[-78.025,39.2874],[-78.0256,39.2887],[-78.0249,39.2901],[-78.0219,39.2914],[-78.0213,39.2914],[-78.0201,39.2918],[-78.0177,39.294],[-78.0134,39.299],[-78.0073,39.3057],[-78.0018,39.3106],[-77.9964,39.3127],[-77.9909,39.3181],[-77.9878,39.3208],[-77.9895,39.3249],[-77.9912,39.3267],[-77.9912,39.3276],[-77.9906,39.3285],[-77.9888,39.3285],[-77.9876,39.3289],[-77.9869,39.3307],[-77.9863,39.3321],[-77.9857,39.3339],[-77.9838,39.3352],[-77.9832,39.3357],[-77.9753,39.3437],[-77.9811,39.3492],[-77.981,39.3501],[-77.9792,39.3515],[-77.9751,39.3509],[-77.9704,39.3486],[-77.9674,39.3472],[-77.965,39.3503],[-77.9649,39.3539],[-77.9666,39.3567],[-77.9671,39.3585],[-77.9629,39.3607],[-77.9611,39.362],[-77.9616,39.3639],[-77.9651,39.3671],[-77.9657,39.368],[-77.9639,39.3689],[-77.9579,39.3683],[-77.9555,39.3701],[-77.9506,39.3741],[-77.9476,39.3745],[-77.9441,39.374],[-77.9435,39.374],[-77.9429,39.374],[-77.9423,39.3744],[-77.9422,39.3753],[-77.9428,39.3758],[-77.9475,39.3781],[-77.9474,39.3804],[-77.9445,39.3813],[-77.9325,39.3824],[-77.9307,39.3833],[-77.8613,39.4365],[-77.8563,39.4428],[-77.8496,39.4472],[-77.8465,39.4517],[-77.8464,39.4544],[-77.8445,39.4598],[-77.8402,39.4625],[-77.8407,39.4666],[-77.8394,39.4693],[-77.8381,39.4747],[-77.8326,39.48],[-77.8324,39.4841],[-77.8243,39.4958],[-77.819,39.4956],[-77.8182,39.4954],[-77.8142,39.4944],[-77.8109,39.4932],[-77.8066,39.4918],[-77.8025,39.4903],[-77.8019,39.4902],[-77.7995,39.4901],[-77.796,39.491],[-77.793,39.4928],[-77.7919,39.4934],[-77.7901,39.4953],[-77.7886,39.4961],[-77.7841,39.4992],[-77.7829,39.4996],[-77.7795,39.5006],[-77.7757,39.501],[-77.7711,39.5006],[-77.7687,39.5002],[-77.7676,39.4997],[-77.7658,39.4983],[-77.7651,39.4966],[-77.7656,39.4951],[-77.7667,39.4937],[-77.7677,39.4927],[-77.7703,39.4915],[-77.7738,39.4899],[-77.7763,39.4886],[-77.7793,39.4878],[-77.784,39.486],[-77.7858,39.4856],[-77.79,39.4846],[-77.7943,39.483],[-77.7968,39.4812],[-77.7977,39.4802],[-77.7984,39.4788],[-77.7978,39.4772],[-77.7974,39.4767],[-77.7953,39.4747],[-77.7934,39.4731],[-77.7864,39.4697],[-77.7834,39.4683],[-77.781,39.467],[-77.7792,39.4656],[-77.7788,39.465],[-77.778,39.4634],[-77.778,39.4625],[-77.7803,39.4616],[-77.7821,39.4615],[-77.7848,39.4615],[-77.7875,39.4616],[-77.7899,39.4621],[-77.7932,39.4625],[-77.7947,39.4627],[-77.7954,39.4626],[-77.796,39.4625],[-77.797,39.4615],[-77.7978,39.4607],[-77.7976,39.4597],[-77.7965,39.4574],[-77.7946,39.4561],[-77.7922,39.4535],[-77.7869,39.4511],[-77.7858,39.4493],[-77.7845,39.4484],[-77.7845,39.4475],[-77.7841,39.4464],[-77.7841,39.4457],[-77.7847,39.4449],[-77.7874,39.4434],[-77.7884,39.443],[-77.7916,39.4429],[-77.794,39.4429],[-77.7949,39.443],[-77.7967,39.4429],[-77.7987,39.4424],[-77.8004,39.442],[-77.8011,39.4411],[-77.8015,39.4405],[-77.801,39.4391],[-77.7999,39.4375],[-77.7981,39.4357],[-77.7952,39.4345],[-77.7923,39.4331],[-77.7863,39.4321],[-77.7749,39.4303],[-77.7713,39.4298],[-77.7677,39.4298],[-77.7649,39.4299],[-77.7614,39.4289],[-77.7584,39.4285],[-77.756,39.4277],[-77.754,39.4258],[-77.753,39.425],[-77.7516,39.424],[-77.7513,39.4234],[-77.7503,39.4219],[-77.7492,39.4191],[-77.7486,39.417],[-77.7438,39.4109],[-77.7395,39.404],[-77.7372,39.3977],[-77.736,39.3937],[-77.7358,39.3925],[-77.7352,39.3909],[-77.7354,39.3895],[-77.7356,39.3887],[-77.7359,39.3881],[-77.7371,39.3873],[-77.7384,39.3868],[-77.7408,39.3868],[-77.7431,39.3864],[-77.7461,39.3855],[-77.7475,39.3852],[-77.7491,39.3847],[-77.7503,39.3838],[-77.7503,39.3825],[-77.7504,39.3806],[-77.7499,39.379],[-77.7497,39.3775],[-77.7485,39.3755],[-77.7473,39.3728],[-77.7465,39.3709],[-77.746,39.3701],[-77.7454,39.3679],[-77.7449,39.366],[-77.7444,39.3642],[-77.7444,39.3628],[-77.7445,39.3606],[-77.7449,39.3583],[-77.7458,39.3556],[-77.7483,39.3516],[-77.752,39.3489],[-77.7538,39.3476],[-77.7561,39.3465],[-77.7567,39.3456],[-77.7579,39.3442],[-77.7578,39.3424],[-77.7577,39.3405],[-77.757,39.3395],[-77.7559,39.3381],[-77.7547,39.3372],[-77.7539,39.3362],[-77.7535,39.3359],[-77.7531,39.3357],[-77.7512,39.3349],[-77.7483,39.3334],[-77.7412,39.3315],[-77.7364,39.3301],[-77.731,39.3286],[-77.7294,39.3281],[-77.7197,39.3253]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Jefferson\",\"state\":\"WV\"}}]}","volume":"27","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-06-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5791f233e4b0a1ebd3ad4c9b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Doctor, Daniel H. 0000-0002-8338-9722 dhdoctor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8338-9722","contributorId":2037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doctor","given":"Daniel","email":"dhdoctor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":643079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Doctor, Katarina Z.","contributorId":173047,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Doctor","given":"Katarina","email":"","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70032353,"text":"70032353 - 2012 - Spatial pattern formation of coastal vegetation in response to external gradients and positive feedbacks affecting soil porewater salinity: A model study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-02T18:30:20.286568","indexId":"70032353","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2602,"text":"Landscape Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial pattern formation of coastal vegetation in response to external gradients and positive feedbacks affecting soil porewater salinity: A model study","docAbstract":"<p><span>Coastal vegetation of South Florida typically comprises salinity-tolerant mangroves bordering salinity-intolerant hardwood hammocks and fresh water marshes. Two primary ecological factors appear to influence the maintenance of mangrove/hammock ecotones against changes that might occur due to disturbances. One of these is a gradient in one or more environmental factors. The other is the action of positive feedback mechanisms, in which each vegetation community influences its local environment to favor itself, reinforcing the boundary between communities. The relative contributions of these two factors, however, can be hard to discern. A spatially explicit individual-based model of vegetation, coupled with a model of soil hydrology and salinity dynamics is presented here to simulate mangrove/hammock ecotones in the coastal margin habitats of South Florida. The model simulation results indicate that an environmental gradient of salinity, caused by tidal flux, is the key factor separating vegetation communities, while positive feedback involving the different interaction of each vegetation type with the vadose zone salinity increases the sharpness of boundaries, and maintains the ecological resilience of mangrove/hammock ecotones against small disturbances. Investigation of effects of precipitation on positive feedback indicates that the dry season, with its low precipitation, is the period of strongest positive feedback.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Link","doi":"10.1007/s10980-011-9689-9","issn":"09212973","usgsCitation":"Jiang, J., DeAngelis, D.L., Smith, T.J., Teh, S., and Koh, H.L., 2012, Spatial pattern formation of coastal vegetation in response to external gradients and positive feedbacks affecting soil porewater salinity: A model study: Landscape Ecology, v. 27, no. 1, p. 109-119, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-011-9689-9.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"109","endPage":"119","costCenters":[{"id":565,"text":"Southeast Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241470,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213811,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10980-011-9689-9"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"South Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -82.55126953124999,\n              24.986058021167594\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.47509765625,\n              24.986058021167594\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.47509765625,\n              26.96124577052697\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.55126953124999,\n              26.96124577052697\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.55126953124999,\n              24.986058021167594\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"27","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-12-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9491e4b08c986b31ab80","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jiang, J.","contributorId":35439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jiang","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeAngelis, Donald L. 0000-0002-1570-4057 don_deangelis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1570-4057","contributorId":148065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeAngelis","given":"Donald","email":"don_deangelis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":435741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, T. J. III","contributorId":24303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"T.","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Teh, S.Y.","contributorId":22969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Teh","given":"S.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Koh, H. L.","contributorId":44362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koh","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70032294,"text":"70032294 - 2012 - The effect of diagenesis and fluid migration on rare earth element distribution in pore fluids of the northern Cascadia accretionary margin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-25T13:32:35","indexId":"70032294","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effect of diagenesis and fluid migration on rare earth element distribution in pore fluids of the northern Cascadia accretionary margin","docAbstract":"Analytical challenges in obtaining high quality measurements of rare earth elements (REEs) from small pore fluid volumes have limited the application of REEs as deep fluid geochemical tracers. Using a recently developed analytical technique, we analyzed REEs from pore fluids collected from Sites U1325 and U1329, drilled on the northern Cascadia margin during the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 311, to investigate the REE behavior during diagenesis and their utility as tracers of deep fluid migration. These sites were selected because they represent contrasting settings on an accretionary margin: a ponded basin at the toe of the margin, and the landward Tofino Basin near the shelf's edge. REE concentrations of pore fluid in the methanogenic zone at Sites U1325 and U1329 correlate positively with concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and alkalinity. Fractionations across the REE series are driven by preferential complexation of the heavy REEs. Simultaneous enrichment of diagenetic indicators (DOC and alkalinity) and of REEs (in particular the heavy elements Ho to Lu), suggests that the heavy REEs are released during particulate organic carbon (POC) degradation and are subsequently chelated by DOC. REE concentrations are greater at Site U1325, a site where shorter residence times of POC in sulfate-bearing redox zones may enhance REE burial efficiency within sulfidic and methanogenic sediment zones where REE release ensues.  Cross-plots of La concentrations versus Cl, Li and Sr delineate a distinct field for the deep fluids (z > 75 mbsf) at Site U1329, and indicate the presence of a fluid not observed at the other sites drilled on the Cascadia margin. Changes in REE patterns, the presence of a positive Eu anomaly, and other available geochemical data for this site suggest a complex hydrology and possible interaction with the igneous Crescent Terrane, located east of the drilled transect.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2011.10.010","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Kim, J., Torres, M.E., Haley, B.A., Kastner, M., Pohlman, J., Riedel, M., and Lee, Y., 2012, The effect of diagenesis and fluid migration on rare earth element distribution in pore fluids of the northern Cascadia accretionary margin: Chemical Geology, v. 291, p. 152-165, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2011.10.010.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"152","endPage":"165","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":214915,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2011.10.010"},{"id":242675,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada;United States","city":"Vancouver","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -0.01611111111111111,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -0.01611111111111111,0.001388888888888889 ], [ -0.01611111111111111,0.001388888888888889 ], [ -0.01611111111111111,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -0.01611111111111111,0.0011111111111111111 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"291","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bab1fe4b08c986b322c30","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kim, Ji-Hoon","contributorId":105547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kim","given":"Ji-Hoon","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Torres, Marta E.","contributorId":33546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torres","given":"Marta","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haley, Brian A.","contributorId":43996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haley","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kastner, Miriam","contributorId":24187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kastner","given":"Miriam","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pohlman, John W.","contributorId":95288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pohlman","given":"John W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Riedel, Michael","contributorId":7518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riedel","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lee, Young-Joo","contributorId":82548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Young-Joo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70193755,"text":"70193755 - 2012 - Advancing electrical geophysical characterization of DNAPL-contaminated fractured rock aquifers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-06T12:53:57","indexId":"70193755","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Advancing electrical geophysical characterization of DNAPL-contaminated fractured rock aquifers","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Eighth International Conference on Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Battelle Memorial Institute","usgsCitation":"Robinson, J., Johnosn, T., Slater, L., Ntarlagiannis, D., Lacombe, P., Day-Lewis, F.D., Lane, J.W., Johnson, C.D., Shapiro, A.M., Tiedeman, C.R., and Goode, D.J., 2012, Advancing electrical geophysical characterization of DNAPL-contaminated fractured rock aquifers, <i>in</i> Eighth International Conference on Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds, 9 p.","productDescription":"9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-037441","costCenters":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350797,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.battelle.org/conference-proceedings/conference-proceedings"},{"id":350798,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a71926fe4b0a9a2e9dbde16","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robinson, Judith","contributorId":152111,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robinson","given":"Judith","affiliations":[{"id":12727,"text":"Rutgers University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnosn, Timothy","contributorId":199862,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnosn","given":"Timothy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Slater, Lee","contributorId":55707,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Slater","given":"Lee","affiliations":[{"id":12727,"text":"Rutgers University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ntarlagiannis, Dimitrios","contributorId":150729,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ntarlagiannis","given":"Dimitrios","affiliations":[{"id":12727,"text":"Rutgers University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lacombe, Pierre 0000-0002-9596-7622 placombe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9596-7622","contributorId":152113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lacombe","given":"Pierre","email":"placombe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Day-Lewis, Frederick D. 0000-0003-3526-886X daylewis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3526-886X","contributorId":1672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day-Lewis","given":"Frederick","email":"daylewis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lane, John W. Jr. 0000-0002-3558-243X jwlane@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3558-243X","contributorId":189168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"John","suffix":"Jr.","email":"jwlane@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":720221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Johnson, Carole D. 0000-0001-6941-1578 cjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6941-1578","contributorId":1891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Carole","email":"cjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Shapiro, Allen M. 0000-0002-6425-9607 ashapiro@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6425-9607","contributorId":2164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shapiro","given":"Allen","email":"ashapiro@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Tiedeman, Claire R. 0000-0002-0128-3685 tiedeman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0128-3685","contributorId":196777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tiedeman","given":"Claire","email":"tiedeman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Goode, Daniel J. 0000-0002-8527-2456 djgoode@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8527-2456","contributorId":193394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goode","given":"Daniel","email":"djgoode@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":720220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70189204,"text":"70189204 - 2012 - MT3DMS: Model use, calibration, and validation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-05T16:15:38","indexId":"70189204","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3619,"text":"Transactions of the ASABE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"MT3DMS: Model use, calibration, and validation","docAbstract":"<p><span>MT3DMS is a three-dimensional multi-species solute transport model for solving advection, dispersion, and chemical reactions of contaminants in saturated groundwater flow systems. MT3DMS interfaces directly with the U.S. Geological Survey finite-difference groundwater flow model MODFLOW for the flow solution and supports the hydrologic and discretization features of MODFLOW. MT3DMS contains multiple transport solution techniques in one code, which can often be important, including in model calibration. Since its first release in 1990 as MT3D for single-species mass transport modeling, MT3DMS has been widely used in research projects and practical field applications. This article provides a brief introduction to MT3DMS and presents recommendations about calibration and validation procedures for field applications of MT3DMS. The examples presented suggest the need to consider alternative processes as models are calibrated and suggest opportunities and difficulties associated with using groundwater age in transport model calibration.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"ASABE","doi":"10.13031/2013.42263","usgsCitation":"Zheng, C., Hill, M.C., Cao, G., and Ma, R., 2012, MT3DMS: Model use, calibration, and validation: Transactions of the ASABE, v. 55, no. 4, p. 1549-1559, https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.42263.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1549","endPage":"1559","ipdsId":"IP-040350","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343365,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595dfab9e4b0d1f9f056a7b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zheng, C.","contributorId":39976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zheng","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, Mary C. mchill@usgs.gov","contributorId":974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Mary","email":"mchill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cao, G.","contributorId":22970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cao","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ma, R.","contributorId":17458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ma","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70193756,"text":"70193756 - 2012 - Use of electromagnetic induction methods to monitor remediation at the University of Connecticut landfill: 2004–2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-06T12:46:34","indexId":"70193756","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Use of electromagnetic induction methods to monitor remediation at the University of Connecticut landfill: 2004–2011","docAbstract":"<p><span>Time‐lapse geophysical surveys using frequency‐domain electromagnetics (FDEM) can indirectly measure time‐varying hydrologic parameters such as fluid saturation or solute concentration. Monitoring of these processes provides insight into aquifer properties and the effectiveness of constructed controls (such as leachate interceptor trenches), as well as aquifer responses to natural or induced stresses. At the University of Connecticut landfill, noninvasive, electromagnetic induction (EMI) methods were used to monitor changes in subsurface electrical conductivity that were related to the landfill‐closure activities. After the landfill was closed, EMI methods were used to monitor changes in water saturation and water quality. As part of a long‐term monitoring plan to observe changes associated with closure, redevelopment, and remediation of the former landfill, EMI data were collected to supplement information from groundwater samples collected in wells to the south and north of the landfill. In comparison to single‐point measurements that could have been collected by conventional installation of additional monitoring wells, the EMI methods provided increased spatial coverage, and were less invasive and therefore less destructive to the wetland north of the landfill. To monitor effects of closure activities on the subsurface conductivity, EMI measurements were collected from 2004 to 2011 along discrete transects north and south of the landfill prior to, during, and after the landfill closure. In general, the results indicated an overall decline in subsurface electrical conductivity with time and with distance from the former landfill. This decline in electrical conductivity indicated that the closure and remediation efforts reduced the amount of leachate that originated from the landfill and that entered the drainages to the north and south of the landfill.</span><span></span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 2012","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.4133/1.4721692","usgsCitation":"Johnson, C.D., White, E.A., and Joesten, P.K., 2012, Use of electromagnetic induction methods to monitor remediation at the University of Connecticut landfill: 2004–2011, <i>in</i> Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 2012, p. 36-56, https://doi.org/10.4133/1.4721692.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"36","endPage":"56","ipdsId":"IP-035804","costCenters":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350796,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-05-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a71926fe4b0a9a2e9dbde11","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Carole D. 0000-0001-6941-1578 cjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6941-1578","contributorId":1891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Carole","email":"cjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"White, Eric A. 0000-0002-7782-146X eawhite@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7782-146X","contributorId":1737,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"Eric","email":"eawhite@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":720229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Joesten, Peter K. pjoesten@usgs.gov","contributorId":1929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Joesten","given":"Peter","email":"pjoesten@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70044189,"text":"70044189 - 2012 - Duststones on Mars: Source, transport, deposition and erosion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-06T13:17:28.737796","indexId":"70044189","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3842,"text":"SEPM Special Publication","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Duststones on Mars: Source, transport, deposition and erosion","docAbstract":"<p>Dust is an abundant material on Mars, and there is strong evidence that it is a contributor to the rock record as &ldquo;duststone,&rdquo; analogous in many ways to loess on Earth. Although a common suite of dust formation mechanisms has operated on the two planets, fundamental differences in environments and geologic histories have resulted in vastly different weighting functions, causing distinct depositional styles and erosional mechanisms. On Earth, dust is derived predominantly from glacial grinding and, in nonglacial environments, by other processes, such as volcanism, eolian abrasion, and fluvial comminution. Hydrological and biological processes convert dust accumulations to loess deposits. Active hydrology also acts to clean dust from the atmosphere and convert loess into soil or erode it entirely. On Mars, glacial production of dust has been minor, with most fine particles probably produced from ancient volcanic, impact, and fluvial processes. Dust is deposited under arid conditions in which aggregate growth and cementation are the stabilizing agents. Thick accumulations result in duststone.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Sedimentary Geology","doi":"10.2110/pec.12.102.0169","usgsCitation":"Bridges, N.T., and Muhs, D., 2012, Duststones on Mars: Source, transport, deposition and erosion: SEPM Special Publication, v. 120, p. 169-182, https://doi.org/10.2110/pec.12.102.0169.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"169","endPage":"182","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-028977","costCenters":[{"id":308,"text":"Geology and Environmental Change Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474755,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2110/pec.12.102.0169","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":381886,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","volume":"120","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51838ae8e4b0a21483941aa4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bridges, Nathan T.","contributorId":45005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bridges","given":"Nathan","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Muhs, Daniel R. 0000-0001-7449-251X dmuhs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7449-251X","contributorId":168575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhs","given":"Daniel R.","email":"dmuhs@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70035492,"text":"70035492 - 2012 - An approach to regional wetland digital elevation model development using a differential global positioning system and a custom-built helicopter-based surveying system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-23T16:39:21.889556","indexId":"70035492","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2068,"text":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An approach to regional wetland digital elevation model development using a differential global positioning system and a custom-built helicopter-based surveying system","docAbstract":"<p><span>Accurate topographic data are critical to restoration science and planning for the Everglades region of South Florida, USA. They are needed to monitor and simulate water level, water depth and hydroperiod and are used in scientific research on hydrologic and biologic processes. Because large wetland environments and data acquisition challenge conventional ground-based and remotely sensed data collection methods, the United States Geological Survey (USGS) adapted a classical data collection instrument to global positioning system (GPS) and geographic information system (GIS) technologies. Data acquired with this instrument were processed using geostatistics to yield sub-water level elevation values with centimetre accuracy (±15 cm). The developed database framework, modelling philosophy and metadata protocol allow for continued, collaborative model revision and expansion, given additional elevation or other ancillary data.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis Online","doi":"10.1080/01431161.2010.533212","issn":"01431161","usgsCitation":"Jones, J.W., Desmond, G., Henkle, C., and Glover, R., 2012, An approach to regional wetland digital elevation model development using a differential global positioning system and a custom-built helicopter-based surveying system: International Journal of Remote Sensing, v. 33, no. 2, p. 450-465, https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2010.533212.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"450","endPage":"465","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242952,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215170,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2010.533212"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Everglades National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -81.14501953125,\n              25.105497373014686\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.22216796875,\n              25.145284610685064\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.8486328125,\n              25.898761936567023\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.9365234375,\n              26.33280692289788\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.0458984375,\n              26.33280692289788\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.14501953125,\n              25.105497373014686\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"33","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-10-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea0ce4b0c8380cd485db","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, J. W.","contributorId":89233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Desmond, G.B.","contributorId":35014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Desmond","given":"G.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Henkle, C.","contributorId":91319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henkle","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Glover, R.","contributorId":103106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glover","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70042048,"text":"ofr20121218 - 2012 - Preliminary physical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geophysical data of the USGS South Dover Bridge Core, Talbot County, Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-14T13:03:01","indexId":"ofr20121218","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1218","title":"Preliminary physical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geophysical data of the USGS South Dover Bridge Core, Talbot County, Maryland","docAbstract":"The South Dover Bridge (SDB) corehole was drilled in October 2007 in Talbot County, Maryland. The main purpose for drilling this corehole was to characterize the Upper Cretaceous and Paleogene lithostratigraphy and biostratigraphy of the aquifers and confining units of this region. The data obtained from this core also will be used as a guide to geologic mapping and to help interpret well data from the eastern part of the Washington East 1:100,000-scale map near the town of Easton, Md. Core drilling was conducted to a depth of 700 feet (ft). The Cretaceous section was not penetrated due to technical problems during drilling. This project was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey’s (USGS) Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center (EGPSC) as part of the Geology of the Atlantic Watersheds Project; this project was carried out in cooperation with the Maryland Geological Survey (MGS) through partnerships with the Aquifer Characterization Program of the USGS’s Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia Water Science Center and the National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program.\n\nThe SDB corehole was drilled by the USGS drilling crew in the northeastern corner of the Trappe 7.5-minute quadrangle, near the type locality of the Boston Cliffs member of the Choptank Formation. Geophysical logs (gamma ray, single point resistance, and 16-inch and 64-inch normal resistivity) were run to a depth of 527.5 ft; the total depth of 700.0 ft could not be reached because of the collapse of the lower part of the hole. Of the 700.0 ft drilled, 531.8 ft of core were recovered, representing a 76 percent core recovery. The elevation of the top of the corehole is approximately 12 ft above mean sea level; its coordinates are lat 38°44′49.34″N. and long 76°00′25.09″W. (38.74704N., 76.00697W. in decimal degrees).\n\nA groundwater monitoring well was not installed at this site. The South Dover Bridge corehole was the first corehole that will be used to better understand the geology and hydrology of the Maryland Eastern Shore.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121218","usgsCitation":"Aleman Gonzalez, W.B., Powars, D.S., Seefelt, E., Edwards, L.E., Self-Trail, J.M., Durand, C.T., Schultz, A.P., and McLaughlin, P., 2012, Preliminary physical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geophysical data of the USGS South Dover Bridge Core, Talbot County, Maryland: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1218, Report: vi, 16 p.; Download Report, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121218.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 16 p.; Download Report","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":240,"text":"Eastern Earth Surface Processes Team","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264687,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1218.jpg"},{"id":264685,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1218/ofr2012-1218_MainBody.pdf"},{"id":264686,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1218/ofr2012-1218.zip"},{"id":264684,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1218/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryl","county":"Talbot County","otherGeospatial":"South Dover Bridge Corehole","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -76.45,38.58 ], [ -76.45,38.94 ], [ -75.89,38.94 ], [ -75.89,38.58 ], [ -76.45,38.58 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d49676e4b0c6073c901f55","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aleman Gonzalez, Wilma B.","contributorId":98123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aleman Gonzalez","given":"Wilma","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Powars, David S. 0000-0002-6787-8964 dspowars@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6787-8964","contributorId":1181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powars","given":"David","email":"dspowars@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Seefelt, Ellen 0000-0001-6822-7402 eseefelt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6822-7402","contributorId":2953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seefelt","given":"Ellen","email":"eseefelt@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Edwards, Lucy E. 0000-0003-4075-3317 leedward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4075-3317","contributorId":2647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Lucy","email":"leedward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Self-Trail, Jean M. jstrail@usgs.gov","contributorId":2205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Self-Trail","given":"Jean","email":"jstrail@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":596,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey National Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":470673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Durand, Colleen T.","contributorId":80495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Durand","given":"Colleen","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schultz, Arthur P. aschultz@usgs.gov","contributorId":3252,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schultz","given":"Arthur","email":"aschultz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"McLaughlin, Peter P.","contributorId":40023,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLaughlin","given":"Peter P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70043364,"text":"70043364 - 2012 - Modeling of land use and reservoir effects on nonpoint source pollution in a highly agricultural basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-12T14:47:42","indexId":"70043364","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2259,"text":"Journal of Environmental Monitoring","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling of land use and reservoir effects on nonpoint source pollution in a highly agricultural basin","docAbstract":"Nonpoint source (NPS) pollution is tightly linked to land use activities that determine the sources and magnitudes of pollutant loadings to stream water. The pollutant loads may also be alleviated within reservoirs because of the physical interception resulting from changed hydrological regimes and other biochemical processes. It is important but challenging to assess the NPS pollution processes with human effects due to the measurement limitations. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of human activities such as land uses and reservoir operation on the hydrological and NPS pollution processes in a highly agricultural area-the Iowa River Basin-using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The evaluation of model performance at multiple sites reveals that SWAT can consistently simulate the daily streamflow, and monthly/annual sediment and nutrient loads (nitrate nitrogen and mineral phosphorus) in the basin. We also used the calibrated model to estimate the trap efficiencies of sediment (&#126;78%) and nutrients (&#126;30%) in the Coralville Reservoir within the basin. These non-negligible effects emphasize the significance of incorporating the sediment and nutrient removal mechanisms into watershed system studies. The spatial quantification of the critical NPS pollution loads can help identify hot-spot areas that are likely locations for the best management practices.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Environmental Monitoring","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"RSC Publishing","publisherLocation":"London, UK","doi":"10.1039/C2EM30278K","usgsCitation":"Wu, Y., and Liu, S., 2012, Modeling of land use and reservoir effects on nonpoint source pollution in a highly agricultural basin: Journal of Environmental Monitoring, v. 14, no. 9, p. 2350-2361, https://doi.org/10.1039/C2EM30278K.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"2350","endPage":"2361","numberOfPages":"12","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-025744","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":269172,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269168,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C2EM30278K"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -93.9935,41.0483 ], [ -93.9935,43.8583 ], [ -89.9945,43.8583 ], [ -89.9945,41.0483 ], [ -93.9935,41.0483 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"14","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51404e83e4b089809dbf4494","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wu, Yiping ywu@usgs.gov","contributorId":987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wu","given":"Yiping","email":"ywu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":473464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liu, Shu-Guang sliu@usgs.gov","contributorId":984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Shu-Guang","email":"sliu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":473463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70192326,"text":"70192326 - 2012 - Scientific basis for safely shutting in the Macondo Well after the April 20, 2010 Deepwater Horizon blowout ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-17T13:51:36.914247","indexId":"70192326","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2982,"text":"PNAS","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Scientific basis for safely shutting in the Macondo Well after the April 20, 2010 <i>Deepwater Horizon</i> blowout ","title":"Scientific basis for safely shutting in the Macondo Well after the April 20, 2010 Deepwater Horizon blowout ","docAbstract":"<p>As part of the government response to the <i>Deepwater Horizon</i> blowout, a Well Integrity Team evaluated the geologic hazards of shutting in the Macondo Well at the seafloor and determined the conditions under which it could safely be undertaken. Of particular concern was the possibility that, under the anticipated high shut-in pressures, oil could leak out of the well casing below the seafloor. Such a leak could lead to new geologic pathways for hydrocarbon release to the Gulf of Mexico. Evaluating this hazard required analyses of 2D and 3D seismic surveys, seafloor bathymetry, sediment properties, geophysical well logs, and drilling data to assess the geological, hydrological, and geomechanical conditions around the Macondo Well. After the well was successfully capped and shut in on July 15, 2010, a variety of monitoring activities were used to assess subsurface well integrity. These activities included acquisition of wellhead pressure data, marine multichannel seismic profiles, seafloor and water-column sonar surveys, and wellhead visual/acoustic monitoring. These data showed that the Macondo Well was not leaking after shut in, and therefore, it could remain safely shut until reservoir pressures were suppressed (killed) with heavy drilling mud and the well was sealed with cement.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1115847109","usgsCitation":"Hickman, S.H., Hsieh, P.A., Mooney, W.D., Enomoto, C.B., Nelson, P.H., Weber, T.S., Mayer, L., Moran, K., Flemings, P., and McNutt, M.K., 2012, Scientific basis for safely shutting in the Macondo Well after the April 20, 2010 Deepwater Horizon blowout : PNAS, v. 109, no. 50, p. 20268-20273, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1115847109.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"20268","endPage":"20273","ipdsId":"IP-036940","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":490048,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1115847109","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":347348,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -98.349609375,\n              22.350075806124867\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.5625,\n              22.350075806124867\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.5625,\n              31.353636941500987\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.349609375,\n              31.353636941500987\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.349609375,\n              22.350075806124867\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"109","issue":"50","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-12-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f1a2aae4b0220bbd9d9fd4","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Rice, James R.","contributorId":62601,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rice","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":16811,"text":"Harvard University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":715630,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Hickman, Stephen H. 0000-0003-2075-9615 hickman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2075-9615","contributorId":2705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hickman","given":"Stephen","email":"hickman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":715357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hsieh, Paul A. 0000-0003-4873-4874 pahsieh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4873-4874","contributorId":1634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hsieh","given":"Paul","email":"pahsieh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":39113,"text":"WMA - Office of Quality Assurance","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":715360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mooney, Walter D. 0000-0002-5310-3631 mooney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5310-3631","contributorId":3194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mooney","given":"Walter","email":"mooney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":715359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Enomoto, Catherine B. 0000-0002-4119-1953 cenomoto@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4119-1953","contributorId":2126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Enomoto","given":"Catherine","email":"cenomoto@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":715356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nelson, Philip H. pnelson@usgs.gov","contributorId":862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Philip","email":"pnelson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":715361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mayer, Larry","contributorId":197131,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mayer","given":"Larry","affiliations":[{"id":18105,"text":"University of New Hampshire, Durham","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":715363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Flemings, Peter","contributorId":198205,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Flemings","given":"Peter","affiliations":[{"id":13127,"text":"Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas, Austin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":715362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Moran, Kathryn","contributorId":198206,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moran","given":"Kathryn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":35204,"text":"Offfice of Science and Technology Policy, Executive Office of the President, Washington, DC ","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":715364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Weber, Thomas S.","contributorId":198207,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weber","given":"Thomas","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":18105,"text":"University of New Hampshire, Durham","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":715365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"McNutt, Marcia K. 0000-0003-0117-7716 mcnutt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0117-7716","contributorId":327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNutt","given":"Marcia","email":"mcnutt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":5066,"text":"Office of the Director USGS","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":715629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70032571,"text":"70032571 - 2012 - Design and quantification of an extreme winter storm scenario for emergency preparedness and planning exercises in California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-30T21:27:04.790866","indexId":"70032571","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2822,"text":"Natural Hazards","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Design and quantification of an extreme winter storm scenario for emergency preparedness and planning exercises in California","docAbstract":"<p><span>The USGS Multihazards Project is working with numerous agencies to evaluate and plan for hazards and damages that could be caused by extreme winter storms impacting California. Atmospheric and hydrological aspects of a hypothetical storm scenario have been quantified as a basis for estimation of human, infrastructure, economic, and environmental impacts for emergency-preparedness and flood-planning exercises. In order to ensure scientific defensibility and necessary levels of detail in the scenario description, selected historical storm episodes were concatentated to describe a rapid arrival of several major storms over the state, yielding precipitation totals and runoff rates beyond those occurring during the individual historical storms. This concatenation allowed the scenario designers to avoid arbitrary scalings and is based on historical occasions from the 19th and 20th Centuries when storms have stalled over the state and when extreme storms have arrived in rapid succession. Dynamically consistent, hourly precipitation, temperatures, barometric pressures (for consideration of storm surges and coastal erosion), and winds over California were developed for the so-called ARkStorm scenario by downscaling the concatenated global records of the historical storm sequences onto 6- and 2-km grids using a regional weather model of January 1969 and February 1986 storm conditions. The weather model outputs were then used to force a hydrologic model to simulate ARkStorm runoff, to better understand resulting flooding risks. Methods used to build this scenario can be applied to other emergency, nonemergency and non-California applications.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Link","doi":"10.1007/s11069-011-9894-5","issn":"0921030X","usgsCitation":"Dettinger, M.D., Martin, R.F., Hughes, M., Das, T., Neiman, P., Cox, D.A., Estes, G., Reynolds, D., Hartman, R., Cayan, D., and Jones, L., 2012, Design and quantification of an extreme winter storm scenario for emergency preparedness and planning exercises in California: Natural Hazards, v. 60, no. 3, p. 1085-1111, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-011-9894-5.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"1085","endPage":"1111","costCenters":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474740,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-011-9894-5","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":241688,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214004,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11069-011-9894-5"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-122.421439,37.869969],[-122.41847,37.852721],[-122.434403,37.852434],[-122.446316,37.861046],[-122.430958,37.872242],[-122.421439,37.869969]]],[[[-122.3785,37.826505],[-122.377879,37.830648],[-122.369941,37.832137],[-122.358779,37.814278],[-122.362661,37.807577],[-122.372422,37.811301],[-122.3785,37.826505]]],[[[-120.248484,33.999329],[-120.230001,34.010136],[-120.19578,34.004284],[-120.167306,34.008219],[-120.147647,34.024831],[-120.140362,34.025974],[-120.115058,34.019866],[-120.090182,34.019806],[-120.073609,34.024477],[-120.057637,34.03734],[-120.043259,34.035806],[-120.050382,34.013331],[-120.046575,34.000002],[-120.011123,33.979894],[-119.978876,33.983081],[-119.979913,33.969623],[-119.97026,33.944359],[-120.017715,33.936366],[-120.048611,33.915775],[-120.098601,33.907853],[-120.121817,33.895712],[-120.168974,33.91909],[-120.224461,33.989059],[-120.248484,33.999329]]],[[[-119.789798,34.05726],[-119.755521,34.056716],[-119.712576,34.043265],[-119.686507,34.019805],[-119.637742,34.013178],[-119.612226,34.021256],[-119.604287,34.031561],[-119.608798,34.035245],[-119.59324,34.049625],[-119.5667,34.053452],[-119.52064,34.034262],[-119.542449,34.021082],[-119.547072,34.005469],[-119.560464,33.99553],[-119.575636,33.996009],[-119.596877,33.988611],[-119.662825,33.985889],[-119.721206,33.959583],[-119.742966,33.963877],[-119.758141,33.959212],[-119.842748,33.97034],[-119.873358,33.980375],[-119.884896,34.008814],[-119.876329,34.032087],[-119.916216,34.058351],[-119.923337,34.069361],[-119.919155,34.07728],[-119.912857,34.077508],[-119.857304,34.071298],[-119.825865,34.059794],[-119.818742,34.052997],[-119.789798,34.05726]]],[[[-120.46258,34.042627],[-120.440248,34.036918],[-120.415287,34.05496],[-120.403613,34.050442],[-120.390906,34.051994],[-120.368813,34.06778],[-120.370176,34.074907],[-120.362251,34.073056],[-120.354982,34.059256],[-120.36029,34.05582],[-120.358608,34.050235],[-120.346946,34.046576],[-120.331161,34.049097],[-120.302122,34.023574],[-120.317052,34.018837],[-120.347706,34.020114],[-120.35793,34.015029],[-120.409368,34.032198],[-120.427408,34.025425],[-120.454134,34.028081],[-120.465329,34.038448],[-120.46258,34.042627]]],[[[-118.524531,32.895488],[-118.535823,32.90628],[-118.551134,32.945155],[-118.573522,32.969183],[-118.586928,33.008281],[-118.596037,33.015357],[-118.606559,33.01469],[-118.605534,33.030999],[-118.594033,33.035951],[-118.57516,33.033961],[-118.569013,33.029151],[-118.559171,33.006291],[-118.540069,32.980933],[-118.496811,32.933847],[-118.369984,32.839273],[-118.353504,32.821962],[-118.356541,32.817311],[-118.379968,32.824545],[-118.394565,32.823978],[-118.425634,32.800595],[-118.44492,32.820593],[-118.496298,32.851572],[-118.507193,32.876264],[-118.524531,32.895488]]],[[[-118.500212,33.449592],[-118.477646,33.448392],[-118.445812,33.428907],[-118.423576,33.427258],[-118.382037,33.409883],[-118.370323,33.409285],[-118.365094,33.388374],[-118.310213,33.335795],[-118.303174,33.320264],[-118.305084,33.310323],[-118.325244,33.299075],[-118.374768,33.320065],[-118.440047,33.318638],[-118.465368,33.326056],[-118.48877,33.356649],[-118.478465,33.38632],[-118.48875,33.419826],[-118.515914,33.422417],[-118.52323,33.430733],[-118.53738,33.434608],[-118.563442,33.434381],[-118.60403,33.47654],[-118.54453,33.474119],[-118.500212,33.449592]]],[[[-119.543842,33.280329],[-119.528141,33.284929],[-119.465717,33.259239],[-119.429559,33.228167],[-119.444269,33.21919],[-119.476029,33.21552],[-119.545872,33.233406],[-119.564971,33.24744],[-119.578942,33.278628],[-119.562042,33.271129],[-119.543842,33.280329]]],[[[-122.289533,42.007764],[-121.035195,41.993323],[-120.001058,41.995139],[-119.995926,40.499901],[-120.005743,39.228664],[-120.001014,38.999574],[-119.333423,38.538328],[-118.714312,38.102185],[-117.875927,37.497267],[-117.244917,37.030244],[-116.488233,36.459097],[-115.852908,35.96966],[-115.102881,35.379371],[-114.633013,35.002085],[-114.629015,34.986148],[-114.634953,34.958918],[-114.629753,34.938684],[-114.635176,34.875003],[-114.623939,34.859738],[-114.586842,34.835672],[-114.57101,34.794294],[-114.552682,34.766871],[-114.516619,34.736745],[-114.470477,34.711368],[-114.452628,34.668546],[-114.451753,34.654321],[-114.441465,34.64253],[-114.438739,34.621455],[-114.424202,34.610453],[-114.429747,34.591734],[-114.422382,34.580711],[-114.405228,34.569637],[-114.380838,34.529724],[-114.378124,34.507288],[-114.386699,34.457911],[-114.375789,34.447798],[-114.335372,34.450038],[-114.32613,34.437251],[-114.294836,34.421389],[-114.286802,34.40534],[-114.264317,34.401329],[-114.226107,34.365916],[-114.199482,34.361373],[-114.176909,34.349306],[-114.157206,34.317862],[-114.138282,34.30323],[-114.134768,34.268965],[-114.139055,34.259538],[-114.159697,34.258242],[-114.223384,34.205136],[-114.229715,34.186928],[-114.254141,34.173831],[-114.287294,34.170529],[-114.320777,34.138635],[-114.353031,34.133121],[-114.366521,34.118575],[-114.390565,34.110084],[-114.411681,34.110031],[-114.43338,34.088413],[-114.43934,34.057893],[-114.434949,34.037784],[-114.438266,34.022609],[-114.46283,34.008421],[-114.46117,33.994687],[-114.499883,33.961789],[-114.522002,33.955623],[-114.535478,33.934651],[-114.533679,33.926072],[-114.508558,33.906098],[-114.518555,33.889847],[-114.50434,33.876882],[-114.503017,33.867998],[-114.514673,33.858638],[-114.52453,33.858477],[-114.529597,33.848063],[-114.520465,33.827778],[-114.527161,33.816191],[-114.504863,33.760465],[-114.504483,33.750998],[-114.512348,33.734214],[-114.496565,33.719155],[-114.494197,33.707922],[-114.495719,33.698454],[-114.523959,33.685879],[-114.531523,33.675108],[-114.525201,33.661583],[-114.530244,33.65014],[-114.526947,33.637534],[-114.529662,33.622794],[-114.524813,33.611351],[-114.540617,33.591412],[-114.5403,33.580615],[-114.524391,33.553683],[-114.558898,33.531819],[-114.560552,33.518272],[-114.569533,33.509219],[-114.591554,33.499443],[-114.622918,33.456561],[-114.627125,33.433554],[-114.635183,33.422726],[-114.652828,33.412922],[-114.687953,33.417944],[-114.701732,33.408388],[-114.725535,33.404056],[-114.708408,33.384147],[-114.698035,33.352442],[-114.707962,33.323421],[-114.731223,33.302434],[-114.723259,33.288079],[-114.684363,33.276025],[-114.672401,33.26047],[-114.689421,33.24525],[-114.674479,33.225504],[-114.678749,33.203448],[-114.675831,33.18152],[-114.679359,33.159519],[-114.703682,33.113769],[-114.706488,33.08816],[-114.68902,33.084036],[-114.686991,33.070969],[-114.674296,33.057171],[-114.673659,33.041897],[-114.662317,33.032671],[-114.64598,33.048903],[-114.618788,33.027202],[-114.589778,33.026228],[-114.575161,33.036542],[-114.52013,33.029984],[-114.502871,33.011153],[-114.492938,32.971781],[-114.476156,32.975168],[-114.467664,32.966861],[-114.469113,32.952673],[-114.48074,32.937027],[-114.47664,32.923628],[-114.462929,32.907944],[-114.468971,32.845155],[-114.494116,32.823288],[-114.510217,32.816417],[-114.530755,32.793485],[-114.532432,32.776923],[-114.526856,32.757094],[-114.539093,32.756949],[-114.539224,32.749812],[-114.564447,32.749554],[-114.564508,32.742298],[-114.581736,32.742321],[-114.581784,32.734946],[-114.612697,32.734516],[-114.618373,32.728245],[-114.688779,32.737675],[-114.701918,32.745548],[-114.719633,32.718763],[-116.04662,32.623353],[-117.124862,32.534156],[-117.136664,32.618754],[-117.168866,32.671952],[-117.196767,32.688851],[-117.213068,32.687751],[-117.236239,32.671353],[-117.246069,32.669352],[-117.25757,32.72605],[-117.25257,32.752949],[-117.25497,32.786948],[-117.26107,32.803148],[-117.280971,32.822247],[-117.28217,32.839547],[-117.27387,32.851447],[-117.26497,32.848947],[-117.25617,32.859447],[-117.25167,32.874346],[-117.25447,32.900146],[-117.28077,33.012343],[-117.315278,33.093504],[-117.328359,33.121842],[-117.362572,33.168437],[-117.469794,33.296417],[-117.50565,33.334063],[-117.547693,33.365491],[-117.59588,33.386629],[-117.607905,33.406317],[-117.645582,33.440728],[-117.684584,33.461927],[-117.691984,33.456627],[-117.715349,33.460556],[-117.726486,33.483427],[-117.784888,33.541525],[-117.814188,33.552224],[-117.840289,33.573523],[-117.87679,33.592322],[-117.927091,33.605521],[-117.940591,33.620021],[-118.000593,33.654319],[-118.029694,33.676418],[-118.088896,33.729817],[-118.132698,33.753217],[-118.180831,33.763072],[-118.187701,33.749218],[-118.181367,33.717367],[-118.207476,33.716905],[-118.258687,33.703741],[-118.317205,33.712818],[-118.360505,33.736817],[-118.385006,33.741417],[-118.396606,33.735917],[-118.411211,33.741985],[-118.428407,33.774715],[-118.405007,33.800215],[-118.394376,33.804289],[-118.392107,33.840915],[-118.460611,33.969111],[-118.482729,33.995912],[-118.519514,34.027509],[-118.543115,34.038508],[-118.569235,34.04164],[-118.609652,34.036424],[-118.668358,34.038887],[-118.706215,34.029383],[-118.744952,34.032103],[-118.783433,34.021543],[-118.805114,34.001239],[-118.854653,34.034215],[-118.928048,34.045847],[-118.938081,34.043383],[-119.004644,34.066231],[-119.037494,34.083111],[-119.088536,34.09831],[-119.109784,34.094566],[-119.130169,34.100102],[-119.18864,34.139005],[-119.216441,34.146105],[-119.257043,34.213304],[-119.278644,34.266902],[-119.290945,34.274902],[-119.313034,34.275689],[-119.337475,34.290576],[-119.370356,34.319486],[-119.388249,34.317398],[-119.42777,34.353016],[-119.461036,34.374064],[-119.536957,34.395495],[-119.559459,34.413395],[-119.616862,34.420995],[-119.638864,34.415696],[-119.671866,34.416096],[-119.688167,34.412497],[-119.684666,34.408297],[-119.709067,34.395397],[-119.729369,34.395897],[-119.794771,34.417597],[-119.835771,34.415796],[-119.853771,34.407996],[-119.873971,34.408795],[-119.925227,34.433931],[-119.956433,34.435288],[-120.008077,34.460447],[-120.038828,34.463434],[-120.088591,34.460208],[-120.141165,34.473405],[-120.25777,34.467451],[-120.295051,34.470623],[-120.341369,34.458789],[-120.471376,34.447846],[-120.47661,34.475131],[-120.511421,34.522953],[-120.581293,34.556959],[-120.622575,34.554017],[-120.637805,34.56622],[-120.645739,34.581035],[-120.640244,34.604406],[-120.60197,34.692095],[-120.60045,34.70464],[-120.614852,34.730709],[-120.62632,34.738072],[-120.637415,34.755895],[-120.616296,34.816308],[-120.610266,34.85818],[-120.616325,34.866739],[-120.639283,34.880413],[-120.647328,34.901133],[-120.670835,34.904115],[-120.63999,35.002963],[-120.629931,35.061515],[-120.630957,35.101941],[-120.644311,35.139616],[-120.651134,35.147768],[-120.662475,35.153357],[-120.675074,35.153061],[-120.698906,35.171192],[-120.714185,35.175998],[-120.74887,35.177795],[-120.754823,35.174701],[-120.756086,35.160459],[-120.760492,35.15971],[-120.778998,35.168897],[-120.786076,35.177666],[-120.856047,35.206487],[-120.89679,35.247877],[-120.862684,35.346776],[-120.866099,35.393045],[-120.884757,35.430196],[-120.907937,35.449069],[-120.946546,35.446715],[-120.969436,35.460197],[-121.003359,35.46071],[-121.101595,35.548814],[-121.126027,35.593058],[-121.143561,35.606046],[-121.166712,35.635399],[-121.251034,35.656641],[-121.284973,35.674109],[-121.289794,35.689428],[-121.314632,35.71331],[-121.315786,35.75252],[-121.332449,35.783106],[-121.388053,35.823483],[-121.413146,35.855316],[-121.439584,35.86695],[-121.462264,35.885618],[-121.461227,35.896906],[-121.472435,35.91989],[-121.4862,35.970348],[-121.503112,36.000299],[-121.531876,36.014368],[-121.574602,36.025156],[-121.590395,36.050363],[-121.592853,36.065062],[-121.606845,36.072065],[-121.618672,36.087767],[-121.629634,36.114452],[-121.680145,36.165818],[-121.717176,36.195146],[-121.779851,36.227407],[-121.797059,36.234211],[-121.813734,36.234235],[-121.826425,36.24186],[-121.851967,36.277831],[-121.874797,36.289064],[-121.888491,36.30281],[-121.894714,36.317806],[-121.892917,36.340428],[-121.905446,36.358269],[-121.903195,36.393603],[-121.914378,36.404344],[-121.91474,36.42589],[-121.9416,36.485602],[-121.938763,36.506423],[-121.944666,36.521861],[-121.925937,36.525173],[-121.932508,36.559935],[-121.942533,36.566435],[-121.957335,36.564482],[-121.978592,36.580488],[-121.970427,36.582754],[-121.941666,36.618059],[-121.93643,36.636746],[-121.923866,36.634559],[-121.890164,36.609259],[-121.889064,36.601759],[-121.860604,36.611136],[-121.831995,36.644856],[-121.814462,36.682858],[-121.807062,36.714157],[-121.805643,36.750239],[-121.788278,36.803994],[-121.809363,36.848654],[-121.862266,36.931552],[-121.894667,36.961851],[-121.930069,36.97815],[-121.95167,36.97145],[-121.972771,36.954151],[-122.012373,36.96455],[-122.023373,36.96215],[-122.027174,36.95115],[-122.050122,36.948523],[-122.105976,36.955951],[-122.155078,36.98085],[-122.20618,37.013949],[-122.252181,37.059448],[-122.284882,37.101747],[-122.306139,37.116383],[-122.337071,37.117382],[-122.337833,37.135936],[-122.359791,37.155574],[-122.367085,37.172817],[-122.390599,37.182988],[-122.405073,37.195791],[-122.407181,37.219465],[-122.419113,37.24147],[-122.411686,37.265844],[-122.40085,37.359225],[-122.423286,37.392542],[-122.443687,37.435941],[-122.452087,37.48054],[-122.472388,37.50054],[-122.493789,37.492341],[-122.499289,37.495341],[-122.516689,37.52134],[-122.519533,37.537302],[-122.513688,37.552239],[-122.517187,37.590637],[-122.501386,37.599637],[-122.494085,37.644035],[-122.496784,37.686433],[-122.514483,37.780829],[-122.50531,37.788312],[-122.485783,37.790629],[-122.478083,37.810828],[-122.463793,37.804653],[-122.407452,37.811441],[-122.398139,37.80563],[-122.385323,37.790724],[-122.375854,37.734979],[-122.356784,37.729505],[-122.361749,37.71501],[-122.370411,37.717572],[-122.391374,37.708331],[-122.387626,37.67906],[-122.374291,37.662206],[-122.3756,37.652389],[-122.387381,37.648462],[-122.386072,37.637662],[-122.35531,37.615736],[-122.358583,37.611155],[-122.373309,37.613773],[-122.378545,37.605592],[-122.360219,37.592501],[-122.317676,37.590865],[-122.305895,37.575484],[-122.262698,37.572866],[-122.214264,37.538505],[-122.196593,37.537196],[-122.194957,37.522469],[-122.168449,37.504143],[-122.155686,37.501198],[-122.140142,37.507907],[-122.127706,37.500053],[-122.111344,37.50758],[-122.111998,37.528851],[-122.147014,37.588411],[-122.145378,37.600846],[-122.152905,37.640771],[-122.163049,37.667933],[-122.246826,37.72193],[-122.257953,37.739601],[-122.257134,37.745001],[-122.242638,37.753744],[-122.253753,37.761218],[-122.293996,37.770416],[-122.330963,37.786035],[-122.33555,37.799538],[-122.333711,37.809797],[-122.323567,37.823214],[-122.303931,37.830087],[-122.301313,37.847758],[-122.310477,37.873938],[-122.309986,37.892755],[-122.32373,37.905845],[-122.33453,37.908791],[-122.35711,37.908791],[-122.367582,37.903882],[-122.385908,37.908136],[-122.39049,37.922535],[-122.413725,37.937262],[-122.430087,37.963115],[-122.415361,37.963115],[-122.399832,37.956009],[-122.367582,37.978168],[-122.361905,37.989991],[-122.367909,38.01253],[-122.340093,38.003694],[-122.321112,38.012857],[-122.300823,38.010893],[-122.283478,38.022674],[-122.262861,38.0446],[-122.273006,38.07438],[-122.314567,38.115287],[-122.366273,38.141467],[-122.39638,38.149976],[-122.403514,38.150624],[-122.409798,38.136231],[-122.439577,38.116923],[-122.454958,38.118887],[-122.489974,38.112014],[-122.483757,38.071762],[-122.499465,38.032165],[-122.497828,38.019402],[-122.481466,38.007621],[-122.462812,38.003367],[-122.452995,37.996167],[-122.448413,37.984713],[-122.456595,37.978823],[-122.471975,37.981768],[-122.488665,37.966714],[-122.487684,37.948716],[-122.479175,37.941516],[-122.48572,37.937589],[-122.499465,37.939225],[-122.503064,37.928753],[-122.478193,37.918608],[-122.471975,37.910427],[-122.472303,37.902573],[-122.458558,37.894064],[-122.448413,37.89341],[-122.438268,37.880974],[-122.45005,37.871157],[-122.462158,37.868866],[-122.480811,37.873448],[-122.479151,37.825428],[-122.505383,37.822128],[-122.548986,37.836227],[-122.561487,37.851827],[-122.584289,37.859227],[-122.60129,37.875126],[-122.656519,37.904519],[-122.682171,37.90645],[-122.70264,37.89382],[-122.727297,37.904626],[-122.736898,37.925825],[-122.766138,37.938004],[-122.783244,37.951334],[-122.797405,37.976657],[-122.821383,37.996735],[-122.856573,38.016717],[-122.882114,38.025273],[-122.939711,38.031908],[-122.956811,38.02872],[-122.981776,38.009119],[-122.97439,37.992429],[-123.024066,37.994878],[-123.011533,38.003438],[-122.99242,38.041758],[-122.960889,38.112962],[-122.949074,38.15406],[-122.953629,38.17567],[-122.965408,38.187113],[-122.968112,38.202428],[-122.993959,38.237602],[-122.968569,38.242879],[-122.967203,38.250691],[-122.977082,38.267902],[-122.986319,38.273164],[-123.002911,38.295708],[-123.024333,38.310573],[-123.038742,38.313576],[-123.051061,38.310693],[-123.053504,38.299385],[-123.063671,38.302178],[-123.074684,38.322574],[-123.068437,38.33521],[-123.068265,38.359865],[-123.128825,38.450418],[-123.202277,38.494314],[-123.249797,38.511045],[-123.287156,38.540223],[-123.331899,38.565542],[-123.343338,38.590008],[-123.371876,38.607235],[-123.398166,38.647044],[-123.441774,38.699744],[-123.461291,38.717001],[-123.514784,38.741966],[-123.541837,38.776764],[-123.579856,38.802835],[-123.58638,38.802857],[-123.605317,38.822765],[-123.647387,38.845472],[-123.659846,38.872529],[-123.71054,38.91323],[-123.725367,38.917438],[-123.726315,38.936367],[-123.738886,38.95412],[-123.729053,38.956667],[-123.711149,38.977316],[-123.6969,39.004401],[-123.690095,39.031157],[-123.693969,39.057363],[-123.713392,39.108422],[-123.721505,39.125327],[-123.737913,39.143442],[-123.742221,39.164885],[-123.765891,39.193657],[-123.774998,39.212083],[-123.777368,39.237214],[-123.787893,39.264327],[-123.803848,39.278771],[-123.803081,39.291747],[-123.811387,39.312825],[-123.808772,39.324368],[-123.822085,39.343857],[-123.826306,39.36871],[-123.81469,39.446538],[-123.766475,39.552803],[-123.787417,39.604552],[-123.782322,39.621486],[-123.792659,39.684122],[-123.808208,39.710715],[-123.829545,39.723071],[-123.838089,39.752409],[-123.839797,39.795637],[-123.851714,39.832041],[-123.907664,39.863028],[-123.930047,39.909697],[-123.954952,39.922373],[-123.980031,39.962458],[-124.035904,40.013319],[-124.056408,40.024305],[-124.068908,40.021307],[-124.079983,40.029773],[-124.080709,40.06611],[-124.110549,40.103765],[-124.187874,40.130542],[-124.214895,40.160902],[-124.296497,40.208816],[-124.320912,40.226617],[-124.327691,40.23737],[-124.34307,40.243979],[-124.363414,40.260974],[-124.363634,40.276212],[-124.347853,40.314634],[-124.362796,40.350046],[-124.365357,40.374855],[-124.373599,40.392923],[-124.391496,40.407047],[-124.409591,40.438076],[-124.38494,40.48982],[-124.383224,40.499852],[-124.387023,40.504954],[-124.382816,40.519],[-124.329404,40.61643],[-124.158322,40.876069],[-124.137066,40.925732],[-124.118147,40.989263],[-124.112165,41.028173],[-124.125448,41.048504],[-124.138217,41.054342],[-124.153622,41.05355],[-124.154513,41.087159],[-124.160556,41.099011],[-124.159065,41.121957],[-124.165414,41.129822],[-124.158539,41.143021],[-124.149674,41.140845],[-124.1438,41.144686],[-124.106986,41.229678],[-124.072294,41.374844],[-124.063076,41.439579],[-124.066057,41.470258],[-124.081427,41.511228],[-124.081987,41.547761],[-124.092404,41.553615],[-124.101123,41.569192],[-124.097385,41.585251],[-124.100961,41.602499],[-124.114413,41.616768],[-124.120225,41.640354],[-124.135552,41.657307],[-124.147412,41.717955],[-124.164716,41.740126],[-124.17739,41.745756],[-124.194953,41.736778],[-124.23972,41.7708],[-124.248704,41.771459],[-124.255994,41.783014],[-124.245027,41.7923],[-124.230678,41.818681],[-124.208439,41.888192],[-124.203402,41.940964],[-124.204948,41.983441],[-124.211605,41.99846],[-123.656998,41.995137],[-123.624554,41.999837],[-123.347562,41.999108],[-123.145959,42.009247],[-123.045254,42.003049],[-122.893961,42.002605],[-122.289533,42.007764]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"California\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","volume":"60","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-07-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ff3ae4b0c8380cd4f0aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dettinger, M. D. 0000-0002-7509-7332","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":93069,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dettinger","given":"M.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":16196,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":436871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martin, Ralph F.","contributorId":43578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Ralph","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hughes, M.","contributorId":102699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hughes","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Das, Tapash","contributorId":49227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Das","given":"Tapash","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Neiman, P.","contributorId":43183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neiman","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cox, Dale A. 0000-0001-8302-3643 dacox@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8302-3643","contributorId":203281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cox","given":"Dale","email":"dacox@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":436868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Estes, G.","contributorId":107946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Estes","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Reynolds, D.","contributorId":76149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Hartman, R.","contributorId":74968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartman","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Cayan, Daniel drcayan@usgs.gov","contributorId":149912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cayan","given":"Daniel","email":"drcayan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":436867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Jones, L.","contributorId":26084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70044362,"text":"70044362 - 2012 - Climate variability during the Medieval Climate Anomaly and Little Ice Age based on ostracod faunas and shell geochemistry from Biscayne Bay, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-27T16:33:49.06079","indexId":"70044362","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"subseriesTitle":"Developments in Quaternary Sciences","chapter":"14","title":"Climate variability during the Medieval Climate Anomaly and Little Ice Age based on ostracod faunas and shell geochemistry from Biscayne Bay, Florida","docAbstract":"<p><span>An 800-year-long environmental history of Biscayne Bay, Florida, is reconstructed from ostracod faunal and shell geochemical (oxygen, carbon isotopes, Mg/Ca ratios) studies of sediment cores from three mudbanks in the central and southern parts of the bay. Using calibrations derived from analyses of modern Biscayne and Florida Bay ostracods, palaeosalinity oscillations associated with changes in precipitation were identified. These oscillations reflect multidecadal- and centennial-scale climate variability associated with the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation during the late Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) and the Little Ice Age (LIA). Evidence suggests wetter regional climate during the MCA and drier conditions during the LIA. In addition, twentieth century anthropogenic modifications to Everglades hydrology influenced bay circulation and/or processes controlling carbon isotopic composition.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ostracoda as proxies for quaternary climate change","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-444-53636-5.00014-7","usgsCitation":"Cronin, T.M., Wingard, G.L., Dwyer, G., Swart, P.K., Willard, D.A., and Albietz, J., 2012, Climate variability during the Medieval Climate Anomaly and Little Ice Age based on ostracod faunas and shell geochemistry from Biscayne Bay, Florida, chap. 14 <i>of</i> Ostracoda as proxies for quaternary climate change, v. 17, p. 241-262, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-53636-5.00014-7.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"241","endPage":"262","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-021778","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271305,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Biscayne Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.16998291015625,\n              25.68856292610355\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.1507568359375,\n              25.729395396693132\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.19058227539062,\n              25.76526690492097\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.23727416992188,\n              25.739292066931647\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.25238037109375,\n              25.68732535984301\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.28396606445312,\n              25.62914524992192\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.30593872070311,\n              25.618001141542337\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.30868530273438,\n              25.564742726875785\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.321044921875,\n              25.541202389740473\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.33340454101562,\n              25.533767638544543\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.34439086914062,\n              25.485430526043555\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.33477783203125,\n              25.433353427832156\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.321044921875,\n              25.381253810395094\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.34027099609375,\n              25.33657909726809\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.31417846679686,\n              25.30554528239941\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.28259277343749,\n              25.31920114076412\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.25238037109375,\n              25.36760495535992\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.21255493164061,\n              25.40854689267053\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.1947021484375,\n              25.45443496795258\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.18096923828124,\n              25.501545058832342\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.15487670898438,\n              25.67866203603157\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.16998291015625,\n              25.68856292610355\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5173b8e6e4b0e619a5806ed9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cronin, Thomas M. 0000-0002-2643-0979 tcronin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-0979","contributorId":2579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"Thomas","email":"tcronin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wingard, G. Lynn 0000-0002-3833-5207 lwingard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3833-5207","contributorId":605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wingard","given":"G.","email":"lwingard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Lynn","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dwyer, Gary S.","contributorId":67642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dwyer","given":"Gary S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Swart, Peter K.","contributorId":96832,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Swart","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":5112,"text":"University of Miami","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":475377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Willard, Debra A. 0000-0003-4878-0942 dwillard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4878-0942","contributorId":2076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willard","given":"Debra","email":"dwillard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":24693,"text":"Climate Research and Development","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Albietz, Jessica","contributorId":108207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Albietz","given":"Jessica","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70032624,"text":"70032624 - 2012 - Has the magnitude of floods across the USA changed with global CO  2 levels?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:23","indexId":"70032624","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1927,"text":"Hydrological Sciences Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Has the magnitude of floods across the USA changed with global CO  2 levels?","docAbstract":"Statistical relationships between annual floods at 200 long-term (85-127 years of record) streamgauges in the coterminous United States and the global mean carbon dioxide concentration (GMCO2) record are explored. The streamgauge locations are limited to those with little or no regulation or urban development. The coterminous US is divided into four large regions and stationary bootstrapping is used to evaluate if the patterns of these statistical associations are significantly different from what would be expected under the null hypothesis that flood magnitudes are independent of GMCO2. In none of the four regions defined in this study is there strong statistical evidence for flood magnitudes increasing with increasing GMCO2. One region, the southwest, showed a statistically significant negative relationship between GMCO2 and flood magnitudes. The statistical methods applied compensate both for the inter-site correlation of flood magnitudes and the shorter-term (up to a few decades) serial correlation of floods.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrological Sciences Journal/Journal des Sciences Hydrologiques","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1080/02626667.2011.621895","issn":"02626667","usgsCitation":"Hirsch, R., and Ryberg, K., 2012, Has the magnitude of floods across the USA changed with global CO  2 levels?: Hydrological Sciences Journal, v. 57, no. 1, p. 1-9, https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2011.621895.","startPage":"1","endPage":"9","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213794,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2011.621895"},{"id":241453,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"57","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-10-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2f82e4b0c8380cd5ce4e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hirsch, R.M.","contributorId":58639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hirsch","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ryberg, K.R.","contributorId":89980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryberg","given":"K.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70032656,"text":"70032656 - 2012 - Fate of 4-nonylphenol and 17β-estradiol in the Redwood River of Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-29T15:41:12","indexId":"70032656","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fate of 4-nonylphenol and 17β-estradiol in the Redwood River of Minnesota","docAbstract":"<p><span>The majority of previous research investigating the fate of endocrine-disrupting compounds has focused on single processes generally in controlled laboratory experiments, and limited studies have directly evaluated their fate and transport in rivers. This study evaluated the fate and transport of 4-nonylphenol, 17β-estradiol, and estrone in a 10-km reach of the Redwood River in southwestern Minnesota. The same parcel of water was sampled as it moved downstream, integrating chemical transformation and hydrologic processes. The conservative tracer bromide was used to track the parcel of water being sampled, and the change in mass of the target compounds relative to bromide was determined at two locations downstream from a wastewater treatment plant effluent outfall. In-stream attenuation coefficients (</span><i>k</i><sub>stream</sub><span>) were calculated by assuming first-order kinetics (negative values correspond to attenuation, whereas positive values indicate production). Attenuation of 17β-estradiol (</span><i>k</i><sub>stream</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>= −3.2 ± 1.0 day</span><sup>–1</sup><span>) was attributed primarily due to sorption and biodegradation by the stream biofilm and bed sediments. Estrone (</span><i>k</i><sub>stream</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>= 0.6 ± 0.8 day</span><sup>–1</sup><span>) and 4-nonylphenol (</span><i>k</i><sub>stream</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>= 1.4 ± 1.9 day</span><sup>–1</sup><span>) were produced in the evaluated 10-km reach, likely due to biochemical transformation from parent compounds (17β-estradiol, 4-nonylphenolpolyethoxylates, and 4-nonyphenolpolyethoxycarboxylates). Despite attenuation, these compounds were transported kilometers downstream, and thus additive concentrations from multiple sources and transformation of parent compounds into degradates having estrogenic activity can explain their environmental persistence and widespread observations of biological disruption in surface waters.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/es2031664","usgsCitation":"Writer, J.H., Ryan, J.N., Keefe, S.H., and Barber, L.B., 2012, Fate of 4-nonylphenol and 17β-estradiol in the Redwood River of Minnesota: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 46, no. 2, p. 860-868, https://doi.org/10.1021/es2031664.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"860","endPage":"868","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241488,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Redwood River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -96.416015625,\n              43.929549935614595\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.416015625,\n              44.54350521320822\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.4384765625,\n              44.54350521320822\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.4384765625,\n              43.929549935614595\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.416015625,\n              43.929549935614595\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"46","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-12-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0f0de4b0c8380cd53733","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Writer, Jeffrey H. jwriter@usgs.gov","contributorId":1393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Writer","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jwriter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":437304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ryan, Joseph N.","contributorId":54290,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ryan","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":604,"text":"University of Colorado- Boulder","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":437307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Keefe, Steffanie H. 0000-0002-3805-6101 shkeefe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3805-6101","contributorId":2843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keefe","given":"Steffanie","email":"shkeefe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":437305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barber, Larry B. 0000-0002-0561-0831 lbbarber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0561-0831","contributorId":921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"Larry","email":"lbbarber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":437306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70035652,"text":"70035652 - 2012 - Initiation of long-term coupled microbiological, geochemical, and hydrological experimentation within the seafloor at North Pond, western flank of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-24T12:33:25.521792","indexId":"70035652","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2007,"text":"Integrated Ocean Drilling Program: Preliminary Reports","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Initiation of long-term coupled microbiological, geochemical, and hydrological experimentation within the seafloor at North Pond, western flank of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge","docAbstract":"<p>Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 336 successfully initiated subseafloor observatory science at a young mid-ocean-ridge flank setting. All of the drilled sites are located in the North Pond region of the Atlantic Ocean (22°45′N, 46°05′W) in 4414–4483 m water depth. This area is known from previous ocean drilling and site survey investigations as a site of particularly vigorous circulation of seawater in permeable 8 Ma basaltic basement underlying a &lt;300 m thick sedimentary pile. Understanding how this seawater circulation affects microbial and geochemical processes in the uppermost basement was the primary science objective of Expedition 336. </p><p>Basement was cored and wireline-logged in Holes U1382A and U1383C. Upper oceanic crust in Hole U1382A, which is only 50 m west of Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) Hole 395A, recovered 32 m of core between 110 and 210 meters below seafloor (mbsf). Core recovery in basement was 32%, yielding a number of volcanic flow units with distinct geochemical and petrographic characteristics. A unit of sedimentary breccia containing clasts of basalt, gabbroic rocks, and mantle peridotite was found intercalated between two volcanic flow units and was interpreted as a rock slide deposit. From Hole U1383C we recovered 50.3 m of core between 69.5 and 331.5 mbsf (19%). The basalts are aphyric to highly plagioclase-olivine-phyric tholeiites that fall on a liquid line of descent controlled by olivine fractionation. They are fresh to moderately altered, with clay minerals (saponite, nontronite, and celadonite), Fe oxyhydroxide, carbonate, and zeolite as secondary phases replacing glass and olivine to variable extents. In addition to traditional downhole logs, we also used a new logging tool for detecting in situ microbial life in ocean floor boreholes—the Deep Exploration Biosphere Investigative tool (DEBI-t). </p><p>Sediment thickness was ~90 m at Sites U1382 and U1384 and varied between 38 and 53 m at Site U1383. The sediments are predominantly nannofossil ooze with layers of coarse foraminiferal sand and occasional pebble-size clasts of basalt, serpentinite, gabbroic rocks, and bivalve debris. The bottommost meters of sections cored with the advanced piston corer feature brown clay. Extended core barrel coring at the sediment/ basement interface recovered &lt;1 m of brecciated basalt with micritic limestone. Sediments were intensely sampled for geochemical pore water analyses and microbiological work. In addition, high-resolution measurements of dissolved oxygen concentration were performed on the whole-round sediment cores</p><p>Major strides in ridge-flank studies have been made with subseafloor borehole observatories (CORKs) because they facilitate combined hydrological, geochemical, and microbiological studies and controlled experimentation in the subseafloor. During Expedition 336, two fully functional observatories were installed in two newly drilled holes (U1382A and U1383C) and an instrument and sampling string were placed in an existing hole (395A). Although the CORK wellhead in Hole 395A broke off and Hole U1383B was abandoned after a bit failure, these holes and installations are intended for future observatory science targets. The CORK observatory in Hole U1382A has a packer seal in the bottom of the casing and monitors/samples a single zone in uppermost oceanic crust extending from 90 to 210 mbsf. Hole U1383C was equipped with a three-level CORK observatory that spans a zone of thin basalt flows with intercalated limestone (~70–146 mbsf), a zone of glassy, thin basaltic flows and hyaloclastites (146–200 mbsf), and a lowermost zone (~200–331.5 mbsf) of more massive pillow flows with occasional hyaloclastites in the upper part.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"IODP","doi":"10.2204/iodp.pr.336.2012","issn":"19329423","usgsCitation":"Edwards, K., Backert, N., Bach, W., Becker, K., Klaus, A., Griffin, D., Anderson, L., Haddad, A., Harigane, Y., Campion, P., Hirayama, H., Mills, H., Hulme, S., Nakamura, K., Jorgensen, S., Orcutt, B., Insua, T., Park, Y., Rennie, V., Salas, E., Rouxel, O., Wang, F., Russel, J., Wheat, C., Sakata, K., Brown, M., Magnusson, J., and Ettlinger, Z., 2012, Initiation of long-term coupled microbiological, geochemical, and hydrological experimentation within the seafloor at North Pond, western flank of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge: Integrated Ocean Drilling Program: Preliminary Reports, p. 1-72, https://doi.org/10.2204/iodp.pr.336.2012.","productDescription":"336, 72 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"72","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474682,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2204/iodp.pr.336.2012","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":244327,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3bf1e4b0c8380cd62951","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Edwards, K.J.","contributorId":101090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Backert, N.","contributorId":51127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Backert","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bach, W.","contributorId":65673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bach","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Becker, K.","contributorId":96437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Becker","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Klaus, A.","contributorId":70957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klaus","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Griffin, Dale W.","contributorId":23668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffin","given":"Dale W.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":451646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Anderson, L.","contributorId":22571,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Haddad, A.G.","contributorId":52427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haddad","given":"A.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Harigane, Y.","contributorId":16673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harigane","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Campion, P.L.","contributorId":60470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campion","given":"P.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Hirayama, H.","contributorId":20569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hirayama","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Mills, H.J.","contributorId":65302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mills","given":"H.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Hulme, S.M.","contributorId":89746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hulme","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Nakamura, K.","contributorId":78866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nakamura","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Jorgensen, S.L.","contributorId":72617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jorgensen","given":"S.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Orcutt, B.","contributorId":38389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orcutt","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Insua, T.L.","contributorId":21007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Insua","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Park, Y.-S.","contributorId":105556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Park","given":"Y.-S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Rennie, V.","contributorId":67752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rennie","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Salas, E.C.","contributorId":85005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Salas","given":"E.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Rouxel, O.","contributorId":101089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rouxel","given":"O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Wang, F.","contributorId":42390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Russel, J.A.","contributorId":41244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Russel","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Wheat, C.G.","contributorId":59249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wheat","given":"C.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Sakata, K.","contributorId":85794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sakata","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Brown, M.","contributorId":7655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26},{"text":"Magnusson, J.L.","contributorId":54036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magnusson","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":27},{"text":"Ettlinger, Z.","contributorId":22171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ettlinger","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":28}]}}
,{"id":70032402,"text":"70032402 - 2012 - Spatial interpolation schemes of daily precipitation for hydrologic modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-01T22:44:17.77653","indexId":"70032402","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3478,"text":"Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial interpolation schemes of daily precipitation for hydrologic modeling","docAbstract":"<p><span>Distributed hydrologic models typically require spatial estimates of precipitation interpolated from sparsely located observational points to the specific grid points. We compare and contrast the performance of regression-based statistical methods for the spatial estimation of precipitation in two hydrologically different basins and confirmed that widely used regression-based estimation schemes fail to describe the realistic spatial variability of daily precipitation field. The methods assessed are: (1) inverse distance weighted average; (2) multiple linear regression (MLR); (3) climatological MLR; and (4) locally weighted polynomial regression (LWP). In order to improve the performance of the interpolations, the authors propose a two-step regression technique for effective daily precipitation estimation. In this simple two-step estimation process, precipitation occurrence is first generated via a logistic regression model before estimate the amount of precipitation separately on wet days. This process generated the precipitation occurrence, amount, and spatial correlation effectively. A distributed hydrologic model (PRMS) was used for the impact analysis in daily time step simulation. Multiple simulations suggested noticeable differences between the input alternatives generated by three different interpolation schemes. Differences are shown in overall simulation error against the observations, degree of explained variability, and seasonal volumes. Simulated streamflows also showed different characteristics in mean, maximum, minimum, and peak flows. Given the same parameter optimization technique, LWP input showed least streamflow error in Alapaha basin and CMLR input showed least error (still very close to LWP) in Animas basin. All of the two-step interpolation inputs resulted in lower streamflow error compared to the directly interpolated inputs.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Link","doi":"10.1007/s00477-011-0509-1","issn":"14363240","usgsCitation":"Hwang, Y., Clark, M., Rajagopalan, B., and Leavesley, G.H., 2012, Spatial interpolation schemes of daily precipitation for hydrologic modeling: Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment, v. 26, no. 2, p. 295-320, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00477-011-0509-1.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"295","endPage":"320","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214027,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00477-011-0509-1"},{"id":241714,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Georgia","otherGeospatial":"Durango, Statenville","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -108.0010986328125,\n              37.118716304960124\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.78961181640625,\n              37.118716304960124\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.78961181640625,\n              37.32102825630305\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.0010986328125,\n              37.32102825630305\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.0010986328125,\n              37.118716304960124\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -84.078369140625,\n              30.637912028341123\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.85888671875,\n              30.637912028341123\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.85888671875,\n              32.519026027827515\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.078369140625,\n              32.519026027827515\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.078369140625,\n              30.637912028341123\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"26","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-07-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9483e4b08c986b31ab31","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hwang, Y.","contributorId":62034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hwang","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clark, M.R.","contributorId":88135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rajagopalan, B.","contributorId":86947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rajagopalan","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Leavesley, George H. george@usgs.gov","contributorId":1202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leavesley","given":"George","email":"george@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":435986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70193081,"text":"70193081 - 2012 - Impact of wildfire and slope aspect on soil temperature in a mountainous environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-06T13:57:36","indexId":"70193081","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3674,"text":"Vadose Zone Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impact of wildfire and slope aspect on soil temperature in a mountainous environment","docAbstract":"<p>Soil temperature changes after landscape disturbance impact hydrology, ecology, and geomorphology. This study used field measurements to examine wildfire and aspect effects on soil temperatures. Combustion of the litter and duff layers on north-facing slopes removed pre-fire aspect-driven soil temperature controls.</p><p>Wildfire is one of the most significant disturbances in mountainous landscapes and can affect soil temperature, which can in turn impact ecologic and geomorphologic processes. This study measured the temperature in near-surface soil (i.e., top 30 cm) during the first summer after a wildfire. In mountainous environments, aspect can also affect soil temperature, so north- vs. south-facing aspects were compared using a fully factorial experimental design to explore the effects of both wildfire and aspect on soil temperature. The data showed major wildfire impacts on soil temperatures on north-facing aspects (unburned ∼4–5°C cooler, on average) but little impact on south-facing aspects. Differences in soil temperatures between north-facing and south-facing unburned aspects (north ∼5°C cooler, on average) were also observed. The data led to the conclusion that, for this field site during the summer period, the forest canopy and litter and duff layers on north-facing slopes (when unburned) substantially decreased mean soil temperatures and temperature variability. The sparse trees on south-facing slopes caused little to no difference in soil temperatures following wildfire in south-facing soils for unburned compared with burned conditions. The results indicate that wildfire can reduce or even remove aspect impacts on soil temperature by combusting the forest canopy and litter and duff layers, which then homogenizes soil temperatures across the landscape.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACSESS","doi":"10.2136/vzj2012.0017","usgsCitation":"Ebel, B.A., 2012, Impact of wildfire and slope aspect on soil temperature in a mountainous environment: Vadose Zone Journal, v. 11, no. 3, https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2012.0017.","ipdsId":"IP-091909","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348285,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07f145e4b09af898c8cdb3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ebel, Brian A. 0000-0002-5413-3963 bebel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5413-3963","contributorId":2557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ebel","given":"Brian","email":"bebel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70035334,"text":"70035334 - 2012 - Gender and occupational perspectives on adaptation to climate extremes in the Afram Plains of Ghana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-14T14:29:13","indexId":"70035334","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1252,"text":"Climatic Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gender and occupational perspectives on adaptation to climate extremes in the Afram Plains of Ghana","docAbstract":"Although sub-Saharan Africa does not contribute significantly to greenhouse gas emissions, significant adverse impacts of climate change are anticipated in this region. Countries in West Africa, which are heavily dependent on rain-fed agriculture, are projected to experience more frequent and intense droughts, altered rainfall patterns and increases in temperature through the end of this century. Changes in hydrology and temperature are likely to affect crop yields, thereby placing pressure on scarce resources in a region that is characterised by limited social, political, technical and financial resources. The success with which communities cope with the impacts of climate change is influenced by existing conditions, forces and characteristics which are peculiar to each of these communities. This paper assesses the preferred adaptation strategies during floods and droughts of males and females in three different occupations (farming, fishing, and charcoal production). Findings are based upon an analysis of focus group discussions and a ranking of preferred adaptation options in three communities in the Afram Plains of Ghana. Assessments of this nature should aid in the selection and implementation of adaptation options for communities and households, which is the level at which climate change adaptation is likely to occur in West Africa.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Climatic Change","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s10584-011-0237-z","issn":"01650009","usgsCitation":"Codjoe, S.N., Atidoh, L.K., and Burkett, V., 2012, Gender and occupational perspectives on adaptation to climate extremes in the Afram Plains of Ghana: Climatic Change, v. 110, no. 1-2, p. 431-454, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-011-0237-z.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"431","endPage":"454","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[{"id":505,"text":"Office of the AD Climate and Land-Use Change","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243043,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215253,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-011-0237-z"}],"scale":"550000","country":"Ghana","volume":"110","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-09-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a14f3e4b0c8380cd54c34","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Codjoe, Samuel N.A.","contributorId":22982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Codjoe","given":"Samuel","email":"","middleInitial":"N.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Atidoh, Lucy K.","contributorId":74587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atidoh","given":"Lucy","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burkett, Virginia 0000-0003-4746-2862 virginia_burkett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4746-2862","contributorId":2867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burkett","given":"Virginia","email":"virginia_burkett@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":505,"text":"Office of the AD Climate and Land-Use Change","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":450247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70157122,"text":"70157122 - 2012 - The paleohydrology of unsaturated and saturated zones at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, and vicinity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-28T15:53:01.443707","indexId":"70157122","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"The paleohydrology of unsaturated and saturated zones at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, and vicinity","docAbstract":"<p><span>Surface, unsaturated-zone, and saturated-zone hydrologic conditions at Yucca Mountain responded to past climate variations and are at least partly preserved by sediment, fossil, and mineral records. Characterizing past hydrologic conditions in surface and subsurface environments helps to constrain hydrologic responses expected under future climate conditions and improve predictions of repository performance. Furthermore, these records provide a better understanding of hydrologic processes that operate at time scales not readily measured by other means. Pleistocene climates in southern Nevada were predominantly wetter and colder than the current interglacial period. Cyclic episodes of aggradation and incision in Fortymile Wash, which drains the eastern slope of Yucca Mountain, are closely linked to Pleistocene climate cycles. Formation of pedogenic cement is favored under wetter Pleistocene climates, consistent with increased soil moisture and vegetation, higher chemical solubility, and greater evapotranspiration relative to Holocene soil conditions. The distribution and geochemistry of secondary minerals in subsurface fractures and cavities reflect unsaturated-zone hydrologic conditions and the response of the hydrogeologic system to changes in temperature and percolation flux over the last 12.8 m.y. Physical and fluid-inclusion evidence indicates that secondary calcite and opal formed in air-filled cavities from fluids percolating downward through connected fracture pathways in the unsaturated zone. Oxygen, strontium, and carbon isotope data from calcite are consistent with a descending meteoric water source but also indicate that water compositions and temperatures evolved through time. Geochronological data indicate that secondary mineral growth rates are less than 1&ndash;5 mm/m.y., and have remained approximately uniform over the last 10 m.y. or longer. These data are interpreted as evidence for hydrological stability despite large differences in surface moisture caused by climate shifts between the Miocene and Pleistocene and between Pleistocene glacial-interglacial cycles. Secondary mineral distribution and &delta;18O profiles indicate that evaporation in the shallower welded tuffs reduces infiltration fluxes. Several near-surface and subsurface processes likely are responsible for diverting or dampening infiltration and percolation, resulting in buffering of percolation fluxes to the deeper unsaturated zone. Cooler and wetter Pleistocene climates resulted in increased recharge in upland areas and higher water tables at Yucca Mountain and throughout the region. Discharge deposits in the Amargosa Desert were active during glacial periods, but only in areas where the modern water table is within 7&ndash;30 m of the surface. Published groundwater models simulate water-table rises beneath Yucca Mountain of as much as 150 m during glacial climates. However, most evidence from Fortymile Canyon up gradient from Yucca Mountain limits water-table rises to 30 m or less, which is consistent with evidence from discharge sites in the Amargosa Desert. The isotopic compositions of uranium in tuffs spanning the water table in two Yucca Mountain boreholes indicate that Pleistocene water-table rises likely were restricted to 25&ndash;50 m above modern positions and are in approximate agreement with water-table rises estimated from zeolitic-to-vitric transitions in the Yucca Mountain tuffs (less than 60 m in the last 11.6 m.y.).</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrology and geochemistry of Yucca Mountain and vicinity, Southern Nevada and California","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","doi":"10.1130/2012.1209(05)​","usgsCitation":"Paces, J.B., and Whelan, J.F., 2012, The paleohydrology of unsaturated and saturated zones at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, and vicinity, chap. <i>of</i> Hydrology and geochemistry of Yucca Mountain and vicinity, Southern Nevada and California, p. 219-276, https://doi.org/10.1130/2012.1209(05)​.","productDescription":"58 p.","startPage":"219","endPage":"276","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-010283","costCenters":[{"id":5045,"text":"Yucca Mountain Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307974,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Yucca Mountain","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.60476684570312,\n              36.78949107451841\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.60476684570312,\n              37.06065672157509\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.16531372070312,\n              37.06065672157509\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.16531372070312,\n              36.78949107451841\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.60476684570312,\n              36.78949107451841\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"560bb70be4b058f706e53f1a","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Stuckless, John S. 0000-0002-7536-0444 jstuckless@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7536-0444","contributorId":4974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stuckless","given":"John","email":"jstuckless@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571741,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Paces, James B. 0000-0002-9809-8493 jbpaces@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9809-8493","contributorId":2514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paces","given":"James","email":"jbpaces@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whelan, Joseph F.","contributorId":29792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whelan","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70157303,"text":"70157303 - 2012 - Response of salt marsh and mangrove wetlands to changes in atmospheric CO2, climate, and sea-level","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-17T17:47:19","indexId":"70157303","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Response of salt marsh and mangrove wetlands to changes in atmospheric CO2, climate, and sea-level","docAbstract":"<p><span>Coastal salt marsh and mangrove ecosystems are particularly vulnerable to changes in atmospheric CO2 concentrations and associated climate and climate-induced changes. We provide a review of the literature detailing theoretical predictions and observed responses of coastal wetlands to a range of climate change stressors, including CO2, temperature, rainfall, and sea-level rise. This review incorporates a discussion of key processes controlling responses in different settings and thresholds of resilience derived from experimental and observational studies. We specifically consider the potential and observed effects on salt marsh and mangrove vegetation of changes in (1) elevated [CO2] on physiology, growth, and distribution; (2) temperature on distribution and diversity; (3) rainfall and salinity regimes on growth and competitive interactions; and (4) sea level on geomorphological, hydrological, and biological processes.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Global change and the function and distribution of wetlands","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Dordrecht; New York","doi":"10.1007/978-94-007-4494-3_2","usgsCitation":"McKee, K.L., Rogers, K., and Saintilan, N., 2012, Response of salt marsh and mangrove wetlands to changes in atmospheric CO2, climate, and sea-level, chap. <i>of</i> Global change and the function and distribution of wetlands, v. 1, p. 63-96, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4494-3_2.","productDescription":"34 p.","startPage":"63","endPage":"96","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308265,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-06-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55fbe444e4b05d6c4e5028f4","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Middleton, Beth A. 0000-0002-1220-2326 middletonb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1220-2326","contributorId":2029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Middleton","given":"Beth","email":"middletonb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572641,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"McKee, Karen L. 0000-0001-7042-670X mckeek@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7042-670X","contributorId":704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"Karen","email":"mckeek@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rogers, Kerrylee","contributorId":64151,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rogers","given":"Kerrylee","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16754,"text":"University of Wollongong, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Saintilan, Neil","contributorId":31670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saintilan","given":"Neil","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70032255,"text":"70032255 - 2012 - A method for physically based model analysis of conjunctive use in response to potential climate changes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-18T10:15:56","indexId":"70032255","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A method for physically based model analysis of conjunctive use in response to potential climate changes","docAbstract":"Potential climate change effects on aspects of conjunctive management of water resources can be evaluated by linking climate models with fully integrated groundwater-surface water models. The objective of this study is to develop a modeling system that links global climate models with regional hydrologic models, using the California Central Valley as a case study. The new method is a supply and demand modeling framework that can be used to simulate and analyze potential climate change and conjunctive use. Supply-constrained and demand-driven linkages in the water system in the Central Valley are represented with the linked climate models, precipitation-runoff models, agricultural and native vegetation water use, and hydrologic flow models to demonstrate the feasibility of this method. Simulated precipitation and temperature were used from the GFDL-A2 climate change scenario through the 21st century to drive a regional water balance mountain hydrologic watershed model (MHWM) for the surrounding watersheds in combination with a regional integrated hydrologic model of the Central Valley (CVHM). Application of this method demonstrates the potential transition from predominantly surface water to groundwater supply for agriculture with secondary effects that may limit this transition of conjunctive use. The particular scenario considered includes intermittent climatic droughts in the first half of the 21st century followed by severe persistent droughts in the second half of the 21st century. These climatic droughts do not yield a valley-wide operational drought but do cause reduced surface water deliveries and increased groundwater abstractions that may cause additional land subsidence, reduced water for riparian habitat, or changes in flows at the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta. The method developed here can be used to explore conjunctive use adaptation options and hydrologic risk assessments in regional hydrologic systems throughout the world.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Resources Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2011WR010774","issn":"00431397","usgsCitation":"Hanson, R.T., Flint, L.E., Flint, A.L., Dettinger, M.D., Faunt, C., Cayan, D., and Schmid, W., 2012, A method for physically based model analysis of conjunctive use in response to potential climate changes: Water Resources Research, v. 48, no. 2, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011WR010774.","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474625,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2011wr010774","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":242510,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214760,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011WR010774"}],"volume":"48","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-02-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e456e4b0c8380cd465c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hanson, R. T.","contributorId":91148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flint, L. E. 0000-0002-7868-441X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7868-441X","contributorId":38180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"L.","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Flint, A. L.","contributorId":102453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dettinger, M. D. 0000-0002-7509-7332","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":93069,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dettinger","given":"M.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":16196,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":435265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Faunt, C.C. 0000-0001-5659-7529","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5659-7529","contributorId":103314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faunt","given":"C.C.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":435267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cayan, D.","contributorId":49563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cayan","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schmid, W.","contributorId":103479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmid","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70189220,"text":"70189220 - 2012 - Has the magnitude of floods across the USA changed with global CO2 levels?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-06T10:46:40","indexId":"70189220","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1927,"text":"Hydrological Sciences Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Has the magnitude of floods across the USA changed with global CO<sub>2</sub> levels?","title":"Has the magnitude of floods across the USA changed with global CO2 levels?","docAbstract":"<p><span>Statistical relationships between annual floods at 200 long-term (85–127 years of record) streamgauges in the coterminous United States and the global mean carbon dioxide concentration (GMCO2) record are explored. The streamgauge locations are limited to those with little or no regulation or urban development. The coterminous US is divided into four large regions and stationary bootstrapping is used to evaluate if the patterns of these statistical associations are significantly different from what would be expected under the null hypothesis that flood magnitudes are independent of GMCO2. In none of the four regions defined in this study is there strong statistical evidence for flood magnitudes increasing with increasing GMCO2. One region, the southwest, showed a statistically significant negative relationship between GMCO2 and flood magnitudes. The statistical methods applied compensate both for the inter-site correlation of flood magnitudes and the shorter-term (up to a few decades) serial correlation of floods.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/02626667.2011.621895","usgsCitation":"Hirsch, R.M., and Ryberg, K.R., 2012, Has the magnitude of floods across the USA changed with global CO2 levels?: Hydrological Sciences Journal, v. 57, no. 1, p. 1-9, https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2011.621895.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"9","ipdsId":"IP-026554","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343388,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"57","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-10-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595f4c46e4b0d1f9f057e378","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hirsch, Robert M. 0000-0002-4534-075X rhirsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4534-075X","contributorId":2005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hirsch","given":"Robert","email":"rhirsch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37316,"text":"WMA - Integrated Information Dissemination Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ryberg, Karen R. 0000-0002-9834-2046 kryberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9834-2046","contributorId":1172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryberg","given":"Karen","email":"kryberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70189082,"text":"70189082 - 2012 - Climate-change-driven deterioration of water quality in a mineralized watershed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T17:41:14","indexId":"70189082","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate-change-driven deterioration of water quality in a mineralized watershed","docAbstract":"<p><span>A unique 30-year streamwater chemistry data set from a mineralized alpine watershed with naturally acidic, metal-rich water displays dissolved concentrations of Zn and other metals of ecological concern increasing by 100–400% (400–2000 μg/L) during low-flow months, when metal concentrations are highest. SO</span><sub>4</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>and other major ions show similar increases. A lack of natural or anthropogenic land disturbances in the watershed during the study period suggests that climate change is the underlying cause. Local mean annual and mean summer air temperatures have increased at a rate of 0.2–1.2 °C/decade since the 1980s. Other climatic and hydrologic indices, including stream discharge during low-flow months, do not display statistically significant trends. Consideration of potential specific causal mechanisms driven by rising temperatures suggests that melting of permafrost and falling water tables (from decreased recharge) are probable explanations for the increasing concentrations. The prospect of future widespread increases in dissolved solutes from mineralized watersheds is concerning given likely negative impacts on downstream ecosystems and water resources, and complications created for the establishment of attainable remediation objectives at mine sites.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACU Publications","doi":"10.1021/es3020056","usgsCitation":"Todd, A., Manning, A.H., Verplanck, P.L., Crouch, C., McKnight, D.M., and Dunham, R., 2012, Climate-change-driven deterioration of water quality in a mineralized watershed: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 46, no. 17, p. 9324-9332, https://doi.org/10.1021/es3020056.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"9324","endPage":"9332","ipdsId":"IP-039673","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343188,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"17","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-08-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595611c7e4b0d1f9f05067e0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Todd, Andrew atodd@usgs.gov","contributorId":149790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Todd","given":"Andrew","email":"atodd@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Manning, Andrew H. 0000-0002-6404-1237 amanning@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6404-1237","contributorId":1305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manning","given":"Andrew","email":"amanning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Verplanck, Philip L. 0000-0002-3653-6419 plv@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3653-6419","contributorId":728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verplanck","given":"Philip","email":"plv@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Crouch, Caitlin","contributorId":194025,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crouch","given":"Caitlin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McKnight, Diane M.","contributorId":59773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKnight","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16833,"text":"INSTAAR, University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":702944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dunham, Ryan","contributorId":194026,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dunham","given":"Ryan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70032254,"text":"70032254 - 2012 - Wildfire impacts on the processes that generate debris flows in burned watersheds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-03T20:47:57.864584","indexId":"70032254","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2822,"text":"Natural Hazards","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wildfire impacts on the processes that generate debris flows in burned watersheds","docAbstract":"<p>E<span>very year, and in many countries worldwide, wildfires cause significant damage and economic losses due to both the direct effects of the fires and the subsequent accelerated runoff, erosion, and debris flow. Wildfires can have profound effects on the hydrologic response of watersheds by changing the infiltration characteristics and erodibility of the soil, which leads to decreased rainfall infiltration, significantly increased overland flow and runoff in channels, and movement of soil. Debris-flow activity is among the most destructive consequences of these changes, often causing extensive damage to human infrastructure. Data from the Mediterranean area and Western United States of America help identify the primary processes that result in debris flows in recently burned areas. Two primary processes for the initiation of fire-related debris flows have been so far identified: (1) runoff-dominated erosion by surface overland flow; and (2) infiltration-triggered failure and mobilization of a discrete landslide mass. The first process is frequently documented immediately post-fire and leads to the generation of debris flows through progressive bulking of storm runoff with sediment eroded from the hillslopes and channels. As sediment is incorporated into water, runoff can convert to debris flow. The conversion to debris flow may be observed at a position within a drainage network that appears to be controlled by threshold values of upslope contributing area and its gradient. At these locations, sufficient eroded material has been incorporated, relative to the volume of contributing surface runoff, to generate debris flows. Debris flows have also been generated from burned basins in response to increased runoff by water cascading over a steep, bedrock cliff, and incorporating material from readily erodible colluvium or channel bed. Post-fire debris flows have also been generated by infiltration-triggered landslide failures which then mobilize into debris flows. However, only 12% of documented cases exhibited this process. When they do occur, the landslide failures range in thickness from a few tens of centimeters to more than 6&nbsp;m, and generally involve the soil and colluvium-mantled hillslopes. Surficial landslide failures in burned areas most frequently occur in response to prolonged periods of storm rainfall, or prolonged rainfall in combination with rapid snowmelt or rain-on-snow events.</span></p>","language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s11069-011-9769-9","issn":"0921030X","usgsCitation":"Parise, M., and Cannon, S.H., 2012, Wildfire impacts on the processes that generate debris flows in burned watersheds: Natural Hazards, v. 61, no. 1, p. 217-227, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-011-9769-9.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"217","endPage":"227","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242480,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214730,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11069-011-9769-9"}],"volume":"61","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd0cde4b08c986b32f088","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parise, M.","contributorId":82486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parise","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cannon, Susan H. cannon@usgs.gov","contributorId":1019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"Susan","email":"cannon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":435260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}