{"pageNumber":"174","pageRowStart":"4325","pageSize":"25","recordCount":16461,"records":[{"id":70007517,"text":"70007517 - 2011 - Subsurface transport of orthophosphate in five agricultural watersheds, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:42","indexId":"70007517","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-19T17:15:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Subsurface transport of orthophosphate in five agricultural watersheds, USA","docAbstract":"Concentrations of dissolved orthophosphate (ortho P) in the unsaturated zone, groundwater, tile drains, and groundwater/stream water interfaces were assessed in five agricultural watersheds to determine the potential for subsurface transport. Concentrations of iron oxides were measured in the aquifer material and adsorption of ortho P on oxide surfaces was assessed by geochemical modeling. Attenuation of ortho P in these aquifers was attributed primarily to sorption onto iron oxides, and in one location onto clay minerals. Only one location showed a clear indication of phosphorus transport to a stream from groundwater discharge, although groundwater did contribute to the stream load elsewhere. Subsurface ortho P movement at a site in California resulted in a plume down gradient from orchards, which was attenuated by a 200 m thick riparian zone with natural vegetation. Iron oxides had an effect on phosphorus movement and concentrations at all locations, and groundwater chemistry, especially pH, exerted a major control on the amount of phosphorus adsorbed. Groundwater pH at a site in Maryland was below 5 and that resulted in complete sequestration of phosphorus and no movement toward the stream. Geochemical modeling indicated that as the surfaces approached saturation, groundwater concentrations of ortho P rise rapidly.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.08.014","usgsCitation":"Domagalski, J.L., and Johnson, H.M., 2011, Subsurface transport of orthophosphate in five agricultural watersheds, USA: Journal of Hydrology, v. 409, no. 1-2, p. 157-171, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.08.014.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"157","endPage":"171","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204729,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":204713,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.08.014","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"409","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9d92e4b08c986b31d915","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Domagalski, Joseph L. 0000-0002-6032-757X joed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6032-757X","contributorId":1330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Domagalski","given":"Joseph","email":"joed@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Henry M. 0000-0002-7571-4994","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7571-4994","contributorId":105291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Henry","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70007519,"text":"70007519 - 2011 - Taking the pulse of snowmelt: in situ sensors reveal seasonal, event and diurnal patterns of nitrate and dissolved organic matter variability in an upland forest stream","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:42","indexId":"70007519","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-19T16:49:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1007,"text":"Biogeochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Taking the pulse of snowmelt: in situ sensors reveal seasonal, event and diurnal patterns of nitrate and dissolved organic matter variability in an upland forest stream","docAbstract":"Highly resolved time series data are useful to accurately identify the timing, rate, and magnitude of solute transport in streams during hydrologically dynamic periods such as snowmelt. We used in situ optical sensors for nitrate (NO3<sup>-</sup>) and chromophoric dissolved organic matter fluorescence (FDOM) to measure surface water concentrations at 30 min intervals over the snowmelt period (March 21&ndash;May 13, 2009) at a 40.5 hectare forested watershed at Sleepers River, Vermont. We also collected discrete samples for laboratory absorbance and fluorescence as well as &delta;<sup>18</sup>O&ndash;NO3<sup>-</sup> isotopes to help interpret the drivers of variable NO3<sup>-</sup> and FDOM concentrations measured in situ. In situ data revealed seasonal, event and diurnal patterns associated with hydrological and biogeochemical processes regulating stream NO3<sup>-</sup> and FDOM concentrations. An observed decrease in NO3<sup>-</sup> concentrations after peak snowmelt runoff and muted response to spring rainfall was consistent with the flushing of a limited supply of NO3<sup>-</sup> (mainly from nitrification) from source areas in surficial soils. Stream FDOM concentrations were coupled with flow throughout the study period, suggesting a strong hydrologic control on DOM concentrations in the stream. However, higher FDOM concentrations per unit streamflow after snowmelt likely reflected a greater hydraulic connectivity of the stream to leachable DOM sources in upland soils. We also observed diurnal NO3<sup>-</sup> variability of 1&ndash;2 &mu;mol l<sup>-1</sup> after snowpack ablation, presumably due to in-stream uptake prior to leafout. A comparison of NO3<sup>-</sup> and dissolved organic carbon yields (DOC, measured by FDOM proxy) calculated from weekly discrete samples and in situ data sub-sampled daily resulted in small to moderate differences over the entire study period (-4 to 1% for NO3<sup>-</sup> and -3 to -14% for DOC), but resulted in much larger differences for daily yields (-66 to +27% for NO3<sup>-</sup> and -88 to +47% for DOC, respectively). Despite challenges inherent in in situ sensor deployments in harsh seasonal conditions, these data provide important insights into processes controlling NO3<sup>-</sup> and FDOM in streams, and will be critical for evaluating the effects of climate change on snowmelt delivery to downstream ecosystems.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biogeochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s10533-011-9589-8","usgsCitation":"Pellerin, B., Saraceno, J., Shanley, J.B., Sebestyen, S.D., Aiken, G.R., Wollheim, W., and Bergamaschi, B., 2011, Taking the pulse of snowmelt: in situ sensors reveal seasonal, event and diurnal patterns of nitrate and dissolved organic matter variability in an upland forest stream: Biogeochemistry, v. 108, no. 1-3, p. 183-198, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-011-9589-8.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"183","endPage":"198","numberOfPages":"16","temporalStart":"2009-03-21","temporalEnd":"2009-05-13","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204727,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":204712,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10533-011-9589-8","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Vermont","otherGeospatial":"Sleepers River","volume":"108","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba3bee4b08c986b31fe71","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pellerin, Brian A.","contributorId":58385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pellerin","given":"Brian A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Saraceno, John Franco 0000-0003-0064-1820","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0064-1820","contributorId":71686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saraceno","given":"John Franco","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shanley, James B. 0000-0002-4234-3437 jshanley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4234-3437","contributorId":1953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanley","given":"James","email":"jshanley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sebestyen, Stephen D.","contributorId":107562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sebestyen","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Aiken, George R. 0000-0001-8454-0984 graiken@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8454-0984","contributorId":1322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"George","email":"graiken@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wollheim, Wilfred M.","contributorId":104758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wollheim","given":"Wilfred M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bergamaschi, Brian A. 0000-0002-9610-5581","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9610-5581","contributorId":73241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergamaschi","given":"Brian A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70007430,"text":"sir20115111 - 2011 - Hydrology, phosphorus, and suspended solids in five agricultural streams in the Lower Fox River and Green Bay Watersheds, Wisconsin, Water Years 2004-06","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-06T12:29:15","indexId":"sir20115111","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-15T09:06:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5111","title":"Hydrology, phosphorus, and suspended solids in five agricultural streams in the Lower Fox River and Green Bay Watersheds, Wisconsin, Water Years 2004-06","docAbstract":"A 3-year study was conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey and the University of Wisconsin-Green Bay to characterize water quality in agricultural streams in the Fox/Wolf watershed in northeastern Wisconsin and provide information to assist in the calibration of a watershed model for the area. Streamflow, phosphorus, and suspended solids data were collected between October 1, 2003, and September 30, 2006, in five streams, including Apple Creek, Ashwaubenon Creek, Baird Creek, Duck Creek, and the East River. During this study, total annual precipitation was close to the 30-year normal of 29.12 inches. The 3-year mean streamflow was highest in the East River (113 ft<sup>3</sup>/s), followed by Duck Creek (58.2 ft<sup>3</sup>/s), Apple Creek (26.9 ft<sup>3</sup>/s), Baird Creek (12.8 ft<sup>3</sup>/s), and Ashwaubenon Creek (9.1 ft<sup>3</sup>/s). On a yield basis, during these three years, the East River had the highest flow (0.78 ft<sup>3</sup>/s/mi<sup>2</sup>), followed by Baird Creek (0.61 ft<sup>3</sup>/s/mi<sup>2</sup>), Apple Creek (0.59 ft<sup>3</sup>/s/mi<sup>2</sup>), Duck Creek (0.54 ft<sup>3</sup>/s/mi<sup>2</sup>), and Ashwaubenon Creek (0.46 ft<sup>3</sup>/s/mi<sup>2</sup>).</p> \n<p>The overall median total suspended solids (TSS) concentration was highest in Baird Creek (73.5 mg/L), followed by Apple and Ashwaubenon Creeks (65 mg/L), East River (40 mg/L), and Duck Creek (30 mg/L). The median total phosphorus (TP) concentration was highest in Ashwaubenon Creek (0.60 mg/L), followed by Baird Creek (0.47 mg/L), Apple Creek (0.37 mg/L), East River (0.26 mg/L), and Duck Creek (0.22 mg/L).</p>\n<p>The average annual TSS yields ranged from 111 tons/mi<sup>2</sup> in Apple Creek to 45 tons/mi2 in Duck Creek. All five watersheds yielded more TSS than the median value (32.4 tons/mi<sup>2</sup>) from previous studies in the Southeastern Wisconsin Till Plains (SWTP) ecoregion. The average annual TP yields ranged from 663 lbs/mi<sup>2</sup> in Baird Creek to 382 lbs/mi<sup>2</sup> in Duck Creek. All five watersheds yielded more TP than the median value from previous studies in the SWTP ecoregion, and the Baird Creek watershed yielded more TP than the statewide median of 650 lbs/mi<sup>2</sup> from previous studies.Overall, Duck Creek had the lowest median and volumetric weighted concentrations and mean yield of TSS and TP. The same pattern was true for dissolved phosphorus (DP), except the volumetrically weighted concentration was lowest in the East River. In contrast, Ashwaubenon, Baird, and Apple Creeks had greater median and volumetrically weighted concentrations and mean yields of TSS, TP, DP than Duck Creek and the East River. Water quality in Duck Creek and East River were distinctly different from Ashwaubenon, Baird, and Apple Creeks. Loads from individual runoff events for all of these streams were important to the total annual mass transport of the constituents. On average, about 20 percent of the annual TSS loads and about 17 percent of the TP loads were transported in 1-day events in each stream.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115111","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the University of Wisconsin-Green Bay","usgsCitation":"Graczyk, D., Robertson, D.M., Baumgart, P.D., and Fermanich, K., 2011, Hydrology, phosphorus, and suspended solids in five agricultural streams in the Lower Fox River and Green Bay Watersheds, Wisconsin, Water Years 2004-06: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5111, vi, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115111.","productDescription":"vi, 28 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204742,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5111.gif"},{"id":116345,"rank":0,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5111/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Lower Fox River Watershed;Green Bay Watershed","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a377ee4b0c8380cd60f10","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Graczyk, David J.","contributorId":107265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graczyk","given":"David J.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":356385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robertson, Dale M. 0000-0001-6799-0596 dzrobert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6799-0596","contributorId":150760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robertson","given":"Dale","email":"dzrobert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baumgart, Paul D.","contributorId":92423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baumgart","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fermanich, Kevin 0000-0002-5354-2941","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5354-2941","contributorId":63945,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fermanich","given":"Kevin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":35036,"text":"University of Wisconsin-Green Bay","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":356383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70005090,"text":"70005090 - 2011 - What makes a natural clay antibacterial?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-14T10:25:50","indexId":"70005090","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"What makes a natural clay antibacterial?","docAbstract":"<p>Natural clays have been used in ancient and modern medicine, but the mechanism(s) that make certain clays lethal against bacterial pathogens has not been identified. We have compared the depositional environments, mineralogies, and chemistries of clays that exhibit antibacterial effects on a broad spectrum of human pathogens including antibiotic resistant strains. Natural antibacterial clays contain nanoscale (<200 nm), illite-smectite and reduced iron phases. The role of clay minerals in the bactericidal process is to buffer the aqueous pH and oxidation state to conditions that promote Fe<sup>2+</sup> solubility.</p>\n<p>Chemical analyses of <i>E. coli</i> killed by aqueous leachates of an antibacterial clay show that intracellular concentrations of Fe and P are elevated relative to controls. Phosphorus uptake by the cells supports a regulatory role of polyphosphate or phospholipids in controlling Fe<i>2+</i>. Fenton reaction products can degrade critical cell components, but we deduce that extracellular processes do not cause cell death. Rather, Fe<i>2+</i> overwhelms outer membrane regulatory proteins and is oxidized when it enters the cell, precipitating Fe<i>3+</i> and producing lethal hydroxyl radicals.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/es1040688","usgsCitation":"Williams, L.B., Metge, D.W., Eberl, D.D., Harvey, R.W., Turner, A.G., Prapaipong, P., and Port-Peterson, A.T., 2011, What makes a natural clay antibacterial?: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 45, no. 8, p. 3768-3773, https://doi.org/10.1021/es1040688.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"3768","endPage":"3773","costCenters":[{"id":145,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Central Region","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474765,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3126108","text":"External Repository"},{"id":204599,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd042e4b08c986b32ed63","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, Lynda B.","contributorId":28007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Lynda","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Metge, David W. dwmetge@usgs.gov","contributorId":663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Metge","given":"David","email":"dwmetge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eberl, Dennis D.","contributorId":68388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eberl","given":"Dennis","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harvey, Ronald W. 0000-0002-2791-8503 rwharvey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2791-8503","contributorId":564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"Ronald","email":"rwharvey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Turner, Amanda G.","contributorId":57206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"Amanda","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Prapaipong, Panjai","contributorId":41138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prapaipong","given":"Panjai","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Port-Peterson, Amisha T.","contributorId":34261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Port-Peterson","given":"Amisha","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70006311,"text":"70006311 - 2011 - An exploratory investigation of polar organic compounds in waters from a lead&ndash;zinc mine and mill complex","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-11T10:23:20","indexId":"70006311","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3728,"text":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","onlineIssn":"1573-2932","printIssn":"0049-6979","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An exploratory investigation of polar organic compounds in waters from a lead&ndash;zinc mine and mill complex","docAbstract":"Surface water samples were collected in 2006 from a lead mine-mill complex in Missouri to investigate possible organic compounds coming from the milling process. Water samples contained relatively high concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC; greater than 20 mg/l) for surface waters but were colorless, implying a lack of naturally occurring aquatic humic or fulvic acids. Samples were extracted by three different types of solid-phase extraction and analyzed by electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry. Because large amounts of xanthate complexation reagents are used in the milling process, techniques were developed to extract and analyze for sodium isopropyl xanthate and sodium ethyl xanthate. Although these xanthate reagents were not found, trace amounts of the degradates, isopropyl xanthyl thiosulfonate and isopropyl xanthyl sulfonate, were found in most locations sampled, including the tailings pond downstream. Dioctyl sulfosuccinate, a surfactant and process filtering aid, was found at concentrations estimated at 350 &mu;g/l at one mill outlet, but not downstream. Release of these organic compounds downstream from lead-zinc mine and milling areas has not previously been reported. A majority of the DOC remains unidentified.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11270-010-0598-3","usgsCitation":"Rostad, C.E., Schmitt, C.J., Schumacher, J., and Leiker, T.J., 2011, An exploratory investigation of polar organic compounds in waters from a lead&ndash;zinc mine and mill complex: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, v. 217, no. 1-4, p. 431-443, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-010-0598-3.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"431","endPage":"443","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":145,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Central Region","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204691,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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,{"id":70003694,"text":"70003694 - 2011 - Using digital photography to examine grazing in montane meadows","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-19T23:46:31","indexId":"70003694","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3228,"text":"Rangeland Ecology and Management","onlineIssn":"1551-5028","printIssn":"1550-7424","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using digital photography to examine grazing in montane meadows","docAbstract":"Cattle (<i>Bos taurus</i>) numbers on national forests are allocated based on allotment grazing capacity, but spatial patterns of timing and density at smaller scales are difficult to assess. However, it is often in meadows or riparian areas that grazing may affect hydrology, biodiversity, and other important ecosystem characteristics. To explore real-time animal presence in montane meadows we distributed 18 digital cameras across nine sites in the Sierra National Forest, California. Our objectives were to document seasonal and diurnal presence of both cattle and mule deer (<i>Odocoileus hemionus</i>), identify the effects of three fencing treatments on animal distribution, and test digital photography as a tool for documenting cattle presence. We recorded 409 399 images during daylight hours for two grazing seasons, and we identified 5 084 and 24 482 cattle \"marks\" (instances of animal occurrence) in 2006 and 2007, respectively. Deer presence was much lower, with 331 marks in 2006 and 598 in 2007. Morning cattle presence was highest before 0800 hours both years (13.7% and 15.4% of total marks for 2006 and 2007, respectively). Marks decreased until 1100 hours and then increased around 1400 hours and remained relatively stable until 1900 hours. Marks then rose precipitously, with >20% of total marks recorded after 1900 hours both years. Deer presence was less than 10% per hour until 1800 hours, when >20% of total marks were recorded after this time both years. Among treatments, cattle marks were highest outside fences at partially fenced meadows, and deer were highest within completely fenced meadows. Our experience suggests that cameras are not viable tools for meadow monitoring due to variation captured within meadows and the time and effort involved in image processing and review.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Rangeland Ecology and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society for Range Management","publisherLocation":"Wheat Ridge, CO","doi":"10.2111/REM-D-09-00130.1","usgsCitation":"McIlroy, S., Allen-Diaz, B.H., and Berg, A.C., 2011, Using digital photography to examine grazing in montane meadows: Rangeland Ecology and Management, v. 64, no. 2, p. 187-195, https://doi.org/10.2111/REM-D-09-00130.1.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"187","endPage":"195","numberOfPages":"9","temporalStart":"2006-01-01","temporalEnd":"2007-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474776,"rank":101,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10150/642857","text":"External Repository"},{"id":204676,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":115758,"rank":100,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2111/REM-D-09-00130.1","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","volume":"64","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc046e4b08c986b32a022","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McIlroy, Susan K.","contributorId":30362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McIlroy","given":"Susan K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen-Diaz, Barbara H.","contributorId":73750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen-Diaz","given":"Barbara","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Berg, Alexander C.","contributorId":27610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berg","given":"Alexander","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70007134,"text":"sir20115203 - 2011 - Improvement in precipitation-runoff model simulations by recalibration with basin-specific data, and subsequent model applications, Onondaga Lake Basin, Onondaga County, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:43","indexId":"sir20115203","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5203","title":"Improvement in precipitation-runoff model simulations by recalibration with basin-specific data, and subsequent model applications, Onondaga Lake Basin, Onondaga County, New York","docAbstract":"Water-resource managers in Onondaga County, New York, are faced with the challenge of improving the water quality of Onondaga Lake, which has the distinction of being one of the most contaminated lakes in the United States. To assist in this endeavor, during 2003-07 the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Onondaga Lake Partnership, developed a precipitation-runoff model of the 285-square-mile Onondaga Lake Basin with the computer program Hydrological Simulation Program-Fortran (HSPF). The model was intended to provide a tool whereby the processes responsible for the generation of loads of sediment and nutrients that are transported to Onondaga Lake could be better understood. This objective was only partly attained because data for calibration of the model were available from monitoring sites only at or near the mouths of the major tributaries to Onondaga Lake; no calibration data from headwater subbasins, where the loads originated, were available. To address this limitation and thereby decrease the uncertainty in the simulated results that were associated with headwater processes, the USGS conducted a 3-year (2005-08) basinwide study to assess the quality of surface water in the Onondaga Lake Basin. The study quantified the relative contributions of nonpoint sources associated with the major land uses and land covers in the basin and also monitored known sources and presumed sinks of sediment and nutrient loads, which previously had not been evaluated. The use of the newly acquired data to recalibrate the HSPF model resulted in improvements in the simulation of processes in the headwater subbasins, including suspended-sediment, orthophosphate, and phosphorus generation and transport.\nSimulation of streamflows in small subbasins was improved by adjusting model parameter values to match base flows, storm peaks, and storm recessions more precisely than had been done with the original model. Simulated recessional and low flows were either increased or decreased as appropriate for a given stream, and simulated peak flows generally were lowered in the revised model. The use of suspended-sediment concentrations rather than concentrations of the surrogate constituent, total suspended solids, resulted in increases in the simulated low-flow sediment concentrations and, in most cases, decreases in the simulated peak-flow sediment concentrations. Simulated orthophosphate concentrations in base flows generally increased but decreased for peak flows in selected headwater subbasins in the revised model. Compared with the original model, phosphorus concentrations simulated by the revised model were comparable in forested subbasins, generally decreased in developed and wetland-dominated subbasins, and increased in agricultural subbasins. A final revision to the model was made by the addition of the simulation of chloride (salt) concentrations in the Onondaga Creek Basin to help water-resource managers better understand the relative contributions of salt from multiple sources in this particular tributary. The calibrated revised model was used to (1) compute loading rates for the various land types that were simulated in the model, (2) conduct a watershed-management analysis that estimated the portion of the total load that was likely to be transported to Onondaga Lake from each of the modeled subbasins, (3) compute and assess chloride loads to Onondaga Lake from the Onondaga Creek Basin, and (4) simulate precolonization (forested) conditions in the basin to estimate the probable minimum phosphorus loads to the lake.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115203","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Onondaga Lake Partnership","usgsCitation":"Coon, W.F., 2011, Improvement in precipitation-runoff model simulations by recalibration with basin-specific data, and subsequent model applications, Onondaga Lake Basin, Onondaga County, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5203, x, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115203.","productDescription":"x, 37 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116441,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5203.gif"},{"id":112501,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5203/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"state":"New York","county":"Onondaga","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -76.5,42.7 ], [ -76.5,43.166666666666664 ], [ -75.96666666666667,43.166666666666664 ], [ -75.96666666666667,42.7 ], [ -76.5,42.7 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3969e4b0c8380cd618f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coon, William F. 0000-0002-7007-7797 wcoon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7007-7797","contributorId":1765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coon","given":"William","email":"wcoon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70005313,"text":"70005313 - 2011 - Transient groundwater chemistry near a river: Effects on U(VI) transport in laboratory column experiments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-29T14:57:19.94641","indexId":"70005313","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-15T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Transient groundwater chemistry near a river: Effects on U(VI) transport in laboratory column experiments","docAbstract":"<p><span>In the 300 Area of a U(VI)-contaminated aquifer at Hanford, Washington, USA, inorganic carbon and major cations, which have large impacts on U(VI) transport, change on an hourly and seasonal basis near the Columbia River. Batch and column experiments were conducted to investigate the factors controlling U(VI) adsorption/desorption by changing chemical conditions over time. Low alkalinity and low Ca concentrations (Columbia River water) enhanced adsorption and reduced aqueous concentrations. Conversely, high alkalinity and high Ca concentrations (Hanford groundwater) reduced adsorption and increased aqueous concentrations of U(VI). An equilibrium surface complexation model calibrated using laboratory batch experiments accounted for the decrease in U(VI) adsorption observed with increasing (bi)carbonate concentrations and other aqueous chemical conditions. In the column experiment, alternating pulses of river and groundwater caused swings in aqueous U(VI) concentration. A multispecies multirate surface complexation reactive transport model simulated most of the major U(VI) changes in two column experiments. The modeling results also indicated that U(VI) transport in the studied sediment could be simulated by using a single kinetic rate without loss of accuracy in the simulations. Moreover, the capability of the model to predict U(VI) transport in Hanford groundwater under transient chemical conditions depends significantly on the knowledge of real-time change of local groundwater chemistry.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2010WR009369","usgsCitation":"Yin, J., Haggerty, R., Stoliker, D., Kent, D.B., Istok, J.D., Greskowiak, J., and Zachara, J.M., 2011, Transient groundwater chemistry near a river: Effects on U(VI) transport in laboratory column experiments: Water Resources Research, v. 47, no. 4, W04502, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2010WR009369.","productDescription":"W04502, 11 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":148,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Western Region","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204702,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","county":"Benton 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Jun","contributorId":88491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yin","given":"Jun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haggerty, Roy","contributorId":102631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haggerty","given":"Roy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stoliker, Deborah L. dlstoliker@usgs.gov","contributorId":2954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stoliker","given":"Deborah L.","email":"dlstoliker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":352264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kent, Douglas B. 0000-0003-3758-8322 dbkent@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3758-8322","contributorId":1871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kent","given":"Douglas","email":"dbkent@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":352263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Istok, Jonathan D.","contributorId":35468,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Istok","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Greskowiak, Janek","contributorId":108254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greskowiak","given":"Janek","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Zachara, John M.","contributorId":7421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zachara","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70003569,"text":"70003569 - 2011 - Towards identifying the next generation of superfund and hazardous waste site contaminants","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-09T15:30:43.916232","indexId":"70003569","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-12T17:31:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1542,"text":"Environmental Health Perspectives","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Towards identifying the next generation of superfund and hazardous waste site contaminants","docAbstract":"<p><b>Background</b> This commentary evolved from a workshop sponsored by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences titled \"Superfund Contaminants: The Next Generation\" held in Tucson, Arizona, in August 2009. All the authors were workshop participants.</p>\n<p><b>Objectives</b> Our aim was to initiate a dynamic, adaptable process for identifying contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) that are likely to be found in future hazardous waste sites, and to identify the gaps in primary research that cause uncertainty in determining future hazardous waste site contaminants.</p>\n<p><b>Discussion</b> Superfund-relevant CECs can be characterized by specific attributes: They are persistent, bioaccumulative, toxic, occur in large quantities, and have localized accumulation with a likelihood of exposure. Although still under development and incompletely applied, methods to quantify these attributes can assist in winnowing down the list of candidates from the universe of potential CECs. Unfortunately, significant research gaps exist in detection and quantification, environmental fate and transport, health and risk assessment, and site exploration and remediation for CECs. Addressing these gaps is prerequisite to a preventive approach to generating and managing hazardous waste sites.</p>\n<p><b>Conclusions</b> A need exists for a carefully considered and orchestrated expansion of programmatic and research efforts to identify, evaluate, and manage CECs of hazardous waste site relevance, including developing an evolving list of priority CECs, intensifying the identification and monitoring of likely sites of present or future accumulation of CECs, and implementing efforts that focus on a holistic approach to prevention.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","doi":"10.1289/ehp.1002497","usgsCitation":"Ela, W.P., Sedlak, D.L., Barlaz, M.A., Henry, H.F., Muir, D.C., Swackhamer, D.L., Weber, E.J., Arnold, R.G., Ferguson, P.L., Field, J.A., Furlong, E.T., Giesy, J.P., Halden, R.U., Henry, T., Hites, R., Hornbuckle, K.C., Howard, P.H., Luthy, R.G., Meyer, A.K., Saez, A.E., vom Saal, F., Vulpe, C.D., and Wiesner, M.R., 2011, Towards identifying the next generation of superfund and hazardous waste site contaminants: Environmental Health Perspectives, v. 119, no. 1, p. 6-10, https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1002497.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"6","endPage":"10","costCenters":[{"id":140,"text":"Branch of Analytical Serv (National Water Quality Laboratory)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474781,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1002497","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":204593,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"119","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb5bfe4b08c986b32688f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ela, Wendell P.","contributorId":96543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ela","given":"Wendell","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sedlak, David L.","contributorId":20613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sedlak","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barlaz, Morton A.","contributorId":68174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barlaz","given":"Morton","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Henry, Heather F.","contributorId":18231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henry","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Muir, Derek C.G.","contributorId":68679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muir","given":"Derek","email":"","middleInitial":"C.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Swackhamer, Deborah L.","contributorId":96544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swackhamer","given":"Deborah","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Weber, Eric J.","contributorId":93345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weber","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Arnold, Robert G.","contributorId":95336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arnold","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Ferguson, P. Lee","contributorId":24236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferguson","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"Lee","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Field, Jennifer A.","contributorId":18632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Field","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Furlong, Edward T. 0000-0002-7305-4603 efurlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7305-4603","contributorId":740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Furlong","given":"Edward","email":"efurlong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":5046,"text":"Branch of Analytical Serv (NWQL)","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":347779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Giesy, John P.","contributorId":57426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giesy","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Halden, Rolf U.","contributorId":73865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halden","given":"Rolf","email":"","middleInitial":"U.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Henry, Tala","contributorId":54859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henry","given":"Tala","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6914,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":347787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Hites, Ronald A.","contributorId":97056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hites","given":"Ronald A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Hornbuckle, Keri C.","contributorId":48040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hornbuckle","given":"Keri","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Howard, Philip H.","contributorId":73881,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Luthy, Richard G.","contributorId":99280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luthy","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Meyer, Anita K.","contributorId":29275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"Anita","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Saez, A. Eduardo","contributorId":55696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saez","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"Eduardo","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"vom Saal, Frederick S.","contributorId":17488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"vom Saal","given":"Frederick S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Vulpe, Chris D.","contributorId":79366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vulpe","given":"Chris","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Wiesner, Mark R.","contributorId":104777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiesner","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23}]}}
,{"id":70007093,"text":"sir20115226 - 2011 - Effects of brush management on the hydrologic budget and water quality in and adjacent to Honey Creek State Natural Area, Comal County, Texas, 2001-10","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-11T15:15:12","indexId":"sir20115226","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-09T08:46:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5226","title":"Effects of brush management on the hydrologic budget and water quality in and adjacent to Honey Creek State Natural Area, Comal County, Texas, 2001-10","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service, the Edwards Region Grazing Lands Conservation Initiative, the Texas State Soil and Water Conservation Board, the San Antonio River Authority, the Edwards Aquifer Authority, Texas Parks and Wildlife, the Guadalupe Blanco River Authority, and the San Antonio Water System, evaluated the hydrologic effects of ashe juniper (<i>Juniperus ashei</i>) removal as a brush management conservation practice in and adjacent to the Honey Creek State Natural Area in Comal County, Tex. By removing the ashe juniper and allowing native grasses to reestablish in the area as a brush management conservation practice, the hydrology in the watershed might change. Using a simplified mass balance approach of the hydrologic cycle, the incoming rainfall was distributed to surface water runoff, evapotranspiration, or groundwater recharge. After hydrologic data were collected in adjacent watersheds for 3 years, brush management occurred on the treatment watershed while the reference watershed was left in its original condition. Hydrologic data were collected for another 6 years. Hydrologic data include rainfall, streamflow, evapotranspiration, and water quality. Groundwater recharge was not directly measured but potential groundwater recharge was calculated using a simplified mass balance approach. The resulting hydrologic datasets were examined for differences between the watersheds and between pre- and post-treatment periods to assess the effects of brush management. The streamflow to rainfall relation (expressed as event unit runoff to event rainfall relation) did not change between the watersheds during pre- and post-treatment periods. The daily evapotranspiration rates at the reference watershed and treatment watershed sites exhibited a seasonal cycle during the pre- and post-treatment periods, with intra- and interannual variability. Statistical analyses indicate the mean difference in daily evapotranspiration rates between the two watershed sites is greater during the post-treatment than the pre-treatment period. Average annual rainfall, streamflow, evapotranspiration, and potential groundwater-recharge conditions were incorporated into a single hydrologic budget (expressed as a percentage of the average annual rainfall) applied to each watershed before and after treatment to evaluate the effects of brush management. During the post-treatment period, the percent average annual unit runoff in the reference watershed was similar to that in the treatment watershed, however, the difference in percentages of average annual evapotranspiration and potential groundwater recharge were more appreciable between the reference and treatment watersheds than during the pre-treatment period. Using graphical comparisons, no notable differences in major ion or nutrient concentrations were found between samples collected at the reference watershed (site 1C) and treatment watershed (site 2C) during pre- and post-treatment periods. Suspended-sediment loads were calculated from samples collected at sites 1C and 2T. The relation between suspended-sediment loads and streamflow calculated from samples collected from sites 1C and 2T did not exhibit a statistically significant difference during the pre-treatment period, whereas during the post-treatment period, relation between suspended-sediment loads and streamflow did exhibit a statistically significant difference. The suspended-sediment load to streamflow relations indicate that for the same streamflow, the suspended-sediment loads calculated from site 2T were generally less than suspended-sediment loads calculated from site 1C during the post-treatment period.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115226","collaboration":"In cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service, the Edwards Region Grazing Lands Conservation Initiative, the Texas State Soil and Water Conservation Board, the San Antonio River Authority, the Edwards Aquifer Authority, Texas Parks and Wildlife, the Guadalupe Blanco River Authority, and the San Antonio Water System","usgsCitation":"Banta, J., and Slattery, R.N., 2011, Effects of brush management on the hydrologic budget and water quality in and adjacent to Honey Creek State Natural Area, Comal County, Texas, 2001-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5226, viii, 35 p.; Appendices Downloads, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115226.","productDescription":"viii, 35 p.; Appendices Downloads","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2001-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116765,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5226.gif"},{"id":112435,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5226/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Comal","otherGeospatial":"Honey Creek State Natural Area","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -98.96666666666667,29.083333333333332 ], [ -98.96666666666667,30.166666666666668 ], [ -98,30.166666666666668 ], [ -98,29.083333333333332 ], [ -98.96666666666667,29.083333333333332 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a069de4b0c8380cd5132c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Banta, J. Ryan 0000-0002-2226-7270","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2226-7270","contributorId":78863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banta","given":"J. Ryan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Slattery, Richard N. 0000-0002-9141-9776 rnslatte@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9141-9776","contributorId":2471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slattery","given":"Richard","email":"rnslatte@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70007120,"text":"70007120 - 2011 - Nest survival of American Coots relative to grazing, burning, and water depths","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-31T13:42:01","indexId":"70007120","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-08T09:58:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":947,"text":"Avian Conservation and Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nest survival of American Coots relative to grazing, burning, and water depths","docAbstract":"<p><span>Water and emergent vegetation are key features influencing nest site selection and success for many marsh-nesting waterbirds. Wetland management practices such as grazing, burning, and water-level manipulations directly affect these features and can influence nest survival. We used model selection and before-after-control-impact approaches to evaluate the effects of water depth and four common land-management practices or treatments, i.e., summer grazing, fall grazing, fall burning, and idle (no active treatment) on nest survival of American coots (</span><i>Fulica americana</i><span>) nesting at Grays Lake, a large montane wetland in southeast Idaho. The best model included the variables year × treatment, and quadratic functions of date, water depth, and nest age; height of vegetation at the nest did not improve the best model. However, results from the before-after-control-impact analysis indicate that management practices affected nest success via vegetation and involved interactions of hydrology, residual vegetation, and habitat composition. Nest success in idled fields changed little between pre- and post-treatment periods, whereas nest success declined in fields that were grazed or burned, with the most dramatic declines the year following treatments. The importance of water depth may be amplified in this wetland system because of rapid water-level withdrawal during the nesting season. Water and land-use values for area ranchers, management for nesting waterbirds, and long-term wetland function are important considerations in management of water levels and vegetation.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Avian Conservation and Ecology","doi":"10.5751/ACE-00472-060201","usgsCitation":"Austin, J., and Buhl, D., 2011, Nest survival of American Coots relative to grazing, burning, and water depths: Avian Conservation and Ecology, v. 6, no. 2, p. 1-14, https://doi.org/10.5751/ACE-00472-060201.","productDescription":"Article 1; 14 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"14","onlineOnly":"N","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474786,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5751/ace-00472-060201","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":204353,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -111.49818420410156,\n              42.98857645832184\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.49818420410156,\n              43.14258116631987\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.37733459472656,\n              43.14258116631987\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.37733459472656,\n              42.98857645832184\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.49818420410156,\n              42.98857645832184\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"6","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a64a3e4b0c8380cd72a07","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Austin, Jane E.","contributorId":43094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Austin","given":"Jane E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Buhl, Deborah A. 0000-0002-8563-5990","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8563-5990","contributorId":26250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buhl","given":"Deborah A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70007076,"text":"sir20115164 - 2011 - Pathogenic bacteria and microbial-source tracking markers in Brandywine Creek Basin, Pennsylvania and Delaware, 2009-10","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-19T09:18:06","indexId":"sir20115164","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5164","title":"Pathogenic bacteria and microbial-source tracking markers in Brandywine Creek Basin, Pennsylvania and Delaware, 2009-10","docAbstract":"The City of Wilmington, Delaware, is in the downstream part of the Brandywine Creek Basin, on the main stem of Brandywine Creek. Wilmington uses this stream, which drains a mixed-land-use area upstream, for its main drinking-water supply. Because the stream is used for drinking water, Wilmington is in need of information about the occurrence and distribution of specific fecally derived pathogenic bacteria (disease-causing bacteria) and their relations to commonly measured fecal-indicator bacteria (FIB), as well as information regarding the potential sources of the fecal pollution and pathogens in the basin. This study focused on five routinely sampled sites within the basin, one each on the West Branch and the East Branch of Brandywine Creek and at three on the main stem below the confluence of the West and East Branches. These sites were sampled monthly for 1 year. Targeted event samples were collected on two occasions during high flow and two occasions during normal flow. On the basis of this study, high flows in the Brandywine Creek Basin were related to increases in FIB densities, and in the frequency of selected pathogen and source markers, in the West Branch and main stem of Brandywine Creek, but not in the East Branch. Water exceeding the moderate fullbody-contact single-sample recreational water-quality criteria (RWQC) for <em>Escherichia coli (E. coli)</em> was more likely to contain selected markers for pathogenic <em>E. coli</em> (<em>eaeA</em>,<em>stx</em><sub>1</sub>, and <em>rfb</em><sub>O157</sub> gene markers) and bovine fecal sources (<em>E. hirae</em> and LTIIa gene markers), whereas samples exceeding the enterococci RWQC were more likely to contain the same pathogenic markers but also were more likely to carry a marker indicative of human source (<em>esp</em> gene marker). On four sample dates, during high flow between October and March, the West Branch was the only observed potential contributor of selected pathogen and bovine source markers to the main stem of Brandywine Creek. Indeed, the <em>stx</em><sub>2</sub> marker, which indicates a highly virulent type of pathogenic <em>E. coli</em>, was found only in the West Branch and main stem at high flow but was not found in the East Branch under similar conditions. However, it must be noted that throughout the entire year of sampling there were occasions, during both high and normal flows, when both the East and West Branches were potential contributors of pathogen and microbial-source tracking markers to the main stem. Therefore, this study indicates that under selected conditions (high flow, October through March), West Branch Brandywine Creek Basin was the most likely source of elevated FIB densities in the main stem. These elevated densities are associated with more frequent detection of selected pathogenic <em>E. coli</em> markers (<em>rfb</em><sub>O157</sub> <em>stx</em><sub>1</sub>) and are associated with MST markers of bovine source. However, during other times of the year, both the West Branch and East Branch Basins are acting as potential sources of FIB and fecally derived pathogens.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115164","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Wilmington, Delaware","usgsCitation":"Duris, J.W., Reif, A.G., Olson, L.E., and Johnson, H., 2011, Pathogenic bacteria and microbial-source tracking markers in Brandywine Creek Basin, Pennsylvania and Delaware, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5164, vi, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115164.","productDescription":"vi, 22 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116340,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5164.jpg"},{"id":112426,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5164/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania, Delaware","otherGeospatial":"Brandywine Creek Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -76,39.666666666666664 ], [ -76,40.166666666666664 ], [ -75.5,40.166666666666664 ], [ -75.5,39.666666666666664 ], [ -76,39.666666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7597e4b0c8380cd77c26","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Duris, Joseph W. 0000-0002-8669-8109 jwduris@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8669-8109","contributorId":1981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duris","given":"Joseph","email":"jwduris@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":355783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reif, Andrew G. 0000-0002-5054-5207 agreif@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5054-5207","contributorId":2632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reif","given":"Andrew","email":"agreif@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Olson, Leif E. leolson@usgs.gov","contributorId":2108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"Leif","email":"leolson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":355784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, Heather E.","contributorId":207837,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Heather E.","affiliations":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":12456,"text":"former USGS scientist","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":744846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70171021,"text":"70171021 - 2011 - Potential climate change effects on water tables and pyrite oxidation in headwater catchments in Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-17T12:03:16","indexId":"70171021","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-02T01:15:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Potential climate change effects on water tables and pyrite oxidation in headwater catchments in Colorado","docAbstract":"<p>A water, energy, and biogeochemical model (WEBMOD) was constructed to simulate hydrology and pyrite oxidation for the period October 1992 through September 1997. The hydrologic model simulates processes in Loch Vale, a 6.6-km&sup2; granitic watershed that drains the east side of the Continental Divide. Parameters describing pyrite oxidation were derived sulfate concentrations measured in pore water and stream water in Handcart Gulch, a naturally acidic watershed in the Colorado Mineral Belt. Average monthly differences in precipitation and temperature between current and future climates, as predicted by using six global circulation models and three carbondioxide emission scenarios, were input into WEBMOD to identify possible shifts in the quantity and quality of the water flowing from the watershed for the period 2005 through 2100. Initial results suggest that increased air temperatures will result in earlier snowmelt compared to current conditions. Average sulfate concentrations and acidity in streams draining hydrothermally altered terrain may decrease as water tables rise in response to greater overall precipitation and earlier snowmelt, although a net increase of sulfate load was simulated as a result of greater overall discharge. Evapotranspiration is expected to increase but not enough to offset the increase in precipitation.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Observing, studying, and managing for change - Proceedings of the Fourth Interagency Conference on Research in the Watersheds: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011–5169","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"conferenceTitle":"The Fourth Interagency Conference on Research in the Watersheds","conferenceDate":"September 26-30, 2011","conferenceLocation":"Fairbanks, AK","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Webb, R.M., Mast, M.A., Manning, A.H., Clow, D.W., and Campbell, D.H., 2011, Potential climate change effects on water tables and pyrite oxidation in headwater catchments in Colorado, <i>in</i> Observing, studying, and managing for change - Proceedings of the Fourth Interagency Conference on Research in the Watersheds: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011–5169, Fairbanks, AK, September 26-30, 2011, p. 23-33.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"23","endPage":"33","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-032633","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321302,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":321301,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5169/SIR11-5169_508_Session-1B.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.95 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":321311,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5169/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Handcart Gulch, Loch Vale","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -106.5234375,\n              39.232253141714885\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.5234375,\n              40.95501133048621\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.0677490234375,\n              40.95501133048621\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.0677490234375,\n              39.232253141714885\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.5234375,\n              39.232253141714885\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574d65fde4b07e28b6684a21","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Medley, C. Nicholas","contributorId":146966,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Medley","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Nicholas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":629579,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Patterson, Glenn","contributorId":86476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patterson","given":"Glenn","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":629580,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parker, Melanie J. mparker@usgs.gov","contributorId":670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"Melanie","email":"mparker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":629581,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Webb, Richard M. 0000-0001-9531-2207 rmwebb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9531-2207","contributorId":1570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"Richard","email":"rmwebb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":629569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mast, M. Alisa 0000-0001-6253-8162 mamast@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6253-8162","contributorId":827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mast","given":"M.","email":"mamast@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Alisa","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":629568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Manning, Andrew H. 0000-0002-6404-1237 amanning@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6404-1237","contributorId":1305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manning","given":"Andrew","email":"amanning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":629565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Clow, David W. 0000-0001-6183-4824 dwclow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6183-4824","contributorId":1671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clow","given":"David","email":"dwclow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":629567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Campbell, Donald H. dhcampbe@usgs.gov","contributorId":1670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"Donald","email":"dhcampbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":629566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70038925,"text":"70038925 - 2011 - Editor’s message: Groundwater modeling fantasies - Part 2, down to earth","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-11T10:31:11","indexId":"70038925","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T18:40:55","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Editor’s message: Groundwater modeling fantasies - Part 2, down to earth","docAbstract":"<p class=\"Para\"><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Simplicity is the final achievement. After one has played a vast quantity of notes and more notes, it is simplicity that emerges as the crowning reward of art.</i><span>&nbsp;</span>(Frédéric Chopin, a musician and composer, quoted in<span>&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">If Not God, Then What?</i><span>&nbsp;</span>by Fost<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"CitationRef\">2007</span>)</p><p class=\"Para\">Despite the dubious developments discussed in part 1 of this Editor’s Message (Voss<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"CitationRef\">2011</span>), groundwater modeling really does represent the state of the art in hydrogeology, and groundwater modeling is in fact one of our most powerful tools for enhancing hydrogeologic understanding and for informing management of subsurface resources, at least when in the hands of competent hydrologists.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10040-011-0790-6","usgsCitation":"Voss, C.I., 2011, Editor’s message: Groundwater modeling fantasies - Part 2, down to earth: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 19, no. 8, p. 1455-1458, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-011-0790-6.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1455","endPage":"1458","costCenters":[{"id":148,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Western Region","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474790,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-011-0790-6","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":258184,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-11-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a05aae4b0c8380cd50eca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Voss, Clifford I. 0000-0001-5923-2752 cvoss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5923-2752","contributorId":1559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voss","given":"Clifford","email":"cvoss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70005417,"text":"70005417 - 2011 - Editor’s message: Groundwater modeling fantasies - Part 1, adrift in the details","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-11T10:28:19","indexId":"70005417","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T18:32:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Editor’s message: Groundwater modeling fantasies - Part 1, adrift in the details","docAbstract":"<div class=\"Para\"><blockquote class=\"BlockQuote\"><p class=\"Para\"><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Fools ignore complexity. Pragmatists suffer it. Some can avoid it. Geniuses remove it. …Simplicity does not precede complexity, but follows it.</i><span>&nbsp;</span>(<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Epigrams in Programming</i><span>&nbsp;</span>by Alan Perlis, a computer scientist; Perlis<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"CitationRef\">1982</span>).</p></blockquote></div><p class=\"Para\">A doctoral student creating a groundwater model of a regional aquifer put individual circular regions around data points where he had hydraulic head measurements, so that each region’s parameter values could be adjusted to get perfect fit with the measurement at that point. Nearly every measurement point had its own parameter-value region. After calibration, the student was satisfied because his model correctly reproduced all of his data. Did he really get the true field values of parameters in this manner? Did this approach result in a realistic, meaningful and useful groundwater model?—truly doubtful. Is this story a sign of a common style of educating hydrogeology students these days? Where this is the case, major changes are needed to add back ‘common-sense hydrogeology’ to the curriculum. Worse, this type of modeling approach has become an industry trend in application of groundwater models to real systems, encouraged by the advent of automatic model calibration software that has no problem providing numbers for as many parameter value estimates as desired. Just because a computer program can easily create such values does not mean that they are in any sense useful—but unquestioning practitioners are happy to follow such software developments, perhaps because of an implied promise that highly parameterized models, here referred to as ‘complex’, are somehow superior. This and other fallacies are implicit in groundwater modeling studies, most usually not acknowledged when presenting results. This two-part Editor’s Message deals with the state of groundwater modeling: part 1 (here) focuses on problems and part 2 (Voss<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"CitationRef\">2011</span>) on prospects.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10040-011-0789-z","usgsCitation":"Voss, C.I., 2011, Editor’s message: Groundwater modeling fantasies - Part 1, adrift in the details: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 19, no. 7, p. 1281-1284, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-011-0789-z.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1281","endPage":"1284","costCenters":[{"id":148,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Western Region","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474791,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-011-0789-z","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":258182,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-10-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a05a9e4b0c8380cd50ec7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Voss, Clifford I. 0000-0001-5923-2752 cvoss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5923-2752","contributorId":1559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voss","given":"Clifford","email":"cvoss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":352443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70038921,"text":"70038921 - 2011 - Quality of our groundwater resources: Arsenic and fluoride","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-21T08:24:17","indexId":"70038921","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T17:36:06","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1816,"text":"Geosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quality of our groundwater resources: Arsenic and fluoride","docAbstract":"Groundwater often contains arsenic or fluoride concentrations too high for drinking or cooking. These constituents, often naturally occurring, are not easy to remove. The right combination of natural or manmade conditions can lead to elevated arsenic or fluoride which includes continental source rocks, high alkalinity and pH, reducing conditions for arsenic, high phosphate, high temperature and high silica. Agencies responsible for safe drinking water should be aware of these conditions, be prepared to monitor, and treat if necessary.","language":"English","publisher":"BRGM","usgsCitation":"Nordstrom, D.K., 2011, Quality of our groundwater resources: Arsenic and fluoride: Geosciences, v. 13, p. 82-87.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"82","endPage":"87","costCenters":[{"id":145,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Central Region","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258183,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a90bfe4b0c8380cd7fef3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":465251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70006173,"text":"70006173 - 2011 - The human dimension of fire regimes on Earth","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-30T11:53:48.626617","indexId":"70006173","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T16:11:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2193,"text":"Journal of Biogeography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The human dimension of fire regimes on Earth","docAbstract":"<p><span>Humans and their ancestors are unique in being a fire‐making species, but ‘natural’ (i.e. independent of humans) fires have an ancient, geological history on Earth. Natural fires have influenced biological evolution and global biogeochemical cycles, making fire integral to the functioning of some biomes. Globally, debate rages about the impact on ecosystems of prehistoric human‐set fires, with views ranging from catastrophic to negligible. Understanding of the diversity of human fire regimes on Earth in the past, present and future remains rudimentary. It remains uncertain how humans have caused a departure from ‘natural’ background levels that vary with climate change. Available evidence shows that modern humans can increase or decrease background levels of natural fire activity by clearing forests, promoting grazing, dispersing plants, altering ignition patterns and actively suppressing fires, thereby causing substantial ecosystem changes and loss of biodiversity. Some of these contemporary fire regimes cause substantial economic disruptions owing to the destruction of infrastructure, degradation of ecosystem services, loss of life, and smoke‐related health effects. These episodic disasters help frame negative public attitudes towards landscape fires, despite the need for burning to sustain some ecosystems. Greenhouse gas‐induced warming and changes in the hydrological cycle may increase the occurrence of large, severe fires, with potentially significant feedbacks to the Earth system. Improved understanding of human fire regimes demands: (1) better data on past and current human influences on fire regimes to enable global comparative analyses, (2) a greater understanding of different cultural traditions of landscape burning and their positive and negative social, economic and ecological effects, and (3) more realistic representations of anthropogenic fire in global vegetation and climate change models. We provide an historical framework to promote understanding of the development and diversification of fire regimes, covering the pre‐human period, human domestication of fire, and the subsequent transition from subsistence agriculture to industrial economies. All of these phases still occur on Earth, providing opportunities for comparative research.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2699.2011.02595.x","usgsCitation":"Bowman, D.M., Balch, J., Artaxo, P., Bond, W.J., Cochrane, M.A., D'Antonio, C., Johnston, F.H., DeFries, R., Keeley, J.E., Krawchuk, M.A., Kull, C.A., Mack, M., Moritz, M., Pyne, S., Roos, C.I., Scott, A.C., Sodhi, N.S., and Swetnam, T., 2011, The human dimension of fire regimes on Earth: Journal of Biogeography, v. 38, no. 12, p. 2223-2236, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2011.02595.x.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"2223","endPage":"2236","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474794,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2011.02595.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":204266,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-09-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bacc0e4b08c986b3236fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bowman, David M. J. S.","contributorId":26803,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bowman","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"M. J. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Balch, Jennifer","contributorId":70532,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Balch","given":"Jennifer","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Artaxo, Paulo","contributorId":10540,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Artaxo","given":"Paulo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bond, William J.","contributorId":81621,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bond","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cochrane, Mark A.","contributorId":20884,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cochrane","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"D'Antonio, Carla M.","contributorId":27992,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"D'Antonio","given":"Carla M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Johnston, Fay H.","contributorId":64377,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnston","given":"Fay","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"DeFries, Ruth","contributorId":84064,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeFries","given":"Ruth","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Keeley, Jon E. 0000-0002-4564-6521 jon_keeley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":1268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon","email":"jon_keeley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":353991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Krawchuk, Meg A.","contributorId":13366,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krawchuk","given":"Meg","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Kull, Christian A.","contributorId":14941,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kull","given":"Christian","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Mack, Michelle","contributorId":98031,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mack","given":"Michelle","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Moritz, Max A.","contributorId":57586,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moritz","given":"Max A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Pyne, Stephen","contributorId":61145,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pyne","given":"Stephen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Roos, Christopher I.","contributorId":51009,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roos","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Scott, Andrew C.","contributorId":43487,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scott","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Sodhi, Navjot S.","contributorId":64788,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sodhi","given":"Navjot","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Swetnam, Thomas W.","contributorId":90455,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Swetnam","given":"Thomas W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18}]}}
,{"id":70003612,"text":"70003612 - 2011 - Differences in macroinvertebrate community structure in streams and rivers with different hydrologic regimes in the semi-arid Colorado Plateau","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-04T13:52:29","indexId":"70003612","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T15:45:27","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3302,"text":"River Systems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Differences in macroinvertebrate community structure in streams and rivers with different hydrologic regimes in the semi-arid Colorado Plateau","docAbstract":"<p><span>Aquatic macroinvertebrates are sensitive to changes in their chemical and physical environment, and as such, serve as excellent indicators of overall ecosystem health. Moreover, temporal and spatial differences in macroinvertebrate community structure can be used to investigate broad issues in aquatic science, such as the hypothesis that changes in climate are likely to have disproportionately large effects on small, intermittent stream ecosystems. We quantified macroinvertebrate community structure and abiotic conditions at ten stream sites with different dominant hydrologic regimes in the Colorado Plateau, ranging from small, intermittent desert streams to large perennial mountain rivers. Considerable differences were observed in community structure between sites with differing hydrologic regimes. Quantitative results of non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordination and Spearman rank correlations between physical habitat and macroinvertebrate resemblance matrices indicate that discharge, geomorphic channel unit type (% pools vs. % riffles), percent of substrate composed of sand, and velocity were the subset of measured habitat variables that best explained the differences in macroinvertebrate community structure among sites. Of the 134 taxa identified, nine taxa explained 95 % of the variability in community structure between sites. These results add to a growing base of knowledge regarding the functioning of lotic ecosystems in the Colorado Plateau, and provide timely information on anticipated changes in the structure and function of aquatic ecosystems in response to predicted future environmental conditions.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"E. Schweizerbartsche Verlagsbuchhandlung","publisherLocation":"Stuttgart, Germany","doi":"10.1127/1868-5749/2011/019-0017","usgsCitation":"Miller, M.P., and Brasher, A., 2011, Differences in macroinvertebrate community structure in streams and rivers with different hydrologic regimes in the semi-arid Colorado Plateau: River Systems, v. 19, no. 3, p. 225-238, https://doi.org/10.1127/1868-5749/2011/019-0017.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"225","endPage":"238","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257397,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Colorado Plateau","volume":"19","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a00efe4b0c8380cd4f9d3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Matthew P. 0000-0002-2537-1823 mamiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2537-1823","contributorId":3919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Matthew","email":"mamiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":347954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brasher, Anne M.D.","contributorId":33686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brasher","given":"Anne M.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70038688,"text":"70038688 - 2011 - A multi-year comparison of IPCI scores for prairie pothole wetlands: implications of temporal and spatial variation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-20T10:14:08","indexId":"70038688","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T14:26:19","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A multi-year comparison of IPCI scores for prairie pothole wetlands: implications of temporal and spatial variation","docAbstract":"In the prairie pothole region of North America, development of Indices of Biotic Integrity (IBIs) to detect anthropogenic impacts on wetlands has been hampered by naturally dynamic inter-annual climate fluctuations. Of multiple efforts to develop IBIs for prairie pothole wetlands, only one, the Index of Plant Community Integrity (IPCI), has reported success. We evaluated the IPCI and its ability to distinguish between natural and anthropogenic variation using plant community data collected from 16 wetlands over a 4-year-period. We found that under constant anthropogenic influence, IPCI metric scores and condition ratings varied annually in response to environmental variation driven primarily by natural climate variation. Artificially forcing wetlands that occur along continuous hydrologic gradients into a limited number of discrete classes (e.g., temporary, seasonal, and semi-permanent) further confounded the utility of IPCI metrics. Because IPCI scores vary significantly due to natural climate dynamics as well as human impacts, methodology must be developed that adequately partitions natural and anthropogenically induced variation along continuous hydrologic gradients. Until such methodology is developed, the use of the IPCI to evaluate prairie pothole wetlands creates potential for misdirected corrective or regulatory actions, impairment of natural wetland functional processes, and erosion of public confidence in the wetland sciences.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s13157-011-0187-2","usgsCitation":"Euliss, N.H., and Mushet, D.M., 2011, A multi-year comparison of IPCI scores for prairie pothole wetlands: implications of temporal and spatial variation: Wetlands, v. 31, no. 4, p. 713-723, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-011-0187-2.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"713","endPage":"723","ipdsId":"IP-025195","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257597,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":257592,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13157-011-0187-2","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"31","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e48ce4b0c8380cd466f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Euliss, Ned H. Jr. ceuliss@usgs.gov","contributorId":2916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Euliss","given":"Ned","suffix":"Jr.","email":"ceuliss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mushet, David M. 0000-0002-5910-2744 dmushet@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5910-2744","contributorId":1299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mushet","given":"David","email":"dmushet@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70005650,"text":"70005650 - 2011 - Carbon gas fluxes in re-established wetlands on organic soils differ relative to plant community and hydrology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-06-14T01:01:39","indexId":"70005650","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T14:19:32","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Carbon gas fluxes in re-established wetlands on organic soils differ relative to plant community and hydrology","docAbstract":"We measured CO<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> fluxes for 6 years following permanent flooding of an agriculturally managed organic soil at two water depths (~25 and ~55 cm standing water) in the Sacramento&ndash;San Joaquin Delta, California, as part of research studying C dynamics in re-established wetlands. Flooding rapidly reduced gaseous C losses, and radiocarbon data showed that this, in part, was due to reduced oxidation of \"old\" C preserved in the organic soils. Both CO<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> emissions from the water surface increased during the first few growing seasons, concomitant with emergent marsh establishment, and thereafter appeared to stabilize according to plant communities. Areas of emergent marsh vegetation in the shallower wetland had greater net CO<sub>2</sub> influx (-485 mg Cm<sup>-1</sup> h<sup>-1</sup>), and lower CH<sub>4</sub> emissions (11.5 mg Cm<sup>-2</sup> h<sup>-1<sup>), than in the deeper wetland (-381 and 14.1 mg Cm<sup>-2</sup> h<sup>-1<sup>, respectively). Areas with submerged and floating vegetation in the deeper wetland had CH<sub>4</sub> emissions similar to emergent vegetation (11.9 and 12.6 mg Cm<sup>-2</sup> h<sup>-1<sup>, respectively), despite lower net CO<sub>2</sub> influx (-102 gC m<sup>-2</sup> h<sup>-1<sup>). Measurements of plant moderated net CO<sub>2</sub> influx and CH<sub>4</sub> efflux indicated greatest potential reduction of greenhouse gases in the more shallowly flooded wetland.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wetlands","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s13157-011-0215-2","usgsCitation":"Miller, R., 2011, Carbon gas fluxes in re-established wetlands on organic soils differ relative to plant community and hydrology: Wetlands, v. 31, no. 6, p. 1055-1066, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-011-0215-2.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1055","endPage":"1066","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257572,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":257553,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13157-011-0215-2","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta","volume":"31","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f364e4b0c8380cd4b790","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Robin L. romiller@usgs.gov","contributorId":887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Robin L.","email":"romiller@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":353006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70038904,"text":"70038904 - 2011 - Role of biofilms in sorptive removal of steroidal hormones and 4-nonylphenol compounds from streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-14T08:02:34","indexId":"70038904","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T12:40:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Role of biofilms in sorptive removal of steroidal hormones and 4-nonylphenol compounds from streams","docAbstract":"<p><span>Stream biofilms play an important role in geochemical processing of organic matter and nutrients, however, the significance of this matrix in sorbing trace organic contaminants is less understood. This study focused on the role of stream biofilms in sorbing steroidal hormones and 4-nonylphenol compounds from surface waters using biofilms colonized in situ on artificial substrata and subsequently transferred to the laboratory for controlled batch sorption experiments. Steroidal hormones and 4-nonylphenol compounds readily sorb to stream biofilms as indicated by organic matter partition coefficients (</span><i>K</i><sub>om</sub><span>, L kg</span><sup>–1</sup><span>) for 17β-estradiol (10</span><sup>2.5–2.8</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>L kg</span><sup>–1</sup><span>), 17α-ethynylestradiol (10</span><sup>2.5–2.9</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>L kg</span><sup>–1</sup><span>), 4-nonylphenol (10</span><sup>3.4–4.6</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>L kg</span><sup>–1</sup><span>), 4-nonylphenolmonoethoxylate (10</span><sup>3.5–4.0</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>L kg</span><sup>–1</sup><span>), and 4-nonylphenoldiethoxylate (10</span><sup>3.9–4.3</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>L kg</span><sup>–1</sup><span>). Experiments using water quality differences to induce changes in the relative composition of periphyton and heterotrophic bacteria in the stream biofilm did not significantly affect the sorptive properties of the stream biofilm, providing additional evidence that stream biofilms will sorb trace organic compounds under of variety of environmental conditions. Because sorption of the target compounds to stream biofilms was linearly correlated with organic matter content, hydrophobic partition into organic matter appears to be the dominant mechanism. An analysis of 17β-estradiol and 4-nonylphenol hydrophobic partition into water, biofilm, sediment, and dissolved organic matter matrices at mass/volume ratios typical of smaller rivers showed that the relative importance of the stream biofilm as a sorptive matrix was comparable to bed sediments. Therefore, stream biofilms play a primary role in attenuating these compounds in surface waters. Because the stream biofilm represents the base of the stream ecosystem, accumulation of steroidal hormones and 4-nonylphenol compounds in the stream biofilm may be an exposure pathway for organisms in higher trophic levels.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/es2008038","usgsCitation":"Writer, J.H., Ryan, J.N., and Barber, L.B., 2011, Role of biofilms in sorptive removal of steroidal hormones and 4-nonylphenol compounds from streams: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 45, no. 17, p. 7275-7283, https://doi.org/10.1021/es2008038.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"7275","endPage":"7283","costCenters":[{"id":145,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Central Region","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258150,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aae44e4b0c8380cd87067","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Writer, Jeffrey H. jwriter@usgs.gov","contributorId":1393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Writer","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jwriter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":465213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ryan, Joseph N.","contributorId":54290,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ryan","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":604,"text":"University of Colorado- Boulder","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":465214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barber, Larry B. 0000-0002-0561-0831 lbbarber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0561-0831","contributorId":921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"Larry","email":"lbbarber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70113267,"text":"70113267 - 2011 - Response in the trophic state of stratified lakes to changes in hydrology and water level: potential effects of climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-21T14:56:14","indexId":"70113267","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T11:56:04","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2502,"text":"Journal of Water and Climate Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response in the trophic state of stratified lakes to changes in hydrology and water level: potential effects of climate change","docAbstract":"To determine how climate-induced changes in hydrology and water level may affect the trophic state (productivity) of stratified lakes, two relatively pristine dimictic temperate lakes in Wisconsin, USA, were examined. Both are closed-basin lakes that experience changes in water level and degradation in water quality during periods of high water. One, a seepage lake with no inlets or outlets, has a small drainage basin and hydrology dominated by precipitation and groundwater exchange causing small changes in water and phosphorus (P) loading, which resulted in small changes in water level, P concentrations, and productivity. The other, a terminal lake with inlets but no outlets, has a large drainage basin and hydrology dominated by runoff causing large changes in water and P loading, which resulted in large changes in water level, P concentrations, and productivity. Eutrophication models accurately predicted the effects of changes in hydrology, P loading, and water level on their trophic state. If climate changes, larger changes in hydrology and water levels than previously observed could occur. If this causes increased water and P loading, stratified (dimictic and monomictic) lakes are expected to experience higher water levels and become more eutrophic, especially those with large developed drainage basins.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Water and Climate Change","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"IWA Publishing","publisherLocation":"London","doi":"10.2166/wcc.2011.0026","usgsCitation":"Robertson, D.M., and Rose, W., 2011, Response in the trophic state of stratified lakes to changes in hydrology and water level: potential effects of climate change: Journal of Water and Climate Change, v. 2, no. 1, p. 1-18, https://doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2011.0026.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"18","ipdsId":"IP-016461","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":288910,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288907,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2011.0026"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -92.89,42.49 ], [ -92.89,47.08 ], [ -86.76,47.08 ], [ -86.76,42.49 ], [ -92.89,42.49 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"2","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae7816e4b0abf75cf2c954","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robertson, Dale M. 0000-0001-6799-0596 dzrobert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6799-0596","contributorId":150760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robertson","given":"Dale","email":"dzrobert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rose, William J. wjrose@usgs.gov","contributorId":2182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"William J.","email":"wjrose@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":495032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70003949,"text":"70003949 - 2011 - Chronology, sedimentology, and microfauna of groundwater discharge deposits in the central Mojave Desert, Valley Wells, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-18T16:51:10.287825","indexId":"70003949","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T11:40:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chronology, sedimentology, and microfauna of groundwater discharge deposits in the central Mojave Desert, Valley Wells, California","docAbstract":"<p><span>During the late Pleistocene, emergent groundwater supported persistent and long-lived desert wetlands in many broad valleys and basins in the American Southwest. When active, these systems provided important food and water sources for local fauna, supported hydrophilic and phreatophytic vegetation, and acted as catchments for eolian and alluvial sediments. Desert wetlands are represented in the geologic record by groundwater discharge deposits, which are also called spring or wetland deposits. Groundwater discharge deposits contain information on the timing and magnitude of past changes in water-table levels and, thus, are a source of paleohydrologic and paleoclimatic information. Here, we present the results of an investigation of extensive groundwater discharge deposits in the central Mojave Desert at Valley Wells, California. We used geologic mapping and stratigraphic relations to identify two distinct wetland sequences at Valley Wells, which we dated using radiocarbon, luminescence, and uranium-series techniques. We also analyzed the sediments and microfauna (ostracodes and gastropods) to reconstruct the specific environments in which they formed. Our results suggest that the earliest episode of high water-table conditions at Valley Wells began ca. 60 ka (thousands of calendar yr B.P.), and culminated in peak discharge between ca. 40 and 35 ka. During this time, cold (4–12 °C) emergent groundwater supported extensive wetlands that likely were composed of a wet, sedge-rush-tussock meadow mixed with mesic riparian forest. After ca. 35 ka, the water table dropped below the ground surface but was still shallow enough to support dense stands of phreatophytes through the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). The water table dropped further after the LGM, and xeric conditions prevailed until modest wetlands returned briefly during the Younger Dryas cold event (13.0–11.6 ka). We did not observe any evidence of wet conditions during the Holocene at Valley Wells. The timing of these fluctuations is consistent with changes in other paleowetland systems in the Mojave Desert, the nearby Great Basin Desert, and in southeastern Arizona, near the border of the Sonoran and Chihuahuan Deserts. The similarities in hydrologic conditions between these disparate locations suggest that changes in groundwater levels during the late Pleistocene in desert wetlands scattered throughout the American Southwest were likely driven by synoptic-scale climate processes.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","doi":"10.1130/B30357.1","usgsCitation":"Pigati, J., Miller, D., Bright, J.E., Mahan, S., Nekola, J.C., and Paces, J.B., 2011, Chronology, sedimentology, and microfauna of groundwater discharge deposits in the central Mojave Desert, Valley Wells, California: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 123, no. 11-12, p. 2224-2239, https://doi.org/10.1130/B30357.1.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"2224","endPage":"2239","costCenters":[{"id":308,"text":"Geology and Environmental Change Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":259177,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Valley Wells","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -115.92910766601562,\n              35.24842291350237\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.41206359863281,\n              35.24842291350237\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.41206359863281,\n              35.619907397876865\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.92910766601562,\n              35.619907397876865\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.92910766601562,\n              35.24842291350237\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"123","issue":"11-12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f5fae4b0c8380cd4c51c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pigati, Jeffrey S. 0000-0001-5843-6219","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5843-6219","contributorId":60068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pigati","given":"Jeffrey S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, David M. 0000-0003-3711-0441 dmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3711-0441","contributorId":1707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"David M.","email":"dmiller@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":349679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bright, Jordon E.","contributorId":44030,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bright","given":"Jordon","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":349681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mahan, Shannon 0000-0001-5214-7774 smahan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-7774","contributorId":1215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahan","given":"Shannon","email":"smahan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":349678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nekola, Jeffrey C.","contributorId":105958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nekola","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Paces, James B. 0000-0002-9809-8493 jbpaces@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9809-8493","contributorId":2514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paces","given":"James","email":"jbpaces@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":349680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70039546,"text":"70039546 - 2011 - SICS: the Southern Inland and Coastal System interdisciplinary project of the USGS South Florida Ecosystem Program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-17T15:26:17","indexId":"70039546","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T11:39:43","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"SICS: the Southern Inland and Coastal System interdisciplinary project of the USGS South Florida Ecosystem Program","docAbstract":"<p>State and Federal agencies are working jointly on structural modifications and improved water-delivery strategies to reestablish more natural surface-water flows through the Everglades wetlands and into Florida Bay. Changes in the magnitude, duration, timing, and distribution of inflows from the headwaters of the Taylor Slough and canal C-111 drainage basins have shifted the seasonal distribution and extent of wetland inundation, and also contributed to the development of hypersaline conditions in nearshore embayments of Florida Bay. Such changes are altering biological and vegetative communities in the wetlands and creating stresses on aquatic habitat. Affected biotic resources include federally listed species such as the Cape Sable seaside sparrow, American crocodile, wood stork, and roseate spoonbill. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is synthesizing scientific findings from hydrologic process studies, collecting data to characterize the ecosystem properties and functions, and integrating the results of these efforts into a research tool and management model for this Southern Inland and Coastal System(SICS). Scientists from all four disciplinary divisions of the USGS, Biological Resources, Geology, National Mapping, and Water Resources are contributing to this interdisciplinary project.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70039546","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2011, SICS: the Southern Inland and Coastal System interdisciplinary project of the USGS South Florida Ecosystem Program, 3 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70039546.","productDescription":"3 p.","numberOfPages":"3","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":261670,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70039546/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.94 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":261671,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70039546/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Everglades National Park, Florida Bay, Taylor Slough","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -81.8426513671875,\n              24.661994379101547\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.8426513671875,\n              26.150507192328902\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.0738525390625,\n              26.150507192328902\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.0738525390625,\n              24.661994379101547\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.8426513671875,\n              24.661994379101547\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaf4fe4b0c8380cd874fa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70005222,"text":"70005222 - 2011 - Characterization of the intragranular water regime within subsurface sediments: pore volume, surface area, and mass transfer limitations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-14T15:13:13","indexId":"70005222","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T11:13:53","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterization of the intragranular water regime within subsurface sediments: pore volume, surface area, and mass transfer limitations","docAbstract":"Although \"intragranular\" pore space within grain aggregates, grain fractures, and mineral surface coatings may contain a relatively small fraction of the total porosity within a porous medium, it often contains a significant fraction of the reactive surface area, and can thus strongly affect the transport of sorbing solutes. In this work, we demonstrate a batch experiment procedure using tritiated water as a high-resolution diffusive tracer to characterize the intragranular pore space. The method was tested using uranium-contaminated sediments from the vadose and capillary fringe zones beneath the former 300A process ponds at the Hanford site (Washington). Sediments were contacted with tracers in artificial groundwater, followed by a replacement of bulk solution with tracer-free groundwater and the monitoring of tracer release. From these data, intragranular pore volumes were calculated and mass transfer rates were quantified using a multirate first-order mass transfer model. Tritium-hydrogen exchange on surface hydroxyls was accounted for by conducting additional tracer experiments on sediment that was vacuum dried after reaction. The complementary (\"wet\" and \"dry\") techniques allowed for the simultaneous determination of intragranular porosity and surface area using tritium. The Hanford 300A samples exhibited intragranular pore volumes of ~1% of the solid volume and intragranular surface areas of ~20%&ndash;35% of the total surface area. Analogous experiments using bromide ion as a tracer yielded very different results, suggesting very little penetration of bromide into the intragranular porosity.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Untion","doi":"10.1029/2010WR010303","usgsCitation":"Hay, M.B., Stoliker, D., Davis, J., and Zachara, J.M., 2011, Characterization of the intragranular water regime within subsurface sediments: pore volume, surface area, and mass transfer limitations: Water Resources Research, v. 47, W10531, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2010WR010303.","productDescription":"W10531, 19 p.","costCenters":[{"id":148,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Western Region","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474810,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2010wr010303","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":257163,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-10-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f4e5e4b0c8380cd4bfb0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hay, Michael B.","contributorId":52445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hay","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stoliker, Deborah L. dlstoliker@usgs.gov","contributorId":2954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stoliker","given":"Deborah L.","email":"dlstoliker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":352090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Davis, James A.","contributorId":69289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"James A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zachara, John M.","contributorId":7421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zachara","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
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