{"pageNumber":"174","pageRowStart":"4325","pageSize":"25","recordCount":68777,"records":[{"id":70226146,"text":"sir20215082 - 2021 - Factors affecting uncertainty of public supply, self-supplied domestic, irrigation, and thermoelectric water-use data, 1985–2015—Evaluation of information sources, estimation methods, and data variability","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-24T16:51:46.274711","indexId":"sir20215082","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-15T17:10:00","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2021-5082","displayTitle":"Factors Affecting Uncertainty of Public Supply, Self-Supplied Domestic, Irrigation, and Thermoelectric Water-Use Data, 1985–2015—Evaluation of Information Sources, Estimation Methods, and Data Variability","title":"Factors affecting uncertainty of public supply, self-supplied domestic, irrigation, and thermoelectric water-use data, 1985–2015—Evaluation of information sources, estimation methods, and data variability","docAbstract":"

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Water-Use Program is responsible for compiling and disseminating the Nation's water-use data. Working in cooperation with local, State, and Federal agencies, the USGS has collected and published national water-use estimates every 5 years, beginning in 1950. These water-use data may vary because of actual changes in water use, because of changes in estimation methods, or because of errors. Comparison and interpretation of these data is difficult without first determining the factors that contribute to data variability. This report describes factors that may affect data quality and documents ways to investigate the variability of public supply, self-supplied domestic, irrigation, and thermoelectric water-use data for the 1985–2015 compilations.

The USGS produces national water-use estimates for various categories of water use for every county in the United States. Knowledge about the sources of data for county estimates is important because factors such as estimation methodology and reporting affect data uncertainty Determination of meaningful patterns and trends in the data are contingent on the use of consistent methodology throughout the period of interest. With the many ways that water-use data have been collected, assembled, and estimated, multiple factors likely contribute to data uncertainty, Data used to produce these estimates may be furnished from agencies that collect information from entities who report water use; gaps in reported data are typically estimated to achieve a comprehensive county estimate. For example, public supply and thermoelectric category data are based primarily on furnished site-specific data; whereas crop irrigation is often furnished or estimated at the county scale. Public supply deliveries for domestic use and self-supplied domestic withdrawals are most often estimated by USGS personnel using per capita use rate coefficients. Irrigation may be estimated using crop water requirements, application rates, or other soil water balance methods when furnished reported data are not available.

Rates, percentages, medians, and interquartile ranges were used to investigate variability in the water-use data among States, regions, and years. The purposes of these evaluations were to (1) identify extreme values that may reflect changes in information sources, estimation methods, or errors; (2) indicate areas of variable or consistent values that are unexpected; and (3) indicate areas where values change because of local climate or other factors. Where factors are identified that contribute to data variability, such as a change in methodology, additional work could determine uncertainty because of these factors.

These evaluations identified the availability of information that is needed to address data limitations. Factors such as estimation methodology affect data quality. Some updates to method codes assigned in 2015 and assignment of method codes to earlier compilation datasets for all categories would provide much needed metadata for users of the data. Improvements in data documentation describing sources of information and estimation methods and additional metadata information from agencies and entities that furnish water-use data, would enable a more complete understanding and depiction of water-use patterns and trends. Additional metadata are needed for users of the data to better understand the water-use data and interpret changes in water use across the United States and with time.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20215082","usgsCitation":"Luukkonen, C.L., Belitz, K., Sullivan, S.L., and Sargent, P., 2021, Factors affecting uncertainty of public supply, self-supplied domestic, irrigation, and thermoelectric water-use data, 1985–2015—Evaluation of information sources, estimation methods, and data variability: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2021–5082, 78 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20215082.","productDescription":"Report: ix, 78 p.; Database; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-123556","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":391626,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data 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Director, Upper Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
5840 Enterprise Drive
Lansing, MI 48911

","tableOfContents":"","publishedDate":"2021-11-15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-11-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Luukkonen, Carol L. 0000-0001-7056-8599","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7056-8599","contributorId":208181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luukkonen","given":"Carol","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Belitz, Kenneth 0000-0003-4481-2345","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-2345","contributorId":201889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belitz","given":"Kenneth","affiliations":[{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sullivan, Samantha L. 0000-0002-9462-0029","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9462-0029","contributorId":205316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"Samantha","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sargent, Pierre","contributorId":268785,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sargent","given":"Pierre","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":55660,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey, retired","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70226211,"text":"70226211 - 2021 - Impacts of climate change on groundwater availability and spring flows: Observations from the highly productive Medicine Lake Highlands/Fall River Springs Aquifer System","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-25T17:14:22.195081","indexId":"70226211","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-15T07:34:38","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impacts of climate change on groundwater availability and spring flows: Observations from the highly productive Medicine Lake Highlands/Fall River Springs Aquifer System","docAbstract":"

Medicine Lake Highlands/Fall River Springs Aquifer System, located in northeastern California, is home to some of the largest first-order springs in the United States. This work assesses the likely effects of projected climate change on spring flow. Four anticipated climate futures (GFDL A2, GFDL B1, CCSM4 rcp 8.5, CNRM rcp 8.5) for California, which predict a range of conditions (generally warming and transitioning from snow to rain with variable amounts of total precipitation), are postulated to affect groundwater recharge primarily by changing evapotranspiration. The linkages between climate variables and spring flow are evaluated using a water balance model that represents the physics of evapotranspiration and recharge, the Basin Characterization Model. Three of the four climate scenarios (GFDL A2, GFDL B1, CCSM4 rcp 8.5) project that by the year 2100, groundwater recharge (and consequently decreased spring flow) will decrease by 27%, 21%, and 9%, respectively. The fourth scenario (CNRM rcp 8.5) showed an increase in recharge of 32% due to a significant increase in precipitation (27%). Evapotranspiration increases due to a shift in the type of precipitation and a longer growing season. While the likelihood of each scenario is outside the scope of this work, unless total precipitation increases dramatically in the future, increased temperatures and decreasing precipitation will likely result in reduced spring flows, along with warmer water temperatures in downstream habitats.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.12976","usgsCitation":"Mancewicz, L., Davisson, L., Wheelock, S.J., Burns, E., Poulson, S.R., and Tyler, S.W., 2021, Impacts of climate change on groundwater availability and spring flows: Observations from the highly productive Medicine Lake Highlands/Fall River Springs Aquifer System: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 57, no. 6, p. 1021-1036, https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.12976.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1021","endPage":"1036","ipdsId":"IP-118875","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":450199,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.12976","text":"External Repository"},{"id":391792,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Medicine Lake Highlands/Fall River Springs Aquifer System","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.091064453125,\n 40.8865244080599\n ],\n [\n -121.26434326171875,\n 40.8865244080599\n ],\n [\n -121.26434326171875,\n 41.65239288426812\n ],\n [\n -122.091064453125,\n 41.65239288426812\n ],\n [\n -122.091064453125,\n 40.8865244080599\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"57","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-11-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mancewicz, Lauren K","contributorId":268887,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mancewicz","given":"Lauren K","affiliations":[{"id":16704,"text":"University of Nevada - Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davisson, L.","contributorId":268888,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davisson","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":55710,"text":"ML Davisson & Associates, Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wheelock, Shawn J","contributorId":268889,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wheelock","given":"Shawn","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[{"id":37389,"text":"U.S. Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burns, Erick R. 0000-0002-1747-0506","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1747-0506","contributorId":225412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns","given":"Erick R.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Poulson, Simon R.","contributorId":187411,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Poulson","given":"Simon","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":33648,"text":"Department of Geological Sciences and Engineering, University of Nevada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Tyler, Scott W.","contributorId":188141,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tyler","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":826901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70229198,"text":"70229198 - 2021 - Syn-eruptive hydration of volcanic ash records pyroclast-water interaction in explosive eruptions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-02T12:48:25.371404","indexId":"70229198","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-15T06:39:51","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Syn-eruptive hydration of volcanic ash records pyroclast-water interaction in explosive eruptions","docAbstract":"

Magma-water interaction can dramatically influence the explosivity of volcanic eruptions. However, syn- and post-eruptive diffusion of external (non-magmatic) water into volcanic glass remains poorly constrained and may bias interpretation of water in juvenile products. Hydrogen isotopes in ash from the 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska, record syn-eruptive hydration by vaporized glacial meltwater. Both ash aggregation and hydration occurred in the wettest regions of the plume, which resulted in the removal and deposition of the most hydrated ash in proximal areas <50 km from the vent. Diffusion models show that the high temperatures of pyroclast-water interactions (>400°C) are more important than the cooling rate in facilitating hydration. These observations suggest that syn-eruptive glass hydration occurred where meltwater was entrained at high temperature, in the plume margins near the vent. Ash in the drier plume interior remained insulated from entrained meltwater until it cooled sufficiently to avoid significant hydration.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2021GL094141","usgsCitation":"Hudak, M.R., Bindeman, I.N., Loewen, M.W., and Giachetti, T., 2021, Syn-eruptive hydration of volcanic ash records pyroclast-water interaction in explosive eruptions: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 48, no. 23, e2021GL094141, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL094141.","productDescription":"e2021GL094141, 8 p.","ipdsId":"IP-129298","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":450202,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2021gl094141","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":396643,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"23","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hudak, Michael R. 0000-0002-0583-5424","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0583-5424","contributorId":287589,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hudak","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6604,"text":"University of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":836914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bindeman, Ilya N.","contributorId":175500,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bindeman","given":"Ilya","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":6604,"text":"University of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":836915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Loewen, Matthew W. 0000-0002-5621-285X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5621-285X","contributorId":213321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loewen","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":836916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Giachetti, Thomas 0000-0003-1360-6768","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1360-6768","contributorId":287591,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Giachetti","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6604,"text":"University of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":836917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70232163,"text":"70232163 - 2021 - Climatic aridity shapes post-fire interactions between Ceanothus spp. and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) across the Klamath Mountains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-09T13:21:53.228665","indexId":"70232163","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-13T08:18:49","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1689,"text":"Forests","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Climatic aridity shapes post-fire interactions between Ceanothus spp. and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) across the Klamath Mountains","title":"Climatic aridity shapes post-fire interactions between Ceanothus spp. and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) across the Klamath Mountains","docAbstract":"

Climate change is leading to increased drought intensity and fire frequency, creating early-successional landscapes with novel disturbance–recovery dynamics. In the Klamath Mountains of northwestern California and southwestern Oregon, early-successional interactions between nitrogen (N)-fixing shrubs (Ceanothus spp.) and long-lived conifers (Douglas-fir) are especially important determinants of forest development. We sampled post-fire vegetation and soil biogeochemistry in 57 plots along gradients of time since fire (7–28 years) and climatic water deficit (aridity). We found that Ceanothus biomass increased, and Douglas-fir biomass decreased with increasing aridity. High aridity and Ceanothus biomass interacted with lower soil C:N more than either factor alone. Ceanothus biomass was initially high after fire and declined with time, suggesting a large initial pulse of N-fixation that could enhance N availability for establishing Douglas-fir. We conclude that future increases in aridity and wildfire frequency will likely limit post-fire Douglas-fir establishment, though Ceanothus may ameliorate some of these impacts through benefits to microclimate and soils. Results from this study contribute to our understanding of the effects of climate change and wildfires on interspecific interactions and forest dynamics. Management seeking to accelerate forest recovery after high-severity fire should emphasize early-successional conifer establishment while maintaining N-fixing shrubs to enhance soil fertility.

","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/f12111567","usgsCitation":"Cinoglu, D., Epstein, H., Tepley, A.J., Anderson-Teixeira, K.J., Thompson, J.R., and Perakis, S.S., 2021, Climatic aridity shapes post-fire interactions between Ceanothus spp. and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) across the Klamath Mountains: Forests, v. 12, no. 11, 1567, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/f12111567.","productDescription":"1567, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-133295","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":450213,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/f12111567","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":401970,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Klamath Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.47509765625,\n 40.622291783092706\n ],\n [\n -122.431640625,\n 40.622291783092706\n ],\n [\n -122.431640625,\n 42.342305278572816\n ],\n [\n -124.47509765625,\n 42.342305278572816\n ],\n [\n -124.47509765625,\n 40.622291783092706\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-11-13","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cinoglu, Damla","contributorId":292365,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cinoglu","given":"Damla","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":34217,"text":"UT Austin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":844406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Epstein, Howard E","contributorId":292366,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Epstein","given":"Howard E","affiliations":[{"id":62885,"text":"UVA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":844407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tepley, Alan J.","contributorId":139993,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tepley","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13346,"text":"University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Geography","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":844408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anderson-Teixeira, Kristina J. 0000-0001-8461-9713","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8461-9713","contributorId":150956,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson-Teixeira","given":"Kristina","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":844409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thompson, Jonathan R.","contributorId":292368,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thompson","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":37315,"text":"Harvard","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":844410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Perakis, Steven S. 0000-0003-0703-9314 sperakis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0703-9314","contributorId":145528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perakis","given":"Steven","email":"sperakis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":844411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70226157,"text":"70226157 - 2021 - Depths inferred from velocities estimated by remote sensing: A flow resistance equation-based approach to mapping multiple river attributes at the reach scale","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-15T12:13:19.787666","indexId":"70226157","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-13T06:10:31","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Depths inferred from velocities estimated by remote sensing: A flow resistance equation-based approach to mapping multiple river attributes at the reach scale","docAbstract":"
Remote sensing of flow conditions in stream channels could facilitate hydrologic data collection, particularly in large, inaccessible rivers. Previous research has demonstrated the potential to estimate flow velocities in sediment-laden rivers via particle image velocimetry (PIV). In this study, we introduce a new framework for also obtaining bathymetric information: Depths Inferred from Velocities Estimated by Remote Sensing (DIVERS). This approach is based on a flow resistance equation and involves several assumptions: steady, uniform, one-dimensional flow and a direct proportionality between the velocity estimated at a given location and the local water depth, with no lateral transfer of mass or momentum. As an initial case study, we performed PIV and inferred depths from videos acquired from a helicopter hovering at multiple waypoints along a large river in central Alaska. The accuracy of PIV-derived velocities was assessed via comparison to field measurements and the performance of an optimization-based approach to DIVERS specification of roughness
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/rs13224566","usgsCitation":"Legleiter, C.J., and Kinzel, P.J., 2021, Depths inferred from velocities estimated by remote sensing: A flow resistance equation-based approach to mapping multiple river attributes at the reach scale: Remote Sensing, v. 13, no. 22, 4566, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13224566.","productDescription":"4566, 34 p.","ipdsId":"IP-129764","costCenters":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":450216,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13224566","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436117,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9A7J0AN","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Helicopter-based videos and field measurements of flow depth and velocity from the Tanana River, Alaska, acquired on July 24, 2019"},{"id":391672,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","city":"Fairbanks","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -148.16162109375,\n 64.60503753178527\n ],\n [\n -147.13989257812497,\n 64.60503753178527\n ],\n [\n -147.13989257812497,\n 65.03042310440534\n ],\n [\n -148.16162109375,\n 65.03042310440534\n ],\n [\n -148.16162109375,\n 64.60503753178527\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"13","issue":"22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-11-13","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Legleiter, Carl J. 0000-0003-0940-8013 cjl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0940-8013","contributorId":169002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Legleiter","given":"Carl","email":"cjl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kinzel, Paul J. 0000-0002-6076-9730 pjkinzel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6076-9730","contributorId":743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinzel","given":"Paul","email":"pjkinzel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70226134,"text":"sir20215127 - 2021 - Total phosphorus loadings for the Cedar River at Palo, Iowa, 2009–20","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-15T11:55:16.375506","indexId":"sir20215127","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-12T18:05:00","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2021-5127","displayTitle":"Total Phosphorus Loadings for the Cedar River at Palo, Iowa, 2009–20","title":"Total phosphorus loadings for the Cedar River at Palo, Iowa, 2009–20","docAbstract":"

In support of nutrient reduction efforts, total phosphorus loads and yields were computed using turbidity-surrogate and LOAD ESTimator (LOADEST) models for the Cedar River at Palo, Iowa, for January 1, 2009, to December 15, 2020. Sample data were used to create a total phosphorus concentration turbidity-surrogate model. Total phosphorus loads also were computed from two streamflow-based LOADEST load models for the periods 2009–20 and 2016–20. The 2009–20 model was used for comparison with previously published loads at this site. The 2016–20 LOADEST model was used with the turbidity-surrogate model before sensor deployment and during periods of missing sensor data to obtain a more complete annual total phosphorus load. This report presents computed loads and methods needed to compute site-specific loads accurately and track annual progress toward nutrient reduction goals within the State.

A comparison of loads from Weighted Regressions on Time, Discharge, and Season; LOADEST; and surrogate models indicated substantial differences at this site among these methods. Changes in both monitoring approaches (high-frequency sensor and surrogate data) and changes in load-calculation methods present potential challenges in assessing trends, such as assessment of load reduction.

Annual total phosphorus loads for the Cedar River at Palo, Iowa, ranged from 1,370 to 2,360 U.S. short tons per year for 2018–20, based on the turbidity-surrogate model with gaps in sensor data filled with the 2016–20 LOADEST model. Annual total phosphorus yields for the Cedar River ranged from 0.67 to 1.16 pounds per acre per year for 2018–20. Although this load estimate is lower than previous estimates for the benchmark period of 2006–10, when normalized by streamflow, nearly all the apparent reduction can be attributed to differences in the load-calculation methods.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20215127","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Cedar Rapids","usgsCitation":"Garrett, J.D., 2021, Total phosphorus loadings for the Cedar River at Palo, Iowa, 2009–20: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2021–5127, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20215127.","productDescription":"Report vi, 15 p.: Database; Related Work","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-127065","costCenters":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":391620,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5127/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":391621,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5127/sir20215127.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.63 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2021-5127"},{"id":391622,"rank":3,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN","text":"USGS National Water Information System—","linkHelpText":"U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System database"},{"id":391623,"rank":4,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20185090","text":"Transport of nitrogen and phosphorus in the Cedar River Basin, Iowa and Minnesota, 2000–15"}],"country":"United States","state":"Palo","otherGeospatial":"Cedar River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.83197021484375,\n 42.02889410108475\n ],\n [\n -91.71180725097655,\n 42.02889410108475\n ],\n [\n -91.71180725097655,\n 42.09312731992276\n ],\n [\n -91.83197021484375,\n 42.09312731992276\n ],\n [\n -91.83197021484375,\n 42.02889410108475\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Director, Central Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
400 South Clinton Street, Suite 269
Iowa City, IA 52240

","tableOfContents":"","publishedDate":"2021-11-12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-11-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Garrett, Jessica D. 0000-0002-4466-3709 jgarrett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4466-3709","contributorId":4229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garrett","given":"Jessica","email":"jgarrett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70225933,"text":"sir20215106 - 2021 - Water and sediment chemistry of selected existing and potential habitats of the Mohave tui chub, Mojave National Preserve, California, 2018","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-15T11:47:37.497179","indexId":"sir20215106","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-12T09:28:27","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2021-5106","displayTitle":"Water and Sediment Chemistry of Selected Existing and Potential Habitats of the Mohave Tui Chub, Mojave National Preserve, California, 2018","title":"Water and sediment chemistry of selected existing and potential habitats of the Mohave tui chub, Mojave National Preserve, California, 2018","docAbstract":"

The Mohave tui chub (Siphateles bicolor mohavensis) was nearly extirpated from the Mojave River drainage in California by the mid-twentieth century and was listed as endangered in 1970. A source population of Mohave tui chub exists at MC Spring in Zzyzx, California, and has been used for several re-establishment efforts in previous decades. Two potential habitats in the Mojave National Preserve with perennial sources of water were identified by the National Park Service as candidates for additional Mohave tui chub re-establishment: West Pond and Rainbow Wells Pond. West Pond, an artificial pond at Zzyzx near MC Spring, contained a population of Mohave tui chub that died off in 1985 because of changes in water quality. The pond was rehabilitated in the past several years through re-excavation and by pumping fresh groundwater into the pond. Rainbow Wells Pond is an abandoned excavated mine site in the Cima Dome area. The bottom of the excavation intersects the water table, forming a pond. In cooperation with the National Park Service, the U.S. Geological Survey monitored water-quality conditions at West Pond and Rainbow Wells Pond for 1 year to characterize the suitability of spring habitat for re-establishment of Mohave tui chub populations. Data were also collected at three existing Mohave tui chub habitats in Mojave National Preserve to provide further information on the range of acceptable physical and chemical conditions. Initial water-quality results at West Pond indicate the pond has similar water quality as existing Mohave tui chub habitats. Initial water-quality results at Rainbow Wells Pond indicate the dissolved oxygen concentrations and springtime water temperatures are less than the long-term tolerable ranges for Mohave tui chub.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20215106","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Earp, K.J., and Paul, A.P., 2021, Water and sediment chemistry of selected existing and potential habitats of the Mohave tui chub, Mojave National Preserve, California, 2018: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2021–5106, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20215106.","productDescription":"Report: v, 26 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-099414","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":391580,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN","linkHelpText":"National Water Information System"},{"id":391576,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5106/covrthb.jpg"},{"id":391577,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5106/sir20215106.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":391578,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5106/sir20215106.xml"},{"id":391579,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5106/images"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Mojave National Preserve","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.2301025390625,\n 35.47409160773029\n ],\n [\n -115.36193847656249,\n 35.54116627999815\n ],\n [\n -115.59814453125001,\n 35.55457449014312\n ],\n [\n -115.806884765625,\n 35.567980458012094\n ],\n [\n -116.43859863281249,\n 35.38457160381764\n ],\n [\n -116.55944824218749,\n 35.074964853989556\n ],\n [\n -116.54296874999999,\n 34.79576153473033\n ],\n [\n -116.16943359374999,\n 34.56085936708384\n ],\n [\n -115.7080078125,\n 34.36611072883117\n ],\n [\n -115.224609375,\n 34.261756524459805\n ],\n [\n -114.72473144531251,\n 34.30260622622907\n ],\n [\n -114.58740234375,\n 34.58347505599177\n ],\n [\n -114.6368408203125,\n 34.84536693184101\n ],\n [\n -114.6533203125,\n 35.016500995886005\n ],\n [\n -115.2301025390625,\n 35.47409160773029\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Director,
Nevada Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2730 N. Deer Run Road
Carson City, Nevada 95819

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"publishedDate":"2021-11-12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-11-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Earp, Katherine J. 0000-0002-5291-6737 kjearp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5291-6737","contributorId":223704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Earp","given":"Katherine","email":"kjearp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paul, Angela P. 0000-0003-3909-1598 appaul@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3909-1598","contributorId":2305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paul","given":"Angela","email":"appaul@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70226147,"text":"70226147 - 2021 - Recent nitrogen storage and accumulation rates in mangrove soils exceed historic rates in the urbanized San Juan Bay Estuary (Puerto Rico, United States)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-15T12:30:33.841543","indexId":"70226147","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-12T06:27:15","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5860,"text":"Frontiers in Forests and Global Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recent nitrogen storage and accumulation rates in mangrove soils exceed historic rates in the urbanized San Juan Bay Estuary (Puerto Rico, United States)","docAbstract":"

Tropical mangrove forests have been described as “coastal kidneys,” promoting sediment deposition and filtering contaminants, including excess nutrients. Coastal areas throughout the world are experiencing increased human activities, resulting in altered geomorphology, hydrology, and nutrient inputs. To effectively manage and sustain coastal mangroves, it is important to understand nitrogen (N) storage and accumulation in systems where human activities are causing rapid changes in N inputs and cycling. We examined N storage and accumulation rates in recent (1970 – 2016) and historic (1930 – 1970) decades in the context of urbanization in the San Juan Bay Estuary (SJBE, Puerto Rico), using mangrove soil cores that were radiometrically dated. Local anthropogenic stressors can alter N storage rates in peri-urban mangrove systems either directly by increasing N soil fertility or indirectly by altering hydrology (e.g., dredging, filling, and canalization). Nitrogen accumulation rates were greater in recent decades than historic decades at Piñones Forest and Martin Peña East. Martin Peña East was characterized by high urbanization, and Piñones, by the least urbanization in the SJBE. The mangrove forest at Martin Peña East fringed a poorly drained canal and often received raw sewage inputs, with N accumulation rates ranging from 17.7 to 37.9 g m–2 y–1 in recent decades. The Piñones Forest was isolated and had low flushing, possibly exacerbated by river damming, with N accumulation rates ranging from 18.6 to 24.2 g m–2 y–1 in recent decades. Nearly all (96.3%) of the estuary-wide mangrove N (9.4 Mg ha–1) was stored in the soils with 7.1 Mg ha–1 sequestered during 1970–2017 (0–18 cm) and 2.3 Mg ha–1 during 1930–1970 (19–28 cm). Estuary-wide mangrove soil N accumulation rates were over twice as great in recent decades (0.18 ± 0.002 Mg ha–1y–1) than historically (0.08 ± 0.001 Mg ha–1y–1). Nitrogen accumulation rates in SJBE mangrove soils in recent times were twofold larger than the rate of human-consumed food N that is exported as wastewater (0.08 Mg ha–1 y–1), suggesting the potential for mangroves to sequester human-derived N. Conservation and effective management of mangrove forests and their surrounding watersheds in the Anthropocene are important for maintaining water quality in coastal communities throughout tropical regions.

","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers","doi":"10.3389/ffgc.2021.765896","usgsCitation":"Wigand, C., Oczkowski, A., Branoff, B., Eagle, M.J., Hanson, A., Martin, R.M., Balogh, S., Miller, K., Huertas, E., Loffredo, J., and Watson, E., 2021, Recent nitrogen storage and accumulation rates in mangrove soils exceed historic rates in the urbanized San Juan Bay Estuary (Puerto Rico, United States): Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, v. 4, 765896, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/ffgc.2021.765896.","productDescription":"765896, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-133587","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":450222,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/ffgc.2021.765896","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":391677,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Puerto Rico, San Juan Bay Estuary","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -66.1761474609375,\n 18.357132362517966\n ],\n [\n -65.93650817871094,\n 18.357132362517966\n ],\n [\n -65.93650817871094,\n 18.48807496255878\n ],\n [\n -66.1761474609375,\n 18.48807496255878\n ],\n [\n -66.1761474609375,\n 18.357132362517966\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-11-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wigand, Cathleen","contributorId":260715,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wigand","given":"Cathleen","affiliations":[{"id":52652,"text":"US EPA, Atlantic Coastal Environmental Sciences Division, Narragansett, RI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oczkowski, Autumn","contributorId":260719,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oczkowski","given":"Autumn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52652,"text":"US EPA, Atlantic Coastal Environmental Sciences Division, Narragansett, RI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Branoff, Benjamin","contributorId":216871,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Branoff","given":"Benjamin","affiliations":[{"id":39539,"text":"University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eagle, Meagan J. 0000-0001-5072-2755 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Narragansett, RI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Balogh, Stephen","contributorId":260716,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Balogh","given":"Stephen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52652,"text":"US EPA, Atlantic Coastal Environmental Sciences Division, Narragansett, RI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Miller, Kenneth","contributorId":260717,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Kenneth","affiliations":[{"id":52655,"text":"General Dynamics Information Technology, 6361 Walker Lane, Suite 300 Alexandria, VA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Huertas, Evelyn","contributorId":260720,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huertas","given":"Evelyn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52656,"text":"US EPA, Caribbean Environmental Protection Division, Guaynabo, PR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Loffredo, Joseph","contributorId":260721,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Loffredo","given":"Joseph","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52652,"text":"US EPA, Atlantic Coastal Environmental Sciences Division, Narragansett, RI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Watson, Elizabeth","contributorId":260722,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Watson","given":"Elizabeth","affiliations":[{"id":52657,"text":"Department of Biodiversity, Earth & Environmental Sciences and The Academy of Natural Sciences, Drexel University, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Pkwy, Philadelphia, PA,","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70228315,"text":"70228315 - 2021 - Characterization of the biological, physical, and chemical properties of a toxic thin layer in a temperate marine system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-08T13:03:32.116162","indexId":"70228315","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-11T06:59:06","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":10098,"text":"Marine Ecology Progress Series (MEPS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterization of the biological, physical, and chemical properties of a toxic thin layer in a temperate marine system","docAbstract":"

The distribution of plankton in the ocean is patchy across a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. One type of oceanographic feature that exemplifies this patchiness is a ‘thin layer’. Thin layers are subsurface aggregations of plankton that range in vertical thickness from centimeters to a few meters, which may extend horizontally for kilometers and persist for days. We undertook a field campaign to characterize the biological, physical, and chemical properties of thin layers in Monterey Bay, California (USA), an area where these features can be persistent. The particle aggregates (marine snow) sampled in the study had several quantifiable properties indicating how the layer was formed and how its structure was maintained. Particles were more elongated above the layer, and then changed orientation angle and increased in size within the layer, suggesting passive accumulation of particles along a physical gradient. The shift in particle aggregate orientation angle near the pycnocline suggests that shear may also have played a role in generating the thin layer. Pseudo-nitzschia spp. were the most abundant phytoplankton within the thin layer. Further, both dissolved and particulate domoic acid were highest within the thin layer. We suggest that phosphate stress is responsible for the formation of Pseudo-nitzschia spp. aggregates. This stress together with increased nitrogen in the layer may lead to increased bloom toxicity in the subsurface blooms of Pseudo-nitzschia spp. Several zooplankton groups were observed to aggregate above and below the layer. With the knowledge that harmful algal bloom events can occur in subsurface thin layers, modified sampling methods to monitor for these hidden incubators could greatly improve the efficacy of early-warning systems designed to detect harmful algal blooms in coastal waters.

","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","doi":"10.3354/meps13879","usgsCitation":"McManus, M., Greer, A.T., Timmerman, A.H., Sevadjian, J.C., Woodson, C.B., Cowen, R., Fong, D.A., Monismith, S.G., and Cheriton, O.M., 2021, Characterization of the biological, physical, and chemical properties of a toxic thin layer in a temperate marine system: Marine Ecology Progress Series (MEPS), v. 678, p. 17-35, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps13879.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"17","endPage":"35","ipdsId":"IP-129200","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":450228,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/meps13879","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":395606,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"678","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McManus, Margaret A","contributorId":275122,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McManus","given":"Margaret A","affiliations":[{"id":39036,"text":"University of Hawaii at Manoa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Greer, Adam T","contributorId":275123,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Greer","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"T","affiliations":[{"id":12697,"text":"University of Georgia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Timmerman, Amanda HV","contributorId":275126,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Timmerman","given":"Amanda","email":"","middleInitial":"HV","affiliations":[{"id":39679,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UCSD","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sevadjian, Jeff C","contributorId":275129,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sevadjian","given":"Jeff","email":"","middleInitial":"C","affiliations":[{"id":39679,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UCSD","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Woodson, C. Brock","contributorId":275132,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woodson","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Brock","affiliations":[{"id":56710,"text":"School of ECAM Engineering, University of Georgia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cowen, Robert","contributorId":275135,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cowen","given":"Robert","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fong, Derek A","contributorId":275136,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fong","given":"Derek","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Monismith, Stephen G.","contributorId":196322,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Monismith","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":833679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Cheriton, Olivia M. 0000-0003-3011-9136","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3011-9136","contributorId":204459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cheriton","given":"Olivia","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":833680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70225680,"text":"cir1486 - 2021 - Nitrogen in the Chesapeake Bay watershed—A century of change, 1950–2050","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-26T22:36:29.876041","indexId":"cir1486","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-10T14:05:00","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1486","displayTitle":"Nitrogen in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed—A Century of Change, 1950–2050","title":"Nitrogen in the Chesapeake Bay watershed—A century of change, 1950–2050","docAbstract":"

Foreword

Sustaining the quality of the Nation’s water resources and the health of our diverse ecosystems depends on the availability of sound water-resources data and information to develop effective, science-based policies. Effective management of water resources also brings more certainty and efficiency to important economic sectors. Taken together, these actions lead to immediate and long-term economic, social, and environmental benefits that will make a difference to the lives of the almost 400 million people projected to live in the United States by 2050.

The Chesapeake Bay is the largest and most productive estuary in the United States and is a vital environmental and economic resource. Approximately half of the water volume of the Chesapeake Bay originates from streams and rivers that drain the 64,243 mi2 Chesapeake Bay watershed. The Bay and its tributaries have been degraded by excessive nutrients, such as nitrogen, from contributing watersheds. Inputs of nitrogen to the Bay lead to increased algal growth, decreased dissolved oxygen, and declining fisheries. In 2000, the Chesapeake Bay was listed as impaired under the Clean Water Act and Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) for nutrients and sediment have been established to assist with management actions aimed at nutrient reductions. Effective nutrient management requires an understanding of past, present, and future nutrient sources, fate, and transport in the watershed.

The Chesapeake Bay community has been a pioneer in science, management, and regulation to improve water quality. Factors like climate, hydrology, source inputs, and management controls play a vital role in determining the delivery and magnitude of nitrogen inputs to the Bay. Science in the form of monitoring data, predictive tools, and interpretive reports can help inform decisions to better balance the use and control of nitrogen in coastal areas. The findings in this report can contribute to effective management of the Bay and its watershed by providing a synthesis of the understanding of how human activities and environmental change in the watershed in the past, present, and future will influence the export of nitrogen to the Bay.

We hope this publication will provide you with insights and information to meet your water resource needs and will foster increased civilian awareness and involvement in the protection and restoration of our Nation’s waters. The information in this report is intended primarily for those interested or involved in resource management and protection, conservation, regulation, and policymaking at the regional and national levels.

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2016–2020","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-10T15:38:37.861327","indexId":"sir20215092","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-10T10:20:00","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2021-5092","displayTitle":"Continuous Monitoring and Bayesian Estimation of Nutrient and Sediment Loads from Illinois Watersheds, for Water Years 2016–2020","title":"Continuous monitoring and Bayesian estimation of nutrient and sediment loads from Illinois watersheds, for water years 2016–2020","docAbstract":"

The State of Illinois is one of the leading contributors of nitrogen, phosphorus, and suspended sediment to the Mississippi River and the Gulf of Mexico. During water years 2016–20, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency, operated continuous monitoring stations on eight major rivers in Illinois to better quantify nutrient and sediment loadings from the State of Illinois to the Mississippi River. This report estimates nitrate, phosphorus, and suspended-sediment loadings over that period, which can provide a benchmark against which to assess future changes in loading.

In addition, this report develops a new method for incorporating the uncertainty created by gaps in continuous datasets based on Bayesian machine learning. Data gaps are a common problem in continuous monitoring, and gap filling is necessary to quantify loadings and the uncertainty in loadings, which is essential if these results are to provide a benchmark for future studies. The uncertainty estimates may also be useful in an operational context, and this report provides examples of how uncertainty can be used in monitoring-network design and potentially reducing monitoring costs.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20215092","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Hodson, T.O., Terrio, P.J., Peake, C.S., and Fazio, D.J., 2021, Continuous monitoring and Bayesian estimation of nutrient and sediment loads from Illinois watersheds, for water years 2016–2020: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2021–5092, 40 p., https://doi.org/ 10.3133/ sir20215092.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 40 p.; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-126875","costCenters":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":436121,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9T6W30D","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Estimated nutrient and sediment concentrations from major rivers in Illinois based on continuous monitoring from October 1, 2015, through September 30, 2021"},{"id":391519,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5092/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":391520,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5092/sir20215092.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.74 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2021-5092"},{"id":391521,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9MS8OIH","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Modeled nutrient and sediment concentrations from major rivers in Illinois based on continuous monitoring from October 1, 2015, through September 30, 2020"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-89.366031,42.500274],[-88.786681,42.491983],[-88.115285,42.496219],[-87.800561,42.49192],[-87.79823,42.473054],[-87.80537,42.384721],[-87.820858,42.361584],[-87.834769,42.301522],[-87.828569,42.269922],[-87.800066,42.208024],[-87.741662,42.128227],[-87.712206,42.096455],[-87.682359,42.075729],[-87.671462,42.058334],[-87.668982,42.029142],[-87.630953,41.933132],[-87.624052,41.904232],[-87.611659,41.892216],[-87.616537,41.882396],[-87.616251,41.868933],[-87.60945,41.845233],[-87.600549,41.826833],[-87.580948,41.804334],[-87.576347,41.786034],[-87.560646,41.766034],[-87.542845,41.752135],[-87.530745,41.748235],[-87.524141,41.72399],[-87.526376,40.491574],[-87.533227,39.883127],[-87.531646,39.347888],[-87.544013,39.352907],[-87.5544,39.340488],[-87.578331,39.340343],[-87.589084,39.333831],[-87.600397,39.312904],[-87.597545,39.296388],[-87.61005,39.282232],[-87.605543,39.261122],[-87.593486,39.247452],[-87.583535,39.243579],[-87.574558,39.218404],[-87.588614,39.197824],[-87.620796,39.17479],[-87.640435,39.166727],[-87.64599,39.1449],[-87.643145,39.128562],[-87.632245,39.118702],[-87.630376,39.104305],[-87.619134,39.100557],[-87.613513,39.085568],[-87.596373,39.079639],[-87.572588,39.057286],[-87.575027,39.034062],[-87.569696,39.019413],[-87.579117,39.001607],[-87.578319,38.988786],[-87.529496,38.971925],[-87.512187,38.954417],[-87.518826,38.923205],[-87.527645,38.907688],[-87.544089,38.895093],[-87.553384,38.863344],[-87.525893,38.848795],[-87.521681,38.826576],[-87.527342,38.818121],[-87.496537,38.778571],[-87.496494,38.742728],[-87.516707,38.716333],[-87.519609,38.697198],[-87.531231,38.684036],[-87.593678,38.667402],[-87.62012,38.639489],[-87.627348,38.60544],[-87.62389,38.593984],[-87.637752,38.588512],[-87.651529,38.568166],[-87.650704,38.55624],[-87.660732,38.541092],[-87.653802,38.517382],[-87.657084,38.507169],[-87.714047,38.47988],[-87.739522,38.475069],[-87.74317,38.459019],[-87.730134,38.446518],[-87.74104,38.435576],[-87.745254,38.408996],[-87.779996,38.370842],[-87.806075,38.363143],[-87.822721,38.346912],[-87.832723,38.324853],[-87.831972,38.307241],[-87.838243,38.29375],[-87.853046,38.289264],[-87.875476,38.301376],[-87.88041,38.299581],[-87.887849,38.285299],[-87.908223,38.274012],[-87.92168,38.289712],[-87.928858,38.292404],[-87.938727,38.289264],[-87.952125,38.273763],[-87.945904,38.256966],[-87.950838,38.247097],[-87.960225,38.237118],[-87.975511,38.232742],[-87.982688,38.221527],[-87.984234,38.20996],[-87.975819,38.197834],[-87.9595,38.184376],[-87.928858,38.168594],[-87.922577,38.160071],[-87.92168,38.148407],[-87.945472,38.126616],[-87.974272,38.121981],[-87.999734,38.100857],[-87.998389,38.090091],[-87.984931,38.069008],[-87.990314,38.056447],[-88.020369,38.046578],[-88.02979,38.025046],[-88.012574,37.977062],[-88.012929,37.966544],[-88.036124,37.942746],[-88.044145,37.926805],[-88.031584,37.901685],[-88.033378,37.894059],[-88.054462,37.877461],[-88.058499,37.865349],[-88.053116,37.847854],[-88.043247,37.836639],[-88.051771,37.813761],[-88.045939,37.807481],[-88.029382,37.803601],[-88.02803,37.799224],[-88.035827,37.791917],[-88.042602,37.76712],[-88.059588,37.742608],[-88.122412,37.709685],[-88.151646,37.675098],[-88.160187,37.657592],[-88.156827,37.632801],[-88.142225,37.603737],[-88.139973,37.586451],[-88.13341,37.574273],[-88.105585,37.55618],[-88.088049,37.535124],[-88.069018,37.525297],[-88.061342,37.505327],[-88.064234,37.484548],[-88.072386,37.483563],[-88.087664,37.471059],[-88.132628,37.471555],[-88.281667,37.452596],[-88.312585,37.440591],[-88.333183,37.42721],[-88.348405,37.410726],[-88.365471,37.401663],[-88.408808,37.425216],[-88.450127,37.411717],[-88.470224,37.396255],[-88.476592,37.386875],[-88.484462,37.345609],[-88.515939,37.284043],[-88.506942,37.266656],[-88.509328,37.26213],[-88.487277,37.244077],[-88.471753,37.220155],[-88.447764,37.203527],[-88.431488,37.160298],[-88.424403,37.152428],[-88.444605,37.098601],[-88.458948,37.073796],[-88.504437,37.065265],[-88.545403,37.070003],[-88.576718,37.085852],[-88.589207,37.099655],[-88.625889,37.119458],[-88.693983,37.141155],[-88.732105,37.143956],[-88.80572,37.188595],[-88.916934,37.224291],[-88.942111,37.228811],[-88.98326,37.228685],[-89.029981,37.211144],[-89.076221,37.175125],[-89.092934,37.156439],[-89.111189,37.119052],[-89.134931,37.103278],[-89.14132,37.093865],[-89.154504,37.088907],[-89.168087,37.074218],[-89.181369,37.046305],[-89.178975,37.020928],[-89.166447,37.003337],[-89.132685,36.9822],[-89.170008,36.970298],[-89.185491,36.973518],[-89.192097,36.979995],[-89.200793,37.016164],[-89.234053,37.037277],[-89.25493,37.072014],[-89.259936,37.064071],[-89.307726,37.069654],[-89.310819,37.057897],[-89.304752,37.047565],[-89.277715,37.03614],[-89.260003,37.023288],[-89.257608,37.015496],[-89.263527,37.00005],[-89.278628,36.98867],[-89.29213,36.992189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Director, Central Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
405 N. Goodwin Ave.
Urbana, IL 61801

","tableOfContents":"","publishedDate":"2021-11-10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-11-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hodson, Timothy O. 0000-0003-0962-5130","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0962-5130","contributorId":78634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hodson","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Terrio, Paul J. 0000-0002-1515-9570 pjterrio@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1515-9570","contributorId":3313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Terrio","given":"Paul","email":"pjterrio@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peake, Colin S. 0000-0001-9712-1623","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9712-1623","contributorId":268354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peake","given":"Colin","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fazio, David J. 0000-0003-0254-5162","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0254-5162","contributorId":268355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fazio","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70225748,"text":"sir20215050 - 2021 - Preliminary geohydrologic assessment of Buenos Aires National Wildlife Refuge, Altar Valley, southeastern Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-10T19:08:22.752141","indexId":"sir20215050","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-10T09:09:24","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2021-5050","displayTitle":"Preliminary Geohydrologic Assessment of Buenos Aires National Wildlife Refuge, Altar Valley, Southeastern Arizona","title":"Preliminary geohydrologic assessment of Buenos Aires National Wildlife Refuge, Altar Valley, southeastern Arizona","docAbstract":"

The Buenos Aires National Wildlife Refuge is located in the southern part of Altar Valley, southwest of Tucson in southeastern Arizona. The primary water-supply well at the Buenos Aires National Wildlife Refuge has experienced a two-decade decrease in groundwater levels in the well, as have other wells in the southern part of Altar Valley. In part to understand this trend, a study was undertaken by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, to summarize what is known about the geohydrologic system on the refuge and analyze groundwater-level trends and precipitation-groundwater correlations. In addition, available data were compiled where possible on the climate, land cover, soils, geology, and hydrology to provide a foundation for future modeling of the system.

Altar Valley is a sedimentary basin bounded by a mixture of Paleozoic to Tertiary sedimentary, volcanic, granitic, and metamorphic rocks. The valley fill is undifferentiated Tertiary to Quaternary sediments underlain by middle Miocene to Pliocene rocks that consist of moderately to strongly consolidated conglomerate and sandstone. Surface water, when present in the predominantly ephemeral streams of the valley, flows from south to north. Arivaca Creek has a cienega (or wetland) where groundwater surfaces before it flows as a short perennial reach out of Arivaca Basin. Groundwater maps compiled between 1934 and 2016 showed groundwater flowing from south to north. Before the 1980s, temporal patterns of groundwater levels in wells in Altar Valley varied substantially from one well to another. In the mid-1980s, comparatively high levels of precipitation occurred: the 1980s median value was 15.3 inches, whereas the median for the period of record was 13.2 inches. In addition, apparently corresponding groundwater level increases were seen in nearly all wells studied. After this initial increase, two different groundwater-level trends began to be observed in two spatially distinct sets of wells: in the northern part, groundwater levels were relatively steady, whereas in the southern part, groundwater levels declined from 10 to 20 feet between 1990 and 2019. Annual groundwater pumpage declined substantially in the northern part of the valley beginning in the early 1980s, but it began to increase again in the 1990s. Pumpage in the southern part has remained low and relatively steady compared to the northern part. Although the precise reasons for the declining groundwater levels in the southern part remain unclear, groundwater levels may be affected by factors such as climate cycles, long-term drought, and temperature-induced declines in recharge, resulting in increased evapotranspiration.

Preliminary analyses of two wells, one selected from each part of the valley, using linear regression and lag correlation to investigate correlation between annual precipitation and groundwater levels, showed a maximum correlation at a lag of about 17 years in the southern part of the valley and about 25 years in the northern part, indicating that, although variable sources and traveltimes of recharged water may be needed to propagate to each location, the strongest correlation at each well is with precipitation that was recharged 17 and 25 years prior to the groundwater response in that well. Assuming a constant flow of groundwater from the southern to the northern part of the valley, a decrease in recharge is expected to lead to a decrease in aquifer storage. As to the comparatively stable groundwater levels in the northern part, pumpage is still only about one-half what it was in the early 1980s, even though pumpage has increased there since the 1990s. Water levels in most wells in the northern part were drawn down prior to the decrease in pumping in the early 1980s, possibly owing to a combination of pumping and the nearly 20-year midcentury drought that occurred between 1940 and 1960. Water levels were in the process of recovering when the increase in pumping occurred in the 1990s. Because the water levels were recovering (increasing) instead of remaining static, the increased pumping may have only limited the recovery rather than causing a decrease in water levels, as a new quasi-equilibrium state may have been reached. Additional possible causes for the stable groundwater levels include (1) upgradient aquifer transmissivity that was high enough to offset pumping, (2) a low-permeability barrier, such as bedrock or clay, at the north end of the valley that caused groundwater pooling, (3) higher lateral inflow of groundwater in the northern part of the valley, (4) a delay in the effect of storage declines propagating from the south, or (5) some combination thereof.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20215050","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Owen-Joyce, S.J., Callegary, J.B., and Rosebrough, A.E., 2021, Preliminary geohydrologic assessment of Buenos Aires National Wildlife Refuge, Altar Valley, southeastern Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2021–5050, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20215050.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 29 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"29","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-118417","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":391517,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5050/sir20215050.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":391518,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9QST8OX","linkHelpText":"Groundwater well data and annual groundwater pumpage data (1984–2019) in Altar Valley, Arizona"},{"id":391516,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5050/covrthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Altar Valley, Buenos Aires National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.56341552734375,\n 31.459125370764387\n ],\n [\n -111.34780883789062,\n 31.459125370764387\n ],\n [\n -111.34780883789062,\n 31.81864727496152\n ],\n [\n -111.56341552734375,\n 31.81864727496152\n ],\n [\n -111.56341552734375,\n 31.459125370764387\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Director,
Arizona Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
520 N. Park Avenue
Tucson, AZ 85719

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"publishedDate":"2021-11-10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-11-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Owen-Joyce, Sandra J. 0000-0002-4400-5618 sjowen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4400-5618","contributorId":5215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Owen-Joyce","given":"Sandra","email":"sjowen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":826481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Callegary, James B. 0000-0003-3604-0517 jcallega@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3604-0517","contributorId":2171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Callegary","given":"James","email":"jcallega@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rosebrough, Amy Elizabeth","contributorId":268353,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rosebrough","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"Elizabeth","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":826483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70225612,"text":"cir1485 - 2021 - U.S. Geological Survey invasive species research—Improving detection, awareness, decision support, and control","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-31T14:43:28.639583","indexId":"cir1485","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-08T08:50:00","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1485","displayTitle":"U.S. Geological Survey Invasive Species Research—Improving Detection, Awareness, Decision Support, and Control","title":"U.S. Geological Survey invasive species research—Improving detection, awareness, decision support, and control","docAbstract":"

More than 6,500 nonindigenous species are now established in the United States, posing risks to human and wildlife health, native plants and animals, and our valued ecosystems. The annual environmental, economic, and health-related costs of invasive species are substantial. Invasive species can drive native species onto the endangered species list, resulting in associated regulatory costs; exacerbate the threat of wildland fire, which destroys property and threatens lives; increase the cost of delivering water and power; damage infrastructure; and degrade recreation opportunities and discourage tourism. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) works with sister agencies in the U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI) and other Federal, State, and territorial agencies, Tribes, and other stakeholders to provide information and tools needed to help solve problems posed by invasive species across the country. Key components of USGS invasive species science include developing novel prevention, forecasting, early detection, decision support, and control tools.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/cir1485","isbn":"978-1-4113-4459-4","usgsCitation":"Tam, C.K., Daniel, W.M., Campbell, E., English, J.J., and Soileau, S.C., 2021, U.S. Geological Survey invasive species research—Improving detection, awareness, decision support, and control (ver. 1.1, May 2022): U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1485, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1485.","productDescription":"iv, 28 p.","numberOfPages":"28","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-122383","costCenters":[{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":391017,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1485/cir1485.pdf","text":"Report","size":"10.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"CIR 1485"},{"id":391165,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1485/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":401312,"rank":3,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1485/versionHist.txt","size":"3.03 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0: November 3, 2021; Version 1.1: May 31, 2022","contact":"

Associate Director, Ecosystems Mission Area
U.S. Geological Survey
Mail Stop 300
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192

Contact Pubs Warehouse

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"publishedDate":"2021-11-03","revisedDate":"2022-05-31","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tam, Cindy Kolar 0000-0001-6634-2343","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6634-2343","contributorId":214652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tam","given":"Cindy Kolar","affiliations":[{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":825913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Daniel, Wesley M. 0000-0002-7656-8474 wdaniel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7656-8474","contributorId":194723,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daniel","given":"Wesley","email":"wdaniel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":825914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Campbell, Earl 0000-0002-4073-1276","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4073-1276","contributorId":210698,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Campbell","given":"Earl","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":825915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"English, James J. 0000-0002-2412-2518 jjenglish@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2412-2518","contributorId":268146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"English","given":"James","email":"jjenglish@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":825917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Soileau, Suzanna C. 0000-0002-4331-0098 ssoileau@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4331-0098","contributorId":198208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soileau","given":"Suzanna","email":"ssoileau@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":825916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70231399,"text":"70231399 - 2021 - Hydrogeomorphic recovery and temporal changes in rainfall thresholds for debris flows following wildfire","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-10T11:46:01.87279","indexId":"70231399","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-08T06:42:47","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7357,"text":"JGR Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrogeomorphic recovery and temporal changes in rainfall thresholds for debris flows following wildfire","docAbstract":"

Wildfire-induced changes to soil and vegetation promote runoff-generated debris flows in steep watersheds. Postfire debris flows are most commonly observed in steep watersheds during the first wet season following a wildfire, but it is unclear how long the elevated threat of debris flow persists and why debris-flow potential changes in recovering burned areas. This work quantifies how rainfall intensity-duration (ID) thresholds for debris-flow initiation change with time since burning and provides a mechanistic explanation for these changes. We constrained a hydrologic model using field and remotely sensed measurements of soil-infiltration capacity, vegetation cover, runoff, and debris-flow activity. We applied this model to estimate rainfall ID thresholds for debris-flow initiation within three burned areas in the southwestern United States over a postfire recovery period of three to four years. Modeling suggests ID thresholds are lowest immediately following the fire (below a one-year recurrence interval [RI] storm) and increase with time, such that a 10- to 25-year RI storm would be required to generate a debris flow after three years of recovery. Modeled changes in rainfall ID thresholds result from increases in soil infiltration capacity, canopy interception, hydraulic roughness, and median grain size of sediment entrained in an incipient debris flow. The relative importance of each of these factors varied among our three sites. Results improve our ability to assess temporal changes in postfire debris-flow potential, highlight how site-specific factors may alter the persistence of postfire debris-flow hazards, and provide additional constraints on the timescale of recovery following wildfire.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2021JF006374","usgsCitation":"Hoch, O.J., McGuire, L.A., Youberg, A.M., and Rengers, F.K., 2021, Hydrogeomorphic recovery and temporal changes in rainfall thresholds for debris flows following wildfire: JGR Earth Surface, v. 126, no. 12, e2021JF006374, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JF006374.","productDescription":"e2021JF006374, 26 p.","ipdsId":"IP-133449","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487544,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2021jf006374","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":400378,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California, New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Buzzard Fire, Fish Fire, Pinal Fire","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -108.8525390625,\n 33.54139466898275\n ],\n [\n -107.75390625,\n 33.54139466898275\n ],\n [\n -107.75390625,\n 34.397844946449865\n ],\n [\n -108.8525390625,\n 34.397844946449865\n ],\n [\n -108.8525390625,\n 33.54139466898275\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.30078124999997,\n 33.8521697014074\n ],\n [\n -117.44384765624997,\n 33.8521697014074\n ],\n [\n -117.44384765624997,\n 34.59704151614417\n ],\n [\n -118.30078124999997,\n 34.59704151614417\n ],\n [\n -118.30078124999997,\n 33.8521697014074\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.03857421874997,\n 33.10074540514422\n ],\n [\n -111.09374999999999,\n 33.10074540514422\n ],\n [\n -111.09374999999999,\n 33.779147331286474\n ],\n [\n -112.03857421874997,\n 33.779147331286474\n ],\n [\n -112.03857421874997,\n 33.10074540514422\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"126","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-11-28","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoch, Olivia J.","contributorId":291569,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoch","given":"Olivia","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":52636,"text":"Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":842507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGuire, Luke A. 0000-0001-8178-7922 lmcguire@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8178-7922","contributorId":203420,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McGuire","given":"Luke","email":"lmcguire@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":842508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Youberg, Ann M. 0000-0002-2005-3674","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2005-3674","contributorId":172609,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Youberg","given":"Ann","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6672,"text":"former: USGS Southwest Biological Science Center, Colorado Plateau Research Station, Flagstaff, AZ. Current address: TN-SCORE, Univ of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, e-mail: jennen@gmail.com","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":842509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rengers, Francis K. 0000-0002-1825-0943 frengers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1825-0943","contributorId":150422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rengers","given":"Francis","email":"frengers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":842510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70226154,"text":"70226154 - 2021 - Carbon and ecohydrological priorities in managing woody encroachment: UAV perspective 63 years after a control treatment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-10T17:42:20.47679","indexId":"70226154","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-08T06:17:29","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1562,"text":"Environmental Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Carbon and ecohydrological priorities in managing woody encroachment: UAV perspective 63 years after a control treatment","docAbstract":"

Woody encroachment, including both woody species expansion and density increase, is a globally observed phenomenon that deteriorates arid and semi-arid rangeland health, biodiversity, and ecosystem services. Mechanical and chemical control treatments are commonly performed to reduce woody cover and restore ecohydrologic function. While the immediate impacts of woody control treatments are well documented in short-term studies, treatment impacts at decadal scales are not commonly studied. Using a controlled herbicide treatment from 1954 in the Sierra Ancha Experimental Forest in central Arizona, USA, we quantify woody encroachment and associated aboveground carbon accumulation in treated and untreated watersheds. Woody encroachment and aboveground carbon are estimated using high resolution multispectral images and photogrammetric data from a fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). We then combine the contemporary UAV image-derived estimates with historical records from immediately before and after the treatment to consider long-term trends in woody vegetation cover, aboveground carbon, water yield, and sedimentation. Our results indicate that the treatment has had a lasting impact. More than six decades later, woody cover in two treated watersheds are still significantly lower compared to two control watersheds, even though woody cover increased in all four drainages. Aboveground woody carbon in the treated watersheds is approximately one half that accumulated in the control watersheds. The historical records indicate that herbicide treatment also increased water yield and reduced annual sedimentation. Given the sustained reduction in woody cover and aboveground woody biomass in treated watersheds, we infer that the herbicide treatment has had similarly long lasting impacts on ecohydrological function. Land managers can consider legacy impacts from control treatments to better balance carbon and ecohydrological consequences of woody encroachment and treatment activities.

","language":"English","publisher":"IOPScience","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/ac3796","usgsCitation":"Sankey, T.T., Leonard, J., Moore, M., Sankey, J., and Belmonte, A., 2021, Carbon and ecohydrological priorities in managing woody encroachment: UAV perspective 63 years after a control treatment: Environmental Research Letters, 124053, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac3796.","productDescription":"124053, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-129603","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":450259,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac3796","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":391674,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-12-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sankey, Temuulen T.","contributorId":173297,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sankey","given":"Temuulen","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":7202,"text":"NAU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leonard, Jackson","contributorId":268790,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leonard","given":"Jackson","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":55664,"text":"USDA Forest Service RMRS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moore, Margaret","contributorId":268791,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moore","given":"Margaret","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52178,"text":"Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sankey, Joel B. 0000-0003-3150-4992","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3150-4992","contributorId":261248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sankey","given":"Joel B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Belmonte, Adam","contributorId":222546,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Belmonte","given":"Adam","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40559,"text":"School of Informatics, Computing, and Cyber Systems, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70228744,"text":"70228744 - 2021 - Effects of stocking density on stress response and susceptibility to infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus in rainbow trout","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-17T13:11:48.571116","indexId":"70228744","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-06T07:07:01","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":8604,"text":"Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of stocking density on stress response and susceptibility to infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus in rainbow trout","docAbstract":"
The goals of this study were to examine the effect of stocking density on the stress response and disease susceptibility in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fish were sorted into one of 2 stocking densities (high density \"HD\", 20-40 kg/m3) or (low density, \"LD\", 4-8 kg/m3) and 3 stress indices (cortisol levels in serum and water, and neutrophil: lymphocyte (N:L) ratios from blood smears) were measured at multiple time points over 21 d. Serum cortisol was significantly increased at 1 h in LD samples and at 14 d in HD samples. Water cortisol concentrations were significantly higher in LD tanks as compared with HD tanks on day 14. N:L ratios were significantly higher in HD tanks on day 14 as compared with LD tanks and with baseline. The effect of stocking density on mortality after exposure to infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) was compared between fish held in HD or LD conditions, with or without prior acclimation to the different density conditions. No significant differences in survival were found between HD and LD treatments or between acclimated and nonacclimated treatments. Cumulative results indicate that 1) 1 to 4 gram rainbow trout did not generally demonstrate significant differences in stress indices at the density conditions tested over a 21-d period, 2) independent differences were found in 3 stress indices at day 14 after sorting into LD and HD holding conditions; and 3) LD and HD stocking densities did not have a significant effect on mortality due to IHNV.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for Laboratory Animal Science","doi":"10.30802/aalas-jaalas-21-000003","usgsCitation":"Klug, J.J., Treuting, P.M., Sanders, G.E., Winton, J., and Kurath, G., 2021, Effects of stocking density on stress response and susceptibility to infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus in rainbow trout: Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science, v. 60, no. 6, p. 637-645, https://doi.org/10.30802/aalas-jaalas-21-000003.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"637","endPage":"645","ipdsId":"IP-127868","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":450262,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8628528","text":"External Repository"},{"id":396092,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"60","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Klug, Jenna J","contributorId":279646,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klug","given":"Jenna","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[{"id":57325,"text":"Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Treuting, Piper M","contributorId":279647,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Treuting","given":"Piper","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":57325,"text":"Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sanders, George E.","contributorId":147207,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sanders","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":16803,"text":"University of Washington, School of Medicine, Dept. of Comparative Medicine, T-160 Health Sciences Center, Seattle, WA 98195","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Winton, James 0000-0002-3505-5509 jwinton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3505-5509","contributorId":179330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"James","email":"jwinton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":835259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kurath, Gael 0000-0003-3294-560X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3294-560X","contributorId":220175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurath","given":"Gael","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":835260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70231396,"text":"70231396 - 2021 - The Boreal-Arctic Wetland and Lake Dataset (BAWLD)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-10T11:50:54.064361","indexId":"70231396","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-05T06:47:34","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1426,"text":"Earth System Science Data","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Boreal-Arctic Wetland and Lake Dataset (BAWLD)","docAbstract":"

Methane emissions from boreal and arctic wetlands, lakes, and rivers are expected to increase in response to warming and associated permafrost thaw. However, the lack of appropriate land cover datasets for scaling field-measured methane emissions to circumpolar scales has contributed to a large uncertainty for our understanding of present-day and future methane emissions. Here we present the Boreal–Arctic Wetland and Lake Dataset (BAWLD), a land cover dataset based on an expert assessment, extrapolated using random forest modelling from available spatial datasets of climate, topography, soils, permafrost conditions, vegetation, wetlands, and surface water extents and dynamics. In BAWLD, we estimate the fractional coverage of five wetland, seven lake, and three river classes within 0.5 × 0.5∘ grid cells that cover the northern boreal and tundra biomes (17 % of the global land surface). Land cover classes were defined using criteria that ensured distinct methane emissions among classes, as indicated by a co-developed comprehensive dataset of methane flux observations. In BAWLD, wetlands occupied 3.2 × 106 km2 (14 % of domain) with a 95 % confidence interval between 2.8 and 3.8 × 106 km2. Bog, fen, and permafrost bog were the most abundant wetland classes, covering ∼ 28 % each of the total wetland area, while the highest-methane-emitting marsh and tundra wetland classes occupied 5 % and 12 %, respectively. Lakes, defined to include all lentic open-water ecosystems regardless of size, covered 1.4 × 106 km2 (6 % of domain). Low-methane-emitting large lakes (>10 km2) and glacial lakes jointly represented 78 % of the total lake area, while high-emitting peatland and yedoma lakes covered 18 % and 4 %, respectively. Small (<0.1 km2) glacial, peatland, and yedoma lakes combined covered 17 % of the total lake area but contributed disproportionally to the overall spatial uncertainty in lake area with a 95 % confidence interval between 0.15 and 0.38 × 106 km2. Rivers and streams were estimated to cover 0.12  × 106 km2 (0.5 % of domain), of which 8 % was associated with high-methane-emitting headwaters that drain organic-rich landscapes. Distinct combinations of spatially co-occurring wetland and lake classes were identified across the BAWLD domain, allowing for the mapping of “wetscapes” that have characteristic methane emission magnitudes and sensitivities to climate change at regional scales. With BAWLD, we provide a dataset which avoids double-accounting of wetland, lake, and river extents and which includes confidence intervals for each land cover class. As such, BAWLD will be suitable for many hydrological and biogeochemical modelling and upscaling efforts for the northern boreal and arctic region, in particular those aimed at improving assessments of current and future methane emissions. Data are freely available at https://doi.org/10.18739/A2C824F9X (Olefeldt et al., 2021).

","language":"English","publisher":"Copernicus Publications","doi":"10.5194/essd-13-5127-2021","usgsCitation":"Olefeldt, D., Hovemyr, M., Kuhn, M., Bastviken, D., Bohn, T., Connolly, J., Crill, P., Euskirchen, E., Finkelstein, S., Genet, H., Grosse, G., Harris, L., Heffernan, L., Helbig, M., Hugelium, G., Hutchins, R., Juutinen, S., Lara, M., Malhotra, A., Manies, K.L., McGuire, A., Natali, S., O’Donnell, J.A., Parmentier, F., Rasanen, A., Schaedel, C., Sonnentag, O., Strack, M., Tank, S., Treat, C., Varner, R., Virtanen, T., Watts, J., and Warren, R., 2021, The Boreal-Arctic Wetland and Lake Dataset (BAWLD): Earth System Science Data, v. 13, p. 5127-5149, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-5127-2021.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"5127","endPage":"5149","ipdsId":"IP-129170","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":450274,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-5127-2021","text":"External Repository"},{"id":400379,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-11-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olefeldt, David","contributorId":169408,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olefeldt","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":32365,"text":"Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":842473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hovemyr, Mikael","contributorId":291509,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hovemyr","given":"Mikael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kuhn, M.A.","contributorId":291510,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kuhn","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bastviken, D","contributorId":264953,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bastviken","given":"D","affiliations":[{"id":54595,"text":"Department of Thematic Studies - Environmental Change, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":842476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bohn, T.J.","contributorId":291513,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bohn","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Connolly, J.","contributorId":291515,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Connolly","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Crill, P.M.","contributorId":248742,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crill","given":"P.M.","affiliations":[{"id":49996,"text":"Stockholm University, Department of Geological Sciences and Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm, Sweden","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":842479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Euskirchen, E.S.","contributorId":216778,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Euskirchen","given":"E.S.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36971,"text":"University of Alaska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":842480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Finkelstein, S.A.","contributorId":257296,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Finkelstein","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Genet, H.","contributorId":291521,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Genet","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Grosse, G.","contributorId":192805,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grosse","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Harris, L.I.","contributorId":291522,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harris","given":"L.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Heffernan, L.","contributorId":291524,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heffernan","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Helbig, M.","contributorId":169378,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Helbig","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25485,"text":"Université de Montréal, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":842486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Hugelium, G.","contributorId":291527,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hugelium","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Hutchins, R.","contributorId":291530,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hutchins","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Juutinen, S.","contributorId":257303,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Juutinen","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Lara, M.J.","contributorId":291534,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lara","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Malhotra, A.","contributorId":291536,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Malhotra","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Manies, Kristen L. 0000-0003-4941-9657 kmanies@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4941-9657","contributorId":2136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manies","given":"Kristen","email":"kmanies@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":842492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"McGuire, A.D.","contributorId":199633,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McGuire","given":"A.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Natali, S.M.","contributorId":291541,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Natali","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"O’Donnell, J. A.","contributorId":195376,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Donnell","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Parmentier, F-J.W.","contributorId":291544,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parmentier","given":"F-J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Rasanen, A.","contributorId":291546,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rasanen","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Schaedel, C.","contributorId":291547,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schaedel","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26},{"text":"Sonnentag, O.","contributorId":257322,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sonnentag","given":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":27},{"text":"Strack, M.","contributorId":291552,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Strack","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":28},{"text":"Tank, S.E.","contributorId":169370,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tank","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12799,"text":"University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":842501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":29},{"text":"Treat, C. C.","contributorId":257236,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Treat","given":"C. C.","affiliations":[{"id":51984,"text":"University of Finland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":842502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":30},{"text":"Varner, R.K.","contributorId":291557,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Varner","given":"R.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":31},{"text":"Virtanen, T.","contributorId":291558,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Virtanen","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":32},{"text":"Watts, J.D.","contributorId":291559,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Watts","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":33},{"text":"Warren, R.K.","contributorId":291562,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Warren","given":"R.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":34}]}} ,{"id":70225637,"text":"sir20215099 - 2021 - Regression models for estimating sediment, nutrient concentrations and loads at School Branch at Brownsburg, Indiana, June 2015 through February 2019","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-05T11:03:38.802132","indexId":"sir20215099","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-04T16:15:00","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2021-5099","displayTitle":"Regression Models for Estimating Sediment, Nutrient Concentrations and Loads at School Branch at Brownsburg, Indiana, June 2015 through February 2019","title":"Regression models for estimating sediment, nutrient concentrations and loads at School Branch at Brownsburg, Indiana, June 2015 through February 2019","docAbstract":"

Sediment and nutrient transport in the School Branch watershed (in central Indiana west of Indianapolis) is considered to be heavily affected by agricultural land use throughout the watershed. In 2015, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Indiana Department of Environmental Management, deployed continuous water-quality monitors and began collecting discrete water-quality samples at the streamflow-gaging station School Branch at CR750N at Brownsburg, Indiana (U.S. Geological Survey station 03353420). Regression models that estimate concentrations of suspended sediment, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus were developed by relating streamflow and continuously monitored water-quality data to concentrations measured in discrete water-quality samples collected from June 2015 through February 2019. Regression model diagnostics indicated that streamflow and sensor-measured turbidity concentrations explained about 95 percent of the variation in suspended-sediment concentration and 73 percent of the variation in total phosphorus concentration. Similarly, streamflow and sensor-measured nitrate plus nitrite concentrations explained about 97 percent of the variation in total nitrogen concentrations.

Daily loads of suspended sediment, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus were computed from regression model concentrations and instantaneous streamflow. The estimated mean daily suspended-sediment discharge (June 2015 through February 2019) was 1.184 tons per day; the estimated median suspended-sediment discharge was 0.053 tons per day. The estimated mean daily total nitrogen discharge (June 2015 through February 2019) was 127.50 pounds per day; the estimated median total nitrogen discharge was 28.49 pounds per day. The estimated mean daily total phosphorus discharge (June 2015 through February 2019) was 12.08 pounds per day; the estimated median total-phosphorus discharge was 1.208 pounds per day.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20215099","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Indiana Department of Environmental Management","usgsCitation":"Downhour, M.S., Bunch, A.R., and Lathrop, T.R., 2021, Regression models for estimating sediment, nutrient concentrations and loads at School Branch at Brownsburg, Indiana, June 2015 through February 2019: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2021–5099, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20215099.","productDescription":"Report: v, 14 p.; Data Release; Dataset","numberOfPages":"24","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-119874","costCenters":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":391136,"rank":4,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN","text":"U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System database","description":"USGS Dataset","linkHelpText":"— USGS water data for the Nation"},{"id":391135,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9YWNBAQ","text":"USGS Data Release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Data and regression model for suspended sediment for School Branch at CR750N at Brownsburg, Indiana June 23, 2015, to February 6, 2019"},{"id":391133,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5099/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":391134,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5099/sir20215099.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.95 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2021–5099"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -86.44866943359375,\n 39.81170080625297\n ],\n [\n -86.23306274414062,\n 39.81170080625297\n ],\n [\n -86.23306274414062,\n 40.01604611654875\n ],\n [\n -86.44866943359375,\n 40.01604611654875\n ],\n [\n -86.44866943359375,\n 39.81170080625297\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Director, Colorado Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS–415
Denver, CO 80225–0046

Contact Pubs Warehouse

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"publishedDate":"2021-11-04","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-11-04","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Downhour, Myles S. 0000-0001-6677-412X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6677-412X","contributorId":218220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Downhour","given":"Myles","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bunch, Aubrey R. 0000-0002-2453-3624 aurbunch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2453-3624","contributorId":4351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunch","given":"Aubrey","email":"aurbunch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lathrop, Timothy R. 0000-0002-3568-1286 trlathro@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3568-1286","contributorId":213061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lathrop","given":"Timothy","email":"trlathro@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70225636,"text":"sir20215038 - 2021 - Groundwater/surface-water interactions in the Partridge River Basin and evaluation of hypothetical future mine pits, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-23T13:15:47.763523","indexId":"sir20215038","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-04T10:55:00","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2021-5038","displayTitle":"Groundwater/Surface-Water Interactions in the Partridge River Basin and Evaluation of Hypothetical Future Mine Pits, Minnesota","title":"Groundwater/surface-water interactions in the Partridge River Basin and evaluation of hypothetical future mine pits, Minnesota","docAbstract":"

The Partridge River Basin (PRB) covers 156 square miles in northeastern Minnesota with headwaters in the Mesabi Iron Range. The basin is characterized by extensive wetlands, lakes, and streams in poorly drained and often thin glacial material overlying Proterozoic bedrock. To better understand the interaction between these extensive surface water features and the groundwater system, a three-dimensional, steady-state, groundwater-flow model of the PRB was developed by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Great Lakes Indian Fish & Wildlife Commission using the finite-difference computer code MODFLOW-NWT. The model simulates steady-state base flow in streams and groundwater interactions using the streamflow routing (SFR2) package. Existing mining features including tailings basins, stockpiles, pumped mine pits, and flooded mine pits were simulated using either high hydraulic conductivity zones or the drain (DRN) package. The unsaturated zone flow (UZF) package was used to better represent the groundwater system in areas with a high water table and for wetlands often associated with such areas. UZF typically is used to represent unsaturated zone processes but also can simulate the rejection of recharge and groundwater discharge to the land surface when the water table is near land surface. The steady-state model used data from the 2011 to 2013 period when 2011 high-resolution land surface (light detecting and ranging [lidar]) data were available that reflected land-surface and water elevations from mining activity in the basin. The parameter-estimation software suite PEST_HP was used to obtain a best fit of the modeled to measured groundwater levels, streamflow, pit inflow rates, and mapped peat deposits. The PEST calibration used the target residuals from two models with the same model parameters and targets from two separate periods: (1) a 1995–2015 calibration model, which provided a larger number of calibration targets, and (2) a 2011–2013 mining conditions model, which included calibration targets that reflected conditions consistent with the modeled mine-workings topography.

Calibration of the PRB model resulted in ranges of glacial horizontal hydraulic conductivity parameters that generally agreed with literature values and other models of the region. Horizontal hydraulic conductivity of the bedrock was higher in the upper bedrock layers where numerous and continuous fractures have been observed and lower in the deeper bedrock layers. Average basin-wide calibrated infiltration was 5.3 inches per year. An average of 4.6 inches per year of infiltration crosses the water table and becomes recharge and 0.7 inch per year is rejected by UZF due to saturated conditions at the land surface. Simulated groundwater runoff (the sum of rejected recharge and groundwater seepage to the land surface) can either be routed to streams or removed from the model as evapotranspiration. The calibrated model indicates relatively shallow groundwater-flow paths dominating and approximately 50 percent of the stream base flow coming from groundwater runoff.

The 2011–2013 mining conditions model was then used to develop five model scenarios simulating the response of the groundwater and surface-water system to potential hydrologic stress. The purpose of these mine pit scenarios is to present a possible workflow to quantify a model’s uncertainty for a given model forecast and serve as a possible guide for initial data collection that may improve a future model’s ability to make such a forecast. The scenarios included one scenario with the currently existing Peter Mitchell pit at final buildout and flooded to an elevation of 1,500 feet, and four scenarios with a hypothetical, new mine pit plus the flooded Peter Mitchell at final buildout. The five model scenarios were used to forecast streamflow at six locations in the PRB, pit inflow rates for the new mine pits and the flooded Peter Mitchell pit, and the average depth to water in 12 wetlands. A linear uncertainty analysis was performed using information from the PEST calibration and tools in the PyEMU python package to assess model uncertainty propagation to the model forecasts. Streamflows generally were reduced with future mining and the greatest streamflow reductions occurred from the flooded Peter Mitchell Pit, probably due to its large size. Average depth to groundwater in wetlands was most affected the closer the wetland was to a new mine pit.

Linear uncertainty methods were also used to evaluate data worth, which is the ability for potential new groundwater elevation observations to reduce the uncertainty in scenario forecasts. Data worth was performed for a grid of new hydraulic head observations. Overall, areas with nonnegligible data worth generally corresponded to wetland areas with no groundwater seepage to land surface from UZF. These model behaviors indicated that the land-surface boundary condition simulated by the UZF package was pinning the groundwater elevations to the land surface in areas with groundwater seepage (33 percent of the 2011–2013 base conditions model) such that the sensitivity to new observations in these areas was minimal. Therefore, representing wetlands as boundary conditions minimized the usefulness of data worth calculations because wetland areas were present over a large part of the model domain.

Probabilistic capture zones were estimated for each of the mines in the model scenarios. A capture zone represents the area contributing recharge to a model feature, like a well or a mine pit, and can be calculated by forward tracking particles from the water table. By using Monte Carlo techniques, it is possible to generate estimated capture zones that include the probability of recharge capture given the uncertainty present in the model. Monte Carlo techniques use randomly generated model parameter sets sampled from a plausible parameter range to create many possible realizations. The resulting capture zone arrays were calculated by tallying the total number of realizations in which a particle from a model cell was captured by the feature. Probabilities from the Monte Carlo runs ranged from 1 (captured in 100 percent of the runs) near the pits to 0 (captured in 0 percent of the runs) at the edges of the capture zone. Capture zones were not always spatially continuous; for example, the capture zone for the proposed mine pits south of the flooded Peter Mitchell pit was discontinuous with capture surrounding the proposed mine pit and north of the flooded Peter Mitchell pit. This northern section represents deeper groundwater flow paths that originate in the topographic high, move under the flooded pit, and discharge into the proposed pit. This pattern of capture indicates the possibility of some deeper flow through the upper fractured bedrock when the shallow groundwater flow system is modified. These results underscore that future site-specific applications of the base condition model require the input of site-specific data and recalibration to focus on the site of interest.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20215038","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Great Lakes Indian Fish & Wildlife Commission","usgsCitation":"Haserodt, M.J., Hunt, R.J., Fienen, M.N., and Feinstein, D.T., 2021, Groundwater/surface-water interactions in the Partridge River Basin and evaluation of hypothetical future mine pits, Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2021–5038, 94 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20215038.","productDescription":"Report: ix, 87 p.; Data Release; Dataset","numberOfPages":"102","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-123210","costCenters":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":391131,"rank":5,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5038/sir20215038.xml","text":"Report xml","size":"277 kB","linkFileType":{"id":8,"text":"xml"},"description":"SIR 2021–5038 xml"},{"id":391130,"rank":4,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN","text":"U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System database","linkHelpText":"— USGS water data for the Nation"},{"id":391132,"rank":6,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5038/images"},{"id":391129,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9VODOU8","text":"USGS Data Release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"MODFLOW-NWT and MODPATH models, capture zones and uncertainty data analysis for the Partridge River Basin, Minnesota"},{"id":391127,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5038/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":391128,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5038/sir20215038.pdf","text":"Report","size":"69.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2021–5038"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Partridge River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.25,\n 47.4\n ],\n [\n -91.75,\n 47.4\n ],\n [\n -91.75,\n 47.8\n ],\n [\n -92.25,\n 47.8\n ],\n [\n -92.25,\n 47.4\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Director, Upper Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1 Gifford Pinchot Drive,
Madison, WI 53726

Contact Pubs Warehouse

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"publishedDate":"2021-11-04","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-11-04","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haserodt, Megan J. 0000-0002-8304-090X mhaserodt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8304-090X","contributorId":174791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haserodt","given":"Megan","email":"mhaserodt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hunt, Randall J. 0000-0001-6465-9304","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6465-9304","contributorId":16118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Randall J.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fienen, Michael N. 0000-0002-7756-4651","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7756-4651","contributorId":245632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fienen","given":"Michael N.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Feinstein, Daniel T. 0000-0003-1151-2530","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1151-2530","contributorId":203888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feinstein","given":"Daniel T.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70225703,"text":"sir20215117 - 2021 - Groundwater hydrology and chemistry of Jamestown Island, Virginia—Potential effects of tides, storm surges, and sea-level rise on archaeological, cultural, and ecological resources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-18T16:34:09.868008","indexId":"sir20215117","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-03T16:25:00","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2021-5117","displayTitle":"Groundwater Hydrology and Chemistry of Jamestown Island, Virginia—Potential Effects of Tides, Storm Surges, and Sea-Level Rise on Archaeological, Cultural, and Ecological Resources","title":"Groundwater hydrology and chemistry of Jamestown Island, Virginia—Potential effects of tides, storm surges, and sea-level rise on archaeological, cultural, and ecological resources","docAbstract":"

As the site of the first permanent English settlement in North America in 1607, Jamestown Island, Colonial National Historical Park (COLO), Virginia, contains a rich archaeological record that extends from the Paleoindian period (15,000 to 8,000 years ago) through the 20th century. The island is located on the lower James River near the mouth of Chesapeake Bay. Jamestown Island vegetation is dominated by upland forests surrounded by tidal, freshwater-to-oligohaline marshes. Along the Virginia coast, relative sea-level rise was more than 2.5 times the global average during the 20th century. Consequently, the National Park Service (NPS) has identified COLO as one of the 25 national parks most threatened by climate change.

Surface waters across the island are hydraulically connected to the laterally continuous Surficial aquifer. The land-surface altitude of the island is low, with two-thirds of the island less than 5 feet (ft) above the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD 88). Consequently, sea-level rise, combined with tides and storm surges, threatens the island and its resources as surface-water and groundwater levels rise, saltwater enters the Surficial aquifer, and groundwater chemistry changes. The impact of sea-level rise on the island’s surface-water resources has been well studied, but groundwater effects have been largely ignored. Quantifying the effects of tides, storm surges, and sea-level rise on groundwater levels and chemistry is essential to developing an effective strategy for managing climate-induced changes. The first step in developing a response strategy includes a parkwide general risk assessment for archaeological sites on the island, so that sites can be prioritized for management actions. The U.S. Geological Survey and the NPS began a study in 2015 to develop a long-term groundwater-monitoring program to evaluate this risk and to develop an updated management strategy.

The groundwater-monitoring program consists of 45 wells and piezometers in two individual clusters and three transects across the island in different hydrologic and chemical settings. Samples for water quality were collected from the wells and piezometers from October 2015 through September 2018 at variable time intervals. Results of the monitoring identified disparate hydrologic and chemical responses to saltwater intrusion across the island. Specific conductance (an indicator of salinity) of groundwater beneath several marshes responded differently to changes in James River salinity. Groundwater response to changes in James River specific conductance appeared to be controlled by land-surface altitude and slope, differences in lateral and vertical sediment characteristics, distance from surface waters, and the degree of surface water/groundwater connectivity between channels and the aquifer.

Groundwater chemistry data from monitoring wells at Black Point, a low-altitude, upland setting, are in contrast with conditions observed in Island House observation wells, a high-altitude, upland setting. Specific conductance (less than 200 microsiemens per centimeter [μS/cm]) and pH (greater than 5.0) of groundwater beneath much of the uplands that characterize the Island House observation wells are typical of groundwater in noncarbonate sedimentary aquifers recharged by precipitation. At Black Point, specific conductance ranged from 2,490 to 15,200 μS/cm, and pH ranged from 3.1 to 6.6 standard units. At the Black Point observation wells, the most saline and dense water was at the water table rather than deeper in the aquifer, causing a density inversion that persisted throughout the study. The density inversion likely resulted from differences in permeability between the shallow clay and fine-grained sands and the deeper coarse-grained sand and gravel. Groundwater with the lowest pH was at the water table. As saline groundwater flows through organic sediment beneath the marshes, bacterial biodegradation of organic matter creates anoxic conditions. Continued biodegradation concomitantly reduces iron-oxide minerals in the sediment and sulfate in saline water. When oxygen is reintroduced into groundwater, iron and sulfur can reoxidize to form sulfuric acid, locally lowering the pH of the water.

This report describes the groundwater monitoring network design, rationale for site selection, monitoring approach, and results of monitoring from October 2015 through September 2018. Maps of inundation at selected water-level altitudes are included to identify the risk to archaeological, cultural, and ecological resources. The monitoring results of the hydrology and chemistry data are interpreted, and the different hydrologic and chemical settings are described. The implications of the study results for management decisions are presented, and suggestions for improving the monitoring network are included.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20215117","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"McCoy, K.J., Rice, K.C., Rickles, E., Frederick, D., Cramer, J., and Geyer, D., 2021, Groundwater hydrology and chemistry of Jamestown Island, Virginia—Potential effects of tides, storm surges, and sea-level rise on archaeological, cultural, and ecological resources: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2021–5117, 50 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20215117.","productDescription":"Report: x, 50 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"50","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-115948","costCenters":[{"id":37280,"text":"Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center ","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":391337,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9K7X61F","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Field parameters and water levels from monitoring sites at Jamestown Island, Virginia, 2016 - 2018"},{"id":391336,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5117/sir20215117.pdf","text":"Report","size":"14.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2021-5117"},{"id":391335,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5117/coverthb2.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Jamestown Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.86309814453125,\n 37.16797725379289\n ],\n [\n -76.48544311523436,\n 37.16797725379289\n ],\n [\n -76.48544311523436,\n 37.36033397019125\n ],\n [\n -76.86309814453125,\n 37.36033397019125\n ],\n [\n -76.86309814453125,\n 37.16797725379289\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Center Director, Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1730 East Parham Road
Richmond, VA 23228

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"publishedDate":"2021-11-03","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCoy, Kurt J. 0000-0002-9756-8238 kjmccoy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9756-8238","contributorId":1391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCoy","given":"Kurt","email":"kjmccoy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37280,"text":"Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center ","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rice, Karen C. 0000-0002-9356-5443 kcrice@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9356-5443","contributorId":178269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"Karen","email":"kcrice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":37280,"text":"Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center ","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rickles, Ellyn","contributorId":268290,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rickles","given":"Ellyn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":826338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Frederick, Dave","contributorId":268291,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Frederick","given":"Dave","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":826339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cramer, Jennifer","contributorId":268292,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cramer","given":"Jennifer","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":826340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Geyer, Dorothy","contributorId":268293,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Geyer","given":"Dorothy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":826341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70230154,"text":"70230154 - 2021 - Distribution of tiger salamanders in northern Sonora, Mexico: Comparison of sampling methods and possible implications for an endangered subspecies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-01T22:09:52.066304","indexId":"70230154","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-03T09:17:49","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":751,"text":"Amphibia-Reptilia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution of tiger salamanders in northern Sonora, Mexico: Comparison of sampling methods and possible implications for an endangered subspecies","docAbstract":"

Many aquatic species in the arid USA-Mexico borderlands region are imperiled, but limited information on distributions and threats often hinders management. To provide information on the distribution of the Western Tiger Salamander (Ambystoma mavortium), including the USA-federally endangered Sonoran Tiger Salamander (Ambystoma mavortium stebbinsi), we used traditional (seines, dip-nets) and modern (environmental DNA [eDNA]) methods to sample 91 waterbodies in northern Sonora, Mexico, during 2015-2018. The endemic Sonoran Tiger Salamander is threatened by introgressive hybridization and potential replacement by another sub-species of the Western Tiger Salamander, the non-native Barred Tiger Salamander (A. m. mavortium). Based on occupancy models that accounted for imperfect detection, eDNA sampling provided a similar detection probability (0.82 [95% CI: 0.56-0.94]) as seining (0.83 [0.46-0.96]) and much higher detection than dip-netting (0.09 [0.02-0.23]). Volume of water filtered had little effect on detection, possibly because turbid sites had greater densities of salamanders. Salamanders were estimated to occur at 51 sites in 3 river drainages in Sonora. These results indicate tiger salamanders are much more widespread in northern Sonora than previously documented, perhaps aided by changes in land and water management practices. However, because the two subspecies of salamanders cannot be reliably distinguished based on morphology or eDNA methods that are based on mitochondrial DNA, we are uncertain if we detected only native genotypes or if we documented recent invasion of the area by the non-native sub-species. Thus, there is an urgent need for methods to reliably distinguish the subspecies so managers can identify appropriate interventions.

","language":"English","publisher":"Brill","doi":"10.1163/15685381-bja10072","usgsCitation":"Hossack, B., Lemos-Espinal, J.A., Sigafus, B., Muths, E., Carreon Arroyo, G., Toyos Martinez, D., Hurtado Felix, D., Molina Padilla, G., Goldberg, C., Jones, T.R., Sredl, M.J., Chambert, T., and Rorabaugh, J.C., 2021, Distribution of tiger salamanders in northern Sonora, Mexico: Comparison of sampling methods and possible implications for an endangered subspecies: Amphibia-Reptilia, v. 43, p. 13-23, https://doi.org/10.1163/15685381-bja10072.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"13","endPage":"23","ipdsId":"IP-108340","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":450280,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Distribution_of_tiger_salamanders_in_northern_Sonora_Mexico_comparison_of_sampling_methods_and_possible_implications_for_an_endangered_subspecies/16802188","text":"External Repository"},{"id":397935,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico","state":"Sonora","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.8515625,\n 30.524413269923986\n ],\n [\n -108.6328125,\n 30.221101852485987\n ],\n [\n -108.80859375,\n 31.50362930577303\n ],\n [\n -111.181640625,\n 31.39115752282472\n ],\n [\n -114.78515624999999,\n 32.54681317351514\n ],\n [\n -114.9169921875,\n 31.952162238024975\n ],\n [\n -114.3017578125,\n 31.57853542647338\n ],\n [\n -113.8623046875,\n 31.541089879585808\n ],\n [\n -113.15917968749999,\n 31.240985378021307\n ],\n [\n -112.8515625,\n 30.524413269923986\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"43","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hossack, Blake R. 0000-0001-7456-9564","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7456-9564","contributorId":229347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hossack","given":"Blake R.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":839312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lemos-Espinal, Julio A.","contributorId":237891,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lemos-Espinal","given":"Julio","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":47636,"text":"FES Iztacala UNAM","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":839313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sigafus, Brent H. 0000-0002-7422-8927","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7422-8927","contributorId":264740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sigafus","given":"Brent H.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":839314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Muths, Erin L. 0000-0002-5498-3132","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5498-3132","contributorId":245922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muths","given":"Erin L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":839315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Carreon Arroyo, Gerardo","contributorId":289549,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carreon Arroyo","given":"Gerardo","affiliations":[{"id":62189,"text":"Naturalia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":839316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Toyos Martinez, Daniel","contributorId":167619,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Toyos Martinez","given":"Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24783,"text":"Naturalia, A.C., El Cajon # 9 Col., Santa Fe, C.P. 83249, Hermosillo, Sonora 83299, Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":839317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hurtado Felix, David","contributorId":289550,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hurtado Felix","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":839318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Molina Padilla, Guillermo","contributorId":289551,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Molina Padilla","given":"Guillermo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37275,"text":"none","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":839319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Goldberg, Caren S.","contributorId":289552,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goldberg","given":"Caren S.","affiliations":[{"id":37380,"text":"Washington State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":839320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Jones, T. R.","contributorId":289553,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":54870,"text":"Arizona Game and Fish Dept","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":839321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Sredl, M. J.","contributorId":289554,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sredl","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":54870,"text":"Arizona Game and Fish Dept","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":839322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Chambert, Thierry 0000-0002-9450-9080 tchambert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9450-9080","contributorId":191979,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chambert","given":"Thierry","email":"tchambert@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":839323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Rorabaugh, J. C.","contributorId":289555,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rorabaugh","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":839324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70225712,"text":"70225712 - 2021 - Seven decades of coastal change at Barter Island, Alaska: Exploring the importance of waves and temperature on erosion of coastal permafrost bluffs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-04T14:03:24.155896","indexId":"70225712","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-03T08:55:37","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seven decades of coastal change at Barter Island, Alaska: Exploring the importance of waves and temperature on erosion of coastal permafrost bluffs","docAbstract":"

Observational data of coastal change over much of the Arctic are limited largely due to its immensity, remoteness, harsh environment, and restricted periods of sunlight and ice-free conditions. Barter Island, Alaska, is one of the few locations where an extensive, observational dataset exists, which enables a detailed assessment of the trends and patterns of coastal change over decadal to annual time scales. Coastal bluff and shoreline positions were delineated from maps, aerial photographs, and satellite imagery acquired between 1947 and 2020, and at a nearly annual rate since 2004. Rates and patterns of shoreline and bluff change varied widely over the observational period. Shorelines showed a consistent trend of southerly erosion and westerly extension of the western termini of Barter Island and Bernard Spit, which has accelerated since at least 2000. The 3.2 km long stretch of ocean-exposed coastal permafrost bluffs retreated on average 114 m and at a maximum of 163 m at an average long-term rate (70 year) of 1.6 ± 0.1 m/yr. The long-term retreat rate was punctuated by individual years with retreat rates up to four times higher (6.6 ± 1.9 m/yr; 2012–2013) and both long-term (multidecadal) and short-term (annual to semiannual) rates showed a steady increase in retreat rates through time, with consistently high rates since 2015. A best-fit polynomial trend indicated acceleration in retreat rates that was independent of the large spatial and temporal variations observed on an annual basis. Rates and patterns of bluff retreat were correlated to incident wave energy and air and water temperatures. Wave energy was found to be the dominant driver of bluff retreat, followed by sea surface temperatures and warming air temperatures that are considered proxies for evaluating thermo-erosion and denudation. Normalized anomalies of cumulative wave energy, duration of open water, and air and sea temperature showed at least three distinct phases since 1979: a negative phase prior to 1987, a mixed phase between 1987 and the early to late 2000s, followed by a positive phase extending to 2020. The duration of the open-water season has tripled since 1979, increasing from approximately 40 to 140 days. Acceleration in retreat rates at Barter Island may be related to increases in both thermodenudation, associated with increasing air temperature, and the number of niche-forming and block-collapsing episodes associated with higher air and water temperature, more frequent storms, and longer ice-free conditions in the Beaufort Sea.

","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/rs13214420","usgsCitation":"Gibbs, A.E., Erikson, L.H., Jones, B., Richmond, B., and Engelstad, A.C., 2021, Seven decades of coastal change at Barter Island, Alaska: Exploring the importance of waves and temperature on erosion of coastal permafrost bluffs: Remote Sensing, v. 13, no. 21, 4420, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13214420.","productDescription":"4420, 25 p.","ipdsId":"IP-127799","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":450281,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13214420","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":391383,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Barter Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -143.82545471191406,\n 70.08547429861382\n ],\n [\n -143.4814453125,\n 70.08547429861382\n ],\n [\n -143.4814453125,\n 70.1478274118401\n ],\n [\n -143.82545471191406,\n 70.1478274118401\n ],\n [\n -143.82545471191406,\n 70.08547429861382\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"13","issue":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gibbs, Ann E. 0000-0002-0883-3774 agibbs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0883-3774","contributorId":2644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gibbs","given":"Ann","email":"agibbs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Erikson, Li H. 0000-0002-8607-7695 lerikson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8607-7695","contributorId":149963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erikson","given":"Li","email":"lerikson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, Benjamin M. 0000-0002-1517-4711","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1517-4711","contributorId":208625,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Benjamin M.","affiliations":[{"id":37848,"text":"Water and Environmental Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, UNITED STATES","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":826382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Richmond, Bruce M. 0000-0002-0056-5832","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0056-5832","contributorId":268302,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Richmond","given":"Bruce M.","affiliations":[{"id":55619,"text":"USGS Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center (emeritus, dec.)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Engelstad, Anita C 0000-0002-0211-4189","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0211-4189","contributorId":268303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engelstad","given":"Anita","email":"","middleInitial":"C","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70226448,"text":"70226448 - 2021 - Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for detection of Asian fish tapeworm, Schyzocotyle acheilognathi (Yamaguti, 1934) [syn. Bothriocephalus acheilognathi]","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-18T13:05:42.128647","indexId":"70226448","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-03T07:04:30","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2414,"text":"Journal of Parasitology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for detection of Asian fish tapeworm, Schyzocotyle acheilognathi (Yamaguti, 1934) [syn. Bothriocephalus acheilognathi]","docAbstract":"

The Asian fish tapeworm (Schyzocotyle acheilognathi syn. Bothriocephalus acheilognathi) (AFT) is an invasive parasite that can infect many species of fish, although most hosts are primarily members of Cyprinidae. Pathogenicity has most often been reported in aquaculture settings in fry and fingerling stages of carp (Cyprinus spp.). More recently, it has been shown to cause growth retardation in the endangered bonytail chub (Gila elegans) and found to be widespread in populations of endangered humpback chub (Gila cypha) in the Colorado River, Grand Canyon, Arizona. AFT spreads most often through the transport of infected fish, particularly baitfish. Despite its harmful potential, there is no efficient or accurate ante mortem test to detect AFT in water or fish samples before transport. Herein, we report on the development of a sensitive and specific loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay to detect the parasite in under 30 min from laboratory prepared samples. Six LAMP primers were designed to amplify a variable region of the 18S ribosomal RNA gene in AFT with the detection and quantification of DNA on a real-time fluorometer. The limit of detection was 1 × 101 copies/µl of DNA extracted from as few as 2 AFT eggs. Future application of our assay would be a low-cost test to rapidly and accurately detect AFT DNA from environmental samples on-site so that preventive actions can be taken to halt the spread of the AFT through the movement of infected fish.

","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.1645/21-56","usgsCitation":"Hofmeister, E.K., Georgousi, F.A., Lund, M., Roderick, C., Choudhury, A., Whelan, G., and Cole, R.A., 2021, Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for detection of Asian fish tapeworm, Schyzocotyle acheilognathi (Yamaguti, 1934) [syn. Bothriocephalus acheilognathi]: Journal of Parasitology, v. 107, no. 6, p. 846-852, https://doi.org/10.1645/21-56.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"846","endPage":"852","ipdsId":"IP-120080","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":391860,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"107","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hofmeister, Erik K. 0000-0002-2305-519X ehofmeister@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2305-519X","contributorId":269350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hofmeister","given":"Erik","email":"ehofmeister@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Georgousi, Fiona Antigoni 0000-0002-9376-0724","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9376-0724","contributorId":264946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Georgousi","given":"Fiona","email":"","middleInitial":"Antigoni","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lund, Melissa 0000-0003-4577-2015 mlund@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4577-2015","contributorId":177923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lund","given":"Melissa","email":"mlund@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roderick, Constance 0000-0001-8330-8024","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8330-8024","contributorId":215346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roderick","given":"Constance","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Choudhury, Anindo 0000-0001-7553-4179","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7553-4179","contributorId":82268,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Choudhury","given":"Anindo","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":826941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Whelan, Gary","contributorId":146115,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whelan","given":"Gary","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16584,"text":"Fisheries Division, Michigan Department of Natural Resources, P.O. Box 30446, Lansing, MI 48909","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cole, Rebecca A. 0000-0003-2923-1622 rcole@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2923-1622","contributorId":2873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cole","given":"Rebecca","email":"rcole@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70226135,"text":"70226135 - 2021 - Expanding freshwater biologger studies to view fish as environmental sensing platforms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-06T17:30:38.654159","indexId":"70226135","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-03T07:01:43","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2681,"text":"Marine and Freshwater Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Expanding freshwater biologger studies to view fish as environmental sensing platforms","docAbstract":"

While recording fish habitat use by electronic sensors, biologgers can also be viewed as autonomous environmental monitoring systems with the organism as a vehicle. This dual perspective has provided novel results from marine ecosystems, but has not been applied to freshwater ecosystems. To understand limitations in fresh water, we evaluated miniature depth and temperature recorders as aquatic monitoring systems in a Laurentian Great Lake: Erie. As part of an acoustic telemetry study, biologgers were opportunistically implanted in a subsample of walleye Sander vitreus. Biologgers recorded temperature and depth at half-hour intervals for up to 1 year. Recaptures provided six biologgers for analysis of seasonal temperature patterns and lake stratification, key variables for understanding dimictic lakes. Depth-resolved temperature patterns showed close correspondence with independent weather buoy measurements. Because the buoy was deployed late in the season, biologger data provided improved estimates of the start of stratification, which had important implications for understanding development of hypoxia in the hypolimnion. Drawbacks to biologger data included imprecise knowledge of fish location and reliance on tag recoveries from the fishery. Optimistically, our results show how biologgers could be part of a monitoring approach that integrates limnological surveys with fisheries science.

","language":"English","publisher":"CSIRO","doi":"10.1071/MF21046","usgsCitation":"Kraus, R., Bontrager, H., Vandergoot, C., and Faust, M., 2021, Expanding freshwater biologger studies to view fish as environmental sensing platforms: Marine and Freshwater Research, v. 73, no. 1, p. 133-139, https://doi.org/10.1071/MF21046.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"133","endPage":"139","ipdsId":"IP-126415","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":436124,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9CK4NE3","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Temperature and Depth Data from Walleye Archival Data Logging Tags in Lake Erie, 2014"},{"id":391611,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"73","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kraus, Richard 0000-0003-4494-1841","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4494-1841","contributorId":216548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kraus","given":"Richard","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bontrager, Helen","contributorId":268768,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bontrager","given":"Helen","affiliations":[{"id":12697,"text":"University of Georgia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vandergoot, Chris","contributorId":268769,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vandergoot","given":"Chris","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Faust, Matthew","contributorId":268770,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Faust","given":"Matthew","affiliations":[{"id":16232,"text":"Ohio Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70225716,"text":"70225716 - 2021 - A basin-scale approach to estimating recharge in the desert: Anza-Cahuilla groundwater basin, CA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-25T17:10:28.774338","indexId":"70225716","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-02T09:09:16","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A basin-scale approach to estimating recharge in the desert: Anza-Cahuilla groundwater basin, CA","docAbstract":"

The Anza-Cahuilla groundwater basin located mainly in the semi-arid headwaters of the Santa Margarita River watershed in southern California is the principle source of groundwater for a rural disadvantaged community and two Native American Tribes, the Ramona Band of Cahuilla and the Cahuilla. Groundwater in the study area is derived entirely from precipitation and managing groundwater sustainably requires an accurate assessment of the water balance components, yet long-term estimates do not exist. Demand for groundwater in the region has increased and groundwater quality has decreased due to population growth and increased irrigated cropland. To characterize monthly long-term natural recharge and runoff estimates, a physically-based water balance model (Basin Characterization Model) was locally calibrated and validated using nearby streamgages and published estimates of climatic and hydrologic variables. The average modeled annual recharge and runoff from 1981 to 2010 was 5.4 × 106 and 1.2 × 107 m3, respectively, for the study area. Recharge and runoff do not reliably occur in large amounts every year and recharge rarely occurs in the groundwater basin footprint. These long-term estimates can be used by water managers, stakeholders, and Native American Tribes to develop plans for sustainable management of future water resources, and as inputs to a three-dimensional groundwater model.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.12971","usgsCitation":"Stern, M.A., Flint, L.E., Flint, A.L., and Christensen, A.H., 2021, A basin-scale approach to estimating recharge in the desert: Anza-Cahuilla groundwater basin, CA: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 57, no. 6, p. 990-1003, https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.12971.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"990","endPage":"1003","ipdsId":"IP-119217","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":450287,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.12971","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436125,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9BAMCP4","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Basin Characterization Model (BCMv8) monthly recharge and runoff for the Anza-Cahuilla Groundwater Basin, California"},{"id":391385,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Anza-Cahuilla groundwater basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.9166,\n 33.3333\n ],\n [\n -116.25,\n 33.3333\n ],\n [\n -116.25,\n 33.75\n ],\n [\n -116.9166,\n 33.75\n ],\n [\n -116.9166,\n 33.3333\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"57","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-11-02","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stern, Michelle A. 0000-0003-3030-7065 mstern@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3030-7065","contributorId":4244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stern","given":"Michelle","email":"mstern@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flint, Lorraine E. 0000-0002-7868-441X lflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7868-441X","contributorId":1184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Lorraine","email":"lflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Flint, Alan L. 0000-0002-5118-751X aflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5118-751X","contributorId":1492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Alan","email":"aflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Christensen, Allen H. 0000-0002-7061-5591 ahchrist@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7061-5591","contributorId":1510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christensen","given":"Allen","email":"ahchrist@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}