The health benefits of regular consumption of fish and seafood have been espoused for many years. However, fish are also a potential source of environmental contaminants that have well known adverse effects on human health. We investigated the consumption risks for largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides; n = 104) and striped mullet (Mugil cephalus; n = 170), two commonly harvested and consumed fish species inhabiting fresh and estuarine waters in northwest Florida. Skinless fillets were analyzed for total mercury, inorganic arsenic, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/F), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and organochlorine pesticides. Contaminant levels were compared to screening values (SV) calculated using U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) recommendations for establishing consumption advisories. Largemouth bass were found to contain high levels of total mercury at all sampling locations (0.37–0.89 ug/g) and one location exhibited elevated total PCBs (39.4 ng/g). All of the samples exceeded Florida fish consumption advisory trigger levels for total mercury and one location exceeded the U.S. EPA SV for total PCBs. As a result of the high mercury levels, the non-cancer health risks (hazard index–HI) for bass were above 1 for all locations. Striped mullet from several locations with known point sources contained elevated levels of PCBs (overall range 3.4–59.3 ng/g). However, total mercury levels in mullet were low. Eight of the 16 mullet sampling locations exceeded the U.S. EPA SV for total PCBs and two locations exceeded an HI of 1 due to elevated PCBs. Despite the elevated levels of total PCBs in some samples, only two locations exceeded the acceptable cancer risk range and therefore cancer health risks from consumption of bass and mullet were determined to be low at most sampling locations.
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The data were collected during a series of studies designed to estimate passage and survival probabilities at McNary (2002-09) and John Day (2002-03) Dams on the Columbia River during controlled experiments of structures or operations at spillways. Relatively few tagged fish passed turbines in any single study, but sample sizes generally were adequate for our analyses when data were combined from studies using common methods over a series of years. We used information-theoretic methods to evaluate biological, operational, and group covariates by creating models fitting linear (all covariates) or curvilinear (operational covariates only) functions to the data. Biological covariates included tag burden, weight, and water temperature; operational covariates included spill percentage, total discharge, hydraulic head, and turbine unit discharge; and group covariates included year, treatment, and photoperiod. Several interactions between the variables also were considered. Support of covariates by the data was assessed by comparing the Akaike Information Criterion of competing models. The analyses were conducted because there was a lack of information about factors affecting survival of fish passing turbines volitionally and the data were available from past studies. The depth of acclimation, tag size relative to fish size (tag burden), turbine unit discharge, and area of entry into the turbine intake have been shown to affect turbine passage survival of juvenile salmonids in other studies. This study indicates that turbine passage survival of the study fish was primarily affected by biological covariates rather than operational covariates. A negative effect of tag burden was strongly supported in data from yearling Chinook salmon at John Day and McNary dams, but not for subyearling Chinook salmon or juvenile steelhead. The negative effect of tag burden in data we examined from yearling Chinook salmon supports the recent findings from laboratory studies of barotrauma effects. A curvilinear (quadratic) effect of turbine unit discharge was weakly supported in data from subyearling Chinook salmon at John Day Dam. The maximum survival from those data was estimated to occur at a discharge of 15.9 thousand cubic feet per second, but the estimate was imprecise (95 percent confidence interval of -1.7-33.7 thousand cubic feet per second). This estimate is within the range of 1 percent of peak turbine operating efficiency (12.0-21.6 thousand cubic feet per second), but is lower than the 17.2 thousand cubic feet per second discharge at peak operating efficiency (at a head of 102 feet near the median in the data we examined). Effects of water temperature were supported in four of the five examined data sets and were strongly supported in all but one. Spill percentage, head, and total discharge received weak or moderate support in some cases. The results are consistent with those of several controlled field experiments of turbine discharge. Studies based on the Hi-Z Turb'N tag (balloon tag) often show small, generally statistically insignificant, differences in survival at different turbine discharge levels. Some studies also show that a quadratic equation can be well fit to the relation of survival and turbine unit discharge. The lack of support for the operational covariates in most of the data sets we examined may be due to the small effect turbine discharge has even in controlled studies, the observational nature of the data we used, and the evaluation method. We assessed support of the data for models of linear and quadratic effects, whereas controlled experiments often statistically compare the point estimates of survival from each operational treatment studied. The results of our analyses suggest tag burden should be minimized or controlled for in analyses of future stu","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111227","collaboration":"Contributors: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Fisheries, and prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Beeman, J., Hansel, H., Perry, R., Hockersmith, E., and Sandford, B., 2011, Analyses of potential factors affecting survival of juvenile salmonids volitionally passing through turbines at McNary and John Day Dams, Columbia River: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1227, viii, 73 p.; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111227.","productDescription":"viii, 73 p.; Appendices","onlineOnly":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":121131,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1227.jpg"},{"id":91986,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1227/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon;Washington","otherGeospatial":"Columbia River;Mcnary Dam;John Day Dam","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.91666666666667,45.25 ], [ -120.91666666666667,46 ], [ -119.11666666666666,46 ], [ -119.11666666666666,45.25 ], [ -120.91666666666667,45.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad5e4b07f02db68386f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beeman, John","contributorId":14559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeman","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hansel, Hal","contributorId":65947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansel","given":"Hal","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Perry, Russell","contributorId":33829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"Russell","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hockersmith, Eric","contributorId":56781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hockersmith","given":"Eric","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sandford, Ben","contributorId":43904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandford","given":"Ben","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70156765,"text":"70156765 - 2011 - Evolution of redox processes in groundwater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-22T14:38:03.272027","indexId":"70156765","displayToPublicDate":"2011-09-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Evolution of redox processes in groundwater","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
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Although climate and nutrient availability regulate net primary production (NPP) and decomposition in all terrestrial ecosystems, the nature and extent of such controls in tropical forests remain poorly resolved. We conducted a meta-analysis of carbon-nutrient-climate relationships in 113 sites across the tropical forest biome. Our analyses showed that mean annual temperature was the strongest predictor of aboveground NPP (ANPP) across all tropical forests, but this relationship was driven by distinct temperature differences between upland and lowland forests. Within lowland forests (< 1000 m), a regression tree analysis revealed that foliar and soil-based measurements of phosphorus (P) were the only variables that explained a significant proportion of the variation in ANPP, although the relationships were weak. However, foliar P, foliar nitrogen (N), litter decomposition rate (k), soil N and soil respiration were all directly related with total surface (0–10 cm) soil P concentrations. Our analysis provides some evidence that P availability regulates NPP and other ecosystem processes in lowland tropical forests, but more importantly, underscores the need for a series of large-scale nutrient manipulations – especially in lowland forests – to elucidate the most important nutrient interactions and controls.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01658.x","usgsCitation":"Cleveland, C.C., Townsend, A.R., Taylor, P., Alvarez-Clare, S., Bustamante, M., Chuyong, G., Dobrowski, S.Z., Grierson, P., Harms, K.E., Houlton, B.Z., Marklein, A., Parton, W., Porder, S., Reed, S.C., Sierra, C., Silver, W., Tanner, E., and Wieder, W.R., 2011, Relationships among net primary productivity, nutrients and climate in tropical rain forest: A pan-tropical analysis: Ecology Letters, v. 14, no. 9, p. 939-947, 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","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The eastern San Juan Mountains: Their ecology, geology, and human history","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"University Press of Colorado","usgsCitation":"Lipman, P.W., and McIntosh, W., 2011, Tertiary volcanism in the eastern San Juan mountains, chap. of The eastern San Juan Mountains: Their ecology, geology, and human history, p. 17-37.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"17","endPage":"37","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":405599,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":405597,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46nssv"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"eastern San Juan Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.5177001953125,\n 36.99377838872517\n ],\n [\n -106.160888671875,\n 36.99377838872517\n ],\n [\n -106.160888671875,\n 38.363195134453846\n ],\n [\n -107.5177001953125,\n 38.363195134453846\n ],\n [\n -107.5177001953125,\n 36.99377838872517\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lipman, Peter W. 0000-0001-9175-6118 plipman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9175-6118","contributorId":3486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lipman","given":"Peter","email":"plipman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":849686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McIntosh, William C.","contributorId":48638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McIntosh","given":"William C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":849687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70171011,"text":"70171011 - 2011 - Simulation of branched serial first-order decay of atrazine and metabolites in adapted and nonadapted soils","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-27T14:35:46.88476","indexId":"70171011","displayToPublicDate":"2011-09-01T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simulation of branched serial first-order decay of atrazine and metabolites in adapted and nonadapted soils","docAbstract":"In the present study a branched serial first-order decay (BSFOD) model is presented and used to derive transformation rates describing the decay of a common herbicide, atrazine, and its metabolites observed in unsaturated soils adapted to previous atrazine applications and in soils with no history of atrazine applications. Calibration of BSFOD models for soils throughout the country can reduce the uncertainty, relative to that of traditional models, in predicting the fate and transport of pesticides and their metabolites and thus support improved agricultural management schemes for reducing threats to the environment. Results from application of the BSFOD model to better understand the degradation of atrazine supports two previously reported conclusions: atrazine (6-chloro-N-ethyl-N′-(1-methylethyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine) and its primary metabolites are less persistent in adapted soils than in nonadapted soils; and hydroxyatrazine was the dominant primary metabolite in most of the soils tested. In addition, a method to simulate BSFOD in a one-dimensional solute-transport unsaturated zone model is also presented.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Science","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1002/etc.597","usgsCitation":"Webb, R.M., Sandstrom, M.W., Krutz, L.J., and Shaner, D.L., 2011, Simulation of branched serial first-order decay of atrazine and metabolites in adapted and nonadapted soils: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 30, no. 9, p. 1973-1981, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.597.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1973","endPage":"1981","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-019767","costCenters":[{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321276,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-09-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574d664ce4b07e28b6684e43","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Webb, Richard M. 0000-0001-9531-2207 rmwebb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9531-2207","contributorId":1570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"Richard","email":"rmwebb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":629525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sandstrom, Mark W. 0000-0003-0006-5675 sandstro@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0006-5675","contributorId":706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandstrom","given":"Mark","email":"sandstro@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5046,"text":"Branch of Analytical Serv (NWQL)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":629526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Krutz, L. Jason","contributorId":169420,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krutz","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"Jason","affiliations":[{"id":25506,"text":"USDA Agricultural Research Serv., Stoneville, MS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":629528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shaner, Dale L.","contributorId":169419,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shaner","given":"Dale","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":25505,"text":"USDA Agricultural Research Service, Ft. Collins, CO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":629527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70135056,"text":"70135056 - 2011 - Lack of genetic polymorphism among peregrine falcons Falco peregrinus of Fiji","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-25T13:28:48","indexId":"70135056","displayToPublicDate":"2011-09-01T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2190,"text":"Journal of Avian Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Lack of genetic polymorphism among peregrine falcons Falco peregrinus of Fiji","title":"Lack of genetic polymorphism among peregrine falcons Falco peregrinus of Fiji","docAbstract":"We compared levels of genetic diversity and isolation among peregrine falcons Falco peregrinus from two South Pacific island complexes (Fiji and Vanuatu: F. p. nesiotes), relative to other island and mainland populations. Fragment data from 12 microsatellite loci and sequence information from the control region of the mitochondrial DNA indicated levels of genetic variation in the South Pacific populations were lower than other island and mainland populations. Indeed, diversity varied from extremely low (Vanuatu) to completely absent (Fiji). We find little support for a hypothesis that populations on Fiji or Vanuatu were colonized via Australia. The complete lack of polymorphism in peregrine falcons of Fiji is remarkable, and to our knowledge has not been observed in a natural avian population. This lack of polymorphism, and the inability to test for decrease in polymorphism using museum samples, precludes testing whether the lack of genetic diversity in the population on Fiji is due to a recent bottleneck, or sustained isolation over evolutionary time. Increased fertility in eggs of Fiji peregrines upon outbreeding with males from other areas is consistent with inbreeding depression within a population typified by heterozygote deficiency.
","language":"English","publisher":"Scandinavian Ornithologists' Union","publisherLocation":"Copenhagen","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-048X.2011.05280.x","usgsCitation":"Talbot, S.L., Palmer, A.G., Sage, G.K., Sonsthagen, S.A., Swem, T., Brimm, D.J., and White, C., 2011, Lack of genetic polymorphism among peregrine falcons Falco peregrinus of Fiji: Journal of Avian Biology, v. 42, no. 5, p. 415-428, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-048X.2011.05280.x.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"415","endPage":"428","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-022826","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296513,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-11-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54882b56e4b02acb4f0c8c39","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Talbot, Sandra L. 0000-0002-3312-7214 stalbot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3312-7214","contributorId":140512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Sandra","email":"stalbot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Palmer, Angela G.","contributorId":48396,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Palmer","given":"Angela","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sage, George K. 0000-0003-1431-2286 ksage@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1431-2286","contributorId":87833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sage","given":"George","email":"ksage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":526809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sonsthagen, Sarah A. 0000-0001-6215-5874 ssonsthagen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6215-5874","contributorId":3711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sonsthagen","given":"Sarah","email":"ssonsthagen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Swem, Ted","contributorId":64463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swem","given":"Ted","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brimm, Daniel J.","contributorId":67737,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brimm","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"White, Clayton M","contributorId":200588,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"Clayton M","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70146649,"text":"70146649 - 2011 - Peat formation processes through the millennia in tidal marshes of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-20T09:24:07","indexId":"70146649","displayToPublicDate":"2011-09-01T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Peat formation processes through the millennia in tidal marshes of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California, USA","docAbstract":"The purpose of this study was to determine peat formation processes throughout the millennia in four tidal marshes in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. Peat cores collected at each site were analyzed for bulk density, loss on ignition, and percent organic carbon. Core data and spline fit age-depth models were used to estimate inorganic sedimentation, organic accumulation, and carbon sequestration rates in the marshes. Bulk density and percent organic matter content of peat fluctuated through time at all sites, suggesting that peat formation processes are dynamic and responsive to watershed conditions. The balance between inorganic sedimentation and organic accumulation at the sites also varied through time, indicating that marshes may rely more strongly on either norganic or organic matter for peat formation at particular times in their existence. Mean carbon sequestration rates found in this study (0.38-0.79 Mg C ha-1 year-1) were similar to other long-term estimates for temperate peatlands.
","language":"English","publisher":"Estuarine Research Federation","publisherLocation":"Port Republic, MD","doi":"10.1007/s12237-011-9393-7","usgsCitation":"Drexler, J., 2011, Peat formation processes through the millennia in tidal marshes of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California, USA: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 34, no. 5, p. 900-911, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-011-9393-7.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"900","endPage":"911","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-017315","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299769,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.85932159423828,\n 38.012664749652494\n ],\n [\n -121.85932159423828,\n 38.07890613330849\n ],\n [\n -121.75392150878905,\n 38.07890613330849\n ],\n [\n -121.75392150878905,\n 38.012664749652494\n ],\n [\n -121.85932159423828,\n 38.012664749652494\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"34","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55362343e4b0b22a15807aab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drexler, Judith Z. 0000-0002-0127-3866 jdrexler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0127-3866","contributorId":1659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drexler","given":"Judith Z.","email":"jdrexler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":545225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70003629,"text":"70003629 - 2011 - Long-term effects of prescribed fire on mixed conifer forest structure in the Sierra Nevada, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-23T16:51:43.451639","indexId":"70003629","displayToPublicDate":"2011-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1687,"text":"Forest Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-term effects of prescribed fire on mixed conifer forest structure in the Sierra Nevada, California","docAbstract":"The capacity of prescribed fire to restore forest conditions is often judged by changes in forest structure within a few years following burning. However, prescribed fire might have longer-term effects on forest structure, potentially changing treatment assessments. We examined annual changes in forest structure in five 1 ha old-growth plots immediately before prescribed fire and up to eight years after fire at Sequoia National Park, California. Fire-induced declines in stem density (67% average decrease at eight years post-fire) were nonlinear, taking up to eight years to reach a presumed asymptote. Declines in live stem biomass were also nonlinear, but smaller in magnitude (32% average decrease at eight years post-fire) as most large trees survived the fires. The preferential survival of large trees following fire resulted in significant shifts in stem diameter distributions. Mortality rates remained significantly above background rates up to six years after the fires. Prescribed fire did not have a large influence on the representation of dominant species. Fire-caused mortality appeared to be spatially random, and therefore did not generally alter heterogeneous tree spatial patterns. Our results suggest that prescribed fire can bring about substantial changes to forest structure in old-growth mixed conifer forests in the Sierra Nevada, but that long-term observations are needed to fully describe some measures of fire effects.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2010.12.013","usgsCitation":"van Mantgem, P.J., Stephenson, N.L., Knapp, E., and Keeley, J.E., 2011, Long-term effects of prescribed fire on mixed conifer forest structure in the Sierra Nevada, California: Forest Ecology and Management, v. 261, no. 6, p. 989-994, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2010.12.013.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"989","endPage":"994","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203931,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sequoia National Park, Sierra Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.98193359375,\n 35.483038134069574\n ],\n [\n -117.8173828125,\n 35.483038134069574\n ],\n [\n -117.8173828125,\n 36.73888412439431\n ],\n [\n -118.98193359375,\n 36.73888412439431\n ],\n [\n -118.98193359375,\n 35.483038134069574\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"261","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6de4b07f02db63ee26","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"van Mantgem, Phillip J. 0000-0002-3068-9422 pvanmantgem@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3068-9422","contributorId":2838,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Mantgem","given":"Phillip","email":"pvanmantgem@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":348023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stephenson, Nathan L. 0000-0003-0208-7229 nstephenson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0208-7229","contributorId":2836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephenson","given":"Nathan","email":"nstephenson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":348022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knapp, Eric","contributorId":9385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knapp","given":"Eric","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Keeley, Jon E. 0000-0002-4564-6521 jon_keeley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":1268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon","email":"jon_keeley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":348021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70003848,"text":"70003848 - 2011 - Long-term patterns and short-term dynamics of stream solutes and suspended sediment in a rapidly weathering tropical watershed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-21T19:28:31.372009","indexId":"70003848","displayToPublicDate":"2011-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-term patterns and short-term dynamics of stream solutes and suspended sediment in a rapidly weathering tropical watershed","docAbstract":"The 326 ha Río Icacos watershed in the tropical wet forest of the Luquillo Mountains, northeastern Puerto Rico, is underlain by granodiorite bedrock with weathering rates among the highest in the world. We pooled stream chemistry and total suspended sediment (TSS) data sets from three discrete periods: 1983–1987, 1991–1997, and 2000–2008. During this period three major hurricanes crossed the site: Hugo in 1989, Hortense in 1996, and Georges in 1998. Stream chemistry reflects sea salt inputs (Na, Cl, and SO4), and high weathering rates of the granodiorite (Ca, Mg, Si, and alkalinity). During rainfall, stream composition shifts toward that of precipitation, diluting 90% or more in the largest storms, but maintains a biogeochemical watershed signal marked by elevated K and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration. DOC exhibits an unusual “boomerang” pattern, initially increasing with flow but then decreasing at the highest flows as it becomes depleted and/or vigorous overland flow minimizes contact with watershed surfaces. TSS increased markedly with discharge (power function slope 1.54), reflecting the erosive power of large storms in a landslide-prone landscape. The relations of TSS and most solute concentrations with stream discharge were stable through time, suggesting minimal long-term effects from repeated hurricane disturbance. Nitrate concentration, however, increased about threefold in response to hurricanes then returned to baseline over several years following a pseudo first-order decay pattern. The combined data sets provide insight about important hydrologic pathways, a long-term perspective to assess response to hurricanes, and a framework to evaluate future climate change in tropical ecosystems.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/2010WR009788","usgsCitation":"Shanley, J.B., McDowell, W.H., and Stallard, R.F., 2011, Long-term patterns and short-term dynamics of stream solutes and suspended sediment in a rapidly weathering tropical watershed: Water Resources Research, v. 47, no. 7, W07515, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2010WR009788.","productDescription":"W07515, 11 p.","temporalStart":"1983-01-01","temporalEnd":"2008-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":468,"text":"New Hampshire-Vermont Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203991,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Puerto Rico","otherGeospatial":"Luquillo Mountains, Rio Icacos watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -65.81634521484375,\n 18.2361991365517\n ],\n [\n -65.69892883300781,\n 18.2361991365517\n ],\n [\n -65.69892883300781,\n 18.356154804607943\n ],\n [\n -65.81634521484375,\n 18.356154804607943\n ],\n [\n -65.81634521484375,\n 18.2361991365517\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"47","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6de4b07f02db63eefa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shanley, James B. 0000-0002-4234-3437 jshanley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4234-3437","contributorId":1953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanley","given":"James","email":"jshanley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":349145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McDowell, William H.","contributorId":97233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDowell","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stallard, Robert F. 0000-0001-8209-7608 stallard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8209-7608","contributorId":1924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stallard","given":"Robert","email":"stallard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":349144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70003326,"text":"70003326 - 2011 - Luring anglers to enhance fisheries","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-29T18:17:14.645844","indexId":"70003326","displayToPublicDate":"2011-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2258,"text":"Journal of Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Luring anglers to enhance fisheries","docAbstract":"Current fisheries management is, unfortunately, reactive rather than proactive to changes in fishery characteristics. Furthermore, anglers do not act independently on waterbodies, and thus, fisheries are complex socio-ecological systems. Proactive management of these complex systems necessitates an approach—adaptive fisheries management—that allows learning to occur simultaneously with management. A promising area for implementation of adaptive fisheries management is the study of luring anglers to or from specific waterbodies to meet management goals. Purposeful manipulation of anglers, and its associated field of study, is nonexistent in past management. Evaluation of different management practices (i.e., hypotheses) through an iterative adaptive management process should include both a biological and sociological survey to address changes in fish populations and changes in angler satisfaction related to changes in management. We believe adaptive management is ideal for development and assessment of management strategies targeted at angler participation. Moreover these concepts and understandings should be applicable to other natural resource users such as hunters and hikers.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.10.002","usgsCitation":"Martin, D., and Pope, K.L., 2011, Luring anglers to enhance fisheries: Journal of Environmental Management, v. 92, no. 5, p. 1409-1413, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.10.002.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"1409","endPage":"1413","ipdsId":"IP-025091","costCenters":[{"id":463,"text":"Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203928,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"92","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db648a8f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Martin, Dustin R.","contributorId":43482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Dustin R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pope, Kevin L. 0000-0003-1876-1687 kpope@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1876-1687","contributorId":1574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pope","given":"Kevin","email":"kpope@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":346902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70043086,"text":"70043086 - 2011 - The Holocene history of Nares Strait: Transition from glacial bay to Arctic-Atlantic throughflow","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-25T12:07:48","indexId":"70043086","displayToPublicDate":"2011-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2929,"text":"Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Holocene history of Nares Strait: Transition from glacial bay to Arctic-Atlantic throughflow","docAbstract":"Retreat of glacier ice from Nares Strait and other straits in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago after the end of the last Ice Age initiated an important connection between the Arctic and the North Atlantic Oceans, allowing development of modern ocean circulation in Baffin Bay and the Labrador Sea. As low-salinity, nutrient-rich Arctic Water began to enter Baffin Bay, it contributed to the Baffin and Labrador currents flowing southward. This enhanced freshwater inflow must have influenced the sea ice regime and likely is responsible for poor calcium carbonate preservation that characterizes the Baffin Island margin today. Sedimentologic and paleoceanographic data from radiocarbon-dated core HLY03-05GC, Hall Basin, northern Nares Strait, document the timing and paleoenvironments surrounding the retreat of waning ice sheets from Nares Strait and opening of this connection between the Arctic Ocean and Baffin Bay. Hall Basin was deglaciated soon before 10,300 cal BP (calibrated years before present) and records ice-distal sedimentation in a glacial bay facing the Arctic Ocean until about 9,000 cal BP. Atlantic Water was present in Hall Basin during deglaciation, suggesting that it may have promoted ice retreat. A transitional unit with high ice-rafted debris content records the opening of Nares Strait at approximately 9,000 cal BP. High productivity in Hall Basin between 9,000 and 6,000 cal BP reflects reduced sea ice cover and duration as well as throughflow of nutrient-rich Pacific Water. The later Holocene is poorly resolved in the core, but slow sedimentation rates and heavier carbon isotope values support an interpretation of increased sea ice cover and decreased productivity during the Neoglacial period.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Oceanography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Oceanography Society","doi":"10.5670/oceanog.2011.52","usgsCitation":"Jennings, A.E., Sheldon, C., Cronin, T.M., Francus, P., Stoner, J., and Andrews, J., 2011, The Holocene history of Nares Strait: Transition from glacial bay to Arctic-Atlantic throughflow: Oceanography, v. 24, no. 3, p. 26-41, https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2011.52.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"26","endPage":"41","numberOfPages":"16","ipdsId":"IP-028446","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474924,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2011.52","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":269403,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2011.52"},{"id":271466,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada;Greenland","otherGeospatial":"Nares Strait","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -92,76.1 ], [ -92,83.1 ], [ -61.1,83.1 ], [ -61.1,76.1 ], [ -92,76.1 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"24","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"517a506ce4b072c16ef14b44","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jennings, Anne E.","contributorId":38876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jennings","given":"Anne","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sheldon, Christina","contributorId":79778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheldon","given":"Christina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cronin, Thomas M. 0000-0002-2643-0979 tcronin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-0979","contributorId":2579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"Thomas","email":"tcronin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Francus, Pierre","contributorId":48847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Francus","given":"Pierre","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stoner, Joseph","contributorId":49682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stoner","given":"Joseph","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Andrews, John","contributorId":45984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70042961,"text":"70042961 - 2011 - Small-scale sediment transport patterns and bedform morphodynamics: New insights from high resolution multibeam bathymetry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-29T18:46:34.042298","indexId":"70042961","displayToPublicDate":"2011-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1742,"text":"Geo-Marine Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Small-scale sediment transport patterns and bedform morphodynamics: New insights from high resolution multibeam bathymetry","docAbstract":"New multibeam echosounder and processing technologies yield sub-meter-scale bathymetric resolution, revealing striking details of bedform morphology that are shaped by complex boundary-layer flow dynamics at a range of spatial and temporal scales. An inertially aided post processed kinematic (IAPPK) technique generates a smoothed best estimate trajectory (SBET) solution to tie the vessel motion-related effects of each sounding directly to the ellipsoid, significantly reducing artifacts commonly found in multibeam data, increasing point density, and sharpening seafloor features. The new technique was applied to a large bedform field in 20–30 m water depths in central San Francisco Bay, California (USA), revealing bedforms that suggest boundary-layer flow deflection by the crests where 12-m-wavelength, 0.2-m-amplitude bedforms are superimposed on 60-m-wavelength, 1-m-amplitude bedforms, with crests that often were strongly oblique (approaching 90°) to the larger features on the lee side, and near-parallel on the stoss side. During one survey in April 2008, superimposed bedform crests were continuous between the crests of the larger features, indicating that flow detachment in the lee of the larger bedforms is not always a dominant process. Assessment of bedform crest peakedness, asymmetry, and small-scale bedform evolution between surveys indicates the impact of different flow regimes on the entire bedform field. This paper presents unique fine-scale imagery of compound and superimposed bedforms, which is used to (1) assess the physical forcing and evolution of a bedform field in San Francisco Bay, and (2) in conjunction with numerical modeling, gain a better fundamental understanding of boundary-layer flow dynamics that result in the observed superimposed bedform orientation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00367-011-0227-1","usgsCitation":"Barnard, P.L., Erikson, L., and Kvitek, R.G., 2011, Small-scale sediment transport patterns and bedform morphodynamics: New insights from high resolution multibeam bathymetry: Geo-Marine Letters, v. 31, no. 4, p. 227-236, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00367-011-0227-1.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"227","endPage":"236","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-015134","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":269035,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.15560913085938,\n 37.497741887143576\n ],\n [\n -122.08007812499999,\n 37.54675499755639\n ],\n [\n -122.25860595703125,\n 37.75877280300828\n ],\n [\n -122.33139038085936,\n 37.91278405007035\n ],\n [\n -122.39593505859376,\n 37.931200459333716\n ],\n [\n -122.50167846679686,\n 37.938782346134424\n ],\n [\n -122.50167846679686,\n 37.87593739777859\n ],\n [\n -122.46322631835938,\n 37.81195385919268\n ],\n [\n -122.39181518554686,\n 37.79893346559687\n ],\n [\n -122.36846923828125,\n 37.727280276860036\n ],\n [\n -122.3876953125,\n 37.64794668685352\n ],\n [\n -122.37258911132812,\n 37.60117623656667\n ],\n [\n -122.23388671874999,\n 37.54784381205082\n ],\n [\n -122.15560913085938,\n 37.497741887143576\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"31","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-02-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7315e4b0b29085108bb3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barnard, Patrick L. 0000-0003-1414-6476 pbarnard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1414-6476","contributorId":2880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnard","given":"Patrick","email":"pbarnard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":472668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Erikson, Li H. 0000-0002-8607-7695 lerikson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8607-7695","contributorId":3170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erikson","given":"Li H.","email":"lerikson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":472670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kvitek, Rikk G.","contributorId":107804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kvitek","given":"Rikk","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":472671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70005106,"text":"70005106 - 2011 - Landscape unit based digital elevation model development for the freshwater wetlands within the Arthur C. Marshall Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge, Southeastern Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-05T15:46:49.161575","indexId":"70005106","displayToPublicDate":"2011-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":836,"text":"Applied Geography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landscape unit based digital elevation model development for the freshwater wetlands within the Arthur C. Marshall Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge, Southeastern Florida","docAbstract":"The hydrologic regime is a critical limiting factor in the delicate ecosystem of the greater Everglades freshwater wetlands in south Florida that has been severely altered by management activities in the past several decades. \"Getting the water right\" is regarded as the key to successful restoration of this unique wetland ecosystem. An essential component to represent and model its hydrologic regime, specifically water depth, is an accurate ground Digital Elevation Model (DEM). The Everglades Depth Estimation Network (EDEN) supplies important hydrologic data, and its products (including a ground DEM) have been well received by scientists and resource managers involved in Everglades restoration. This study improves the EDEN DEMs of the Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge, also known as Water Conservation Area 1 (WCA1), by adopting a landscape unit (LU) based interpolation approach. The study first filtered the input elevation data based on newly available vegetation data, and then created a separate geostatistical model (universal kriging) for each LU. The resultant DEMs have encouraging cross-validation and validation results, especially since the validation is based on an independent elevation dataset (derived by subtracting water depth measurements from EDEN water surface elevations). The DEM product of this study will directly benefit hydrologic and ecological studies as well as restoration efforts. The study will also be valuable for a broad range of wetland studies.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeog.2010.10.003","usgsCitation":"Xie, Z., Liu, Z., Jones, J., Higer, A.L., and Telis, P.A., 2011, Landscape unit based digital elevation model development for the freshwater wetlands within the Arthur C. Marshall Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge, Southeastern Florida: Applied Geography, v. 31, no. 2, p. 401-412, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2010.10.003.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"401","endPage":"412","costCenters":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203918,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Arthur C. 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Federal resource managers increasingly need to balance energy demands, effects on the natural landscape and public perceptions towards these issues. To assist in efficient access to valuable information, this abbreviated bibliography provides citations to relevant information for myriad of issues for which resource managers must contend. The bibliography is organized by seven large topics with various sup-topics: broad energy topics (energy crisis, conservation, supply and demand, etc.); energy sources (fossil fuel, nuclear, renewable, etc.); natural landscape effects (climate change, ecosystem, mitigation, restoration, and reclamation, wildlife, water, etc.); human landscape effects (attitudes and perceptions, economics, community effects, health, Native Americans, etc.); research and technology; international research; and, methods and modeling. 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Bacteria were visible in most subsamples, which included wallboard-lining paper from each side of the wallboard, wallboard filler, wallboard tape and fragments of mined wallboard rock via microscopy. Observed bacteria occurred as single or small clusters of cells and no mass aggregates indicating colonization were noted. Universal 16S qPCR was utilized to directly examine samples and detected bacteria at concentrations ranging from 1.4 x 103 to 6.4 x 104 genomic equivalents per mm2 of paper or per gram of wallboard filler or mined rock, in 12 of 41 subsamples. Subsamples were incubated in sulfate reducing broth for ~30 to 60 days (enrichment assay) and then analyzed by universal 16S and SRB qPCR. Enrichment universal 16S qPCR detected bacteria in 32 of 41 subsamples at concentrations ranging from 1.5 x 104 to 4.2 x 107 genomic equivalents per ml of culture broth. Evaluation of enriched subsamples by SRB qPCR demonstrated that SRB were not detectable in most of the samples and if they were detected, detection was not reproducible (an indication of low concentrations, if present). Enrichment universal 16S and SRB qPCR demonstrated that viable bacteria were present in subsamples (as expected given exposure of the samples following manufacture, transport and use) but that SRB were either not present or present at very low numbers. Further, no differences in trends were noted between the various Chinese and North American wallboard samples. In all, the microscopy and qPCR data indicated that the suspected ‘sulfur emissions’ emanating from suspect wallboard samples is not due to microbial activity.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"language":"English","collaboration":"Utilized by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission for a U.S. Congressional hearing","usgsCitation":"Griffin, D.W., 2011, The use of epifluorescent microscopy and quantitative polymerase chain reaction to determine the presence/absence and identification of microorganisms associated with domestic and foreign wallboard samples, 29 p.","productDescription":"29 p.","ipdsId":"IP-032669","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273207,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51af0c71e4b08a3322c2c36b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Griffin, Dale W. 0000-0003-1719-5812 dgriffin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1719-5812","contributorId":2178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffin","given":"Dale","email":"dgriffin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70004034,"text":"70004034 - 2011 - Long-term isolation of a highly mobile seabird on the Galapagos","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-20T21:29:03.605113","indexId":"70004034","displayToPublicDate":"2011-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3174,"text":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-term isolation of a highly mobile seabird on the Galapagos","docAbstract":"The Galapagos Islands are renowned for their high degree of endemism. Marine taxa inhabiting the archipelago might be expected to be an exception, because of their utilization of pelagic habitats—the dispersal barrier for terrestrial taxa—as foraging grounds. Magnificent frigatebirds (Fregata magnificens) have a highly vagile lifestyle and wide geographical distribution around the South and Central American coasts. Given the potentially high levels of gene flow among populations, the species provides a good test of the effectiveness of the Galapagos ecosystem in isolating populations of highly dispersive marine species. We studied patterns of genetic (mitochondrial DNA, microsatellites and nuclear introns) and morphological variation across the distribution of magnificent frigatebirds. Concordant with predictions from life-history traits, we found signatures of extensive gene flow over most of the range, even across the Isthmus of Panama, which is a major barrier to gene flow in other tropical seabirds. In contrast, individuals from the Galapagos were strongly differentiated from all conspecifics, and have probably been isolated for several hundred thousand years. Our finding is a powerful testimony to the evolutionary uniqueness of the taxa inhabiting the Galapagos archipelago and its associated marine ecosystems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Royal Society Publishing","publisherLocation":"London, England","doi":"10.1098/rspb.2010.1342","usgsCitation":"Hailer, F., Schreiber, E., Miller, J.M., Levin, I.I., Parker, P., Chesser, R., and Fleischer, R.C., 2011, Long-term isolation of a highly mobile seabird on the Galapagos: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, v. 278, no. 1707, p. 817-825, https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2010.1342.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"817","endPage":"825","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474925,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3049043","text":"External Repository"},{"id":204029,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Ecuador","otherGeospatial":"Galapagos Islands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.0379638671875,\n -1.5241732299817299\n ],\n [\n -89.03045654296874,\n -1.5241732299817299\n ],\n [\n -89.03045654296874,\n 0.7031073524364909\n ],\n [\n -92.0379638671875,\n 0.7031073524364909\n ],\n [\n -92.0379638671875,\n -1.5241732299817299\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"278","issue":"1707","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-09-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6de4b07f02db63eee6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hailer, Frank","contributorId":12173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hailer","given":"Frank","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schreiber, E.A.","contributorId":84472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreiber","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, Joshua M.","contributorId":39926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Levin, Iris I.","contributorId":20881,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Levin","given":"Iris","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Parker, Patricia G.","contributorId":38269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"Patricia G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Chesser, R. 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Yet there are relatively few examples of its use in ecology and natural resources management, and almost none that are framed in terms of the future impacts of management decisions. In this paper we discuss the value of information in a context of adaptive management, in which actions are taken sequentially over a timeframe and both future resource conditions and residual uncertainties about resource responses are taken into account. Our objective is to derive the value of reducing or eliminating uncertainty in adaptive decision making. We describe several measures of the value of information, with each based on management objectives that are appropriate for adaptive management. We highlight some mathematical properties of these measures, discuss their geometries, and illustrate them with an example in natural resources management. Accounting for the value of information can help to inform decisions about whether and how much to monitor resource conditions through time.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2011.07.003","usgsCitation":"Williams, B.K., Eaton, M.J., and Breininger, D.R., 2011, Adaptive resource management and the value of information: Ecological Modelling, v. 222, no. 18, p. 3429-3436, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2011.07.003.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"3429","endPage":"3436","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-029054","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":319349,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"222","issue":"18","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f50fade4b0f59b85e1ea77","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, Byron K. 0000-0001-7644-1396","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7644-1396","contributorId":86616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Byron","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":554,"text":"Science and Decisions Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":623500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eaton, Mitchell J. meaton@usgs.gov","contributorId":3912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eaton","given":"Mitchell","email":"meaton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":565,"text":"Southeast Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":623516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Breininger, David R.","contributorId":6990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breininger","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70003918,"text":"70003918 - 2011 - Methyl mercury dynamics in a tidal wetland quantified using in situ optical measurements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-17T11:11:20","indexId":"70003918","displayToPublicDate":"2011-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2620,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Methyl mercury dynamics in a tidal wetland quantified using in situ optical measurements","docAbstract":"We assessed monomethylmercury (MeHg) dynamics in a tidal wetland over three seasons using a novel method that employs a combination of in situ optical measurements as concentration proxies. MeHg concentrations measured over a single spring tide were extended to a concentration time series using in situ optical measurements. Tidal fluxes were calculated using modeled concentrations and bi-directional velocities obtained acoustically. The magnitude of the flux was the result of complex interactions of tides, geomorphic features, particle sorption, and random episodic events such as wind storms and precipitation. Correlation of dissolved organic matter quality measurements with timing of MeHg release suggests that MeHg is produced in areas of fluctuating redox and not limited by buildup of sulfide. The wetland was a net source of MeHg to the estuary in all seasons, with particulate flux being much higher than dissolved flux, even though dissolved concentrations were commonly higher. Estimated total MeHg yields out of the wetland were approximately 2.5 μg m−2 yr−1—4–40 times previously published yields—representing a potential loading to the estuary of 80 g yr−1, equivalent to 3% of the river loading. Thus, export from tidal wetlands should be included in mass balance estimates for MeHg loading to estuaries. Also, adequate estimation of loads and the interactions between physical and biogeochemical processes in tidal wetlands might not be possible without long-term, high-frequency in situ measurements.
","language":"English","publisher":"Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography","publisherLocation":"Waco, TX","doi":"10.4319/lo.2011.56.4.1355","usgsCitation":"Bergamaschi, B., Fleck, J., Downing, B., Boss, E., Pellerin, B., Ganju, N., Schoellhamer, D., Byington, A., Heim, W., Stephenson, M., and Fujii, R., 2011, Methyl mercury dynamics in a tidal wetland quantified using in situ optical measurements: Limnology and Oceanography, v. 56, no. 4, p. 1355-1371, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2011.56.4.1355.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1355","endPage":"1371","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474926,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2011.56.4.1355","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":203887,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"56","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a56e4b07f02db62d601","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bergamaschi, B.A. 0000-0002-9610-5581","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9610-5581","contributorId":22401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergamaschi","given":"B.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fleck, J.A. 0000-0002-3217-3972","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3217-3972","contributorId":35864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleck","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Downing, B.D. 0000-0002-2007-5304","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2007-5304","contributorId":71681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Downing","given":"B.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boss, E.","contributorId":59544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boss","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pellerin, B.","contributorId":37047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pellerin","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ganju, N. 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Based on previous work demonstrating frequent use of subterranean crab burrows as well as damp leaf litter and logs, we examined the microhabitat associations of rivulus in a mosquito-ditched mangrove forest on the Gulf coast of Florida near the northern limit of its distribution. We captured 161 rivulus on 20 dates between late April and mid-December 2007 using trench traps. Fish ranged in size from 7 to 35 mm SL. Peak abundance in mid-summer coincided with recruitment of a new year-class. The three study sites occurred within 0.5 km of one another, and experienced similar water temperatures and salinities. Nevertheless, they differed in their degree of tidal inundation, standing stock of leaf litter, and density of entrances to fiddler crab burrows. We consistently observed the highest mean catches of rivulus away from permanent subtidal waters of mosquito ditches, at intermediate relative elevations, and where leaf litter was locally abundant. Density of entrances to crab burrows was apparently unrelated to rivulus distribution or abundance in these forests.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.jembe.2011.03.003","usgsCitation":"Richards, T.M., Krebs, J.M., and McIvor, C.C., 2011, Microhabitat associations of a semi-terrestrial fish, Kryptolebias marmoratus (Poey 1880) in a mosquito-ditched mangrove forest, west-central Florida: Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, v. 401, no. 1-2, p. 48-56, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2011.03.003.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"48","endPage":"56","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203888,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82.61666666666666,27.816666666666666 ], [ -82.61666666666666,27.851111111111113 ], [ -82.56805555555555,27.851111111111113 ], [ -82.56805555555555,27.816666666666666 ], [ -82.61666666666666,27.816666666666666 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"401","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a57e4b07f02db62e36d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Richards, Travis M.","contributorId":58901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richards","given":"Travis","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krebs, Justin M.","contributorId":35546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krebs","given":"Justin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McIvor, Carole C.","contributorId":73254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McIvor","given":"Carole","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70212846,"text":"70212846 - 2011 - Improved online δ18O measurements of nitrogen‐ and sulfur‐bearing organic materials and a proposed analytical protocol","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-07T13:09:16.405087","indexId":"70212846","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-31T09:21:12","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3233,"text":"Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Improved online δ18O measurements of nitrogen‐ and sulfur‐bearing organic materials and a proposed analytical protocol","docAbstract":"It is well known that N2 in the ion source of a mass spectrometer interferes with the CO background during the δ18O measurement of carbon monoxide. A similar problem arises with the high‐temperature conversion (HTC) analysis of nitrogenous O‐bearing samples (e.g. nitrates and keratins) to CO for δ18O measurement, where the sample introduces a significant N2 peak before the CO peak, making determination of accurate oxygen isotope ratios difficult. Although using a gas chromatography (GC) column longer than that commonly provided by manufacturers (0.6 m) can improve the efficiency of separation of CO and N2 and using a valve to divert nitrogen and prevent it from entering the ion source of a mass spectrometer improved measurement results, biased δ18O values could still be obtained. A careful evaluation of the performance of the GC separation column was carried out. With optimal GC columns, the δ18O reproducibility of human hair keratins and other keratin materials was better than ±0.15 ‰ (n = 5; for the internal analytical reproducibility), and better than ±0.10 ‰ (n = 4; for the external analytical reproducibility).
We present the first comprehensive multi-temporal analysis of land-cover change for California across its major ecological regions and primary land-cover types. Recently completed satellite-based estimates of land-cover and land-use change information for large portions of the United States allow for consistent measurement and comparison across heterogeneous landscapes. Landsat data were employed within a pure-panel stratified one-stage cluster sample to estimate and characterize land-cover change for 1973–2000. Results indicate anthropogenic and natural disturbances, such as forest cutting and fire, were the dominant changes, followed by large fluctuations between agriculture and rangelands. Contrary to common perception, agriculture remained relatively stable over the 27-year period with an estimated loss of 1.0% of agricultural land. The largest net declines occurred in the grasslands/shrubs class at 5,131 km2 and forest class at 4,722 km2. Developed lands increased by 37.6%, composing an estimated 4.2% of the state’s land cover by 2000.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s10661-010-1385-8","usgsCitation":"Sleeter, B.M., Wilson, T.S., Soulard, C.E., and Liu, J., 2011, Estimation of late twentieth century land-cover change in California: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 173, no. 1-4, p. 251-266, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-010-1385-8.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"251","endPage":"266","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204146,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","volume":"173","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-03-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb2cb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sleeter, Benjamin M. 0000-0003-2371-9571 bsleeter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2371-9571","contributorId":3479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sleeter","given":"Benjamin","email":"bsleeter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, Tamara S.","contributorId":36640,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Tamara","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Soulard, Christopher E. 0000-0002-5777-9516 csoulard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5777-9516","contributorId":2642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soulard","given":"Christopher","email":"csoulard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Liu, Jinxun 0000-0003-0561-8988 jxliu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0561-8988","contributorId":3414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Jinxun","email":"jxliu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70003897,"text":"70003897 - 2011 - Local richness along gradients in the Siskiyou herb flora: R. H. Whittaker revisited","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-12T21:59:10.049018","indexId":"70003897","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Local richness along gradients in the Siskiyou herb flora: R. H. Whittaker revisited","docAbstract":"In his classic study in the Siskiyou Mountains (Oregon, USA), one of the most botanically rich forested regions in North America, R. H. Whittaker (1960) foreshadowed many modern ideas on the multivariate control of local species richness along environmental gradients related to productivity. Using a structural equation model to analyze his data, which were never previously statistically analyzed, we demonstrate that Whittaker was remarkably accurate in concluding that local herb richness in these late‐seral forests is explained to a large extent by three major abiotic gradients (soils, topography, and elevation), and in turn, by the effects of these gradients on tree densities and the numbers of individual herbs. However, while Whittaker also clearly appreciated the significance of large‐scale evolutionary and biogeographic influences on community composition, he did not fully articulate the more recent concept that variation in the species richness of local communities could be explained in part by variation in the sizes of regional species pools. Our model of his data is among the first to use estimates of regional species pool size to explain variation in local community richness along productivity‐related gradients. We find that regional pool size, combined with a modest number of other interacting abiotic and biotic factors, explains most of the variation in local herb richness in the Siskiyou biodiversity hotspot.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/09-2137.1","usgsCitation":"Grace, J.B., Harrison, S., and Damschen, E.I., 2011, Local richness along gradients in the Siskiyou herb flora: R. H. Whittaker revisited: Ecology, v. 92, no. 1, p. 108-120, https://doi.org/10.1890/09-2137.1.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"108","endPage":"120","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204100,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Siskiyou Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.002685546875,\n 42.0125705565935\n ],\n [\n -121.47033691406249,\n 42.0125705565935\n ],\n [\n -121.47033691406249,\n 44.28453670601888\n ],\n [\n -124.002685546875,\n 44.28453670601888\n ],\n [\n -124.002685546875,\n 42.0125705565935\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"92","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a68e4b07f02db63b22e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grace, James B. 0000-0001-6374-4726 gracej@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6374-4726","contributorId":884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grace","given":"James","email":"gracej@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":349362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harrison, Susan","contributorId":85707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrison","given":"Susan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Damschen, Ellen Ingman","contributorId":6177,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Damschen","given":"Ellen","email":"","middleInitial":"Ingman","affiliations":[{"id":16916,"text":"Dept. of Zoology, University of Wisconsin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":349363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}