Estimates of annual peak-streamflow frequency are needed for flood-plain management, assessment of flood risk, and design of structures, such as roads, bridges, culverts, dams, and levees. Regional regression equations have been developed and are used extensively to estimate annual peak-streamflow frequency for ungaged sites in natural (unregulated and rural or nonurbanized) watersheds in Texas (Asquith and Slade, 1997; Asquith and Thompson, 2008; Asquith and Roussel, 2009). The most recent regional regression equations were developed by using data from 638 Texas streamflow-gaging stations throughout the State with eight or more years of data by using drainage area, channel slope, and mean annual precipitation as predictor variables (Asquith and Roussel, 2009). However, because of a lack of sufficient historical streamflow data from small, rural watersheds in certain parts of the State (central and western), substantial uncertainity exists when using the regional regression equations for the purpose of estimating annual peak-streamflow frequency.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20113082","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Texas Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Harwell, G.R., and Asquith, W.H., 2011, Annual peak streamflow and ancillary data for small watersheds in central and western Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2011-3082, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20113082.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116139,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2011_3082.gif"},{"id":24567,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2011/3082/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -103.018798828125,\n 36.491973470593685\n ],\n [\n -100.0634765625,\n 36.500805317604794\n ],\n [\n -99.99755859375,\n 36.500805317604794\n ],\n [\n -100.008544921875,\n 34.6060845921693\n ],\n [\n -99.68994140625,\n 34.361576287484176\n ],\n [\n -99.36035156249999,\n 34.44315867450577\n ],\n [\n -99.17358398437499,\n 34.23451236236984\n ],\n [\n -98.514404296875,\n 34.161818161230386\n ],\n [\n -98.426513671875,\n 34.07996230865873\n ],\n [\n -98.404541015625,\n 29.516110386062277\n ],\n [\n -101.568603515625,\n 29.77391386999227\n ],\n [\n -102.28271484375,\n 29.81205076752506\n ],\n [\n -102.65625,\n 29.7453016622136\n ],\n [\n -102.87597656249999,\n 29.35345166863502\n ],\n [\n -103.1396484375,\n 28.969700808694157\n ],\n [\n -103.65600585937499,\n 29.200123477644983\n ],\n [\n -104.468994140625,\n 29.563901551414443\n ],\n [\n -104.666748046875,\n 29.84064389983441\n ],\n [\n -104.69970703125,\n 30.259067203213018\n ],\n [\n -105.084228515625,\n 30.704058230919504\n ],\n [\n -105.4248046875,\n 30.958768570779846\n ],\n [\n -105.93017578125,\n 31.306715155075167\n ],\n [\n -106.20483398437499,\n 31.475524020001806\n ],\n [\n -106.600341796875,\n 31.85889704445453\n ],\n [\n -106.6552734375,\n 31.942839972853083\n ],\n [\n -106.600341796875,\n 31.970803930433096\n ],\n [\n -106.6168212890625,\n 31.991771310172094\n ],\n [\n -106.58935546875,\n 32.001088607540446\n ],\n [\n -104.1229248046875,\n 32.008075959291055\n ],\n [\n -103.07922363281249,\n 32.01739159980399\n ],\n [\n -103.040771484375,\n 36.41244153535644\n ],\n [\n -103.018798828125,\n 36.491973470593685\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67b8e5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harwell, Glenn R. gharwell@usgs.gov","contributorId":3789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harwell","given":"Glenn","email":"gharwell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":352029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Asquith, William H. 0000-0002-7400-1861 wasquith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7400-1861","contributorId":1007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asquith","given":"William","email":"wasquith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":352028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70003858,"text":"70003858 - 2011 - Human casualties in earthquakes: Modelling and mitigation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-02T16:22:12","indexId":"70003858","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Human casualties in earthquakes: Modelling and mitigation","docAbstract":"Earthquake risk modelling is needed for the planning of post-event emergency operations, for the development of insurance schemes, for the planning of mitigation measures in the existing building stock, and for the development of appropriate building regulations; in all of these applications estimates of casualty numbers are essential. But there are many questions about casualty estimation which are still poorly understood. These questions relate to the causes and nature of the injuries and deaths, and the extent to which they can be quantified. This paper looks at the evidence on these questions from recent studies. It then reviews casualty estimation models available, and finally compares the performance of some casualty models in making rapid post-event casualty estimates in recent earthquakes.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Ninth Pacific Conference on Earthquake Engineering: Building an earthquake resilient society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"2011 Pacific Conference on Earthquake Engineering","conferenceDate":"April 14-16, 2011","conferenceLocation":"Aukland, New Zealand","language":"English","publisher":"New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering","publisherLocation":"Wellington, New Zealand","usgsCitation":"Spence, R., and So, E., 2011, Human casualties in earthquakes: Modelling and mitigation, in Proceedings of the Ninth Pacific Conference on Earthquake Engineering: Building an earthquake resilient society, v. 2011, Aukland, New Zealand, April 14-16, 2011, 13 p.; Paper 224.","productDescription":"13 p.; Paper 224","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203983,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":24565,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://db.nzsee.org.nz/2011/224.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":352195,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.nzsee.org.nz/db/2011/index.htm"}],"volume":"2011","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a52e4b07f02db62a6be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spence, R.J.S.","contributorId":98865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spence","given":"R.J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"So, E.K.M.","contributorId":83654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"So","given":"E.K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70005130,"text":"pp1782 - 2011 - Deglaciation and postglacial treeline fluctuation in the northern San Juan Mountains, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:59","indexId":"pp1782","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1782","title":"Deglaciation and postglacial treeline fluctuation in the northern San Juan Mountains, Colorado","docAbstract":"The San Juan Mountains of southwestern Colorado contain numerous lakes and bogs at and above treeline. In June 1978, Lake Emma, a tarn above present-day treeline, was suddenly drained by the collapse of underground mine workings. This study was initiated because the draining exposed a well-preserved archive of subfossil coniferous wood fragments that provided a unique opportunity to further our understanding of the paleoclimatic history of this region. \r\n\r\n These paleoclimatic studies-coniferous macrofossil identification in conjunction with radiocarbon dating, deuterium analysis of the dated conifer fragments, as well as pollen and fossil insect analyses-yielded new information regarding Holocene climate and accompanying treeline changes in the northern San Juan Mountains. This report synthesizes previously published reports by the author and other investigators, and unpublished information of the author bearing on late Pleistocene and Holocene treeline and climate in this region. \r\n\r\n Retreat of the glacier that occupied the upper Animas River valley from its Pinedale terminal position began about 19.4 + or - 1.5 10Be thousands of years ago and was essentially complete by about 12.3 + or - 1.0 10Be thousands of years ago. Two sets of late Pleistocene cirque moraines were identified in the northern San Juan Mountains. The older set is widespread and probably correlates with the Younger Dryas (11,000-10,000 radiocarbon years before present; 12,800-11,500 calendar years). The younger set is found only in the Grenadier Range and represents remnant glacier ice lying in well-shaded niches in a mountain range undergoing rapid deglaciation. A snowbank at the northern base of this range appears to be fronted by a Little Ice Age moraine. \r\n\r\n Soon after deglaciation the average July temperature is estimated to have been about 5°C cooler and timberline about 650 meters lower than at present. However, timberline (and treeline) responded rapidly to the postglacial warming and reached higher-than-present elevations by the early Holocene. \r\n\r\n A comparison of recently obtained accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon ages of coniferous wood fragments from Lake Emma, previously dated by conventional radiocarbon methods during the 1980s, led to a slight modification of previously published ages of Holocene treeline fluctuations. As early as 9,200 radiocarbon years before present (about 10,400 calendar years) and probably to about 5,400 radiocarbon years before present (about 6,200 calendar years), treeline was at least 80 meters higher than at present (about 3,660 meters). Furthermore, a large conifer fragment with a complacent annual ring record suggests that timberline may have been at least 140 meters higher than present (about 3,600 meters) about 8,000 radiocarbon years before present (about 8,900 calendar years). These past elevations of treeline and timberline suggest that growing-season temperatures were at least 0.5°-0.9°C warmer than at present. Deuterium data from the Lake Emma wood samples suggests that the maximum average temperature change from about 9,000 to 5,400 radiocarbon years before present (about 10,150 to 6,200 calendar years) was about 4°C. Owing to these warmer temperatures the summer monsoon circulation, which currently brings a large part of the annual precipitation to the San Juan Mountains, probably was more intense during the early and middle Holocene than it is today. \r\n\r\n Between about 5,400 and 3,500 radiocarbon years before present (about 6,200 and 3,770 calendar years) it appears that treeline was near its present-day limit. After 3,500 radiocarbon years before present (about 3,770 calendar years), evidence of treeline position is very sparse, suggesting that treeline lay at, or below, its present-day elevation. However, a spruce krummholz fragment from the Lake Emma site provided two radiocarbon ages of about 3,100 radiocarbon years before present (about 3,300 cal","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1782","usgsCitation":"Carrara, P.E., 2011, Deglaciation and postglacial treeline fluctuation in the northern San Juan Mountains, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1782, vi, 44 p.; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1782.","productDescription":"vi, 44 p.; Appendices","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":308,"text":"Geology and Environmental Change Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116180,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp_1782.gif"},{"id":24553,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1782/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"San Juan Mountains;Lake Emma;Little Molas Lake;Molas Lake;Highland Mary Lakes;Black Mountain Lake;Hurricane Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -108.00111111111111,37.5 ], [ -108.00111111111111,38.25 ], [ -107,38.25 ], [ -107,37.5 ], [ -108.00111111111111,37.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49ffe4b07f02db5f7588","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carrara, Paul E. pcarrara@usgs.gov","contributorId":1342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carrara","given":"Paul","email":"pcarrara@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":352010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70005131,"text":"ofr20111175 - 2011 - Gas, oil, and water production from Wattenberg Field in the Denver Basin, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-20T21:07:41.03248","indexId":"ofr20111175","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1175","title":"Gas, oil, and water production from Wattenberg Field in the Denver Basin, Colorado","docAbstract":"Gas, oil, and water production data were compiled from selected wells in two tight gas reservoirs-the Codell-Niobrara interval, comprised of the Codell Sandstone Member of the Carlile Shale and the Niobrara Formation; and the Dakota J interval, comprised mostly of the Muddy (J) Sandstone of the Dakota Group; both intervals are of Cretaceous age-in the Wattenberg field in the Denver Basin of Colorado. Production from each well is represented by two samples spaced five years apart, the first sample typically taken two years after production commenced, which generally was in the 1990s. For each producing interval, summary diagrams and tables of oil-versus-gas production and water-versus-gas production are shown with fluid-production rates, the change in production over five years, the water-gas and oil-gas ratios, and the fluid type. These diagrams and tables permit well-to-well and field-to-field comparisons. Fields producing water at low rates (water dissolved in gas in the reservoir) can be distinguished from fields producing water at moderate or high rates, and the water-gas ratios are quantified. \r\n\r\n The Dakota J interval produces gas on a per-well basis at roughly three times the rate of the Codell-Niobrara interval. After five years of production, gas data from the second samples show that both intervals produce gas, on average, at about one-half the rate as the first sample. Oil-gas ratios in the Codell-Niobrara interval are characteristic of a retrograde gas and are considerably higher than oil-gas ratios in the Dakota J interval, which are characteristic of a wet gas. Water production from both intervals is low, and records in many wells are discontinuous, particularly in the Codell-Niobrara interval. Water-gas ratios are broadly variable, with some of the variability possibly due to the difficulty of measuring small production rates. Most wells for which water is reported have water-gas ratios exceeding the amount that could exist dissolved in gas at reservoir pressure and temperature. \r\n\r\n The Codell-Niobrara interval is reported to be overpressured (that is, pressure greater than hydrostatic) whereas the underlying Dakota J interval is underpressured (less than hydrostatic), demonstrating a lack of hydraulic communication between the two intervals despite their proximity over a broad geographical area. The underpressuring in the Dakota J interval has been attributed by others to outcropping strata east of the basin. We agree with this interpretation and postulate that the gas accumulation also may contribute to hydraulic isolation from outcrops immediately west of the basin.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111175","usgsCitation":"Nelson, P.H., and Santus, S.L., 2011, Gas, oil, and water production from Wattenberg Field in the Denver Basin, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1175, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111175.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116158,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1175.gif"},{"id":24554,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1175/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":390707,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_95388.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Denver Basin, Wattenberg Field","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.5333,\n 39.8333\n ],\n [\n -103.4833,\n 39.8333\n ],\n [\n -103.4833,\n 40.5722\n ],\n [\n -105.5333,\n 40.5722\n ],\n [\n -105.5333,\n 39.8333\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b27e4b07f02db6b0dca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, Philip H. pnelson@usgs.gov","contributorId":862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Philip","email":"pnelson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":352011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Santus, Stephen L. ssantus@usgs.gov","contributorId":4566,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Santus","given":"Stephen","email":"ssantus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":352012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70003531,"text":"70003531 - 2011 - Identifying nest predators of American avocets (Recurvirostra americana) and black-necked stilts (Himantopus mexicanus) in San Francisco Bay, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-21T18:05:17.739069","indexId":"70003531","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3451,"text":"Southwestern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Identifying nest predators of American avocets (Recurvirostra americana) and black-necked stilts (Himantopus mexicanus) in San Francisco Bay, California","title":"Identifying nest predators of American avocets (Recurvirostra americana) and black-necked stilts (Himantopus mexicanus) in San Francisco Bay, California","docAbstract":"We evaluated predation on nests and methods to detect predators using a combination of infrared cameras and plasticine eggs at nests of American avocets (Recurvirostra americana) and black-necked stilts (Himantopus mexicanus) in Don Edwards San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge, San Mateo and Santa Clara counties, California. Each technique indicated that predation was prevalent; 59% of monitored nests were depredated. Most identifiable predation (n = 49) was caused by mammals (71%) and rates of predation were similar on avocets and stilts. Raccoons (Procyon lotor) and striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis) each accounted for 16% of predations, whereas gray foxes (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) and avian predators each accounted for 14%. Mammalian predation was mainly nocturnal (mean time, 0051 h ± 5 h 36 min), whereas most avian predation was in late afternoon (mean time, 1800 h ± 1 h 26 min). Nests with cameras and plasticine eggs were 1.6 times more likely to be predated than nests where only cameras were used in monitoring. Cameras were associated with lower abandonment of nests and provided definitive identification of predators.
","language":"English","publisher":"Southwestern Association of Naturalists","doi":"10.1894/KF-14.1","usgsCitation":"Herring, G., Ackerman, J., Takekawa, J.Y., Eagles-Smith, C.A., and Eadie, J.M., 2011, Identifying nest predators of American avocets (Recurvirostra americana) and black-necked stilts (Himantopus mexicanus) in San Francisco Bay, California: Southwestern Naturalist, v. 56, no. 1, p. 35-43, https://doi.org/10.1894/KF-14.1.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"35","endPage":"43","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204020,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Mateo County, Santa Clara County","otherGeospatial":"Don Edwards San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.25,37.333333333333336 ], [ -122.25,37.583333333333336 ], [ -121.86666666666666,37.583333333333336 ], [ -121.86666666666666,37.333333333333336 ], [ -122.25,37.333333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"56","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c74a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Herring, Garth 0000-0003-1106-4731 gherring@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1106-4731","contributorId":4403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herring","given":"Garth","email":"gherring@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":347648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ackerman, Joshua T. 0000-0002-3074-8322 jackerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3074-8322","contributorId":147078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Joshua T.","email":"jackerman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":347650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":347647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eagles-Smith, Collin A. 0000-0003-1329-5285 ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1329-5285","contributorId":505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eagles-Smith","given":"Collin","email":"ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":347646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Eadie, John M.","contributorId":65219,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eadie","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7082,"text":"University of California - Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":347649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70208565,"text":"70208565 - 2011 - Testing a high-resolution satellite interpretation technique for crop area monitoring in developing countries","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-20T09:58:46","indexId":"70208565","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-09T10:02:58","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2068,"text":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Testing a high-resolution satellite interpretation technique for crop area monitoring in developing countries","docAbstract":"District-level crop area (CA) is a highly uncertain term in food production equations, which are used to allocate food aid and implement appropriate food security initiatives. Remote sensing studies typically overestimate CA and production, as subsistence plots are exaggerated at coarser resolution, which leads to overoptimistic food reports. In this study, medium-resolution (MR) Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) images were manually classified for Niger and corrected using CA estimates derived from high-resolution (HR) sample image, topographic and socioeconomic data. A logistic model with smoothing splines was used to compute the block-average (0.1°) probability of an area being cropped. Livelihood zones and elevation explained 75% of the deviance in CA, while MR did not add explanatory power. The model overestimates CA when compared to the national inventory, possibly because of temporal changes in intercropping and the exclusion of some staple crops in the national inventory.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/01431161.2010.532168","usgsCitation":"Marshall, M.T., Husak, G., Michaelsen, J., Funk, C., Pedreros, D., and Adoum, A., 2011, Testing a high-resolution satellite interpretation technique for crop area monitoring in developing countries: International Journal of Remote Sensing, v. 32, no. 23, p. 7997-8012, https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2010.532168.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"7997","endPage":"8012","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":372383,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Niger","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 0.0439453125,\n 11.824341483849048\n ],\n [\n 15.380859374999998,\n 11.824341483849048\n ],\n [\n 15.380859374999998,\n 16.088042220148818\n ],\n [\n 0.0439453125,\n 16.088042220148818\n ],\n [\n 0.0439453125,\n 11.824341483849048\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"32","issue":"23","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marshall, M. T.","contributorId":222558,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marshall","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":782540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Husak, G.J.","contributorId":91314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Husak","given":"G.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":782541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Michaelsen, J.","contributorId":12288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michaelsen","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":782542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Funk, Chris 0000-0002-9254-6718 cfunk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9254-6718","contributorId":167070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Funk","given":"Chris","email":"cfunk@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":782543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pedreros, D. 0000-0001-9943-7373","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9943-7373","contributorId":222559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pedreros","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":782544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Adoum, A.","contributorId":182464,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adoum","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":782545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70005099,"text":"sir20115109 - 2011 - Estimated suspended-sediment loads and yields in the French and Brandywine Creek Basins, Chester County, Pennsylvania, water years 2008-09","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:41","indexId":"sir20115109","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5109","title":"Estimated suspended-sediment loads and yields in the French and Brandywine Creek Basins, Chester County, Pennsylvania, water years 2008-09","docAbstract":"Turbidity and suspended-sediment concentration data were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) at four stream stations--French Creek near Phoenixville, West Branch Brandywine Creek near Honey Brook, West Branch Brandywine Creek at Modena, and East Branch Brandywine Creek below Downingtown--in Chester County, Pa. Sedimentation and siltation is the leading cause of stream impairment in Chester County, and these data are critical for quantifying sediment transport. This study was conducted by the USGS in cooperation with the Chester County Water Resources Authority and the Chester County Health Department. Data from optical turbidity sensors deployed at the four stations were recorded at 15- or 30-minute intervals by a data logger and uploaded every 1 to 4 hours to the USGS database. Most of the suspended-sediment samples were collected using automated samplers. The use of optical sensors to continuously monitor turbidity provided an accurate estimate of sediment fluctuations without the collection and analysis costs associated with intensive sampling during storms. Turbidity was used as a surrogate for suspended-sediment concentration (SSC), which is a measure of sedimentation and siltation. Regression models were developed between SSC and turbidity for each of the monitoring stations using SSC data collected from the automated samplers and turbidity data collected at each station. Instantaneous suspended-sediment loads (SSL) were computed from time-series turbidity and discharge data for the 2008 and 2009 water years using the regression equations. The instantaneous computations of SSL were summed to provide daily, storm, and water year annual loads. The annual SSL contributed from each basin was divided by the upstream drainage area to estimate the annual sediment yield. For all four basins, storms provided more than 96 percent of the annual SSL. In each basin, four storms generally provided over half the annual SSL each water year. Stormflows with the highest peak discharges generally carried the highest SSLs. For all stations, the greatest SSLs occurred during the late winter in February and March during the 2008 water year. During the 2009 water year, the greatest SSLs occurred during December and August. For French Creek near Phoenixville, the estimated annual SSL was 3,500 tons, and the estimated yield was 59.1 tons per square mile (ton/mi2) for the 2008 water year. For the 2009 water year, the annual SSL was 4,390 tons, and the yield was 74.3 ton/mi2. For West Branch Brandywine Creek near Honey Brook, the estimated annual SSL was 4,580 tons, and the estimated yield was 245 ton/mi2 for the 2008 water year. For the 2009 water year, the annual SSL was 2,300 tons, and the yield was 123 ton/mi2. For West Branch Brandywine Creek at Modena, the estimated annual SSL was 7,480 tons, and the estimated yield was 136 ton/mi2 for the 2008 water year. For the 2009 water year, the annual SSL was 4,930 tons, and the yield was 90 ton/mi2. For East Branch Brandywine Creek below Downingtown, the estimated annual SSL was 8,900 tons, and the estimated yield was 100 ton/mi2 for the 2008 water year. For the 2009 water year, the annual SSL was 7,590 tons, and the yield was 84 ton/mi2.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115109","usgsCitation":"Sloto, R.A., and Olson, L.E., 2011, Estimated suspended-sediment loads and yields in the French and Brandywine Creek Basins, Chester County, Pennsylvania, water years 2008-09: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5109, vi, 31 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115109.","productDescription":"vi, 31 p.","startPage":"i","endPage":"31","numberOfPages":"37","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2007-10-01","temporalEnd":"2009-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116096,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5109.jpg"},{"id":24539,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5109/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"2000000","projection":"Albers Equal-Area ConicProjection","country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","county":"Chester","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -76.05,39.666666666666664 ], [ -76.05,40.3 ], [ -75.41666666666667,40.3 ], [ -75.41666666666667,39.666666666666664 ], [ -76.05,39.666666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fccb2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sloto, Ronald A. rasloto@usgs.gov","contributorId":424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sloto","given":"Ronald","email":"rasloto@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Olson, Leif E. leolson@usgs.gov","contributorId":2108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"Leif","email":"leolson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":351996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70005101,"text":"fs20113090 - 2011 - Occurrence, distribution, and concentrations of selected contaminants in streambed- and suspended-sediment samples collected in Bexar County, Texas, 2007-09","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-11T15:28:03","indexId":"fs20113090","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-3090","title":"Occurrence, distribution, and concentrations of selected contaminants in streambed- and suspended-sediment samples collected in Bexar County, Texas, 2007-09","docAbstract":"High concentrations of sediment-associated contaminants are typically associated with urban areas such as San Antonio, Texas, in Bexar County, the seventh most populous city in the United States. U.S. Geological Survey personnel periodically collected surficial streambed-sediment samples during 2007-09 and collected suspended-sediment samples from selected streams after storms during 2008 and 2009. All sediment samples were analyzed for major and trace elements, pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20113090","usgsCitation":"Wilson, J.T., 2011, Occurrence, distribution, and concentrations of selected contaminants in streambed- and suspended-sediment samples collected in Bexar County, Texas, 2007-09: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2011-3090, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20113090.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"4","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2006-10-01","temporalEnd":"2009-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116098,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2011_3090.gif"},{"id":24540,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2011/3090/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Bexar","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -99.58333333333333,29.166666666666668 ], [ -99.58333333333333,30 ], [ -98.16666666666667,30 ], [ -98.16666666666667,29.166666666666668 ], [ -99.58333333333333,29.166666666666668 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af4e4b07f02db6920c8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Jennifer T. 0000-0003-4481-6354 jenwilso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-6354","contributorId":1782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Jennifer","email":"jenwilso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70005042,"text":"70005042 - 2011 - Characterization of culturable bacteria isolated from the cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-23T16:40:36.300782","indexId":"70005042","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1619,"text":"FEMS Microbiology Ecology","onlineIssn":"1574-6941","printIssn":"0168-6496","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Characterization of culturable bacteria isolated from the cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa","title":"Characterization of culturable bacteria isolated from the cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa","docAbstract":"Microorganisms associated with corals are hypothesized to contribute to the function of the host animal by cycling nutrients, breaking down carbon sources, fixing nitrogen, and producing antibiotics. This is the first study to culture and characterize bacteria from Lophelia pertusa, a cold-water coral found in the deep sea, in an effort to understand the roles that the microorganisms play in the coral microbial community. Two sites in the northern Gulf of Mexico were sampled over 2 years. Bacteria were cultured from coral tissue, skeleton, and mucus, identified by 16S rRNA genes, and subjected to biochemical testing. Most isolates were members of the Gammaproteobacteria, although there was one isolate each from the Betaproteobacteria and Actinobacteria. Phylogenetic results showed that both sampling sites shared closely related isolates (e.g. Pseudoalteromonas spp.), indicating possible temporally and geographically stable bacterial-coral associations. The Kirby-Bauer antibiotic susceptibility test was used to separate bacteria to the strain level, with the results showing that isolates that were phylogenetically tightly grouped had varying responses to antibiotics. These results support the conclusion that phylogenetic placement cannot predict strain-level differences and further highlight the need for culture-based experiments to supplement culture-independent studies.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01115.x","usgsCitation":"Galkiewicz, J.P., Pratte, Z., Gray, M.A., and Kellogg, C.A., 2011, Characterization of culturable bacteria isolated from the cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa: FEMS Microbiology Ecology, v. 77, no. 2, p. 333-346, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01115.x.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"333","endPage":"346","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474939,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01115.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":204133,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.648681640625,\n 29.373798251985612\n ],\n [\n -88.40560913085938,\n 29.373798251985612\n ],\n [\n -88.40560913085938,\n 29.604506272365295\n ],\n [\n -88.648681640625,\n 29.604506272365295\n ],\n [\n -88.648681640625,\n 29.373798251985612\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"77","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4da6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Galkiewicz, Julia P.","contributorId":61944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galkiewicz","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pratte, Zoe A.","contributorId":92789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pratte","given":"Zoe A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gray, Michael A. 0000-0002-3856-5037 mgray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3856-5037","contributorId":3532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"Michael","email":"mgray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kellogg, Christina A. 0000-0002-6492-9455 ckellogg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6492-9455","contributorId":391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kellogg","given":"Christina","email":"ckellogg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70003649,"text":"70003649 - 2011 - Hypsometry of Titan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-26T16:31:06.167499","indexId":"70003649","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hypsometry of Titan","docAbstract":"Cassini RADAR topography data are used to evaluate Titan’s hypsometric profile, and to make comparisons with other planetary bodies. Titan’s hypsogram is unimodal and strikingly narrow compared with the terrestrial planets. To investigate topographic extremes, a novel variant on the classic hypsogram is introduced, with a logarithmic abscissa to highlight mountainous terrain. In such a plot, the top of the terrestrial hypsogram is quite distinct from those of Mars and Venus due to the ‘glacial buzz-saw’ that clips terrestrial topography above the snowline. In contrast to the positive skew seen in other hypsograms, with a long tail of positive relief due to mountains, there is an indication (weak, given the limited data for Titan so far) that the Titan hypsogram appears slightly negatively skewed, suggesting a significant population of unfilled depressions. Limited data permit only a simplistic comparison of Titan topography with other icy satellites but we find that the standard deviation of terrain height (albeit at different scales) is similar to those of Ganymede and Europa.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2010.10.002","usgsCitation":"Lorenz, R.D., Turtle, E.P., Stiles, B., Le Gall, A., Hayes, A., Aharonson, O., Wood, C.A., Stofan, E., and Kirk, R., 2011, Hypsometry of Titan: Icarus, v. 211, no. 1, p. 699-706, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2010.10.002.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"699","endPage":"706","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204116,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Titan","volume":"211","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb74b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lorenz, Ralph D.","contributorId":56360,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lorenz","given":"Ralph","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Turtle, Elizabeth P.","contributorId":45443,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Turtle","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stiles, Bryan","contributorId":37053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stiles","given":"Bryan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Le Gall, Alice","contributorId":77650,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Le Gall","given":"Alice","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hayes, Alexander","contributorId":72920,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hayes","given":"Alexander","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Aharonson, Oded","contributorId":59932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aharonson","given":"Oded","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wood, Charles A.","contributorId":27599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Stofan, Ellen","contributorId":101373,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stofan","given":"Ellen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Kirk, Randy","contributorId":107841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirk","given":"Randy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70005091,"text":"70005091 - 2011 - A whole ecosystem approach to studying climate change in interior Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T13:57:00","indexId":"70005091","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A whole ecosystem approach to studying climate change in interior Alaska","docAbstract":"Yukon River Basin Principal Investigators Workshop; Portland, Oregon, 18-20 January 2011; High latitudes are known to be particularly susceptible to climate warming, leading to an emphasis of field and modeling research on arctic regions. Subarctic and boreal regions such as the Yukon River Basin (YRB) of interior Alaska and western Canada are less well studied, although they encompass large areas that are vulnerable to changes in forest composition, permafrost distribution, and hydrology. There is an urgent need to understand the resiliency and vulnerability of these complex ecosystems as well as their feedbacks to the global climate system. Consequently, U.S. Geological Survey scientists, with other federal agency, university, and private industry partners, is focusing subarctic interdisciplinary studies on the Beaver Creek Wild and Scenic River watershed (http://www.blm.gov/pgdata/content/ak/en/prog/nlcs/beavercrk_nwsr.html) and Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge (http://yukonflats.fws.gov/) in the YRB, south and west of Fort Yukon, Alaska. These areas are national treasures of wetlands, lakes, and uplands that support large populations of wildlife and waterfowl and are home to vibrant native Alaskan communities that depend on the area for a subsistence lifestyle.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2011EO180010","usgsCitation":"Riggins, S., Striegl, R.G., and McHale, M., 2011, A whole ecosystem approach to studying climate change in interior Alaska: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 92, no. 18, p. 155-155, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011EO180010.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"155","endPage":"155","numberOfPages":"1","costCenters":[{"id":145,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Central Region","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":490000,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2011eo180010","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":203249,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","volume":"92","issue":"18","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4d1e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Riggins, Susan","contributorId":78200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riggins","given":"Susan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Striegl, Robert G. 0000-0002-8251-4659 rstriegl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8251-4659","contributorId":1630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Striegl","given":"Robert","email":"rstriegl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":351990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McHale, Michael","contributorId":32406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McHale","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70005116,"text":"pp1784A - 2011 - Constraining the age and magnitude of uplift in the northern National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska (NPRA): Apatite fission-track analysis of samples from three wells","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70005116,"text":"pp1784A - 2011 - Constraining the age and magnitude of uplift in the northern National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska (NPRA): Apatite fission-track analysis of samples from three wells","indexId":"pp1784A","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"chapter":"A","title":"Constraining the age and magnitude of uplift in the northern National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska (NPRA): Apatite fission-track analysis of samples from three wells"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70200800,"text":"pp1784 - 2011 - Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, 2010","indexId":"pp1784","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"title":"Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, 2010"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70200800,"text":"pp1784 - 2011 - Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, 2010","indexId":"pp1784","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"title":"Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, 2010"},"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-11T21:08:10.817666","indexId":"pp1784A","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1784","chapter":"A","title":"Constraining the age and magnitude of uplift in the northern National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska (NPRA): Apatite fission-track analysis of samples from three wells","docAbstract":"A broad, post-mid-Cretaceous uplift is defined in the northern National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska (NPRA) by regional truncation of Cretaceous strata, thermal maturity patterns, and amounts of exhumation estimated from sonic logs. Apatite fission-track (AFT) analysis of samples from three wells (South Meade No. 1, Topagoruk No. 1, and Ikpikpuk No. 1) across the eastern flank of the uplift indicates Tertiary cooling followed by Quaternary heating.
Results from all three wells indicate that cooling, presumably caused by uplift and erosion, started about 75–65 Ma (latest Cretaceous–earliest Tertiary) and continued through the Tertiary Period. Data from South Meade indicate more rapid cooling after about 35–15 Ma (latest Eocene–middle Miocene) followed by a significant increase in subsurface temperature during the Quaternary, probably the result of increased heat flow. Data from Topagoruk and Ikpikpuk include subtle evidence of accelerated cooling starting in the latest Eocene–middle Miocene and possible evidence of increased temperature during the Quaternary. Subsurface temperature perturbations related to the insulating effect of permafrost may have been responsible for the Quaternary temperature increase at Topagoruk and Ikpikpuk and may have been a contributing factor at South Meade.
Multiple lines of geologic evidence suggest that the magnitude of exhumation resulting from uplift and erosion is 5,000–6,500 ft at South Meade, 4,000–5,500 ft at Topagoruk, and 2,500–4,000 ft at Ikpikpuk. The results from these wells help to define the broad geometry of the uplift, which increases in magnitude from less than 1,000 ft at the Colville River delta to perhaps more than 7,000 ft along the northwestern coast of NPRA, between Point Barrow and Peard Bay. Neither the origin nor the offshore extent of the uplift, west and north of the NPRA coast, have been determined.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, 2010 (Professional Paper 1784)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1784A","collaboration":"Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, 2010","usgsCitation":"Houseknecht, D.W., Bird, K.J., and O'Sullivan, P., 2011, Constraining the age and magnitude of uplift in the northern National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska (NPRA): Apatite fission-track analysis of samples from three wells: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1784, Report: iii, 22 p.; 1 Plate: 36.00 x 52.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1784A.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 22 p.; 1 Plate: 36.00 x 52.00 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":424349,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_95413.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":24546,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1784/a/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":116185,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp_1784_A.gif"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"National Petroleum Reserve","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -165,\n 68\n ],\n [\n -165,\n 72\n ],\n [\n -150,\n 72\n ],\n [\n -150,\n 68\n ],\n [\n -165,\n 68\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699d16","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Houseknecht, David W. 0000-0002-9633-6910 dhouse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9633-6910","contributorId":645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houseknecht","given":"David","email":"dhouse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":352005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bird, Kenneth J. kbird@usgs.gov","contributorId":1015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bird","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbird@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":352006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O'Sullivan, Paul","contributorId":84473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Sullivan","given":"Paul","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70003935,"text":"70003935 - 2011 - Identification of last interglacial deposits in eastern Beringia: a cautionary note from the Palisades, interior Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-16T15:45:18","indexId":"70003935","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2437,"text":"Journal of Quaternary Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identification of last interglacial deposits in eastern Beringia: a cautionary note from the Palisades, interior Alaska","docAbstract":"Last interglacial sediments in unglaciated Alaska and Yukon (eastern Beringia) are commonly identified by palaeoecological indicators and stratigraphic position ~2-5m above the regionally prominent Old Crow tephra (124 + or - 10ka). We demonstrate that this approach can yield erroneous age assignments using data from a new exposure at the Palisades, a site in interior Alaska with numerous exposures of last interglacial sediments. Tephrochronology, stratigraphy, plant macrofossils, pollen and fossil insects from a prominent wood-rich organic silt unit are all consistent with a last interglacial age assignment. However, six 14C dates on plant and insect macrofossils from the organic silt range from non-finite to 4.0 14C ka BP, indicating that the organic silt instead represents a Holocene deposit with a mixed-age assemblage of organic material. In contrast, wood samples from presumed last interglacial organic-rich sediments elsewhere at the Palisades, in a similar stratigraphic position with respect to Old Crow tephra, yield non-finite 14C ages. Given that local permafrost thaw since the last interglaciation may facilitate reworking of older sediments into new stratigraphic positions, minimum constraining ages based on 14C dating or other methods should supplement age assignments for last interglacial sediments in eastern Beringia that are based on palaeoecology and stratigraphic association with Old Crow tephra.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Quaternary Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"John Wiley & Sons","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1002/jqs.1464","usgsCitation":"Reyes, A.V., Zazula, G.D., Kuzmina, S., Ager, T.A., and Froese, D.G., 2011, Identification of last interglacial deposits in eastern Beringia: a cautionary note from the Palisades, interior Alaska: Journal of Quaternary Science, v. 26, no. 3, p. 345-352, https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.1464.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"345","endPage":"352","costCenters":[{"id":308,"text":"Geology and Environmental Change Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":269470,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jqs.1464"},{"id":204105,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States;Canada","state":"Alaska;Yukon","otherGeospatial":"Eastern Beringia","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -165,60 ], [ -165,70 ], [ -135,70 ], [ -135,60 ], [ -165,60 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"26","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c788","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reyes, Alberto V.","contributorId":14560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reyes","given":"Alberto","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zazula, Grant D.","contributorId":91982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zazula","given":"Grant","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kuzmina, Svetlana","contributorId":34250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuzmina","given":"Svetlana","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ager, Thomas A. 0000-0002-5029-7581 tager@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5029-7581","contributorId":736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ager","given":"Thomas","email":"tager@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":349588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Froese, Duane G.","contributorId":47072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Froese","given":"Duane","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70005077,"text":"70005077 - 2011 - A 4-year study of invasive and native spider populations in Maine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-07T20:01:16.312162","indexId":"70005077","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1176,"text":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A 4-year study of invasive and native spider populations in Maine","docAbstract":"Invasive spiders pose potential threats to native spiders. In 2002, the European spider Linyphia triangularis (Clerck, 1757) (Araneae: Linyphiidae) was discovered in all but one county in Maine. At Acadia National Park, we conducted a 4-year study of L. triangularis and three native linyphiid species of a similar size (Frontinella communis (Hentz, 1850), Pityohyphantes subarcticus Chamberlin and Ivie, 1943, and Neriene radiata (Walckenaer, 1842)). Using line-transect surveys, we measured population densities in coastal and forest habitat. The density of L. triangularis varied across years but was always significantly higher on the coast than in the forest. In contrast, only one native species was present on the coast and at very low numbers. Coastal L. triangularis were larger and in better condition than those in the forest, and numbers and biomass of insect prey were also higher on the coast. In 2 years, we also conducted transects at a second coastal location in Maine where the invader was at low density. At that site, native densities were substantially higher than at either Acadia site. Our data are consistent with the hypothesis that L. triangularis is reducing populations of native spiders. Companion studies suggest that L. triangularis negatively impacts natives by usurping both web sites and webs.
","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","publisherLocation":"Ottawa, ON","doi":"10.1139/z11-050","usgsCitation":"Jakob, E.M., Porter, A.H., Ginsberg, H., Bednarski, J.V., and Houser, J., 2011, A 4-year study of invasive and native spider populations in Maine: Canadian Journal of Zoology, v. 89, no. 8, p. 668-677, https://doi.org/10.1139/z11-050.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"668","endPage":"677","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488113,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/pls_facpubs/149","text":"External Repository"},{"id":204134,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","volume":"89","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b4296","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jakob, Elizabeth M.","contributorId":90602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jakob","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Porter, Adam H.","contributorId":82587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Porter","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ginsberg, Howard 0000-0002-4933-2466","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4933-2466","contributorId":15473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ginsberg","given":"Howard","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bednarski, Julie V.","contributorId":13497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bednarski","given":"Julie","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Houser, Jeremy","contributorId":63687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houser","given":"Jeremy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70005117,"text":"sir20115093 - 2011 - Simulation of streamflow, evapotranspiration, and groundwater recharge in the Lower Frio River watershed, south Texas, 1961-2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-11T15:27:35","indexId":"sir20115093","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5093","title":"Simulation of streamflow, evapotranspiration, and groundwater recharge in the Lower Frio River watershed, south Texas, 1961-2008","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Fort Worth District; the City of Corpus Christi; the Guadalupe-Blanco River Authority; the San Antonio River Authority; and the San Antonio Water System, configured, calibrated, and tested a watershed model for a study area consisting of about 5,490 mi2 of the Frio River watershed in south Texas. The purpose of the model is to contribute to the understanding of watershed processes and hydrologic conditions in the lower Frio River watershed. The model simulates streamflow, evapotranspiration (ET), and groundwater recharge by using a numerical representation of physical characteristics of the landscape, and meteorological and streamflow data. Additional time-series inputs to the model include wastewater-treatment-plant discharges, surface-water withdrawals, and estimated groundwater inflow from Leona Springs. Model simulations of streamflow, ET, and groundwater recharge were done for various periods of record depending upon available measured data for input and comparison, starting as early as 1961. Because of the large size of the study area, the lower Frio River watershed was divided into 12 subwatersheds; separate Hydrological Simulation Program-FORTRAN models were developed for each subwatershed. Simulation of the overall study area involved running simulations in downstream order. Output from the model was summarized by subwatershed, point locations, reservoir reaches, and the Carrizo-Wilcox aquifer outcrop. Four long-term U.S. Geological Survey streamflow-gaging stations and two short-term streamflow-gaging stations were used for streamflow model calibration and testing with data from 1991-2008. Calibration was based on data from 2000-08, and testing was based on data from 1991-99. Choke Canyon Reservoir stage data from 1992-2008 and monthly evaporation estimates from 1999-2008 also were used for model calibration. Additionally, 2006-08 ET data from a U.S. Geological Survey meteorological station in Medina County were used for calibration. Streamflow and ET calibration were considered good or very good. For the 2000-08 calibration period, total simulated flow volume and the flow volume of the highest 10 percent of simulated daily flows were calibrated to within about 10 percent of measured volumes at six U.S. Geological Survey streamflow-gaging stations. The flow volume of the lowest 50 percent of daily flows was not simulated as accurately but represented a small percent of the total flow volume. The model-fit efficiency for the weekly mean streamflow during the calibration periods ranged from 0.60 to 0.91, and the root mean square error ranged from 16 to 271 percent of the mean flow rate. The simulated total flow volumes during the testing periods at the long-term gaging stations exceeded the measured total flow volumes by approximately 22 to 50 percent at three stations and were within 7 percent of the measured total flow volumes at one station. For the longer 1961-2008 simulation period at the long-term stations, simulated total flow volumes were within about 3 to 18 percent of measured total flow volumes. The calibrations made by using Choke Canyon reservoir volume for 1992-2008, reservoir evaporation for 1999-2008, and ET in Medina County for 2006-08, are considered very good. Model limitations include possible errors related to model conceptualization and parameter variability, lack of data to better quantify certain model inputs, and measurement errors. Uncertainty regarding the degree to which available rainfall data represent actual rainfall is potentially the most serious source of measurement error. A sensitivity analysis was performed for the Upper San Miguel subwatershed model to show the effect of changes to model parameters on the estimated mean recharge, ET, and surface runoff from that part of the Carrizo-Wilcox aquifer outcrop. Simulated recharge was most sensitive to the changes in the lower-zone ET (LZ
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115093","collaboration":"In cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Fort Worth District; City of Corpus Christi; Guadalupe-Blanco River Authority; San Antonio River Authority; and San Antonio Water System","usgsCitation":"Lizarraga, J.S., and Ockerman, D.J., 2011, Simulation of streamflow, evapotranspiration, and groundwater recharge in the Lower Frio River watershed, south Texas, 1961-2008: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5093, vi, 42 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115093.","productDescription":"vi, 42 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116191,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5093.gif"},{"id":24555,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5093/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.23999023437499,\n 27.9361805667694\n ],\n [\n -97.27294921875,\n 28.700224692776988\n ],\n [\n -97.470703125,\n 29.783449456820605\n ],\n [\n -97.646484375,\n 30.420256142845158\n ],\n [\n -98.316650390625,\n 30.685163937659564\n ],\n [\n -99.052734375,\n 31.034108344903512\n ],\n [\n -100.26123046875,\n 31.39115752282472\n ],\n [\n -100.8544921875,\n 31.25037814985571\n ],\n [\n -101.348876953125,\n 30.817346256492073\n ],\n [\n -101.40380859375,\n 29.754839972510933\n ],\n [\n -100.8544921875,\n 29.23847708592805\n ],\n [\n -99.1845703125,\n 28.304380682962783\n ],\n [\n -97.61352539062499,\n 27.907058371121995\n ],\n [\n -97.23999023437499,\n 27.9361805667694\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f7e4b07f02db5f20b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lizarraga, Joy S.","contributorId":43735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lizarraga","given":"Joy","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ockerman, Darwin J. 0000-0003-1958-1688 ockerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1958-1688","contributorId":1579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ockerman","given":"Darwin","email":"ockerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":352008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70004940,"text":"70004940 - 2011 - Hydrologic and geomorphic considerations in restoration of river-floodplain connectivity in a highly altered river system, Lower Missouri River, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-07T15:50:29","indexId":"70004940","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3751,"text":"Wetlands Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrologic and geomorphic considerations in restoration of river-floodplain connectivity in a highly altered river system, Lower Missouri River, USA","docAbstract":"Planning for restoration of river-floodplain systems requires understanding how often and how much of a floodplain may be inundated, and how likely the floodplain is to retain the water once flooded. These factors depend fundamentally on hydrology and geomorphology of the channel and floodplain. We discuss application of an index of river-floodplain connectivity, the Land Capability Potential Index (LCPI), to regional-scale restoration planning along 600 km of the Lower Missouri River. The LCPI integrates modeled water-surface elevations, floodplain topography, and soils to index relative wetness of floodplain patches. Geomorphic adjustment of the Lower Missouri River to impoundment and channel engineering has altered the natural relations among hydrology, geomorphology, and floodplain soils, and has resulted in a regional upstream to downstream gradient in connectivity potential. As a result, flow-regime management is limited in its capacity to restore floodplain ecosystems. The LCPI provides a tool for identifying and mapping floodplain restoration potential, accounting for the geomorphic adjustment. Using simple criteria, we illustrate the utility of LCPI-like approaches in regional planning for restoration of plains cottonwood (Populus deltoides) communities, hydrologically connected floodplain wetlands, and seasonal floodplain wetlands.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11273-011-9217-3","usgsCitation":"Jacobson, R.B., Janke, T.P., and Skold, J.J., 2011, Hydrologic and geomorphic considerations in restoration of river-floodplain connectivity in a highly altered river system, Lower Missouri River, USA: Wetlands Ecology and Management, v. 19, no. 4, p. 295-316, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11273-011-9217-3.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"295","endPage":"316","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204033,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Lower Missouri River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.57812499999999,\n 46.92025531537451\n ],\n [\n -106.69921875,\n 44.465151013519616\n ],\n [\n -97.734375,\n 43.77109381775651\n ],\n [\n -97.734375,\n 41.50857729743935\n ],\n [\n -93.69140625,\n 37.92686760148135\n ],\n [\n -90.439453125,\n 37.50972584293751\n ],\n [\n -89.736328125,\n 36.66841891894786\n ],\n [\n -88.9453125,\n 39.095962936305476\n ],\n [\n -93.515625,\n 44.276671273775186\n ],\n [\n -98.701171875,\n 46.01222384063236\n ],\n [\n -107.57812499999999,\n 46.92025531537451\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"19","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae6e4b07f02db68b3c3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jacobson, Robert B. 0000-0002-8368-2064 rjacobson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8368-2064","contributorId":1289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobson","given":"Robert","email":"rjacobson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Janke, Tyler P.","contributorId":49095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Janke","given":"Tyler","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Skold, Jason J.","contributorId":102996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skold","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70005097,"text":"ofr20111186 - 2011 - Population status and population genetics of northern leopard frogs in Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:59","indexId":"ofr20111186","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1186","title":"Population status and population genetics of northern leopard frogs in Arizona","docAbstract":"Increasing isolation of populations by habitat fragmentation threatens the persistence of many species, both from stochastic loss of small isolated populations, and from inbreeding effects in populations that have become genetically isolated. In the southwestern United States, amphibian habitat is naturally patchy in occurrence because of the prevailing aridity of the region. Streams, rivers, and other wetlands are important both as habitat and as corridors that connect populations. However, populations of some species have become more fragmented and isolated by habitat degradation and loss. Northern leopard frogs (Rana pipiens) have experienced serious declines in the Southwest. We conducted an extensive survey across the known range of northern leopard frogs in Arizona to determine the current distribution and abundance of the species. From a range that once spanned much of the northern and central part of the State, northern leopard frogs have been reduced to three or four widely separated populations, near Lyman Lake in east-central Arizona, in the Stoneman Lake area south of Flagstaff, along Truxton Wash near Peach Springs, and a population of uncertain extent on Navajo Nation lands. The Lyman Lake and Truxton Wash populations are small and extremely isolated. The Stoneman Lake population, however, is an extensive metapopulation spread across several stream drainages, including numerous ponds, wetlands, and artificial tanks. This is the only population in Arizona that is increasing in extent and numbers, but there is concern about the apparent introduction of nonnative genetic stock from eastern North America into this area. \n\nWe analyzed genetic diversity within and genetic divergence among populations of northern leopard frogs, across both extant and recently extirpated populations in Arizona. We also analyzed mitochondrial DNA to place these populations into a larger phylogenetic framework and to determine whether any populations contained genetic material not native to the region. We found a high level of genetic divergence among the population centers (Lyman Lake, Stoneman Lake, Truxton Wash), and low genetic diversity in the small populations at Lyman Lake and Truxton. The extensive population in the Stoneman Lake area had high genetic diversity and relatively high gene flow among ponds and tanks across the entire extent of the area. However, this population also contained a mitochondrial haplotype from northern leopard frogs from the northeastern United States or southeastern Canada, probably representing the introduction of released pets or laboratory animals. These eastern frogs were extensively distributed through this population, and probably contributed to its high genetic diversity. Genetic diversity in the outlying populations such as Truxton Wash, East Buckskin Tank, and Hess Tank was low and showed signs of recent bottlenecks. However, supplementing genetic diversity in these native populations with artificial gene flow from the Stoneman Lake area may only be advisable in extreme situations for which there are no other alternatives. Until the nature and effects of genetic mixing of eastern and western genetic stocks of northern leopard frogs are better understood, the long-term persistence of the species in the Southwest may be best served by retaining as much genetic integrity of remaining native populations as possible.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111186","usgsCitation":"Theimer, T.C., Drost, C.A., O’Donnell, R.P., and Mock, K.E., 2011, Population status and population genetics of northern leopard frogs in Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1186, vi, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111186.","productDescription":"vi, 36 p.","startPage":"i","endPage":"36","numberOfPages":"42","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116097,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1186.gif"},{"id":24538,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1186/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114,34 ], [ -114,37 ], [ -109,37 ], [ -109,34 ], [ -114,34 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4f01","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Theimer, Tad C.","contributorId":72073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Theimer","given":"Tad","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Drost, Charles A. 0000-0002-4792-7095 charles_drost@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4792-7095","contributorId":3151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drost","given":"Charles","email":"charles_drost@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O’Donnell, Ryan P. 0000-0002-8710-7956 rodonnell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8710-7956","contributorId":4657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Donnell","given":"Ryan","email":"rodonnell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mock, Karen E.","contributorId":84061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mock","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70005062,"text":"sir20115104 - 2011 - A method for estimating peak and time of peak streamflow from excess rainfall for 10- to 640-acre watersheds in the Houston, Texas, metropolitan area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-11T15:28:39","indexId":"sir20115104","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5104","title":"A method for estimating peak and time of peak streamflow from excess rainfall for 10- to 640-acre watersheds in the Houston, Texas, metropolitan area","docAbstract":"Estimates of peak and time of peak streamflow for small watersheds (less than about 640 acres) in a suburban to urban, low-slope setting are needed for drainage design that is cost-effective and risk-mitigated. During 2007-10, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Harris County Flood Control District and the Texas Department of Transportation, developed a method to estimate peak and time of peak streamflow from excess rainfall for 10- to 640-acre watersheds in the Houston, Texas, metropolitan area. To develop the method, 24 watersheds in the study area with drainage areas less than about 3.5 square miles (2,240 acres) and with concomitant rainfall and runoff data were selected. The method is based on conjunctive analysis of rainfall and runoff data in the context of the unit hydrograph method and the rational method. For the unit hydrograph analysis, a gamma distribution model of unit hydrograph shape (a gamma unit hydrograph) was chosen and parameters estimated through matching of modeled peak and time of peak streamflow to observed values on a storm-by-storm basis. Watershed mean or watershed-specific values of peak and time to peak (\"time to peak\" is a parameter of the gamma unit hydrograph and is distinct from \"time of peak\") of the gamma unit hydrograph were computed. Two regression equations to estimate peak and time to peak of the gamma unit hydrograph that are based on watershed characteristics of drainage area and basin-development factor (BDF) were developed. For the rational method analysis, a lag time (time-R), volumetric runoff coefficient, and runoff coefficient were computed on a storm-by-storm basis. Watershed-specific values of these three metrics were computed. A regression equation to estimate time-R based on drainage area and BDF was developed. Overall arithmetic means of volumetric runoff coefficient (0.41 dimensionless) and runoff coefficient (0.25 dimensionless) for the 24 watersheds were used to express the rational method in terms of excess rainfall (the excess rational method). Both the unit hydrograph method and excess rational method are shown to provide similar estimates of peak and time of peak streamflow. The results from the two methods can be combined by using arithmetic means. A nomograph is provided that shows the respective relations between the arithmetic-mean peak and time of peak streamflow to drainage areas ranging from 10 to 640 acres. The nomograph also shows the respective relations for selected BDF ranging from undeveloped to fully developed conditions. The nomograph represents the peak streamflow for 1 inch of excess rainfall based on drainage area and BDF; the peak streamflow for design storms from the nomograph can be multiplied by the excess rainfall to estimate peak streamflow. Time of peak streamflow is readily obtained from the nomograph. Therefore, given excess rainfall values derived from watershed-loss models, which are beyond the scope of this report, the nomograph represents a method for estimating peak and time of peak streamflow for applicable watersheds in the Houston metropolitan area. Lastly, analysis of the relative influence of BDF on peak streamflow is provided, and the results indicate a 0:04log10 cubic feet per second change of peak streamflow per positive unit of change in BDF. This relative change can be used to adjust peak streamflow from the method or other hydrologic methods for a given BDF to other BDF values; example computations are provided.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115104","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Harris County Flood Control District and the Texas Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Asquith, W.H., Cleveland, T., and Roussel, M.C., 2011, A method for estimating peak and time of peak streamflow from excess rainfall for 10- to 640-acre watersheds in the Houston, Texas, metropolitan area: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5104, vi, 31 p.; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115104.","productDescription":"vi, 31 p.; Appendices","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116586,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5104.gif"},{"id":24530,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5104/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"Houston","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -95.75,29.5 ], [ -95.75,30.25 ], [ -95,30.25 ], [ -95,29.5 ], [ -95.75,29.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae101","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Asquith, William H. 0000-0002-7400-1861 wasquith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7400-1861","contributorId":1007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asquith","given":"William","email":"wasquith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cleveland, Theodore G.","contributorId":88029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cleveland","given":"Theodore G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roussel, Meghan C. mroussel@usgs.gov","contributorId":1578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roussel","given":"Meghan","email":"mroussel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":351914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}