{"pageNumber":"1749","pageRowStart":"43700","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184657,"records":[{"id":70004981,"text":"sir20115078 - 2011 - A water-budget model and assessment of groundwater recharge for the Island of Hawai'i","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-07T19:04:02.580289","indexId":"sir20115078","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5078","title":"A water-budget model and assessment of groundwater recharge for the Island of Hawai'i","docAbstract":"Concern surrounding increasing demand for groundwater on the Island of Hawaiʻi, caused by a growing population and an increasing reliance on groundwater as a source for municipal and private water systems, has prompted a study of groundwater recharge on the island using the most current data and accepted methods. For this study, a daily water-budget model for the entire Island of Hawaiʻi was developed and used to estimate mean recharge for various land-cover and rainfall conditions, and a submodel for the Kona area was developed and used to estimate historical groundwater recharge in the Kona area during the period 1984–2008. Estimated mean annual recharge on the Island of Hawaiʻi is 6,594 million gallons per day, which is about 49 percent of mean annual rainfall. Recharge is highest on the windward slopes of Mauna Loa, below the tradewind inversion, and lowest on the leeward slopes of Kohala and Mauna Kea. Local recharge maxima also occur on (1) windward Kohala, with the exception of the northern tip, (2) windward Mauna Kea below the tradewind inversion, (3) windward Kīlauea, (4) the middle elevations of southeastern Mauna Loa, and (5) the lower-middle elevations of leeward Mauna Loa and southwestern Hualālai, in the Kona area. Local recharge minima also occur on (1) Mauna Kea and Mauna Loa, above the tradewind inversion, (2) the northern tip of Kohala, (3) leeward Kīlauea, (4) the southern tip of Mauna Loa, and (5) the northwestern slopes of Mauna Loa and Hualālai. In 18 of the 24 aquifer systems on the island, estimated mean annual recharge for baseline conditions was higher than the recharge estimates used in the 2008 State of Hawaiʻi Water Resource Protection Plan (2008 WRPP). Baseline conditions for this study were 2008 land cover and mean annual rainfall from the period 1916–1983. Estimates of recharge for the Māhukona, Waimea, and Hāwī aquifer systems, however, were between 29 and 38 percent lower than the 2008 WRPP estimates, mainly because of much higher evapotranspiration estimates in this study compared to the 2008 WRPP. For the drought simulation (1991–95 rainfall), the estimates of recharge for these three aquifer systems were only 15 to 33 percent of the sustainable yields (maximum allowable pumping rates) set by the 2008 WRPP. This may be cause for concern, as these areas are experiencing a rapid growth in development and a related growth in water demand. Recent projections of change in rainfall owing to effects of ongoing climate change generally indicate a slight increase in islandwide rainfall, and estimates of annual recharge in the late 21st century are higher than baseline estimates for every aquifer system, except ʻAnaehoʻomalu. On average, these aquifer-system recharge estimates are higher by about 8 percent compared to baseline estimates. In the Kona area, estimated groundwater recharge during the period 1984–2008 was highest during 2004–8 and lowest during 1999–2003, with the 1999–2003 recharge being about 50 percent of the 2004–8 recharge. These extremes in recharge coincided with the periods of lowest and highest mean rainfall, respectively. No seasonal pattern in recharge is discernible. Spatially, the highest recharge occurred in a belt about 4 miles wide running parallel to the coast about 2 miles inland. The sensitivity of recharge estimates to input parameters is related to the climate and land-cover conditions of the particular area of study. For the wet, forested areas characteristic of the windward side of the island, recharge was most sensitive to the ratio of runoff to rainfall. For the dry, grassland areas characteristic of the northwestern leeward side of the island, recharge was most sensitive to root depth. For the Kona area, characterized by moderate rainfall and a wide variety of land cover, recharge was most sensitive to the pan coefficient and canopy-evaporation rates in","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115078","usgsCitation":"Engott, J.A., 2011, A water-budget model and assessment of groundwater recharge for the Island of Hawai'i: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5078, xi, 53 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115078.","productDescription":"xi, 53 p.","numberOfPages":"64","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1983-10-01","temporalEnd":"2008-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116190,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5078.gif"},{"id":394041,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_95355.htm"},{"id":24462,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5078/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","datum":"NAD83","country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -156.27227783203125,\n 18.828316252698386\n ],\n [\n -154.742431640625,\n 18.828316252698386\n ],\n [\n -154.742431640625,\n 20.357502636858204\n ],\n [\n -156.27227783203125,\n 20.357502636858204\n ],\n [\n -156.27227783203125,\n 18.828316252698386\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4affe4b07f02db697a41","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Engott, John A. 0000-0003-1889-4519 jaengott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1889-4519","contributorId":1142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engott","given":"John","email":"jaengott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70004984,"text":"ofr20111121 - 2011 - Surficial geologic map of the Elizabethtown 30' x 60' quadrangle, North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-15T19:00:39.034778","indexId":"ofr20111121","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1121","title":"Surficial geologic map of the Elizabethtown 30' x 60' quadrangle, North Carolina","docAbstract":"The Elizabethtown 30' x 60' quadrangle is located in southeastern North Carolina between Fayetteville and Wilmington. Most of the area is flat to gently rolling, although steep slopes occur locally along some of the larger streams. Total relief in the area is slightly over 210 feet (ft), with elevations ranging from slightly less than 10 ft above sea level along the Black River (east of Rowan in the southeastern corner of the map) to slightly over 220 ft in the northwestern corner northeast of Hope Mills. The principal streams in the area are the Cape Fear, Black, South, and Lumber Rivers, which on average flow from northwest to southeast across the map area. The principal north-south roads are Interstate Route 95, Interstate Route 40, U.S. Route 117, U.S. Route 301, U.S. Route 421, and U.S. Route 701, and the principal east-west roads are N.C. State Route 241 and N.C. State Route 41. This part of North Carolina is primarily rural and agricultural. The largest communities in and adjacent to the area are Elizabethtown, Hope Mills, Clinton, Warsaw, and Lumberton. The map lies entirely within the Atlantic Coastal Plain physiographic province. Outstanding features of this area are the large number of sand-rimmed Carolina bays, five of which contain enough water to constitute natural lakes: Bay Tree Lake, Salter Lake, Little Singletary Lake, Singletary Lake, and White Lake. These are associated with widespread windblown sand deposits on which are grown abundant crops of blueberries. The extent and distribution of these deposits have been estimated based on a combination of augerhole, outcrop, and light-detection and ranging (LIDAR) data.\n\nThe geology of the Elizabethtown 30' x 60' quadrangle was originally mapped on 32 7.5-minute quadrangles at 1:24,000 scale and then compiled on this 1:100,000-scale base. The base-map topographic contours on this compilation are shown in meters; the cross sections, structure contours, and well and corehole basement elevations have been carried over unconverted from the 1:24,000-scale maps and are shown in feet.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111121","usgsCitation":"Weems, R.E., Lewis, W., and Crider, E.A., 2011, Surficial geologic map of the Elizabethtown 30' x 60' quadrangle, North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1121, 1 Sheet: 63.92 x 42.01 inches; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111121.","productDescription":"1 Sheet: 63.92 x 42.01 inches; Downloads Directory","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116187,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1121.gif"},{"id":398854,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_95361.htm"},{"id":24465,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1121/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"100000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","datum":"North American datum 1927","country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","city":"Elizabethtown","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -79,34.5 ], [ -79,35 ], [ -78,35 ], [ -78,34.5 ], [ -79,34.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4c10","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weems, Robert E. 0000-0002-1907-7804 rweems@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1907-7804","contributorId":2663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weems","given":"Robert","email":"rweems@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lewis, William C.","contributorId":50878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"William C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Crider, E. Allen","contributorId":93992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crider","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"Allen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70004982,"text":"ofr20111163 - 2011 - Near-field receiving water monitoring of trace metals and a benthic community near the Palo Alto Regional Water Quality Control Plant in South San Francisco Bay, California: 2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-20T21:45:03.511293","indexId":"ofr20111163","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1163","title":"Near-field receiving water monitoring of trace metals and a benthic community near the Palo Alto Regional Water Quality Control Plant in South San Francisco Bay, California: 2010","docAbstract":"

Trace-metal concentrations in sediment and in the clam Macoma petalum (formerly reported as Macoma balthica), clam reproductive activity, and benthic macroinvertebrate community structure were investigated in a mudflat 1 kilometer south of the discharge of the Palo Alto Regional Water Quality Control Plant (PARWQCP) in South San Francisco Bay, Calif. This report includes the data collected for the period January 2010 to December 2010 and extends a critical long-term biogeochemical record that dates back to 1974. These data serve as the basis for the City of Palo Alto’s Near-Field Receiving Water Monitoring Program initiated in 1994.

In 2010, metal concentrations in both sediments and clam tissue were among the lowest concentrations on record and consistent with results observed since 1991. Following significant reductions in the late 1980s, silver (Ag) and copper (Cu) concentrations appear to have stabilized. Annual mean concentrations have fluctuated modestly (2–4 fold) in a nondirectional manner. Data for other metals, including chromium, mercury, nickel, selenium, vanadium, and zinc, have been collected since 1994. Over this period, concentrations of these elements, which likely reflect regional inputs and systemwide processes, have remained relatively constant, aside from typical seasonal variation that is common to all elements. Within years, the winter months (January–March) generally exhibit maximum concentrations, with a decline to annual minima in spring through fall. Concentrations of chromium (Cr) and vanadium (V) in sediments have shown an upward trend since 2005. Chromium concentrations are approaching the record maximum levels observed in 2003, and concentrations of V in sediments in 2010 were the highest annual average concentrations on record. Mercury (Hg) concentrations in sediments and M. petalum in 2010 were comparable to concentrations observed in 2009 and were generally consistent with data from previous years. Selenium (Se) concentrations in sediment varied among years and showed no sustained temporal trend. During 2009–2010, sedimentary Se concentrations declined from the record high observed in 2008 to concentrations that were among the lowest on record. Selenium in M. petalum was slightly higher in 2010 than in 2009. Overall, Cu and Ag concentrations in sediments and soft tissues of the clam, M. petalum, remained representative of the concentrations observed since 1991 following significant reductions in the discharge of these elements from the PARWQCP. This indicates that, as with other elements of regulatory interest, regional-scale factors now largely affect sedimentary and bioavailable concentrations of Ag and Cu.

Analyses of the benthic community structure of a mudflat in South San Francisco Bay over a 37-year period show that changes in the community have occurred concurrent with reduced concentrations of metals in the sediment and in the tissues of the biosentinel clam, M. petalum, from the same area. Analysis of the M. petalum community shows increases in reproductive activity concurrent with the decline in metal concentrations in the tissues of this organism. Reproductive activity is presently stable (2010), with almost all animals initiating reproduction in the fall and spawning the following spring of most years. The community has shifted from being dominated by several opportunistic species to a community where the species are more similar in abundance, a pattern that indicates a more stable community that is subjected to fewer stressors. In addition, two of the opportunistic species (Ampelisca abdita and Streblospio benedicti) that brood their young and live on the surface of the sediment in tubes have shown a continual decline in dominance coincident with the decline in metals; both species had short-lived rebounds in abundance in 2008, 2009, and 2010. Heteromastus filiformis (a subsurface polychaete worm that lives in the sediment, consumes sediment and organic particles residing in the sediment, and reproduces by laying its eggs on or in the sediment) showed a concurrent increase in dominance and, in last several years prior to 2008, showed a stable population. An unidentified disturbance occurred on the mudflat in early 2008 that resulted in the loss of the benthic animals, except for those deep-dwelling animals like Macoma petalum. Animals immediately returned to the mudflat in 2008, which was the first indication that the disturbance was not due to a persistent toxin or to anoxia. The use of functional ecology was highlighted in the 2010 benthic community data, which show that the animals that have now returned to the mudflat are those that can respond successfully to a physical, nontoxic disturbance. Today, community data show a mix of animals that consume the sediment, filter feed, have pelagic larvae that must survive landing on the sediment, and brood their young. USGS scientists continue to observe the community’s response to the defaunation event because it allows them to examine the response of the community to a natural disturbance (possible causes include sediment accretion or freshwater inundation) and compare this recovery to the long-term recovery observed in the 1970s when the decline in sediment pollutants was the dominating factor.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111163","usgsCitation":"Dyke, J., Parcheso, F., Thompson, J.K., Cain, D.J., Luoma, S.N., and Hornberger, M.I., 2011, Near-field receiving water monitoring of trace metals and a benthic community near the Palo Alto Regional Water Quality Control Plant in South San Francisco Bay, California: 2010: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1163, vi, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111163.","productDescription":"vi, 24 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":434,"text":"National Research Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116167,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1163.gif"},{"id":24463,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1163/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":394625,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_95356.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Palo Alto Regional Water Quality Control Plant, South San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.11938858032227,\n 37.449854970912526\n ],\n [\n -122.09775924682616,\n 37.449854970912526\n ],\n [\n -122.09775924682616,\n 37.46641110157195\n ],\n [\n -122.11938858032227,\n 37.46641110157195\n ],\n [\n -122.11938858032227,\n 37.449854970912526\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db697f1f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dyke, Jessica jldyke@usgs.gov","contributorId":1035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dyke","given":"Jessica","email":"jldyke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":351758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Parcheso, Francis 0000-0002-9471-7787 parchaso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9471-7787","contributorId":2590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parcheso","given":"Francis","email":"parchaso@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":351762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thompson, Janet K. 0000-0002-1528-8452 jthompso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1528-8452","contributorId":1009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Janet","email":"jthompso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cain, Daniel J. 0000-0002-3443-0493 djcain@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3443-0493","contributorId":1784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cain","given":"Daniel","email":"djcain@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Luoma, Samuel N. 0000-0001-5443-5091 snluoma@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5443-5091","contributorId":2287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"Samuel","email":"snluoma@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hornberger, Michelle I. 0000-0002-7787-3446 mhornber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7787-3446","contributorId":1037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hornberger","given":"Michelle","email":"mhornber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70003991,"text":"70003991 - 2011 - Appropriate uses and considerations for online surveying in human dimensions research","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-12T14:58:37","indexId":"70003991","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1909,"text":"Human Dimensions of Wildlife","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Appropriate uses and considerations for online surveying in human dimensions research","docAbstract":"Online surveying has gained attention in recent years for its applicability to human dimensions research as an efficient and inexpensive data-collection method; however, online surveying is not a panacea. In this article, we provide some guidelines for alleviating or avoiding the criticisms and pitfalls suggested of online survey methods and explore two case studies demonstrating different approaches to online surveying. The first was a mixed-mode study of visitors to 52 participating National Wildlife Refuges. The response rate was 72%, with over half of respondents completing the survey online, resulting in cost-savings and efficiencies that would not have otherwise been realized. The second highlighted an online-only approach targeting specialized users of satellite imagery. Through branching and skipping, the online mode allowed flexibilities in administration impractical in a mail survey. The response rate of 53% was higher than typical for online surveys. Both case studies provide examples of appropriate uses of online surveying.","language":"English","publisher":"Routledge","publisherLocation":"Abingdon, UK","doi":"10.1080/10871209.2011.572142","usgsCitation":"Sexton, N.R., Miller, H.M., and Dietsch, A.M., 2011, Appropriate uses and considerations for online surveying in human dimensions research: Human Dimensions of Wildlife, v. 16, no. 3, p. 154-163, https://doi.org/10.1080/10871209.2011.572142.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"154","endPage":"163","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204149,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"16","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac6e4b07f02db67a250","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sexton, Natalie R.","contributorId":82750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sexton","given":"Natalie","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, Holly M. 0000-0003-0914-7570 millerh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0914-7570","contributorId":29544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Holly","email":"millerh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dietsch, Alia M.","contributorId":66399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dietsch","given":"Alia","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70004949,"text":"ofr20111115 - 2011 - Detailed sections from auger holes in the Elizabethtown 1:100,000-scale quadrangle, North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-04T18:34:24.99015","indexId":"ofr20111115","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1115","title":"Detailed sections from auger holes in the Elizabethtown 1:100,000-scale quadrangle, North Carolina","docAbstract":"The Elizabethtown 1:100,000 quadrangle is in the west-central part of the Coastal Plain of southeastern North Carolina. The Coastal Plain, in this region, consists mostly of unlithified sediments that range in age from Late Cretaceous to Holocene. These sediments lie with profound unconformity on complexly deformed metamorphic and igneous rocks similar to rocks found immediately to the west in the Piedmont province. Coastal Plain sediments generally dip gently to the southeast or south and reach a maximum thickness of about 850 feet (ft) in the extreme southeast part of the map area. The gentle southerly and southeasterly dip is disrupted in several areas by faulting. The U.S. Geological Survey recovered one core and augered 196 research test holes in the Elizabethtown 1:100,000 quadrangle to supplement sparse outcrop data in the map area. The recovered sediments were studied and data from these sediments recorded to determine the lithologic characteristics, spatial distribution, and temporal framework of the represented Coastal Plain stratigraphic units. These test holes were critical for accurately determining the distribution of major geologic units and the position of unit boundaries. The detailed descriptions of the subsurface data can be used by geologists, hydrologists, engineers, and community planners to provide a detailed shallow-subsurface stratigraphic framework for the Elizabethtown map region.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111115","usgsCitation":"Weems, R.E., Lewis, W., Murray, J.H., Queen, D., Grey, J.B., and DeJong, B.D., 2011, Detailed sections from auger holes in the Elizabethtown 1:100,000-scale quadrangle, North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1115, v, 286 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111115.","productDescription":"v, 286 p.","startPage":"i","endPage":"286","numberOfPages":"291","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116168,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1115.gif"},{"id":24464,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1115/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":391389,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_95360.htm"}],"scale":"100000","country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Elizabethtown quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -79,34.5 ], [ -79,35 ], [ -78,35 ], [ -78,34.5 ], [ -79,34.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667be6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weems, Robert E. 0000-0002-1907-7804 rweems@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1907-7804","contributorId":2663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weems","given":"Robert","email":"rweems@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lewis, William C.","contributorId":50878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"William C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Murray, Joseph H.","contributorId":42698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murray","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Queen, David B.","contributorId":73733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Queen","given":"David B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Grey, Jeffrey B. jbgrey@usgs.gov","contributorId":3195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grey","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jbgrey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":351716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"DeJong, Benjamin D. bdejong@usgs.gov","contributorId":2506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeJong","given":"Benjamin","email":"bdejong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":351714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70003690,"text":"70003690 - 2011 - Application of MODFLOW for oil reservoir simulation during the Deepwater Horizon Crisis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-21T16:33:47","indexId":"70003690","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Application of MODFLOW for oil reservoir simulation during the Deepwater Horizon Crisis","docAbstract":"When the Macondo well was shut in on July 15, 2010, the shut-in pressure recovered to a level that indicated the possibility of oil leakage out of the well casing into the surrounding formation. Such a leak could initiate a hydraulic fracture that might eventually breach the seafloor, resulting in renewed and uncontrolled oil flow into the Gulf of Mexico. To help evaluate whether or not to reopen the well, a MODFLOW model was constructed within 24 h after shut in to analyze the shut-in pressure. The model showed that the shut-in pressure can be explained by a reasonable scenario in which the well did not leak after shut in. The rapid response provided a scientific analysis for the decision to keep the well shut, thus ending the oil spill resulting from the Deepwater Horizon blow out.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2011.00813.x","usgsCitation":"Hsieh, P.A., 2011, Application of MODFLOW for oil reservoir simulation during the Deepwater Horizon Crisis: Ground Water, v. 49, no. 3, p. 319-323, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2011.00813.x.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"319","endPage":"323","costCenters":[{"id":148,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Western Region","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204148,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.1298828125,\n 26.194876675795218\n ],\n [\n -81.0791015625,\n 25.284437746983055\n ],\n [\n -80.947265625,\n 26.07652055985697\n ],\n [\n -83.3203125,\n 29.726222319395504\n ],\n [\n -86.396484375,\n 31.541089879585808\n ],\n [\n -91.97753906249999,\n 31.015278981711266\n ],\n [\n -96.85546875,\n 29.878755346037977\n ],\n [\n -98.1298828125,\n 26.194876675795218\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"49","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac6e4b07f02db67ab98","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hsieh, Paul A. 0000-0003-4873-4874 pahsieh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4873-4874","contributorId":1634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hsieh","given":"Paul","email":"pahsieh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":39113,"text":"WMA - Office of Quality Assurance","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":348352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70208569,"text":"70208569 - 2011 - Detection, emission estimation and risk prediction of forest fires in China using satellite sensors and simulation models in the past three decades-An overview","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-20T10:00:08","indexId":"70208569","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-28T10:44:14","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2041,"text":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Detection, emission estimation and risk prediction of forest fires in China using satellite sensors and simulation models in the past three decades-An overview","docAbstract":"

Forest fires have major impact on ecosystems and greatly impact the amount of greenhouse gases and aerosols in the atmosphere. This paper presents an overview in the forest fire detection, emission estimation, and fire risk prediction in China using satellite imagery, climate data, and various simulation models over the past three decades. Since the 1980s, remotely-sensed data acquired by many satellites, such as NOAA/AVHRR, FY-series, MODIS, CBERS, and ENVISAT, have been widely utilized for detecting forest fire hot spots and burned areas in China. Some developed algorithms have been utilized for detecting the forest fire hot spots at a sub-pixel level. With respect to modeling the forest burning emission, a remote sensing data-driven Net Primary productivity (NPP) estimation model was developed for estimating forest biomass and fuel. In order to improve the forest fire risk modeling in China, real-time meteorological data, such as surface temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and direction，have been used as the model input for improving prediction of forest fire occurrence and its behavior. Shortwave infrared (SWIR) and near infrared (NIR) channels of satellite sensors have been employed for detecting live fuel moisture content (FMC), and the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) was used for evaluating the forest vegetation condition and its moisture status. 

","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/ijerph8083156","usgsCitation":"Zhang, J., Yao, F., Liu, C., Yang, L., and Boken, V.K., 2011, Detection, emission estimation and risk prediction of forest fires in China using satellite sensors and simulation models in the past three decades-An overview: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, v. 8, no. 8, p. 3156-3178, https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph8083156.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"3156","endPage":"3178","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474955,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph8083156","text":"Publisher Index 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Jiahua","contributorId":35479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"Jiahua","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":782551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yao, Fengmei","contributorId":107927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yao","given":"Fengmei","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":782552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Liu, Cheng","contributorId":222561,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"Cheng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":782553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yang, Limin 0000-0002-2843-6944 lyang@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2843-6944","contributorId":4305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yang","given":"Limin","email":"lyang@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":782554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Boken, Vijendra K.","contributorId":27331,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boken","given":"Vijendra","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":782555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70003675,"text":"70003675 - 2011 - Distribution and habitat utilization of the gopher tortoise tick (Amblyomma tuberculatum) in southern Mississippi","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-03T16:27:39.362247","indexId":"70003675","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2414,"text":"Journal of Parasitology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Distribution and habitat utilization of the gopher tortoise tick (Amblyomma tuberculatum) in southern Mississippi","title":"Distribution and habitat utilization of the gopher tortoise tick (Amblyomma tuberculatum) in southern Mississippi","docAbstract":"

The distribution of the gopher tortoise tick (Amblyomma tuberculatum) has been considered intrinsically linked to the distribution of its primary host, gopher tortoises (Gopherus polyphemus). However, the presence of G. polyphemus does not always equate to the presence of A. tuberculatum. There is a paucity of data on the ecology, habitat preferences, and distribution of A. tuberculatum. The goals of this study were to assess the distribution of A. tuberculatum in southern Mississippi and to determine which, if any, habitat parameters explain the distribution pattern of A. tuberculatum. During 2006–2007, we examined 13 G. polyphemus populations in southern Mississippi for the presence of A. tuberculatum, and we measured a suite of habitat parameters at each site. Only 23% of the G. polyphemus populations supported A. tuberculatum, suggesting a more restricted distribution than its host. The results of our multivariate analyses identified several habitat variables, e.g., depth of sand and percentage of sand in the topsoil and burrow apron, as being important in discriminating between sites with, and without, A. tuberculatum. Amblyomma tuberculatum was only found at sites with a mean sand depth of >100 cm and a mean percentage of topsoil and burrow apron sand composition >94.0 and 92.4, respectively. Thus, environmental factors, and not just its host's range, seem to influence the distribution of A. tuberculatum.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Parasitologists","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, KS","doi":"10.1645/GE-2599.1","usgsCitation":"Ennen, J., and Qualls, C.P., 2011, Distribution and habitat utilization of the gopher tortoise tick (Amblyomma tuberculatum) in southern Mississippi: Journal of Parasitology, v. 97, no. 2, p. 202-206, https://doi.org/10.1645/GE-2599.1.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"202","endPage":"206","temporalStart":"2006-01-01","temporalEnd":"2007-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203990,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Mississippi","otherGeospatial":"Southern Mississippi","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -88,30 ], [ -88,32 ], [ -90.5,32 ], [ -90.5,30 ], [ -88,30 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"97","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db635e83","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ennen, Joshua R.","contributorId":60368,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ennen","given":"Joshua R.","affiliations":[{"id":13216,"text":"Tennessee Aquarium Conservation Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":348288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Qualls, Carl P.","contributorId":19688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Qualls","given":"Carl","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70003985,"text":"70003985 - 2011 - Antigenic profiling of Yersinia pestis infection in the Wyoming coyote (Canis latrans)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-07T16:13:57.909233","indexId":"70003985","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Antigenic profiling of Yersinia pestis infection in the Wyoming coyote (Canis latrans)","docAbstract":"

Although Yersinia pestis is classified as a \"high-virulence\" pathogen, some host species are variably susceptible to disease. Coyotes (Canis latrans) exhibit mild, if any, symptoms during infection, but antibody production occurs postinfection. This immune response has been reported to be against the F1 capsule, although little subsequent characterization has been conducted. To further define the nature of coyote humoral immunity to plague, qualitative serology was conducted to assess the antiplague antibody repertoire. Humoral responses to six plasmid-encoded Y. pestis virulence factors were first examined. Of 20 individual immune coyotes, 90% were reactive to at least one other antigen in the panel other than F1. The frequency of reactivity to low calcium response plasmid (pLcr)-encoded Yersinia protein kinase A (YpkA) and Yersinia outer protein D (YopD) was significantly greater than that previously observed in a murine model for plague. Additionally, both V antigen and plasminogen activator were reactive with over half of the serum samples tested. Reactivity to F1 was markedly less frequent in coyotes (35%). Twenty previously tested antibody-negative samples were also examined. While the majority were negative across the panel, 15% were positive for 1-3 non-F1 antigens. In vivo-induced antigen technology employed to identify novel chromosomal genes of Y. pestis that are up-regulated during infection resulted in the identification of five proteins, including a flagellar component (FliP) that was uniquely reactive with the coyote serum compared with immune serum from two other host species. Collectively, these data suggest that humoral immunity to pLcr-encoded antigens and the pesticin plasmid (pPst)-encoded Pla antigen may be relevant to plague resistance in coyotes. The serologic profile of Y. pestis chromosomal antigens up-regulated in vivo specific to C. latrans may provide insight into the differences in the pathogen-host responses during Y. pestis infection.

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base-level controls from historic dams in the unglaciated mid-Atlantic region, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-19T15:35:08.277773","indexId":"70004045","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3047,"text":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Anthropocene streams and base-level controls from historic dams in the unglaciated mid-Atlantic region, USA","docAbstract":"

Recently, widespread valley-bottom damming for water power was identified as a primary control on valley sedimentation in the mid-Atlantic US during the late seventeenth to early twentieth century. The timing of damming coincided with that of accelerated upland erosion during post-European settlement land-use change. In this paper, we examine the impact of local drops in base level on incision into historic reservoir sediment as thousands of ageing dams breach. Analysis of lidar and field data indicates that historic milldam building led to local base-level rises of 2–5 m (typical milldam height) and reduced valley slopes by half. Subsequent base-level fall with dam breaching led to an approximate doubling in slope, a significant base-level forcing. Case studies in forested, rural as well as agricultural and urban areas demonstrate that a breached dam can lead to stream incision, bank erosion and increased loads of suspended sediment, even with no change in land use. After dam breaching, key predictors of stream bank erosion include number of years since dam breach, proximity to a dam and dam height. One implication of this work is that conceptual models linking channel condition and sediment yield exclusively with modern upland land use are incomplete for valleys impacted by milldams. With no equivalent in the Holocene or late Pleistocene sedimentary record, modern incised stream-channel forms in the mid-Atlantic region represent a transient response to both base-level forcing and major changes in land use beginning centuries ago. Similar channel forms might also exist in other locales where historic milling was prevalent.

","language":"English","publisher":"Royal Society Publishing","publisherLocation":"London, UK","doi":"10.1098/rsta.2010.0335","usgsCitation":"Merritts, D., Walter, R., Rahnis, M., Hartranft, J., Cox, S., Gellis, A., Potter, N., Hilgartner, W., Langland, M.J., Manion, L., Lippincott, C., Siddiqui, S., Rehman, Z., Scheid, C., Kratz, L., Shilling, A., Jenschke, M., Datin, K., Cranmer, E., Reed, A., Matuszewski, D., Voli, M., Ohlson, E., Neugebauer, A., Ahamed, A., Neal, C., Winter, A., and Becker, S., 2011, Anthropocene streams and base-level controls from historic dams in the unglaciated mid-Atlantic region, USA: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, v. 369, no. 1938, p. 976-1009, https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2010.0335.","productDescription":"34 p.","startPage":"976","endPage":"1009","costCenters":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science 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Empirical models derived from statistical evaluation of data collected from recently burned drainage basins throughout the intermountain Western United States were used to estimate the probability of debris-flow occurrence and volumes of debris flows for selected drainage basins. Input for the models include measures of burn severity, topographic characteristics, soil properties, and rainfall total and intensity for a (1) 2-year-recurrence, 30-minute-duration rainfall, (2) 5-year-recurrence, 30-minute-duration rainfall, and (3) 10-year-recurrence, 30-minute-duration rainfall. Estimated debris-flow probabilities in the drainage basins of interest ranged from a low of 26 percent in response to the 2-year-recurrence, 30-minute-duration rainfall to 100 percent in response to the 10-year-recurrence, 30-minute-duration rainfall. The high probabilities in all modeled drainage basins are likely due to the abundance of steep hillslopes and the extensive areas burned at moderately to high severities. The estimated volumes ranged from a low of about 2,000 cubic meters to a high of greater than 200,000 cubic meters.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111181","usgsCitation":"Ruddy, B.C., and Verdin, K.L., 2011, Probability and volume of potential postwildfire debris flows in the 2011 Monument burn area, southeastern Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1181, iv, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111181.","productDescription":"iv, 9 p.","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116179,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1181.gif"},{"id":24460,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1181/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Monument Burn Area;Southeastern Arizona","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -110.31666666666666,31.35 ], [ -110.31666666666666,31.45 ], [ -110.21666666666667,31.45 ], [ -110.21666666666667,31.35 ], [ -110.31666666666666,31.35 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ee4b07f02db660c01","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruddy, Barbara C. bcruddy@usgs.gov","contributorId":4163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruddy","given":"Barbara","email":"bcruddy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":351755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Verdin, Kristine L. 0000-0002-6114-4660 kverdin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6114-4660","contributorId":3070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verdin","given":"Kristine","email":"kverdin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70003316,"text":"70003316 - 2011 - Anatomy of a metabentonite: Nucleation and growth of illite crystals and their coalescence into mixed-layer illite/smectite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-24T20:10:31.624078","indexId":"70003316","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":738,"text":"American Mineralogist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Anatomy of a metabentonite: Nucleation and growth of illite crystals and their coalescence into mixed-layer illite/smectite","docAbstract":"The illite layer content of mixed-layer illite/smectite (I/S) in a 2.5 m thick, zoned, metabentonite bed from Montana decreases regularly from the edges to the center of the bed. Traditional X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern modeling using Markovian statistics indicated that this zonation results from a mixing in different proportions of smectite-rich R0 I/S and illite-rich R1 I/S, with each phase having a relatively constant illite layer content. However, a new method for modeling XRD patterns of I/S indicates that R0 and R1 I/S in these samples are not separate phases (in the mineralogical sense of the word), but that the samples are composed of illite crystals that have continuous distributions of crystal thicknesses, and of 1 nm thick smectite crystals. The shapes of these distributions indicate that the crystals were formed by simultaneous nucleation and growth. XRD patterns for R0 and R1 I/S arise by interparticle diffraction from a random stacking of the crystals, with swelling interlayers formed at interfaces between crystals from water or glycol that is sorbed on crystal surfaces. It is the thickness distributions of smectite and illite crystals (also termed fundamental particles, or Nadeau particles), rather than XRD patterns for mixed-layer I/S, that are the more reliable indicators of geologic history, because such distributions are composed of well-defined crystals that are not affected by differences in surface sorption and particle arrangements, and because their thickness distribution shapes conform to the predictions of crystal growth theory, which describes their genesis.","language":"English","publisher":"The Mineralogical Society of America","publisherLocation":"Chantilly, VA","doi":"10.2138/am.2011.3682","usgsCitation":"Eberl, D.D., Blum, A., and Serravezza, M., 2011, Anatomy of a metabentonite: Nucleation and growth of illite crystals and their coalescence into mixed-layer illite/smectite: American Mineralogist, v. 96, no. 4, p. 586-593, https://doi.org/10.2138/am.2011.3682.","productDescription":"8 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\"}}]}","volume":"96","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c2f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eberl, D. D.","contributorId":66282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eberl","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blum, A.E.","contributorId":100514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blum","given":"A.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Serravezza, M.","contributorId":83653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Serravezza","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70004967,"text":"sir20115097 - 2011 - Assessment of selected contaminants in streambed- and suspended-sediment samples collected in Bexar County, Texas, 2007-09","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-11T15:29:08","indexId":"sir20115097","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5097","title":"Assessment of selected contaminants in streambed- and suspended-sediment samples collected in Bexar County, Texas, 2007-09","docAbstract":"

Elevated concentrations of sediment-associated contaminants are typically associated with urban areas such as San Antonio, Texas, in Bexar County, the seventh most populous city in the United States. This report describes an assessment of selected sediment-associated contaminants in samples collected in Bexar County from sites on the following streams: Medio Creek, Medina River, Elm Creek, Martinez Creek, Chupaderas Creek, Leon Creek, Salado Creek, and San Antonio River. During 2007-09, the U.S. Geological Survey periodically collected surficial streambed-sediment samples during base flow and suspended-sediment (large-volume suspended-sediment) samples from selected streams during stormwater runoff. All sediment samples were analyzed for major and trace elements and for organic compounds including halogenated organic compounds and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Selected contaminants in streambed and suspended sediments in watersheds of the eight major streams in Bexar County were assessed by using a variety of methods—observations of occurrence and distribution, comparison to sediment-quality guidelines and data from previous studies, statistical analyses, and source indicators. Trace elements concentrations were low compared to the consensus-based sediment-quality guidelines threshold effect concentration (TEC) and probable effect concentration (PEC). Trace element concentrations were greater than the TEC in 28 percent of the samples and greater than the PEC in 1.5 percent of the samples. Chromium concentrations exceeded sediment-quality guidelines more frequently than concentrations of any other constituents analyzed in this study (greater than the TEC in 69 percent of samples and greater than the PEC in 8 percent of samples). Mean trace element concentrations generally are lower in Bexar County samples compared to concentrations in samples collected during previous studies in the Austin and Fort Worth, Texas, areas, but considering the relatively large ranges and standard deviations associated with the concentrations measured in all three areas, the trace element concentrations are similar. On the basis of Mann-Whitney U test results, the presence of a military installation in a watershed was associated with statistically significant higher chromium, mercury, and zinc concentrations in streambed sediments compared to concentrations of the same elements in a watershed without a military installation. Halogenated organic compounds analyzed in sediment samples included pesticides (chlordane, dieldrin, DDT, DDD, and DDE), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and brominated flame retardants. Three or more halogenated organic compounds were detected in each sediment sample, and 66 percent of all concentrations were less than the respective interim reporting levels. Halogenated organic compound concentrations were mostly low compared to consensus-based sediment quality guidelines-;TECs were exceeded in 11 percent of the analyses and PECs were exceeded in 1 percent of the analyses. Chlordane compounds were the most frequently detected halogenated organic compounds with one or more detections of chlordane compounds in every watershed; concentrations were greater than the TEC in 6 percent of the samples. Dieldrin was detected in 50 percent of all samples, however all concentrations were much less than the TEC. The DDT compounds (p,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDD, and p,p'-DDE) were detected less frequently than some other halogenated organic compounds, however most detections exceeded the TECs. p,p'-DDT was detected in 13 percent of the samples (TEC exceeded in 67 percent); p,p'-DDD was detected in 19 percent of the samples (TEC exceeded in 78 percent); and p,p'-DDE was detected in 35 percent of the samples (TEC exceeded in 53 percent). p,p'-DDE concentrations in streambed-sediment samples correlate positively with population density and residential, commercial, and transportation land use. One or more PCB congeners were detected in

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115097","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the San Antonio River Authority and the San Antonio Metropolitan Health District Public Center for Environmental Health","usgsCitation":"Wilson, J.T., 2011, Assessment of selected contaminants in streambed- and suspended-sediment samples collected in Bexar County, Texas, 2007-09: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5097, ix, 57 p.; Appendices: 1-2, 3, 4, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115097.","productDescription":"ix, 57 p.; Appendices: 1-2, 3, 4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116173,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5097.gif"},{"id":24453,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5097/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Bexar","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -99.75,29 ], [ -99.75,30 ], [ -98,30 ], [ -98,29 ], [ -99.75,29 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aade4b07f02db66b311","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Jennifer T. 0000-0003-4481-6354 jenwilso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-6354","contributorId":1782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Jennifer","email":"jenwilso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70004968,"text":"ofr20111179 - 2011 - Summary of juvenile salmonid passage and survival at McNary Dam-Acoustic survival studies, 2006-09","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:12:00","indexId":"ofr20111179","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1179","title":"Summary of juvenile salmonid passage and survival at McNary Dam-Acoustic survival studies, 2006-09","docAbstract":"Passage and survival data were collected at McNary Dam between 2006 and 2009. These data have provided critical information for resource managers to implement structural and operational changes designed to improve the survival of juvenile salmonids as they migrate past the dam. Given the importance of these annual studies, the primary objectives of this report were to summarize the findings of these annual studies to ensure that passage and survival metrics are consistently calculated and reported across all years and to consolidate this information in a single document, thereby making it easier to reference. It is worth noting that this report does not contain all the information from all the annual reports. The intent of this report was to summarize the key findings from multiple years of research. The reader is encouraged to reference the annual reports if more detailed information is needed. Chapter 1 summarizes existing behavior, passage, and survival results for fish released 10 rkm upstream of McNary Dam and from the McNary Dam tailrace during 2006-09. Chapter 2 summarizes existing behavior, passage, and survival results for fish released in the mid-Columbia River and detected at McNary Dam during 2006-09.\n\nResults from 2006 indicated that higher spill discharge generally resulted in higher fish passage through spill, and in turn, higher fish survival through the entire dam. Within the spillway, passage effectiveness was highest for the south spill bays, adjacent to the powerhouse. Increased passage in this area, combined with detailed 3-dimensional approach paths, aided in the design and location of the temporary spillway weirs (TSWs) at McNary Dam prior to the 2007 migration of juvenile salmonids.\n\nDuring the 2007 study, the TSWs were tested under two spill treatments during the spring and summer: a \"2006 Modified spill,\" and a \"2007 test spill.\" In the spring, slightly higher discharge through spill bays 14-17 was the primary difference between the spill treatments tested. During the summer, spill treatments were characterized by a high (60 percent) and low (40 percent) percent flow of the total discharge going through the spillway. Flow through the TSWs represented about 7-8 percent of total project discharge in spring and about 10-11 percent of total project discharge in summer. Overall, the TSWs passed 24 percent of yearling Chinook salmon and 27 percent of subyearling Chinook salmon, but passed about 65 percent of juvenile steelhead. In spring, there was little evidence for an effect of spill treatment on either fish passage or survival, however, this was not surprising given there was a relatively small difference between spill treatments. For subyearling Chinook salmon during the summer study, high spill discharge resulted in higher fish passage through the spillway and lower fish passage through the powerhouse. Season wide survival (paired-release) for yearling and subyearling Chinook salmon was 0.98 and 0.92 (SE<0.04) through TSW 20, and 0.96 and 0.97 (SE<0.04) through TSW 22, respectively. Season-wide survival (single-release) for juvenile steelhead was 0.98 (SE=0.024) through TSW 20, and 0.90 (SE=0.02) through TSW 22. The extent to which location and structural design contributed to the differences observed between the two TSWs was uncertain. Nonetheless, the TSWs performed similarly to surface-oriented fish passage structures at other locations and appear to be a useful fish passage alternative at McNary Dam. The 2008 and 2009 studies confirmed previous results showing high survival for fish passing through the TSWs, especially juvenile steelhead. Although the number of all fish species passing through the TSWs was lower in 2008 and 2009 compared to 2007, fish passage efficiency for juvenile steelhead and subyearling Chinook salmon was higher in years with the TSWs, compared to 2006, before the TSWs were in place.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111179","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Adams, N.S., and Evans, S.D., 2011, Summary of juvenile salmonid passage and survival at McNary Dam-Acoustic survival studies, 2006-09: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1179, iv, 114 p.; Appendices: A, B, C, D, E, F, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111179.","productDescription":"iv, 114 p.; Appendices: A, B, C, D, E, F","numberOfPages":"144","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116166,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1179.jpg"},{"id":24454,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1179/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington;Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Columbia River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120,45 ], [ -120,46.5 ], [ -119,46.5 ], [ -119,45 ], [ -120,45 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b02e4b07f02db698c23","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Adams, Noah S. 0000-0002-8354-0293 nadams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8354-0293","contributorId":3521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Noah","email":"nadams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Evans, Scott D. 0000-0003-0452-7726 sdevans@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0452-7726","contributorId":4408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"Scott","email":"sdevans@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70004965,"text":"ofr20111171 - 2011 - Whole-rock and sulfide-mineral geochemical data for samples from volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits of the Bonnifield district, east-central Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-22T09:46:26","indexId":"ofr20111171","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1171","title":"Whole-rock and sulfide-mineral geochemical data for samples from volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits of the Bonnifield district, east-central Alaska","docAbstract":"This Open-File Report presents geochemical data for outcrop and drill-core samples from volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits and associated metaigneous and metasedimentary rocks in the Wood River area of the Bonnifield mining district, northern Alaska Range, east-central Alaska. The data consist of major- and trace-element whole-rock geochemical analyses, and major- and trace-element analyses of sulfide minerals determined by electron microprobe and laser ablation—inductively coupled plasma—mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) techniques. The PDF consists of text, appendix explaining the analytical methods used for the analyses presented in the data tables, a sample location map, and seven data tables. The seven tables are also available as spreadsheets in several file formats. Descriptions and discussions of the Bonnifield deposits are given in Dusel-Bacon and others (2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2010).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111171","usgsCitation":"Dusel-Bacon, C., Slack, J.F., Koenig, A.E., Foley, N.K., Oscarson, R.L., and Gans, K.D., 2011, Whole-rock and sulfide-mineral geochemical data for samples from volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits of the Bonnifield district, east-central Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1171, iv, 2 p.; Appendix; Figure; Tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111171.","productDescription":"iv, 2 p.; Appendix; Figure; Tables","startPage":"1","endPage":"43","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":663,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center-Menlo Park Office","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116161,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1171.gif"},{"id":24445,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1171/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Wood River Area Of The Bonnifield Mining District","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -147.5,63.5 ], [ -147.5,64 ], [ -147,64 ], [ -147,63.5 ], [ -147.5,63.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dbe4b07f02db5e0ba2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dusel-Bacon, Cynthia 0000-0001-8481-739X cdusel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8481-739X","contributorId":2797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dusel-Bacon","given":"Cynthia","email":"cdusel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Slack, John F. 0000-0001-6600-3130 jfslack@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6600-3130","contributorId":1032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slack","given":"John","email":"jfslack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Koenig, Alan E. 0000-0002-5230-0924 akoenig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5230-0924","contributorId":1564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koenig","given":"Alan","email":"akoenig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Foley, Nora K. 0000-0003-0124-3509 nfoley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0124-3509","contributorId":4010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foley","given":"Nora","email":"nfoley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Oscarson, Robert L. roscarson@usgs.gov","contributorId":3390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oscarson","given":"Robert","email":"roscarson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":351738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gans, Kathleen D. 0000-0002-7545-9655 kgans@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7545-9655","contributorId":5403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gans","given":"Kathleen","email":"kgans@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":351740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70004966,"text":"sir20115083 - 2011 - Carbon dioxide fluid-flow modeling and injectivity calculations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:56","indexId":"sir20115083","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5083","title":"Carbon dioxide fluid-flow modeling and injectivity calculations","docAbstract":"At present, the literature lacks a geologic-based assessment methodology for numerically estimating injectivity, lateral migration, and subsequent long-term containment of supercritical carbon dioxide that has undergone geologic sequestration into subsurface formations. This study provides a method for and quantification of first-order approximations for the time scale of supercritical carbon dioxide lateral migration over a one-kilometer distance through a representative volume of rock. These calculations provide a quantified foundation for estimating injectivity and geologic storage of carbon dioxide.\nA geologic-based approach was developed in which subsurface pressure and temperature conditions were held constant while the petrophysical properties of fractional porosity and matrix permeability were varied simultaneously. The Span and Wagner equations of state were used to determine thermophysical properties of carbon dioxide at appropriate reservoir conditions. The fluid-flow calculations assume mass transport through a laterally continuous, homogeneous isotropic formation and were based on two constitutive equations from fluid dynamics: hydraulic diffusivity for near-surface applications, and a modified version of Darcy's Law for deeper formations exhibiting higher pressure gradients.\nThe first-order approximations of the lateral migration time scales, for both hydraulic diffusivity and Darcy flow, can be expressed as a quasi-linear function over a range of porosity and permeability values. This method is applicable to a substantial range of sedimentary formations exhibiting porosities up to 95 percent and permeabilities from 10.0 darcy to 1.0 picodarcy.\nThese results were used to classify subsurface formations into three permeability classifications for the probabilistic calculations of storage efficiency and containment risk of the U.S. Geological Survey geologic carbon sequestration assessment methodology. This methodology is currently in use to determine the total carbon dioxide containment capacity of the onshore and State waters areas of the United States.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115083","usgsCitation":"Burke, L., 2011, Carbon dioxide fluid-flow modeling and injectivity calculations: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5083, v, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115083.","productDescription":"v, 16 p.","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116165,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5083.gif"},{"id":24452,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5083/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e6a2d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burke, Lauri 0000-0002-2035-8048","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2035-8048","contributorId":44891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burke","given":"Lauri","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70003568,"text":"70003568 - 2011 - Grazing impact of the invasive clam Corbula amurensis on the microplankton assemblage of the northern San Francisco Estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-28T15:28:50","indexId":"70003568","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2663,"text":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Grazing impact of the invasive clam Corbula amurensis on the microplankton assemblage of the northern San Francisco Estuary","docAbstract":"Grazing by the overbite clam Corbula amurensis (formerly known as Potamocorbula) may be the cause of substantial declines in phytoplankton biomass and zooplankton in the San Francisco Estuary (SFE) following its introduction in 1986. While grazing rates have been examined on bacteria, phytoplankton, and copepod nauplii, the consumption of protistan microzooplankton by C. amurensis has not previously been measured. In this study, laboratory feeding experiments revealed that C. amurensis cleared 0.5 l ind-1 h-1 of microzooplankton (ciliates) and 0.2 l ind-1 h-1 of chlorophyll (chl) a. Despite the higher clearance rate on microzooplankton, clams obtained more of their carbon from phytoplankton, which dominated the prey assemblage on most dates. When the measured clearance rates are extrapolated to field populations of clams, fractional loss rates (50 to 90% d-1) exceed the population growth capacity of microzooplankton. Although microzooplankton may not be a major component of the diet of these clams, C. amurensis may further alter food web dynamics through consumption of this important trophic intermediary, thus disrupting this link from bacteria and phytoplankton to higher trophic levels.","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","doi":"10.3354/meps09099","usgsCitation":"Greene, V.E., Sullivan, L.J., Thompson, J.K., and Kimmerer, W.J., 2011, Grazing impact of the invasive clam Corbula amurensis on the microplankton assemblage of the northern San Francisco Estuary: Marine Ecology Progress Series, v. 431, p. 183-193, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps09099.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"183","endPage":"193","costCenters":[{"id":148,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Western Region","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204129,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Estuary","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -123,37 ], [ -123,39 ], [ -121,39 ], [ -121,37 ], [ -123,37 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"431","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db671ed0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Greene, Valerie E.","contributorId":104600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greene","given":"Valerie","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sullivan, Lindsay J.","contributorId":91227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"Lindsay","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thompson, Janet K. 0000-0002-1528-8452 jthompso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1528-8452","contributorId":1009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Janet","email":"jthompso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":347775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kimmerer, Wim J.","contributorId":59169,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kimmerer","given":"Wim","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6690,"text":"San Francisco State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":347776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70003806,"text":"70003806 - 2011 - Gross and microscopic morphology of lesions in Cnidaria from Palmyra Atoll, Central Pacific","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-20T15:08:23","indexId":"70003806","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2361,"text":"Journal of Invertebrate Pathology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gross and microscopic morphology of lesions in Cnidaria from Palmyra Atoll, Central Pacific","docAbstract":"

We conducted gross and microscopic characterizations of lesions in Cnidaria from Palmyra Atoll, Central Pacific. We found growth anomalies (GA) to be the most commonly encountered lesion. Cases of discoloration and tissue loss were rare. GAs had a focal or multi-focal distribution and were predominantly nodular, exophytic, and umbonate. In scleractinians, the majority of GAs manifested as hyperplasia of the basal body wall (52% of cases), with an associated absence or reduction of polyp structure (mesenteries and filaments, actinopharynx and tentacles), and depletion of zooxanthellae in the gastrodermis of the upper body wall. In the soft corals Sinularia sp. and Lobophytum sp., GAs exclusively manifested as prominent hyperplasia of the coenenchyme with an increased density of solenia. In contrast to scleractinians, soft coral GAs displayed an inflammatory and necrotizing component with marked edema of the mesoglea, accompanied by infiltrates of variably-sized granular amoebocytes. Fungi, algae, sponges, and Crustacea were present in some scleractinian GAs, but absent in soft coral GAs. Fragmentation of tissues was a common finding in Acropora acuminata and Montipora cf. dilatata colonies with tissue loss, although no obvious causative agents were seen. Discoloration in the zoanthid, Palythoa tuberculosa, was found to be the result of necrosis, while in Lobophytum sp. discoloration was the result of zooxanthellar depletion (bleaching). Soft corals with discoloration or tissue loss showed a marked inflammatory response, however no obvious causative organisms were seen. Lesions that appeared similar at the gross level were revealed to be distinct by microscopy, emphasizing the importance of histopathology.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jip.2010.08.002","usgsCitation":"Williams, G.J., Work, T.M., Aeby, G.S., Knapp, I.S., and Davy, S.K., 2011, Gross and microscopic morphology of lesions in Cnidaria from Palmyra Atoll, Central Pacific: Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, v. 106, no. 2, p. 165-173, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jip.2010.08.002.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"165","endPage":"173","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203944,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Palmyra Atoll","volume":"106","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab1e4b07f02db66de9a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, Gareth J.","contributorId":47898,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Gareth","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Work, Thierry M. 0000-0002-4426-9090 thierry_work@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4426-9090","contributorId":1187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Work","given":"Thierry","email":"thierry_work@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":348955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Aeby, Greta S.","contributorId":64783,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aeby","given":"Greta","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":13394,"text":"Hawai‘i Institute of Marine Biology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":348959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Knapp, Ingrid S.","contributorId":57198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knapp","given":"Ingrid","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Davy, Simon K.","contributorId":53511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davy","given":"Simon","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70003836,"text":"70003836 - 2011 - Growth anomalies on the coral genera Acropora and Porites are strongly associated with host density and human population size across the Indo-Pacific","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-23T14:54:10","indexId":"70003836","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Growth anomalies on the coral genera Acropora and Porites are strongly associated with host density and human population size across the Indo-Pacific","docAbstract":"

Growth anomalies (GAs) are common, tumor-like diseases that can cause significant morbidity and decreased fecundity in the major Indo-Pacific reef-building coral genera, Acropora and Porites. GAs are unusually tractable for testing hypotheses about drivers of coral disease because of their pan-Pacific distributions, relatively high occurrence, and unambiguous ease of identification. We modeled multiple disease-environment associations that may underlie the prevalence of Acropora growth anomalies (AGA) (n = 304 surveys) and Porites growth anomalies (PGA) (n = 602 surveys) from across the Indo-Pacific. Nine predictor variables were modeled, including coral host abundance, human population size, and sea surface temperature and ultra-violet radiation anomalies. Prevalence of both AGAs and PGAs were strongly host density-dependent. PGAs additionally showed strong positive associations with human population size. Although this association has been widely posited, this is one of the first broad-scale studies unambiguously linking a coral disease with human population size. These results emphasize that individual coral diseases can show relatively distinct patterns of association with environmental predictors, even in similar diseases (growth anomalies) found on different host genera (Acropora vs. Porites). As human densities and environmental degradation increase globally, the prevalence of coral diseases like PGAs could increase accordingly, halted only perhaps by declines in host density below thresholds required for disease establishment.

","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0016887","usgsCitation":"Aeby, G.S., Williams, G.J., Franklin, E.C., Haapkyla, J., Harvell, C.D., Neale, S., Page, C.A., Raymundo, L., Vargas-Angel, B., Willis, B.L., Work, T.M., and Davy, S.K., 2011, Growth anomalies on the coral genera Acropora and Porites are strongly associated with host density and human population size across the Indo-Pacific: PLoS ONE, v. 6, no. 2, e16887; 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0016887.","productDescription":"e16887; 9 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474956,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0016887","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":203945,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-02-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a91e4b07f02db65697f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aeby, Greta S.","contributorId":64783,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aeby","given":"Greta","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":13394,"text":"Hawai‘i Institute of Marine Biology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":349107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, Gareth J.","contributorId":47898,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Gareth","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Franklin, Erik C.","contributorId":94780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franklin","given":"Erik","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haapkyla, Jessica","contributorId":107413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haapkyla","given":"Jessica","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Harvell, C. Drew","contributorId":93614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvell","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Drew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Neale, Stephen","contributorId":17747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neale","given":"Stephen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Page, Cathie A.","contributorId":76062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Page","given":"Cathie","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Raymundo, Laurie","contributorId":78456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raymundo","given":"Laurie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Vargas-Angel, Bernardo","contributorId":31100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vargas-Angel","given":"Bernardo","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Willis, Bette L.","contributorId":86467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willis","given":"Bette","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Work, Thierry M. 0000-0002-4426-9090 thierry_work@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4426-9090","contributorId":1187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Work","given":"Thierry","email":"thierry_work@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":349102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Davy, Simon K.","contributorId":53511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davy","given":"Simon","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70004033,"text":"70004033 - 2011 - An adaptive-management framework for optimal control of hiking near golden eagle nests in Denali National Park","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-07T20:19:32.924057","indexId":"70004033","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An adaptive-management framework for optimal control of hiking near golden eagle nests in Denali National Park","docAbstract":"Unintended effects of recreational activities in protected areas are of growing concern. We used an adaptive-management framework to develop guidelines for optimally managing hiking activities to maintain desired levels of territory occupancy and reproductive success of Golden Eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) in Denali National Park (Alaska, U.S.A.). The management decision was to restrict human access (hikers) to particular nesting territories to reduce disturbance. The management objective was to minimize restrictions on hikers while maintaining reproductive performance of eagles above some specified level. We based our decision analysis on predictive models of site occupancy of eagles developed using a combination of expert opinion and data collected from 93 eagle territories over 20 years. The best predictive model showed that restricting human access to eagle territories had little effect on occupancy dynamics. However, when considering important sources of uncertainty in the models, including environmental stochasticity, imperfect detection of hares on which eagles prey, and model uncertainty, restricting access of territories to hikers improved eagle reproduction substantially. An adaptive management framework such as ours may help reduce uncertainty of the effects of hiking activities on Golden Eagles","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1111/j.1523-1739.2010.01644.x","usgsCitation":"Martin, J., Fackler, P.L., Nichols, J., Runge, M.C., McIntyre, C.L., Lubow, B.L., McCluskie, M.C., and Schmutz, J.A., 2011, An adaptive-management framework for optimal control of hiking near golden eagle nests in Denali National Park: Conservation Biology, v. 25, no. 2, p. 316-323, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2010.01644.x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"316","endPage":"323","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474958,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2010.01644.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":204063,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Denali National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -154.09423828124997,\n 62.201388691814294\n ],\n [\n -148.502197265625,\n 62.201388691814294\n ],\n [\n -148.502197265625,\n 64.028933234179\n ],\n [\n -154.09423828124997,\n 64.028933234179\n ],\n [\n -154.09423828124997,\n 62.201388691814294\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"25","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-02-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685c72","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Martin, Julien 0000-0002-7375-129X julienmartin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7375-129X","contributorId":5785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Julien","email":"julienmartin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":350236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fackler, Paul L.","contributorId":17487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fackler","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nichols, James D. 0000-0002-7631-2890 jnichols@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"James D.","email":"jnichols@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":350233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Runge, Michael C. 0000-0002-8081-536X mrunge@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-536X","contributorId":3358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runge","given":"Michael","email":"mrunge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":350235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McIntyre, Carol L.","contributorId":94642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McIntyre","given":"Carol","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lubow, Bruce L.","contributorId":54474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lubow","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McCluskie, Maggie C.","contributorId":57730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCluskie","given":"Maggie","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":350234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70004637,"text":"70004637 - 2011 - Greater sage-grouse as an umbrella species for shrubland passerine birds: a multiscale assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:55","indexId":"70004637","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Greater sage-grouse as an umbrella species for shrubland passerine birds: a multiscale assessment","docAbstract":"Working groups and government agen-cies are planning and conducting land actions in sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) habitats to benefit Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) populations. Managers have adopted an umbrella concept, creating habitat characteristics specific to sage-grouse requirements, in the belief that other wildlife species dependent on sagebrush will benefit. We tested the efficacy of this approach by first identifying the primary environmental gradients underlying sagebrush steppe bird com-munities (including Greater Sage-Grouse). We integrated field sampling for birds and vegetation with geographic information system (GIS) data to characterize 305 sites sampled throughout the current range of Greater Sage-Grouse in the Intermountain West, United States. The primary environmental axis defining the bird community represented a gradient from local-scale Wyoming/basin big sagebrush (A. t. ssp. wyomingensis/A. t. ssp. tridentata), and bare ground cover to local and regional grassland cover; the second axis repre-sented a transition from low-elevation Wyoming/basin big sagebrush and bare ground to mountain big sagebrush (A. t. ssp. vaseyana) and habitat edge. We identified the relative overlap of sage-grouse with 13 species of passerine birds along the multiscale gradients and estimated the width of the umbrella when applying management guidelines specific to sage-grouse. Passerine birds associated with sagebrush steppe habitats had high levels of overlap with Greater Sage-Grouse along the multiscale environmental gradients. However, the overlap of the umbrella was prima-rily a function of the broad range of sagebrush habitats used by sage-grouse. Management that focuses on creating a narrow set of plot-scale con-ditions will likely be less effective than restoration efforts that recognize landscape scale heterogene-ity and multiscale organization of habitats. These multiscale efforts may improve some sage-grouse habitats and strengthen the management umb-rella for shrub steppe passerine birds.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Greater Sage-Grouse","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Hanser, S.E., and Knick, S.T., 2011, Greater sage-grouse as an umbrella species for shrubland passerine birds: a multiscale assessment, chap. of Greater Sage-Grouse, p. 475-488.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"475","endPage":"488","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203926,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":24448,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.ucpress.edu/book.php?isbn=9780520267114","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db671c63","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Knick, Steven T. 0000-0003-4025-1704 steve_knick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4025-1704","contributorId":159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knick","given":"Steven","email":"steve_knick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":508244,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Connelly, John W.","contributorId":32391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Connelly","given":"John W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":508245,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Hanser, Steven E.","contributorId":99273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanser","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knick, Steven T. 0000-0003-4025-1704 steve_knick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4025-1704","contributorId":159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knick","given":"Steven","email":"steve_knick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":350913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70004956,"text":"ofr20111143 - 2011 - Development of a high-resolution binational vegetation map of the Santa Cruz River riparian corridor and surrounding watershed, southern Arizona and northern Sonora, Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:59","indexId":"ofr20111143","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1143","title":"Development of a high-resolution binational vegetation map of the Santa Cruz River riparian corridor and surrounding watershed, southern Arizona and northern Sonora, Mexico","docAbstract":"This report summarizes the development of a binational vegetation map developed for the Santa Cruz Watershed, which straddles the southern border of Arizona and the northern border of Sonora, Mexico. The map was created as an environmental input to the Santa Cruz Watershed Ecosystem Portfolio Model (SCWEPM) that is being created by the U.S. Geological Survey for the watershed. The SCWEPM is a map-based multicriteria evaluation tool that allows stakeholders to explore tradeoffs between valued ecosystem services at multiple scales within a participatory decision-making process. Maps related to vegetation type and are needed for use in modeling wildlife habitat and other ecosystem services. Although detailed vegetation maps existed for the U.S. side of the border, there was a lack of consistent data for the Santa Cruz Watershed in Mexico. We produced a binational vegetation classification of the Santa Cruz River riparian habitat and watershed vegetation based on NatureServe Terrestrial Ecological Systems (TES) units using Classification And Regression Tree (CART) modeling. Environmental layers used as predictor data were derived from a seasonal set of Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) images (spring, summer, and fall) and from a 30-meter digital-elevation-model (DEM) grid. Because both sources of environmental data are seamless across the international border, they are particularly suited to this binational modeling effort. Training data were compiled from existing field data for the riparian corridor and data collected by the NM-GAP (New Mexico Gap Analysis Project) team for the original Southwest Regional Gap Analysis Project (SWReGAP) modeling effort. Additional training data were collected from core areas of the SWReGAP classification itself, allowing the extrapolation of the SWReGAP mapping into the Mexican portion of the watershed without collecting additional training data.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111143","usgsCitation":"Wallace, C., Villarreal, M., and Norman, L.M., 2011, Development of a high-resolution binational vegetation map of the Santa Cruz River riparian corridor and surrounding watershed, southern Arizona and northern Sonora, Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1143, iv, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111143.","productDescription":"iv, 22 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116184,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1143.gif"},{"id":24440,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1143/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States;Mexico","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Santa Cruz Watershed","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.75,30.75 ], [ -111.75,32.75 ], [ -110,32.75 ], [ -110,30.75 ], [ -111.75,30.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ee4b07f02db6605e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wallace, Cynthia S.A.","contributorId":70487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallace","given":"Cynthia S.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Villarreal, Miguel L.","contributorId":107012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Villarreal","given":"Miguel L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Norman, Laura M. 0000-0002-3696-8406 lnorman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3696-8406","contributorId":967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norman","given":"Laura","email":"lnorman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70004958,"text":"fs20113059 - 2011 - Geographic science for public and Tribal lands management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:54","indexId":"fs20113059","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-3059","title":"Geographic science for public and Tribal lands management","docAbstract":"There are more than 650 million acres of U.S. public and Tribal lands, most found west of the Mississippi River. Scientists with the U.S. Geological Survey's Western Geographic Science Center are working to increase the scientific information available for natural resource decision making, while continuing productive collaborations with Federal land managers, Tribal leaders, and local communities.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20113059","usgsCitation":"Torregrosa, A.A., 2011, Geographic science for public and Tribal lands management: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2011-3059, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20113059.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116186,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2011_3059.gif"},{"id":24442,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2011/3059/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a905f","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Hendley, James W. jhendley@usgs.gov","contributorId":112424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hendley","given":"James","email":"jhendley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":508271,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Torregrosa, Alicia A. 0000-0001-7361-2241 atorregrosa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7361-2241","contributorId":3471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torregrosa","given":"Alicia","email":"atorregrosa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70004960,"text":"sir20115090 - 2011 - Hypolimnetic dissolved-oxygen dynamics within selected White River reservoirs, northern Arkansas-southern Missouri, 1974-2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:59","indexId":"sir20115090","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5090","title":"Hypolimnetic dissolved-oxygen dynamics within selected White River reservoirs, northern Arkansas-southern Missouri, 1974-2008","docAbstract":"Dissolved oxygen is a critical constituent in reservoirs and lakes because it is essential for metabolism by all aerobic aquatic organisms. In general, hypolimnetic temperature and dissolved-oxygen concentrations vary from summer to summer in reservoirs, more so than in natural lakes, largely in response to the magnitude of flow into and release out of the water body. Because eutrophication is often defined as the acceleration of biological productivity resulting from increased nutrient and organic loading, hypolimnetic oxygen consumption rates or deficits often provide a useful tool in analyzing temporal changes in water quality.\r\n\r\nThis report updates a previous report that evaluated hypolimnetic dissolved-oxygen dynamics for a 21-year record (1974-94) in Beaver, Table Rock, Bull Shoals, and Norfork Lakes, as well as analyzed the record for Greers Ferry Lake. Beginning in 1974, vertical profiles of temperature and dissolved-oxygen concentrations generally were collected monthly from March through December at sites near the dam of each reservoir. The rate of change in the amount of dissolved oxygen present below a given depth at the beginning and end of the thermal stratification period is referred to as the areal hypolimnetic oxygen deficit. Areal hypolimnetic oxygen deficit was normalized for each reservoir based on seasonal flushing rate between April 15 and October 31 to adjust for wet year and dry year variability.\r\n\r\nAnnual cycles in thermal stratification within Beaver, Table Rock, Bull Shoals, Norfork, and Greers Ferry Lakes exhibited typical monomictic (one extended turnover period per year) characteristics. Flow dynamics drive reservoir processes and need to be considered when analyzing areal hypolimnetic oxygen deficit rates. A nonparametric, locally weighted scatter plot smooth line describes the relation between areal hypolimnetic oxygen deficit and seasonal flushing rates, without assuming linearity or normality of the residuals. \r\n\r\nThe results in this report are consistent with earlier findings that oxygen deficit rates and flushing-rate adjusted areal hypolimnetic oxygen deficit in Beaver and Table Rock Lakes were decreasing between 1974 and 1994. The additional data (1995-2008) demonstrate that the decline in flushing-rate adjusted areal hypolimnetic oxygen deficit in Beaver Lake has continued, whereas that in Table Rock Lake has flattened out in recent years. The additional data demonstrate the flushing-rate adjusted areal hypolimnetic oxygen deficit in Bull Shoals and Norfork Lakes have declined since 1995 (improved water quality), which was not indicated in earlier studies, while Greers Ferry Lake showed little net change over the period of record. Given the amount of data (35 years) for these reservoirs, developing an equation or model to predict areal hypolimnetic oxygen deficit and, therefore, areal hypolimnetic oxygen content, on any given day during future stratification seasons may be useful for reservoir managers.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115090","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Southwest Power Administration, and the Arkansas Game and Fish Commission","usgsCitation":"De Lanois, J.L., and Green, W.R., 2011, Hypolimnetic dissolved-oxygen dynamics within selected White River reservoirs, northern Arkansas-southern Missouri, 1974-2008: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5090, iv, 15 p.; Appendices: Beaver Lake, Table Rock Lake, Bull Shoals Lake, Norfolk Lake, Greers Ferry Lak-, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115090.","productDescription":"iv, 15 p.; Appendices: Beaver Lake, Table Rock Lake, Bull Shoals Lake, Norfolk Lake, Greers Ferry Lak-","startPage":"1","endPage":"15","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116157,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5090.gif"},{"id":24443,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5090/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","datum":"North American Vertical Datum of 1988, North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Missouri;Arkansas","otherGeospatial":"White River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -94,35 ], [ -94,37.5 ], [ -91,37.5 ], [ -91,35 ], [ -94,35 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc67d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"De Lanois, Jeanne L. jdelanoi@usgs.gov","contributorId":4672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De Lanois","given":"Jeanne","email":"jdelanoi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":351731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Green, W. Reed","contributorId":87886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Reed","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70004957,"text":"tm6A38 - 2011 - MODPATH-LGR; documentation of a computer program for particle tracking in shared-node locally refined grids by using MODFLOW-LGR","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T15:21:24","indexId":"tm6A38","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"6-A38","title":"MODPATH-LGR; documentation of a computer program for particle tracking in shared-node locally refined grids by using MODFLOW-LGR","docAbstract":"The computer program described in this report, MODPATH-LGR, is designed to allow simulation of particle tracking in locally refined grids. The locally refined grids are simulated by using MODFLOW-LGR, which is based on MODFLOW-2005, the three-dimensional groundwater-flow model published by the U.S. Geological Survey. The documentation includes brief descriptions of the methods used and detailed descriptions of the required input files and how the output files are typically used. \r\n\r\n The code for this model is available for downloading from the World Wide Web from a U.S. Geological Survey software repository. The repository is accessible from the U.S. Geological Survey Water Resources Information Web page at http://water.usgs.gov/software/ground_water.html. \r\n\r\n The performance of the MODPATH-LGR program has been tested in a variety of applications. Future applications, however, might reveal errors that were not detected in the test simulations. Users are requested to notify the U.S. Geological Survey of any errors found in this document or the computer program by using the email address available on the Web site. Updates might occasionally be made to this document and to the MODPATH-LGR program, and users should check the Web site periodically.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/tm6A38","usgsCitation":"Dickinson, J.E., Hanson, R.T., Mehl, S.W., and Hill, M.C., 2011, MODPATH-LGR; documentation of a computer program for particle tracking in shared-node locally refined grids by using MODFLOW-LGR: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 6-A38, vii, 13 p.; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/tm6A38.","productDescription":"vii, 13 p.; Appendices","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116175,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/tm_6_A38.gif"},{"id":24441,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm6a38/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db696cf1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dickinson, Jesse E. 0000-0002-0048-0839 jdickins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0048-0839","contributorId":152545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dickinson","given":"Jesse","email":"jdickins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hanson, R. T.","contributorId":91148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mehl, Steffen W. swmehl@usgs.gov","contributorId":975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mehl","given":"Steffen","email":"swmehl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":351728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hill, Mary C. mchill@usgs.gov","contributorId":974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Mary","email":"mchill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}