{"pageNumber":"1749","pageRowStart":"43700","pageSize":"25","recordCount":68937,"records":[{"id":70017049,"text":"70017049 - 1992 - A comparison of surface-grab and cross sectionally integrated stream-water-quality sampling methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-16T15:42:30.88656","indexId":"70017049","displayToPublicDate":"1992-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3711,"text":"Water Environment Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A comparison of surface-grab and cross sectionally integrated stream-water-quality sampling methods","docAbstract":"Stream sampling for water quality data has commonly employed simple surface-grab procedures as opposed to more involved, cross sectionally integrated techniques. Paired samples for analysis of selected constituents were collected over various flow conditions at four sites to evaluate differences between the two sampling methods. Concentrations of dissolved constituents were not consistently different. However, concentrations of suspended sediment and the total forms of some sediment-associated constituents, such as phosphorus, iron, and manganese, were significantly lower in the surface-grab samples than in the cross sectionally integrated samples. The largest median percent difference in concentration for a site was 60% (total recoverable manganese). Median percent differences in concentration for sediment-associated constituents considering all sites grouped were in the range of 20-25%. The surface-grab samples underrepresented concentrations of suspended sediment and some sediment-associated constituents, thus limiting the applicability of such data for certain purposes. An association was also demonstrated between site streamflow characteristics and the observed differences.","language":"English","publisher":"Water Environment Federation","doi":"10.2175/WER.64.7.4","issn":"10614303","usgsCitation":"Martin, G.R., Smoot, J.L., and White, K.D., 1992, A comparison of surface-grab and cross sectionally integrated stream-water-quality sampling methods: Water Environment Research, v. 64, no. 7, p. 866-876, https://doi.org/10.2175/WER.64.7.4.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"866","endPage":"876","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224573,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"64","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e376e4b0c8380cd46040","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Martin, G. R.","contributorId":14004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smoot, J. L.","contributorId":59794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smoot","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"White, K. D.","contributorId":45717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70138214,"text":"70138214 - 1992 - Modeling tidal exchange and dispersion in Boston Harbor","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-13T14:06:41","indexId":"70138214","displayToPublicDate":"1992-10-15T14:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2315,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling tidal exchange and dispersion in Boston Harbor","docAbstract":"

Tidal dispersion and the horizontal exchange of water between Boston Harbor and the surrounding ocean are examined with a high-resolution (200 m) depth-averaged numerical model. The strongly varying bathymetry and coastline geometry of the harbor generate complex spatial patterns in the modeled tidal currents which are verified by shipboard acoustic Doppler surveys. Lagrangian exchange experiments demonstrate that tidal currents rapidly exchange and mix material near the inlets of the harbor due to asymmetry in the ebb/flood response. This tidal mixing zone extends roughly a tidal excursion from the inlets and plays an important role in the overall flushing of the harbor. Because the tides can only efficiently mix material in this limited region, however, harbor flushing must be considered a two step process: rapid exchange in the tidal mixing zone, followed by flushing of the tidal mixing zone by nontidal residual currents. Estimates of embayment flushing based on tidal calculations alone therefore can significantly overestimate the flushing time that would be expected under typical environmental conditions. Particle-release simulations from point sources also demonstrate that while the tides efficiently exchange material in the vicinity of the inlets, the exact nature of dispersion from point sources is extremely sensitive to the timing and location of the release, and the distribution of particles is streaky and patchlike. This suggests that high-resolution modeling of dispersion from point sources in these regions must be performed explicitly and cannot be parameterized as a plume with Gaussian-spreading in a larger scale flow field.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Richmond, VA","doi":"10.1029/92JC01429","usgsCitation":"Signell, R.P., and Butman, B., 1992, Modeling tidal exchange and dispersion in Boston Harbor: Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans, v. 97, no. C10, p. 15591-15606, https://doi.org/10.1029/92JC01429.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"15591","endPage":"15606","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297306,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","city":"Boston","otherGeospatial":"Boston Harbor","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.08154296875,\n 42.220381783720605\n ],\n [\n -70.740966796875,\n 42.220381783720605\n ],\n [\n -70.740966796875,\n 42.435620156499795\n ],\n [\n -71.08154296875,\n 42.435620156499795\n ],\n [\n -71.08154296875,\n 42.220381783720605\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"97","issue":"C10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c00e4b08de9379b35d9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Signell, Richard P. rsignell@usgs.gov","contributorId":1435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Signell","given":"Richard","email":"rsignell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":538626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Butman, Bradford 0000-0002-4174-2073 bbutman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4174-2073","contributorId":943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butman","given":"Bradford","email":"bbutman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70017109,"text":"70017109 - 1992 - Pliocene paleoclimatic interpretation of DSDP Site 580 (NW Pacific) using diatoms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-30T17:48:59.506214","indexId":"70017109","displayToPublicDate":"1992-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2673,"text":"Marine Micropaleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pliocene paleoclimatic interpretation of DSDP Site 580 (NW Pacific) using diatoms","docAbstract":"

High-resolution quantitative diatom data are tabulated for the early part of the late Pliocene (3.25 to 2.08 Ma) at DSDP Site 580 in the northwestern Pacific. Sample spacing averages 11 k.y. between 3.1 and 2.8 Ma, but increases to 14 to 19 k.y. prior to 3.1 Ma and after 2.8 Ma.Q-mode factor analysis of the middle Pliocene assemblage reveals four factors which explain 92.4% of the total variance of the 47 samples studied between 3.25 and 2.55 Ma. Three of the factors are closely related to modern subarctic, transitional, and subtropical elements, while the fourth factor, which is dominated by Coscinodiscus marginatus and the extinct Pliocene species Neodenticula kamtschatica, appears to correspond to a middle Pliocene precursor of the subarctic water mass.

Knowledge of the modern and generalized Pliocene paleoclimatic relationships of various diatom taxa is used to generate a paleoclimate curve (“Twt”) based on the ratio of warm-water (subtropical) to cold-water diatoms with warm-water transitional taxa (Thalassionema nitzschioides, Thalassiosira oestrupii, andCoscinodiscus radiatus) factored into the equation at an intermediate (0.5) value. The “Twt” ratios at more southerly DSDP Sites 579 and 578 are consistently higher (warmer) than those at Site 580 throughout the Pliocene, suggesting the validity of the ratio as a paleoclimatic index.

Diatom paleoclimatic data reveal a middle Pliocene (3.1 to 3.0 Ma) warm interval at Site 580 during which paleotemperatures may have exceeded maximum Holocene values by 3°–5.5°C at least three times. This middle Pliocene warm interval is also recognized by planktic foraminifers in the North Atlantic, and it appears to correspond with generalized depleted oxygen isotope values suggesting polar warming.

The diatom “Twt” curve for Site 580 compares fairly well with radiolarian and silicoflagellate paleoclimatic curves for Site 580, planktic foraminiferal sea-surface temperature estimates for the North Atlantic, and benthic oxygen isotope curves for late Pliocene, although higher resolution studies on paired samples are required to test the correspondence of these various paleoclimatic indices.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0377-8398(92)90007-7","usgsCitation":"Barron, J.A., 1992, Pliocene paleoclimatic interpretation of DSDP Site 580 (NW Pacific) using diatoms: Marine Micropaleontology, v. 20, no. 1, p. 23-44, https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-8398(92)90007-7.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"23","endPage":"44","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":224869,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7c71e4b0c8380cd799b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barron, John A.","contributorId":116559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barron","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70185475,"text":"70185475 - 1992 - Modeling biotic uptake by periphyton and transient hyporrheic storage of nitrate in a natural stream","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-07T07:03:14","indexId":"70185475","displayToPublicDate":"1992-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling biotic uptake by periphyton and transient hyporrheic storage of nitrate in a natural stream","docAbstract":"

To a convection-dispersion hydrologic transport model we coupled a transient storage submodel (Bencala, 1984) and a biotic uptake submodel based on Michaelis-Menten kinetics (Kim et al., 1990). Our purpose was threefold: (1) to simulate nitrate retention in response to change in load in a third-order stream, (2) to differentiate biotic versus hydrologie factors in nitrate retention, and (3) to produce a research tool whose properties are consistent with laboratory and field observations. Hydrodynamic parameters were fitted from chloride concentration during a 20-day chloride-nitrate coinjection (Bencala, 1984), and biotic uptake kinetics were based on flume studies by Kim et al. (1990) and Triska et al. (1983). Nitrate concentration from the 20-day coinjection experiment served as a base for model validation. The complete transport retention model reasonably predicted the observed nitrate concentration. However, simulations which lacked either the transient storage submodel or the biotic uptake submodel poorly predicted the observed nitrate concentration. Model simulations indicated that transient storage in channel and hyporrheic interstices dominated nitrate retention within the first 24 hours, whereas biotic uptake dominated thereafter. A sawtooth function for Vmax ranging from 0.10 to 0.17 μg NO3-N s−1 gAFDM−1 (grams ash free dry mass) slightly underpredicted nitrate retention in simulations of 2–7 days. This result was reasonable since uptake by other nitrate-demanding processes were not included. The model demonstrated how ecosystem retention is an interaction between physical and biotic processes and supports the validity of coupling separate hydrodynamic and reactive submodels to established solute transport models in biological studies of fluvial ecosystems.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/92WR01229","usgsCitation":"Kim, B.K., Jackman, A.P., and Triska, F.J., 1992, Modeling biotic uptake by periphyton and transient hyporrheic storage of nitrate in a natural stream: Water Resources Research, v. 28, no. 10, p. 2743-2752, https://doi.org/10.1029/92WR01229.","productDescription":"10 p. ","startPage":"2743","endPage":"2752","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338065,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Redwood National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.08096313476562,\n 41.3427935623111\n ],\n [\n -124.10842895507811,\n 41.235478485093836\n ],\n [\n -124.07546997070311,\n 41.21998578493921\n ],\n [\n -124.06997680664062,\n 41.17348566059416\n ],\n [\n -123.96217346191406,\n 41.08142149109681\n ],\n [\n -123.84475708007811,\n 41.12643528544449\n ],\n [\n -123.98208618164061,\n 41.23960925180692\n ],\n [\n -123.95805358886719,\n 41.33660710626423\n ],\n [\n -124.08096313476562,\n 41.3427935623111\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"28","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d38d5fe4b0236b68f98f52","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kim, Brian K.A.","contributorId":189684,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kim","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"K.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jackman, Alan P.","contributorId":28239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackman","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Triska, Frank J.","contributorId":88781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Triska","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70185464,"text":"70185464 - 1992 - A geochemical transport model for redox-controlled movement of mineral fronts in groundwater flow systems: A case of nitrate removal by oxidation of pyrite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-01T09:43:24","indexId":"70185464","displayToPublicDate":"1992-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A geochemical transport model for redox-controlled movement of mineral fronts in groundwater flow systems: A case of nitrate removal by oxidation of pyrite","docAbstract":"

A one-dimensional prototype geochemical transport model was developed in order to handle simultaneous precipitation-dissolution and oxidation-reduction reactions governed by chemical equilibria. Total aqueous component concentrations are the primary dependent variables, and a sequential iterative approach is used for the calculation. The model was verified by analytical and numerical comparisons and is able to simulate sharp mineral fronts. At a site in Denmark, denitrification has been observed by oxidation of pyrite. Simulation of nitrate movement at this site showed a redox front movement rate of 0.58 m yr−1, which agreed with calculations of others. It appears that the sequential iterative approach is the most practical for extension to multidimensional simulation and for handling large numbers of components and reactions. However, slow convergence may limit the size of redox systems that can be handled.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/92WR01264","usgsCitation":"Engesgaard, P., and Kipp, K.L., 1992, A geochemical transport model for redox-controlled movement of mineral fronts in groundwater flow systems: A case of nitrate removal by oxidation of pyrite: Water Resources Research, v. 28, no. 10, p. 2829-2843, https://doi.org/10.1029/92WR01264.","productDescription":"15 p. ","startPage":"2829","endPage":"2843","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338054,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d38d5fe4b0236b68f98f54","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Engesgaard, Peter","contributorId":49044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engesgaard","given":"Peter","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kipp, Kenneth L. klkipp@usgs.gov","contributorId":1633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kipp","given":"Kenneth","email":"klkipp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":685643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70199718,"text":"70199718 - 1992 - Selenium and other elements in freshwater fishes from the irrigated San Joaquin valley, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-26T10:44:46","indexId":"70199718","displayToPublicDate":"1992-09-11T10:44:11","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Selenium and other elements in freshwater fishes from the irrigated San Joaquin valley, California","docAbstract":"

Arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), mercury (Hg), and selenium (Se) were measured in composite whole-body samples of five fishes — bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus), common carp (Cyprinus carpio), mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis), largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), and Sacramento blackfish (Orthodon microlepidotus) — from the San Joaquin River system to determine if concentrations were elevated from exposure to agricultural subsurface (tile) drainage. Except for Cr, the concentrations of these elements in fishes from one or more sites were elevated; however, only Se approached concentrations that may adversely affect survival, growth, or reproduction in warm water fishes. Moreover, only Se among the four measured elements exhibited a geographic (spatial) pattern that coincided with known inflows of tile drainage to the San Joaquin River and its tributaries. Historical data from the Grassland Water District (Grasslands; a region exposed to concentrated tile drainage) suggested that concentrations of Se in fishes were at maximum during or shortly after 1984 and have been slightly lower since then. The recent decline of Se concentrations in fishes from the Grasslands could be temporary if additional acreages of irrigated lands in this portion of the San Joaquin Valley must be tile-drained to protect agricultural crops from rising groundwater tables

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0048-9697(92)90487-D","usgsCitation":"Saiki, M.K., Jennings, M.R., and May, T.W., 1992, Selenium and other elements in freshwater fishes from the irrigated San Joaquin valley, California: Science of the Total Environment, v. 126, no. 1-2, p. 109-137, https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(92)90487-D.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"109","endPage":"137","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357750,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Joaquin Valley","volume":"126","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c111fdbe4b034bf6a81b5d9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saiki, Michael K.","contributorId":54671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saiki","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":746316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jennings, Mark R.","contributorId":31345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jennings","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":746317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"May, Thomas W. tmay@usgs.gov","contributorId":2598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"Thomas","email":"tmay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":746318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70073489,"text":"70073489 - 1992 - Determining water availability in Kansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-17T09:06:02","indexId":"70073489","displayToPublicDate":"1992-09-01T09:01:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1741,"text":"Geo Info Systems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determining water availability in Kansas","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geo Info Systems","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Aster Pub. Corp.","publisherLocation":"Eugene, OR","usgsCitation":"Juracek, K.E., 1992, Determining water availability in Kansas: Geo Info Systems, v. 2, no. 8, p. 52-57.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"52","endPage":"57","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":281224,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -102.0518,36.9931 ], [ -102.0518,40.0031 ], [ -94.5882,40.0031 ], [ -94.5882,36.9931 ], [ -102.0518,36.9931 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"2","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd548ee4b0b290850f5d05","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Juracek, Kyle E. 0000-0002-2102-8980 kjuracek@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2102-8980","contributorId":2022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Juracek","given":"Kyle","email":"kjuracek@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":488723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70185794,"text":"70185794 - 1992 - Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry as an element-specific detector for field-flow fractionation particle separation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-14T05:45:56","indexId":"70185794","displayToPublicDate":"1992-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":761,"text":"Analytical Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry as an element-specific detector for field-flow fractionation particle separation","docAbstract":"

An inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer was used for the quantitative measurement of trace elements In specific,submicrometer size-fraction particulates, separated by sedimentation field-flow fractionation. Fractions were collected from the eluent of the field-flow fractionation centrifuge and nebulized, with a Babington-type pneumatic nebulizer, into an argon inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer. Measured Ion currents were used to quantify the major, minor, and trace element composition of the size-separated colloidal (< 1-microm diameter) particulates. The composition of surface-water suspended matter collected from the Yarra and Darling rivers in Australia is presented to illustrate the usefulness of this tool for characterizing environmental materials. An adsorption experiment was performed using cadmium lon to demonstrate the utility for studying the processes of trace metal-suspended sediment interactions and contaminant transport in natural aquatic systems.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/ac00042a005","usgsCitation":"Taylor, H.E., Garbarino, J.R., Murphy, D.M., and Beckett, R., 1992, Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry as an element-specific detector for field-flow fractionation particle separation: Analytical Chemistry, v. 64, no. 18, p. 2036-2041, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00042a005.","productDescription":"6 p. ","startPage":"2036","endPage":"2041","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338546,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"64","issue":"18","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58dcc81ee4b02ff32c68571c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Taylor, Howard E. hetaylor@usgs.gov","contributorId":1551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Howard","email":"hetaylor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":686757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garbarino, John R. jrgarb@usgs.gov","contributorId":2189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garbarino","given":"John","email":"jrgarb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5046,"text":"Branch of Analytical Serv (NWQL)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":686758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Murphy, Deirdre M.","contributorId":189665,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Murphy","given":"Deirdre","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Beckett, Ronald","contributorId":190005,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beckett","given":"Ronald","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70185462,"text":"70185462 - 1992 - Use of chlorofluorocarbons (CCl3F and CCl2F2) as hydrologic tracers and age‐dating tools: The alluvium and terrace system of central Oklahoma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-12T11:16:27","indexId":"70185462","displayToPublicDate":"1992-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Use of chlorofluorocarbons (CCl3F and CCl2F2) as hydrologic tracers and age‐dating tools: The alluvium and terrace system of central Oklahoma","title":"Use of chlorofluorocarbons (CCl3F and CCl2F2) as hydrologic tracers and age‐dating tools: The alluvium and terrace system of central Oklahoma","docAbstract":"

The use of Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) as an age‐dating tool and tracer in shallow groundwaters has been investigated. New methodology for field sampling and preserving groundwaters containing parts per trillion concentrations of the CFCs, F‐1l and F‐12, is presented. Samples are analyzed by purge‐and‐trap gas chromatography with an electron capture detector. Physical and chemical processes that can alter natural concentrations (air‐water equilibrium) of CFCs were investigated to assess dating uncertainties. CFC model recharge ages appear to be defined within 2 years under optimum conditions. The method was applied to central Oklahoma to demonstrate the usefulness of CFCs as (1) an age‐dating tool of shallow groundwaters, (2) a tracer of sewage effluent in surface and shallow groundwaters, and (3) a tracer of shallow groundwater. Results of dating indicate two primary recharge periods in central Oklahoma over the past 45 years that correspond to the wet periods 1945–1960 and 1967–1975.

","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/92WR01263","usgsCitation":"Busenberg, E., and Plummer, N., 1992, Use of chlorofluorocarbons (CCl3F and CCl2F2) as hydrologic tracers and age‐dating tools: The alluvium and terrace system of central Oklahoma: Water Resources Research, v. 28, no. 9, p. 2257-2283, https://doi.org/10.1029/92WR01263.","productDescription":"26 p. ","startPage":"2257","endPage":"2283","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338052,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d38d5fe4b0236b68f98f56","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Busenberg, Eurybiades ebusenbe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Busenberg","given":"Eurybiades","email":"ebusenbe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":685637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Plummer, Niel 0000-0002-4020-1013 nplummer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4020-1013","contributorId":190100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plummer","given":"Niel","email":"nplummer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":685638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70127014,"text":"70127014 - 1992 - Is an instream flow need a beneficial use?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-25T13:13:06","indexId":"70127014","displayToPublicDate":"1992-08-06T13:10:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"Is an instream flow need a beneficial use?","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of Water Resources Session at Water Forum '92 Water Resources Planning and Management: Saving a threatened resource, in search of solutions","conferenceTitle":"Saving a threatened resource, in search of solutions","conferenceDate":"1992-08-02T00:00:00","conferenceLocation":"Baltimore, MD","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","usgsCitation":"Milhous, R.T., 1992, Is an instream flow need a beneficial use?, 6 p.","productDescription":"6 p.","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":294530,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54252ebee4b0e641df8a706e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Milhous, Robert T.","contributorId":28646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milhous","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70127591,"text":"70127591 - 1992 - Are high and low flow habitat values really the same?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-30T12:58:44","indexId":"70127591","displayToPublicDate":"1992-08-05T12:53:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"Are high and low flow habitat values really the same?","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkTitle":"Water resources planning and management: saving a threatened resource - in search of solutions","conferenceTitle":"Water resources planning and management: saving a threatened resource - in search of solutions","conferenceDate":"1992-08-02T00:00:00","conferenceLocation":"Baltimore, MD","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","usgsCitation":"Waddle, T., 1992, Are high and low flow habitat values really the same?, 6 p.","productDescription":"6 p.","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":294652,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"542bc61fe4b0abfb4c809702","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waddle, T.J.","contributorId":90240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waddle","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70016313,"text":"70016313 - 1992 - The role of water in the formation of reversed micelles: An antimicellization agent","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-29T23:25:07.462888","indexId":"70016313","displayToPublicDate":"1992-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2605,"text":"Langmuir","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of water in the formation of reversed micelles: An antimicellization agent","docAbstract":"

Micellization of sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate in n-heptane has been studied under controlled environmental conditions by dynamic and static light scattering. The results clearly show that a trace amount of water has a very dramatic effect on reversed micellization. In contrast with results in the literature, water can function as an antimicellization agent. The generality of and the evidence for supporting the current view that water is a prerequisite for the formation of reversed micelles are discussed and criticized. 

","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/la00044a002","issn":"07437463","usgsCitation":"Yu, Z., Zhou, N., and Neuman, R.D., 1992, The role of water in the formation of reversed micelles: An antimicellization agent: Langmuir, v. 8, no. 8, p. 1885-1888, https://doi.org/10.1021/la00044a002.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1885","endPage":"1888","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223363,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bafa4e4b08c986b324948","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yu, Z.-J.","contributorId":97639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yu","given":"Z.-J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zhou, N.-F.","contributorId":79242,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhou","given":"N.-F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Neuman, R. D.","contributorId":27199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neuman","given":"R.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70185473,"text":"70185473 - 1992 - Large-scale natural gradient tracer test in sand and gravel, Cape Cod, Massachusetts: 3. Hydraulic conductivity variability and calculated macrodispersivities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-14T06:42:49","indexId":"70185473","displayToPublicDate":"1992-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Large-scale natural gradient tracer test in sand and gravel, Cape Cod, Massachusetts: 3. Hydraulic conductivity variability and calculated macrodispersivities","docAbstract":"

Hydraulic conductivity (K) variability in a sand and gravel aquifer on Cape Cod, Massachusetts, was measured and subsequently used in stochastic transport theories to estimate macrodispersivities. Nearly 1500 K measurements were obtained by borehole flowmeter tests and permeameter analyses of cores. The geometric mean for the flowmeter tests (0.11 cm/s) is similar to that estimated from other field tests. The mean for the permeameter tests (0.035 cm/s) is significantly lower, possibly because of compaction of the cores. The variance for the flowmeter (0.24) is also greater than that for the permeameter (0.14). Geostatistical analyses applying negative exponential models with and without nuggets reveal similar spatial correlation structures for the two data sets. Estimated correlation scales range from 2.9 to 8 m in the horizontal and from 0.18 to 0.38 m in the vertical. Estimates of asymptotic longitudinal dispersivity (b.35–0.78 m) are similar in magnitude to that observed in the natural gradient tracer test (0.96 m) previously conducted at this site.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/92WR00668","usgsCitation":"Hess, K.M., Wolf, S.H., and Celia, M.A., 1992, Large-scale natural gradient tracer test in sand and gravel, Cape Cod, Massachusetts: 3. Hydraulic conductivity variability and calculated macrodispersivities: Water Resources Research, v. 28, no. 8, p. 2011-2027, https://doi.org/10.1029/92WR00668.","productDescription":"17 p. ","startPage":"2011","endPage":"2027","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338062,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Otis Air National Guard Base ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.565185546875,\n 41.62750490530729\n ],\n [\n -70.47557830810547,\n 41.62750490530729\n ],\n [\n -70.47557830810547,\n 41.69214238294329\n ],\n [\n -70.565185546875,\n 41.69214238294329\n ],\n [\n -70.565185546875,\n 41.62750490530729\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"28","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d38d5fe4b0236b68f98f5a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hess, Kathryn M.","contributorId":49012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hess","given":"Kathryn","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wolf, Steven H.","contributorId":189682,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wolf","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Celia, Michael A.","contributorId":189683,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Celia","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70185483,"text":"70185483 - 1992 - Relation of nickel concentrations in tree rings to groundwater contamination","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-19T09:27:42","indexId":"70185483","displayToPublicDate":"1992-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relation of nickel concentrations in tree rings to groundwater contamination","docAbstract":"

Increment cores were collected from trees growing at two sites where groundwater is contaminated by nickel. Proton-induced X ray emission spectroscopy was used to determine the nickel concentrations in selected individual rings and in parts of individual rings. Ring nickel concentrations were interpreted on the basis of recent concentrations of nickel in aquifers, historical information about site use activities, and model simulations of groundwater flow. Nickel concentrations in rings increased during years of site use but not in trees outside the contaminated aquifers. Consequently, it was concluded that trees may preserve in their rings an annual record of nickel contamination in groundwater. Tulip trees and oaks contained higher concentrations of nickel than did sassafras, sweet gum, or black cherry. No evidence was found that nickel accumulates consistently within parts of individual rings or that nickel is translocated across ring boundaries.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/92WR00731","usgsCitation":"Yanosky, T.M., and Vroblesky, D.A., 1992, Relation of nickel concentrations in tree rings to groundwater contamination: Water Resources Research, v. 28, no. 8, p. 2077-2083, https://doi.org/10.1029/92WR00731.","productDescription":"7 p. ","startPage":"2077","endPage":"2083","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338076,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d38d5fe4b0236b68f98f58","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yanosky, Thomas M.","contributorId":40589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yanosky","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vroblesky, Don A. vroblesk@usgs.gov","contributorId":413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vroblesky","given":"Don","email":"vroblesk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":685702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70171323,"text":"70171323 - 1992 - Landslides triggered by Hurricane Hugo in eastern Puerto Rico, September 1989","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-26T15:26:24","indexId":"70171323","displayToPublicDate":"1992-07-31T11:30:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1185,"text":"Caribbean Journal of Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landslides triggered by Hurricane Hugo in eastern Puerto Rico, September 1989","docAbstract":"

On the morning of September 18, 1989, a category-four hurricane struck eastern Puerto Rico with a sustained wind speed in excess of 46 m/s. The 24-h rainfall accumulation from the hurricane ranged from 100 to 339 mm. Average rainfall intensities ranging from 34 to 39 mm/h were calculated for 4 and 6 h periods, respectively, at a rain gage equipped with satellite telemetry, and at an observer station. The hurricane rainfall triggered more than 400 landslides in the steeply sloping, highly dissected mountains of eastern Puerto Rico. Of these landslides, 285 were mapped from aerial photography which covered 6474 ha. Many of the mapped landslides were on northeast- and northwest-facing slopes at the eastern terminus of the mountains, nearest the hurricane path. The surface area of individual landslides ranged from 18 m2 to 4500 m2, with a median size of 148 m2. The 285 landslides disturbed 0.11% of the land surface in the area covered by aerial photographs. An approximate denudation rate of 164 mm/1000 y was calculated from the volume of material eroded by landsliding and the 10-y rainfall recurrence interval.

","language":"English","publisher":"University of Puerto Rico","publisherLocation":"Mayagüez, Puerto Rico","issn":"0008-6452","usgsCitation":"Larsen, M.C., and Torres-Sanchez, A.J., 1992, Landslides triggered by Hurricane Hugo in eastern Puerto Rico, September 1989: Caribbean Journal of Science, v. 28, no. 3-4, p. 113-125.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"113","endPage":"125","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":156,"text":"Caribbean Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321774,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57481e37e4b07e28b664dbd5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Larsen, Matthew C. mclarsen@usgs.gov","contributorId":1568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larsen","given":"Matthew","email":"mclarsen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":630556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Torres-Sanchez, Angel J. 0000-0002-5595-021X ajtorres@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5595-021X","contributorId":5623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torres-Sanchez","given":"Angel","email":"ajtorres@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":156,"text":"Caribbean Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":630557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70205175,"text":"70205175 - 1992 - Aluminum in soil solutions from a subalpine spruce-fir forest at Whiteface Mountain, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-19T10:23:03","indexId":"70205175","displayToPublicDate":"1992-07-31T09:30:53","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2262,"text":"Journal of Environmental Quality","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aluminum in soil solutions from a subalpine spruce-fir forest at Whiteface Mountain, New York","docAbstract":"

Direct or indirect Al toxicity has been suggested as a principal factor in forest tree declines. We monitored ambient soil solutions in undisturbed and experimentally manipulated soils from a fir [Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.]-spruce forest on Whiteface Mountain, NY, in order to characterize soil solution Al concentrations over a range of acid anion loadings. Under both natural and experimental conditions total Al and labile Al concentrations rarely exceeded values (180–250 µmol L−1) associated with reduced root growth in red spruce (Picea rubens Sarg.). Over a 2-yr period ambient soil solutions averaged 76 and 46 µmol L−1 total Al in the organic and mineral horizons, respectively. The highest monthly mean concentrations occurred in winter. Disturbance-induced NO3 accumulation and simulated acid rain applications produced higher peak Al values in experimental plots than were observed in undisturbed and untreated plots. Although soils of the fir-spruce zone exhibited the potential to yield solutions with phytotoxic Al concentrations, it appears that such concentrations are both spatially and temporally limited and infrequently present a direct stress to root growth in red spruce.

","language":"English","publisher":"ACSESS","doi":"10.2134/jeq1992.00472425002100030007x","usgsCitation":"Miller, E.K., Huntington, T.G., Johnson, A., and Friedland, A.J., 1992, Aluminum in soil solutions from a subalpine spruce-fir forest at Whiteface Mountain, New York: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 21, no. 3, p. 345-352, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq1992.00472425002100030007x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"345","endPage":"352","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":367212,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Mount Esther, White Face Mountain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.1412353515625,\n 44.32876014234562\n ],\n [\n -73.78555297851562,\n 44.32876014234562\n ],\n [\n -73.78555297851562,\n 44.584599008752015\n ],\n [\n -74.1412353515625,\n 44.584599008752015\n ],\n [\n -74.1412353515625,\n 44.32876014234562\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, E. K.","contributorId":218777,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":770218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Huntington, Thomas G. 0000-0002-9427-3530 thunting@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9427-3530","contributorId":117440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huntington","given":"Thomas","email":"thunting@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":770219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, A. H.","contributorId":49645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"A. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":770220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Friedland, A. J.","contributorId":28430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedland","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":770221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70221643,"text":"70221643 - 1992 - Closure of the Isthmus of Panama: The near-shore marine record of Costa Rica and western Panama","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-25T21:58:20.664973","indexId":"70221643","displayToPublicDate":"1992-07-01T16:54:12","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1723,"text":"GSA Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Closure of the Isthmus of Panama: The near-shore marine record of Costa Rica and western Panama","docAbstract":"

The final closure of the Isthmus of Panama at ∼3.5 Ma divided the American tropical ocean into two separate and different oceanographic regions. Consequences for the marine biota were profound, but, hitherto, correlation of the Pacific and Caribbean coastal sections has not been precise enough to track biologic patterns. We present here a correlation of 31 sections from the Pacific and Caribbean coasts of Costa Rica and western Panama. Using calcareous nannofossils and planktonic foraminifera at both the tops and bottoms of each formation, we estimate that the Caribbean section ranges from 8.2 Ma to 1.7 Ma; and the Pacific sequence, from 3.6 Ma to <1.7 Ma. These intervals bracket postulated dates for final closure of the Isthmus and provide the first well-dated record of middle and late Pliocene faunas from the region.

The Caribbean and Pacific sections include very different environments of deposition, yet there is sufficient overlap and diversity of habitats to permit meaningful biological comparisons. On the Caribbean side, formations tied together by the overlap of the upper Pliocene markers Sphenolithus abies and Pseudoemiliana lacunosa (3.5 Ma to 3.6 Ma) range from very shallow to shallow inner shelf (<200 m) and upper slope (200-800 m). The Pacific coast sections were mostly deposited in a trench slope environment, which is absent on the Caribbean side. These sections fortuitously include abundant thick intra-formational slumps containing shallow-water fauna more appropriate for biological comparison with the Caribbean biota. Similarly, the ∼1.9 Ma to 1.5 Ma interval, well constrained by various taxa, includes middle- to outer-shelf, and inner-shelf to upper-slope deposits on the Caribbean side, and marginal-marine to inner-shelf deposits on the Pacific coast.

Using our new biostratigraphic framework to correlate previously poorly constrained mollusc collections, we show that evolutionary divergence of the Pacific and Caribbean near-shore marine faunas had occurred by 3.5 Ma. This strongly suggests that the Isthmus was effectively closed by this time.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1992)104%3C0814:COTIOP%3E2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Coates, A.G., Jackson, J.B., Collins, L.S., Cronin, T.M., Dowsett, H.J., Bybell, L.M., Jung, P., and Obando, J., 1992, Closure of the Isthmus of Panama: The near-shore marine record of Costa Rica and western Panama: GSA Bulletin, v. 104, no. 7, p. 814-828, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1992)104%3C0814:COTIOP%3E2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"814","endPage":"828","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":386764,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Costa Rica, Panama","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.7158203125,\n 6.970049417296232\n ],\n [\n -77.9150390625,\n 6.970049417296232\n ],\n [\n -77.9150390625,\n 10.401377554543553\n ],\n [\n -83.7158203125,\n 10.401377554543553\n ],\n [\n -83.7158203125,\n 6.970049417296232\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"104","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coates, Anthony G.","contributorId":174335,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coates","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":27419,"text":"Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, P.O. Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Republic of Panama","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jackson, Jeremy B. C.","contributorId":121412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"Jeremy","email":"","middleInitial":"B. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":818325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Collins, Laurel S.","contributorId":174336,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Collins","given":"Laurel","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":27423,"text":"Department of Earth and Environment, and Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cronin, Thomas M. 0000-0002-2643-0979 tcronin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-0979","contributorId":2579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"Thomas","email":"tcronin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":818327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dowsett, Harry J. 0000-0003-1983-7524 hdowsett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1983-7524","contributorId":949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dowsett","given":"Harry","email":"hdowsett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":818328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bybell, Laurel M. 0000-0002-4760-7542 lbybell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4760-7542","contributorId":1760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bybell","given":"Laurel","email":"lbybell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":818329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jung, Peter","contributorId":260649,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jung","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":818330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Obando, Jorge","contributorId":260650,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Obando","given":"Jorge","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":818331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70073369,"text":"70073369 - 1992 - Precipitation estimation in mountainous terrain using multivariate geostatistics. Part I: structural analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-16T14:03:11","indexId":"70073369","displayToPublicDate":"1992-07-01T13:59:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2168,"text":"Journal of Applied Meteorology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Precipitation estimation in mountainous terrain using multivariate geostatistics. Part I: structural analysis","docAbstract":"Values of average annual precipitation (AAP) are desired for hydrologic studies within a watershed containing Yucca Mountain, Nevada, a potential site for a high-level nuclear-waste repository. Reliable values of AAP are not yet available for most areas within this watershed because of a sparsity of precipitation measurements and the need to obtain measurements over a sufficient length of time. To estimate AAP over the entire watershed, historical precipitation data and station elevations were obtained from a network of 62 stations in southern Nevada and southeastern California. Multivariate geostatistics (cokriging) was selected as an estimation method because of a significant (p = 0.05) correlation of r = .75 between the natural log of AAP and station elevation. A sample direct variogram for the transformed variable, TAAP = ln [(AAP) 1000], was fitted with an isotropic, spherical model defined by a small nugget value of 5000, a range of 190 000 ft, and a sill value equal to the sample variance of 163 151. Elevations for 1531 additional locations were obtained from topographic maps to improve the accuracy of cokriged estimates. A sample direct variogram for elevation was fitted with an isotropic model consisting of a nugget value of 5500 and three nested transition structures: a Gaussian structure with a range of 61 000 ft, a spherical structure with a range of 70 000 ft, and a quasi-stationary, linear structure. The use of an isotropic, stationary model for elevation was considered valid within a sliding-neighborhood radius of 120 000 ft. The problem of fitting a positive-definite, nonlinear model of coregionalization to an inconsistent sample cross variogram for TAAP and elevation was solved by a modified use of the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality. A selected cross-variogram model consisted of two nested structures: a Gaussian structure with a range of 61 000 ft and a spherical structure with a range of 190 000 ft. Cross validation was used for model selection and for comparing the geostatistical model with six alternate estimation methods. Multivariate geostatistics provided the best cross-validation results.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Applied Meteorology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","publisherLocation":"Boston, MA","doi":"10.1175/1520-0450(1992)031<0661:PEIMTU>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Hevesi, J.A., Istok, J.D., and Flint, A.L., 1992, Precipitation estimation in mountainous terrain using multivariate geostatistics. Part I: structural analysis: Journal of Applied Meteorology, v. 31, no. 7, p. 661-676, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0450(1992)031<0661:PEIMTU>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"661","endPage":"676","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":479569,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0450(1992)031<0661:peimtu>2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":281195,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281194,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0450(1992)031<0661:PEIMTU>2.0.CO;2"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Yucca Mountain","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.7402,35.1918 ], [ -118.7402,39.0021 ], [ -113.9063,39.0021 ], [ -113.9063,35.1918 ], [ -118.7402,35.1918 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"31","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd6c53e4b0b290851047b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hevesi, Joseph 0000-0003-2898-1800 jhevesi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2898-1800","contributorId":1507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hevesi","given":"Joseph","email":"jhevesi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":488655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Istok, Jonathan D.","contributorId":35468,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Istok","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Flint, Alan L. 0000-0002-5118-751X aflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5118-751X","contributorId":1492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Alan","email":"aflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":488654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70073361,"text":"70073361 - 1992 - Precipitation estimation in mountainous terrain using multivariate geostatistics. Part II: isohyetal maps","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-18T10:40:33","indexId":"70073361","displayToPublicDate":"1992-07-01T13:30:56","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2168,"text":"Journal of Applied Meteorology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Precipitation estimation in mountainous terrain using multivariate geostatistics. Part II: isohyetal maps","docAbstract":"Values of average annual precipitation (AAP) may be important for hydrologic characterization of a potential high-level nuclear-waste repository site at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Reliable measurements of AAP are sparse in the vicinity of Yucca Mountain, and estimates of AAP were needed for an isohyetal mapping over a 2600-square-mile watershed containing Yucca Mountain. Estimates were obtained with a multivariate geostatistical model developed using AAP and elevation data from a network of 42 precipitation stations in southern Nevada and southeastern California. An additional 1531 elevations were obtained to improve estimation accuracy. Isohyets representing estimates obtained using univariate geostatistics (kriging) defined a smooth and continuous surface. Isohyets representing estimates obtained using multivariate geostatistics (cokriging) defined an irregular surface that more accurately represented expected local orographic influences on AAP. Cokriging results included a maximum estimate within the study area of 335 mm at an elevation of 7400 ft, an average estimate of 157 mm for the study area, and an average estimate of 172 mm at eight locations in the vicinity of the potential repository site. Kriging estimates tended to be lower in comparison because the increased AAP expected for remote mountainous topography was not adequately represented by the available sample. Regression results between cokriging estimates and elevation were similar to regression results between measured AAP and elevation. The position of the cokriging 250-mm isohyet relative to the boundaries of pinyon pine and juniper woodlands provided indirect evidence of improved estimation accuracy because the cokriging result agreed well with investigations by others concerning the relationship between elevation, vegetation, and climate in the Great Basin. Calculated estimation variances were also mapped and compared to evaluate improvements in estimation accuracy. Cokriging estimation variances were reduced by an average of 54% relative to kriging variances within the study area. Cokriging reduced estimation variances at the potential repository site by 55% relative to kriging. The usefulness of an existing network of stations for measuring AAP within the study area was evaluated using cokriging variances, and twenty additional stations were located for the purpose of improving the accuracy of future isohyetal mappings. Using the expanded network of stations, the maximum cokriging estimation variance within the study area was reduced by 78% relative to the existing network, and the average estimation variance was reduced by 52%.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Applied Meteorology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","publisherLocation":"Boston, MA","doi":"10.1175/1520-0450(1992)031<0677:PEIMTU>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Hevesi, J.A., Flint, A.L., and Istok, J.D., 1992, Precipitation estimation in mountainous terrain using multivariate geostatistics. Part II: isohyetal maps: Journal of Applied Meteorology, v. 31, no. 7, p. 677-688, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0450(1992)031<0677:PEIMTU>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"677","endPage":"688","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479570,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0450(1992)031<0677:peimtu>2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":281189,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0450(1992)031<0677:PEIMTU>2.0.CO;2"},{"id":281192,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Yucca Mountain","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.7402,35.1918 ], [ -118.7402,39.0021 ], [ -113.9063,39.0021 ], [ -113.9063,35.1918 ], [ -118.7402,35.1918 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"31","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd6c53e4b0b290851047b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hevesi, Joseph 0000-0003-2898-1800 jhevesi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2898-1800","contributorId":1507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hevesi","given":"Joseph","email":"jhevesi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":488637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flint, Alan L. 0000-0002-5118-751X aflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5118-751X","contributorId":1492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Alan","email":"aflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":488636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Istok, Jonathan D.","contributorId":35468,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Istok","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70186743,"text":"70186743 - 1992 - Fat fractal scaling of drainage networks from a random spatial network model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-01T09:38:58","indexId":"70186743","displayToPublicDate":"1992-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fat fractal scaling of drainage networks from a random spatial network model","docAbstract":"

An alternative quantification of the scaling properties of river channel networks is explored using a spatial network model. Whereas scaling descriptions of drainage networks previously have been presented using a fractal analysis primarily of the channel lengths, we illustrate the scaling of the surface area of the channels defining the network pattern with an exponent which is independent of the fractal dimension but not of the fractal nature of the network. The methodology presented is a fat fractal analysis in which the drainage basin minus the channel area is considered the fat fractal. Random channel networks within a fixed basin area are generated on grids of different scales. The sample channel networks generated by the model have a common outlet of fixed width and a rule of upstream channel narrowing specified by a diameter branching exponent using hydraulic and geomorphologic principles. Scaling exponents are computed for each sample network on a given grid size and are regressed against network magnitude. Results indicate that the size of the exponents are related to magnitude of the networks and generally decrease as network magnitude increases. Cases showing differences in scaling exponents with like magnitudes suggest a direction of future work regarding other topologic basin characteristics as potential explanatory variables.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/92WR00805","usgsCitation":"Karlinger, M.R., and Troutman, B., 1992, Fat fractal scaling of drainage networks from a random spatial network model: Water Resources Research, v. 28, no. 7, p. 1975-1981, https://doi.org/10.1029/92WR00805.","productDescription":"7 p. ","startPage":"1975","endPage":"1981","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":339481,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58e8a553e4b09da6799d6412","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Karlinger, Michael R.","contributorId":10777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karlinger","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Troutman, Brent M.","contributorId":41040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Troutman","given":"Brent M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5223021,"text":"5223021 - 1992 - Evaluation of aerial transects for counting winter mallards","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-12-04T16:29:59.087981","indexId":"5223021","displayToPublicDate":"1992-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of aerial transects for counting winter mallards","docAbstract":"

Winter waterfowl surveys rarely use sampling methods, and little is known about the precision and biases of their population estimates. Consequently, we developed aerial transect surveys (n=5) in 4 strata comprising 16 substrata in the lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley during winters 1987-88 through 1989-90 to estimate mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) population indices and determine regional patterns of habitat use. Mallard population indices ranged from 1,147,628 (SE=192,341) in December 1988 to 1,790,708 (SE=179,406) in January 1988. Coefficients of variation (CV's) for early winter surveys averaged 0.15 and those for late winter surveys averaged 0.10. During early winter, 59-69% of mallards were on wetlands with water regimes managed for waterfowl; whereas in late winter, 52-79% used wetlands with unmanaged water regimes. Late winter was wet during 1987-88 and 1988-89, and most mallards (62-68%) were on naturally flooded croplands. Use of forested wetlands (3-11%) and moist-soil habitats (3-29%) varied among surveys but was not correlated with water conditions. The number of mallards using naturally flooded croplands (e.g., >1,100,000 in Jan 1988) illustrated the extent of habitat use on private lands. We recommend transect surveys (e.g., 5-yr intervals) for evaluating responses of mallard populations to management programs and as a sampling framework for integrating regional waterfowl research and management data.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3808867","usgsCitation":"Reinecke, K.J., Brown, M.W., and Nassar, J.R., 1992, Evaluation of aerial transects for counting winter mallards: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 56, no. 3, p. 515-525, https://doi.org/10.2307/3808867.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"515","endPage":"525","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":486946,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3808867","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":193982,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas, Illinois, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Tennesee","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi Alluvial Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.76953125,\n 36.932330061503144\n ],\n [\n -89.80224609374999,\n 37.142803443716836\n ],\n [\n -90.06591796875,\n 37.055177106660814\n ],\n [\n -92.04345703125,\n 34.63320791137959\n ],\n [\n -91.91162109375,\n 32.47269502206151\n ],\n [\n -92.197265625,\n 30.41078179084589\n ],\n [\n -90.06591796875,\n 29.22889003019423\n ],\n [\n -89.4287109375,\n 30.012030680358613\n ],\n [\n -91.1865234375,\n 31.372399104880525\n ],\n [\n -90.63720703125,\n 32.565333160841035\n ],\n [\n -89.7802734375,\n 33.46810795527896\n ],\n [\n -89.7802734375,\n 34.615126683462194\n ],\n [\n -88.76953125,\n 36.932330061503144\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"56","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a865","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reinecke, Kenneth J.","contributorId":87275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reinecke","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, Michael W.","contributorId":17712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nassar, James R.","contributorId":55918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nassar","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1014684,"text":"1014684 - 1992 - Larval American shad: Effects of age and group size on swimming and feeding behavior","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-06T16:14:37.419906","indexId":"1014684","displayToPublicDate":"1992-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Larval American shad: Effects of age and group size on swimming and feeding behavior","docAbstract":"

We analyzed the behavior of 3–4‐d‐old prolarval and 28–33‐d‐old metalarval American shad Alosa sapidissima in groups of 3–1,000 fish per 22‐L glass tank, to determine whether (1) previously described juvenile behavior patterns first develop in larvae, (2) group size or density alters the behavior of larvae, and (3) schooling or other forms of cohesive behavior develop in larvae to promote social interactions. Twelve discrete behaviors or modal action patterns (MAPS) oflarvae were observed at all group sizes; halfthese patterns are unique to larval stages. Conversely, larvae do not develop five previously described juvenile MAPS. Stereotyped metalarval feeding sequences were absent or poorly developed in prolarvae. Group size was directly related to duration of free swimming in water column (metalarvae only) and to frequencies of “proximity to another fish” (all larvae), “contact another fish” (all larvae), and “escape or flee” (all larvae). Age or larval stage significantly affected all swimming‐related activities and three feeding behaviors. Larvae foraged and fed independently of one another and used MAPs typical of other larval fishes (“fixate,” “sigmoid,” “lunge,” and “capture”). With one exception (a direct relationship between frequency of food capture and metalarval size), group size and individual size did not significantly affect larval feeding success. Neither schooling nor forms of behavior leading to coordinated group swimming were observed at either larval stage. Larval behavior differed from juvenile behavior in a way that suggests survival in riverine habitats is promoted by behavior that disperses larvae and enables them to function nonsocially.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1992)121<0508:LASEOA>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Ross, R.M., and Backman, T.W., 1992, Larval American shad: Effects of age and group size on swimming and feeding behavior: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 121, no. 4, p. 508-516, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1992)121<0508:LASEOA>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"508","endPage":"516","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129951,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"121","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8df7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ross, R. M.","contributorId":39311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ross","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Backman, T. W. H.","contributorId":84307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Backman","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"W. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70185468,"text":"70185468 - 1992 - Solute transport with multiple equilibrium-controlled or kinetically controlled chemical reactions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-20T15:25:10.396263","indexId":"70185468","displayToPublicDate":"1992-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Solute transport with multiple equilibrium-controlled or kinetically controlled chemical reactions","docAbstract":"

A new approach is applied to the problem of modeling solute transport accompanied by many chemical reactions. The approach, based on concepts of the concentration space and its stoichiometric subspaces, uses elements of the subspaces as primary dependent variables. It is shown that the resulting model equations are compact in form, isolate the chemical reaction expressions from flow expressions, and can be used for either equilibrium or kinetically controlled reactions. The implications of the results on numerical algorithms for solving the equations are discussed. The application of the theory is illustrated throughout with examples involving a simple but broadly representative set of reactions previously considered in the literature. Numerical results are presented for four interconnected reactions: a homogeneous complexation reaction, two sorption reactions, and a dissolution/precipitation reaction. Three cases are considered: (1) four kinetically controlled reactions, (2) four equilibrium-controlled reactions, and (3) a system with two kinetically controlled reactions and two equilibrium-controlled reactions.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/92WR00699","usgsCitation":"Friedly, J.C., and Rubin, J., 1992, Solute transport with multiple equilibrium-controlled or kinetically controlled chemical reactions: Water Resources Research, v. 28, no. 7, p. 1935-1953, https://doi.org/10.1029/92WR00699.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"1935","endPage":"1953","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338057,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d38d60e4b0236b68f98f5e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Friedly, John C.","contributorId":189678,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Friedly","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rubin, Jacob","contributorId":23918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubin","given":"Jacob","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5222285,"text":"5222285 - 1992 - Feeding flights of breeding double-crested cormorants at two Wisconsin colonies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-21T12:36:03","indexId":"5222285","displayToPublicDate":"1992-06-16T12:18:05","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2284,"text":"Journal of Field Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Feeding flights of breeding double-crested cormorants at two Wisconsin colonies","docAbstract":"Unmarked Double-crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) (n = 523) were followed by airplane from Cat Island and Spider Island, two nesting colonies in Wisconsin, to their first landing site. Cormorants flew an average of 2.0 km from Cat Island (maximum 40 km) and 2.4 km from Spider Island (maximum12 km). The mean direction of landing sites differed seasonally for fights from Spider Island, but not from Cat Island. Cormorants generally landed in Green Bay or Lake Michigan (>99%) and rarely landed in inland lakes or ponds. The most frequent (> 80%) water depth at landing sites for each colony was < 9,1 m. Water depths >9.l m were used less frequently than available within the maximum observed flight distance for each colony. The average flight speed for cormorants was 61 km/h.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","usgsCitation":"Custer, T., and Bunck, C., 1992, Feeding flights of breeding double-crested cormorants at two Wisconsin colonies: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 63, no. 2, p. 203-211.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"203","endPage":"211","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197537,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":16377,"rank":300,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/4513692","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","county":"Door","otherGeospatial":"Spider Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.20123291015625,\n 45.20236064717846\n ],\n [\n -87.03712463378906,\n 45.08515722028692\n ],\n [\n -86.73088073730469,\n 45.41194838064267\n ],\n [\n -86.8194580078125,\n 45.44134445115735\n ],\n [\n -87.04055786132812,\n 45.4379719091347\n ],\n [\n -87.20123291015625,\n 45.20236064717846\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"63","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a13d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Custer, T. W. 0000-0003-3170-6519","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3170-6519","contributorId":91802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Custer","given":"T. W.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":335983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bunck, C.","contributorId":68681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunck","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":76,"text":"76 - 1992 - Global hypocenter data base","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-04T11:54:24","indexId":"76","displayToPublicDate":"1992-06-01T11:53:07","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Global hypocenter data base","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","doi":"10.3133/76","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1992, Global hypocenter data base (Version 2.0.), 1 computer laser optical disk, https://doi.org/10.3133/76.","productDescription":"1 computer laser optical disk","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":291601,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"Version 2.0.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e09e57e4b0beb42bdca42b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":527170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}