{"pageNumber":"1750","pageRowStart":"43725","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184660,"records":[{"id":70004958,"text":"fs20113059 - 2011 - Geographic science for public and Tribal lands management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:54","indexId":"fs20113059","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-3059","title":"Geographic science for public and Tribal lands management","docAbstract":"There are more than 650 million acres of U.S. public and Tribal lands, most found west of the Mississippi River. Scientists with the U.S. Geological Survey's Western Geographic Science Center are working to increase the scientific information available for natural resource decision making, while continuing productive collaborations with Federal land managers, Tribal leaders, and local communities.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20113059","usgsCitation":"Torregrosa, A.A., 2011, Geographic science for public and Tribal lands management: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2011-3059, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20113059.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116186,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2011_3059.gif"},{"id":24442,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2011/3059/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a905f","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Hendley, James W. jhendley@usgs.gov","contributorId":112424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hendley","given":"James","email":"jhendley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":508271,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Torregrosa, Alicia A. 0000-0001-7361-2241 atorregrosa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7361-2241","contributorId":3471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torregrosa","given":"Alicia","email":"atorregrosa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70004605,"text":"70004605 - 2011 - Geology and geochemistry of volcanic centers within the eastern half of the Sonoma volcanic field, northern San Francisco Bay region, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-25T21:56:02.954513","indexId":"70004605","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geology and geochemistry of volcanic centers within the eastern half of the Sonoma volcanic field, northern San Francisco Bay region, California","docAbstract":"<div class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \"><p>Volcanic rocks in the Sonoma volcanic field in the northern California Coast Ranges contain heterogeneous assemblages of a variety of compositionally diverse volcanic rocks. We have used field mapping, new and existing age determinations, and 343 new major and trace element analyses of whole-rock samples from lavas and tuff to define for the first time volcanic source areas for many parts of the Sonoma volcanic field. Geophysical data and models have helped to define the thickness of the volcanic pile and the location of caldera structures. Volcanic rocks of the Sonoma volcanic field show a broad range in eruptive style that is spatially variable and specific to an individual eruptive center. Major, minor, and trace-element geochemical data for intracaldera and outflow tuffs and their distal fall equivalents suggest caldera-related sources for the Pinole and Lawlor Tuffs in southern Napa Valley and for the tuff of Franz Valley in northern Napa Valley. Stratigraphic correlations based on similarity in eruptive sequence and style coupled with geochemical data allow an estimate of 30 km of right-lateral offset across the West Napa-Carneros fault zones since ∼5 Ma.</p><p>The volcanic fields in the California Coast Ranges north of San Francisco Bay are temporally and spatially associated with the northward migration of the Mendocino triple junction and the transition from subduction and associated arc volcanism to a slab window tectonic environment. Our geochemical analyses from the Sonoma volcanic field highlight the geochemical diversity of these volcanic rocks, allowing us to clearly distinguish these volcanic rocks from those of the roughly coeval ancestral Cascades magmatic arc to the west, and also to compare rocks of the Sonoma volcanic field to rocks from other slab window settings.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","doi":"10.1130/GES00625.1","usgsCitation":"Sweetkind, D., Rytuba, J.J., Langenheim, V., and Fleck, R.J., 2011, Geology and geochemistry of volcanic centers within the eastern half of the Sonoma volcanic field, northern San Francisco Bay region, California: Geosphere, v. 7, no. 3, p. 629-657, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES00625.1.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"629","endPage":"657","numberOfPages":"29","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474959,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges00625.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":204092,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sonoma Volcanic Field","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.92053222656249,\n              38.11727165830543\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.10205078125,\n              38.11727165830543\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.10205078125,\n              38.74551518488265\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.92053222656249,\n              38.74551518488265\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.92053222656249,\n              38.11727165830543\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db6860ea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sweetkind, Donald S.","contributorId":18732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sweetkind","given":"Donald S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rytuba, James J. jrytuba@usgs.gov","contributorId":3043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rytuba","given":"James","email":"jrytuba@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":350836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Langenheim, Victoria E. 0000-0003-2170-5213 zulanger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2170-5213","contributorId":1526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langenheim","given":"Victoria E.","email":"zulanger@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":350835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fleck, Robert J. 0000-0002-3149-8249 fleck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3149-8249","contributorId":1048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleck","given":"Robert","email":"fleck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":350834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70004540,"text":"70004540 - 2011 - Global biodiversity: Indicators of recent declines","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-21T16:24:47.204784","indexId":"70004540","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Global biodiversity: Indicators of recent declines","docAbstract":"<p><span>In 2002, world leaders committed, through the Convention on Biological Diversity, to achieve a significant reduction in the rate of biodiversity loss by 2010. We compiled 31 indicators to report on progress toward this target. Most indicators of the state of biodiversity (covering species’ population trends, extinction risk, habitat extent and condition, and community composition) showed declines, with no significant recent reductions in rate, whereas indicators of pressures on biodiversity (including resource consumption, invasive alien species, nitrogen pollution, overexploitation, and climate change impacts) showed increases. Despite some local successes and increasing responses (including extent and biodiversity coverage of protected areas, sustainable forest management, policy responses to invasive alien species, and biodiversity-related aid), the rate of biodiversity loss does not appear to be slowing.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1126/science.1187512","usgsCitation":"Butchart, S.H., Walpole, M., Collen, B., Van Strien, A., Scharlemann, J.P., Almond, R., Baillie, J.E., Bomhard, B., Brown, C., Bruno, J., Carpenter, K.E., Carr, G.M., Chanson, J., Chenery, A.M., Csirke, J., Davidson, N.C., Dentener, F., Foster, M., Galli, A., Galloway, J., Genovesi, P., Gregory, R., Hockings, M., Kapos, V., Lamarque, J., Leverington, F., Loh, J., McGeoch, M.A., McRae, L., Minasyan, A., Morcillo, M.H., Oldfield, T.E., Pauly, D., Quader, S., Revenga, C., Sauer, J., Skolnik, B., Spear, D., Stanwell-Smith, D., Stuart, S.N., Symes, A., Tierney, M., Tyrrell, T.D., Vie, J., and Watson, R., 2011, Global biodiversity: Indicators of recent declines: Science, v. 328, no. 5982, p. 1164-1168, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1187512.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"1164","endPage":"1168","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204093,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"328","issue":"5982","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abee4b07f02db674d1a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Butchart, Stuart H.M.","contributorId":82989,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butchart","given":"Stuart","email":"","middleInitial":"H.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walpole, 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,{"id":70004941,"text":"fs20113069 - 2011 - Changes in water levels and storage in the High Plains Aquifer, predevelopment to 2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:41","indexId":"fs20113069","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-3069","title":"Changes in water levels and storage in the High Plains Aquifer, predevelopment to 2009","docAbstract":"The High Plains aquifer underlies 111.8 million acres (175,000 square miles) in parts of eight States - Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming. The area overlying the High Plains aquifer is one of the primary agricultural regions in the Nation. Water-level declines began in parts of the High Plains aquifer soon after the onset of substantial irrigation with groundwater from the aquifer (about 1950 and termed \"predevelopment\" in this fact sheet). By 1980, water levels in the High Plains aquifer in parts of Texas, Oklahoma, and southwestern Kansas had declined more than 100 feet (ft) (Luckey and others, 1981). In 1987, in response to declining water levels, Congress directed the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in collaboration with numerous Federal, State, and local water-resources entities, to assess and track water-level changes in the aquifer. This fact sheet summarizes changes in water levels and drainable water in storage in the High Plains aquifer from predevelopment to 2009. Drainable water in storage is the fraction of water in the aquifer that will drain by gravity and can be withdrawn by wells. The remaining water in the aquifer is held to the aquifer material by capillary forces and generally cannot be withdrawn by wells. Drainable water in storage is termed \"water in storage\" in this report. A companion USGS report presents more detailed and technical information about water-level and storage changes in the High Plains aquifer during this period (McGuire, 2011).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20113069","usgsCitation":"McGuire, V., 2011, Changes in water levels and storage in the High Plains Aquifer, predevelopment to 2009: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2011-3069, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20113069.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116155,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2011_3069.jpg"},{"id":24432,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2011/3069/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado;Kansas;Nebraska;New Mexico;Oklahoma;South Dakota;Texas;Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"High Plains Aquifer","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -106,31.5 ], [ -106,44 ], [ -96,44 ], [ -96,31.5 ], [ -106,31.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e6921","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGuire, V. L. 0000-0002-3962-4158","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3962-4158","contributorId":94702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"V. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70004944,"text":"sir20115095 - 2011 - Development of a precipitation-runoff model to simulate unregulated streamflow in the South Fork Flathead River Basin, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:41","indexId":"sir20115095","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5095","title":"Development of a precipitation-runoff model to simulate unregulated streamflow in the South Fork Flathead River Basin, Montana","docAbstract":"This report documents the development of a precipitation-runoff model for the South Fork Flathead River Basin, Mont. The Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System model, developed in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation, can be used to simulate daily mean unregulated streamflow upstream and downstream from Hungry Horse Reservoir for water-resources planning. Two input files are required to run the model. The time-series data file contains daily precipitation data and daily minimum and maximum air-temperature data from climate stations in and near the South Fork Flathead River Basin. The parameter file contains values of parameters that describe the basin topography, the flow network, the distribution of the precipitation and temperature data, and the hydrologic characteristics of the basin soils and vegetation.\r\n\r\nA primary-parameter file was created for simulating streamflow during the study period (water years 1967-2005). The model was calibrated for water years 1991-2005 using the primary-parameter file. This calibration was further refined using snow-covered area data for water years 2001-05. The model then was tested for water years 1967-90. Calibration targets included mean monthly and daily mean unregulated streamflow upstream from Hungry Horse Reservoir, mean monthly unregulated streamflow downstream from Hungry Horse Reservoir, basin mean monthly solar radiation and potential evapotranspiration, and daily snapshots of basin snow-covered area. \r\n\r\nSimulated streamflow generally was in better agreement with observed streamflow at the upstream gage than at the downstream gage. Upstream from the reservoir, simulated mean annual streamflow was within 0.0 percent of observed mean annual streamflow for the calibration period and was about 2 percent higher than observed mean annual streamflow for the test period. Simulated mean April-July streamflow upstream from the reservoir was about 1 percent lower than observed streamflow for the calibration period and about 4 percent higher than observed for the test period. Downstream from the reservoir, simulated mean annual streamflow was 17 percent lower than observed streamflow for the calibration period and 12 percent lower than observed streamflow for the test period. Simulated mean April-July streamflow downstream from the reservoir was 13 percent lower than observed streamflow for the calibration period and 6 percent lower than observed streamflow for the test period. \r\n\r\nCalibrating to solar radiation, potential evapotranspiration, and snow-covered area improved the model representation of evapotranspiration, snow accumulation, and snowmelt processes. Simulated basin mean monthly solar radiation values for both the calibration and test periods were within 9 percent of observed values except during the month of December (28 percent different). Simulated basin potential evapotranspiration values for both the calibration and test periods were within 10 percent of observed values except during the months of January (100 percent different) and February (13 percent different). The larger percent errors in simulated potential evaporation occurred in the winter months when observed potential evapotranspiration values were very small; in January the observed value was 0.000 inches and in February the observed value was 0.009 inches. Simulated start of melting of the snowpack occurred at about the same time as observed start of melting. The simulated snowpack accumulated to 90-100 percent snow-covered area 1 to 3 months earlier than observed snowpack. This overestimated snowpack during the winter corresponded to underestimated streamflow during the same period. \r\n\r\nIn addition to the primary-parameter file, four other parameter files were created: for a \"recent\" period (1991-2005), a historical period (1967-90), a \"wet\" period (1989-97), and a \"dry\" period (1998-2005). For each data file of projected precipitation and air temperature, a single parameter file can be used to simulate a s","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115095","usgsCitation":"Chase, K., 2011, Development of a precipitation-runoff model to simulate unregulated streamflow in the South Fork Flathead River Basin, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5095, viii, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115095.","productDescription":"viii, 38 p.","costCenters":[{"id":400,"text":"Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116156,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5095.gif"},{"id":24435,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5095/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"100000","country":"United States","state":"Montana;Idaho","otherGeospatial":"South Fork Flathead River Basin;Hungry Horse Reservoir;Clark Fort Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116,45 ], [ -116,49 ], [ -111,49 ], [ -111,45 ], [ -116,45 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9be4b07f02db65e459","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chase, K.J.","contributorId":43093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chase","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70004945,"text":"fs20113064 - 2011 - Kilauea— An explosive volcano in Hawai‘i","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-29T21:14:49.225623","indexId":"fs20113064","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-3064","displayTitle":"Kīlauea— An explosive volcano in Hawai‘i","title":"Kilauea— An explosive volcano in Hawai‘i","docAbstract":"K&#299;lauea Volcano on the Island of Hawai&#8216;i, though best known for its frequent quiet eruptions of lava flows, has erupted explosively many times in its history - most recently in 2011. At least six such eruptions in the past 1,500 years sent ash into the jet stream, at the cruising altitudes for today's aircraft. The eruption of 1790 remains the most lethal eruption known from a U.S. volcano. However, the tendency of K&#299;lauea's 2 million annual visitors is to forget this dangerous potential. Cooperative research by scientists of the U.S. Geological Survey, Smithsonian Institution, and University of Hawai&#8216;i is improving our understanding of K&#299;lauea's explosive past and its potential for future violent eruptions.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20113064","usgsCitation":"Swanson, D., Fiske, D., Rose, T., Houghton, B.F., and Mastin, L., 2011, Kilauea— An explosive volcano in Hawai‘i: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2011-3064, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20113064.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":389999,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_95333.htm"},{"id":116147,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2011_3064.gif"},{"id":24436,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2011/3064/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":341655,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2011/3064/fs2011-3064.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","otherGeospatial":"Kīlauea Volcano","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -155.33333333333334,19.166666666666668 ], [ -155.33333333333334,19.5 ], [ -154.75,19.5 ], [ -154.75,19.166666666666668 ], [ -155.33333333333334,19.166666666666668 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b48b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swanson, Donald A. 0000-0002-1680-3591 donswan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1680-3591","contributorId":3137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Donald A.","email":"donswan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":351699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fiske, Dick","contributorId":47899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fiske","given":"Dick","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rose, Tim","contributorId":77649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"Tim","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Houghton, Bruce F. 0000-0002-7532-9770","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7532-9770","contributorId":140077,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Houghton","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":6977,"text":"University of Hawai`i at Hilo","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":13351,"text":"University of Hawaii Cooperative Studies Unit","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":351703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mastin, Larry","contributorId":36124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mastin","given":"Larry","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70004943,"text":"ofr20111071 - 2011 - Liquefaction and other ground failures in Imperial County, California, from the April 4, 2010, El Mayor-Cucapah earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:58","indexId":"ofr20111071","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1071","title":"Liquefaction and other ground failures in Imperial County, California, from the April 4, 2010, El Mayor-Cucapah earthquake","docAbstract":"The Colorado River Delta region of southern Imperial Valley, California, and Mexicali Valley, Baja California, is a tectonically dynamic area characterized by numerous active faults and frequent large seismic events. Significant earthquakes that have been accompanied by surface fault rupture and/or soil liquefaction occurred in this region in 1892 (M7.1), 1915 (M6.3; M7.1), 1930 (M5.7), 1940 (M6.9), 1950 (M5.4), 1957 (M5.2), 1968 (6.5), 1979 (6.4), 1980 (M6.1), 1981 (M5.8), and 1987 (M6.2; M6.8). Following this trend, the M7.2 El Mayor-Cucapah earthquake of April 4, 2010, ruptured approximately 120 kilometers along several known faults in Baja California. \r\n\r\nLiquefaction caused by the M7.2 El Mayor-Cucapah earthquake was widespread throughout the southern Imperial Valley but concentrated in the southwest corner of the valley, southwest of the city centers of Calexico and El Centro where ground motions were highest. Although there are few strong motion recordings in the very western part of the area, the recordings that do exist indicate that ground motions were on the order of 0.3 to 0.6g where the majority of liquefaction occurrences were found. More distant liquefaction occurrences, at Fites Road southwest of Brawley and along Rosita Canal northwest of Holtville were triggered where ground motions were about 0.2 g. \r\n\r\nDamage to roads was associated mainly with liquefaction of sandy river deposits beneath bridge approach fills, and in some cases liquefaction within the fills. Liquefaction damage to canal and drain levees was not always accompanied by vented sand, but the nature of the damage leads the authors to infer that liquefaction was involved in the majority of observed cases. Liquefaction-related damage to several public facilities - Calexico Waste Water Treatment Plant, Fig Lagoon levee system, and Sunbeam Lake Dam in particular - appears to be extensive. The cost to repair these facilities to prevent future liquefaction damage will likely be prohibitive. As such, it is likely that liquefaction will recur at these facilities during the next large earthquake in this area.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111071","usgsCitation":"McCrink, T.P., Pridmore, C.L., Tinsley, J., Sickler, R.R., Brandenberg, S.J., and Stewart, J.P., 2011, Liquefaction and other ground failures in Imperial County, California, from the April 4, 2010, El Mayor-Cucapah earthquake: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1071, Pamphlet: x, 81 p.; Appendices; 1 Plate - Plate 1: 42 x 44 inches; Table; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111071.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: x, 81 p.; Appendices; 1 Plate - Plate 1: 42 x 44 inches; Table; Downloads Directory","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":379,"text":"Menlo Park Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116151,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1071.gif"},{"id":24434,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1071/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States;Mexico","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"New River;Alamo River;Imperial Valley;El Mayor;Sierra Cucapah","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.25,31 ], [ -116.25,33.5 ], [ -113.75,33.5 ], [ -113.75,31 ], [ -116.25,31 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4fca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCrink, Timothy P.","contributorId":92408,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCrink","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":7099,"text":"Calif. Geol. Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":351696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pridmore, Cynthia L.","contributorId":39502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pridmore","given":"Cynthia","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tinsley, John C. III jtinsley@usgs.gov","contributorId":3266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tinsley","given":"John C.","suffix":"III","email":"jtinsley@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":351693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sickler, Robert R. 0000-0002-9141-625X rsickler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9141-625X","contributorId":3235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sickler","given":"Robert","email":"rsickler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brandenberg, Scott J.","contributorId":49478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brandenberg","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stewart, Jonathan P.","contributorId":100110,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stewart","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":7081,"text":"University of California - Los Angeles","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":351697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70004942,"text":"sir20115089 - 2011 - Water-level changes in the High Plains aquifer, predevelopment to 2009, 2007-08, and 2008-09, and change in water in storage, predevelopment to 2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:41","indexId":"sir20115089","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5089","title":"Water-level changes in the High Plains aquifer, predevelopment to 2009, 2007-08, and 2008-09, and change in water in storage, predevelopment to 2009","docAbstract":"The High Plains aquifer underlies 111.8 million acres (175,000 square miles) in parts of eight States - Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming. Water-level declines began in parts of the High Plains aquifer soon after the beginning of substantial irrigation with groundwater in the aquifer area. This report presents water-level changes in the High Plains aquifer from the time before substantial groundwater irrigation development had occurred (about 1950 and termed \"predevelopment\" in this report) to 2009, from 2007-08, and from 2008-09. The report also presents change in water in storage in the aquifer, from predevelopment to 2009.  Ninety-nine percent of the water-level changes from predevelopment to 2009 ranged from a rise of 41 feet to a decline of 178 feet. The area-weighted, average water-level changes in the aquifer were a decline of 14.0 feet from predevelopment to 2009, a decline of 0.1 foot from 2007-08, and a decline of 0.3 foot from 2008-09. Total water in storage in the aquifer in 2009 was about 2.9 billion acre-feet, which was a decline of about 274 million acre-feet since predevelopment.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115089","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Groundwater Resources Program","usgsCitation":"McGuire, V., 2011, Water-level changes in the High Plains aquifer, predevelopment to 2009, 2007-08, and 2008-09, and change in water in storage, predevelopment to 2009: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5089, viii, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115089.","productDescription":"viii, 13 p.","costCenters":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116152,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5089.jpg"},{"id":24433,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5089/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"2000000","country":"United States","state":"Colorado;Kansas;Nebraska;New Mexico;Oklahoma;South Dakota;Texas;Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"High Plains","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -106,31.5 ], [ -106,44 ], [ -96,44 ], [ -96,31.5 ], [ -106,31.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e8e4b07f02db5e8f3e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGuire, V. L. 0000-0002-3962-4158","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3962-4158","contributorId":94702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"V. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70004948,"text":"ofr20111114 - 2011 - Fort Collins Science Center fiscal year 2010 science accomplishments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:54","indexId":"ofr20111114","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1114","title":"Fort Collins Science Center fiscal year 2010 science accomplishments","docAbstract":"The scientists and technical professionals at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Fort Collins Science Center (FORT), apply their diverse ecological, socioeconomic, and technological expertise to investigate complicated ecological problems confronting managers of the Nation's biological resources. FORT works closely with U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI) agency scientists, the academic community, other USGS science centers, and many other partners to provide critical information needed to help answer complex natural-resource management questions. In Fiscal Year 2010 (FY10), FORT's scientific and technical professionals conducted ongoing, expanded, and new research vital to the science needs and management goals of DOI, other Federal and State agencies, and nongovernmental organizations in the areas of aquatic systems and fisheries, climate change, data and information integration and management, invasive species, science support, security and technology, status and trends of biological resources (including the socioeconomic aspects), terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems, and wildlife resources, including threatened and endangered species. This report presents selected FORT science accomplishments for FY10 by the specific USGS mission area or science program with which each task is most closely associated, though there is considerable overlap. The report also includes all FORT publications and other products published in FY10, as well as staff accomplishments, appointments, committee assignments, and invited presentations.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111114","usgsCitation":"Wilson, J.T., 2011, Fort Collins Science Center fiscal year 2010 science accomplishments: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1114, v, 62 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111114.","productDescription":"v, 62 p.","startPage":"i","endPage":"62","numberOfPages":"67","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2009-10-01","temporalEnd":"2010-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116169,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1114.gif"},{"id":24438,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1114/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae35b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Juliette T.","contributorId":86439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Juliette","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70004893,"text":"cir1368 - 2011 - Development of industrial minerals in Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:12:00","indexId":"cir1368","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1368","title":"Development of industrial minerals in Colorado","docAbstract":"Technology and engineering have helped make mining safer and cleaner for both humans and the environment. Inevitably, mineral development entails costs as well as benefits. Developing a mine is an environmental, engineering, and planning challenge that must conform to many Federal, State, and local regulations. Community collaboration, creative design, and best management practices of sustainability and biodiversity can be positive indicators for the mining industry. A better understanding of aesthetics, culture, economics, geology, climate, vegetation and wildlife, topography, historical significance, and regional land planning is important in resolving land-use issues and managing mineral resources wisely. Ultimately, the consuming public makes choices about product use (including water, food, highways, housing, and thousands of other items) that influence operations of the mineral industry. Land planners, resource managers, earth scientists, designers, and public groups have a responsibility to consider sound scientific information, society's needs, and community appeals in making smart decisions concerning resource use and how complex landscapes should change. \n\nAn effort to provide comprehensive geosciences data for land management agencies in central Colorado was undertaken in 2003 by scientists of the U.S. Geological Survey and the Colorado Geological Survey. This effort, the Central Colorado Assessment Project, addressed a variety of land-use issues: an understanding of the availability of industrial and metallic rocks and minerals, the geochemical and environmental effects of historic mining activity on surface water and groundwater, and the geologic controls on the availability and quality of groundwater. \n\nThe USDA Forest Service and other land management agencies have the opportunity to contribute to the sustainable management of natural aggregate and other mineral resources through the identification and selective development of mineral resources and the reclamation of mines on lands that they administer. The information in this Circular will help them carry out that task.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/cir1368","usgsCitation":"Arbogast, B.F., Knepper, D.H., Langer, W.H., Cappa, J.A., Keller, J.W., Widmann, B.L., Ellefsen, K.J., Klein, T.L., Lucius, J.E., and Dersch, J.S., 2011, Development of industrial minerals in Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1368, vii, 87 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1368.","productDescription":"vii, 87 p.","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116164,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/cir_1368.gif"},{"id":24427,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1368/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -107,37 ], [ -107,41 ], [ -104.5,41 ], [ -104.5,37 ], [ -107,37 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9be4b07f02db65de9f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arbogast, Belinda F.","contributorId":89124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arbogast","given":"Belinda","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knepper, Daniel H. dknepper@usgs.gov","contributorId":1242,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knepper","given":"Daniel","email":"dknepper@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":351610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Langer, William H. blanger@usgs.gov","contributorId":1241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langer","given":"William","email":"blanger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":351609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cappa, James A.","contributorId":47844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cappa","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Keller, John W.","contributorId":48687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keller","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Widmann, Beth L.","contributorId":104613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Widmann","given":"Beth","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ellefsen, Karl J. 0000-0003-3075-4703 ellefsen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3075-4703","contributorId":789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellefsen","given":"Karl","email":"ellefsen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":82803,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":351607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Klein, Terry L. tklein@usgs.gov","contributorId":1244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klein","given":"Terry","email":"tklein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lucius, Jeffrey E. lucius@usgs.gov","contributorId":817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lucius","given":"Jeffrey","email":"lucius@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":351608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Dersch, John S.","contributorId":89500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dersch","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70004935,"text":"ofr20111178 - 2011 - Evaluation of angler effort and harvest of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), Lake Scanewa, Washington, 2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:59","indexId":"ofr20111178","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1178","title":"Evaluation of angler effort and harvest of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), Lake Scanewa, Washington, 2010","docAbstract":"A creel evaluation was conducted in Lake Scanewa, a reservoir on the Cowlitz River, to monitor catch rates of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and determine if the trout fishery was having negative impacts on juvenile anadromous salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) in the system. The trout fishery, which is supported by releases of 20,000 fish (2 fish per pound) per year from June to August, was developed to mitigate for the construction of the Cowlitz Falls Dam in 1994. The trout fishery has a target catch rate of at least 0.50 fish per hour. Interviews with 1,214 anglers during the creel evaluation found that most anglers targeted rainbow trout (52 percent) or Chinook and coho salmon (48 percent). The interviewed anglers caught a total of 1,866 fish, most of which were rainbow trout (1,213 fish; 78 percent) or coho salmon (311 fish; 20 percent). We estimated that anglers spent 17,365 hours fishing in Lake Scanewa from June to November 2010. Catch rates for boat anglers (1.39 fish per hour) exceeded the 0.50 fish per hour target, whereas catch rates for shore anglers (0.35 fish per hour) fell short of the goal. The combined catch rates for all trout anglers in the reservoir were 0.96 fish per hour. We estimated that anglers harvested 7,584 (95 percent confidence interval = 2,795-12,372 fish) rainbow trout during the study period and boat anglers caught more fish than shore anglers (5,975 and 1,609 fish, respectively). This estimate suggests that more than 12,000 of the 20,000 rainbow trout released into Lake Scanewa during 2010 were not harvested, and could negatively impact juvenile salmon in the reservoir through predation or competition. We examined 1,236 stomach samples from rainbow trout and found that 2.1 percent (26 fish) of these samples contained juvenile fish. Large trout (greater than 300 millimeters) had a higher incidence of predation than small trout (less than 300 millimeters; 8.50 and 0.06 percent, respectively). A total of 39 fish were found in rainbow trout stomachs and 13 (33 percent) of these were juvenile salmon. These data and uncertainties associated with movement patterns and survival rates of rainbow trout in Lake Scanewa suggest that future evaluations would be helpful to better understand the potential effects of the mitigation trout fishery on juvenile salmon in the reservoir.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111178","usgsCitation":"Liedtke, T.L., Kock, T.J., Ekstrom, B.K., Tomka, R.G., and Rondorf, D.W., 2011, Evaluation of angler effort and harvest of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), Lake Scanewa, Washington, 2010: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1178, iv, 12 p.; Figures; Tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111178.","productDescription":"iv, 12 p.; Figures; Tables","startPage":"i","endPage":"24","numberOfPages":"28","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116163,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1178.bmp"},{"id":24425,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1178/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Lake Scanewa","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.10194444444444,46.45027777777778 ], [ -122.10194444444444,46.50083333333333 ], [ -122.00194444444445,46.50083333333333 ], [ -122.00194444444445,46.45027777777778 ], [ -122.10194444444444,46.45027777777778 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db625794","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liedtke, Theresa L. 0000-0001-6063-9867 tliedtke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6063-9867","contributorId":2999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liedtke","given":"Theresa","email":"tliedtke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kock, Tobias J. 0000-0001-8976-0230 tkock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8976-0230","contributorId":3038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kock","given":"Tobias","email":"tkock@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ekstrom, Brian K. 0000-0002-1162-1780 bekstrom@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1162-1780","contributorId":3704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ekstrom","given":"Brian","email":"bekstrom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tomka, Ryan G. 0000-0003-1078-6089 rtomka@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1078-6089","contributorId":3706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tomka","given":"Ryan","email":"rtomka@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rondorf, Dennis W. drondorf@usgs.gov","contributorId":2970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rondorf","given":"Dennis","email":"drondorf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70004937,"text":"ofr20111172 - 2011 - Habitat diversity in the Northeastern Gulf of Mexico: Selected video clips from the Gulfstream Natural Gas Pipeline digital archive","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:59","indexId":"ofr20111172","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1172","title":"Habitat diversity in the Northeastern Gulf of Mexico: Selected video clips from the Gulfstream Natural Gas Pipeline digital archive","docAbstract":"This project combines underwater video with maps and descriptions to illustrate diverse seafloor habitats from Tampa Bay, Florida, to Mobile Bay, Alabama. A swath of seafloor was surveyed with underwater video to 100 meters (m) water depth in 1999 and 2000 as part of the Gulfstream Natural Gas System Survey. \r\n\r\nThe U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in St. Petersburg, Florida, in cooperation with Eckerd College and the Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP), produced an archive of analog-to-digital underwater movies. Representative clips of seafloor habitats were selected from hundreds of hours of underwater footage. The locations of video clips were mapped to show the distribution of habitat and habitat transitions. \r\n\r\nThe numerous benthic habitats in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico play a vital role in the region's economy, providing essential resources for tourism, natural gas, recreational water sports (fishing, boating, scuba diving), materials, fresh food, energy, a source of sand for beach renourishment, and more. These submerged natural resources are important to the economy but are often invisible to the general public. \r\n\r\nThis product provides a glimpse of the seafloor with sample underwater video, maps, and habitat descriptions. It was developed to depict the range and location of seafloor habitats in the region but is limited by depth and by the survey track. It should not be viewed as comprehensive, but rather as a point of departure for inquiries and appreciation of marine resources and seafloor habitats. Further information is provided in the Resources section.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111172","usgsCitation":"Raabe, E.A., D’Anjou, R., Pope, D.K., and Robbins, L.L., 2011, Habitat diversity in the Northeastern Gulf of Mexico: Selected video clips from the Gulfstream Natural Gas Pipeline digital archive: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1172, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111172.","productDescription":"HTML Document","costCenters":[{"id":600,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg, FL","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116171,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1172.bmp"},{"id":24426,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1172/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida;Alabama;Mississippi;Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Northeastern Gulf Of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -88,27 ], [ -88,30.5 ], [ -82,30.5 ], [ -82,27 ], [ -88,27 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db64940e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Raabe, Ellen A. eraabe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raabe","given":"Ellen","email":"eraabe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"D’Anjou, Robert","contributorId":7827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"D’Anjou","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pope, Domonique K.","contributorId":42339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pope","given":"Domonique","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Robbins, Lisa L. 0000-0003-3681-1094 lrobbins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3681-1094","contributorId":422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"Lisa","email":"lrobbins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70159030,"text":"70159030 - 2011 - Pockmarks: Self-scouring seep features?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-27T15:58:46.444847","indexId":"70159030","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Pockmarks: Self-scouring seep features?","docAbstract":"<p><span>Pockmarks, or seafloor craters, occur worldwide in a variety of geologic settings and are often associated with fluid discharge. The mechanisms responsible for pockmark preservation, and pockmarks? relation to active methane venting are not well constrained. Simple numerical simulations run in 2-and 3-dimensions, and corroborated by flume tank experiments, indicate turbulence may play a role in pockmark maintenance, and, potentially, in pockmark excavation. Morphological analysis of the pockmarks indicates an abundance of flat-bottomed and/or elongated pockmarks. Pockmarks transition into furrows as the bay narrows and tidal flow is enhanced, providing unmistakable evidence of post-formation evolution. We hypothesize that some pockmarks formed from seafloor perturbations (e.g., gas or methane discharge), are1 maintained and gradually modified by vortical flow. This hypothesis provides a mechanism for pockmark preservation and enlargement without active fluid venting, which has implications for the interpretation of seafloor seep features in gas hydrates areas.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Gas Hydrates","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"7th International Conference on Gas Hydrates","conferenceDate":"July 17-21 2011","conferenceLocation":"Edinburgh, Scotland","language":"English","publisher":"ICGH","usgsCitation":"Brothers, L., Kelley, J.T., Belknap, D.F., Barnhardt, W., and Koons, P.O., 2011, Pockmarks: Self-scouring seep features?, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Gas Hydrates, Edinburgh, Scotland, July 17-21 2011, 10 p.","productDescription":"10 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-029671","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309861,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"561e2b38e4b0cdb063e59ce5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brothers, Laura L. lbrothers@usgs.gov","contributorId":4502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brothers","given":"Laura L.","email":"lbrothers@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":577316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kelley, Joseph T.","contributorId":6703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelley","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Belknap, Daniel F.","contributorId":20588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belknap","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barnhardt, Walter A. wbarnhardt@usgs.gov","contributorId":2474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnhardt","given":"Walter A.","email":"wbarnhardt@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":577319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Koons, Peter O.","contributorId":149208,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koons","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70156287,"text":"70156287 - 2011 - A petroleum system model for gas hydrate deposits in northern Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-09T17:51:21.034677","indexId":"70156287","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"A petroleum system model for gas hydrate deposits in northern Alaska","docAbstract":"<p><span>Gas hydrate deposits are common on the North Slope of Alaska around Prudhoe Bay, however the extent of these deposits is unknown outside of this area. As part of a United States Geological Survey (USGS) and the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) gas hydrate research collaboration, well cutting and mud gas samples have been collected and analyzed from mainly industry-drilled wells on the Alaska North Slope for the purpose of prospecting for gas hydrate deposits. On the Alaska North Slope, gas hydrates are now recognized as an element within a petroleum systems approach or TPS (Total Petroleum System). Since 1979, 35 wells have been samples from as far west as Wainwright to Prudhoe Bay in the east. Geochemical studies of known gas hydrate occurrences on the North Slope have shown a link between gas hydrate and more deeply buried conventional oil and gas deposits. Hydrocarbon gases migrate from depth and charge the reservoir rock within the gas hydrate stability zone. It is likely gases migrated into conventional traps as free gas, and were later converted to gas hydrate in response to climate cooling concurrent with permafrost formation. Gas hydrate is known to occur in one of the sampled wells, likely present in 22 others based gas geochemistry and inferred by equivocal gas geochemistry in 11 wells, and absent in one well. Gas migration routes are common in the North Slope and include faults and widespread, continuous, shallowly dipping permeable sand sections that are potentially in communication with deeper oil and gas sources. The application of this model with the geochemical evidence suggests that gas hydrate deposits may be widespread across the North Slope of Alaska.</span></p>","conferenceTitle":"7th International Conference on Gas Hydrates (ICGH)","conferenceDate":"July 17-21, 2011","conferenceLocation":"Edinburgh, Scotland","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Lorenson, T., Collett, T.S., and Wong, F.L., 2011, A petroleum system model for gas hydrate deposits in northern Alaska, 7th International Conference on Gas Hydrates (ICGH), Edinburgh, Scotland, July 17-21, 2011.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":306897,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":306896,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.pet.hw.ac.uk/icgh7/authors3.html#L"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"North Slope","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  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Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":568518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wong, Florence L. 0000-0002-3918-5896 fwong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3918-5896","contributorId":1990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wong","given":"Florence","email":"fwong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":568519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70042170,"text":"70042170 - 2011 - Inter-laboratory comparison of wave velocity measures.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-26T14:49:44","indexId":"70042170","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"Inter-laboratory comparison of wave velocity measures.","docAbstract":"<p>&nbsp;This paper presents an eight-laboratory comparison of compressional and shear wave velocities measured in F110 Ottawa sand. The study was run to quantify the physical property variations one should expect in heterogeneous, multiphase porous materials by separately quantifying the variability inherent in the measurement techniques themselves. Comparative tests were run in which the sand was dry, water-saturated, partially water-saturated, partially ice-saturated and partially hydrate-saturated. Each test illustrates a collection of effects that can be classified as inducing either specimen-based or measurement-based variability. The most significant variability is due to void ratio variations between samples. Heterogeneous pore-fill distributions and differences in measurement techniques also contribute to the observed variability, underscoring the need to provide detailed sample preparation and system calibration information when reporting wave velocities in porous media.&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Gas Hydrates (ICGH 2011)","conferenceTitle":"7th International Conference on Gas Hydrates (ICGH 2011)","conferenceDate":"July 17-21, 2011","language":"English","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Waite, W., Santamarina, J., Rydzy, M., Chong, S., Grozic, J., Hester, K., Howard, J., Kneafsey, T., Lee, J., Nakagawa, S., Priest, J., Reese, E., Koh, H., Sloan, E.D., and Sultaniya, A., 2011, Inter-laboratory comparison of wave velocity measures.","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-029495","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307548,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"UNITED STATES","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55dee333e4b0518e354e0817","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waite, William F. 0000-0002-9436-4109 wwaite@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9436-4109","contributorId":625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waite","given":"William F.","email":"wwaite@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Santamarina, J.C.","contributorId":50283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Santamarina","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":516082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rydzy, M.","contributorId":115175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rydzy","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":516083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chong, S.H.","contributorId":147062,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chong","given":"S.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Grozic, J.L.H.","contributorId":117260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grozic","given":"J.L.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":516085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hester, K.","contributorId":147063,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hester","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":516086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Howard, J.","contributorId":147064,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Howard","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kneafsey, T.J.","contributorId":40330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kneafsey","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":516081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lee, J.Y.","contributorId":20061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"J.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Nakagawa, S.","contributorId":147065,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nakagawa","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Priest, J.","contributorId":147066,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Priest","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Reese, E.","contributorId":147067,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reese","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Koh, H.","contributorId":119302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koh","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Sloan, E. D.","contributorId":8625,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sloan","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Sultaniya, A.","contributorId":147069,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sultaniya","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}}
,{"id":70156778,"text":"70156778 - 2011 - Evidence and biogeochemical implications for glacially-derived sediments in an active margin cold seep","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-22T14:45:49.284852","indexId":"70156778","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Evidence and biogeochemical implications for glacially-derived sediments in an active margin cold seep","docAbstract":"<p><span>Delineating sediment organic matter origins and sediment accumulation rates at gas hydratebearing and hydrocarbon seeps is complicated by the microbial transfer of 13C-depleted and 14Cdepleted methane carbon into sedimentary pools. Sediment 13C and 14C measurements from four cores recovered at Bullseye vent on the northern Cascadia margin are used to identify methane carbon assimilation into different carbon pools. While the total organic carbon (TOC) is mostly unaltered and primarily terrigenous in origin, planktonic foraminifera and the bulk carbonate display evidence of methane overprinting. Mass balance models are applied to determine the extent to which methane overprinting increased the radiocarbon ages of the biogenic foraminifera. The corrected and calibrated foraminifera ages between sediment depths of 70 and 573 cm are from 14.9 to 15.9 ka BP, which coincides with the retreat of the late Quaternary Cordilleran Ice Sheet from Vancouver Island. Uniform TOC _13C values of -24.5 &plusmn; 0.5&permil; from the upper 8 meters of sediment at Bullseye vent suggest all cored material is Pleistocene-derived glacimarine material deposited as the ice edge retreated landward. Bullseye vent is located within an uplifted sediment block isolated from turbidite deposition and has been a site of non-deposition since the ice sheet retreated from the shelf. Biogeochemical implications of seep sediments being dominated by aged, organic-poor (&lt;0.4 wt% TOC) material are that methane is the primary energy source, and microbes directly and indirectly associated with the anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) will dominate the seep microbial community.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Gas Hydrates (ICGH 2011)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"7th International Conference on Gas Hydrates (ICGH 2011)","conferenceDate":"July 17-21, 2011","conferenceLocation":"Edinburgh, Scotland","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Pohlman, J., Riedel, M., Novosel, I., Bauer, J., Canuel, E.A., Paull, C.K., Coffin, R., Grabowski, K.S., Knies, D.L., Hyndman, R.D., and Spence, G.D., 2011, Evidence and biogeochemical implications for glacially-derived sediments in an active margin cold seep, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Gas Hydrates (ICGH 2011), Edinburgh, Scotland, July 17-21, 2011.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"1847","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-029596","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307656,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55e034b9e4b0f42e3d040e0f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pohlman, John W.","contributorId":7642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pohlman","given":"John W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Riedel, Michael","contributorId":7518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riedel","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Novosel, Ivana","contributorId":147128,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Novosel","given":"Ivana","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bauer, James E.","contributorId":100262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bauer","given":"James E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Canuel, Elizabeth A.","contributorId":98604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Canuel","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Paull, Charles K. 0000-0001-5940-3443","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5940-3443","contributorId":55825,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paull","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":7043,"text":"University of North Carolina","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":570496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Coffin, Richard B.","contributorId":36027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coffin","given":"Richard B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Grabowski, Kenneth S.","contributorId":79374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grabowski","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Knies, David L.","contributorId":147129,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knies","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Hyndman, Roy D.","contributorId":26031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hyndman","given":"Roy","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Spence, George D.","contributorId":54066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spence","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70156798,"text":"70156798 - 2011 - Laboratory formation of non-cementing, methane hydrate-bearing sands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-22T14:40:01.013114","indexId":"70156798","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Laboratory formation of non-cementing, methane hydrate-bearing sands","docAbstract":"<p>Naturally occurring hydrate-bearing sands often behave as though methane hydrate is acting as a load-bearing member of the sediment. Mimicking this behavior in laboratory samples with methane hydrate likely requires forming hydrate from methane dissolved in water. To hasten this formation process, we initially form hydrate in a free-gas-limited system, then form additional hydrate by circulating methane-supersaturated water through the sample. Though the dissolved-phase formation process can theoretically be enhanced by increasing the pore pressure and flow rate and lowering the sample temperature, a more fundamental concern is preventing clogs resulting from inadvertent methane bubble formation in the circulation lines. Clog prevention requires careful temperature control throughout the circulation loop.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Gas Hydrates (ICGH 2011)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"7th International Conference on Gas Hydrates (ICGH 2011)","conferenceDate":"July 17-21, 2011","conferenceLocation":"Edinburgh, Scotland","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Waite, W., Bratton, P.M., and Mason, D.H., 2011, Laboratory formation of non-cementing, methane hydrate-bearing sands, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Gas Hydrates (ICGH 2011), Edinburgh, Scotland, July 17-21, 2011, 7 p.","productDescription":"7 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-029079","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311665,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"tableOfContents":"<p><br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></p>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"565446c4e4b071e7ea53d4ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waite, William F. 0000-0002-9436-4109 wwaite@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9436-4109","contributorId":625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waite","given":"William F.","email":"wwaite@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bratton, Peter M.","contributorId":147165,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bratton","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mason, David H. dmason@usgs.gov","contributorId":624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mason","given":"David","email":"dmason@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":570592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70004934,"text":"sir20115094 - 2011 - Rare earth elements: end use and recyclability","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-02-18T10:16:32","indexId":"sir20115094","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5094","title":"Rare earth elements: end use and recyclability","docAbstract":"<p>Rare earth elements are used in mature markets (such as catalysts, glassmaking, lighting, and metallurgy), which account for 59 percent of the total worldwide consumption of rare earth elements, and in newer, high-growth markets (such as battery alloys, ceramics, and permanent magnets), which account for 41 percent of the total worldwide consumption of rare earth elements. In mature market segments, lanthanum and cerium constitute about 80 percent of rare earth elements used, and in new market segments, dysprosium, neodymium, and praseodymium account for about 85 percent of rare earth elements used. Regardless of the end use, rare earth elements are not recycled in large quantities, but could be if recycling became mandated or very high prices of rare earth elements made recycling feasible.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115094","usgsCitation":"Goonan, T.G., 2011, Rare earth elements: end use and recyclability: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5094, iv, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115094.","productDescription":"iv, 15 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116099,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5094.gif"},{"id":24424,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5094/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db6493e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goonan, Thomas G. goonan@usgs.gov","contributorId":2761,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goonan","given":"Thomas","email":"goonan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70006225,"text":"70006225 - 2011 - Design of forest bird monitoring for strategic habitat conservation on Kaua'i Island, Hawai'i","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-04T12:57:02","indexId":"70006225","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-20T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesTitle":{"id":414,"text":"Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":9}},"seriesNumber":"HCSU-022","title":"Design of forest bird monitoring for strategic habitat conservation on Kaua'i Island, Hawai'i","docAbstract":"<p>This report was commissioned by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). The purpose was to develop a monitoring program for Kaua`i forest birds in the USFWS Strategic Habitat Conservation and adaptive management frameworks. Monitoring within those frameworks is a tool to assess resource responses to management and conservation actions, and through an iterative learning process improve our understanding of species recovery, effective management, and knowledge gaps. This report provides only the monitoring component of both frameworks, and we apply the monitoring program to the East Alaka`i Protective Fence Project.</p>\n<p>The East Alaka`i Protective Fence Project is a joint project by the USFWS, State of Hawai`i Division of Forest and Wildlife, Kaua`i Watershed Alliance, and The Nature Conservancy to restore and preserve an 809 ha area of native forest bird habitat through fencing, and ungulate and weed control. The primary purpose of the project is to restore and preserve the habitat that will in turn support abundant and resilient bird populations.</p>\n<p>This report contains:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>A monitoring program specifically developed to track bird distribution, density and demography, and habitat for the East Alaka`i Protective Fence Project;</li>\n<li>A review of the Kaua`i forest bird surveys;</li>\n<li>A description of the current status and trends of Kaua`i forest birds;</li>\n<li>An assessment and evaluation of the current surveys;</li>\n<li>A monitoring program developed to sample bird distribution, density and demography, and habitat at three general levels of spatial scale.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Without the management components described in the East Alaka`i Protective Fence Project and the Revised Recovery Plan for Hawaiian Forest Birds (USFWS 2006) the bird monitoring recommended in this report is little better than surveillance (i.e., monitoring without a link to management). If, however, the proposed management actions are implemented in conjunction with the recommended bird monitoring, then this monitoring program will identify population changes in a timely manner and facilitate identification of the proximate causes of population changes.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"University of Hawaii at Hilo","publisherLocation":"Hilo, HI","usgsCitation":"Camp, R., and Gorresen, P.M., 2011, Design of forest bird monitoring for strategic habitat conservation on Kaua'i Island, Hawai'i: Technical Report HCSU-022, Report: iv, 66 p.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 66 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"66","numberOfPages":"72","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-026359","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326166,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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Marcos mgorresen@usgs.gov","contributorId":3975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gorresen","given":"P.","email":"mgorresen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Marcos","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70004928,"text":"ofr20111166 - 2011 - Environmental flow allocation and statistics calculator","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:41","indexId":"ofr20111166","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1166","title":"Environmental flow allocation and statistics calculator","docAbstract":"The Environmental Flow Allocation and Statistics Calculator (EFASC) is a computer program that calculates hydrologic statistics based on a time series of daily streamflow values. EFASC will calculate statistics for daily streamflow in an input file or will generate synthetic daily flow series from an input file based on rules for allocating and protecting streamflow and then calculate statistics for the synthetic time series. The program reads dates and daily streamflow values from input files. The program writes statistics out to a series of worksheets and text files. Multiple sites can be processed in series as one run. EFASC is written in MicrosoftRegistered Visual BasicCopyright for Applications and implemented as a macro in MicrosoftOffice Excel 2007Registered. EFASC is intended as a research tool for users familiar with computer programming. The code for EFASC is provided so that it can be modified for specific applications. All users should review how output statistics are calculated and recognize that the algorithms may not comply with conventions used to calculate streamflow statistics published by the U.S. Geological Survey.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111166","usgsCitation":"Konrad, C.P., 2011, Environmental flow allocation and statistics calculator: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1166, iii, 20 p.; Appendix; XLSM Download of Environmental Flow Allocation and Statistics Calculator; XLSM Download of Verification File; TXT Download of Verification File, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111166.","productDescription":"iii, 20 p.; Appendix; XLSM Download of Environmental Flow Allocation and Statistics Calculator; XLSM Download of Verification File; TXT Download of Verification File","startPage":"i","endPage":"46","numberOfPages":"49","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116176,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1166.bmp"},{"id":24419,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1166/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a13e4b07f02db602364","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Konrad, Christopher P. 0000-0002-7354-547X cpkonrad@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7354-547X","contributorId":1716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Konrad","given":"Christopher","email":"cpkonrad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70003796,"text":"70003796 - 2011 - Geochemistry of hydrothermal fluids from the PACMANUS, Northeast Pual and Vienna Woods hydrothermal fields, Manus Basin, Papua New Guinea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-25T20:42:18.341299","indexId":"70003796","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemistry of hydrothermal fluids from the PACMANUS, Northeast Pual and Vienna Woods hydrothermal fields, Manus Basin, Papua New Guinea","docAbstract":"<p><span>Processes controlling the composition of seafloor hydrothermal fluids in silicic back-arc or near-arc crustal settings remain poorly constrained despite growing evidence for extensive magmatic–hydrothermal activity in such environments. We conducted a survey of vent fluid compositions from two contrasting sites in the Manus back-arc basin, Papua New Guinea, to examine the influence of variations in host rock composition and magmatic inputs (both a function of arc proximity) on hydrothermal fluid chemistry. Fluid samples were collected from felsic-hosted hydrothermal vent fields located on Pual Ridge (PACMANUS and Northeast (NE) Pual) near the active New Britain Arc and a basalt-hosted vent field (Vienna Woods) located farther from the arc on the Manus Spreading Center. Vienna Woods fluids were characterized by relatively uniform endmember temperatures (273–285</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>°C) and major element compositions, low dissolved CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;concentrations (4.4</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>mmol/kg) and high measured pH (4.2–4.9 at 25</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>°C). Temperatures and compositions were highly variable at PACMANUS/NE Pual and a large, newly discovered vent area (Fenway) was observed to be vigorously venting boiling (358</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>°C) fluid. All PACMANUS fluids are characterized by negative&nbsp;</span><span class=\"math\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-1-Frame\" class=\"MathJax_SVG\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mrow is=&quot;true&quot;><mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot; is=&quot;true&quot;>&amp;#x3B4;</mi><msub is=&quot;true&quot;><mrow is=&quot;true&quot;><mtext is=&quot;true&quot;>D</mtext></mrow><mrow is=&quot;true&quot;><msub is=&quot;true&quot;><mrow is=&quot;true&quot;><mtext is=&quot;true&quot;>H</mtext></mrow><mrow is=&quot;true&quot;><mn is=&quot;true&quot;>2</mn></mrow></msub><mtext is=&quot;true&quot;>O</mtext></mrow></msub></mrow></math>\"><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">δDH<sub>2</sub>O</span></span></span><span>&nbsp;values, in contrast to positive values at Vienna Woods, suggesting substantial magmatic water input to circulating fluids at Pual Ridge. Low measured pH (25</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>°C) values (∼2.6–2.7), high endmember CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;(up to 274</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>mmol/kg) and negative&nbsp;</span><span class=\"math\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-2-Frame\" class=\"MathJax_SVG\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mrow is=&quot;true&quot;><mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot; is=&quot;true&quot;>&amp;#x3B4;</mi><msup is=&quot;true&quot;><mrow is=&quot;true&quot; /><mrow is=&quot;true&quot;><mn is=&quot;true&quot;>34</mn></mrow></msup><msub is=&quot;true&quot;><mrow is=&quot;true&quot;><mtext is=&quot;true&quot;>S</mtext></mrow><mrow is=&quot;true&quot;><msub is=&quot;true&quot;><mrow is=&quot;true&quot;><mtext is=&quot;true&quot;>H</mtext></mrow><mrow is=&quot;true&quot;><mn is=&quot;true&quot;>2</mn></mrow></msub><mtext is=&quot;true&quot;>S</mtext></mrow></msub></mrow></math>\"><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">δ<sup>34</sup>S<sub>H2</sub>S</span></span></span><span>&nbsp;values (down to −2.7‰) in some vent fluids are also consistent with degassing of acid-volatile species from evolved magma. Dissolved CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;at PACMANUS is more enriched in&nbsp;</span><sup>13</sup><span>C (−4.1‰ to −2.3‰) than Vienna Woods (−5.2‰ to −5.7‰), suggesting a contribution of slab-derived carbon. The mobile elements (e.g. Li, K, Rb, Cs and B) are also greatly enriched in PACMANUS fluids reflecting increased abundances in the crust there relative to the Manus Spreading Center. Variations in alkali and dissolved gas abundances with Cl at PACMANUS and NE Pual suggest that phase separation has affected fluid chemistry despite the low temperatures of many vents. In further contrast to Vienna Woods, substantial modification of PACMANUS/NE Pual fluids has taken place as a result of seawater ingress into the upflow zone. Consistently high measured Mg concentrations as well as trends of increasingly non-conservative SO</span><sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;behavior, decreasing endmember Ca/Cl and Sr/Cl ratios with increased Mg indicate extensive subsurface anhydrite deposition is occurring as a result of subsurface seawater entrainment. Decreased pH and endmember Fe/Mn ratios in higher Mg fluids indicate that the associated mixing/cooling gives rise to sulfide deposition and secondary acidity production. Several low temperature (⩽80</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>°C) fluids at PACMANUS/NE Pual also show evidence for anhydrite dissolution and water–rock interaction (fixation of B) subsequent to seawater entrainment. Hence, the evolution of fluid compositions at Pual Ridge reflects the cumulative effects of water/rock interaction, admixing and reaction of fluids exsolved from silicic magma, phase separation/segregation and seawater ingress into upflow zones.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2010.11.008","usgsCitation":"Reeves, E.P., Seewald, J., Saccocia, P., Bach, W., Craddock, P., Shanks, W.C., Sylva, S.P., Walsh, E., Pichler, T., and Rosner, M., 2011, Geochemistry of hydrothermal fluids from the PACMANUS, Northeast Pual and Vienna Woods hydrothermal fields, Manus Basin, Papua New Guinea: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 75, no. 4, p. 1088-1123, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2010.11.008.","productDescription":"36 p.","startPage":"1088","endPage":"1123","numberOfPages":"36","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474962,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://media.suub.uni-bremen.de/handle/elib/8206","text":"External Repository"},{"id":203927,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Papua New Guinea","otherGeospatial":"Manus Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              147.041015625,\n              -6.664607562172573\n            ],\n            [\n              154.3359375,\n              -6.664607562172573\n            ],\n            [\n              154.3359375,\n              -1.1864386394452024\n            ],\n            [\n              147.041015625,\n              -1.1864386394452024\n            ],\n            [\n              147.041015625,\n              -6.664607562172573\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"75","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1fe4b07f02db6aadb2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reeves, Eoghan P.","contributorId":46674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reeves","given":"Eoghan","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Seewald, Jeffrey S.","contributorId":58758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seewald","given":"Jeffrey S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Saccocia, Peter","contributorId":17746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saccocia","given":"Peter","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bach, Wolfgang","contributorId":60365,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bach","given":"Wolfgang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Craddock, Paul R.","contributorId":14100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Craddock","given":"Paul R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Shanks, Wayne C","contributorId":194073,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shanks","given":"Wayne","email":"","middleInitial":"C","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sylva, Sean P.","contributorId":57582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sylva","given":"Sean","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Walsh, Emily","contributorId":60366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walsh","given":"Emily","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Pichler, Thomas","contributorId":97615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pichler","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Rosner, Martin","contributorId":56359,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosner","given":"Martin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70004929,"text":"sir20115080 - 2011 - Simulation of the shallow groundwater-flow system near Mole Lake, Forest County, Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:41","indexId":"sir20115080","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5080","title":"Simulation of the shallow groundwater-flow system near Mole Lake, Forest County, Wisconsin","docAbstract":"The shallow groundwater system near Mole Lake, Forest County, Wis. was simulated using a previously calibrated regional model. The previous model was updated using newly collected water-level measurements and refinements to surface-water features. The updated model was then used to calculate the area contributing recharge for one existing and two proposed pumping locations on lands of the Sokaogon Chippewa Community.\r\n\r\nDelineated 1-, 5-, and 10-year areas contributing recharge for existing and proposed wells extend from the areas of pumping to the northeast of the pumping locations. Steady-state pumping was simulated for two scenarios: a base pumping scenario using pumping rates that reflect what the Tribe expects to pump and a high pumping scenario, in which the rate was set to the maximum expected from wells installed in this area. In the base pumping scenario, pumping rates of 32 gallons per minute (gal/min; 46,000 gallons per day (gal/d)) from the existing well and 30 gal/min (43,000 gal/d) at each of the two proposed wells were simulated. The high pumping scenario simulated a rate of 70 gal/min (101,000 gal/d) from each of the three pumping wells to estimate of the largest areas contributing recharge that might be expected given what is currently known about the shallow groundwater system. The areas contributing recharge for both the base and high pumping scenarios did not intersect any modeled surface-water bodies; however, the high pumping scenario had a larger areal extent than the base pumping scenario and intersected a septic separator.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115080","usgsCitation":"Fienen, M., Juckem, P.F., and Hunt, R.J., 2011, Simulation of the shallow groundwater-flow system near Mole Lake, Forest County, Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5080, vi, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115080.","productDescription":"vi, 10 p.","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116160,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5080.jpg"},{"id":24422,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5080/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","county":"Oneida;Forest;Langlade","otherGeospatial":"Sokaogon Chippewa Community Lands;Mole Lake","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -89.16666666666667,45.166666666666664 ], [ -89.16666666666667,45.833333333333336 ], [ -88.50083333333333,45.833333333333336 ], [ -88.50083333333333,45.166666666666664 ], [ -89.16666666666667,45.166666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48d8e4b07f02db54945f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fienen, Michael N. 0000-0002-7756-4651 mnfienen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7756-4651","contributorId":893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fienen","given":"Michael N.","email":"mnfienen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":351668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Juckem, Paul F. 0000-0002-3613-1761 pfjuckem@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3613-1761","contributorId":1905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Juckem","given":"Paul","email":"pfjuckem@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hunt, Randall J. 0000-0001-6465-9304 rjhunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6465-9304","contributorId":1129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Randall","email":"rjhunt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70004931,"text":"sir20095219 - 2011 - Application of a watershed model (HSPF) for evaluating sources and transport of pathogen indicators in the Chino Basin drainage area, San Bernardino County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:41","indexId":"sir20095219","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5219","title":"Application of a watershed model (HSPF) for evaluating sources and transport of pathogen indicators in the Chino Basin drainage area, San Bernardino County, California","docAbstract":"A watershed model using Hydrologic Simulation Program-FORTRAN (HSPF) was developed for the urbanized Chino Basin in southern California to simulate the transport of pathogen indicator bacteria, evaluate the flow-component and land-use contributions to bacteria contamination and water-quality degradation throughout the basin, and develop a better understanding of the potential effects of climate and land-use change on water quality. The calibration of the model for indicator bacteria was supported by historical data collected before this study and by samples collected by the U.S. Geological Survey from targeted land-use areas during storms in water-year 2004. The model was successfully calibrated for streamflow at 5 gage locations representing the Chino Creek and Mill Creek drainages. Although representing pathogens as dissolved constituents limits the model's ability to simulate the transport of pathogen indicator bacteria, the bacteria concentrations measured over the period 1998-2004 were well represented by the simulated concentrations for most locations. Hourly concentrations were more difficult to predict because of high variability in measured bacteria concentrations. In general, model simulations indicated that the residential and commercial land uses were the dominant sources for most of the pathogen indicator bacteria during low streamflows. However, simulations indicated that land used for intensive livestock (dairies and feedlots) and mixed agriculture contributed the most bacteria during storms. \r\n\r\nThe calibrated model was used to evaluate how various land use, air temperature, and precipitation scenarios would affect flow and transport of bacteria. Results indicated that snow pack formation and melt were sensitive to changes in air temperature in the northern, mountainous part of the Chino Basin, causing the timing and magnitude of streamflow to shift in the natural drainages and impact the urbanized areas of the central Chino Basin. The relation between bacteria concentrations and air temperature was more complicated, and did not substantially affect the quality of water discharging from the Chino Basin into the Santa Ana River. Changes in precipitation had a greater basin-wide affect on bacteria concentrations than changes in air temperature, and varied according to location. Drainages representing natural conditions had a decrease in bacteria concentrations in correlation with an increase in precipitation, whereas drainages in the central and southern part of the Chino Basin had an increase in bacteria concentrations. Drier climate conditions tended to result in higher sensitivity of simulated bacteria concentrations to changes in precipitation. Simulated bacteria concentrations in wetter climates were usually less sensitive to changes in precipitation because bacteria transport becomes more dependent on the land-use specified bacteria loading rates and the storage limits. Bacteria contamination from impervious-area runoff is affected to a greater degree by drier climates, whereas contamination from pervious-area runoff is affected to a greater degree by wetter climates. Model results indicated that the relation between precipitation, runoff, and bacteria contamination is complicated because after the initial bacteria washoff and transport from the land surfaces during the beginning of a storm period, subsequent runoff has fewer bacteria available for washoff, which then dilutes the concentrations of bacteria in the downstream reach. It was illustrated that pathogen indicator bacteria transport depends most significantly on the relation of imperviousness to runoff, which controls the frequency, and often the magnitude, of transport, and on the contribution of higher bacteria loading rates used for pervious land areas, especially intensive feedlots, to the infrequent, but very high, peaks of bacteria contamination.\r\n\r\nThe indicator bacteria transport model for the Chino Basin was based on the assumption that no","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20095219","usgsCitation":"Hevesi, J.A., Flint, L.E., Church, C.D., and Mendez, G.O., 2011, Application of a watershed model (HSPF) for evaluating sources and transport of pathogen indicators in the Chino Basin drainage area, San Bernardino County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5219, xiv, 142 p.; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095219.","productDescription":"xiv, 142 p.; Appendices","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116159,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2009_5219.jpg"},{"id":24423,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5219/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Bernardino County;Orange County;Los Angeles County;Riverside County","otherGeospatial":"Chino Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -119,33 ], [ -119,35 ], [ -116.5,35 ], [ -116.5,33 ], [ -119,33 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac6e4b07f02db67aa97","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hevesi, Joseph A. 0000-0003-2898-1800 jhevesi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2898-1800","contributorId":1507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hevesi","given":"Joseph","email":"jhevesi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flint, Lorraine E. 0000-0002-7868-441X lflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7868-441X","contributorId":1184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Lorraine","email":"lflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Church, Clinton D.","contributorId":8189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Church","given":"Clinton","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mendez, Gregory O. 0000-0002-9955-3726 gomendez@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9955-3726","contributorId":1489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mendez","given":"Gregory","email":"gomendez@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":351672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70003896,"text":"70003896 - 2011 - Genetic landscapes GIS Toolbox: Tools to map patterns of genetic divergence and diversity.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-18T15:37:19.294974","indexId":"70003896","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2776,"text":"Molecular Ecology Resources","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genetic landscapes GIS Toolbox: Tools to map patterns of genetic divergence and diversity.","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Landscape Genetics GIS Toolbox contains tools that run in the Geographic Information System software, ArcGIS</span><sup>®</sup><span>, to map genetic landscapes and to summarize multiple genetic landscapes as average and variance surfaces. These tools can be used to visualize the distribution of genetic diversity across geographic space and to study associations between patterns of genetic diversity and geographic features or other geo‐referenced environmental data sets. Together, these tools create genetic landscape surfaces directly from tables containing genetic distance or diversity data and sample location coordinates, greatly reducing the complexity of building and analyzing these raster surfaces in a Geographic Information System.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1111/j.1755-0998.2010.02904.x","usgsCitation":"Vandergast, A.G., Perry, W.M., Lugo, R.V., and Hathaway, S.A., 2011, Genetic landscapes GIS Toolbox: Tools to map patterns of genetic divergence and diversity.: Molecular Ecology Resources, v. 11, no. 1, p. 158-161, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2010.02904.x.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"158","endPage":"161","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474961,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2010.02904.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":203900,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-08-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6aeb27","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vandergast, Amy G. 0000-0002-7835-6571","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7835-6571","contributorId":97617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vandergast","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":349361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Perry, William M. 0000-0002-6180-8180 wmperry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6180-8180","contributorId":5124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"William","email":"wmperry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":349360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lugo, Roberto V. rlugo@usgs.gov","contributorId":4011,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lugo","given":"Roberto","email":"rlugo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":349359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hathaway, Stacie A. 0000-0002-4167-8059 sahathaway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4167-8059","contributorId":3420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hathaway","given":"Stacie","email":"sahathaway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":349358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70003769,"text":"70003769 - 2011 - Direction of unsaturated flow in a homogeneous and isotropic hillslope","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-21T19:37:13.375745","indexId":"70003769","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Direction of unsaturated flow in a homogeneous and isotropic hillslope","docAbstract":"The distribution of soil moisture in a homogeneous and isotropic hillslope is a transient, variably saturated physical process controlled by rainfall characteristics, hillslope geometry, and the hydrological properties of the hillslope materials. The major driving mechanisms for moisture movement are gravity and gradients in matric potential. The latter is solely controlled by gradients of moisture content. In a homogeneous and isotropic saturated hillslope, absent a gradient in moisture content and under the driving force of gravity with a constant pressure boundary at the slope surface, flow is always in the lateral downslope direction, under either transient or steady state conditions. However, under variably saturated conditions, both gravity and moisture content gradients drive fluid motion, leading to complex flow patterns. In general, the flow field near the ground surface is variably saturated and transient, and the direction of flow could be laterally downslope, laterally upslope, or vertically downward. Previous work has suggested that prevailing rainfall conditions are sufficient to completely control these flow regimes. This work, however, shows that under time-varying rainfall conditions, vertical, downslope, and upslope lateral flow can concurrently occur at different depths and locations within the hillslope. More importantly, we show that the state of wetting or drying in a hillslope defines the temporal and spatial regimes of flow and when and where laterally downslope and/or laterally upslope flow occurs.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC","doi":"10.1029/2010WR010003","usgsCitation":"Lu, N., Kaya, B.S., and Godt, J.W., 2011, Direction of unsaturated flow in a homogeneous and isotropic hillslope: Water Resources Research, v. 47, W02519, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2010WR010003.","productDescription":"W02519, 15 p.","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203977,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-02-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f9844","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lu, Ning","contributorId":191360,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lu","given":"Ning","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12620,"text":"U.S. Army Corp. of Engineers","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":348784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kaya, Basak Sener","contributorId":19277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaya","given":"Basak","email":"","middleInitial":"Sener","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Godt, Jonathan W. 0000-0002-8737-2493 jgodt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8737-2493","contributorId":1166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godt","given":"Jonathan","email":"jgodt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":348782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
]}