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","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Lead poisoning in waterfowl: proceedings of an IWRB workshop: Brussels, Belgium, 13-15 June 1991","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"IWRB Workshop","conferenceDate":"June 13-15, 1991","conferenceLocation":"Brussels, Belgium","language":"English","publisher":"International Waterfowl and Wetlands Research Bureau","publisherLocation":"Slimbridge, United Kingdom","usgsCitation":"Locke, L.N., and Friend, M., 1992, Lead poisoning of avian species other than waterfowl, in Lead poisoning in waterfowl: proceedings of an IWRB workshop: Brussels, Belgium, 13-15 June 1991, Brussels, Belgium, June 13-15, 1991, p. 19-22.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"19","endPage":"22","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298343,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54fec434e4b02419550debce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Locke, Louis N.","contributorId":71233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Locke","given":"Louis","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":541964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Friend, Milton 0000-0002-2882-3629","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2882-3629","contributorId":31332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friend","given":"Milton","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":541965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70016167,"text":"70016167 - 1992 - Ground-water models cannot be validated","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-15T05:32:33","indexId":"70016167","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":664,"text":"Advances in Water Resources","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ground-water models cannot be validated","docAbstract":"Ground-water models are embodiments of scientific hypotheses. As such, the models cannot be proven or validated, but only tested and invalidated. However, model testing and the evaluation of predictive errors lead to improved models and a better understanding of the problem at hand. In applying ground-water models to field problems, errors arise from conceptual deficiencies, numerical errors, and inadequate parameter estimation. Case histories of model applications to the Dakota Aquifer, South Dakota, to bedded salts in New Mexico, and to the upper Coachella Valley, California, illustrate that calibration produces a nonunique solution and that validation, per se, is a futile objective. Although models are definitely valuable tools for analyzing ground-water systems, their predictive accuracy is limited. The terms validation and verification are misleading and their use in ground-water science should be abandoned in favor of more meaningful model-assessment descriptors.
San Francisco Bay has recently been invaded by the suspension-feeding clam Potamocorbula amurensis. Previous work has shown that phytoplankton biomass in the upper estuary is low (2-3 mg Chl a m-3) during seasonal periods of high river flow and short residence time and it is usually high (peak >30 mg Chl a m-3) during the summer-autumn seasons of low river flow and long residence time. However since P. amurensis became widespread and abundant in 1987, the summer phytoplankton biomass maximum has disappeared, presumably because of increased grazing pressure by this newly introduced species. For 1977-1990, mean estimated primary production was only 39 g C m-2 yr-1 during years when bivalve suspension feeders were abundant (>2000 m-2), compared to 106 g C m-2 yr-1 when bivalves were absent or present in low numbers. These observations support the hypothesis that seasonal and interannual fluctuations in estuarine phytoplankton biomass and primary production can be regulated jointly by direct physical effects (eg river-driven transport) and trophic interactions (episodes of enhanced grazing pressure by immigrant populations of benthic suspension feeders). -from Authors
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Limnology and Oceanography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Limnology and Oceanography","usgsCitation":"Alpine, A., and Cloern, J., 1992, Trophic interactions and direct physical effects control phytoplankton biomass and production in an estuary: Limnology and Oceanography, v. 37, no. 5, p. 946-955.","startPage":"946","endPage":"955","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":223454,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":267937,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.aslo.org/lo/toc/vol_37/issue_5/0946.pdf"}],"volume":"37","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb886e4b08c986b3278e2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alpine, A.E.","contributorId":6063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alpine","given":"A.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cloern, J. E.","contributorId":59453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cloern","given":"J. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70171390,"text":"70171390 - 1992 - Evolution of coarse gravel bed forms: Field measurements at flood stage","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-01T09:41:09","indexId":"70171390","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evolution of coarse gravel bed forms: Field measurements at flood stage","docAbstract":"Field measurements to investigate the origin and growth of mesoscale gravel bed forms in deep flows were made in the North Fork Toutle River, Washington. Sonar observations of the gravel streambed at a stationary point were recorded during two storm flows in December 1989 and January 1990 with concurrent bed load sampling and continuous velocity measurements. Mean diameter of bed load was about 3 cm, flow depths were 1.4–2.4 m, and bed shear stresses were 2–5 times the critical stress of mean bed load diameter, as computed from the depth-slope product. These records document the hydrodynamic conditions under which dunelike coarse gravel bed forms were observed. Coarse gravel dunes (height, 20 cm; length, 6–15 m) evolved more than 24 hours after peak stage, primarily by accretion, as inferred from bed form changes revealed in dual sonar records. Dune heights increased to 40 cm as mean trough elevation rose about 50 cm over several hours. Smaller dunes (wavelength, 1–3 m), transitional from bed load sheets, migrated on the backs of the large dunes. The superposed dunes finally became indistinguishable from the large dunes, which diminished in height by increasing the mean level of troughs. Gravel deposition occurred at the observation point in conjunction with migration of gravel dunes. The direct comparison of known bed form regimes and gravel bar facies provides alternative interpretations of gravelly deposits.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/92WR01357","usgsCitation":"Dinehart, R.L., 1992, Evolution of coarse gravel bed forms: Field measurements at flood stage: Water Resources Research, v. 28, no. 10, p. 2667-2689, https://doi.org/10.1029/92WR01357.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"2667","endPage":"2689","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321871,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574eb5c6e4b0ee97d51a83b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dinehart, Randy L.","contributorId":68341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dinehart","given":"Randy","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1008491,"text":"1008491 - 1992 - The status of loggerhead, Caretta caretta; Kemp's ridley, Lepidochelys kempi; and green, Chelonia mydas, sea turtles in U.S. waters: a reconsideration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:29","indexId":"1008491","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2665,"text":"Marine Fisheries Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The status of loggerhead, Caretta caretta; Kemp's ridley, Lepidochelys kempi; and green, Chelonia mydas, sea turtles in U.S. waters: a reconsideration","docAbstract":"Abstract not supplied at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Fisheries Review","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Dodd, C., and Byles, R., 1992, The status of loggerhead, Caretta caretta; Kemp's ridley, Lepidochelys kempi; and green, Chelonia mydas, sea turtles in U.S. waters: a reconsideration: Marine Fisheries Review, v. 53, no. 3, p. 30-31.","productDescription":"p. 30-31","startPage":"30","endPage":"31","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132333,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db635f28","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dodd, C.K. Jr.","contributorId":86286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodd","given":"C.K.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Byles, R.A.","contributorId":89847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byles","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1000687,"text":"1000687 - 1992 - Status of coregonine fishes in the Laurentian Great Lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:40","indexId":"1000687","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3102,"text":"Polskie Archiwum Hydrobiologii","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Status of coregonine fishes in the Laurentian Great Lakes","docAbstract":"The post-glacial coregonine assemblage in the Great Lakes included several species of the genera Prosopium and Coregonus. Overfishing, habitat degradation, and competition with various exotic fish species severely reduced coregonine abundance and altered their distribution by the mid to latter part of the 20th century. Most of the original Coregonus species, some which were endemic to the Great Lakes, are now extinct or are extremely rare. The prevailing coregonines are mostly benthic and deep-water species, contrasted to the original assemblage dominated by pelagic, nearshore species. Lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) populations have recovered and now support record fisheries in Lakes Superior, Michigan, and Huron. Bloaters (C. hoyi) have recovered to dominate the planktivorous fish community in Lake Michigan and are rapidly increasing in Lake Huron. The recent resurgence in some coregonine populations are linked to declines in exotic fish populations and favorable climatic changes. The reduced diversity of the coregonines may explain the dominance of the remaining species. The stability of this simplified coregonine community is uncertain but the existing coregonines have demonstrated resiliency.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Polskie Archiwum Hydrobiologii","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Fleischer, G.W., 1992, Status of coregonine fishes in the Laurentian Great Lakes: Polskie Archiwum Hydrobiologii, v. 39, no. 3-4, p. 247-259.","productDescription":"p. 247-259","startPage":"247","endPage":"259","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133409,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f92fa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fleischer, Guy W.","contributorId":89478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleischer","given":"Guy","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1000776,"text":"1000776 - 1992 - Ruffe, Gymnocephalus cernuus: Newly introduced in North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-25T09:28:51","indexId":"1000776","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ruffe, Gymnocephalus cernuus: Newly introduced in North America","docAbstract":"The Eurasian ruffe, Gymnocephalus cernuus, was collected from the lower St. Louis River, Lake Superior's westernmost tributary, in late summer 1987. This is the first known occurrence of the ruffe in North America. The likely vector for this species was ballast water of a transoceanic vessel dumped into the international port of Duluth-Superior located on the lower end of the St. Louis River. The ruffe is increasing in abundance and expanding its range into other tributaries and nearshore areas of Lake Superior.
","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/f92-179","usgsCitation":"Pratt, D.M., Blust, W.H., and Selgeby, J.H., 1992, Ruffe, Gymnocephalus cernuus: Newly introduced in North America: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 49, no. 8, p. 1616-1618, https://doi.org/10.1139/f92-179.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1616","endPage":"1618","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133584,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"49","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685bac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pratt, Dennis M.","contributorId":7673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pratt","given":"Dennis","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blust, William H.","contributorId":106072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blust","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Selgeby, James H.","contributorId":89828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Selgeby","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":85328,"text":"85328 - 1992 - Foraging ecology and nutrition","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-12T15:00:39","indexId":"85328","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Foraging ecology and nutrition","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology and management of breeding waterfowl","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Krapu, G., and Reinecke, K.J., 1992, Foraging ecology and nutrition, chap. of Ecology and management of breeding waterfowl.","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":128046,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d6e4b07f02db5de477","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Batt, D.J.","contributorId":111401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Batt","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504397,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Afton, A. D.","contributorId":83467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Afton","given":"A. 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If waterfowl are to be managed toward goals defined in terms of population sizes such as those in the recently signed North American Waterfowl Management Plan (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service [USFWS] and Canadian Wildlife Service [CWS] 1986), there must be some measure of population size for the various species. Waterfowl managers usually measure population size during the breeding season, although for some species and in some areas winter inventories may be used. Population size is a function of natality and mortality. Other chapters in this volume deal in detail with the biology of those processes. This chapter discusses procedural aspects of measurement and reviews some of the operational systems that have been used to estimate population size and recruitment, especially in North America.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology and Management of Breeding Waterfowl","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Cowardin, L., and Blohm, R., 1992, Breeding population inventories and measures of recruitment, chap. of Ecology and Management of Breeding Waterfowl, p. 423-445.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"423","endPage":"445","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":127497,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb425","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Batt, D.J.","contributorId":111401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Batt","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504390,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Afton, A. 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","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology and management of breeding waterfowl","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Johnson, D.H., Nichols, J., and Schwartz, M., 1992, Population dynamics of breeding waterfowl, chap. of Ecology and management of breeding waterfowl, p. 446-485.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"446","endPage":"485","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":128025,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad6e4b07f02db6842c0","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Batt, D.J.","contributorId":111401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Batt","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504383,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Afton, A. 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D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504382,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, M.G.","contributorId":7230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"M.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504377,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ankney, C.D.","contributorId":48904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ankney","given":"C.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504379,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Johnson, Douglas H. 0000-0002-7778-6641","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7778-6641","contributorId":70327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504381,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kadlec, J.A.","contributorId":27565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kadlec","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504378,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Krapu, Gary L.","contributorId":56994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krapu","given":"Gary L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504380,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":7}],"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Douglas H. 0000-0002-7778-6641","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7778-6641","contributorId":70327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":295910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":295909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schwartz, M.D.","contributorId":83468,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schwartz","given":"M.D.","affiliations":[{"id":7200,"text":"University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":295911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70017257,"text":"70017257 - 1992 - Methanogenic biodegradation of creosote contaminants in natural and simulated ground-water ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-12T11:14:35","indexId":"70017257","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Methanogenic biodegradation of creosote contaminants in natural and simulated ground-water ecosystems","docAbstract":"Wastes from a wood preserving plant in Pensacola, Florida have contaminated the near‐surface sand‐and‐gravel aquifer with creosote‐derived compounds and pentachlorophenol. Contamination resulted from the discharge of plant waste waters to and subsequent seepage from unlined surface impoundments that were in direct hydraulic contact with the ground water. Two distinct phases resulted when the creosote and water mixed: a denser than water hydrocarbon phase that moved vertically downward, and an organic‐rich aqueous phase that moved laterally with the ground‐water flow. The aqueous phase is enriched in organic acids, phenolic compounds, single‐ and double‐ring nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen containing compounds, and single‐ and double‐ring aromatic hydrocarbons. The ground water is devoid of dissolved O2, is 60–70% saturated with CH4 and contains H2S. Field analyses document a greater decrease in concentration of organic fatty acids, benzoic acid, phenol, 2‐, 3‐, 4‐methylphenol, quinoline, isoquinoline, l(2H)‐quinolinone, and 2(lH)‐isoquinolinone during downgradient movement in the aquifer than could be explained by dilution and/or dispersion. Laboratory microcosm studies have shown that within the study region, this effect can be attributed to rnicrobial degradation to CH4 and CO2. A small but active methanogenic population was found on sediment materials taken from highly contaminated parts of the aquifer.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1992.tb01795.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Godsy, E.M., Goerlitz, D., and Grbic-Galic, D., 1992, Methanogenic biodegradation of creosote contaminants in natural and simulated ground-water ecosystems: Ground Water, v. 30, no. 2, p. 232-242, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1992.tb01795.x.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"232","endPage":"242","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":225108,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-08-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5541e4b0c8380cd6d184","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Godsy, E. Michael","contributorId":45842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godsy","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goerlitz, Donald","contributorId":46700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goerlitz","given":"Donald","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grbic-Galic, Dunja","contributorId":33463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grbic-Galic","given":"Dunja","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70185792,"text":"70185792 - 1992 - Tensiometers: Theory, construction, and use","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-07T07:29:49","indexId":"70185792","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1824,"text":"Geotechnical Testing Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tensiometers: Theory, construction, and use","docAbstract":"Standard tensiometers are used to measure matric potential as low as −870 cm of water in the unsaturated zone by creating a saturated hydraulic link between the soil water and a pressure sensor. The direction and, in some cases, quantity of water flux can be determined using multiple installations.
A variety of commercial and fabricated tensiometers are commonly used. Saturated porous ceramic materials, which form an interface between the soil water and the bulk water inside the instrument, are available in many shapes, sizes, and pore diameters. A gage, manometer, or electronic pressure transducer is connected to the porous material with small- or large-diameter tubing. Selection of these components allows the user to optimize one or more characteristics, such as accuracy, versatility, response time, durability, maintenance, extent of data collection, and cost.
Special designs have extended the normal capabilities of tensiometers, allowing measurement in cold or remote areas, measurement of matric potential as low as −153 m of water (−15 bars), measurement at depths as deep as 6 m (recorded at land surface), and automatic measurement using as many as 22 tensiometers connected to a single pressure transducer.
Continuous hydraulic connection between the porous material and soil, and minimal disturbance of the natural infiltration pattern are necessary for successful installation. Avoidance of errors caused by air invasion, nonequilibrium of the instrument, or pressure-sensor inaccuracy will produce reliable values of matric potential, a first step in characterizing unsaturated flow.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Testing and Materials International","doi":"10.1520/GTJ10224J","usgsCitation":"Stannard, D., 1992, Tensiometers: Theory, construction, and use: Geotechnical Testing Journal, v. 15, no. 1, p. 48-58, https://doi.org/10.1520/GTJ10224J.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"48","endPage":"58","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338540,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58dcc81ee4b02ff32c685724","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stannard, D.I.","contributorId":100884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stannard","given":"D.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":95315,"text":"95315 - 1992 - Design and performance of a horizontal, axial-flow, water circulator","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:03:52","indexId":"95315","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":18,"text":"Abstract or summary"},"title":"Design and performance of a horizontal, axial-flow, water circulator","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Research and Review: A Compilation of Abstracts of Research on Channel Catfish","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"language":"English","publisher":"Catfish Farmers of America","publisherLocation":"Orlando, FL","collaboration":"92-049/NF","usgsCitation":"Howerton, R., Boyd, C., and Watten, B., 1992, Design and performance of a horizontal, axial-flow, water circulator, in Research and Review: A Compilation of Abstracts of Research on Channel Catfish.","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":127131,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667e16","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Howerton, R.D.","contributorId":85908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howerton","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":298869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boyd, C.E.","contributorId":97445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyd","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":298870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Watten, B.J. 0000-0002-2227-8623","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2227-8623","contributorId":11537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watten","given":"B.J.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":298868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":30083,"text":"wri914130 - 1992 - Techniques for estimating 7-day, 10-year low-flow characteristics for ungaged sites on streams in Mississippi","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-04T21:49:38.53325","indexId":"wri914130","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"91-4130","title":"Techniques for estimating 7-day, 10-year low-flow characteristics for ungaged sites on streams in Mississippi","docAbstract":"Mississippi State water laws require that the 7-day, 10-year low-flow characteristic (7Q10) of streams be used as a criterion for issuing wastedischarge permits to dischargers to streams and for limiting withdrawals of water from streams. This report presents techniques for estimating the 7Q10 for ungaged sites on streams in Mississippi based on the availability of baseflow discharge measurements at the site, location of nearby gaged sites on the same stream, and drainage area of the ungaged site. These techniques may be used to estimate the 7Q10 at sites on natural, unregulated or partially regulated, and non-tidal streams. Low-flow characteristics for streams in the Mississippi River alluvial plain were not estimated because the annual lowflow data exhibit decreasing trends with time. Also presented are estimates of the 7Q10 for 493 gaged sites on Mississippi streams.
Techniques for estimating the 7Q10 have been developed for ungaged sites with base-flow discharge measurements, for ungaged sites on gaged streams, and for ungaged sites on ungaged streams. For an ungaged site with one or more base-flow discharge measurements, base-flow discharge data at the ungaged site are related to concurrent discharge data at a nearby gaged site. For ungaged sites on gaged streams, several methods of transferring the 7Q10 from a gaged site to an ungaged site were developed; the resulting 7Q10 values are based on drainage area prorations for the sites. For ungaged sites on ungaged streams, the 7Q10 is estimated from a map developed for. this study that shows the unit 7Q10 (7Q10 per square mile of drainage area) for ungaged basins in the State. The mapped values were estimated from the unit 7Q10 determined for nearby gaged basins, adjusted on the basis of the geology and topography of the ungaged basins.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri914130","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Pat Harrison Waterway District, Pearl River Basin Development District, Tombigbee River Valley Water Management District, Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality, Mississippi Office of Land and Water Resources, Mississippi Office of Pollution Control","usgsCitation":"Telis, P.A., 1992, Techniques for estimating 7-day, 10-year low-flow characteristics for ungaged sites on streams in Mississippi: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4130, Report: iv, 143 p.; Plate: 35.61 x 48.12 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri914130.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 143 p.; Plate: 35.61 x 48.12 inches","costCenters":[{"id":269,"text":"FLWSC-Ft. 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Lauderdale","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":202645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":95377,"text":"95377 - 1992 - Insulin-like growth factors \"under water\": role in growth and function of fish and other poikilothermic vertebrates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:03:53","indexId":"95377","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Insulin-like growth factors \"under water\": role in growth and function of fish and other poikilothermic vertebrates","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Modern Concepts of Insulin-like Growth Factors","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Press","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","collaboration":"92-069/TF","usgsCitation":"Bern, H.A., McCormick, S., Kelley, K., Gray, E., Nishioka, R.S., Madsen, S.S., and Tsai, P., 1992, Insulin-like growth factors \"under water\": role in growth and function of fish and other poikilothermic vertebrates, chap. of Modern Concepts of Insulin-like Growth Factors, p. 85-96.","productDescription":"p. 85-96","startPage":"85","endPage":"96","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":127260,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d6f9","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Spencer, E.M.","contributorId":111792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spencer","given":"E.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505595,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Bern, H. A.","contributorId":61771,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bern","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":298986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCormick, S. D. 0000-0003-0621-6200","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-6200","contributorId":20278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCormick","given":"S. D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":298985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kelley, K.M.","contributorId":62952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelley","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":298987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gray, E.S.","contributorId":105252,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"E.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":298991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nishioka, R. S.","contributorId":69915,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nishioka","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":298989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Madsen, Steffen S.","contributorId":65404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madsen","given":"Steffen","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":298988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Tsai, P.I.","contributorId":100775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tsai","given":"P.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":298990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70017197,"text":"70017197 - 1992 - Increased concentrations of potassium in heartwood of trees in response to groundwater contamination","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:47","indexId":"70017197","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1540,"text":"Environmental Geology and Water Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Increased concentrations of potassium in heartwood of trees in response to groundwater contamination","docAbstract":"The wood of tuliptrees (Liriodendron tulipifera L.) growing above groundwater contamination from a hazardous-waste landfill in Maryland contained elevated concentrations of potassium (K). The groundwater contamination also contained elevated concentrations of dissolved K, as well as arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chloride (Cl), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), and organic solvents. The dissolved K is derived from disposed smoke munitions. The excess K in the tuliptrees is concentrated in the heartwood, the part of the xylem most depleted in K in trees growing outside of the contamination. These data show that the uptake and translocation of K by tuliptrees can be strongly influenced by the availability of K in groundwater contamination and suggest the utility of this species as an areal indicator of groundwater contamination. ?? 1992 Springer-Verlag New York Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Geology and Water Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF01797434","issn":"01775146","usgsCitation":"Vroblesky, D., Yanosky, T., and Siegel, F., 1992, Increased concentrations of potassium in heartwood of trees in response to groundwater contamination: Environmental Geology and Water Sciences, v. 19, no. 2, p. 71-74, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01797434.","startPage":"71","endPage":"74","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205548,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01797434"},{"id":224781,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a39f6e4b0c8380cd61ad7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vroblesky, D.A.","contributorId":101691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vroblesky","given":"D.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yanosky, T.M.","contributorId":42263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yanosky","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Siegel, F.R.","contributorId":105430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Siegel","given":"F.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70016882,"text":"70016882 - 1992 - Wave-current interaction in the bottom boundary layer during storm and non-storm conditions: Observations and model predictions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-30T00:32:17.566978","indexId":"70016882","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1333,"text":"Continental Shelf Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wave-current interaction in the bottom boundary layer during storm and non-storm conditions: Observations and model predictions","docAbstract":"Bottom boundary layer measurements of current velocity profiles and bed response under combined wave and current conditions were obtained at a water depth of 145 m on the shelf off central California during December 1988. High quality logarithmic current profiles, excellent time-series bottom photographs, and a large variation in the relative strengths of the wave-induced oscillatory currents and the quasi-steady low frequency currents provided a dataset that is ideal for examining the effects of wave-current interaction near a rough boundary. During one period of 3 days that included a brief storm event, the wave-induced bottom currents (Ub 1 10) ranged from 2.3 to 22 cm s-1 and the steady currents (Ur) ranged from 1.8 to 28.1 cm s-1 at 0.18 m above the bottom; the ratio Ub U18 varied from below 0.2 to more than 7. Velocity profiles were highly logarithmic (R2 > 0.95) 60% of the time and 27 profiles collected at 2-h intervals had R2 {slanted equal to or greater-than} 0.994 which allowed reliable estimates of the current shear velocity (U*c) and roughness length (zoc). Mean U*c values had magnitudes of 0.3-2.4 cm s-1 and zoc, which ranged from 0.04 to 3.5 cm, was strongly correlated to the Ub U18 ratio. Drag coefficients (CD = ??c/??U1002) ranged from about 2.5 ?? 10-3-12 ?? 10-3 in direct response to the wave-current variation; the use of a constant CD of 3 ?? 10-3 for steady flow over a rough bed would have underpredicted the shear stress by up to four times during the storm event. The large zoc and U*c values cannot be explained by changes in the carefully-observed, small (<1 cm) physical bed roughness elements that covered the mud-rich study site. A side-scan sonar site survey also eliminated the possibility of flow disturbance by larger upstream topography. The observations clearly demonstrate the importance of wave-current interaction near a rough boundary. Comparison of the observations with results of the combined flow models of Grant and Madsen and Glenn show the models provide good predictions of U*c and zoc when the waves are characterized by either H 1 3 or H 1 10.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0278-4343(92)90058-R","issn":"02784343","usgsCitation":"Drake, D., and Cacchione, D., 1992, Wave-current interaction in the bottom boundary layer during storm and non-storm conditions: Observations and model predictions: Continental Shelf Research, v. 12, no. 12, p. 1331-1352, https://doi.org/10.1016/0278-4343(92)90058-R.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"1331","endPage":"1352","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224950,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bcf99e4b08c986b32e9c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drake, D.E.","contributorId":48150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drake","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cacchione, D.A.","contributorId":65448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cacchione","given":"D.A.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":374753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70016967,"text":"70016967 - 1992 - Thermal waters along the Konocti Bay fault zone, Lake County, California: a re-evaluation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:53","indexId":"70016967","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thermal waters along the Konocti Bay fault zone, Lake County, California: a re-evaluation","docAbstract":"The Konocti Bay fault zone (KBFZ), initially regarded by some as a promising target for liquid-dominated geothermal systems, has been a disappointment. At least five exploratory wells were drilled in the vicinity of the KBFZ, but none were successful. Although the Na-K-Ca and Na-Li geothermometers indicate that the thermal waters discharging in the vicinity of Howard and Seigler Springs may have equilibrated at temperatures greater than 200??C, the spring temperatures and fluid discharges are low. Most thermal waters along the KBFZ contain >100 mg/l Mg. High concentrations of dissolved magnesium are usually indicative of relatively cool hydrothermal systems. Dissolution of serpentine at shallow depths may contribute dissolved silica and magnesium to rising thermal waters. Most thermal waters are saturated with respect to amorphous silica at the measured spring temperature. Silica geothermometers and mixing models are useless because the dissolved silica concentration is not controlled by the solubility of either quartz or chalcedony. Cation geothermometry indicates the possibility of a high-temperature fluid (> 200??C) only in the vicinity of Howard and Seigler Springs. However, even if the fluid temperature is as high as that indicated by the geothermometers, the permeability may be low. Deuterium and oxygen-18 values of the thermal waters indicate that they recharged locally and became enriched in oxygen-18 by exchange with rock. Diluting meteoric water and the thermal water appear to have the same deuterium value. Lack of tritium in the diluted spring waters suggest that the diluting water is old. ?? 1992.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Thompson, J., Mariner, R.H., White, L.D., Presser, T.S., and Evans, W.C., 1992, Thermal waters along the Konocti Bay fault zone, Lake County, California: a re-evaluation: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 53, no. 1-4, p. 167-183.","startPage":"167","endPage":"183","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224622,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb263e4b08c986b32578c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thompson, J. M.","contributorId":77142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"J. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mariner, Robert H.","contributorId":81075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mariner","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"White, L. D.","contributorId":14330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Presser, T. S.","contributorId":93875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Presser","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Evans, William C.","contributorId":104903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70016683,"text":"70016683 - 1992 - Arrival times and temporal moments of breakthrough curves for an imperfectly stratified aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-01T09:42:47","indexId":"70016683","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Arrival times and temporal moments of breakthrough curves for an imperfectly stratified aquifer","docAbstract":"Using concepts developed in an earlier study, a solution in Laplace transform space is obtained for transport of resident concentration in an imperfectly but yet highly stratified porous medium. The flow field, into which an instantaneous pulse of tracer is injected, is taken to be steady and mean uniform parallel to the direction of stratification. From this transform-space solution either temporal moments can be derived by taking derivatives with respect to the Laplace parameter, or the transform-space solution can be inverted numerically to obtain breakthrough curves for the mean concentration. When compared to an equivalent solution with a Fickian dispersive flux, these temporal moments indicate the extent to which transport in heterogeneous porous media deviates from classical Fickian behavior. The numerical inversion of the Laplace transform solution gives partial breakthrough curves for the mean concentration which have the appearance of conflicting with the derived moment information. A hypothesis is put forth which resolves this apparent conflict; this hypothesis is verified by adding a component of local dispersion to the governing transport equation. On the basis of the flux-averaged concentration a form for the expected probability density function for the arrival time of a tracer particle is derived; arrival time moments and an arrival time cumulative distribution function are available as a consequence. Arrival time moments, as derived from the flux-averaged concentration, do not differ significantly from the resident moments, as derived from the resident concentration.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/91WR02105","usgsCitation":"Naff, R., 1992, Arrival times and temporal moments of breakthrough curves for an imperfectly stratified aquifer: Water Resources Research, v. 28, no. 1, p. 53-68, https://doi.org/10.1029/91WR02105.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"53","endPage":"68","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225124,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ed85e4b0c8380cd4985e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Naff, R.L.","contributorId":86349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naff","given":"R.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70016759,"text":"70016759 - 1992 - Effect of water saturation in soil organic matter on the partition of organic compounds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-11T11:31:55","indexId":"70016759","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of water saturation in soil organic matter on the partition of organic compounds","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es00029a015","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Rutherford, D., and Chlou, G., 1992, Effect of water saturation in soil organic matter on the partition of organic compounds: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 26, no. 5, p. 965-970, https://doi.org/10.1021/es00029a015.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"965","endPage":"970","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":224801,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a062de4b0c8380cd5112f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rutherford, D.W.","contributorId":21244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rutherford","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chlou, G.T.","contributorId":98475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chlou","given":"G.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70017096,"text":"70017096 - 1992 - Ground water chemistry and geochemical modeling of water-rock interactions at the Osamu Utsumi mine and the Morro do Ferro analogue study sites, Poços de Caldas, Minas Gerais, Brazil","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-08T17:42:40","indexId":"70017096","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2302,"text":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ground water chemistry and geochemical modeling of water-rock interactions at the Osamu Utsumi mine and the Morro do Ferro analogue study sites, Poços de Caldas, Minas Gerais, Brazil","docAbstract":"Surface and ground waters, collected over a period of three years from the Osamu Utsumi uranium mine and the Morro do Ferro thorium/rare-earth element (Th/REE) deposits, were analyzed and interpreted to identify the major hydrogeochemical processes. These results provided information on the current geochemical evolution of ground waters for two study sites within the Poços de Caldas Natural Analogue Project.
\nThe ground waters are a K–Fe–SO4–F type, a highly unusual composition related to intense weathering of a hydrothermally altered and mineralized complex of phonolites. Tritium and stable isotope data indicate that ground waters are of meteoric origin and are not affected significantly by evaporation or water–rock interactions. Recharging ground waters at both study sites demonstrate water of less than about 35 years in age, whereas deeper, more evolved ground waters are below 1 TU but still contain in most cases detectable tritium. These deeper ground waters may be interpreted as being of 35 to 60 or more years in age, resulting mainly from an admixture of younger with older ground waters and/or indicating the influence of subsurface produced tritium.
\nGeochemical processes involving water–rock–gas interactions have been modeled using ground water compositions, mineralogic data, ion plots and computations of speciation, non-thermodynamic mass balance and thermodynamic mass transfer. The geochemical reaction models can reproduce the water chemistry and mineral occurrences and they were validated by comparing the results of thermodynamic mass transfer calculations (using the PHREEQE program, Parkhurst et al., 1980). The results from the geochemical reaction models reveal that the dominant processes are production of CO2 in the soil zone through aerobic decay of organic matter, dissolution of fluorite, calcite, K-feldspar, albite, chlorite and manganese oxides, oxidation of pyrite and sphalerite, and precipitation of ferric oxides, silica and kaolinite. Gibbsite precipitation can be modeled for the shallow (recharge) water chemistry at Morro do Ferro, consistent with known mineralogy. Recharge waters are undersaturated with respect to barite and discharging waters and deeper ground waters are saturated to supersaturated with respect to barite demonstrating a strong solubility control. Strontium isotope data demonstrate that sources other than calcium-bearing minerals are required to account for the dissolved strontium in the ground waters. These may include K-feldspar, smectite–chlorite mixed-layer clays and goyazite [SrAl3(PO4)2 (OH)5 • H2O].
\n1992.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-444-89934-7.50011-6","issn":"03756742","usgsCitation":"Nordstrom, D.K., McNutt, R., Puigdomenech, I., Smellie, J.A., and Wolf, M., 1992, Ground water chemistry and geochemical modeling of water-rock interactions at the Osamu Utsumi mine and the Morro do Ferro analogue study sites, Poços de Caldas, Minas Gerais, Brazil: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 45, no. 1-3, p. 249-287, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-89934-7.50011-6.","productDescription":"39 p.","startPage":"249","endPage":"287","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224677,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2aaae4b0c8380cd5b371","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":375381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McNutt, R.H.","contributorId":53097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNutt","given":"R.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Puigdomenech, I.","contributorId":85337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Puigdomenech","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smellie, John A.T.","contributorId":26437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smellie","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"A.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wolf, M.","contributorId":43504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolf","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70016325,"text":"70016325 - 1992 - Use of D-C resistivity to map saline ground water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-11-20T14:51:02","indexId":"70016325","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"Use of D-C resistivity to map saline ground water","docAbstract":"It has been estimated in previous studies that 23 square miles of the Oxnard aquifer, a member of a multi-layered aquifer system beneath the Oxnard plain in Ventura County, California, has been contaminated as a result of seawater intrusion. To investigate this and other potential sources of saline water, a direct-current resistivity survey was made as an alternative to the costly and time-consuming method of well drilling in the part of the Oxnard plain where ground water is believed to be most affected by seawater. Findings from this survey and water-quality data collected from wells as part of this study suggest that the extent of seawater intrusion is much less than reported. A field inventory of the current monitoring-well network utilized by managing agencies suggests that the integrity of most of the well casings is questionable. Leakage of saline water from an unconfined `perched zone' through these and other failed or corroded well casings is a possible source of increasing chloride concentration in the underlying Oxnard aquifer. Saline water also may be present in fine-grained deposits along the eastern limit of the Oxnard aquifer. Pumping near this area could induce the lateral migration of saline water from these deposits.","largerWorkTitle":"Irrigation and Drainage: Saving a Threatened Resource - In Search of Solutions, Proceedings of the Irrigation and Drainage Sessions at Water Forum '92","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the ASCE National Conference on Irrigation and Drainage - Water Forum '92","conferenceLocation":"Baltimore, MD, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, United States","issn":"0872628779","usgsCitation":"Stamos, C., Predmore, S.K., and Zohdy, A.A., 1992, Use of D-C resistivity to map saline ground water, 6 p.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"80","endPage":"85","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222794,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":263313,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/confpub/70016325/70016325.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -119.25,34.08 ], [ -119.25,34.18 ], [ -119.06,34.18 ], [ -119.06,34.08 ], [ -119.25,34.08 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbe60e4b08c986b32956b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stamos, Christina L. 0000-0002-1007-9352","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1007-9352","contributorId":19593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stamos","given":"Christina L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Predmore, Steven K. spredmor@usgs.gov","contributorId":1512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Predmore","given":"Steven","email":"spredmor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":373186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zohdy, Adel A. R.","contributorId":61799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zohdy","given":"Adel","email":"","middleInitial":"A. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70016809,"text":"70016809 - 1992 - Subsidence of Surtsey volcano, 1967-1991","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:51","indexId":"70016809","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1109,"text":"Bulletin of Volcanology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Subsidence of Surtsey volcano, 1967-1991","docAbstract":"The Surtsey marine volcano was built on the southern insular shelf of Iceland, along the seaward extension of the east volcanic zone, during episodic explosive and effusive activity from 1963 to 1967. A 1600-m-long, east-west line of 42 bench marks was established across the island shortly after volcanic activity stopped. From 1967 to 1991 a series of leveling surveys measured the relative elevation of the original bench marks, as well as additional bench marks installed in 1979, 1982 and 1985. Concurrent measurements were made of water levels in a pit dug on the north coast, in a drill hole, and along the coastline exposed to the open ocean. These surveys indicate that the dominant vertical movement of Surtsey is a general subsidence of about 1.1??0.3 m during the 24-year period of observations. The rate of subsidence decreased from 15-20 cm/year for 1967-1968 to 1-2 cm/year in 1991. Greatest subsidence is centered about the eastern vent area. Through 1970, subsidence was locally greatest where the lava plain is thinnest, adjacent to the flanks of the eastern tephra cone. From 1982 onward, the region closest to the hydrothermal zone, which is best developed in the vicinity of the eastern vent, began showing less subsidence relative to the rest of the surveyed bench marks. The general subsidence of the island probably results from compaction of the volcanic material comprising Surtsey, compaction of the sea-floor sediments underlying the island, and possibly downwarping of the lithosphere due to the laod of Surtsey. The more localized early downwarping near the eastern tephra cone is apparently due to greater compaction of tephra relative to lava. The later diminished local subsidence near the hydrothermal zone is probably due to a minor volume increase caused by hydrous alteration of glassy tephra. However, this volume increase is concentrated at depth beneath the bottom of the 176-m-deep cased drillhole. ?? 1992 Springer-Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of Volcanology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF00301116","issn":"02588900","usgsCitation":"Moore, J., Jakobsson, S., and Holmjarn, J., 1992, Subsidence of Surtsey volcano, 1967-1991: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 55, no. 1-2, p. 17-24, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00301116.","startPage":"17","endPage":"24","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":479594,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://zenodo.org/record/1232407","text":"External Repository"},{"id":205536,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00301116"},{"id":224703,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9d4ee4b08c986b31d781","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, J.G.","contributorId":67496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"J.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jakobsson, S.","contributorId":103803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jakobsson","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holmjarn, J.","contributorId":90887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holmjarn","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":2000097,"text":"2000097 - 1992 - Waterfowl production on the Woodworth Station in south-central North Dakota, 1965-1981","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-16T10:33:34","indexId":"2000097","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":79,"text":"Resource Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"180","title":"Waterfowl production on the Woodworth Station in south-central North Dakota, 1965-1981","docAbstract":"During 17 years of study at the Woodworth, North Dakota study area, the percent of 548 wetland basin with water during 1-15 May ranged from 8 to 87 and averaged 56; waterfowl pair densities varied from 19 to 56/km2 and averaged 40/km2. Pond occupancy by duck pairs averaged 37% during mid-May counts and 48% for late May and early June counts. A positive linear relation occurred between the estimated number of duck pairs and the percent of basins with water during 1-15 May.There were 3,339 duck nests found in grassland habitats from 1966 through 1981. Approximately 66% (85% Mayfield) of these were depredated or abandoned. Mammals caused 88% of nest failures. Half or more of the eventually successful clutches were unhatched by 10 July in 9 of 16 years. Haying would have disturbed or destroyed an average of 43%, 33%, 22%, 15%, and 9% of the duck nests if initiated on 10 July, 15 July, 20 July, 25 July, and 1 August, respectively.The total average size of completed clutch for all species was 29% smaller at the end of the nesting season than at the beginning, underscoring the importance of protecting early clutches.Production averaged 30 broods per 100 pairs of ducks and ranged from 15 to 61 broods per 100 pairs. Brood densities ranged from 10 to 63/km2 and averaged 12/km2. Mean brood size averaged 6.4 for all species. July broods averaged 7.2 ducklings and August broods 5.7 ducklings. Duckling loss averaged 2.6 per brood and 85% (2.2 ducklings) of this loss was estimated to occur during the first 14 days after hatch.Wetlands of all sizes and classes were important at some time to one species of duck or another. With the exception of some diving ducks, all species used a complex of sizes and classes of wetlands for space, food, and shelter necessary for nesting and brooding. Pair counts during 20 May-7 June were most indicative of the breeding population. A combination of two brood counts resulted in the best estimate of annual production. An average of only 50% of the total duck broods per year was counted during the 1-15 July surveys, which approximated the average time of the Service's July aerial surveys. During this study the area produced an average of 1 duck per 4 ha of upland and had a nest density of approximately 1 nest per 14 ha. Nest success rates averaged 35.1% (16.3% Mayfield). Predation was significantly reduced by good vegetative cover at nest sites. Seeded grasslands (dense nesting cover) yielded better production than native prairie or croplands. Seeded grasslands also produced 3 times more ducklings per unit area than adjacent native prairie and more than 14 times as many as adjacent, annually tilled croplands.Ducks generally showed higher nest densities and better nesting success when using growing grain crops than when nesting in standing or mulched stubble fields. Among native mixed-grass prairie and seeded grassland, production was enhanced by leaving fields idle or by treating them with periodic burning. Duck production was generally lowered by grazing field of native prairie but duck production on grazing lands was higher than in annually tilled croplands.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Higgins, K., Kirsch, L., Klett, A., and Miller, H., 1992, Waterfowl production on the Woodworth Station in south-central North Dakota, 1965-1981: Resource Publication 180, 79 p.","productDescription":"79 p.","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198659,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699b1f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Higgins, K.F.","contributorId":55767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Higgins","given":"K.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kirsch, L.M.","contributorId":43701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirsch","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Klett, Albert T.","contributorId":34857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klett","given":"Albert","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miller, H.W.","contributorId":102825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"H.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":2000900,"text":"2000900 - 1992 - Effect of the lampricide 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol on the pink heelsplitter","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-16T16:06:43","indexId":"2000900","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":79,"text":"Resource Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"183","title":"Effect of the lampricide 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol on the pink heelsplitter","docAbstract":"The lampricide 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM) is used to selectively kill sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus ) in the tributaries of the Great Lakes. Over the years, TFM was tested most often on nontarget fishes and only occasionally on invertebrates, including freshwater mussels. We exposed pink heelsplitters (Potamilus alatus ) to TFM concentrations and exposure times similar to those in lampricide treatments. Tests were conducted in water similar in quality to the Poultney River, New York, a stream that contains pink heelsplitters and is scheduled for lampricide treatment in 1991. Mussels were exposed to TFM for either 12 or 24 h and observed daily in well water for 14 days. Ninety percent of the mussels exposed to 3.5 mg/L of TFM for 12 h survived, however, only 50% of the mussels exposed to that concentration for 24 h survived. TFM seems to narcotize or anesthetize mussels. Mortality of mussels exposed to 3.5 mg/L TFM for 12 h seemed to be 60% immediately after treatment, but the actual mortality was only 10% after a 14-day recovery period.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Bills, T., Rach, J., Marking, L.L., and Howe, G., 1992, Effect of the lampricide 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol on the pink heelsplitter: Resource Publication 183, 7 p.","productDescription":"7 p.","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199184,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db625374","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bills, T.D.","contributorId":6393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bills","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rach, J.J.","contributorId":73948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rach","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marking, L. L.","contributorId":90661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marking","given":"L.","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Howe, G.E.","contributorId":53734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howe","given":"G.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}