{"pageNumber":"1755","pageRowStart":"43850","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184660,"records":[{"id":70004850,"text":"ofr20111139 - 2011 - The constraints of connecting children with nature--A research literature review","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:54","indexId":"ofr20111139","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1139","title":"The constraints of connecting children with nature--A research literature review","docAbstract":"Reports or research investigations studying children in nature are rapidly expanding and increasingly diverse. This document reports a review of a particular part of this field-studies of constraints to recreation and participation in environmental and outdoor recreation programs. The findings result from a review of more than 125 journal articles, books, and reports that were published between 1980 and 2009. This report discusses how the current information concerning constraints to participation can be understood in terms of four concentrations or foci of work generated in this particular field of study. These foci, which are all well established in the literature, are (1) intrapersonal, interpersonal, and structural constraints, (2) significant life experiences, (3) environmental attitudes, values and beliefs, and (4) environmental behaviors. The recent research associated with each of these research areas is discussed in successive sections of the review. Overall, this review found that the research on constraints that inhibit children's connection to nature is less diverse in terms of methodological and theoretical approaches than is the research into the broader outdoor recreation research field within which it is situated. This review focused on the issue of connecting children with nature, but examples from studies using adults to understand childhood experiences and recreation preferences were used because there are relatively few peer-reviewed articles showing the theoretical or empirical connection of children and nature. In some cases, broader empirical studies were used to connect with larger themes (that is, environmental attitudes, beliefs, and values).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111139","usgsCitation":"Ponds, P.D., and Schuster, R., 2011, The constraints of connecting children with nature--A research literature review: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1139, iii, 54 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111139.","productDescription":"iii, 54 p.","startPage":"i","endPage":"54","numberOfPages":"57","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116221,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1139.png"},{"id":24368,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1139/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db6689b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ponds, Phadrea D.","contributorId":65156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ponds","given":"Phadrea","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schuster, Rudy M.","contributorId":92405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuster","given":"Rudy M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70004759,"text":"ofr20111126 - 2011 - Development and application of indices to assess the condition of benthic algal communities in U.S. streams and rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:54","indexId":"ofr20111126","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1126","title":"Development and application of indices to assess the condition of benthic algal communities in U.S. streams and rivers","docAbstract":"Multi-metric indices (MMIs) are a measure of a combination of characteristics of biological communities and are used as indicators of water quality and ecological health. Although MMIs for algal communities have been developed for specific regions of the United States, none of the indices have national applicability. The MMIs described in this report were developed by the National Water-Quality Assessment Program of the U.S. Geological Survey to assess the overall health of benthic algal communities in U.S. streams and rivers within five geographic regions that encompass the conterminous United States.The traditional procedure for developing MMIs (also referred to as indices of biological integrity) is to select individual metrics that, separately, can distinguish between undisturbed sites (selected for this study as reference sites) and predetermined disturbed sites. The metrics are then combined into a single index.  In addition to traditional approaches for selecting individual metrics, the current study used stepwise logistic regressions to select sets of metrics that best predicted whether sites were in an undisturbed or a disturbed condition. Multi-metric indices and logistic regression models were developed for five regions of the United States using calibration datasets and were evaluated using independent validation datasets.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111126","collaboration":"National Water-Quality Assessment Program; Prepared in cooperation with The Academy of Natural Sciences, Patrick Center for Environmental Research","usgsCitation":"Potapova, M., and Carlisle, D.M., 2011, Development and application of indices to assess the condition of benthic algal communities in U.S. streams and rivers: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1126, iv, 24 p.; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111126.","productDescription":"iv, 24 p.; Appendices","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116121,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1126.gif"},{"id":21955,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1126/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db6672fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Potapova, Marina","contributorId":89274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Potapova","given":"Marina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carlisle, Daren M. 0000-0002-7367-348X dcarlisle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7367-348X","contributorId":513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlisle","given":"Daren","email":"dcarlisle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70004844,"text":"ofr20111153 - 2011 - Soil physical, chemical, and gas-flux characterization from Picea mariana stands near Erickson Creek, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-08T20:56:12.506741","indexId":"ofr20111153","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1153","displayTitle":"Soil physical, chemical, and gas-flux characterization from <i>Picea mariana</i> stands near Erickson Creek, Alaska","title":"Soil physical, chemical, and gas-flux characterization from Picea mariana stands near Erickson Creek, Alaska","docAbstract":"Fire is a particularly important control on the carbon (C) balance of the boreal forest, and fire-return intervals and fire severity appear to have increased since the late 1900s in North America. In addition to the immediate release of stored C to the atmosphere through organic-matter combustion, fire also modifies soil conditions, possibly affecting C exchange between terrestrial and atmospheric pools for decades after the burn. The effects of fire on ecosystem C dynamics vary across the landscape, with topographic position and soil drainage functioning as important controls.\n\nThe data reported here contributed to a larger U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) study, published in the journal Ecosystems by O'Donnell and others (2009). To evaluate the effects of fire and drainage on ecosystem C dynamics, we selected sample sites within the 2003 Erickson Creek fire scar to measure CO<sup>2</sup> fluxes and soil C inventories in burned and unburned (control) sites in both upland and lowland black spruce (Picea mariana) forests. The results of this study suggested that although fire can create soil climate conditions which are more conducive to rapid decomposition, rates of C release from soils may be constrained after fire by changes in moisture and (or) substrate quality that impede rates of decomposition. Here, we report detailed site information, methodology, and data (in spreadsheet files) from that study.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111153","usgsCitation":"O’Donnell, J.A., Harden, J.W., and Manies, K.L., 2011, Soil physical, chemical, and gas-flux characterization from Picea mariana stands near Erickson Creek, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1153, iii, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111153.","productDescription":"iii, 15 p.","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":557,"text":"Soil Carbon Research at Menlo Park","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116128,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1153.gif"},{"id":24364,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1153/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":395653,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_95308.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Erickson Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -148.9597,\n              65.5758\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.9592,\n              65.5758\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.9592,\n              65.5764\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.9597,\n              65.5764\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.9597,\n              65.5758\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db6739f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Donnell, Jonathan A.","contributorId":84138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Donnell","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harden, Jennifer W. 0000-0002-6570-8259 jharden@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-8259","contributorId":1971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"Jennifer","email":"jharden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Manies, Kristen L. 0000-0003-4941-9657 kmanies@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4941-9657","contributorId":2136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manies","given":"Kristen","email":"kmanies@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70004842,"text":"pp1776C - 2011 - Depositional setting and geochemistry of phosphorites and metalliferous black shales in the Carboniferous-Permian Lisburne Group, Northern Alaska","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70004842,"text":"pp1776C - 2011 - Depositional setting and geochemistry of phosphorites and metalliferous black shales in the Carboniferous-Permian Lisburne Group, Northern Alaska","indexId":"pp1776C","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"chapter":"C","title":"Depositional setting and geochemistry of phosphorites and metalliferous black shales in the Carboniferous-Permian Lisburne Group, Northern Alaska"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":98607,"text":"pp1776 - 2010 - Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, 2008-2009","indexId":"pp1776","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"title":"Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, 2008-2009"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":98607,"text":"pp1776 - 2010 - Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, 2008-2009","indexId":"pp1776","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"title":"Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, 2008-2009"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-24T13:32:32.274016","indexId":"pp1776C","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1776","chapter":"C","title":"Depositional setting and geochemistry of phosphorites and metalliferous black shales in the Carboniferous-Permian Lisburne Group, Northern Alaska","docAbstract":"Phosphatic rocks are distributed widely in the Lisburne Group, a mainly Carboniferous carbonate succession that occurs throughout northern Alaska. New sedimentologic, paleontologic, and geochemical data presented here constrain the geographic and stratigraphic extent of these strata and their depositional and paleogeographic settings. Our findings support models that propose very high oxygen contents of the Permo-Carboniferous atmosphere and oceans, and those that suggest enhanced phosphogenesis in iron-limited sediments; our data also have implications for Carboniferous paleogeography of the Arctic. \n\nLisburne Group phosphorites range from granular to nodular, are interbedded with black shale and lime mudstone rich in radiolarians and sponge spicules, and accumulated primarily in suboxic outer- to middle-ramp environments. Age constraints from conodonts, foraminifers, and goniatite cephalopods indicate that most are middle Late Mississippian (early Chesterian; early late Visean). Phosphorites form 2- to 40-cm-thick beds of sand- to pebble-sized phosphatic peloids, coated grains, and (or) bioclasts cemented by carbonate, silica, or phosphate that occur through an interval =12 m thick. High gamma-ray response through this interval suggests strongly condensed facies related to sediment starvation and development of phosphatic hardgrounds. Phosphorite textures, such as unconformity-bounded coated grains, record multiple episodes of phosphogenesis and sedimentary reworking. Sharp bed bases and local grading indicate considerable redeposition of phosphatic material into deeper water by storms and (or) gravity flows. \n\nLisburne Group phosphorites contain up to 37 weight percent P2O5, 7.6 weight percent F, 1,030 ppm Y, 517 ppm La, and 166 ppm U. Shale-normalized rare earth element (REE) plots show uniformly large negative Ce anomalies Ce/Ce*=0.11 + or - 0.03) that are interpreted to reflect phosphate deposition in seawater that was greatly depleted in Ce due to increased oxygenation of the atmosphere and oceans during the Carboniferous evolution of large vascular land plants. \n\nBlack shales within the phosphorite sections have up to 20.2 weight percent Corg and are potential petroleum source rocks. Locally, these strata also are metalliferous, with up to 1,690 ppm Cr, 2,831 ppm V, 551 ppm Ni, 4,670 ppm Zn, 312 ppm Cu, 43.5 ppm Ag, and 12.3 ppm Tl; concentrations of these metals covary broadly with Corg, suggesting coupled redox variations. Calculated marine fractions (MF) of Cr, V, and Mo, used to evaluate the paleoredox state of the bottom waters, show generally high CrMF/MoMF and VMF/MoMF ratios that indicate deposition of the black shales under suboxic denitrifying conditions; Re/Mo ratios also plot mainly within the suboxic field and support this interpretation. Predominantly seawater and biogenic sources are indicated for Cr, V, Mo, Zn, Cd, Ni, and Cu in the black shales, with an additional hydrothermal contribution inferred for Zn, Cd, Ag, and Tl in some samples. \n\nLisburne Group phosphorites formed in the Ikpikpuk Basin and along both sides of the mud- and chert-rich Kuna Basin, which hosts giant massive sulfide and barite deposits of the Red Dog district. Lisburne Group phosphatic strata are coeval with these deposits and formed in response to a nutrient-rich upwelling regime. Phosphate deposition occurred mainly in suboxic bottom waters based on data for paleoredox proxies (Cr, V, Mo, Re) within contemporaneous black shales. Recent global reconstructions are consistent with Carboniferous upwelling in northern Alaska, but differ in the type of upwelling expected (zonal versus meridional). Paleoenvironmental data suggest that meridional upwelling may better explain phosphorite deposition in the Lisburne Group.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, 2008-2009","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1776C","usgsCitation":"Dumoulin, J.A., Slack, J.F., Whalen, M.T., and Harris, A.G., 2011, Depositional setting and geochemistry of phosphorites and metalliferous black shales in the Carboniferous-Permian Lisburne Group, Northern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1776, iv, 53p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1776C.","productDescription":"iv, 53p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-016706","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116126,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp_1776_C.gif"},{"id":24365,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1776/c/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -165,68 ], [ -165,69 ], [ -150,69 ], [ -150,68 ], [ -165,68 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab1e4b07f02db66e7ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dumoulin, Julie A. 0000-0003-1754-1287 dumoulin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1754-1287","contributorId":203209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dumoulin","given":"Julie","email":"dumoulin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Slack, John F. 0000-0001-6600-3130 jfslack@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6600-3130","contributorId":1032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slack","given":"John","email":"jfslack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Whalen, Michael T.","contributorId":31852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whalen","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harris, Anita G.","contributorId":50162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"Anita","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70004748,"text":"fs20113063 - 2011 - Assessment of in-place oil shale resources of the Green River Formation, Greater Green River Basin in Wyoming, Colorado, and Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:59","indexId":"fs20113063","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-3063","title":"Assessment of in-place oil shale resources of the Green River Formation, Greater Green River Basin in Wyoming, Colorado, and Utah","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) recently (2011) completed an assessment of in-place oil shale resources, regardless of grade, in the Eocene Green River Formation of the Greater Green River Basin in southwestern Wyoming, northwestern Colorado, and northeastern Utah. Green River Formation oil shale also is present in the Piceance Basin of western Colorado and in the Uinta Basin of eastern Utah and western Colorado, and the results of these assessments are published separately. No attempt was made to estimate the amount of oil that is economically recoverable because there has not yet been an economic method developed to recover the oil from Green River Formation oil shale.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20113063","collaboration":"Oil Shale Assessment Project Fact Sheet","usgsCitation":"Johnson, R.C., Mercier, T., and Brownfield, M.E., 2011, Assessment of in-place oil shale resources of the Green River Formation, Greater Green River Basin in Wyoming, Colorado, and Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2011-3063, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20113063.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"4","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116617,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2011_3063.gif"},{"id":21951,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2011/3063/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming;Colorado;Utah","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111,39.5 ], [ -111,43.5 ], [ -106,43.5 ], [ -106,39.5 ], [ -111,39.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db671f61","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, R. C. 0000-0002-6197-5165","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6197-5165","contributorId":101621,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"R.","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":351257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mercier, T.J. 0000-0002-8232-525X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8232-525X","contributorId":17263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mercier","given":"T.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brownfield, Michael E. 0000-0003-3633-1138","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3633-1138","contributorId":7250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brownfield","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70004744,"text":"70004744 - 2011 - Chemically-mediated interactions between macroalgae Dictyota spp. and multiple life-history stages of the coral Porites astreoides","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-18T15:03:55.85879","indexId":"70004744","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2663,"text":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Chemically-mediated interactions between macroalgae <i>Dictyota</i> spp. and multiple life-history stages of the coral <i>Porites astreoides</i>","title":"Chemically-mediated interactions between macroalgae Dictyota spp. and multiple life-history stages of the coral Porites astreoides","docAbstract":"<p><span>Competition between corals and macroalgae is often assumed to occur on reefs, especially those that have undergone shifts from coral to algal dominance; however, data examining these competitive interactions, especially during the early life-history stages of corals, are scarce. We conducted a series of field and outdoor seawater-table experiments to test the hypothesis that allelopathy (chemical inhibition) mediates interactions between 2 common brown macroalgae,&nbsp;</span><i>Dictyota pulchella</i><span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><i>D. pinnatifida</i><span>, and the coral&nbsp;</span><i>Porites astreoides</i><span>&nbsp;at different life-history stages of the coral.&nbsp;</span><i>D. pinnatifida</i><span>&nbsp;significantly reduced larval survival and larval recruitment. The extracts of both&nbsp;</span><i>D. pinnatifida</i><span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><i>D. pulchella</i><span>&nbsp;significantly reduced larval survival, and the extract of&nbsp;</span><i>D. pulchella</i><span>&nbsp;also negatively influenced larval recruitment. There was no measurable effect of the crude extracts from&nbsp;</span><i>Dictyota</i><span>&nbsp;spp. on the photophysiology of adult corals. Our results provide evidence that these&nbsp;</span><i>Dictyota</i><span>&nbsp;species chemically compete with&nbsp;</span><i>P. astreoides</i><span>&nbsp;by negatively affecting larval settlement and recruitment as well as the survival of larvae and new recruits. Macroalgae may perpetuate their dominance on degraded reefs by chemically inhibiting the process of coral recruitment.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","publisherLocation":"Oldendorf/Luhe, Germany","doi":"10.3354/meps09032","usgsCitation":"Paul, V., Kuffner, I.B., Walters, L.J., Ritson-Williams, R., Beach, K.S., and Becerro, M.A., 2011, Chemically-mediated interactions between macroalgae Dictyota spp. and multiple life-history stages of the coral Porites astreoides: Marine Ecology Progress Series, v. 426, p. 161-170, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps09032.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"161","endPage":"170","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474968,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/meps09032","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":203920,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"426","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac6e4b07f02db67a1f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paul, Valerie J.","contributorId":39923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paul","given":"Valerie J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kuffner, Ilsa B. 0000-0001-8804-7847 ikuffner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8804-7847","contributorId":3105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuffner","given":"Ilsa","email":"ikuffner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walters, Linda J.","contributorId":90451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walters","given":"Linda","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ritson-Williams, Raphael","contributorId":27988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ritson-Williams","given":"Raphael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Beach, Kevin S.","contributorId":47508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beach","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Becerro, Mikel A.","contributorId":90452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Becerro","given":"Mikel","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70003349,"text":"70003349 - 2011 - Customizing a rangefinder for community-based wildlife conservation initiatives","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-22T15:47:40.490362","indexId":"70003349","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1006,"text":"Biodiversity and Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Customizing a rangefinder for community-based wildlife conservation initiatives","docAbstract":"<p><span>Population size of many threatened and endangered species is relatively unknown because estimating animal abundance in remote parts of the world, without access to aircraft for surveying vast areas, is a scientific challenge with few proposed solutions. One option is to enlist local community members and train them in data collection for large line transect or point count surveys, but financial and sometimes technological constraints prevent access to the necessary equipment and training for accurately quantifying distance measurements. Such measurements are paramount for generating reliable estimates of animal density. This problem was overcome in a survey of Asiatic wild ass (</span><i>Equus hemionus</i><span>) in the Great Gobi B Strictly Protected Area, Mongolia, by converting an inexpensive optical sporting rangefinder into a species-specific rangefinder with visual-based categorical labels. Accuracy trials concluded 96.86% of 350 distance measures matched those from a laser rangefinder. This simple customized optic subsequently allowed for a large group of minimally-trained observers to simultaneously record quantitative measures of distance, despite language, education, and skill differences among the diverse group. The large community-based effort actively engaged local residents in species conservation by including them as the foundation for collecting scientific data.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10531-011-0040-1","usgsCitation":"Ransom, J.I., 2011, Customizing a rangefinder for community-based wildlife conservation initiatives: Biodiversity and Conservation, v. 20, no. 7, p. 1603-1609, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-011-0040-1.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1603","endPage":"1609","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203915,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mongolia","otherGeospatial":"Great Gobi B Strictly Protected Area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              90.911865234375,\n              44.78573392716592\n            ],\n            [\n              94.669189453125,\n              44.78573392716592\n            ],\n            [\n              94.669189453125,\n              46.58906908309182\n            ],\n            [\n              90.911865234375,\n              46.58906908309182\n            ],\n            [\n              90.911865234375,\n              44.78573392716592\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"20","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-04-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fb00b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ransom, Jason I. 0000-0002-5930-4004","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5930-4004","contributorId":71645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ransom","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70035023,"text":"70035023 - 2011 - Discrete choice modeling of shovelnose sturgeon habitat selection in the Lower Missouri River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-16T18:52:44.274963","indexId":"70035023","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2166,"text":"Journal of Applied Ichthyology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Discrete choice modeling of shovelnose sturgeon habitat selection in the Lower Missouri River","docAbstract":"<p><span>Substantive changes to physical habitat in the Lower Missouri River, resulting from intensive management, have been implicated in the decline of pallid (</span><i>Scaphirhynchus albus</i><span>) and shovelnose (</span><i>S.&nbsp;platorynchus</i><span>) sturgeon. To aid in habitat rehabilitation efforts, we evaluated habitat selection of gravid, female shovelnose sturgeon during the spawning season in two sections (lower and upper) of the Lower Missouri River in 2005 and in the upper section in 2007. We fit discrete choice models within an information theoretic framework to identify selection of means and variability in three components of physical habitat. Characterizing habitat within divisions around fish better explained selection than habitat values at the fish locations. In general, female shovelnose sturgeon were negatively associated with mean velocity between them and the bank and positively associated with variability in surrounding depths. For example, in the upper section in 2005, a 0.5 m s</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;decrease in velocity within 10 m in the bank direction increased the relative probability of selection 70%. In the upper section fish also selected sites with surrounding structure in depth (e.g., change in relief). Differences in models between sections and years, which are reinforced by validation rates, suggest that changes in habitat due to geomorphology, hydrology, and their interactions over time need to be addressed when evaluating habitat selection. Because of the importance of variability in surrounding depths, these results support an emphasis on restoring channel complexity as an objective of habitat restoration for shovelnose sturgeon in the Lower Missouri River.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer- Verlag","doi":"10.1111/j.1439-0426.2010.01637.x","usgsCitation":"Bonnot, T., Wildhaber, M.L., Millspaugh, J., Delonay, A.J., Jacobson, R.B., and Bryan, J., 2011, Discrete choice modeling of shovelnose sturgeon habitat selection in the Lower Missouri River: Journal of Applied Ichthyology, v. 27, no. 2, p. 291-300, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2010.01637.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"291","endPage":"300","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474974,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2010.01637.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":243317,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215507,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2010.01637.x"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, South Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Lower Missouri River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -90.2197265625,\n              38.87392853923629\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.77978515625,\n              39.487084981687495\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.33984375,\n              39.50404070558415\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.7021484375,\n              39.232253141714885\n            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            42.593532625649935\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.6412353515625,\n              42.52879629320373\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.2127685546875,\n              41.53736603550382\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.91064453125,\n              41.376808565702355\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.73486328124999,\n              41.32732632036622\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -96.229248046875,\n              42.512601715736665\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.294921875,\n              43.03677585761058\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.62451171875,\n              42.871938424448466\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.2454833984375,\n              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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":448926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Millspaugh, J.J.","contributorId":99105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Millspaugh","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeLonay, Aaron J. 0000-0002-3752-2799 adelonay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3752-2799","contributorId":2725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeLonay","given":"Aaron","email":"adelonay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":448924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jacobson, Robert B. 0000-0002-8368-2064 rjacobson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8368-2064","contributorId":1289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobson","given":"Robert","email":"rjacobson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":448927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bryan, J.L.","contributorId":15328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bryan","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70189920,"text":"70189920 - 2011 - Scaling of peak flows with constant flow velocity in random self-similar networks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-01T08:00:02","indexId":"70189920","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2878,"text":"Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Scaling of peak flows with constant flow velocity in random self-similar networks","docAbstract":"<p><span>A methodology is presented to understand the role of the statistical self-similar topology of real river networks on scaling, or power law, in peak flows for rainfall-runoff events. We created Monte Carlo generated sets of ensembles of 1000 random self-similar networks (RSNs) with geometrically distributed interior and exterior generators having parameters&nbsp;</span><i>p</i><sub>i</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>and<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>p</i><sub>e</sub><span>, respectively. The parameter values were chosen to replicate the observed topology of real river networks. We calculated flow hydrographs in each of these networks by numerically solving the link-based mass and momentum conservation equation under the assumption of constant flow velocity. From these simulated RSNs and hydrographs, the scaling exponents β and φ characterizing power laws with respect to drainage area, and corresponding to the width functions and flow hydrographs respectively, were estimated. We found that, in general, φ &gt; β, which supports a similar finding first reported for simulations in the river network of the Walnut Gulch basin, Arizona. Theoretical estimation of β and φ in RSNs is a complex open problem. Therefore, using results for a simpler problem associated with the expected width function and expected hydrograph for an ensemble of RSNs, we give heuristic arguments for theoretical derivations of the scaling exponents β</span><sup><i>(E)</i></sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>and φ</span><sup><i>(E)</i></sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>that depend on the Horton ratios for stream lengths and areas. These ratios in turn have a known dependence on the parameters of the geometric distributions of RSN generators. Good agreement was found between the analytically conjectured values of β</span><sup><i>(E)</i></sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>and φ</span><sup><i>(E)</i></sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>and the values estimated by the simulated ensembles of RSNs and hydrographs. The independence of the scaling exponents φ</span><sup><i>(E)</i></sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>and φ with respect to the value of flow velocity and runoff intensity implies an interesting connection between unit hydrograph theory and flow dynamics. Our results provide a reference framework to study scaling exponents under more complex scenarios of flow dynamics and runoff generation processes using ensembles of RSNs.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"European Geosciences Union","doi":"10.5194/npg-18-489-2011","usgsCitation":"Troutman, B.M., Mantilla, R., and Gupta, V.K., 2011, Scaling of peak flows with constant flow velocity in random self-similar networks: Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics, v. 18, no. 4, p. 489-502, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-18-489-2011.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"489","endPage":"502","ipdsId":"IP-020233","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474976,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-18-489-2011","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":344482,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-07-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59819316e4b0e2f5d463b7ab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Troutman, Brent M.","contributorId":195329,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Troutman","given":"Brent","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mantilla, Ricardo","contributorId":195330,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mantilla","given":"Ricardo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Gupta, Vijay K.","contributorId":195331,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gupta","given":"Vijay","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70190361,"text":"70190361 - 2011 - The rising sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-28T17:01:49","indexId":"70190361","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The rising sea","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.<br></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Coastal Education and Research Foundation","doi":"10.2112/10A-00002.1","usgsCitation":"Schwab, W.C., 2011, The rising sea: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 27, no. 1, p. 202-203, https://doi.org/10.2112/10A-00002.1.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"202","endPage":"203","ipdsId":"IP-018370","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474977,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2112/10a-00002.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":345221,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59a52bd6e4b0fa5ae7c74841","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schwab, William C. 0000-0001-9274-5154 bschwab@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9274-5154","contributorId":417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwab","given":"William","email":"bschwab@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70034460,"text":"70034460 - 2011 - Estimating site occupancy rates for aquatic plants using spatial sub-sampling designs when detection probabilities are less than one","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-15T17:52:07.892043","indexId":"70034460","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":861,"text":"Aquatic Botany","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating site occupancy rates for aquatic plants using spatial sub-sampling designs when detection probabilities are less than one","docAbstract":"<p><span>Estimation of site occupancy rates when detection probabilities are &lt;1 is well established in wildlife science. Data from multiple visits to a sample of sites are used to estimate detection probabilities and the proportion of sites occupied by focal species. In this article we describe how site occupancy methods can be applied to estimate occupancy rates of plants and other sessile organisms. We illustrate this approach and the pitfalls of ignoring incomplete detection using spatial data for 2 aquatic vascular plants collected under the Upper Mississippi River's Long Term Resource Monitoring Program (LTRMP). Site occupancy models considered include: a naïve model that ignores incomplete detection, a simple site occupancy model assuming a constant occupancy rate and a constant probability of detection across sites, several models that allow site occupancy rates and probabilities of detection to vary with habitat characteristics, and mixture models that allow for unexplained variation in detection probabilities. We used information theoretic methods to rank competing models and bootstrapping to evaluate the goodness-of-fit of the final models. Results of our analysis confirm that ignoring incomplete detection can result in biased estimates of occupancy rates. Estimates of site occupancy rates for 2 aquatic plant species were 19–36% higher compared to naive estimates that ignored probabilities of detection &lt;1. Simulations indicate that final models have little bias when 50 or more sites are sampled, and little gains in precision could be expected for sample sizes &gt;300. We recommend applying site occupancy methods for monitoring presence of aquatic species.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2011.06.004","issn":"03043770","usgsCitation":"Nielson, R.M., Gray, B., McDonald, L., and Heglund, P., 2011, Estimating site occupancy rates for aquatic plants using spatial sub-sampling designs when detection probabilities are less than one: Aquatic Botany, v. 95, no. 3, p. 221-225, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquabot.2011.06.004.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"221","endPage":"225","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":381361,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"95","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0b44e4b0c8380cd52654","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nielson, R. M.","contributorId":22967,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nielson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gray, B. R. 0000-0001-7682-9550","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7682-9550","contributorId":14785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"B. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McDonald, L.L.","contributorId":19906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDonald","given":"L.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Heglund, P.J.","contributorId":44505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heglund","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70136183,"text":"70136183 - 2011 - Projected status of the Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) in the twenty-first century","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-16T17:49:56","indexId":"70136183","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-01T16:45:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3093,"text":"Polar Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Projected status of the Pacific walrus (<i>Odobenus rosmarus divergens</i>) in the twenty-first century","title":"Projected status of the Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) in the twenty-first century","docAbstract":"<p><span>Extensive and rapid losses of sea ice in the Arctic have raised conservation concerns for the Pacific walrus (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Odobenus rosmarus divergens</i><span>), a large pinniped inhabiting arctic and subarctic continental shelf waters of the Chukchi and Bering seas. We developed a Bayesian network model to integrate potential effects of changing environmental conditions and anthropogenic stressors on the future status of the Pacific walrus population at four periods through the twenty-first century. The model framework allowed for inclusion of various sources and levels of knowledge, and representation of structural and parameter uncertainties. Walrus outcome probabilities through the century reflected a clear trend of worsening conditions for the subspecies. From the current observation period to the end of century, the greatest change in walrus outcome probabilities was a progressive decrease in the outcome state of robust and a concomitant increase in the outcome state of vulnerable. The probabilities of rare and extirpated states each progressively increased but remained &lt;10% through the end of the century. The summed probabilities of vulnerable, rare, and extirpated (P(v,r,e)) increased from a current level of 10% in 2004 to 22% by 2050 and 40% by 2095. The degree of uncertainty in walrus outcomes increased monotonically over future periods. In the model, sea ice habitat (particularly for summer/fall) and harvest levels had the greatest influence on future population outcomes. Other potential stressors had much smaller influences on walrus outcomes, mostly because of uncertainty in their future states and our current poor understanding of their mechanistic influence on walrus abundance.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00300-011-0967-4","usgsCitation":"Jay, C.V., Marcot, B., and Douglas, D.C., 2011, Projected status of the Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) in the twenty-first century: Polar Biology, v. 34, no. 7, p. 1065-1084, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-011-0967-4.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"1065","endPage":"1084","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-024044","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296959,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c2ee4b08de9379b3692","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jay, Chadwick V. 0000-0002-9559-2189 cjay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9559-2189","contributorId":192736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jay","given":"Chadwick","email":"cjay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marcot, Bruce G.","contributorId":58015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marcot","given":"Bruce G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Douglas, David C. 0000-0003-0186-1104 ddouglas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0186-1104","contributorId":2388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"David","email":"ddouglas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70136194,"text":"70136194 - 2011 - An individual and a sex odor signature in kittiwakes? Study of the semiochemical composition of preen secretion and preen down feathers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-08T10:07:35","indexId":"70136194","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-01T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3836,"text":"Naturwissenschaften","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An individual and a sex odor signature in kittiwakes? Study of the semiochemical composition of preen secretion and preen down feathers","docAbstract":"<p>The importance of olfaction in birds' social behavior has long been denied. Avian chemical signaling has thus been relatively unexplored. The black-legged kittiwake provides a particularly appropriate model for investigating this topic. Kittiwakes preferentially mate with genetically dissimilar individuals, but the cues used to assess genetic characteristics remain unknown. As in other vertebrates, their body odors may carry individual and sexual signatures thus potentially reliably signaling individual genetic makeup. Here, we test whether body odors in preen gland secretion and preen down feathers in kittiwakes may provide a sex and an individual signature. Using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, we found that male and female odors differ quantitatively, suggesting that scent may be one of the multiple cues used by birds to discriminate between sexes. We further detected an individual signature in the volatile and nonvolatile fractions of preen secretion and preen down feathers. These results suggest that kittiwake body odor may function as a signal associated with mate recognition. It further suggests that preen odor might broadcast the genetic makeup of individuals, and could be used in mate choice to assess the genetic compatibility of potential mates.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer-Verlag Heidelberg","publisherLocation":"Heidelberg","doi":"10.1007/s00114-011-0809-9","usgsCitation":"Leclaire, S., Merkling, T., Raynaud, C., Giacinti, G., Bessiere, J., Hatch, S.A., and Danchin, E., 2011, An individual and a sex odor signature in kittiwakes? Study of the semiochemical composition of preen secretion and preen down feathers: Naturwissenschaften, v. 98, no. 7, p. 615-624, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00114-011-0809-9.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"615","endPage":"624","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-026626","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297077,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":296876,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00114-011-0809-9"}],"volume":"98","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2b2ee4b08de9379b3296","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leclaire, Sarah","contributorId":46385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leclaire","given":"Sarah","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Merkling, Thomas","contributorId":19453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merkling","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Raynaud, C.","contributorId":46313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raynaud","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Giacinti, Geraldine","contributorId":138561,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Giacinti","given":"Geraldine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bessiere, J.-M.","contributorId":107107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bessiere","given":"J.-M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hatch, Scott A. 0000-0002-0064-8187 shatch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-8187","contributorId":2625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"Scott","email":"shatch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Danchin, Etienne","contributorId":69034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Danchin","given":"Etienne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70005568,"text":"70005568 - 2011 - National Wildlife Health Center's quarterly wildlife mortality report January 2011 to March 2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-13T15:30:41.351527","indexId":"70005568","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-01T10:01:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3769,"text":"Wildlife Disease Association Newsletter","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"National Wildlife Health Center's quarterly wildlife mortality report January 2011 to March 2011","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, KS","usgsCitation":"Ballmann, A., White, C.L., and Bradsby, J., 2011, National Wildlife Health Center's quarterly wildlife mortality report January 2011 to March 2011: Wildlife Disease Association Newsletter, no. July 2011, p. 7-8.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"7","endPage":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2011-01-01","temporalEnd":"2011-03-31","ipdsId":"IP-030755","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204705,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":115769,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.wildlifedisease.org/PersonifyEbusiness/Resources/Publications/Newsletter/Archive","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"otherGeospatial":"North America","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -180.17578125,\n              17.14079039331665\n            ],\n            [\n              -180.17578125,\n              72.71190310803662\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.7421875,\n              72.71190310803662\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.7421875,\n              17.14079039331665\n            ],\n            [\n              -180.17578125,\n              17.14079039331665\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","issue":"July 2011","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbba4e4b08c986b32874e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ballmann, Anne 0000-0002-0380-056X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0380-056X","contributorId":104631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ballmann","given":"Anne","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"White, C. LeAnn 0000-0002-5004-5165","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5004-5165","contributorId":29571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"LeAnn","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bradsby, Jennifer","contributorId":33664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradsby","given":"Jennifer","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70173524,"text":"70173524 - 2011 - Avian influenza shedding patterns in waterfowl: implications for surveillance, environmental transmission, and disease spread","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-15T16:50:51","indexId":"70173524","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Avian influenza shedding patterns in waterfowl: implications for surveillance, environmental transmission, and disease spread","docAbstract":"<p><span>Despite the recognized importance of fecal/oral transmission of low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) via contaminated wetlands, little is known about the length, quantity, or route of AI virus shed by wild waterfowl. We used published laboratory challenge studies to evaluate the length and quantity of low pathogenic (LP) and highly pathogenic (HP) virus shed via oral and cloacal routes by AI-infected ducks and geese, and how these factors might influence AI epidemiology and virus detection. We used survival analysis to estimate the duration of infection (from virus inoculation to the last day virus was shed) and nonlinear models to evaluate temporal patterns in virus shedding. We found higher mean virus titer and longer median infectious period for LPAI-infected ducks (10&ndash;11.5 days in oral and cloacal swabs) than HPAI-infected ducks (5 days) and geese (7.5 days). Based on the median bird infectious dose, we found that environmental contamination is two times higher for LPAI- than HPAI-infectious ducks, which implies that susceptible birds may have a higher probability of infection during LPAI than HPAI outbreaks. Less environmental contamination during the course of infection and previously documented shorter environmental persistence for HPAI than LPAI suggest that the environment is a less favorable reservoir for HPAI. The longer infectious period, higher virus titers, and subclinical infections with LPAI viruses favor the spread of these viruses by migratory birds in comparison to HPAI. Given the lack of detection of HPAI viruses through worldwide surveillance, we suggest monitoring for AI should aim at improving our understanding of AI dynamics (in particular, the role of the environment and immunity) using long-term comprehensive live bird, serologic, and environmental sampling at targeted areas. Our findings on LPAI and HPAI shedding patterns over time provide essential information to parameterize environmental transmission and virus spread in predictive epizootiologic models of disease risks.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-47.3.566","usgsCitation":"Henaux, V., and Samuel, M.D., 2011, Avian influenza shedding patterns in waterfowl: implications for surveillance, environmental transmission, and disease spread: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 47, no. 3, p. 566-578, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-47.3.566.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"566","endPage":"578","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-024605","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474978,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-47.3.566","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323724,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57627c2ee4b07657d19a69cc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henaux, Viviane","contributorId":171388,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Henaux","given":"Viviane","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24576,"text":"University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":639149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Samuel, Michael D. msamuel@usgs.gov","contributorId":1419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Samuel","given":"Michael","email":"msamuel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70189036,"text":"70189036 - 2011 - Newer views of the Moon: Comparing spectra from Clementine and the Moon Mineralogy Mapper","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-03T15:18:52.272959","indexId":"70189036","displayToPublicDate":"2011-06-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2312,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Newer views of the Moon: Comparing spectra from Clementine and the Moon Mineralogy Mapper","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M</span><sup>3</sup><span>) provided the first global hyperspectral data of the lunar surface in 85 bands from 460 to 2980 nm. The Clementine mission provided the first global multispectral maps the lunar surface in 11 spectral bands across the ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) and near-infrared (NIR). In an effort to understand how M</span><sup>3</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>improves our ability to analyze and interpret lunar data, we compare M</span><sup>3</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>spectra with those from Clementine's UV-VIS and NIR cameras. The Clementine mission provided the first global multispectral maps the lunar surface in 11 spectral bands across the UV-VIS and NIR. We have found that M</span><sup>3</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>reflectance values are lower across all wavelengths compared with albedos from both of Clementine's UV-VIS and NIR cameras. M</span><sup>3</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>spectra show the Moon to be redder, that is, have a steeper continuum slope, than indicated by Clementine. The 1<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>μ</i><span>m absorption band depths may be comparable between the instruments, but Clementine data consistently exhibit shallower 2<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>μ</i><span>m band depths than M</span><sup>3</sup><span>. Absorption band minimums are difficult to compare due to the significantly different spectral resolutions.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1029/2010JE003728","usgsCitation":"Georgiana Y. Kramer, Besse, S., Nettles, J., Combe, J., Clark, R.N., Pieters, C.M., Matthew Staid, Boardman, J., Green, R., McCord, T.B., Malaret, E., and Head, J.W., 2011, Newer views of the Moon: Comparing spectra from Clementine and the Moon Mineralogy Mapper: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 116, no. E6, p. 1-11, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JE003728.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"11","ipdsId":"IP-024466","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474980,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2010je003728","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":343135,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Moon","volume":"116","issue":"E6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-04-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595611c7e4b0d1f9f05067e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Georgiana Y. Kramer","contributorId":193886,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Georgiana Y. Kramer","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Besse, Sebastian","contributorId":193890,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Besse","given":"Sebastian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nettles, Jeff","contributorId":193915,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nettles","given":"Jeff","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Combe, Jean-Philippe","contributorId":193887,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Combe","given":"Jean-Philippe","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Clark, Roger N. 0000-0002-7021-1220 rclark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7021-1220","contributorId":515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Roger","email":"rclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Pieters, Carle M.","contributorId":193891,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pieters","given":"Carle","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Matthew Staid","contributorId":193907,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Matthew Staid","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Boardman, Joseph","contributorId":193888,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boardman","given":"Joseph","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Green, Robert","contributorId":193889,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Green","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"McCord, Thomas B.","contributorId":193920,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCord","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Malaret, Erik","contributorId":193919,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Malaret","given":"Erik","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Head, James W. III","contributorId":102954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Head","given":"James","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}}
,{"id":70046492,"text":"70046492 - 2011 - Isotopic tracing of perchlorate in the environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-29T09:42:42","indexId":"70046492","displayToPublicDate":"2011-06-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Isotopic tracing of perchlorate in the environment","docAbstract":"<p><span>Isotopic measurements can be used for tracing the sources and behavior of environmental contaminants. Perchlorate (ClO</span><span class=\"Stack\"> <sub>4</sub> <sup>−</sup> </span><span>) has been detected widely in groundwater, soils, fertilizers, plants, milk, and human urine since 1997, when improved analytical methods for analyzing ClO</span><span class=\"Stack\"> <sub>4</sub> <sup>−</sup></span><span>concentration became available for routine use. Perchlorate ingestion poses a risk to human health because of its interference with thyroidal hormone production. Consequently, methods for isotopic analysis of ClO</span><span class=\"Stack\"> <sub>4</sub> <sup>−</sup> </span><span>have been developed and applied to assist evaluation of the origin and migration of this common contaminant. Isotopic data are now available for stable isotopes of oxygen and chlorine, as well as </span><sup>36</sup><span>Cl isotopic abundances, in ClO</span><span class=\"Stack\"> <sub>4</sub> <sup>−</sup> </span><span>samples from a variety of natural and synthetic sources. These isotopic data provide a basis for distinguishing sources of ClO</span><span class=\"Stack\"> <sub>4</sub> <sup>−</sup> </span><span>found in the environment, and for understanding the origin of natural ClO</span><span class=\"Stack\"> <sub>4</sub> <sup>−</sup> </span><span>. In addition, the isotope effects of microbial ClO</span><span class=\"Stack\"> <sub>4</sub> <sup>−</sup> </span><span>reduction have been measured in laboratory and field experiments, providing a tool for assessing ClO</span><span class=\"Stack\"> <sub>4</sub> <sup>−</sup> </span><span>attenuation in the environment. Isotopic data have been used successfully in some areas for identifying major sources of ClO</span><span class=\"Stack\"> <sub>4</sub> <sup>−</sup> </span><span>contamination in drinking water supplies. Questions about the origin and global biogeochemical cycle of natural ClO</span><span class=\"Stack\"> <sub>4</sub> <sup>−</sup> </span><span>remain to be addressed; such work would benefit from the development of methods for preparation and isotopic analysis of ClO</span><span class=\"Stack\"> <sub>4</sub> <sup>−</sup> </span><span>in samples with low concentrations and complex matrices.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Handbook of environmental isotope geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-10637-8_22","isbn":"978-3-642-10636-1","usgsCitation":"Sturchio, N.C., Bohlke, J., Gu, B., Hatzinger, P., and Jackson, W.A., 2011, Isotopic tracing of perchlorate in the environment, chap. <i>of</i> Handbook of environmental isotope geochemistry, p. 437-452, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-10637-8_22.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"437","endPage":"452","ipdsId":"IP-022737","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342101,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59366dade4b0f6c2d0d7d648","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Baskaran, Mark","contributorId":87867,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baskaran","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7147,"text":"Wayne State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":697108,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Sturchio, Neil C.","contributorId":149375,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sturchio","given":"Neil","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":15289,"text":"University of Illinois, Ven Te Chow Hydrosystems Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":697103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bohlke, J.K. 0000-0001-5693-6455 jkbohlke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":191103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohlke","given":"J.K.","email":"jkbohlke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gu, Baohua","contributorId":15504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gu","given":"Baohua","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hatzinger, Paul B.","contributorId":43204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatzinger","given":"Paul B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jackson, W. Andrew","contributorId":191113,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jackson","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70168587,"text":"70168587 - 2011 - Loading of the San Andreas fault by flood-induced rupture of faults beneath the Salton Sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-22T14:15:31","indexId":"70168587","displayToPublicDate":"2011-06-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2845,"text":"Nature Geoscience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Loading of the San Andreas fault by flood-induced rupture of faults beneath the Salton Sea","docAbstract":"<p><span>The southern San Andreas fault has not experienced a large earthquake for approximately 300 years, yet the previous five earthquakes occurred at ~180-year intervals. Large strike-slip faults are often segmented by lateral stepover zones.&nbsp;Movement on smaller faults within a stepover zone could perturb the main fault segments and potentially trigger a large earthquake. The southern San Andreas fault terminates in an extensional stepover zone beneath the Salton Sea&mdash;a lake that has experienced periodic flooding and desiccation since the late Holocene. Here we reconstruct the magnitude and timing of fault activity beneath the Salton Sea over several earthquake cycles. We observe coincident timing between flooding events, stepover fault displacement and ruptures on the San Andreas fault. Using Coulomb stress models, we show that the combined effect of lake loading, stepover fault movement and increased pore pressure could increase stress on the southern San Andreas fault to levels sufficient to induce failure. We conclude that rupture of the stepover faults, caused by periodic flooding of the palaeo-Salton Sea and by tectonic forcing, had the potential to trigger earthquake rupture on the southern San Andreas fault. Extensional stepover zones are highly susceptible to rapid stress loading and thus the Salton Sea may be a nucleation point for large ruptures on the southern San Andreas fault.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Nature Pub. Group","doi":"10.1038/ngeo1184","usgsCitation":"Brothers, D.S., Kilb, D., Luttrell, K., Driscoll, N.W., and Kent, G., 2011, Loading of the San Andreas fault by flood-induced rupture of faults beneath the Salton Sea: Nature Geoscience, v. 4, p. 486-492, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1184.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"486","endPage":"492","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-024130","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318289,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico, United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Salton Sea","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -114,\n              34\n            ],\n            [\n              -114,\n              32\n            ],\n            [\n              -117,\n              32\n            ],\n            [\n              -117,\n              34\n            ],\n            [\n              -114,\n              34\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56cc3fefe4b059daa47e4632","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brothers, Daniel S. 0000-0001-7702-157X dbrothers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7702-157X","contributorId":167089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brothers","given":"Daniel","email":"dbrothers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kilb, Debi","contributorId":90892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kilb","given":"Debi","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Luttrell, Karen","contributorId":92971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luttrell","given":"Karen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Driscoll, Neal W.","contributorId":140186,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Driscoll","given":"Neal","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":12888,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, Univ of California","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Kent, Graham","contributorId":7608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kent","given":"Graham","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}}
,{"id":70154916,"text":"70154916 - 2011 - Interactions with other large herbivores: Chapter 9","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-08T11:36:21","indexId":"70154916","displayToPublicDate":"2011-06-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Interactions with other large herbivores: Chapter 9","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biology and management of white-tailed deer","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"CRC Press","publisherLocation":"Boca Raton, FL","isbn":"9781439806517","usgsCitation":"Jenks, J., and Leslie, D., 2011, Interactions with other large herbivores: Chapter 9, chap. <i>of</i> Biology and management of white-tailed deer, p. 287-310.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"287","endPage":"310","ipdsId":"IP-021913","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340922,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":340921,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.crcpress.com/Biology-and-Management-of-White-tailed-Deer/Hewitt/p/book/9781439806517"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"591183b9e4b0e541a03c1a8c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jenks, Jonathan A.","contributorId":51591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenks","given":"Jonathan A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leslie, David M. Jr. cleslie@usgs.gov","contributorId":145497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leslie","given":"David M.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"cleslie@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":564346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70173506,"text":"70173506 - 2011 - Population genetic structure of clinical and environmental isolates of Blastomyces dermatitidis based on 27 polymorphic microsatellite markers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-09T15:50:36","indexId":"70173506","displayToPublicDate":"2011-06-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":850,"text":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population genetic structure of clinical and environmental isolates of Blastomyces dermatitidis based on 27 polymorphic microsatellite markers","docAbstract":"<p><span id=\"named-content-2\" class=\"named-content genus-species\">Blastomyces dermatitidis</span><span>, a thermally dimorphic fungus, is the etiologic agent of North American blastomycosis. Clinical presentation is varied, ranging from silent infections to fulminant respiratory disease and dissemination to skin and other sites. Exploration of the population genetic structure of&nbsp;</span><span id=\"named-content-3\" class=\"named-content genus-species\">B. dermatitidis</span><span>&nbsp;would improve our knowledge regarding variation in virulence phenotypes, geographic distribution, and difference in host specificity. The objective of this study was to develop and test a panel of microsatellite markers to delineate the population genetic structure within a group of clinical and environmental isolates of&nbsp;</span><span id=\"named-content-4\" class=\"named-content genus-species\">B. dermatitidis</span><span>. We developed 27 microsatellite markers and genotyped&nbsp;</span><span id=\"named-content-5\" class=\"named-content genus-species\">B. dermatitidis</span><span>&nbsp;isolates from various hosts and environmental sources (</span><i>n</i><span>=112). Assembly of a neighbor-joining tree of allele-sharing distance revealed two genetically distinct groups, separated by a deep node. Bayesian admixture analysis showed that two populations were statistically supported. Principal coordinate analysis also reinforced support for two genetic groups, with the primary axis explaining 61.41% of the genetic variability. Group 1 isolates average 1.8 alleles/locus, whereas group 2 isolates are highly polymorphic, averaging 8.2 alleles/locus. In this data set, alleles at three loci are unshared between the two groups and appear diagnostic. The mating type of individual isolates was determined by PCR. Both mating type-specific genes, the HMG and &alpha;-box domains, were represented in each of the genetic groups, with slightly more isolates having the HMG allele. One interpretation of this study is that the species currently designated&nbsp;</span><span id=\"named-content-6\" class=\"named-content genus-species\">B. dermatitidis</span><span>&nbsp;includes a cryptic subspecies or perhaps a separate species.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/AEM.00258-11","usgsCitation":"Meece, J.K., Anderson, J.L., Fisher, M.C., Henk, D.A., Sloss, B.L., and Reed, K.D., 2011, Population genetic structure of clinical and environmental isolates of Blastomyces dermatitidis based on 27 polymorphic microsatellite markers: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 77, no. 15, p. 5123-5131, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00258-11.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"5123","endPage":"5131","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-029129","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474982,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3147431","text":"External Repository"},{"id":323432,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"77","issue":"15","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575a9335e4b04f417c275172","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meece, Jennifer K.","contributorId":171700,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meece","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Jennifer L.","contributorId":171701,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fisher, Matthew C.","contributorId":127711,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fisher","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":7115,"text":"Imperial College of London","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":638330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Henk, Daniel A.","contributorId":171702,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Henk","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sloss, Brian L. bsloss@usgs.gov","contributorId":702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sloss","given":"Brian","email":"bsloss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":637218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Reed, Kurt D.","contributorId":171703,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reed","given":"Kurt","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70210766,"text":"70210766 - 2011 - A loess–paleosol record of climate and glacial history over the past two glacial–interglacial cycles (~ 150 ka), southern Jackson Hole, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-25T14:51:21.062832","indexId":"70210766","displayToPublicDate":"2011-06-23T13:51:04","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A loess–paleosol record of climate and glacial history over the past two glacial–interglacial cycles (~ 150 ka), southern Jackson Hole, Wyoming","docAbstract":"<p><span>Loess accumulated on a Bull Lake outwash terrace of Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage 6 (MIS 6) age in southern Jackson Hole, Wyoming. The 9 m section displays eight intervals of loess deposition (Loess 1 to Loess 8, oldest), each followed by soil development. Our age-depth model is constrained by thermoluminescence, meteoric&nbsp;</span><span class=\"sup\">10</span><span>Be accumulation in soils, and cosmogenic&nbsp;</span><span class=\"sup\">10</span><span>Be surface exposure ages. We use particle size, geochemical, mineral-magnetic, and clay mineralogical data to interpret loess sources and pedogenesis. Deposition of MIS 6 loess was followed by a tripartite soil/thin loess complex (Soils 8, 7, and 6) apparently reflecting the large climatic oscillations of MIS 5. Soil 8 (MIS 5e) shows the strongest development. Loess 5 accumulated during a glacial interval (~ 76–69 ka; MIS 4) followed by soil development under conditions wetter and probably colder than present. Deposition of thick Loess 3 (~ 43–51 ka, MIS 3) was followed by soil development comparable with that observed in Soil 1. Loess 1 (MIS 2) accumulated during the Pinedale glaciation and was followed by development of Soil 1 under a semiarid climate. This record of alternating loess deposition and soil development is compatible with the history of Yellowstone vegetation and the glacial flour record from the Sierra Nevada.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1016/j.yqres.2011.03.006","usgsCitation":"Pierce, K.L., Muhs, D., Fosberg, M.A., Mahan, S.A., Rosenbaum, J.G., Licciardi, J.M., and Pavich, M.J., 2011, A loess–paleosol record of climate and glacial history over the past two glacial–interglacial cycles (~ 150 ka), southern Jackson Hole, Wyoming: Quaternary Research, v. 76, no. 1, p. 119-141, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2011.03.006.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"119","endPage":"141","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":375827,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","city":"Jackson","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -110.96466064453125,\n              43.3351671567243\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.64880371093749,\n              43.3351671567243\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.64880371093749,\n              43.671844983221604\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.96466064453125,\n              43.671844983221604\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.96466064453125,\n              43.3351671567243\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"76","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pierce, Kenneth L. kpierce@usgs.gov","contributorId":1609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierce","given":"Kenneth","email":"kpierce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":547,"text":"Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":791328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Muhs, Daniel R. 0000-0001-7449-251X dmuhs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7449-251X","contributorId":168575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhs","given":"Daniel R.","email":"dmuhs@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":791329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fosberg, Maynard A.","contributorId":19690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fosberg","given":"Maynard","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":791330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mahan, Shannon A. 0000-0001-5214-7774 smahan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-7774","contributorId":147159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahan","given":"Shannon","email":"smahan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":791331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rosenbaum, Joseph G. jrosenbaum@usgs.gov","contributorId":1524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenbaum","given":"Joseph","email":"jrosenbaum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":791332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Licciardi, Joseph M.","contributorId":9759,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Licciardi","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12667,"text":"University of New Hampshire","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":791333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pavich, Milan J. mpavich@usgs.gov","contributorId":2348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pavich","given":"Milan","email":"mpavich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":791334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70004498,"text":"cir1370 - 2011 - An evaluation of the science needs to inform decisions on Outer Continental Shelf energy development in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-31T11:16:44","indexId":"cir1370","displayToPublicDate":"2011-06-23T13:22:41","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1370","title":"An evaluation of the science needs to inform decisions on Outer Continental Shelf energy development in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas, Alaska","docAbstract":"The U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) was asked to conduct an initial, independent evaluation of the science needs that would inform the Administration's consideration of the right places and the right ways in which to develop oil and gas resources in the Arctic Outer Continental Shelf (OCS), particularly focused on the Beaufort and Chukchi Seas. Oil and gas potential is significant in Arctic Alaska. Beyond petroleum potential, this region supports unique fish and wildlife resources and ecosystems, and indigenous people who rely on these resources for subsistence. This report summarizes key existing scientific information and provides initial guidance of what new and (or) continued research could inform decision making. This report is presented in a series of topical chapters and various appendixes each written by a subset of the USGS OCS Team based on their areas of expertise. Three chapters (Chapters 2, 3, and 4) provide foundational information on geology; ecology and subsistence; and climate settings important to understanding the conditions pertinent to development in the Arctic OCS. These chapters are followed by three chapters that examine the scientific understanding, science gaps, and science sufficiency questions regarding oil-spill risk, response, and impact (Chapter 5), marine mammals and anthropogenic noise (Chapter 6), and cumulative impacts (Chapter 7). Lessons learned from the 1989 Exxon Valdez Oil Spill are included to identify valuable \"pre-positioned\" science and scientific approaches to improved response and reduced uncertainty in damage assessment and restoration efforts (appendix D). An appendix on Structured Decision Making (appendix C) is included to illustrate the value of such tools that go beyond, but incorporate, science in looking at what can/should be done about policy and implementation of Arctic development. The report provides a series of findings and recommendations for consideration developed during the independent examination of science gaps and sufficiency. These recommendations are important for understanding what the USGS discovered in the course of this study and to help inform and improve decision making.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/cir1370","usgsCitation":"Holland-Bartels, L., and Pierce, B., 2011, An evaluation of the science needs to inform decisions on Outer Continental Shelf energy development in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1370, x, 222 p.; Appendices; 8 Chapters, https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1370.","productDescription":"x, 222 p.; Appendices; 8 Chapters","numberOfPages":"222","costCenters":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116234,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/cir_1370.jpg"},{"id":21923,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1370","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -179,67.75 ], [ -179,74 ], [ -135,74 ], [ -135,67.75 ], [ -179,67.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad8e4b07f02db68482b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holland-Bartels, Leslie","contributorId":99255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holland-Bartels","given":"Leslie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pierce, Brenda","contributorId":29940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierce","given":"Brenda","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70004705,"text":"fs20113048 - 2011 - An evaluation of the science needs to inform decisions on Outer Continental Shelf energy development in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-31T11:16:21","indexId":"fs20113048","displayToPublicDate":"2011-06-23T13:22:41","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-3048","title":"An evaluation of the science needs to inform decisions on Outer Continental Shelf energy development in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas, Alaska","docAbstract":"On March 31, 2010, Secretary of the Interior Ken Salazar announced a national strategy for Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) oil and gas development. In that announcement, the Administration outlined a three-pronged approach (U.S. Department of the Interior, 2010a): Development: \"...expand development and production throughout the Gulf of Mexico, including resource-rich areas of the Eastern Gulf of Mexico...\" Exploration: \"...expand oil and gas exploration in frontier areas, such as the Arctic Ocean and areas in the Atlantic Ocean, to gather the information necessary to develop resources in the right places and the right ways.\" Conservation: \"...calls for the protection of special areas like Bristol Bay in Alaska...national treasure[s] that we must protect for future generations.\" In a companion announcement (U.S. Department of the Interior, 2010b), within the Administration's \"Exploration\" component, the Secretary asked the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to conduct an initial, independent evaluation of the science needs that would inform the Administration's consideration of the right places and the right ways in which to develop oil and gas resources in the Arctic OCS, particularly focused on the Beaufort and Chukchi Seas (fig. 1).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20113048","usgsCitation":"Holland-Bartels, L., and Pierce, B., 2011, An evaluation of the science needs to inform decisions on Outer Continental Shelf energy development in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2011-3048, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20113048.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116233,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2011_3048.png"},{"id":21924,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2011/3048","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -178,56.5 ], [ -178,74 ], [ -135,74 ], [ -135,56.5 ], [ -178,56.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad6e4b07f02db6842f9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holland-Bartels, Leslie","contributorId":99255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holland-Bartels","given":"Leslie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pierce, Brenda","contributorId":29940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierce","given":"Brenda","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70004711,"text":"fs20113054 - 2011 - Characterizing contaminant concentrations with depth by using the USGS well profiler in Oklahoma, 2003-9","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-30T17:16:17","indexId":"fs20113054","displayToPublicDate":"2011-06-23T13:22:41","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-3054","title":"Characterizing contaminant concentrations with depth by using the USGS well profiler in Oklahoma, 2003-9","docAbstract":"Since 2003, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Oklahoma Water Science Center has been using the USGS well profiler to characterize changes in water contribution and contaminant concentrations with depth in pumping public-supply wells in selected aquifers. The tools and methods associated with the well profiler, which were first developed by the USGS California Water Science Center, have been used to investigate common problems such as saline water intrusion in high-yield irrigation wells and metals contamination in high-yield public-supply wells.\nThe USGS well profiler is a slim (less than 1 inch in diameter), high-pressure hose that can be raised and lowered between the production pipe and casing (or borehole) of a well by using a motorized hose reel. Use of this tool is considerably less expensive than use of standard methods of depth-dependent sampling, and the USGS well profiler generally requires less downtime of the well. In terms of data quality, the greatest advantage of the USGS well profiler is that all data collection is performed under production pumping rates.\nIn Oklahoma, the USGS well profiler has been modified and adapted for use in low-yield (150?350 gallons per minute) wells of various construction types common in Oklahoma. This tool has been used in selected public-supply wells in Hinton, Moore, and Norman to identify which producing zones are contaminated by naturally occurring arsenic. The tool and method also can be used to investigate other nonvolatile contaminants of interest, including uranium, radium, barium, boron, lead, selenium, sulfate, chloride, fluoride, nitrate, and chromium.\nIn 2007, the USGS well profiler was used to investigate saline water intrusion in a deep public-supply well completed in the Ozark (Roubidoux) aquifer. In northeast Oklahoma, where the Ozark aquifer is known to be susceptible to contamination from mining activities, the well profiler also could be used to investigate sources (depths) of metals contamination and to identify routes of entry of metals to production wells.Water suppliers can consider well rehabilitation as a potential remediation strategy because of the ability to identify changes in contaminant concentrations with depth in individual wells with the USGS well profiler. Well rehabilitation methods, which are relatively inexpensive compared to drilling and completing new wells, involve modifying the construction or operation of a well to enhance the production of water from zones with lesser concentrations of a contaminant or to limit the production of water from zones with greater concentrations of a contaminant. One of the most effective well rehabilitation methods is zonal isolation, in which water from contaminated zones is excluded from production through installation of cement plugs or packers. By using relatively simple and inexpensive well rehabilitation methods, water suppliers may be able to decrease exposure of customers to contaminants and avoid costly installation of additional wells, conveyance infrastructure, and treatment technologies.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20113054","usgsCitation":"Smith, S.J., and Becker, C., 2011, Characterizing contaminant concentrations with depth by using the USGS well profiler in Oklahoma, 2003-9: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2011-3054, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20113054.","productDescription":"4 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116231,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2011_3054.jpg"},{"id":260022,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2011/3054/pdf/FS2011-3054.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":21930,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2011/3054/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"100000","projection":"Albers Equal-Area Conic","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -103,34 ], [ -103,37 ], [ -95,37 ], [ -95,34 ], [ -103,34 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4cf9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, S. Jerrod 0000-0002-9379-8167 sjsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9379-8167","contributorId":981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"S.","email":"sjsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Jerrod","affiliations":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Becker, Carol 0000-0001-6652-4542 cjbecker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6652-4542","contributorId":2489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Becker","given":"Carol","email":"cjbecker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70004713,"text":"fs20113071 - 2011 - USGS St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center--Research activities in the U.S. Virgin Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:59","indexId":"fs20113071","displayToPublicDate":"2011-06-23T13:22:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-3071","title":"USGS St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center--Research activities in the U.S. Virgin Islands","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center in Florida investigates earth-science processes related to coastal and marine environments as well as to societal implications of natural hazards, resource sustainability, and environmental change. The Center is conducting ongoing research in and around the U.S. Virgin Islands that is providing baseline information for resource management and for assessing the health of and environmental changes to vital ecosystems such as coral reefs. In particular, projects are improving the understanding of coral health, advancing the ability to forecast future changes in coral reef ecosystems, and acquiring topographic data for use in inventorying, monitoring, and conserving coastal and marine environments.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20113071","usgsCitation":"Cimitile, M., 2011, USGS St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center--Research activities in the U.S. Virgin Islands: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2011-3071, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20113071.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"4","numberOfPages":"4","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116232,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2011_3071.gif"},{"id":21931,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2011/3071/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Virgin Islands","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -64.83333333333333,18.283611111111114 ], [ -64.83333333333333,18.3675 ], [ -64.63333333333334,18.3675 ], [ -64.63333333333334,18.283611111111114 ], [ -64.83333333333333,18.283611111111114 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afce4b07f02db69655c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cimitile, Matthew","contributorId":50276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cimitile","given":"Matthew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
]}