The preliminary geomagnetic data included here is made available to scientific personnel and organizations, as part of a cooperative effort and on a data exchange basis because of the early need by some users. To avoid delay, all of the data is copied from original forms processed at the observatory; therefore it should be regarded as preliminary.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr76300L","usgsCitation":"Townshend, J., Papp, J., Moorman, M., Deadmon, C., and Tilton, S., 1976, Preliminary geomagnetic data, College Observatory, Fairbanks, Alaska: December 1976: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 76-300, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr76300L.","productDescription":"25 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":427588,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0300-l/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":177176,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0300-l/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","city":"Fairbanks","otherGeospatial":"College Observatory","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -148.0653003052681,\n 64.95550985834566\n ],\n [\n -148.0653003052681,\n 64.8015944335609\n ],\n [\n -147.35118897714307,\n 64.8015944335609\n ],\n [\n -147.35118897714307,\n 64.95550985834566\n ],\n [\n -148.0653003052681,\n 64.95550985834566\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db67373e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Townshend, J.B.","contributorId":30623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Townshend","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Papp, J.E.","contributorId":95057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Papp","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moorman, M.J.","contributorId":12084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moorman","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Deadmon, C.E.","contributorId":17672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deadmon","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tilton, S.P.","contributorId":15670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tilton","given":"S.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":50961,"text":"ofr76300K - 1976 - Preliminary geomagnetic data, College Observatory, Fairbanks, Alaska: November 1976","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-08T22:19:55.727466","indexId":"ofr76300K","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"76-300","chapter":"K","title":"Preliminary geomagnetic data, College Observatory, Fairbanks, Alaska: November 1976","docAbstract":"The preliminary geomagnetic data included here is made available to scientific personnel and organizations, as part of a cooperative effort and on a data exchange basis because of the early need by some users. To avoid delay, all of the data is copied from original forms processed at the observatory; therefore it should be regarded as preliminary.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr76300K","usgsCitation":"Townshend, J., Papp, J., Moorman, M., Deadmon, C., and Tilton, S., 1976, Preliminary geomagnetic data, College Observatory, Fairbanks, Alaska: November 1976: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 76-300, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr76300K.","productDescription":"23 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":427584,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0300-k/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":177175,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0300-k/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","city":"Fairbanks","otherGeospatial":"College Observatory","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -148.0653003052681,\n 64.95550985834566\n ],\n [\n -148.0653003052681,\n 64.8015944335609\n ],\n [\n -147.35118897714307,\n 64.8015944335609\n ],\n [\n -147.35118897714307,\n 64.95550985834566\n ],\n [\n -148.0653003052681,\n 64.95550985834566\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db67367e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Townshend, J.B.","contributorId":30623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Townshend","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Papp, J.E.","contributorId":95057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Papp","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moorman, M.J.","contributorId":12084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moorman","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Deadmon, C.E.","contributorId":17672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deadmon","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tilton, S.P.","contributorId":15670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tilton","given":"S.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":53606,"text":"wri7611 - 1976 - Lakes Marion-Moultrie stream system investigation, South Carolina : Part II-Simulation Studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-20T11:35:07","indexId":"wri7611","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"76-11","title":"Lakes Marion-Moultrie stream system investigation, South Carolina : Part II-Simulation Studies","docAbstract":"A stream-reservoir model was developed to simulate the operation of the Lakes Marion-Moultrie, South Carolina, reservoir system. The reservoir system is operated under the assumption of a 3-day prior knowledge of inflows. This information is attainable from the ooperational reservoir-inflow forecasting model developed in the Part I report. The model, developed for this part of the study, incorporates an inflow component, a diversion-canal component, and a reservoir system component and is capable of evaluating the performance of the reservoir systemem for a variety of operating rule conditions. All model components were verified using observed reservoir input and output data for a 6-year (1967-72 water years) period. In addition, a long-term 31-year simulation under present rule of operation was performed and the results summarized statistically. The model may be used for simulating other rule curves of operation for planning studies of reservoir system performance. (See also W75-05646) (Woodard-USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri7611","usgsCitation":"Jeffcoat, H., Jennings, M., Collins, D., and Shearman, J., 1976, Lakes Marion-Moultrie stream system investigation, South Carolina : Part II-Simulation Studies: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 76-11, 26 p.; 7 figs., 5 tables, 2 ref., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7611.","productDescription":"26 p.; 7 figs., 5 tables, 2 ref.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":175165,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Lakes Marion-Moultrie stream system","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b4274","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jeffcoat, H.H.","contributorId":59471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jeffcoat","given":"H.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jennings, M.E.","contributorId":76775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jennings","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Collins, D.L.","contributorId":87936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shearman, J.O.","contributorId":33373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shearman","given":"J.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":49297,"text":"ofr76795 - 1976 - Combined use of digital aquifer models and field base-flow data to identify recharge leakage areas of artesian aquifers","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":49297,"text":"ofr76795 - 1976 - Combined use of digital aquifer models and field base-flow data to identify recharge leakage areas of artesian aquifers","indexId":"ofr76795","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"title":"Combined use of digital aquifer models and field base-flow data to identify recharge leakage areas of artesian aquifers"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70046170,"text":"70046170 - 1977 - Combined use of digital aquifer models and field base-flow data to identify recharge-leakage areas of artesian aquifers","indexId":"70046170","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"title":"Combined use of digital aquifer models and field base-flow data to identify recharge-leakage areas of artesian aquifers"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":70046170,"text":"70046170 - 1977 - Combined use of digital aquifer models and field base-flow data to identify recharge-leakage areas of artesian aquifers","indexId":"70046170","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"title":"Combined use of digital aquifer models and field base-flow data to identify recharge-leakage areas of artesian aquifers"},"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-29T13:27:51","indexId":"ofr76795","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"76-795","title":"Combined use of digital aquifer models and field base-flow data to identify recharge leakage areas of artesian aquifers","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr76795","usgsCitation":"Johnston, R., and Leahy, P., 1976, Combined use of digital aquifer models and field base-flow data to identify recharge leakage areas of artesian aquifers: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 76-795, 28 p., illus., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr76795.","productDescription":"28 p., illus.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":175406,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae70f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnston, R.H.","contributorId":19536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"R.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":239456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leahy, P.P.","contributorId":104896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leahy","given":"P.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":239457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":11202,"text":"ofr7673 - 1976 - Induced-polarization surveys applied to exploration for roll-front uranium deposits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-26T16:04:20.587179","indexId":"ofr7673","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"76-73","title":"Induced-polarization surveys applied to exploration for roll-front uranium deposits","docAbstract":"This open-file report summarizes the oral presentation given at the 45th Annual Meeting of the Society of Exploration Geophysicists. The data analysis given here is brief because of time limitations imposed at the meeting. A more detailed analysis of the data (both geological and geophysical) will be given in subsequent publications.
Our oral presentation was preceded by one given by Jeffrey Daniels and James Scott entitled \"Borehole Investigations of South Texas Uranium Deposits.\" Statements made in their presentation that are pertinent to this report are as follows: (1) a Tertiary sandstone is the host for the South Texas uranium occurrence, (2) the roll-front geometry is similar to those found in Wyoming, and (3) the roll-front does not occur at a visually obvious change from reduced to oxidized environments. A careful comparison of the IP (induced polarization) borehole logs and lithology revealed the following general points: (1) the largest IP response logged in the boreholes occurred at the uranium roll-front, and (2) the IP response can be correlated with percentage pyrite and with variations in the percentage and type of clay present.
The IP measurements reported here were made with a time-domain Huntec IP receiver. The transmitted wave-form had a two-second on-and-off period. Four windows were measured during the off-time. The second window, M2, which is given here, has a window duration of 130 milliseconds from 50 to 130 milliseconds. IP coupling is inferred not to be a serious problem in the survey data reported here, because the variations in M measurements are the same as those seen for the2 window of longest delay and length.
The data presented herein are part of a broad data set which the U.S. Geological Survey has gathered on surface geophysical methods. Other people who have been involved in the data collection, interpretation, and presentation are John Cady, David Campbell, Ralph Corken, Richard Meyer, Louis O'Connor, Tommas Nash, and James Scott.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr7673","usgsCitation":"Smith, B., and Daniels, J., 1976, Induced-polarization surveys applied to exploration for roll-front uranium deposits: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 76-73, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr7673.","productDescription":"21 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":499021,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0073/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":145518,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0073/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f3e4b07f02db5ef5b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Bruce 0000-0002-1643-2997","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1643-2997","contributorId":43350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Bruce","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Daniels, J.J.","contributorId":75929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daniels","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70112336,"text":"70112336 - 1976 - Thermographic mosaic of Yellowstone National Park","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T15:14:20","indexId":"70112336","displayToPublicDate":"1990-06-12T15:21:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thermographic mosaic of Yellowstone National Park","docAbstract":"An uncontrolled thermographic mosaic, which covers most of the area of Yellowstone National Park, has been compiled. The recording of aerial thermographic data on videotape is established as one of the prerequisites for the preparation of more accurate mosaics. Post-mission processing of the videotape record can rectify the nadir line to a topographic map base, correct for v/h variations in adjacent flight lines, correct for yaw distortions, rectify distortions caused by pitch, and rectify distortions produced by non-linearity of the side-wise scan. Installation of a thermal infrared scanning radiometer in a gyrostabilized mount and post-mission processing of the videotape record (principally rectification of side-wise scan distortion) would yield a controlled, photogrammetrically accurate thermographic mosaic. However, the techniques used in the preparation of the uncontrolled thermographic mosaic of Yellowstone National Park can be immediately applied to the preparation of regional thermographic mosaics, important to geologists and other scientists and engineers in studies of geothermal and volcanic areas, and to other types of environmental investigations such as pollution studies of large water bodies (e.g., harbors, estuaries, lakes, etc.), where a precise planimetric image is not critical.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Photogrammetry","publisherLocation":"Falls Church, VA","usgsCitation":"Williams, R., Hasell, P.G., Sellman, A.N., and Smedes, H.W., 1976, Thermographic mosaic of Yellowstone National Park: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 42, no. 10, p. 1315-1324.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1315","endPage":"1324","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":288546,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.asprs.org/Photogrammetric-Engineering-and-Remote-Sensing/PE-RS-Archive-Search-2009-and-earlier.html"},{"id":288547,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho;Montana;Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.156,44.1324 ], [ -111.156,45.109 ], [ -109.8242,45.109 ], [ -109.8242,44.1324 ], [ -111.156,44.1324 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"42","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"539acc59e4b0e83db6d09037","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, Richard S. Jr.","contributorId":90679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Richard S.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hasell, Philip G. Jr.","contributorId":77054,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hasell","given":"Philip","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sellman, Albert N.","contributorId":14741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sellman","given":"Albert","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smedes, Harry W.","contributorId":35383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smedes","given":"Harry","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70112328,"text":"70112328 - 1976 - Estudio general de la region del Lago Titicaca evaluando en forma preliminar un sistema de analisis interactivo de imagenes multiespectrales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T15:15:05","indexId":"70112328","displayToPublicDate":"1990-06-12T15:01:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3294,"text":"Revista tecnica de Yacimientos Petroliferos fiscales Bolivianos","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estudio general de la region del Lago Titicaca evaluando en forma preliminar un sistema de analisis interactivo de imagenes multiespectrales","docAbstract":"ERTS-1 digital data in the form of computer compatible tapes provide the geoscientist with an unusual opportunity to test the maximum flexibility of the satellite system using interactive computers, such as the General Electric Image 100 System. Approximately 9 hours of computer and operator time were used to analyze the Lake Titicaca image, 1443-14073, acquired 9 October 1973. The total area of the lake and associate wetlands was calculated and found to be within 3 percent of previous measurements. The area was subdivided by reflectance characteristics employing cluster analysis of all 4 bands and later compared with density values of band 4. Reflectance variations may be attributed to surface roughness, water depth and bottom characteristics, turbidity, and floating matter. Wetland marsh vegetation, vegetation related to ground-water effluents, natural grasses, and farm crops were separated by cluster analysis. Sandstone, limestone, sand dunes, and several volcanic rock types were similarly separated and displayed by assigned colors and extended through the entire scene. Waste dumps of the Matilde Zinc Mine and smaller mine workings were tentatively identified by signature analysis.
\nHistograms of reflectance values and map printouts were automatically obtained as a record of each of the principal themes. These themes were also stored on a work tape for later display and photographic record as well as to serve in training.
\nThe Image 100 System is rapid, extremely flexible and very useful to the investigator in identifying subtle features that may not be noticed by conventional image analysis. The entire scene, which covers 34,225 km2, was analyzed at a scale of 1:600,000, and portions at 1:98,000 and 1:25,000, during a 9-hour period at a rental cost of $250 per hour. Costs to the user can be reduced by restricting its uses to specific areas, objectives, and procedures, rather than undertaking a complete analysis of a total scene.
","language":"Spanish","usgsCitation":"Brockmann, C., and Carter, W.D., 1976, Estudio general de la region del Lago Titicaca evaluando en forma preliminar un sistema de analisis interactivo de imagenes multiespectrales: Revista tecnica de Yacimientos Petroliferos fiscales Bolivianos, v. 5, no. 1, p. 5-31.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"5","endPage":"31","numberOfPages":"27","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":288538,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Lake Titicaca","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -70.0311,-16.5924 ], [ -70.0311,-15.2333 ], [ -68.6767,-15.2333 ], [ -68.6767,-16.5924 ], [ -70.0311,-16.5924 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"5","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"539acbf5e4b0e83db6d08f18","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brockmann, C.E.","contributorId":11948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brockmann","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carter, William D.","contributorId":64567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70174024,"text":"70174024 - 1976 - Limnological data for the major streams in Chester County, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-23T10:57:06","indexId":"70174024","displayToPublicDate":"1977-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":375,"text":"Open-File Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Limnological data for the major streams in Chester County, Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"Limnological data on major streams in Chester County, Pennsylvania are tabulated to provide a base line as to the present stream conditions. As land-use patterns change and further urbanization takes place, it is anticipated that these data will serve as a basis for comparison of conditions in the future. The 13 basins encompass a total drainage area of 1,812 km2 (697 mi2) of the 1,976 km2 (760 mi2) within Chester County. Four of the streams are tributaries to the Schuylkill River and include Pickering, Stony Run, Pigeon, and French Creek. Tributaries to the Delaware River include Darby, Crum, Ridley, Chester, Red Clay, and White Clay Creeks. The Elk Creeks flow into the Chesapeake Bay. The Brandywine is a tributary to the Christiana River, itself a tributary to the Delaware. The Octoraro Creek is a tributary to the Susquehanna River. Chester County, which is located in the Piedmont area of Pennsylvania, is undergoing rapid transition from a rural to suburban condition as the population increases.
\nThis basic-data report contains the chemical, physical, and biological information collected for the period fall 1969 through fall 1974. The network of 50 stations is shown in figure 1, which is followed by a listing (table 1) of station numbers and a brief description of station locations. Table 2 shows the physical, chemical, and bacteriological data collected by station and date. Table 3 shows the benthic invertebrate data collected by station and date.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Harrisburg, PA","doi":"10.3133/70174024","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Chester County Water Resources Authority, Chester County Department of Health, and Chester County Board of Commissioners","usgsCitation":"Lium, B.W., 1976, Limnological data for the major streams in Chester County, Pennsylvania: Open-File Report, iv, 219 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70174024.","productDescription":"iv, 219 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324281,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70174024.jpg"},{"id":324289,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70174024/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","county":"Chester County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-75.6968,40.2417],[-75.6912,40.2388],[-75.6894,40.2378],[-75.6864,40.2387],[-75.6784,40.2436],[-75.6741,40.2458],[-75.6705,40.2466],[-75.6645,40.2461],[-75.6549,40.2428],[-75.6478,40.2404],[-75.6406,40.2371],[-75.6304,40.2347],[-75.6209,40.2305],[-75.6186,40.2277],[-75.6151,40.2245],[-75.6114,40.2244],[-75.6078,40.2258],[-75.6047,40.2275],[-75.6059,40.2294],[-75.6076,40.2326],[-75.6088,40.2348],[-75.6081,40.2366],[-75.605,40.2389],[-75.6014,40.2379],[-75.5997,40.2365],[-75.5973,40.2347],[-75.591,40.2214],[-75.5835,40.21],[-75.5801,40.2045],[-75.5796,40.2004],[-75.5766,40.1981],[-75.5724,40.1967],[-75.5694,40.1966],[-75.5676,40.1975],[-75.5645,40.2006],[-75.5644,40.2029],[-75.5655,40.207],[-75.5661,40.2093],[-75.5636,40.2101],[-75.5606,40.2096],[-75.5589,40.2073],[-75.5554,40.2023],[-75.5503,40.19],[-75.544,40.1794],[-75.5387,40.1739],[-75.527,40.1664],[-75.5275,40.1492],[-75.5239,40.1468],[-75.5184,40.1475],[-75.5127,40.1595],[-75.503,40.1593],[-75.5,40.1563],[-75.5036,40.1506],[-75.5107,40.1422],[-75.5088,40.1347],[-75.4905,40.1253],[-75.4729,40.1287],[-75.4611,40.1241],[-75.4627,40.119],[-75.4691,40.1169],[-75.4719,40.1116],[-75.4693,40.1066],[-75.4618,40.1027],[-75.4633,40.0971],[-75.4563,40.0945],[-75.4558,40.0876],[-75.4401,40.0941],[-75.4369,40.0899],[-75.42,40.0966],[-75.3927,40.0604],[-75.3669,40.0723],[-75.361,40.0668],[-75.3702,40.062],[-75.3732,40.0602],[-75.3811,40.0572],[-75.4012,40.0475],[-75.4025,40.0471],[-75.4086,40.0436],[-75.4128,40.0418],[-75.4106,40.0373],[-75.4076,40.0336],[-75.406,40.0295],[-75.4139,40.0242],[-75.4207,40.0202],[-75.4311,40.0118],[-75.4508,39.9958],[-75.452,39.9949],[-75.4532,39.994],[-75.4521,39.9926],[-75.4455,39.9925],[-75.4437,39.9925],[-75.4412,39.9933],[-75.4401,39.9915],[-75.4372,39.9865],[-75.4385,39.9842],[-75.4398,39.9811],[-75.4399,39.9793],[-75.4423,39.9788],[-75.4446,39.9807],[-75.4726,39.968],[-75.4993,39.9557],[-75.5024,39.9544],[-75.5079,39.9518],[-75.5152,39.9483],[-75.5224,39.9452],[-75.5243,39.9443],[-75.5202,39.9397],[-75.5191,39.9374],[-75.5306,39.9322],[-75.526,39.9239],[-75.5315,39.9218],[-75.5366,39.9305],[-75.5427,39.9274],[-75.5398,39.9242],[-75.5447,39.922],[-75.5424,39.9183],[-75.5502,39.9152],[-75.5468,39.9093],[-75.5553,39.9058],[-75.5576,39.9086],[-75.5601,39.9072],[-75.5583,39.904],[-75.562,39.9023],[-75.5711,39.897],[-75.573,39.8943],[-75.5714,39.8879],[-75.5799,39.8835],[-75.5822,39.8854],[-75.5834,39.8849],[-75.5852,39.8863],[-75.5888,39.8846],[-75.5842,39.8804],[-75.5981,39.8747],[-75.5952,39.8724],[-75.5934,39.8697],[-75.5935,39.8683],[-75.5959,39.8652],[-75.599,39.862],[-75.6003,39.8602],[-75.6015,39.858],[-75.601,39.8562],[-75.5975,39.8539],[-75.5939,39.8515],[-75.5946,39.8488],[-75.5965,39.8457],[-75.5978,39.8416],[-75.5973,39.8379],[-75.6146,39.835],[-75.6308,39.8314],[-75.6464,39.827],[-75.647,39.8268],[-75.6661,39.82],[-75.6775,39.8156],[-75.6928,39.8074],[-75.7056,39.7991],[-75.7177,39.7912],[-75.724,39.7866],[-75.7268,39.7845],[-75.7378,39.775],[-75.7476,39.7653],[-75.7551,39.756],[-75.7611,39.7478],[-75.7662,39.7393],[-75.77,39.731],[-75.7723,39.7231],[-75.7875,39.7231],[-76.0148,39.7228],[-76.1392,39.7223],[-76.1373,39.7262],[-76.1337,39.728],[-76.1307,39.728],[-76.1266,39.7265],[-76.1236,39.7242],[-76.1188,39.726],[-76.1187,39.7301],[-76.1205,39.7333],[-76.1198,39.7364],[-76.1144,39.7368],[-76.1115,39.735],[-76.1121,39.7318],[-76.1134,39.7287],[-76.1104,39.7268],[-76.1051,39.7254],[-76.0996,39.7285],[-76.0965,39.7326],[-76.0959,39.7362],[-76.0988,39.738],[-76.1018,39.7399],[-76.1018,39.7421],[-76.1011,39.7449],[-76.0957,39.7448],[-76.0909,39.7452],[-76.0873,39.7474],[-76.0842,39.7537],[-76.0841,39.7592],[-76.0804,39.7609],[-76.0678,39.7626],[-76.066,39.7644],[-76.0654,39.7671],[-76.0659,39.7708],[-76.0628,39.7734],[-76.0616,39.7752],[-76.0615,39.7789],[-76.0567,39.7802],[-76.0537,39.7819],[-76.0506,39.7846],[-76.0481,39.79],[-76.0444,39.7963],[-76.0377,39.8026],[-76.0352,39.808],[-76.0303,39.813],[-76.0308,39.8175],[-76.032,39.8207],[-76.0265,39.8247],[-76.0253,39.826],[-76.0252,39.8301],[-76.0234,39.831],[-76.0191,39.8319],[-76.0191,39.8337],[-76.0202,39.8378],[-76.023,39.8464],[-76.0217,39.8518],[-76.0211,39.8537],[-76.0181,39.8545],[-76.0163,39.854],[-76.0127,39.8531],[-76.0103,39.8531],[-76.0091,39.8544],[-76.007,39.8666],[-76.0051,39.8712],[-76.0039,39.873],[-76.0015,39.8738],[-75.9991,39.8734],[-75.9974,39.8715],[-75.9956,39.8701],[-75.9932,39.8697],[-75.9926,39.8706],[-75.9908,39.8719],[-75.9877,39.8732],[-75.9871,39.8746],[-75.9877,39.8768],[-75.9912,39.8801],[-75.9905,39.8828],[-75.9899,39.8868],[-75.9879,39.8927],[-75.9885,39.895],[-75.9902,39.8977],[-75.9943,39.901],[-75.9961,39.9028],[-75.9957,39.9236],[-75.9962,39.9259],[-75.998,39.9273],[-75.9968,39.9282],[-75.9938,39.9277],[-75.9926,39.9268],[-75.9914,39.9272],[-75.9902,39.9286],[-75.9859,39.9308],[-75.9841,39.9308],[-75.9823,39.9307],[-75.9811,39.9316],[-75.9805,39.9334],[-75.9822,39.9362],[-75.9875,39.9399],[-75.9915,39.9481],[-75.9921,39.9513],[-75.992,39.9544],[-75.9901,39.958],[-75.9889,39.9607],[-75.987,39.9634],[-75.9869,39.9675],[-75.9722,39.9855],[-75.964,40.0008],[-75.9628,40.0026],[-75.956,40.0125],[-75.9504,40.0197],[-75.935,40.0394],[-75.9354,40.0471],[-75.9361,40.0689],[-75.9365,40.0807],[-75.9403,40.0989],[-75.9413,40.1066],[-75.9412,40.1093],[-75.9315,40.1138],[-75.9139,40.1212],[-75.9018,40.1261],[-75.8757,40.1371],[-75.8604,40.1464],[-75.8494,40.154],[-75.7773,40.1997],[-75.7724,40.2028],[-75.7602,40.2085],[-75.7322,40.2231],[-75.6986,40.2408],[-75.6968,40.2417]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Chester\",\"state\":\"PA\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576d0832e4b07657d1a37570","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lium, Bruce W.","contributorId":75907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lium","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70171541,"text":"70171541 - 1976 - Heat-flow data and their relation to observed geothermal phenomena near Klamath Falls, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-02T14:44:10","indexId":"70171541","displayToPublicDate":"1976-12-16T14:30:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2312,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Heat-flow data and their relation to observed geothermal phenomena near Klamath Falls, Oregon","docAbstract":"Two holes were drilled to depths of about 180 m in the Lower Klamath Lake basin south of Klamath Falls, Oregon, to obtain heat flow data and to provide estimates of the thermal conductivity of the valley fill. Twenty-nine thermal conductivity determinations on eight cores give a mean conductivity of 1.82 mcal/cm s °C (0.75 W/m °K). Curvature in the upper 50 m of both terriperature profiles indicates a decrease in surface temperature of about 1.8°C, presumably resulting frorn reclamation of what was marshland in the early part of this century. A surprisingly low heat flow of 0.3 HFU (1 HFU = 10−6 cal/cm2 s = 41.8 mW/m2) was measured at site LS near the center of the basin. At site OC-1, 7 km east of LS and 2 km from the Klamath Hills geothermal zone, the heat flow was 1.44 HFU, also a low value in this setting. Temperature profiles in 15 unused water wells in the area had linear gradients ranging from 47° to 170°C/km. The corresponding lower limits of heat flow (conductivities measured at the two heat flow sites being used) range from 0.8 to 3.1 HFU. These variations in heat flow evidently are caused by temperature variations in a convecting system within the near-surface volcanic rocks and do not provide firm constraints on the nature of heat sources at depth.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1029/JB081i026p04863","issn":"0148-0227","usgsCitation":"Sass, J., and Sammel, E.A., 1976, Heat-flow data and their relation to observed geothermal phenomena near Klamath Falls, Oregon: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 81, no. 26, p. 4863-4868, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB081i026p04863.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"4863","endPage":"4868","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":322114,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"81","issue":"26","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575158b4e4b053f0edd03c57","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sass, J.H.","contributorId":70749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sass","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":631715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sammel, Edward A.","contributorId":78320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sammel","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":631716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70011158,"text":"70011158 - 1976 - Episodic strain accumulation in Southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-16T16:49:39.723261","indexId":"70011158","displayToPublicDate":"1976-11-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Episodic strain accumulation in Southern California","docAbstract":"Reexamination of horizontal geodetic data in the region of recently discovered aseismic uplift has demonstrated that equally unusual horizontal crustal deformation accompanied the development of the uplift. During this time interval compressive strains were oriented roughly normal to the San Andreas fault, suggesting that the uplift produced little shear strain accumulation across this fault. On the other hand, the orientation of the anomalous shear straining is consistent with strain accumulation across northdipping range-front thrusts like the San Fernando fault. Accordingly, the horizontal and vertical crustal deformation disclosed by geodetic observation is interpreted as a short epoch of rapid strain accumulation on these frontal faults. If this interpretation is correct, thrust-type earthquakes will eventually release the accumulated strains, but the geodetic data examined here cannot be used to estimate when these events might occur. However, observation of an unusual sequence of tilts prior to 1971 on a level line lying to the north of the magnitude 6.4 San Fernando earthquake offers some promise for precursor monitoring. The data are adequately explained by a simple model of up-dip aseismic slip propagation toward the 1971 epicentral region. These observations and the simple model that accounts for them suggest a conceptually straightforward monitoring scheme to search for similar uplift and tilt precursors within the uplifted region. Such premonitory effects could be detected by a combination of frequently repeated short (30 to 70 km in length) level line measurements, precise gravity traverses, and continuously recording gravimeters sited to the north of the active frontal thrust faults. Once identified, such precursors could be closely followed in space and time, and might then provide effective warnings of impending potentially destructive earthquakes.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.194.4266.691","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Thatcher, W., 1976, Episodic strain accumulation in Southern California: Science, v. 194, no. 4266, p. 691-695, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.194.4266.691.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"691","endPage":"695","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221024,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Southern California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.9804029819224,\n 36.30513645238112\n ],\n [\n -120.96601429202806,\n 34.360346703747\n ],\n [\n -119.17331019306403,\n 32.27556539094205\n ],\n [\n -114.34970515576546,\n 32.86548144988561\n ],\n [\n -114.08039140095518,\n 34.30260170922787\n ],\n [\n -114.596289953596,\n 34.95052476022777\n ],\n [\n -117.75432473596952,\n 37.47447472393604\n ],\n [\n -121.9804029819224,\n 36.30513645238112\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"194","issue":"4266","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0a15e4b0c8380cd521c3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thatcher, W.","contributorId":32669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thatcher","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70233434,"text":"70233434 - 1976 - Use of thermal-infrared imagery in ground-water investigations, northwestern Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-20T16:44:15.454946","indexId":"70233434","displayToPublicDate":"1976-11-01T11:37:04","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of thermal-infrared imagery in ground-water investigations, northwestern Montana","docAbstract":"Thermal-infrared imagery was used to locate ground-water inflow along a 50-mile (80-kilometre) reach of the Kootenai River and Lake Koocanusa and a 55-mi (88-km) reach of the Clark Fork of the Columbia River in northwestern Montana and northeastern Idaho. The imagery confirmed that measured streamflow gains below Noxon Rapids Dam, ranging from 1,000 to 2,500 cubic feet per second (28 to 71 cubic metres per second), resulted from inflow of ground water, which was about 2.5° Celsius warmer than surface water. The thermal scanner (8.5-11 micrometres) used in May 1972 and March 1973 was mounted in a twin-engined aircraft. On the March 1973 flight, the data were recorded in an analog format on magnetic tape in flight, later were converted to digital format, and then were computer processed using an assignment of patterns to indicate differences in water temperature. Thus, subtle temperature differences are much easier to identify than they are oh conventional film-negative displays. The output data from the image-processing program can be converted to temperature maps having an isotherm spacing of 0.5°C.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Boettcher, A.J., Haralick, R.M., Paul, C.A., and Smothers, N., 1976, Use of thermal-infrared imagery in ground-water investigations, northwestern Montana: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 4, no. 6, p. 727-732.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"727","endPage":"732","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":404134,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":404133,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1976/vol4issue6/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Clark Fork, Kootenai River, Lake Koocanusa, Noxon Rapids Dam","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116,\n 47.5\n ],\n [\n -114.98291015625,\n 47.5\n ],\n [\n -114.98291015625,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -116,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -116,\n 47.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boettcher, A. J.","contributorId":25965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boettcher","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":847093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haralick, R. M.","contributorId":63728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haralick","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":847094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Paul, C. A.","contributorId":293489,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paul","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":847095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smothers, Norman","contributorId":293490,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smothers","given":"Norman","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":847096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70233427,"text":"70233427 - 1976 - Geothermal flux through palagonitized tephra, Surtsey, Iceland: The Surtsey temperature-data-relay experiment via Landsat-1","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-20T15:42:42.446929","indexId":"70233427","displayToPublicDate":"1976-11-01T10:34:11","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geothermal flux through palagonitized tephra, Surtsey, Iceland: The Surtsey temperature-data-relay experiment via Landsat-1","docAbstract":"The net geothermal flux through palagonitized basaltic tephra rims of the Surtur I and Surtur II craters at Surtsey, Iceland, in 1972, is estimated at 780 ±325 μcal cm-2s-1, indicating a decline since 1969 when a flux of 1,500 μcal cm-2s-1 was estimated. Heat flux in this range characterizes the postvolcanic environment on Surtsey in which the subaerial palagonitization of basaltic tephra is associated with mass transfer of hydrothermal vapor, either of meteoric or sea-water origin, only a few years after cessation of eruptive activity. The flux estimation is the result of the Surtsey data-relay experiment via Landsat-1 which was carried. out in several phases. Successful field installation and test transmissions demonstrated the feasibility of repetitive long-distance (that is, 4,800-km) data transmission and reception from a volcanic environment in Iceland via the Landsat Data Collection System. Temperature data were transmitted for a 38-day period in November and December 1972. A near-surface vertical gradient of 69.4 °C/m was obtained, suggesting a mixed mechanism of heat transfer, partitioned between conduction and convection. Comparison of four methods for estimating fluxes between 500 and 1,500 μcal cm-2s-1, using temperature data derived from the Data Collection Platform, suggests that, where the only temperature available are from the surface and a depth of 1 m, methods of estimating the net geothermal flux from examination of spectral radiance are superior to methods that assume dominant convection or conduction. A computerized thermal-modeling technique to construct parametric diurnal surface-temperature curves is particularly applicable. Flux-estimation methods that assume dominant convection or conduction are limited by the lack of temperature data at greater depths and lack of knowledge of the exact energy partition.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Friedman, J., Preble, D.M., and Jakobsson, S.P., 1976, Geothermal flux through palagonitized tephra, Surtsey, Iceland: The Surtsey temperature-data-relay experiment via Landsat-1: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 4, no. 6, p. 645-659.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"645","endPage":"659","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":404122,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":404121,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1976/vol4issue6/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"Iceland","otherGeospatial":"Surtsey","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -20.622711181640625,\n 63.295099351960246\n ],\n [\n -20.58614730834961,\n 63.295099351960246\n ],\n [\n -20.58614730834961,\n 63.313685020999294\n ],\n [\n -20.622711181640625,\n 63.313685020999294\n ],\n [\n -20.622711181640625,\n 63.295099351960246\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Friedman, Jules D.","contributorId":76757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedman","given":"Jules D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":847081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Preble, Duane M.","contributorId":36560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Preble","given":"Duane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":847082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jakobsson, Sveinn P.","contributorId":40121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jakobsson","given":"Sveinn","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":847083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70233426,"text":"70233426 - 1976 - The heat capacities of Calorimetry Conference copper and of muscovite KAl2(AlSi3)O10 (OH)2, pyrophyllite Al2Si4O10(OH)2, and illite K3(Al7Mg)(Si14Al2)O40(OH)8 between 15 and 375 K and their standard entropies at 298.15 K","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-20T15:32:40.246918","indexId":"70233426","displayToPublicDate":"1976-11-01T10:17:10","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"The heat capacities of Calorimetry Conference copper and of muscovite KAl2(AlSi3)O10(OH)2, pyrophyllite Al2Si4O10(OH)2, and illite K3(Al7Mg)(Si14Al2)O40(OH)8 between 15 and 375 K and their standard entropies at 298.15 K","title":"The heat capacities of Calorimetry Conference copper and of muscovite KAl2(AlSi3)O10 (OH)2, pyrophyllite Al2Si4O10(OH)2, and illite K3(Al7Mg)(Si14Al2)O40(OH)8 between 15 and 375 K and their standard entropies at 298.15 K","docAbstract":"The heat capacities of Calorimetry Conference copper and of muscovite, pyrophyllite, and illite were measured between 15 and 375 K using an adiabatic calorimeter. Tables of the thermodynamic functions C°p.(H°T —H°O)/T, (G°T —H°O)/T, and S°T —S°O are presented for these phases at integral temperatures from 0 to. 370 K. At 298.15 K (25.0°C), S°T —S°O is 33.12±0.06, 287.7±0.6, 239.4±0.4, and 1,104.2±0.6 J/(mol•K) for copper, muscovite, pyrophyllite, and illite, respectively. The operation of a semiautomatic data-acquisition system for calorimetric measurements at low temperatures is also described, together with a description of a miniature calorimeter having a novel closure seal.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Robie, R.A., Hemingway, B., and Wilson, W.H., 1976, The heat capacities of Calorimetry Conference copper and of muscovite KAl2(AlSi3)O10 (OH)2, pyrophyllite Al2Si4O10(OH)2, and illite K3(Al7Mg)(Si14Al2)O40(OH)8 between 15 and 375 K and their standard entropies at 298.15 K: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 4, no. 6, p. 631-644.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"631","endPage":"644","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":404120,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":404119,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1976/vol4issue6/report.pdf"}],"volume":"4","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robie, Richard A.","contributorId":92235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robie","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":847078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hemingway, Bruce S.","contributorId":13689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hemingway","given":"Bruce S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":847079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilson, William H.","contributorId":293488,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":847080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70156629,"text":"70156629 - 1976 - Field verification of method for distributing flow through multiple-bridge openings","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-25T12:14:51","indexId":"70156629","displayToPublicDate":"1976-10-26T17:15:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Field verification of method for distributing flow through multiple-bridge openings","docAbstract":"Field data collected at three sites in Louisiana having multiple-bridge openings were used to check a method of distribution of flow through two or more bridges. Actual peak discharges in the various main and overflow bridges ranged from 878 to 11,055 cubic feet per second (24.9 to 313 m2/s). The error of the computed discharge to the actual discharge ranged between -20 and +6 percent, with the exception of one opening that had an error of +101 percent.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Lee, F.N., 1976, Field verification of method for distributing flow through multiple-bridge openings: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 4, no. 5, p. 539-543.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"539","endPage":"543","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":307403,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":307402,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1976/vol4issue5/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"29.18 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Castor Creek, Bayou de Loutre, Sixmile Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.3,\n 32\n ],\n [\n -92.3,\n 32.1\n ],\n [\n -92.1,\n 32.1\n ],\n [\n -92.1,\n 32\n ],\n [\n -92.3,\n 32\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.44,\n 32.77\n ],\n [\n -92.44,\n 32.85\n ],\n [\n -92.37,\n 32.85\n ],\n [\n -92.37,\n 32.77\n ],\n [\n -92.44,\n 32.77\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.14,\n 30.82\n ],\n [\n -93.14,\n 30.87\n ],\n [\n -93,\n 30.87\n ],\n [\n -93,\n 30.82\n ],\n [\n -93.14,\n 30.82\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55dd91b2e4b0518e354dd163","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, Fred N.","contributorId":101282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Fred","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70156624,"text":"70156624 - 1976 - Improving estimates of streamflow characteristics by using Landsat-1 imagery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-25T09:44:59","indexId":"70156624","displayToPublicDate":"1976-10-26T17:15:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Improving estimates of streamflow characteristics by using Landsat-1 imagery","docAbstract":"Imagery from the first Earth Resources Technology Satellite (renamed Landsat-1) was used to discriminate physical features of drainage basins in an effort to improve equations used to estimate streamflow characteristics at gaged and ungaged sites. Records of 20 gaged basins in the Delmarva Peninsula of Maryland, Delaware, and Virginia were analyzed for 40 statistical streamflow characteristics. Equations relating these characteristics to basin characteristics were obtained by a technique of multiple linear regression. A control group of equations contains basin characteristics derived from maps. An experimental group of equations contains basin characteristics derived from maps and imagery. Characteristics from imagery were forest, riparian (streambank) vegetation, water, and combined agricultural and urban land use. These basin characteristics were isolated photographically by techniques of film-density discrimination. The area of each characteristic in each basin was measured photometrically. Comparison of equations in the control group with corresponding equations in the experimental group reveals that for 12 out of 40 equations the standard error of estimate was reduced by more than 10 percent. As an example, the standard error of estimate of the equation for the 5-year recurrence-interval flood peak was reduced from 46 to 32 percent. Similarly, the standard error of the equation for the mean monthly flow for September was reduced from 32 to 24 percent, the standard error for the 7-day, 2-year recurrence low flow was reduced from 136 to 102 percent, and the standard error for the 3-day, 2-year flood volume was reduced from 30 to 12 percent. It is concluded that data from Landsat imagery can substantially improve the accuracy of estimates of some streamflow characteristics at sites in the Delmarva Peninsula.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Hollyday, E.F., 1976, Improving estimates of streamflow characteristics by using Landsat-1 imagery: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 4, no. 5, p. 517-531.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"517","endPage":"531","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":307396,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":307395,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1976/vol4issue5/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"29.18 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland, Delaware, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Delmarva Peninsula","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77,\n 37.5\n ],\n [\n -77,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -74,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -74,\n 37.5\n ],\n [\n -77,\n 37.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55dd91b7e4b0518e354dd17d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hollyday, Este F.","contributorId":27089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hollyday","given":"Este","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70010943,"text":"70010943 - 1976 - The Viking landing sites: Selection and certification","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-21T15:51:07.259164","indexId":"70010943","displayToPublicDate":"1976-08-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Viking landing sites: Selection and certification","docAbstract":"During the past several years the Viking project developed plans to use Viking orbiter instruments and Earth-based radar to certify the suitability of the landing sites selected as the safest and most scientifically rewarding using Mariner 9 data. During June and July 1976, the Earth-based radar and orbital spacecraft observations of some of the prime and backup sites were completed. The results of these combined observations indicated that the Viking 1 prime landing area in the Chryse region of Mars is geologically varied and possibly more hazardous than expected, and was not certifiable as a site for the Viking 1 landing. Consequently, the site certification effort had to be drastically modified and lengthened to search for a site that might be safe enough to attempt to land. The selected site considered at 47.5°W, 22.4°N represented a compromise between desirable characteristics observed with visual images and those inferred from Earth-based radar. It lies in the Chryse region about 900 kilometers northwest of the original site. Viking 1 landed successfully at this site on 20 July 1976.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.193.4255.809","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Masursky, H., and Crabill, N., 1976, The Viking landing sites: Selection and certification: Science, v. 193, no. 4255, p. 809-812, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.193.4255.809.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"809","endPage":"812","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220809,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","volume":"193","issue":"4255","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba978e4b08c986b3222aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Masursky, H.","contributorId":33823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masursky","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crabill, N.L.","contributorId":93627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crabill","given":"N.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70209144,"text":"70209144 - 1976 - Relocation of local earthquakes by seismic ray tracing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-05T22:48:24.214412","indexId":"70209144","displayToPublicDate":"1976-08-10T08:54:20","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2312,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relocation of local earthquakes by seismic ray tracing","docAbstract":"Seismic ray tracing is used to relocate a set of local earthquakes recorded by a dense seismic array in Bear Valley, California. The crustal velocity structure is two-dimensional and incorporates most of the known and inferred velocity differences in the region. Relocated hypocenters fall within the San Andreas fault zone, and P residuals, without elevation or station corrections, now appear to be more internally consistent in the rms sense. Ray takeoff angles and azimuths are distinctly different from those of a uniformly layered earth model. Focal mechanism solutions using only traced data are well determined and have few inconsistent data. Zones of convergence and divergence of rays suggest large variations in observed amplitudes across the local network.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB081i023p04400","usgsCitation":"Engdahl, E., and Lee, W., 1976, Relocation of local earthquakes by seismic ray tracing: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 81, no. 23, p. 4400-4406, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB081i023p04400.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"4400","endPage":"4406","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":373367,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Andreas Fault","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.29980468749999,\n 35.06597313798418\n ],\n [\n -117.24609374999999,\n 35.06597313798418\n ],\n [\n -117.24609374999999,\n 42.13082130188811\n ],\n [\n -122.29980468749999,\n 42.13082130188811\n ],\n [\n -122.29980468749999,\n 35.06597313798418\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"81","issue":"23","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Engdahl, E.R.","contributorId":22906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engdahl","given":"E.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, W.H.K.","contributorId":35303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"W.H.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70209143,"text":"70209143 - 1976 - Determination of three‐dimensional velocity anomalies under a seismic array using first P arrival times from local earthquakes: 1. A homogeneous initial model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-19T08:48:23","indexId":"70209143","displayToPublicDate":"1976-08-10T08:46:54","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2312,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determination of three‐dimensional velocity anomalies under a seismic array using first P arrival times from local earthquakes: 1. A homogeneous initial model","docAbstract":"Geiger's method of locating local earthquakes has been extended to include the effect of P velocity variation along the ray paths in three dimensions. The crustal structure was modeled by rectangular blocks, and a parameter was assigned to each block describing the perturbation of P wave slowness in the block. On the basis of an initial model, a set of linear equations for the observed first P arrival times was formulated in terms of the source and medium parameters. The source parameters for all the earthquakes in the data set and medium parameters for all the blocks penetrated by the seismic rays were then determined simultaneously by the damped least squares method. A computer program has been written for the case of a homogeneous initial medium model with constant P velocity. It has been tested with artificial data and applied to a set of local earthquakes recorded by a dense seismic array in Bear Valley, California. The resultant velocity distribution in the top 5 km shows a narrow low‐velocity zone of about 5 km/s in the San Andreas fault zone sandwiched between high‐velocity regions of about 6 km/s.
Results of forest-trend modeling from one data set in the Atchafalaya River basin show that predicted forest acreage totals for 16 forest types agree within 30 percent of actual values in two-thirds of the comparisons. A forest-trend simulation model based on statistical regression relations of forest and hydrologic variables and constrained by forest succession concepts was developed using observed data from twenty-four 8-square-mile (20.74-square-kilometre) quadrats. Forest and hydrologic data at each quadrat were sampled in time at three 4-mile (6.44-kilometre)-wide strips across the basin. The model predicts changes in forest-type acreages due to hydrologic change in time steps, or forest acreage transition, of 21 years. Further basin-wide quadrat simulations are planned using hydrologic input data from a flow-sediment model of the basin currently being developed. Other ecosystem models could be appended to the forest-trend simulation model.
The microviscosity of the hydrophobic region of the membrane of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus was determined using fluorescence depolarization analysis of the probe 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene and was found to be much lower at 37 C than that of another rhabdovirus, vesicular stomatitis virus. However, the microviscosity of this fish virus at 18 C, the temperature at which it was grown, corresponded to the microviscosity of vesicular stomatitis virus at 37 C. Data obtained with the fish virus host cell (chinook salmon embryo cells) grown at 18 C suggest that its membranes have a lower microviscosity than either L-929 or BHK-21 cells (the vesicular stomatitis virus host cells) grown at 37 C.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/jvi.19.1.275-278.1976","usgsCitation":"Moore, N., Barenholz, Y., McAllister, P.E., and Wagner, R., 1976, Comparative membrane microviscosity of fish and mammalian rhabdoviruses studied by fluorescence depolarization: Journal of Virology, v. 19, no. 1, p. 275-278, https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.19.1.275-278.1976.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"275","endPage":"278","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487157,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.19.1.275-278.1976","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":131171,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae4e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, N.F.","contributorId":74341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"N.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barenholz, Y.","contributorId":96223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barenholz","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McAllister, P. E.","contributorId":71913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McAllister","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wagner, R.R.","contributorId":65804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"R.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5224119,"text":"5224119 - 1976 - Blood values of the canvasback duck by age, sex and season","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-07T17:04:41.280392","indexId":"5224119","displayToPublicDate":"1976-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Blood values of the canvasback duck by age, sex and season","docAbstract":"Blood samples were obtained from canvasback ducklings from Manitoba and Saskatchewan and from immature and adult canvasbacks on the Mississippi River near LaCrosse, Wisconsin and the Chesapeake Bay. These samples were used to determine baseline data on red cell counts, hematocrit, total protein, glucose, cholesterol, hemaglobin and distribution of plasma proteins. Calculations were also made to determine mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration. The major differences noted were between ducklings and adults. The former having higher total protein and lower hematocrit, glucose and cholesterol values. These hematologic values were collected in order to provide baseline information on apparently healthy canvasbacks, thereby providing disease investigators with a standard of comparison.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-12.3.341","usgsCitation":"Kocan, R.M., and Pitts, S., 1976, Blood values of the canvasback duck by age, sex and season: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 12, no. 3, p. 341-346, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-12.3.341.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"341","endPage":"346","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487133,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-12.3.341","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":202148,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Canada, United States","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-63.6645,46.55001],[-62.9393,46.41587],[-62.01208,46.44314],[-62.50391,46.03339],[-62.87433,45.96818],[-64.1428,46.39265],[-64.39261,46.72747],[-64.01486,47.03601],[-63.6645,46.55001]]],[[[-61.8063,49.10506],[-62.29318,49.08717],[-63.58926,49.40069],[-64.51912,49.87304],[-64.17322,49.95718],[-62.85829,49.70641],[-61.83559,49.28855],[-61.8063,49.10506]]],[[[-123.51,48.51001],[-124.01289,48.37085],[-125.65501,48.825],[-125.95499,49.18],[-126.85,49.53],[-127.02999,49.815],[-128.05934,49.99496],[-128.44458,50.53914],[-128.35841,50.77065],[-127.30858,50.55257],[-126.695,50.4009],[-125.75501,50.29502],[-125.415,49.95],[-124.92077,49.47527],[-123.92251,49.06248],[-123.51,48.51001]]],[[[-56.13404,50.68701],[-56.79588,49.81231],[-56.14311,50.15012],[-55.47149,49.93582],[-55.8224,49.58713],[-54.93514,49.31301],[-54.47378,49.55669],[-53.47655,49.24914],[-53.78601,48.51678],[-53.08613,48.6878],[-52.95865,48.15716],[-52.6481,47.53555],[-53.06916,46.6555],[-53.52146,46.61829],[-54.17894,46.80707],[-53.96187,47.62521],[-54.24048,47.75228],[-55.40077,46.88499],[-55.99748,46.91972],[-55.29122,47.38956],[-56.2508,47.63255],[-57.32523,47.57281],[-59.26602,47.60335],[-59.41949,47.89945],[-58.79659,48.25153],[-59.23162,48.52319],[-58.3918,49.12558],[-57.35869,50.71827],[-56.73865,51.28744],[-55.87098,51.63209],[-55.40697,51.58827],[-55.60022,51.31707],[-56.13404,50.68701]]],[[[-133.18,54.16998],[-132.71001,54.04001],[-131.74999,54.12],[-132.04948,52.98462],[-131.17904,52.18043],[-131.57783,52.18237],[-132.18043,52.63971],[-132.54999,53.10001],[-133.05461,53.41147],[-133.23966,53.85108],[-133.18,54.16998]]],[[[-79.26582,62.15868],[-79.65752,61.63308],[-80.09956,61.7181],[-80.36215,62.01649],[-80.31539,62.08557],[-79.92939,62.3856],[-79.52002,62.36371],[-79.26582,62.15868]]],[[[-81.89825,62.7108],[-83.06857,62.15922],[-83.77462,62.18231],[-83.99367,62.4528],[-83.25048,62.91409],[-81.87699,62.90458],[-81.89825,62.7108]]],[[[-85.16131,65.65728],[-84.97576,65.21752],[-84.46401,65.37177],[-83.88263,65.10962],[-82.78758,64.76669],[-81.64201,64.45514],[-81.55344,63.97961],[-80.81736,64.05749],[-80.10345,63.72598],[-80.99102,63.41125],[-82.54718,63.65172],[-83.1088,64.10188],[-84.10042,63.56971],[-85.5234,63.05238],[-85.86677,63.63725],[-87.22198,63.54124],[-86.35276,64.03583],[-86.22489,64.82292],[-85.88385,65.73878],[-85.16131,65.65728]]],[[[-75.86588,67.14886],[-76.98687,67.09873],[-77.2364,67.58809],[-76.81166,68.14856],[-75.89521,68.28721],[-75.1145,68.01036],[-75.10333,67.58202],[-75.21597,67.44425],[-75.86588,67.14886]]],[[[-95.64768,69.10769],[-96.26952,68.75704],[-97.6174,69.06003],[-98.4318,68.9507],[-99.7974,69.40003],[-98.9174,69.71003],[-98.21826,70.14354],[-97.1574,69.86003],[-96.5574,69.68003],[-96.2574,69.49003],[-95.64768,69.10769]]],[[[-90.5471,69.49766],[-90.55151,68.47499],[-89.21515,69.25873],[-88.01966,68.61508],[-88.31749,67.87338],[-87.35017,67.19872],[-86.30607,67.92146],[-85.57664,68.78456],[-85.52197,69.88211],[-84.10081,69.80539],[-82.62258,69.65826],[-81.28043,69.16202],[-81.2202,68.66567],[-81.96436,68.13253],[-81.25928,67.59716],[-81.38653,67.11078],[-83.34456,66.41154],[-84.73542,66.2573],[-85.76943,66.55833],[-86.0676,66.05625],[-87.03143,65.21297],[-87.32324,64.77563],[-88.48296,64.09897],[-89.91444,64.03273],[-90.70398,63.61017],[-90.77004,62.96021],[-91.93342,62.83508],[-93.15698,62.02469],[-94.24153,60.89865],[-94.62931,60.11021],[-94.6846,58.94882],[-93.21502,58.78212],[-92.76462,57.84571],[-92.29703,57.08709],[-90.89769,57.28468],[-89.03953,56.85172],[-88.03978,56.47162],[-87.32421,55.99914],[-86.07121,55.72383],[-85.01181,55.3026],[-83.36055,55.24489],[-82.27285,55.14832],[-82.4362,54.28227],[-82.12502,53.27703],[-81.40075,52.15788],[-79.91289,51.20842],[-79.14301,51.53393],[-78.60191,52.56208],[-79.12421,54.14145],[-79.82958,54.66772],[-78.22874,55.13645],[-77.0956,55.83741],[-76.54137,56.53423],[-76.62319,57.20263],[-77.30226,58.05209],[-78.51688,58.80458],[-77.33676,59.85261],[-77.77272,60.75788],[-78.10687,62.31964],[-77.41067,62.55053],[-75.69621,62.2784],[-74.6682,62.18111],[-73.83988,62.4438],[-72.90853,62.10507],[-71.67708,61.52535],[-71.37369,61.13717],[-69.59042,61.06141],[-69.62033,60.22125],[-69.2879,58.95736],[-68.37455,58.80106],[-67.64976,58.21206],[-66.20178,58.76731],[-65.24517,59.87071],[-64.58352,60.33558],[-63.80475,59.4426],[-62.50236,58.16708],[-61.39655,56.96745],[-61.79866,56.33945],[-60.46853,55.77548],[-59.56962,55.20407],[-57.97508,54.94549],[-57.3332,54.6265],[-56.93689,53.78032],[-56.15811,53.64749],[-55.75632,53.27036],[-55.68338,52.14664],[-56.40916,51.7707],[-57.12691,51.41972],[-58.77482,51.0643],[-60.03309,50.24277],[-61.72366,50.08046],[-63.86251,50.29099],[-65.36331,50.2982],[-66.39905,50.22897],[-67.23631,49.51156],[-68.51114,49.06836],[-69.95362,47.74488],[-71.10458,46.82171],[-70.25522,46.98606],[-68.65,48.3],[-66.55243,49.1331],[-65.05626,49.23278],[-64.17099,48.74248],[-65.11545,48.07085],[-64.79854,46.99297],[-64.47219,46.23849],[-63.17329,45.73902],[-61.52072,45.88377],[-60.51815,47.00793],[-60.4486,46.28264],[-59.80287,45.9204],[-61.03988,45.26525],[-63.25471,44.67014],[-64.24656,44.26553],[-65.36406,43.54523],[-66.1234,43.61867],[-66.16173,44.46512],[-64.42549,45.29204],[-66.02605,45.25931],[-67.13741,45.13753],[-67.79134,45.70281],[-67.79046,47.06636],[-68.23444,47.35486],[-68.905,47.185],[-69.23722,47.44778],[-69.99997,46.69307],[-70.305,45.915],[-70.66,45.46],[-71.08482,45.30524],[-71.405,45.255],[-71.50506,45.0082],[-73.34783,45.00738],[-74.867,45.00048],[-75.31821,44.81645],[-76.375,44.09631],[-76.5,44.01846],[-76.82003,43.62878],[-77.73789,43.62906],[-78.72028,43.62509],[-79.17167,43.46634],[-79.01,43.27],[-78.92,42.965],[-78.93936,42.86361],[-80.24745,42.3662],[-81.27775,42.20903],[-82.43928,41.67511],[-82.69009,41.67511],[-83.02981,41.8328],[-83.142,41.97568],[-83.12,42.08],[-82.9,42.43],[-82.43,42.98],[-82.13764,43.57109],[-82.33776,44.44],[-82.55092,45.34752],[-83.59285,45.81689],[-83.46955,45.99469],[-83.61613,46.11693],[-83.89077,46.11693],[-84.09185,46.27542],[-84.14212,46.51223],[-84.3367,46.40877],[-84.6049,46.4396],[-84.54375,46.53868],[-84.77924,46.6371],[-84.87608,46.90008],[-85.65236,47.22022],[-86.46199,47.55334],[-87.43979,47.94],[-88.37811,48.30292],[-89.27292,48.01981],[-89.6,48.01],[-90.83,48.27],[-91.64,48.14],[-92.61,48.45],[-93.63087,48.60926],[-94.32914,48.67074],[-94.64,48.84],[-94.81758,49.38905],[-95.15609,49.38425],[-95.15907,49],[-97.22872,49.0007],[-100.65,49],[-104.04826,48.99986],[-107.05,49],[-110.05,49],[-113,49],[-116.04818,49],[-117.03121,49],[-120,49],[-122.84,49],[-122.97421,49.00254],[-124.91024,49.98456],[-125.62461,50.41656],[-127.43561,50.83061],[-127.99276,51.71583],[-127.85032,52.32961],[-129.12979,52.75538],[-129.30523,53.56159],[-130.51497,54.28757],[-130.53611,54.80278],[-129.98,55.285],[-130.00778,55.91583],[-131.70781,56.55212],[-132.73042,57.69289],[-133.35556,58.41028],[-134.27111,58.86111],[-134.945,59.27056],[-135.47583,59.78778],[-136.47972,59.46389],[-137.4525,58.905],[-138.34089,59.56211],[-139.039,60],[-140.013,60.27682],[-140.99778,60.30639],[-140.9925,66.00003],[-140.986,69.712],[-139.12052,69.47102],[-137.54636,68.99002],[-136.50358,68.89804],[-135.62576,69.31512],[-134.41464,69.62743],[-132.92925,69.50534],[-131.43136,69.94451],[-129.79471,70.19369],[-129.10773,69.77927],[-128.36156,70.01286],[-128.13817,70.48384],[-127.44712,70.37721],[-125.75632,69.48058],[-124.42483,70.1584],[-124.28968,69.39969],[-123.06108,69.56372],[-122.6835,69.85553],[-121.47226,69.79778],[-119.94288,69.37786],[-117.60268,69.01128],[-116.22643,68.84151],[-115.2469,68.90591],[-113.89794,68.3989],[-115.30489,67.90261],[-113.49727,67.68815],[-110.798,67.80612],[-109.94619,67.98104],[-108.8802,67.38144],[-107.79239,67.88736],[-108.81299,68.31164],[-108.16721,68.65392],[-106.95,68.7],[-106.15,68.8],[-105.34282,68.56122],[-104.33791,68.018],[-103.22115,68.09775],[-101.45433,67.64689],[-99.90195,67.80566],[-98.4432,67.78165],[-98.5586,68.40394],[-97.66948,68.57864],[-96.11991,68.23939],[-96.12588,67.29338],[-95.48943,68.0907],[-94.685,68.06383],[-94.23282,69.06903],[-95.30408,69.68571],[-96.47131,70.08976],[-96.39115,71.19482],[-95.2088,71.92053],[-93.88997,71.76015],[-92.87818,71.31869],[-91.51964,70.19129],[-92.40692,69.69997],[-90.5471,69.49766]]],[[[-114.16717,73.12145],[-114.66634,72.65277],[-112.44102,72.9554],[-111.05039,72.4504],[-109.92035,72.96113],[-109.00654,72.63335],[-108.18835,71.65089],[-107.68599,72.06548],[-108.39639,73.08953],[-107.51645,73.23598],[-106.52259,73.07601],[-105.40246,72.67259],[-104.77484,71.6984],[-104.46476,70.99297],[-102.78537,70.49776],[-100.98078,70.02432],[-101.08929,69.58447],[-102.73116,69.50402],[-102.09329,69.11962],[-102.43024,68.75282],[-104.24,68.91],[-105.96,69.18],[-107.12254,69.11922],[-109,68.78],[-111.53415,68.63006],[-113.3132,68.53554],[-113.85496,69.00744],[-115.22,69.28],[-116.10794,69.16821],[-117.34,69.96],[-116.67473,70.06655],[-115.13112,70.2373],[-113.72141,70.19237],[-112.4161,70.36638],[-114.35,70.6],[-116.48684,70.52045],[-117.9048,70.54056],[-118.43238,70.9092],[-116.11311,71.30918],[-117.65568,71.2952],[-119.40199,71.55859],[-118.56267,72.30785],[-117.86642,72.70594],[-115.18909,73.31459],[-114.16717,73.12145]]],[[[-104.5,73.42],[-105.38,72.76],[-106.94,73.46],[-106.6,73.6],[-105.26,73.64],[-104.5,73.42]]],[[[-76.34,73.10268],[-76.2514,72.82639],[-77.31444,72.85555],[-78.39167,72.87666],[-79.48625,72.7422],[-79.77583,72.8029],[-80.8761,73.33318],[-80.83389,73.69318],[-80.35306,73.75972],[-78.06444,73.65193],[-76.34,73.10268]]],[[[-86.56218,73.15745],[-85.77437,72.53413],[-84.85011,73.34028],[-82.31559,73.75095],[-80.60009,72.71654],[-80.74894,72.06191],[-78.77064,72.35217],[-77.82462,72.74962],[-75.60584,72.24368],[-74.22862,71.76714],[-74.09914,71.33084],[-72.24223,71.55692],[-71.20002,70.92001],[-68.78605,70.52502],[-67.91497,70.12195],[-66.96903,69.18609],[-68.80512,68.7202],[-66.44987,68.06716],[-64.86231,67.84754],[-63.42493,66.92847],[-61.85198,66.86212],[-62.16318,66.16025],[-63.91844,64.99867],[-65.14886,65.42603],[-66.72122,66.38804],[-68.01502,66.26273],[-68.14129,65.68979],[-67.08965,65.10846],[-65.73208,64.64841],[-65.32017,64.38274],[-64.66941,63.39293],[-65.0138,62.67419],[-66.27504,62.9451],[-68.78319,63.74567],[-67.36968,62.88397],[-66.3283,62.28007],[-66.16557,61.9309],[-68.87737,62.33015],[-71.02344,62.91071],[-72.23538,63.39784],[-71.88628,63.67999],[-73.37831,64.19396],[-74.83442,64.67908],[-74.8185,64.38909],[-77.70998,64.22954],[-78.55595,64.57291],[-77.89728,65.30919],[-76.01827,65.32697],[-73.9598,65.45476],[-74.29388,65.81177],[-73.94491,66.31058],[-72.65117,67.28458],[-72.92606,67.72693],[-73.31162,68.06944],[-74.84331,68.55463],[-76.8691,68.89474],[-76.22865,69.14777],[-77.28737,69.76954],[-78.16863,69.82649],[-78.95724,70.16688],[-79.49246,69.87181],[-81.30547,69.74319],[-84.94471,69.96663],[-87.06,70.26],[-88.68171,70.41074],[-89.51342,70.76204],[-88.46772,71.21819],[-89.88815,71.22255],[-90.20516,72.23507],[-89.43658,73.12946],[-88.40824,73.53789],[-85.82615,73.80382],[-86.56218,73.15745]]],[[[-100.35642,73.84389],[-99.16387,73.63339],[-97.38,73.76],[-97.12,73.47],[-98.05359,72.99052],[-96.54,72.56],[-96.72,71.66],[-98.35966,71.27285],[-99.32286,71.35639],[-100.01482,71.73827],[-102.5,72.51],[-102.48,72.83],[-100.43836,72.70588],[-101.54,73.36],[-100.35642,73.84389]]],[[[-93.1963,72.77199],[-94.26905,72.0246],[-95.40986,72.06188],[-96.03375,72.94028],[-96.01827,73.43743],[-95.49579,73.86242],[-94.50366,74.13491],[-92.42001,74.10003],[-90.50979,73.85673],[-92.00397,72.96624],[-93.1963,72.77199]]],[[[-120.46,71.3836],[-123.09219,70.90164],[-123.62,71.34],[-125.92895,71.86869],[-125.5,72.29226],[-124.80729,73.02256],[-123.94,73.68],[-124.91775,74.29275],[-121.53788,74.44893],[-120.10978,74.24135],[-117.55564,74.18577],[-116.58442,73.89607],[-115.51081,73.47519],[-116.76794,73.22292],[-119.22,72.52],[-120.46,71.82],[-120.46,71.3836]]],[[[-93.61276,74.98],[-94.15691,74.59235],[-95.60868,74.66686],[-96.82093,74.92762],[-96.28859,75.37783],[-94.85082,75.64722],[-93.97775,75.29649],[-93.61276,74.98]]],[[[-98.5,76.72],[-97.73558,76.25656],[-97.70441,75.74344],[-98.16,75],[-99.80874,74.89744],[-100.88366,75.05736],[-100.86292,75.64075],[-102.50209,75.5638],[-102.56552,76.3366],[-101.48973,76.30537],[-99.98349,76.64634],[-98.57699,76.58859],[-98.5,76.72]]],[[[-108.21141,76.20168],[-107.81943,75.84552],[-106.92893,76.01282],[-105.881,75.9694],[-105.70498,75.47951],[-106.31347,75.00527],[-109.7,74.85],[-112.22307,74.41696],[-113.74381,74.39427],[-113.87135,74.72029],[-111.79421,75.1625],[-116.31221,75.04343],[-117.7104,75.2222],[-116.34602,76.19903],[-115.40487,76.47887],[-112.59056,76.14134],[-110.81422,75.54919],[-109.0671,75.47321],[-110.49726,76.42982],[-109.5811,76.79417],[-108.54859,76.67832],[-108.21141,76.20168]]],[[[-94.68409,77.09788],[-93.57392,76.7763],[-91.60502,76.77852],[-90.74185,76.4496],[-90.96966,76.07401],[-89.82224,75.84777],[-89.18708,75.61017],[-87.83828,75.56619],[-86.37919,75.48242],[-84.78963,75.6992],[-82.75344,75.78432],[-81.12853,75.71398],[-80.05751,75.33685],[-79.83393,74.92313],[-80.45777,74.6573],[-81.94884,74.44246],[-83.22889,74.56403],[-86.09745,74.41003],[-88.15035,74.39231],[-89.76472,74.51556],[-92.42244,74.83776],[-92.76829,75.38682],[-92.88991,75.88266],[-93.89382,76.31924],[-95.96246,76.44138],[-97.12138,76.75108],[-96.74512,77.16139],[-94.68409,77.09788]]],[[[-116.19859,77.64529],[-116.33581,76.87696],[-117.10605,76.53003],[-118.04041,76.48117],[-119.89932,76.05321],[-121.5,75.90002],[-122.85492,76.11654],[-122.85493,76.11654],[-121.15754,76.86451],[-119.10394,77.51222],[-117.57013,77.49832],[-116.19859,77.64529]]],[[[-93.84,77.52],[-94.29561,77.49134],[-96.16965,77.55511],[-96.4363,77.83463],[-94.42258,77.82],[-93.72066,77.63433],[-93.84,77.52]]],[[[-110.18694,77.69701],[-112.05119,77.40923],[-113.53428,77.73221],[-112.72459,78.05105],[-111.26444,78.15296],[-109.85445,77.99632],[-110.18694,77.69701]]],[[[-109.66315,78.60197],[-110.88131,78.40692],[-112.54209,78.4079],[-112.52589,78.55055],[-111.50001,78.84999],[-110.96366,78.80444],[-109.66315,78.60197]]],[[[-95.83029,78.05694],[-97.30984,77.8506],[-98.12429,78.08286],[-98.55287,78.45811],[-98.63198,78.87193],[-97.33723,78.83198],[-96.7544,78.76581],[-95.55928,78.41831],[-95.83029,78.05694]]],[[[-100.06019,78.32475],[-99.67094,77.90754],[-101.30394,78.01898],[-102.94981,78.34323],[-105.17613,78.38033],[-104.21043,78.67742],[-105.41958,78.91834],[-105.49229,79.30159],[-103.52928,79.16535],[-100.82516,78.80046],[-100.06019,78.32475]]],[[[-87.02,79.66],[-85.81435,79.3369],[-87.18756,79.0393],[-89.03535,78.28723],[-90.80436,78.21533],[-92.87669,78.34333],[-93.95116,78.75099],[-93.93574,79.11373],[-93.14524,79.3801],[-94.974,79.37248],[-96.07614,79.70502],[-96.70972,80.15777],[-96.01644,80.60233],[-95.32345,80.90729],[-94.29843,80.97727],[-94.73542,81.20646],[-92.40984,81.25739],[-91.13289,80.72345],[-89.45,80.50932],[-87.81,80.32],[-87.02,79.66]]],[[[-68.5,83.10632],[-65.82735,83.02801],[-63.68,82.9],[-61.85,82.6286],[-61.89388,82.36165],[-64.334,81.92775],[-66.75342,81.72527],[-67.65755,81.50141],[-65.48031,81.50657],[-67.84,80.9],[-69.4697,80.61683],[-71.18,79.8],[-73.2428,79.63415],[-73.88,79.43016],[-76.90773,79.32309],[-75.52924,79.19766],[-76.22046,79.01907],[-75.39345,78.52581],[-76.34354,78.18296],[-77.88851,77.89991],[-78.36269,77.50859],[-79.75951,77.20968],[-79.61965,76.98336],[-77.91089,77.02205],[-77.88911,76.77796],[-80.56125,76.17812],[-83.17439,76.45403],[-86.11184,76.29901],[-87.6,76.42],[-89.49068,76.47239],[-89.6161,76.95213],[-87.76739,77.17833],[-88.26,77.9],[-87.65,77.97022],[-84.97634,77.53873],[-86.34,78.18],[-87.96192,78.37181],[-87.15198,78.75867],[-85.37868,78.9969],[-85.09495,79.34543],[-86.50734,79.73624],[-86.93179,80.25145],[-84.19844,80.20836],[-83.4087,80.1],[-81.84823,80.46442],[-84.1,80.58],[-87.59895,80.51627],[-89.36663,80.85569],[-90.2,81.26],[-91.36786,81.5531],[-91.58702,81.89429],[-90.1,82.085],[-88.93227,82.11751],[-86.97024,82.27961],[-85.5,82.65227],[-84.26,82.6],[-83.18,82.32],[-82.42,82.86],[-81.1,83.02],[-79.30664,83.13056],[-76.25,83.17206],[-75.71878,83.06404],[-72.83153,83.23324],[-70.66576,83.16978],[-68.5,83.10632]]],[[[-61.2,-51.85],[-60,-51.25],[-59.15,-51.5],[-58.55,-51.1],[-57.75,-51.55],[-58.05,-51.9],[-59.4,-52.2],[-59.85,-51.85],[-60.7,-52.3],[-61.2,-51.85]]],[[[-5.66195,54.5546],[-6.19788,53.86757],[-6.95373,54.0737],[-7.57217,54.05996],[-7.36603,54.59584],[-7.57217,55.13162],[-6.73385,55.17286],[-5.66195,54.5546]]],[[[-3.005,58.635],[-4.07383,57.55302],[-3.055,57.69002],[-1.95928,57.6848],[-2.21999,56.87002],[-3.119,55.97379],[-2.08501,55.91],[-2.00568,55.8049],[-1.11499,54.62499],[-0.43048,54.46438],[0.18498,53.32501],[0.46998,52.93],[1.68153,52.73952],[1.55999,52.1],[1.05056,51.80676],[1.44987,51.28943],[0.55033,50.76574],[-0.78752,50.77499],[-2.49,50.50002],[-2.95627,50.69688],[-3.61745,50.22836],[-4.54251,50.34184],[-5.24502,49.96],[-5.77657,50.15968],[-4.30999,51.21],[-3.41485,51.42601],[-3.42272,51.42685],[-4.98437,51.59347],[-5.2673,51.9914],[-4.22235,52.30136],[-4.77001,52.84],[-4.58,53.495],[-3.09383,53.40455],[-3.09208,53.40444],[-2.94501,53.985],[-3.6147,54.60094],[-3.63001,54.61501],[-4.84417,54.79097],[-5.08253,55.0616],[-4.71911,55.50847],[-5.04798,55.78399],[-5.5864,55.31115],[-5.645,56.27501],[-6.14998,56.78501],[-5.78682,57.81885],[-5.01,58.63001],[-4.21149,58.55085],[-3.005,58.635]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Canada\"}}]}","volume":"12","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db6029b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kocan, R. M.","contributorId":41783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kocan","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pitts, S.M.","contributorId":21666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pitts","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70119552,"text":"70119552 - 1976 - Mathematical models for nonparametric inferences from line transect data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-06T13:14:07.526655","indexId":"70119552","displayToPublicDate":"1976-06-01T12:34:41","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1039,"text":"Biometrics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mathematical models for nonparametric inferences from line transect data","docAbstract":"A general mathematical theory of line transects is develoepd which supplies a framework for nonparametric density estimation based on either right angle or sighting distances. The probability of observing a point given its right angle distance (y) from the line is generalized to an arbitrary function g(y). Given only that g(O) = 1, it is shown there are nonparametric approaches to density estimation using the observed right angle distances. The model is then generalized to include sighting distances (r). Let f(y/r) be the conditional distribution of right angle distance given sighting distance. It is shown that nonparametric estimation based only on sighting distances requires we know the transformation of r given by f(O/r).","publisher":"International Biometric Society","doi":"10.2307/2529501","usgsCitation":"Burnham, K., and Anderson, D., 1976, Mathematical models for nonparametric inferences from line transect data: Biometrics, v. 32, no. 2, p. 325-336, https://doi.org/10.2307/2529501.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"325","endPage":"336","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":291838,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e492cde4b0fff40428a5b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burnham, K.P.","contributorId":63760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burnham","given":"K.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, David R.","contributorId":8413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"David R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70231225,"text":"70231225 - 1976 - Evaluation of LANDSAT-1 image applications to geologic mapping, structural analysis and mineral resource inventory of South America with special emphasis on the Andes Mountain region: Type III final report for period January 1973 to July 1974","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-03T16:16:48.660074","indexId":"70231225","displayToPublicDate":"1976-06-01T10:45:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"title":"Evaluation of LANDSAT-1 image applications to geologic mapping, structural analysis and mineral resource inventory of South America with special emphasis on the Andes Mountain region: Type III final report for period January 1973 to July 1974","docAbstract":"The author has identified the following significant results. The discovery of copper mineralization along a lineament mapped in Area 7 (La Paz) has lent credence to the use of LANDSAT 1 data as a basic step in mineral exploration. In Area 9 (Copiapo Region), a number of lineaments were found to be associated with the largest copper deposits of the region. In Area 12 (Magallanes), the identification of what is believed to be a tertiary basin from LANDSAT 1 data has resulted in a new area for petroleum exploration. Band 7 images, as black and white transparencies, were found to be the most useful for geologic interpretation in both tropical vegetated areas and desert regions. Color composites made by the diazochrome process, chromaline process, and from color additive viewers provided additional information. Mosaics of LANDSAT 1 data covering 4 x 6 degrees of latitude and longitude compiled at the 1:1,000,000 scale were found to be an ideal size and format for most users.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","usgsCitation":"Carter, W.D., 1976, Evaluation of LANDSAT-1 image applications to geologic mapping, structural analysis and mineral resource inventory of South America with special emphasis on the Andes Mountain region: Type III final report for period January 1973 to July 1974, 115 p.","productDescription":"115 p.","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":400065,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":400063,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19760023539/downloads/19760023539.pdf","size":"10,466 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Peru, Venezuela","city":"Araqua, Belo Horizonte, Copiapo, La Paz, Magallanes, Mendoza, Porto Velho, Santiago, Tucuman","otherGeospatial":"Andes Mountains, Guyana Shield","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -62.99560546875,\n 3.7765593098768635\n ],\n [\n -60.49072265625,\n 3.7765593098768635\n ],\n [\n -60.49072265625,\n 8.47237228290914\n ],\n [\n -62.99560546875,\n 8.47237228290914\n ],\n [\n -62.99560546875,\n 3.7765593098768635\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.81640625,\n 0.1977535136255067\n ],\n [\n -68.84033203125,\n 0.1977535136255067\n ],\n [\n -68.84033203125,\n 4.5873761534497035\n ],\n [\n -76.81640625,\n 4.5873761534497035\n ],\n [\n -76.81640625,\n 0.1977535136255067\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.3876953125,\n -7.906911616469297\n ],\n [\n -70.2685546875,\n -7.906911616469297\n ],\n [\n -70.2685546875,\n -0.08789059053082422\n ],\n [\n -77.3876953125,\n -0.08789059053082422\n ],\n [\n -77.3876953125,\n -7.906911616469297\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -56.2939453125,\n -10.746969318459989\n ],\n [\n -48.3837890625,\n -10.746969318459989\n ],\n [\n -48.3837890625,\n -0.7470491450051796\n ],\n [\n -56.2939453125,\n -0.7470491450051796\n ],\n [\n -56.2939453125,\n -10.746969318459989\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -66.4453125,\n -13.325484885597936\n ],\n [\n -58.00781249999999,\n -13.325484885597936\n ],\n [\n -58.00781249999999,\n -5.747174076651375\n ],\n [\n -66.4453125,\n -5.747174076651375\n ],\n [\n -66.4453125,\n -13.325484885597936\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.7294921875,\n -21.16648385820657\n ],\n [\n -65.1708984375,\n -21.16648385820657\n ],\n [\n -65.1708984375,\n -14.519780046326085\n ],\n [\n -72.7294921875,\n -14.519780046326085\n ],\n [\n -72.7294921875,\n -21.16648385820657\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -46.4501953125,\n -23.120153621695614\n ],\n [\n -38.8037109375,\n -23.120153621695614\n ],\n [\n -38.8037109375,\n -15.919073517982413\n ],\n [\n -46.4501953125,\n -15.919073517982413\n ],\n [\n -46.4501953125,\n -23.120153621695614\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.94970703125,\n -28.84467368077178\n ],\n [\n -60.29296874999999,\n -28.84467368077178\n ],\n [\n -60.29296874999999,\n -24.246964554300924\n ],\n [\n -70.94970703125,\n -24.246964554300924\n ],\n [\n -70.94970703125,\n -28.84467368077178\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.02636718749999,\n -34.75966612466248\n ],\n [\n -68.09326171875,\n -34.75966612466248\n ],\n [\n -68.09326171875,\n -32.15701248607008\n ],\n [\n -72.02636718749999,\n -32.15701248607008\n ],\n [\n -72.02636718749999,\n -34.75966612466248\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.69580078125,\n -55.491303628204214\n ],\n [\n -63.47900390625,\n -55.491303628204214\n ],\n [\n -63.47900390625,\n -50.93073802371817\n ],\n [\n -75.69580078125,\n -50.93073802371817\n ],\n [\n -75.69580078125,\n -55.491303628204214\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carter, William D.","contributorId":64567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70232652,"text":"70232652 - 1976 - Intermediate-scale mapping","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-11T14:19:21.785153","indexId":"70232652","displayToPublicDate":"1976-05-01T09:10:27","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Intermediate-scale mapping","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey has introduced an intermediate-scale map series (1:100,000 and 1:50,000) in response to the demand for maps at scales between the 1:24,000 and 1:250,000 standard series. The goal is to provide basic cartographic data at the level of detail and in the format selected by Federal, State, regional, county, and other users. A major innovation is the preparation of feature-separation drawings which provide great flexibility in constructing maps. The new series is designed with digitization in mind, ultimately to facilitate forming a digital cartographic data bas
","language":"English","publisher":"U. S. Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Ward, J.L., 1976, Intermediate-scale mapping: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 4, no. 3, p. 253-254.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"253","endPage":"254","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":403372,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":403371,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1976/vol4issue3/report.pdf","size":"16265 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"volume":"4","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ward, J. LeRoy","contributorId":292920,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ward","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"LeRoy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":846192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}