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,{"id":14604,"text":"ofr75342 - 1975 - Configuration of water table and distribution of downward leakage to the Prairie du Chien-Jordan Aquifer in the Minneapolis-Saint Paul metropolitan area, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-12T13:02:32","indexId":"ofr75342","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"75-342","title":"Configuration of water table and distribution of downward leakage to the Prairie du Chien-Jordan Aquifer in the Minneapolis-Saint Paul metropolitan area, Minnesota","docAbstract":"<p>The configuration of the water table as plotted at a contour interval of 20 feet (6 metres) on quadrangle maps (scale 1:2,500) of the Minneapolis-Saint Paul metropolitan area. Control points used for mapping were water levels in wells, lakes and sloughs, and places where topographic contours cross perennial streams.</p>\n<p>A computer program, using a variation of Darcy's law, was developed to determine distribution of 1) downward leakage to the Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifer under steady-state conditions, using estimated vertical-hydraulic conductivity values for overlying materials; 2) calculated vertical hydraulic conductivity values, assuming uniform leakage to the aquifer; and 3) additional leakage to the aquifer resulting from increased pumpage during the summer. For data determination and data input to the computer program, the area was gridded into units of 1-minute longitude by 1-minute latitude, about 600 acres (243 hectares) per unit.</p>\n<p>Previous work estimated the increased summer pumpage (1971) of ground water to be 127 million gallons (481x106 litres) per day. Calculations, made Within the limits of governing assumptions, indicate that 10 to 20 percent of increased summer pumpage is derived from increased leakage. Most of the remainder is probably from captured natural discharge and induced recharge from major streams within the influence of summer cones of depression.</p>\n<p>Based on available data and estimates of vertical hydraulic conductivity for geologic units, major leakage to the Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifer is indicated to occur in formation subcrop areas, especially where these areas are. overlain by the most permeable glacial drift.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"St. Paul, MN","doi":"10.3133/ofr75342","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Metropolitan Council of the Twin Cities Area","usgsCitation":"Larson-Higdem, D.C., Larson, S.P., and Norvitch, R.F., 1975, Configuration of water table and distribution of downward leakage to the Prairie du Chien-Jordan Aquifer in the Minneapolis-Saint Paul metropolitan area, Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 75-342, Document: viii, 33 p.; 24 Plates: 19.24 x 23.66 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,{"id":56680,"text":"wdrWI741 - 1975 - Water resources data for Wisconsin, water year 1974","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:12:10","indexId":"wdrWI741","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"WI-74-1","title":"Water resources data for Wisconsin, water year 1974","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wdrWI741","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1975, Water resources data for Wisconsin, water year 1974: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report WI-74-1, 357 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrWI741.","productDescription":"357 p.","numberOfPages":"357","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":184748,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1974/wi-74-1/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":88151,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1974/wi-74-1/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f6e4b07f02db5f166f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":532796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":56687,"text":"wdrSD741 - 1975 - Water resources data for South Dakota, water year 1974; Part 1, Surface water records","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-02T14:55:48","indexId":"wdrSD741","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"SD-74-1","title":"Water resources data for South Dakota, water year 1974; Part 1, Surface water records","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wdrSD741","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1975, Water resources data for South Dakota, water year 1974; Part 1, Surface water records: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report SD-74-1, vi, 132 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrSD741.","productDescription":"vi, 132 p. 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,{"id":56671,"text":"wdrMI741 - 1975 - Water resources data for Michigan, water year 1974; Part 1, Surface water records","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-10T14:45:29","indexId":"wdrMI741","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"MI-74-1","title":"Water resources data for Michigan, water year 1974; Part 1, Surface water records","docAbstract":"<p>Surface-water records for the 1974 water year for gaging stations, partial-record stations, and miscellaneous sites within the State of Michigan are given in this report. For convenience there are also included records for a few pertinent gaging stations in bordering States. The records were collected and computed by the Water Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey, under the direction of T.R. Cummings, district chief. These data represent that portion of the National Water Data System collected by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in Michigan.</p><p>Records of discharge and stage of streams, and contents and stage of lakes or reservoirs are published in a series of U.S. Geological Survey water-supply papers entitled \"Surface Water Supply of the United States\". Through September 30, 1960, these water-supply papers were in an annual series and since then are in a 5-year series. Since 1951 there have been 20 volumes in the series; each volume covered an area whose boundaries coincided with those of certain natural drainage areas. The records in Michigan are contained in Part 4 of that series.</p><p>Beginning with the 1961 water year, streamflow records and related data have been released by the Geological Survey in annual reports on a State-boundary basis. Distribution of these basic-data reports is limited and they are designed primarily for rapid release of data shortly after the end of the water year.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wdrMI741","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1975, Water resources data for Michigan, water year 1974; Part 1, Surface water records: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report MI-74-1, viii, 243 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrMI741.","productDescription":"viii, 243 p.","numberOfPages":"256","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344735,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1974/mi-74-1/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":184739,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1974/mi-74-1/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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,{"id":70112324,"text":"70112324 - 1975 - ERTS imagery for ground-water investigations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T15:16:30","indexId":"70112324","displayToPublicDate":"1990-06-12T14:51:00","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"ERTS imagery for ground-water investigations","docAbstract":"<p>ERTS imagery offers the first opportunity to apply moderately high-resolution satellite data to the nationwide study of water resources. This imagery is both a tool and a form of basic data. Like other tools and basic data, it should be considered for use in ground-water investigations. The main advantage of its use will be to reduce the need for field work. In addition, however, broad regional features may be seen easily on ERTS imagery, whereas they would be difficult or impossible to see on the ground or on low-altitude aerial photographs.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Some present and potential uses of ERTS imagery are to locate new aquifers, to study aquifer recharge and discharge, to estimate ground-water pumpage for irrigation, to predict the location and type of aquifer management problems, and to locate and monitor strip mines which commonly are sources for acid mine drainage. In many cases, boundaries which are gradational on the ground appear to be sharp on ERTS imagery. Initial results indicate that the accuracy of maps produced from ERTS imagery is completely adequate for some purposes.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Water Well Journal Pub. Co.","publisherLocation":"Worthington, OH","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1975.tb03079.x","usgsCitation":"Moore, G.K., and Deutsch, M., 1975, ERTS imagery for ground-water investigations: Ground Water, v. 13, no. 2, p. 214-226, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1975.tb03079.x.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"214","endPage":"226","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":288534,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1975.tb03079.x"},{"id":288535,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-07-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"539acbf2e4b0e83db6d08f05","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, Gerald K.","contributorId":14377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Deutsch, Morris","contributorId":69119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deutsch","given":"Morris","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70048643,"text":"pp8531 - 1975 - Paleotectonic investigations of the Pennsylvanian System in the United States, Part I: Introduction and regional analyses of the Pennsylvanian System","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-27T22:13:01.71435","indexId":"pp8531","displayToPublicDate":"1979-10-25T13:37:00","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"853-1","title":"Paleotectonic investigations of the Pennsylvanian System in the United States, Part I: Introduction and regional analyses of the Pennsylvanian System","docAbstract":"<p>The Pennsylvanian is the fourth geologic system to be analyzed and synthesized by geologists of the U.S. Geological Survey in the form of a paleotectonic study covering the conterminous United States. Earlier investigations were of the Jurassic, Triassic, and Permian Systems. Results were published as Miscellaneous Geologic Investigation Maps I-175, I-300, and I-450 and in Professional Paper 515.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The objective of these investigations is to provide in graphic form the factual basis for recognition of tectonic events of each system on a countrywide scale. The maps in this publication depict rock thickness, generalized lithology, ancient geography, and other regional relations of the Pennsylvanian System. Method of preparation of the maps, the stratigraphic limits of the map units, and various stratigraphic and structural features and their probable tectonic significance are discussed. </p>\n<br/>\n<p>Pennsylvanian data were largely compiled between 1961 and 196 by 16 geologists, including the late Harold R. Wanless, who covered the five eastern regions and contributed to several of the special studies. The areas of responsibility of the cooperating geologists are indicated in figure 1. Work in Kansas was done by Gary F. Stewart, of the Kansas Geological Survey. </p>\n<br/>\n<p>Results of this investigation are presented in three units. Part I comprises an introduction and 17 chapters, each describing and discussing one of the regions in which the conterminous United States was divided for purposes of study and mapping. Part II is a synthesis of Pennsylvanian history to accompany interpretive maps of the five divisions of the Pennsylvanian System treated in this publication; it also includes a series of chapters on depositional environments, climatic conditions, and economic products of the system. The final section of part II is devoted to an index of localities and sources used in construction of the principal maps of this publication. Part III consists of the plates on which are presented the major maps and sections. </p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Paleotectonic investigations of the Pennsylvanian System in the United States","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/pp8531","usgsCitation":"McKee, E.D., Crosby, E.J., Bachman, G.O., Bell, K., Dixon, G.H., Frezon, S.E., Glick, E., Irwin, W., Mallory, W., Mapel, W., Maughan, E.K., Prichard, G., Shideler, G.L., Stewart, G.F., Wanless, H.R., and Wilson, R.F., 1975, Paleotectonic investigations of the Pennsylvanian System in the United States, Part I: Introduction and regional analyses of the Pennsylvanian System: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 853-1, v, 349 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp8531.","productDescription":"v, 349 p.","numberOfPages":"395","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":422208,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_5091.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":279568,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0853-1/report.pdf"},{"id":399516,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_93464.htm"},{"id":278456,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp8531.jpg"},{"id":399515,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_93462.htm"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.8,24.5 ], [ -124.8,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,24.5 ], [ -124.8,24.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"526b9307e4b058918d0acc1a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKee, Edwin D.","contributorId":60207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"Edwin","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crosby, Eleanor J.","contributorId":87534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crosby","given":"Eleanor","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bachman, George O.","contributorId":25070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bachman","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bell, Kenneth G.","contributorId":42490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bell","given":"Kenneth G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dixon, George H.","contributorId":70864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dixon","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Frezon, Sherwood E.","contributorId":105703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frezon","given":"Sherwood","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Glick, Ernest E.","contributorId":74289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glick","given":"Ernest E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Irwin, William P.","contributorId":12889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irwin","given":"William P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Mallory, William W.","contributorId":23838,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mallory","given":"William W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Mapel, William J.","contributorId":89796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mapel","given":"William J.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":485253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Maughan, Edwin K.","contributorId":85172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maughan","given":"Edwin","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Prichard, George E.","contributorId":86017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prichard","given":"George E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Shideler, Gerald L.","contributorId":89137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shideler","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Stewart, Gary F.","contributorId":96994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Wanless, Harold R.","contributorId":97094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wanless","given":"Harold","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Wilson, Richard F.","contributorId":42607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16}]}}
,{"id":70174075,"text":"70174075 - 1975 - Sediment yields of streams in the Umpqua River Basin, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-08T09:46:43","indexId":"70174075","displayToPublicDate":"1976-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":375,"text":"Open-File Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Sediment yields of streams in the Umpqua River Basin, Oregon","docAbstract":"<p>This report summarizes sediment data collected at 11 sites in the Umpqua River basin from 1956 to 1973 and updates a report by C. A. Onions (1969) of estimated sediment yields in the basin from 1956-67. &nbsp;Onions' report points out that the suspended-sediment data, collected during the 1956-67 period, were insufficient to compute reliable sediment yields. &nbsp;Therefore, the U.S, Geological Survey, in cooperation with Douglas County, collected additional data from 1969 to 1973 to improve the water discharge-sediment discharge relationships at these sites. &nbsp;These data are published in \"Water resources data for Oregon, Part 2, Water quality records,\" 1970 through 1973 water years. &nbsp;In addition to the 10 original sites, data were collected during this period from the Umpqua River near Elkton station, and a summary of the data for that station is included in table 1.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70174075","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Douglas County","usgsCitation":"Curtiss, D.A., 1975, Sediment yields of streams in the Umpqua River Basin, Oregon: Open-File Report, 15.79 x 21.01 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/70174075.","productDescription":"15.79 x 21.01 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324432,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70174075.PNG"},{"id":324886,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70174075/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Umpqua River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -123.61541748046875,\n              42.71069600569494\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.61541748046875,\n              43.715534726205114\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.98095703125,\n              43.715534726205114\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.98095703125,\n              42.71069600569494\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.61541748046875,\n              42.71069600569494\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57724e35e4b07657d1a819d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Curtiss, D. A.","contributorId":27862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curtiss","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":28056,"text":"wri7524 - 1975 - Water and the South Florida environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-27T20:30:33.304177","indexId":"wri7524","displayToPublicDate":"1975-12-31T21:20:00","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"75-24","title":"Water and the South Florida environment","docAbstract":"<p><span>Ecological problems are a major concern to Florida as well as to </span><span>the Nation. National attention was focused on these problems in </span><span>September 1968, when the Port Authority of Dade County began to con-</span><span>struct a jetport for supersonic aircraft on a 39-square-mile tract 6 </span><span>miles north of Everglades National Park and on the east edge of the </span><span>Big Cypress Swamp. Conservation groups and citizens raised questions </span><span>as to the effects of a regional jetport and the attendant satellite </span><span>growth on the water resources and biological communities of the National </span><span>Park. The Department of the Interior began studies to investigate the </span><span>situation. One study, Leopold (1969), reported on the unfavorable </span><span>ecological effects of the attendant satellite growth. </span></p><p><span>Then Secretary of the Interior, Walter J. Hickel, directed the U.S. Geological Survey to study the water resources of the Big Cypress to determine which parts of the Big Cypress contribute the major part of the water necessary to maintain adequate water supplies for Everglades National Park. This was done in a report by Klein and others (1970).</span></p><p><span>At about the same time, the Departments of interior and Transportation, the State of Florida, and the Dade County Port Authority con-curred in assigning to the Secretary of the Interior certain responsibilities for planning, developing, and coordinating an ecological study of south Florida. A primary objective of the ecological study is to provide information that will assist in the formulation of land-use policy consistent with the protection of the environment of Everglades National Park, the adjacent estuaries, and the public water supplies.</span></p><p><span>The part of the investigation describing the surface-water and ground-water resources of south Florida was assigned to the Geological Survey. The quantity and quality of surface water and ground water and their interrelation with estuarine and marine waters are here considered. Also considered are the problems, present or future, related to the hydrologic environment that involve human, animal, and plant life. Changes taking place, apparent trends, and projections for the future are also considered, as well as alternatives for water management.</span></p><p><span>The Geological Survey effort began in January 1971, when aerial photography and selected qualitative hydrologic data were obtained. However, most of the information upon which this report Is based was obtained by the Geological Survey in cooperative programs with several local, State, and Federal agencies since about 1940. The long-term support of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, the National Park Service, U.S. Navy, Florida Department of Natural Resources, Central and Southern Florida Flood Control District, Dade, Broward, Palm Beach and Collier Counties, Miami and Miami Beach, Ft. Lauderdale, Naples and others in the collection of data is gratefully acknowledged.</span></p><p><span>A prolonged drought throughout south Florida from September 1970 to May 1971 accentuated the importance and timeliness of the study. The drought brought about a readvance of sea-water intrusion in many coastal areas, which necessitated restrictions on water use. The effect of drought on the regional water supply, continued population growth and increased water demands, and deterioration of the water quality in many of the canals and waterways of the urban areas accentuated the need for improved water management and land-use planning.</span></p><p><span>As a result of the water crisis, the Governor of Florida called a special conference in September 1971. The conference, attended by foremost scientific and government personnel, proposed creation of an agency that would develop and implement comprehensive land and water-use plans for south Florida that would minimize environmental degradation. </span></p><p><span><br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri7524","usgsCitation":"Klein, H., Armbruster, J., McPherson, B.F., and Freiberger, H., 1975, Water and the South Florida environment: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 75-24, 165 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7524.","productDescription":"165 p.","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":377240,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1975/0024/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 75-24"},{"id":157985,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1975/0024/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -82.584228515625,\n              25.095548539604252\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.639892578125,\n              25.095548539604252\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.639892578125,\n              27.23021032948516\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.584228515625,\n              27.23021032948516\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.584228515625,\n              25.095548539604252\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p><a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/car-fl-water\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/car-fl-water\">Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>3321 College Avenue<br>Davie, FL 33314</p><p><a href=\"../contact\" data-mce-href=\"../contact\">Contact Pubs Warehouse</a></p>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa333","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Klein, Howard","contributorId":62189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klein","given":"Howard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Armbruster, J.T.","contributorId":101622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Armbruster","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McPherson, B. 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,{"id":70186560,"text":"70186560 - 1975 - Radiometric age map of southeast Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-07T16:26:42","indexId":"70186560","displayToPublicDate":"1975-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5403,"text":"Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Open File Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"title":"Radiometric age map of southeast Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>This map includes published, thesis, and open-file radiometric data available to us as of June, 1975. Some dates are not plotted because of inadequate location data in the original references.</p><p>The map is divided into five sections, based on 1:1,000,000 scale enlargements of the National Atlas maps of Alaska. Within each section (e.g., southeastern Alaska), radiometric dates are plotted and keyed to 1:250,000 scale quadrangles. Accompanying each map section is table 1, listing map numbers and the sample identification numbers used in DGGS Special Report 10: Radiometric Dates from Alaska-A 1975 Compilation”. The reader is referred to Special Report 10 for more complete information on location, rock type, dating method, and literature references for each age entry. A listing of dates in Special Report lo which require correction or deletion is included S table 2. Corrected and additional entries are listed in table 3. The listings in tables 2 and 3 follow the format of Special Report 10. Table 4 is a glossary of abbreviations used for quadrangle name, rock type, mineral dated, and type of dating method used.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys","doi":"10.14509/178","usgsCitation":"Wilson, F.H., and Turner, D.L., 1975, Radiometric age map of southeast Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Open File Report, Map: 26.42 x 38.17 inches, https://doi.org/10.14509/178.","productDescription":"Map: 26.42 x 38.17 inches","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480631,"rank":7,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.14509/178","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":341677,"rank":6,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70187736","text":"Radiometric dates from Alaska: A 1975 compilation"},{"id":341676,"rank":5,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70187735","text":"Radiometric age map of northern Alaska"},{"id":341675,"rank":4,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70187732","text":"Radiometric age map of southcentral Alaska"},{"id":341673,"rank":2,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70187729","text":"Radiometric age map of Aleutian Islands"},{"id":341674,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70187731","text":"Radiometric age map of southwest Alaska"},{"id":339228,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -130,\n              53\n            ],\n            [\n              -129,\n              61\n            ],\n            [\n              -140,\n              61\n            ],\n            [\n              -139,\n              53\n            ],\n            [\n              -130,\n              53\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58e60287e4b09da6799ac701","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Frederic H. 0000-0003-1761-6437 fwilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1761-6437","contributorId":67174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Frederic","email":"fwilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":689580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Turner, D. L.","contributorId":53776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":689581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
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,{"id":70187735,"text":"70187735 - 1975 - Radiometric age map of northern Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-07T16:50:59","indexId":"70187735","displayToPublicDate":"1975-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5403,"text":"Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Open File Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"DGGS AOF 86","title":"Radiometric age map of northern Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>This map includes published, thesis, and open-file radiometric data available to us as of June, 1975. Some dates are not plotted because of inadequate location data in the original references.</p><p>The map is divided into five sections, based on 1:1,000,000 scale enlargements of the National Atlas maps of Alaska. Within each section (e.g., southeastern Alaska), radiometric dates are plotted and keyed to 1:250,000 scale quadrangles. Accompanying each map section is table 1, listing map numbers and the sample identification numbers used in DGGS Special Report 10: Radiometric Dates from Alaska-A 1975 Compilation”. The reader is referred to Special Report 10 for more complete information on location, rock type, dating method, and literature references for each age entry. A listing of dates in Special Report lo which require correction or deletion is included S table 2. Corrected and additional entries are listed in table 3. The listings in tables 2 and 3 follow the format of Special Report 10. Table 4 is a glossary of abbreviations used for quadrangle name, rock type, mineral dated, and type of dating method used.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys","publisherLocation":"Fairbanks, AK","doi":"10.14509/182","usgsCitation":"Wilson, F.H., and Turner, D.L., 1975, Radiometric age map of northern Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Open File Report DGGS AOF 86, Map: 53.40 x 36.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.14509/182.","productDescription":"Map: 53.40 x 36.00 inches","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480632,"rank":7,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.14509/182","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":341366,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":341706,"rank":6,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70187736","text":"Radiometric dates from Alaska: A 1975 compilation"},{"id":341705,"rank":5,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70187732","text":"Radiometric age map of southcentral Alaska"},{"id":341704,"rank":4,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70187731","text":"Radiometric age map of southwest Alaska"},{"id":341703,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70187729","text":"Radiometric age map of Aleutian Islands"},{"id":341702,"rank":2,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70186560","text":"Radiometric age map of southeast Alaska"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -169,\n              64\n            ],\n            [\n              -141,\n              64\n            ],\n            [\n              -138,\n              72\n            ],\n            [\n              -172,\n              72\n            ],\n            [\n              -169,\n              64\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"591c0fd8e4b0a7fdb43ddf26","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Frederic H. 0000-0003-1761-6437 fwilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1761-6437","contributorId":67174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Frederic","email":"fwilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Turner, D. L.","contributorId":53776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
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,{"id":70187732,"text":"70187732 - 1975 - Radiometric age map of southcentral Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-07T16:50:42","indexId":"70187732","displayToPublicDate":"1975-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5403,"text":"Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Open File Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"DGGS AOF 85","title":"Radiometric age map of southcentral Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>This map includes published, thesis, and open-file radiometric data available to us as of June, 1975. Some dates are not plotted because of inadequate location data in the original references.</p><p>The map is divided into five sections, based on 1:1,000,000 scale enlargements of the National Atlas maps of Alaska. Within each section (e.g., southeastern Alaska), radiometric dates are plotted and keyed to 1:250,000 scale quadrangles. Accompanying each map section is table 1, listing map numbers and the sample identification numbers used in DGGS Special Report 10: Radiometric Dates from Alaska-A 1975 Compilation”. The reader is referred to Special Report 10 for more complete information on location, rock type, dating method, and literature references for each age entry. A listing of dates in Special Report lo which require correction or deletion is included S table 2. Corrected and additional entries are listed in table 3. The listings in tables 2 and 3 follow the format of Special Report 10. Table 4 is a glossary of abbreviations used for quadrangle name, rock type, mineral dated, and type of dating method used.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys","publisherLocation":"Fairbanks, AK","doi":"10.14509/181","usgsCitation":"Wilson, F.H., and Turner, D.L., 1975, Radiometric age map of southcentral Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Open File Report DGGS AOF 85, Map: 40.33 x 34.50 inches, https://doi.org/10.14509/181.","productDescription":"Map: 40.33 x 34.50 inches","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480633,"rank":7,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.14509/181","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":341361,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":341695,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70187729","text":"Radiometric age map of Aleutian Islands"},{"id":341696,"rank":4,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70187731","text":"Radiometric age map of southwest Alaska"},{"id":341694,"rank":2,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70186560","text":"Radiometric age map of southeast Alaska"},{"id":341697,"rank":5,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70187735","text":"Radiometric age map of northern Alaska"},{"id":341698,"rank":6,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70187736","text":"Radiometric dates from Alaska: A 1975 compilation"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -154,\n              58\n            ],\n            [\n              -138,\n              58\n            ],\n            [\n              -138,\n              65\n            ],\n            [\n              -154,\n              65\n            ],\n            [\n              -154,\n              58\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"591c0fd8e4b0a7fdb43ddf28","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Frederic H. 0000-0003-1761-6437 fwilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1761-6437","contributorId":67174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Frederic","email":"fwilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Turner, D. L.","contributorId":53776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70207384,"text":"70207384 - 1975 - Chemical compositions of Kilauea east-rift lava, 1968–1971","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-03T15:13:20.720167","indexId":"70207384","displayToPublicDate":"1975-12-18T13:45:05","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2420,"text":"Journal of Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chemical compositions of Kilauea east-rift lava, 1968–1971","docAbstract":"<p>The major element chemical compositions of lava from four eruptions on the east rift zone of Kilauea between August 1968 and October 1971 reflect three petrologic processes:</p><ol class=\"number\"><li><p>Production of chemically distinct batches of magma in the mantle.</p></li><li><p>Separation of olivine, augite, and plagioclase from liquid during flow in the rift-zone conduits.</p></li><li><p>Mixing of different magmas during ascent to the surface.</p></li></ol><p><br></p><p>Chemically none of the four Kilauea east-rift eruptions matches the preceding summit eruption in Halemaumau that ended in July 1968. The Mauna Ulu eruption, May 1969 to October 1971 (the last of flie east-rift eruptions), can be divided into five olivine-controlled and chemically distinct variants. Three of these characterize the first seven months of the eruption and are closest in composition to the 1967–8 Halemaumau eruption. Variants 4 and 5 were erupted later and have compositions that are distinctly different from that of the 1967–8 eruption. Major differences are higher Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>(0·15–0·23 per cent), and lower K<sub>2</sub>O (0·07–0·10 per cent) and TiO<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>(0·12–0·23 per cent) in variants 4 and 5 at the same MgO content. Some lavas from eruptions in August and October 1968 and February 1969, have olivine-controlled magma compositions that are identical to mixtures of Mauna Ulu variants 1–3 and the 1967–8 composition. This observation fits an hypothesis advanced earlier by T. L. Wright and R. S. Fiske that magmas in the central magma chamber become mixed with magmas in the rift zone and can be identified as mixing components of rift eruption magmas before they appear as distinctive magmas in summit eruptions.</p><p>Lavas representing mixing of olivine-controlled magma with differentiated magma were erupted in October 1968, February 1969, and in May and December 1969.</p><p>The changes in amount of K<sub>2</sub>O and TiO<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>during the latter part of the 1969–71 Mauna Ulu eruption are the reverse of the overall secular change in composition of Kilauea summit lavas from pre-1750 through 1967–8. The K<sub>2</sub>O and TiO<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>contents of the latest overflows during the 1969–71 Mauna Ulu eruption (April 1971) are comparable to that of lava erupted at Kilauea summit prior to 1750.</p><p>The changing chemistry of Kilauea magma is found to be of use as a ‘tracer’ in the complex Kilauea conduit system. Application of these data to older lava sequences is difficul because of the complexity of the processes controlling lava composition and the absence of detailed information about the time-space chemical variation during individual eruptions.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/petrology/16.1.110","usgsCitation":"Wright, T., Swanson, D., and Duffield, W.A., 1975, Chemical compositions of Kilauea east-rift lava, 1968–1971: Journal of Petrology, v. 16, no. 1, p. 110-133, https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/16.1.110.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"110","endPage":"133","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":370424,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -155.5499267578125,\n              19.002399756194887\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.26702880859375,\n              19.235956641468505\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.89898681640625,\n              19.35001948171314\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.98687744140625,\n              19.531318700282522\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.28900146484375,\n              19.694314241825747\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.4071044921875,\n              19.611543503814232\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.665283203125,\n              19.407021044033193\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.73394775390625,\n              19.178895462707946\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.5499267578125,\n              19.002399756194887\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wright, Thomas L. twright@usgs.gov","contributorId":3890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Thomas L.","email":"twright@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":777874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Swanson, Don 0000-0002-1680-3591 donswan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1680-3591","contributorId":168817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Don","email":"donswan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":777875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Duffield, Wendell A.","contributorId":14363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duffield","given":"Wendell","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":777876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70207194,"text":"70207194 - 1975 - Crustal movement investigations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-01T12:49:27.407828","indexId":"70207194","displayToPublicDate":"1975-12-11T13:52:35","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3283,"text":"Reviews of Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Crustal movement investigations","docAbstract":"<p><span>Studies of horizontal crustal movement using conventional geodetic methods have been considerably expanded in the quadrennium 1971–1974. The basic fault monitor Geodimeter network now covers most of the major faults in California as well as the zone of faulting that extends into Nevada. Isolated Geodimeter networks in seismic areas of Montana, New Mexico, Utah, and Washington are also monitored. Part of the Geodimeter network along the San Andreas fault has been monitored for over 15 yr, and there appears to be a systematic deviation from a linear trend for most of the lines [</span><i>Greensfelder and Bennett</i><span>, 1973;&nbsp;</span><i>Savage et al.</i><span>, 1973]. However, this deviation may be an artifact of a change in survey procedures in mid‐1969. The conclusions that can be drawn from the Geodimeter observations at present are the following: (1) The present apparent interplate motion across the San Andreas fault in central California is only 30–40 mm/yr [</span><i>Savage and Burford</i><span>, 1973], in contrast to the average of 50–60 mm/yr as estimated from magnetic anomalies at the mouth of the Gulf of California. (2) Measurements of fault creep on the creeping segment of the San Andreas fault agree reasonably well with the plate movement indicated by geodetic measurements, this agreement suggesting that fault creep on this segment is the principal mode of accommodation [</span><i>Savage and Burford</i><span>, 1971]. (3) The rate of strain accumulation along the San Andreas fault is not well measured anywhere, but the overall tensor strain rate appears to be about 0.3 microstrain/yr or less [</span><i>Savage et al.</i><span>, 1973]. A considerable effort has also been expended reanalyzing old triangulation data for networks that cross the San Andreas fault. In such a study,&nbsp;</span><i>Thatcher</i><span>&nbsp;[1974] deduced evidence for several meters of afterslip on the San Andreas fault at depths greater than 10 km following the 1906 earthquake. This appears at the surface as a very rapid accumulation of strain in the years immediately following the earthquake.&nbsp;</span><i>Meade</i><span>&nbsp;[1974] has called attention to a remarkably uniform change of the astronomic azimuth with time for a line that crosses the San Andreas fault about 35 km south of the southern terminus of the 1906 rupture. This change of azimuth implies a uniform right lateral motion across the fault amounting to 32 mm/yr in the period 1885–1962. By comparing a 1942 triangulation survey and a 1970 Geodimeter survey,&nbsp;</span><i>Page</i><span>&nbsp;[1972] found neither lateral slip nor shear strain accumulation consistent with lateral slip across the Denali fault in Alaska. He did observe a north‐south extension that was possibly an effect of strain release at the time of the 1964 Alaska earthquake.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/RG013i003p00263","usgsCitation":"Savage, J.C., 1975, Crustal movement investigations: Reviews of Geophysics, v. 13, no. 3, p. 263-265, https://doi.org/10.1029/RG013i003p00263.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"263","endPage":"265","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":370175,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-06-14","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savage, James C. 0000-0002-5114-7673 jasavage@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5114-7673","contributorId":2412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savage","given":"James","email":"jasavage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":777237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5222346,"text":"5222346 - 1975 - Optimal exploitation strategies for an animal population in a Markovian environment:  A theory and an example","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-18T17:48:47.180653","indexId":"5222346","displayToPublicDate":"1975-10-01T12:17:59","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Optimal exploitation strategies for an animal population in a Markovian environment:  A theory and an example","docAbstract":"<p><span>Optimal exploitation strategies were studied for an animal population in a Markovian (stochastic, serially correlated) environment. This is a general case and encompasses a number of important special cases as simplifications. Extensive empirical data on the Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) were used as an example of general theory. The number of small ponds on the central breeding grounds was used as an index to the state of the environment. A general mathematical model was formulated to provide a synthesis of the existing literature, estimates of parameters developed from an analysis of data, and hypotheses regarding the specific effect of exploitation on total survival. The literature and analysis of data were inconclusive concerning the effect of exploitation on survival. Therefore, two hypotheses were explored: (1) exploitation mortality represents a largely additive form of mortality, and (2) exploitation mortality is compensatory with other forms of mortality, at least to some threshold level. Models incorporating these two hypotheses were formulated as stochastic dynamic programming models and optimal exploitation strategies were derived numerically on a digital computer. Optimal exploitation strategies were found to exist under the rather general conditions. Direct feedback control was an integral component in the optimal decision—making process. Optimal exploitation was found to be substantially different depending upon the hypothesis regarding the effect of exploitation on the population. If we assume that exploitation is largely an additive force of mortality in Mallards, then optimal exploitation decisions are a convex function of the size of the breeding population and a linear or slight concave function of the environmental conditions. Under the hypothesis of compensatory mortality forces, optimal exploitation decisions are approximately linearly related to the size of the Mallard breeding population. Dynamic programming is suggested as a very general formulation for realistic solutions to the general optimal exploitation problem. The concepts of state vectors and stage transformations are completely general. Populations can be modeled stochastically and the objective function can include extra—biological factors. The optimal level of exploitation in year t must be based on the observed size of the population and the state of the environment in year t unless the dynamics of the population, the state of the environment, and the result of the exploitation decisions are completely deterministic. Exploitation based on an average harvest, or harvest rate, or designed to maintain a constant breeding population size is inefficient.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.2307/1934697","usgsCitation":"Anderson, D.R., 1975, Optimal exploitation strategies for an animal population in a Markovian environment:  A theory and an example: Ecology, v. 56, no. 6, p. 1281-1297, https://doi.org/10.2307/1934697.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1281","endPage":"1297","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194314,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"56","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aefe4b07f02db6913dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, David R.","contributorId":92722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70010117,"text":"70010117 - 1975 - Earthquake shaking and damage to buildings","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-22T16:09:59.323207","indexId":"70010117","displayToPublicDate":"1975-08-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Earthquake shaking and damage to buildings","docAbstract":"<p><span>Ground shaking close to the causative fault of an earthquake is more intense than it was previously believed to be. This raises the possibility that large numbers of buildings and other structures are not sufficiently resistant for the intense levels of shaking that can occur close to the fault. Many structures were built before earthquake codes were adopted; others were built according to codes formulated when less was known about the intensity of near-fault shaking. Although many building types are more resistant than conventional design analyses imply, the margin of safety is difficult to quantify. Many modern structures, such as freeways, have not been subjected to and tested by near-fault shaking in major earthquakes (magnitude 7 or greater). Damage patterns in recent moderate-sized earthquakes occurring in or adjacent to urbanized areas, however, indicate that many structures, including some modern ones designed to meet earthquake code requirements, cannot withstand the severe shaking that can occur close to a fault.</span></p><p><span>It is necessary to review the ground motion assumed and the methods utilized in the design of important existing structures and, if necessary, to strengthen or modify the use of structures that are found to be weak. New structures situated close to active faults should be designed on the basis of ground motion estimates greater than those used in the past.</span></p><p><span>The ultimate balance between risk of earthquake losses and cost for both remedial strengthening and improved earthquake-resistant construction must be decided by the public. Scientists and engineers must inform the public about earthquake shaking and its effect on structures.</span></p><p><span>The exposure to damage from seismic shaking is steadily increasing because of continuing urbanization and the increasing complexity of lifeline systems, such as power, water, transportation, and communication systems. In the near future we should expect additional painful examples of the damage potential of moderate-sized earthquakes in urban areas. Over a longer time span, however, we can significantly reduce the risk to life and property from seismic shaking through better land utilization, improved building codes and construction practices, and at least the gradual replacement of poor buildings by more resistant buildings.</span></p><p><span>Progress toward reducing risk from seismic shaking through better building design is slowed by deficiencies in our knowledge about the nature of damaging ground motion and the failure mechanisms in structures. For example, lacking observational data, seismologists must rely on simplified theoretical and numerical models of the earthquake process to estimate near-fault ground motion, especially for earthquakes as large as magnitude 7 and 8. Because such models have not been adequately tested against data, their reliability is unknown. Engineers lack detailed information about failure processes in structures during an earthquake. Although many structures have been instrumented to measure their response to an earthquake, few records have been obtained from buildings that actually sustained significant structural damage and few structures are properly instrumented to measure all the modes of deformation that are likely to contribute to failure. Moreover, the fact that many structures have withstood ground motion more intense than that assumed in their design indicates that conventional methods of design do not take into account important contributions to earthquake resistance by nonstructural elements and by the ability of structural elements to deform inelastically without necessarily causing failure of the structure. It is fortunate when such reserve resistance exists, but better understanding of the sources of reserve strength is needed to determine how large a margin of safety they confer and how they might be affected by changes in construction practices and materials with time.</span></p><p><span>In the next few years we look forward to significant advances in knowledge and to more effective application of what is already known, largely because of substantial funding of research related to seismic engineering by the National Science Foundation . The increasing number of strong-motion seismographs operating in seismically active regions will likely provide for the first time a number of records of damaging levels of ground motion. Significant effort is being directed toward obtaining near-fault records, although many probable sites of future large earthquakes remain inadequately instrumented, especially outside the conterminous United States. New and more complete information on building response and damage mechanisms will be obtained by improved instrumentation of structures and through laboratory investigations of failure in structures and structural elements. Further developments in computer technology and in computer modeling techniques will permit more realistic simulations of the seismic response of soils and structures that take into account their inelastic behavior and their strain-dependent properties. Earthquake design codes will continually be revised to better utilize existing knowledge concerning the nature of strong ground motion and the dynamic behavior of buildings during earthquakes and to incorporate new knowledge and also experiences gained from future earthquakes. We believe that application of new knowledge, improvements in earthquake-resistant design and construction, and remedial strengthening or replacement of weak existing structures can significantly reduce our current level of exposure to earthquake hazards.</span></p><p><span><br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.189.4203.601","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Page, R., Joyner, W.B., and Blume, J., 1975, Earthquake shaking and damage to buildings: Science, v. 189, no. 4203, p. 601-608, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.189.4203.601.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"601","endPage":"608","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218844,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"189","issue":"4203","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0503e4b0c8380cd50bfa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Page, R.A.","contributorId":40197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Page","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Joyner, W. B.","contributorId":70746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Joyner","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blume, J.A.","contributorId":27600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blume","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70231227,"text":"70231227 - 1975 - Evaluation of LANDSAT-2 (ERTS) images applied to geologic structures and mineral resources of South America: Type II progress report for period March 14, 1975-June 30, 1975","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-03T16:32:52.624695","indexId":"70231227","displayToPublicDate":"1975-07-01T11:22:56","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"title":"Evaluation of LANDSAT-2 (ERTS) images applied to geologic structures and mineral resources of South America: Type II progress report for period March 14, 1975-June 30, 1975","docAbstract":"<p>The author has identified the following significant results. Work with the Image 100 clearly demonstrates that radiance values of LANDSAT data can be used for correlation of geologic formations across international boundaries. The Totora Formation of the Corocoro Group of Tertiary age was traced from known outcrops near Tiahuanaco, Bolivia, along the south side of Lake Titicaca westward into Peru where the same rocks are considered to be Cretaceous in age. This inconsistency suggests: (1) that a review of this formation is needed by joint geological surveys of both countries to determine similarities, differences, and the true age; (2) that recognition of the extension of the copper-bearing Totora Formation of Bolivia into Peru may provide Peru with a new target for exploration. Equal radiance maps made by use of the Image 100 system show as many as eight different units within salar deposits (salt flats) of the Bolivian Altiplano. Standard film processed images show them as nearly uniform areas of white because of lack of dynamic range in film products. The Image 100 system, therefore, appears to be of great assistance in subdividing the salt flats on the basis of moisture distribution, surface roughness, and distribution of windblown materials. Field work is needed to determine these relationships to mineral composition and distribution. Images representing seasonal changes should also improve the accuracy of such maps. Radiance values of alteration zones related to the occurrence of porphyry copper ores were measured at the San Juan del Abra deposit of northern Chile using the Image 100 system. The extent to which these same values may be used to detect similar alteration zones in other areas has not yet been tested.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","usgsCitation":"Carter, W.D., 1975, Evaluation of LANDSAT-2 (ERTS) images applied to geologic structures and mineral resources of South America: Type II progress report for period March 14, 1975-June 30, 1975, 45 p.","productDescription":"45 p.","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":400070,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":400067,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19760013509/downloads/19760013509.pdf","size":"4,439 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"Bolivia, Chile, Peru","otherGeospatial":"Bolivian Altiplano, Lake Titicaca","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-68.63401,-52.63637],[-68.63335,-54.8695],[-67.56244,-54.87001],[-66.95992,-54.89681],[-67.29103,-55.30124],[-68.14863,-55.61183],[-68.63999,-55.58002],[-69.2321,-55.49906],[-69.95809,-55.19843],[-71.00568,-55.05383],[-72.2639,-54.49514],[-73.2852,-53.95752],[-74.66253,-52.83749],[-73.8381,-53.04743],[-72.43418,-53.7154],[-71.10773,-54.07433],[-70.59178,-53.61583],[-70.26748,-52.93123],[-69.34565,-52.5183],[-68.63401,-52.63637]]],[[[-67.10667,-22.73592],[-66.98523,-22.98635],[-67.32844,-24.0253],[-68.41765,-24.51855],[-68.386,-26.18502],[-68.5948,-26.50691],[-68.29554,-26.89934],[-69.00123,-27.52121],[-69.65613,-28.45914],[-70.01355,-29.36792],[-69.91901,-30.33634],[-70.53507,-31.36501],[-70.0744,-33.09121],[-69.81478,-33.27389],[-69.81731,-34.19357],[-70.38805,-35.16969],[-70.36477,-36.00509],[-71.12188,-36.65812],[-71.11863,-37.57683],[-70.81466,-38.553],[-71.41352,-38.91602],[-71.68076,-39.80816],[-71.91573,-40.83234],[-71.7468,-42.05139],[-72.1489,-42.25489],[-71.91542,-43.40856],[-71.46406,-43.78761],[-71.79362,-44.20717],[-71.3298,-44.40752],[-71.22278,-44.78424],[-71.65932,-44.97369],[-71.55201,-45.56073],[-71.91726,-46.88484],[-72.44736,-47.73853],[-72.33116,-48.24424],[-72.64825,-48.87862],[-73.41544,-49.31844],[-73.32805,-50.37879],[-72.97575,-50.74145],[-72.30997,-50.67701],[-72.3294,-51.42596],[-71.9148,-52.00902],[-69.49836,-52.14276],[-68.57155,-52.29944],[-69.46128,-52.29195],[-69.94278,-52.53793],[-70.8451,-52.8992],[-71.00633,-53.83325],[-71.42979,-53.85645],[-72.55794,-53.53141],[-73.70276,-52.83507],[-74.94676,-52.26275],[-75.26003,-51.62935],[-74.97663,-51.0434],[-75.47975,-50.37837],[-75.60802,-48.67377],[-75.18277,-47.71192],[-74.12658,-46.93925],[-75.6444,-46.64764],[-74.69215,-45.76398],[-74.35171,-44.10304],[-73.24036,-44.45496],[-72.7178,-42.38336],[-73.3889,-42.11753],[-73.70134,-43.36578],[-74.33194,-43.22496],[-74.01796,-41.79481],[-73.6771,-39.94221],[-73.21759,-39.25869],[-73.50556,-38.28288],[-73.58806,-37.15628],[-73.16672,-37.12378],[-72.55314,-35.50884],[-71.86173,-33.90909],[-71.43845,-32.4189],[-71.66872,-30.92064],[-71.37008,-30.09568],[-71.48989,-28.86144],[-70.90512,-27.64038],[-70.72495,-25.70592],[-70.40397,-23.629],[-70.09125,-21.39332],[-70.16442,-19.75647],[-70.37257,-18.34798],[-71.37525,-17.7738],[-71.46204,-17.36349],[-73.44453,-16.35936],[-75.23788,-15.26568],[-76.00921,-14.64929],[-76.42347,-13.82319],[-76.25924,-13.53504],[-77.10619,-12.22272],[-78.09215,-10.37771],[-79.03695,-8.38657],[-79.44592,-7.93083],[-79.76058,-7.19434],[-80.53748,-6.54167],[-81.25,-6.13683],[-80.92635,-5.69056],[-81.41094,-4.73676],[-81.09967,-4.03639],[-80.30256,-3.40486],[-80.18401,-3.82116],[-80.46929,-4.05929],[-80.44224,-4.42572],[-80.02891,-4.34609],[-79.62498,-4.4542],[-79.20529,-4.95913],[-78.6399,-4.54778],[-78.45068,-3.8731],[-77.8379,-3.00302],[-76.63539,-2.60868],[-75.545,-1.56161],[-75.23372,-0.91142],[-75.37322,-0.15203],[-75.10662,-0.05721],[-74.4416,-0.53082],[-74.1224,-1.00283],[-73.6595,-1.26049],[-73.07039,-2.30895],[-72.32579,-2.43422],[-71.77476,-2.16979],[-71.41365,-2.3428],[-70.81348,-2.25686],[-70.04771,-2.72516],[-70.69268,-3.74287],[-70.39404,-3.76659],[-69.89364,-4.29819],[-70.79477,-4.25126],[-70.92884,-4.40159],[-71.74841,-4.59398],[-72.89193,-5.27456],[-72.96451,-5.74125],[-73.21971,-6.08919],[-73.12003,-6.62993],[-73.72449,-6.9186],[-73.7234,-7.341],[-73.98724,-7.52383],[-73.57106,-8.42445],[-73.01538,-9.03283],[-73.22671,-9.46221],[-72.56303,-9.52019],[-72.18489,-10.0536],[-71.30241,-10.07944],[-70.48189,-9.49012],[-70.54869,-11.00915],[-70.09375,-11.12397],[-69.52968,-10.95173],[-68.78616,-11.03638],[-68.27125,-11.01452],[-68.04819,-10.71206],[-67.1738,-10.30681],[-66.64691,-9.93133],[-65.33844,-9.76199],[-65.44484,-10.51145],[-65.3219,-10.89587],[-65.40228,-11.56627],[-64.31635,-12.46198],[-63.1965,-12.62703],[-62.80306,-13.00065],[-62.12708,-13.19878],[-61.7132,-13.4892],[-61.08412,-13.47938],[-60.5033,-13.77595],[-60.4592,-14.35401],[-60.26433,-14.64598],[-60.25115,-15.07722],[-60.54297,-15.09391],[-60.15839,-16.25828],[-58.24122,-16.29957],[-58.38806,-16.87711],[-58.2808,-17.27171],[-57.73456,-17.55247],[-57.49837,-18.17419],[-57.67601,-18.96184],[-57.95,-19.4],[-57.8538,-19.97],[-58.16639,-20.1767],[-58.18347,-19.8684],[-59.11504,-19.35691],[-60.04356,-19.34275],[-61.78633,-19.63374],[-62.26596,-20.51373],[-62.29118,-21.05163],[-62.68506,-22.24903],[-62.84647,-22.03499],[-63.98684,-21.99364],[-64.37702,-22.79809],[-64.96489,-22.07586],[-66.27334,-21.83231],[-67.10667,-22.73592]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Chile\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carter, William D.","contributorId":64567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70199437,"text":"70199437 - 1975 - An empirical note on firm performance in government contract markets","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-29T16:00:14.427518","indexId":"70199437","displayToPublicDate":"1975-06-15T10:05:01","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5744,"text":"The Journal of Industrial Economics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An empirical note on firm performance in government contract markets","docAbstract":"<p>Public construction and, in particular, highway construction account for a large proportion of the non-defense expenditures by the government. Con- tracts for highway construction are let almost exclusively through a sealed tender process. Competitive bidding is used to encourage price competition. There is, however, a problem in insuring that the bidder is able to deliver the product of specified quality and within a particular time period. Hence, in regulating such markets for product performance the bidding authority may wish to exclude bidders who cannot demonstrate that they are qualified to perform the specified service. In this paper, data from state highway departments are used to indicate the consequences of such exclusive policies in terms of market performance. The results obtained are consistent with traditional theory and present an interesting addition to the more specialized literature on participation of private firms in government markets.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/2098298","usgsCitation":"Attanasi, E., and Johnson, S.R., 1975, An empirical note on firm performance in government contract markets: The Journal of Industrial Economics, v. 23, no. 4, p. 313-320, https://doi.org/10.2307/2098298.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"313","endPage":"320","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357422,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Attanasi, Emil D. 0000-0001-6845-7160 attanasi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6845-7160","contributorId":198728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Attanasi","given":"Emil D.","email":"attanasi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, S. R.","contributorId":361848,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"S.","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70001205,"text":"70001205 - 1975 - Crystal structure of the heptamolybdate(VI)(paramolybdate) ion, [Mo7O24]6–, in the ammonium and potassium tetrahydrate salts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-11T15:12:24.456569","indexId":"70001205","displayToPublicDate":"1975-06-01T23:09:33","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2537,"text":"Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Crystal structure of the heptamolybdate(VI)(paramolybdate) ion, [Mo<sub>7</sub>O<sub>24</sub>]<sup>6–</sup>, in the ammonium and potassium tetrahydrate salts","title":"Crystal structure of the heptamolybdate(VI)(paramolybdate) ion, [Mo7O24]6–, in the ammonium and potassium tetrahydrate salts","docAbstract":"<p>The crystal structures of the isomorphous salts M<small><sup>I</sup></small><small><sub>6</sub></small>[Mo<small><sub>7</sub></small>O<small><sub>24</sub></small>],4H<small><sub>2</sub></small>O (M = NH<small><sub>4</sub></small><span>&nbsp;</span>or K) have been refined by three-dimensional<span>&nbsp;</span><i>X</i>-ray diffraction methods. Unit cell dimensions of these monoclinic compounds, space group<span>&nbsp;</span><i>P</i>2<small><sub>1</sub></small>/<i>C</i><span>&nbsp;</span>with<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Z</i>= 4, are, ammonium salt:<span>&nbsp;</span><i>a</i>= 8·3934 ± 0·0008,<span>&nbsp;</span><i>b</i>= 36·1703 ± 0·0045,<span>&nbsp;</span><i>c</i>= 10·4715 ± 0·0011 Å, β= 115·958°± 0·008°; and potassium salt:<span>&nbsp;</span><i>a</i>= 8·15 ± 0·02,<span>&nbsp;</span><i>b</i>= 35·68 ± 0·1,<span>&nbsp;</span><i>c</i>= 10·30 ± 0·02 Å, β= 115·2°± 02°.</p><p>By use of multiple Weissenberg patterns, 8197 intensity data (Mo-<i>K</i><small><sub>α</sub></small><span>&nbsp;</span>radiation) for the ammonium compound and 2178 (Cu-<i>K</i><small><sub>α</sub></small><span>&nbsp;</span>radiation) for the potassium compound were estimated visually and used to test and refine Lindqvist's proposed structure in the space group<span>&nbsp;</span><i>P</i>2<small><sub>1</sub></small>/<i>c</i>. Lindqvist's structure was confirmed and the full matrix least-squares isotropic refinement led to<span>&nbsp;</span><i>R</i><span>&nbsp;</span>0·076 (ammonium) 0·120 (potassium), with direct unambiguous location of the cations and water molecules in the potassium compound.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Royal Society of Chemistry","doi":"10.1039/DT9750000505","usgsCitation":"Evans, H.T., Gatehouse, B.M., and Leverett, P., 1975, Crystal structure of the heptamolybdate(VI)(paramolybdate) ion, [Mo7O24]6–, in the ammonium and potassium tetrahydrate salts: Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions, no. 6, p. 505-514, https://doi.org/10.1039/DT9750000505.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"505","endPage":"514","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":203532,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67ed37","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Evans, Howard T. Jr.","contributorId":70852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"Howard","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gatehouse, B. M.","contributorId":95599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gatehouse","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leverett, P.","contributorId":21671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leverett","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70231222,"text":"70231222 - 1975 - Usefulness of LANDSAT data for monitoring plant development and range conditions in California's annual grassland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-03T15:25:58.711294","indexId":"70231222","displayToPublicDate":"1975-06-01T09:17:35","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Usefulness of LANDSAT data for monitoring plant development and range conditions in California's annual grassland","docAbstract":"<p>A network of sampling sites throughout the annual grassland region of California was established to correlate plant growth stages and forage production to climatic and other environmental factors. Plant growth and range conditions were further related to geographic location and seasonal variations. A sequence of LANDSAT data was obtained covering critical periods in the growth cycle. This was analyzed by both photointerpretation and computer aided techniques. Image characteristics and spectral reflectance data were then related to forage production, range condition, range site and changing growth conditions. It was determined that repeat sequences with LANDSAT color composite images do provide a means for monitoring changes in range condition. Spectral radiance data obtained from magnetic tape can be used to determine quantitatively the critical stages in the forage growth cycle. A computer ratioing technique provided a sensitive indicator of changes in growth stages and an indication of the relative differences in forage production between range sites.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"First comprehensive symposium on the practical application of Earth resources survey data","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"NASA Earth Resources Survey Symposium","conferenceDate":"June 9-12, 1975","conferenceLocation":"Houston, Texas, United States","language":"English","publisher":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","usgsCitation":"Carneggie, D., Degloria, S.D., and Colwell, R.N., 1975, Usefulness of LANDSAT data for monitoring plant development and range conditions in California's annual grassland, <i>in</i> First comprehensive symposium on the practical application of Earth resources survey data, v. 1-A, Houston, Texas, United States, June 9-12, 1975, p. 19-41.","productDescription":"A-3, 23 p.","startPage":"19","endPage":"41","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":400057,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":400055,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19760010384/downloads/19760010384.pdf","size":"8,119 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Coast Range, Sierra Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.75024414062499,\n              38.048091067457236\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.398681640625,\n              37.07271048132943\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.81689453125,\n              37.57070524233116\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.1904296875,\n              37.91820111976663\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.267333984375,\n              38.762650338334154\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.607666015625,\n              40.12009038025332\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.47583007812501,\n              40.588928169693745\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.78344726562499,\n              40.95501133048621\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.34374999999999,\n              41.02964338716638\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.15673828124999,\n              40.36328834091583\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.78320312499999,\n              39.977120098439634\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.75024414062499,\n              39.29179704377487\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.44262695312501,\n              38.89103282648846\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.75024414062499,\n              38.048091067457236\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"1-A","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carneggie, D. M.","contributorId":62795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carneggie","given":"D. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Degloria, Stephen D.","contributorId":147310,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Degloria","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":13243,"text":"University of California Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":842086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Colwell, R. N.","contributorId":291337,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Colwell","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70232592,"text":"70232592 - 1975 - A computer-assisted procedure for information processing of geologic field data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-08T15:42:36.819373","indexId":"70232592","displayToPublicDate":"1975-05-01T12:50:53","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A computer-assisted procedure for information processing of geologic field data","docAbstract":"<p>We have examined several computer systems to see how they could aid information processing of geologic field data. The processing procedure we have chosen combines a systematic note-taking technique, a computer text-editor for creating files of data, and automated printing of selected data or of complete file copies. Traditional text notes are the foundation of each station record, and no coding of data is required. The text-editor used is an interactive computer system that allows any individual with typing skills to build and use data files. On the basis of our experience, an interactive text-editor can readily fulfill the data-handling needs of most geologic field projects and offers important advantages over other systems that were examined.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U. S. Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Hudson, T., Askevold, G., and Plafker, G., 1975, A computer-assisted procedure for information processing of geologic field data: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 3, no. 3, p. 369-375.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"369","endPage":"375","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":403191,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":403190,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1975/vol3issue3/report.pdf","size":"22359 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"volume":"3","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hudson, Travis","contributorId":90282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hudson","given":"Travis","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":846026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Askevold, Gerald","contributorId":292879,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Askevold","given":"Gerald","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":846027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Plafker, George","contributorId":3920,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Plafker","given":"George","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":846028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
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