{"pageNumber":"1772","pageRowStart":"44275","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184660,"records":[{"id":9000632,"text":"ofr20101325A - 2011 - The effects of sediment and mercury mobilization in the South Yuba River and Humbug Creek confluence area, Nevada County, California:  Concentrations, speciation, and environmental fate – Part 1: Field characterization","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-11T20:43:44.201582","indexId":"ofr20101325A","displayToPublicDate":"2011-03-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1325","chapter":"A","title":"The effects of sediment and mercury mobilization in the South Yuba River and Humbug Creek confluence area, Nevada County, California:  Concentrations, speciation, and environmental fate – Part 1: Field characterization","docAbstract":"<p>Millions of pounds of mercury (Hg) were deposited in the river and stream channels of the Sierra Nevada from placer and hard-rock mining operations in the late 1800s and early 1900s. The resulting contaminated sediments are relatively harmless when buried and isolated from the overlying aquatic environment. The entrained Hg in the sediment constitutes a potential risk to human and ecosystem health should it be reintroduced to the actively cycling portion of the aquatic system, where it can become methylated and subsequently bioaccumulated in the food web. Each year, sediment is mobilized within these fluvial systems during high stormflows, transporting hundreds of tons of Hg-laden sediment downstream. The State of California and resource-management agencies, including the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and the U.S. Forest Service, are concerned about additional disturbances, such as from suction gold dredging activities, which have the potential to mobilize Hg associated with buried sediment layers elevated in Hg that are otherwise likely to remain buried under normal storm conditions.</p><p>The BLM initiated a study looking at the feasibility of removing Hg-contaminated sediment at the confluence of the South Yuba River and Humbug Creek in the northern Sierra Nevada of California by using standard suction-dredge technology. Additionally, the California State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) supported a comprehensive characterization of the intended dredge site. Together, the BLM and SWRCB supported a comprehensive characterization of Hg contamination at the site and the potential effects of sediment disturbance at locations with historical hydraulic mining debris on downstream environments. The comprehensive study consisted of two primary components: field studies and laboratory experiments. The field component, described in this report, had several study elements: 1) a preliminary, smallscale, in-stream dredge test; 2) comprehensive characterization of grain size distribution, Hg speciation, and mineralogy of bed and suspended sediment; 3) a determination of the past and current sources of sediment in the study area; 4) an assessment of Hg bioaccumulation in the local invertebrate population; and 5) a comparison of potential Hg transport caused by natural storm disturbances with potential Hg mobilization caused by suction dredging as a method of Hg removal at the study site. The laboratory component of the study assessed the potential influence of the disturbance of Hg-contaminated sediment through experiments designed to simulate in-stream transport, deposition, and potential methylation of Hg, described in a companion report (see Marvin-DiPasquale and others, 2011).</p><p>Results of the field studies indicate that the fine-grained fraction (silt-clay, less than 0.063 millimeters) contains the greatest concentration of Hg in contaminated sediment. Because the fine-grained fraction is the most susceptible to longrange fluvial transport, disturbance of Hg-contaminated sediment is likely to increase the concentration and load of Hg in downstream waters. The preliminary, small-scale dredge test showed an increase in the concentration of fine particles and Hg in the water column caused by the dredge activity, despite relatively low concentrations of fine particles and Hg (about 300 nanograms per gram) at the dredge site. Characterization of sediment from two test pits and other sites in the vicinity of the confluence of the South Yuba River and Humbug Creek revealed a highly variable distribution of fine- and coarse-grained sediment. The highest levels of Hg contamination (up to 11,100 ng/g) were associated with the fine-grained fraction of sediment from the bedrock contact zone of Pit 2, a horizon which also yielded grains of gold and gold-Hg amalgam.</p><p>A closed-circuit tank experiment with a venturi dredge at the base of Pit 1, in a gravel bar within the South Yuba River, resulted in fine-grained suspended sediment remaining in suspension more than 40 hours following the disturbance simulation. Although the volumetric concentration of Hg declined over time as particles settled out, the concentration of Hg on the suspended particles increased over time as the suspended material became finer grained, because Hg is preferentially adsorbed on to clay-sized particles. Mineralogical and chemical analyses indicated that the buried fine-grained material with the greatest Hg contamination was derived from hydraulic mining debris, which consist primarily of Eocene gravels mined in the Malakoff Diggins, North Bloomfield, and Lake City areas within the South Yuba River watershed. Coarse material and more recently deposited sediment were derived primarily from upstream sources on the South Yuba River.</p><p>The biota assessment indicated that invertebrate taxa collected from all sites on the South Yuba River in 2007, including lower Humbug Creek, had elevated concentrations of total mercury (THg) and methylmercury (MeHg) compared to a reference site on the Bear River, upstream of mining effects. Differences with the reference site were less pronounced in 2008 when a significant reduction in MeHg concentrations was observed in biota across all taxa from concentrations in 2007. It is possible that the inter-annual variation was related to the fact that suction dredging was active in the South Yuba River in 2007 but not in 2008 when a local moratorium was imposed by the BLM. There were significant variations among taxa for both THg and MeHg concentrations, with the water striders (Gerridae) having the highest concentrations of both THg and MeHg; variation among sites was not as strong as between years or among taxa. These results suggest that additional monitoring would be helpful to investigate the possible linkage between variations in MeHg bioaccumulation and levels of suction dredge activity in areas of historical gold mining.</p><p>Results from the field studies indicate that disturbance of the finegrained Hg-contaminated sediment would likely lead to enhanced mobilization of Hg to downstream environments; therefore, the use of suction dredging to remove Hg at the South Yuba River and Humbug Creek confluence area would likely result in enhanced Hg transport downstream relative to natural conditions.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101325A","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management and the California State Water Resources Control Board","usgsCitation":"Fleck, J., Alpers, C.N., Marvin-DiPasquale, M., Hothem, R.L., Wright, S., Ellett, K., Beaulieu, E., Agee, J.L., Kakouros, E., Kieu, L.H., Eberl, D.D., Blum, A.E., and May, J., 2011, The effects of sediment and mercury mobilization in the South Yuba River and Humbug Creek confluence area, Nevada County, California:  Concentrations, speciation, and environmental fate – Part 1: Field characterization: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1325, xii, 95 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101325A.","productDescription":"xii, 95 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2007-09-01","temporalEnd":"2009-06-01","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116965,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1325_a.jpg"},{"id":19223,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1325A/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":403436,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_94820.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Nevada County","otherGeospatial":"South Yuba River and Humbug Creek confluence area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -120.9414,\n              39.3344\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.9272,\n              39.3344\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.9272,\n              39.3383\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.9414,\n              39.3383\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.9414,\n              39.3344\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  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D.","contributorId":68388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eberl","given":"Dennis","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Blum, Alex E. aeblum@usgs.gov","contributorId":2845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blum","given":"Alex","email":"aeblum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":344413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"May, Jason T. 0000-0002-5699-2112","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5699-2112","contributorId":14791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"Jason T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}}
,{"id":9000633,"text":"ofr20101292 - 2011 - PQLX: A seismic data quality control system description, applications, and users manual","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:52","indexId":"ofr20101292","displayToPublicDate":"2011-03-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1292","title":"PQLX: A seismic data quality control system description, applications, and users manual","docAbstract":"We present a detailed description and users manual for a new tool to evaluate seismic station performance and characteristics by providing quick and easy transitions between visualizations of the frequency and time domains. The software is based on the probability density functions (PDF) of power spectral densities (PSD) (McNamara and Buland, 2004) and builds on the original development of the PDF stand-alone software system (McNamara and Boaz, 2005) and the seismological data viewer application PQL (IRIS-PASSCAL Quick Look) and PQLII (available through the IRIS PASSCAL program: http://www.passcal.nmt.edu/content/pql-ii-program-viewing-data). With PQLX (PQL eXtended), computed PSDs are stored in a MySQL database, allowing a user to access specific time periods of PSDs (PDF subsets) and time series segments through a GUI-driven interface. The power of the method and software lies in the fact that there is no need to screen the data for system transients, earthquakes, or general data artifacts, because they map into a background probability level. In fact, examination of artifacts related to station operation and episodic cultural noise allow us to estimate both the overall station quality and a baseline level of Earth noise at each site. The output of this analysis tool is useful for both operational and scientific applications. Operationally, it is useful for characterizing the current and past performance of existing broadband stations, for conducting tests on potential new seismic station locations, for evaluating station baseline noise levels (McNamara and others, 2009), for detecting problems with the recording system or sensors, and for evaluating the overall quality of data and metadata. Scientifically, the tool allows for mining of PSDs for investigations on the evolution of seismic noise (for example, Aster and others, 2008; and Aster and others, 2010) and other phenomena. Currently, PQLX is operational at several organizations including the USGS National Earthquake Information Center (NEIC), the USGS Albuquerque Seismological Laboratory (ASL), and the Incorporated Research Institutions in Seismology (IRIS) Data Management Center (DMC) for station monitoring and instrument response quality control. The PQLX system is available to the community at large through the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) (http://ehpm-earthquake.wr.usgs.gov/research/software/pqlx.php) and IRIS (http://www.iris.edu/software/pqlx). Also provided is a fully searchable website for bug reporting and enhancement requests (http://wush.net/bugzilla/PQLX). The first part of this document aims to describe and illustrate some of the features and capabilities of the software. The second part of this document is a detailed users manual that covers installation procedures, system requirements, operations, bug reporting, and software components (Appendix).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101292","usgsCitation":"McNamara, D.E., and Boaz, R.I., 2011, PQLX: A seismic data quality control system description, applications, and users manual: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1292, xi, 15; Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101292.","productDescription":"xi, 15; Appendix","numberOfPages":"41","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116966,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1292.png"},{"id":19224,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1292/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db689ef7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McNamara, Daniel E. 0000-0001-6860-0350 mcnamara@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6860-0350","contributorId":402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNamara","given":"Daniel","email":"mcnamara@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":344420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boaz, Richard I.","contributorId":51436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boaz","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":9000634,"text":"ofr20101293 - 2011 - Total dissolved gas and water temperature in the lower Columbia River, Oregon and Washington, water year 2010: Quality-assurance data and comparison to water-quality standards","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-05T18:11:43.42342","indexId":"ofr20101293","displayToPublicDate":"2011-03-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1293","title":"Total dissolved gas and water temperature in the lower Columbia River, Oregon and Washington, water year 2010: Quality-assurance data and comparison to water-quality standards","docAbstract":"<h1 class=\"p1\">Significant Findings&nbsp;</h1>\n<p>When water is released through the spillways of dams, air is entrained in the water, increasing the downstream concentration of dissolved gases. Excess dissolved-gas concentrations can have adverse effects on freshwater aquatic life. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, collected dissolved-gas and water-temperature data at eight monitoring stations on the lower Columbia River in Oregon and Washington in 2010. Significant findings from the data include:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>During the spill season of April through August 2010, hourly values of total dissolved gas (TDG) were occasionally larger than 115-percent saturation for the forebay stations (John Day navigation lock, The Dalles forebay, Bonneville forebay, and Camas). Hourly values of total dissolved gas were occasionally larger than 120-percent saturation for four tailwater stations (John Day Dam tailwater, The Dalles tailwater, Cascade Island, and Warrendale).</li>\n<li>From late July to late August or early September 2010, hourly water temperatures were greater than 20&deg;C (degrees Celsius) at the eight stations on the lower Columbia River. According to the State of Oregon temperature standard, the 7-day average maximum temperature of the lower Columbia River should not exceed 20&deg;C Washington regulations state that the 1-day maximum should not exceed 20&deg;C as a result of human activities.</li>\n<li>All 105 laboratory checks of the TDG sensors (without the membrane attached) with a certified pressure gage were within &plusmn; (plus or minus) 0.5 percent saturation after 3 to 4 weeks of deployment in the river.</li>\n<li>All but 1 of the 85 in situ field checks of TDG sensors with a secondary standard were within <span>&plusmn;</span>2.0-percent saturation after 3-4 weeks of deployment in the river. All 88 of the field checks of barometric pressure were within <span>&plusmn;</span>1 millimeter of mercury of a primary standard, and all 87 water-temperature field checks were within <span>&plusmn;</span>0.2<span>&deg;</span>C of a secondary standard.</li>\n<li>For the eight monitoring stations in water year 2010, a total of 99.7 percent of the TDG data were received in real time and were within 1-percent saturation of the expected value on the basis of calibration data, replicate quality-control measurements in the river, and comparison to ambient river conditions at adjacent stations. Data received from the individual stations ranged from 98.4 to 100.0 percent complete.</li>\n</ul>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101293","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Tanner, D.Q., Bragg, H., and Johnston, M.W., 2011, Total dissolved gas and water temperature in the lower Columbia River, Oregon and Washington, water year 2010: Quality-assurance data and comparison to water-quality standards: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1293, vi, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101293.","productDescription":"vi, 28 p.","numberOfPages":"28","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2009-10-01","temporalEnd":"2010-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science 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Q.","contributorId":93452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tanner","given":"Dwight","email":"","middleInitial":"Q.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bragg, Heather M. hmbragg@usgs.gov","contributorId":428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bragg","given":"Heather M.","email":"hmbragg@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":344422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnston, Matthew W. mattj@usgs.gov","contributorId":3066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"Matthew","email":"mattj@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":344423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":99088,"text":"fs20113016 - 2011 - Zinc-The key to preventing corrosion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:50","indexId":"fs20113016","displayToPublicDate":"2011-03-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-3016","title":"Zinc-The key to preventing corrosion","docAbstract":"Centuries before it was identified as an element, zinc was used to make brass (an alloy of zinc and copper) and for medicinal purposes. Metallic zinc and zinc oxide were produced in India sometime between the 11th and 14th centuries and in China in the 17th century, although the discovery of pure metallic zinc is credited to the German chemist Andreas Marggraf, who isolated the element in 1746. \r\n\r\nRefined zinc metal is bluish-white when freshly cast; it is hard and brittle at most temperatures and has relatively low melting and boiling points. Zinc alloys readily with other metals and is chemically active. On exposure to air, it develops a thin gray oxide film (patina), which inhibits deeper oxidation (corrosion) of the metal. The metal's resistance to corrosion is an important characteristic in its use.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20113016","usgsCitation":"Kropschot, S., and Doebrich, J.L., 2011, Zinc-The key to preventing corrosion: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2011-3016, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20113016.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":388,"text":"Mineral Resources Program Coordinator","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116961,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2011_3016.bmp"},{"id":14537,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2011/3016/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4784e4b07f02db483c7c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kropschot, S.J.","contributorId":8456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kropschot","given":"S.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Doebrich, Jeff L. 0009-0009-3427-0985 jdoebric@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3427-0985","contributorId":288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doebrich","given":"Jeff","email":"jdoebric@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":99091,"text":"sir20105251 - 2011 - Effects of groundwater flow on the distribution of biogenic gas in parts of the northern Great Plains of Canada and United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:57","indexId":"sir20105251","displayToPublicDate":"2011-03-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5251","title":"Effects of groundwater flow on the distribution of biogenic gas in parts of the northern Great Plains of Canada and United States","docAbstract":"Parts of the northern Great Plains in eastern Montana and western North Dakota and southeastern Alberta and southwestern Saskatchewan, Canada, were studied as part of an assessment of shallow biogenic gas in Upper Cretaceous rocks.Parts of the northern Great Plains in eastern Montana and western North Dakota and southeastern Alberta and southwestern Saskatchewan, Canada, were studied as part of an assessment of shallow biogenic gas in Upper Cretaceous rocks. Large quantities of shallow biogenic gas are produced from low-permeability, Upper Cretaceous reservoirs in southeastern Alberta and southwestern Saskatchewan, Canada. Rocks of similar types and age produce sparingly in the United States except on large structures, such as Bowdoin dome and Cedar Creek anticline. Significant production also occurs in the Tiger Ridge area, where uplift of the Bearpaw Mountains created stratigraphic traps. The resource in Canada is thought to be a continuous, biogenic-gas-type accumulation with economic production in a variety of subtle structures and stratigraphic settings. The United States northern Great Plains area has similar conditions but only broad structural closures or stratigraphic traps associated with local structure have produced economically to date. Numerical flow modeling was used to help determine that biogenic gas in low-permeability reservoirs is held in place by high hydraulic head that overrides buoyancy forces of the gas. Modeling also showed where hydraulic head is greater under Tertiary capped topographic remnants rather than near adjacent topographic lows. The high head can override the capillary pressure of the rock and force gas to migrate to low head in topographically low areas. Most current biogenic gas production is confined to areas between mapped lineaments in the northern Great Plains. The lineaments may reflect structural zones in the Upper Cretaceous that help compartmentalize reservoirs and confine gas accumulations. \r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20105251","usgsCitation":"Anna, L.O., 2011, Effects of groundwater flow on the distribution of biogenic gas in parts of the northern Great Plains of Canada and United States: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5251, iv, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105251.","productDescription":"iv, 24 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116259,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5251.png"},{"id":14540,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5251/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114,47 ], [ -114,51.5 ], [ -104,51.5 ], [ -104,47 ], [ -114,47 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4affe4b07f02db697dc0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anna, Lawrence O.","contributorId":107318,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anna","given":"Lawrence","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":99089,"text":"cir1369 - 2011 - Geology for a changing world 2010-2020-Implementing the U.S. Geological Survey science strategy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-25T09:32:59","indexId":"cir1369","displayToPublicDate":"2011-03-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1369","title":"Geology for a changing world 2010-2020-Implementing the U.S. Geological Survey science strategy","docAbstract":"This report describes a science strategy for the geologic activities of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) for the years 2010-2020. It presents six goals with accompanying strategic actions and products that implement the science directions of USGS Circular 1309, 'Facing Tomorrow's Challenges-U.S. Geological Survey Science in the Decade 2007-2017.' These six goals focus on providing the geologic underpinning needed to wisely use our natural resources, understand and mitigate hazards and environmental change, and understand the relationship between humans and the environment. The goals emphasize the critical role of the USGS in providing long-term research, monitoring, and assessments for the Nation and the world. Further, they describe measures that must be undertaken to ensure geologic expertise and knowledge for the future. \r\n\r\nThe natural science issues facing today's world are complex and cut across many scientific disciplines. The Earth is a system in which atmosphere, oceans, land, and life are all connected. Rocks and soils contain the answers to important questions about the origin of energy and mineral resources, the evolution of life, climate change, natural hazards, ecosystem structures and functions, and the movements of nutrients and toxicants. The science of geology has the power to help us understand the processes that link the physical and biological world so that we can model and forecast changes in the system.\r\n\r\nEnsuring the success of this strategy will require integration of geological knowledge with the other natural sciences and extensive collaboration across USGS science centers and with partners in Federal, State, and local agencies, academia, industry, nongovernmental organizations and, most importantly, the American public. The first four goals of this report describe the scientific issues facing society in the next 10 years and the actions and products needed to respond to these issues. The final two goals focus on the expertise and infrastructure needed to ensure the long-term sustainability of the geological sciences in the USGS. \r\n\r\nThe ultimate goal of USGS science and of the strategy laid out in this document is to contribute to the development of a sustainable society that operates in harmony with the Earth systems that society depends upon. As we begin the second decade of the 21st century, our Nation faces growing challenges in resource availability, climate and environmental change, and natural hazards. Meeting these challenges will require strong collaboration across the natural and social sciences and extensive partnerships with both the public and private sectors. The six goals described in this document represent a mix of scientific focus areas and operational necessities that together provide a comprehensive roadmap for USGS geologic science to effectively contribute to the USGS mission, providing science for a changing world.\r\n","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/cir1369","usgsCitation":"Gundersen, L., Belnap, J., Goldhaber, M., Goldstein, A., Haeussler, P.J., Ingebritsen, S.E., Jones, J., Plumlee, G.S., Thieler, E.R., Thompson, R.S., and Back, J.M., 2011, Geology for a changing world 2010-2020-Implementing the U.S. Geological Survey science strategy: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1369, vi, 60 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1369.","productDescription":"vi, 60 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2010-01-01","temporalEnd":"2020-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":501,"text":"Office of Science Quality and Integrity","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116960,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/cir_1369.gif"},{"id":14538,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/circ1369/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b28e4b07f02db6b12d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gundersen, Linda C.S.","contributorId":90025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gundersen","given":"Linda C.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Belnap, Jayne 0000-0001-7471-2279 jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7471-2279","contributorId":1332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belnap","given":"Jayne","email":"jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goldhaber, Martin","contributorId":99684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldhaber","given":"Martin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Goldstein, Arthur","contributorId":74493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldstein","given":"Arthur","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247 pheuslr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter","email":"pheuslr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ingebritsen, S. E.","contributorId":8078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingebritsen","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jones, John W. 0000-0001-6117-3691 jwjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6117-3691","contributorId":2220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"John","email":"jwjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":37786,"text":"WMA - Observing Systems Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Plumlee, Geoffrey S. 0000-0002-9607-5626 gplumlee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9607-5626","contributorId":960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plumlee","given":"Geoffrey","email":"gplumlee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Thieler, E. Robert 0000-0003-4311-9717 rthieler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4311-9717","contributorId":2488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thieler","given":"E.","email":"rthieler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Robert","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Thompson, Robert S. 0000-0001-9287-2954 rthompson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9287-2954","contributorId":891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Robert","email":"rthompson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Back, Judith M.","contributorId":30339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Back","given":"Judith","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":99090,"text":"sir20105221 - 2011 - Simulation of streamflow in the Pleasant, Narraguagus, Sheepscot, and Royal Rivers, Maine, using watershed models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:39","indexId":"sir20105221","displayToPublicDate":"2011-03-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5221","title":"Simulation of streamflow in the Pleasant, Narraguagus, Sheepscot, and Royal Rivers, Maine, using watershed models","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began a study in 2008 to investigate anticipated changes in summer streamflows and stream temperatures in four coastal Maine river basins and the potential effects of those changes on populations of endangered Atlantic salmon. To achieve this purpose, it was necessary to characterize the quantity and timing of streamflow in these rivers by developing and evaluating a distributed-parameter watershed model for a part of each river basin by using the USGS Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (PRMS). The GIS (geographic information system) Weasel, a USGS software application, was used to delineate the four study basins and their many subbasins, and to derive parameters for their geographic features. The models were calibrated using a four-step optimization procedure in which model output was evaluated against four datasets for calibrating solar radiation, potential evapotranspiration, annual and seasonal water balances, and daily streamflows. The calibration procedure involved thousands of model runs that used the USGS software application Luca (Let us calibrate). Luca uses the Shuffled Complex Evolution (SCE) global search algorithm to calibrate the model parameters. The calibrated watershed models performed satisfactorily, in that Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) statistic values for the calibration periods ranged from 0.59 to 0.75 (on a scale of negative infinity to 1) and NSE statistic values for the evaluation periods ranged from 0.55 to 0.73. The calibrated watershed models simulate daily streamflow at many locations in each study basin. These models enable natural resources managers to characterize the timing and amount of streamflow in order to support a variety of water-resources efforts including water-quality calculations, assessments of water use, modeling of population dynamics and migration of Atlantic salmon, modeling and assessment of habitat, and simulation of anticipated changes to streamflow and water temperature resulting from changes forecast for air temperature and precipitation.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20105221","usgsCitation":"Dudley, R.W., and Nielsen, M.G., 2011, Simulation of streamflow in the Pleasant, Narraguagus, Sheepscot, and Royal Rivers, Maine, using watershed models: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5221, vi, 31 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105221.","productDescription":"vi, 31 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116262,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5221.gif"},{"id":14539,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5221/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -71,43 ], [ -71,46 ], [ -67,46 ], [ -67,43 ], [ -71,43 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f7e4b07f02db5f1fb1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dudley, Robert W. 0000-0002-0934-0568 rwdudley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0934-0568","contributorId":2223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dudley","given":"Robert","email":"rwdudley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nielsen, Martha G. 0000-0003-3038-9400 mnielsen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3038-9400","contributorId":4169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nielsen","given":"Martha","email":"mnielsen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":9000631,"text":"ofr20101251 - 2011 - Moderate-resolution sea surface temperature data for the nearshore North Pacific","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-07T13:24:50.948811","indexId":"ofr20101251","displayToPublicDate":"2011-03-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1251","title":"Moderate-resolution sea surface temperature data for the nearshore North Pacific","docAbstract":"Coastal sea surface temperature (SST) is an important environmental characteristic in determining the suitability of habitat for nearshore marine and estuarine organisms. This publication describes and provides access to an easy-to-use coastal SST dataset for ecologists, biogeographers, oceanographers, and other scientists conducting research on nearshore marine habitats or processes. The data cover the Temperate Northern Pacific Ocean as defined by the 'Marine Ecosystems of the World' (MEOW) biogeographic schema developed by The Nature Conservancy. The spatial resolution of the SST data is 4-km grid cells within 20 km of the shore. The data span a 29-year period - from September 1981 to December 2009. These SST data were derived from Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) instrument measurements compiled into monthly means as part of the Pathfinder versions 5.0 and 5.1 (PFSST V50 and V51) Project. The processing methods used to transform the data from their native Hierarchical Data Format Scientific Data Set (HDF SDS) to georeferenced, spatial datasets capable of being read into geographic information systems (GIS) software are explained. In addition, links are provided to examples of scripts involved in the data processing steps. The scripts were written in the Python programming language, which is supported by ESRI's ArcGIS version 9 or later. The processed data files are also provided in text (.csv) and Access 2003 Database (.mdb) formats. All data except the raster files include attributes identifying realm, province, and ecoregion as defined by the MEOW classification schema.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101251","usgsCitation":"Payne, M.C., Reusser, D.A., Lee, H., and Brown, C.A., 2011, Moderate-resolution sea surface temperature data for the nearshore North Pacific: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1251, Report: iv, 16 p.; Dataset, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101251.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 16 p.; Dataset","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":19222,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1251/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":485457,"rank":4,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/57ec36d7e4b090825010b8a7","linkHelpText":"- Data Catalog for Moderate-Resolution Sea Surface Temperature Data for the Nearshore North Pacific (1981-2009)"},{"id":116964,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1251.png"},{"id":485458,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1251/images/OFR2010-1251.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"Canada, China, Japan, Korea, Mexico, Russia, United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              179.9,\n              70\n            ],\n            [\n              118,\n              70\n            ],\n            [\n              118,\n              20\n            ],\n            [\n              179.9,\n              20\n            ],\n            [\n              179.9,\n              70\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -179.9,\n              70\n            ],\n            [\n              -179.9,\n              20\n            ],\n            [\n              -105,\n              20\n            ],\n            [\n              -105,\n              70\n            ],\n            [\n              -179.9,\n              70\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db6996d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Payne, Meredith C.","contributorId":102993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Payne","given":"Meredith","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reusser, Deborah A. dreusser@usgs.gov","contributorId":2423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reusser","given":"Deborah","email":"dreusser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":344403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lee, Henry II","contributorId":40334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Henry","suffix":"II","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brown, Cheryl A.","contributorId":69284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Cheryl","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70036993,"text":"70036993 - 2011 - Resolving structural uncertainty in natural resources management using POMDP approaches","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-15T20:12:32.28782","indexId":"70036993","displayToPublicDate":"2011-03-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1458,"text":"Ecological Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Resolving structural uncertainty in natural resources management using POMDP approaches","docAbstract":"<p><span>In recent years there has been a growing focus on the uncertainties of natural resources management, and the importance of accounting for uncertainty in assessing management effectiveness. This paper focuses on uncertainty in resource management in terms of discrete-state Markov decision processes (MDP) under structural uncertainty and partial observability. It describes the treatment of structural uncertainty with approaches developed for partially observable resource systems. In particular, I show how value iteration for partially observable MDPs (POMDP) can be extended to structurally uncertain MDPs. A key difference between these process classes is that structurally uncertain MDPs require the tracking of system state as well as a probability structure for the structure uncertainty, whereas with POMDPs require only a probability structure for the observation uncertainty. The added complexity of the optimization problem under structural uncertainty is compensated by reduced dimensionality in the search for optimal strategy. A solution algorithm for structurally uncertain processes is outlined for a simple example in conservation biology. By building on the conceptual framework developed for POMDPs, natural resource analysts and decision makers who confront structural uncertainties in natural resources can take advantage of the rapid growth in POMDP methods and approaches, and thereby produce better conservation strategies over a larger class of resource problems.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2010.12.015","issn":"03043800","usgsCitation":"Williams, B.K., 2011, Resolving structural uncertainty in natural resources management using POMDP approaches: Ecological Modelling, v. 222, no. 5, p. 1092-1102, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2010.12.015.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1092","endPage":"1102","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":381390,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"222","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa9dce4b0c8380cd85ffa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, B. Kenneth","contributorId":107798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"Kenneth","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":99083,"text":"tm6A36 - 2011 - Documentation for the State Variables Package for the Groundwater-Management Process of MODFLOW-2005 (GWM-2005)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:51","indexId":"tm6A36","displayToPublicDate":"2011-03-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"6-A36","title":"Documentation for the State Variables Package for the Groundwater-Management Process of MODFLOW-2005 (GWM-2005)","docAbstract":"Many groundwater-management problems are concerned with the control of one or more variables that reflect the state of a groundwater-flow system or a coupled groundwater/surface-water system. These system state variables include the distribution of heads within an aquifer, streamflow rates within a hydraulically connected stream, and flow rates into or out of aquifer storage. This report documents the new State Variables Package for the Groundwater-Management Process of MODFLOW-2005 (GWM-2005). The new package provides a means to explicitly represent heads, streamflows, and changes in aquifer storage as state variables in a GWM-2005 simulation. The availability of these state variables makes it possible to include system state in the objective function and enhances existing capabilities for constructing constraint sets for a groundwater-management formulation. The new package can be used to address groundwater-management problems such as the determination of withdrawal strategies that meet water-supply demands while simultaneously maximizing heads or streamflows, or minimizing changes in aquifer storage. Four sample problems are provided to demonstrate use of the new package for typical groundwater-management applications.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tm6A36","usgsCitation":"Ahlfeld, D.P., Barlow, P.M., and Baker, K.M., 2011, Documentation for the State Variables Package for the Groundwater-Management Process of MODFLOW-2005 (GWM-2005): U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 6-A36, vii, 45 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm6A36.","productDescription":"vii, 45 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":494,"text":"Office of Groundwater","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116254,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/tm_6_A36.gif"},{"id":14532,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm6-a36/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6be4b07f02db63d762","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ahlfeld, David P.","contributorId":49464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ahlfeld","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barlow, Paul M. 0000-0003-4247-6456 pbarlow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4247-6456","contributorId":1200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barlow","given":"Paul","email":"pbarlow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baker, Kristine M.","contributorId":21250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"Kristine","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":99084,"text":"sir20105242 - 2011 - 2007 Volcanic activity in Alaska, Kamchatka, and the Kurile Islands: Summary of events and response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-05T21:50:39.652788","indexId":"sir20105242","displayToPublicDate":"2011-03-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5242","title":"2007 Volcanic activity in Alaska, Kamchatka, and the Kurile Islands: Summary of events and response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory","docAbstract":"The Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO) responded to eruptions, possible eruptions, and volcanic unrest at or near nine separate volcanic centers in Alaska during 2007. The year was highlighted by the eruption of Pavlof, one of Alaska's most frequently active volcanoes. Glaciated Fourpeaked Mountain, a volcano thought to have been inactive in the Holocene, produced a phreatic eruption in the autumn of 2006 and continued to emit copious amounts of steam and volcanic gas into 2007. Redoubt Volcano showed the first signs of the unrest that would unfold in 2008-09. AVO staff also participated in hazard communication and monitoring of multiple eruptions at seven volcanoes in Russia as part of its collaborative role in the Kamchatka and Sakhalin Volcanic Eruption Response Teams.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20105242","collaboration":"The Alaska Volcano Observatory is a cooperative program of the U.S. Geological Survey, University of Alaska Fairbanks Geophysical Institute, and the Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys. The Alaska Volcano Observatory is funded by the U.S. Geological Survey Volcano Hazards Program and the State of Alaska","usgsCitation":"McGimsey, R.G., Neal, C., Dixon, J.P., Malik, N., and Chibisova, M., 2011, 2007 Volcanic activity in Alaska, Kamchatka, and the Kurile Islands: Summary of events and response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5242, viii, 110 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105242.","productDescription":"viii, 110 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2007-01-01","temporalEnd":"2007-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116256,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5242.jpg"},{"id":415308,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_95043.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":14533,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5242/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"Russia, United States","state":"Alaska, Kamchatka","otherGeospatial":"Kurile Islands","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -179.9,\n              51.2278\n            ],\n            [\n              -141,\n              51.2278\n            ],\n            [\n              -141,\n              62.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -179.9,\n              62.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -179.9,\n              51.2278\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              179.9,\n              62.5\n            ],\n            [\n              155,\n              62.5\n            ],\n            [\n              155,\n              50\n            ],\n            [\n              179.9,\n              50\n            ],\n            [\n              179.9,\n              62.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd491fe4b0b290850eee95","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGimsey, Robert G. 0000-0001-5379-7779 mcgimsey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5379-7779","contributorId":2352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGimsey","given":"Robert","email":"mcgimsey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Neal, Christina A. 0000-0002-7697-7825","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7697-7825","contributorId":82660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neal","given":"Christina A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dixon, James P. 0000-0002-8478-9971 jpdixon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8478-9971","contributorId":3163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dixon","given":"James","email":"jpdixon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Malik, Nataliya","contributorId":90447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malik","given":"Nataliya","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chibisova, Marina","contributorId":35016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chibisova","given":"Marina","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":9000629,"text":"ofr20101177 - 2011 - Removal of nonnative slider turtles (Trachemys scripta) and effects on native Sonora mud turtles (Kinosternon sonoriense) at Montezuma Well, Yavapai County, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-23T09:48:11","indexId":"ofr20101177","displayToPublicDate":"2011-03-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1177","title":"Removal of nonnative slider turtles (Trachemys scripta) and effects on native Sonora mud turtles (Kinosternon sonoriense) at Montezuma Well, Yavapai County, Arizona","docAbstract":"<p>The National Park Service (NPS) estimates that 234 national parks contain nonnative, invasive animal species that are of management concern (National Park Service, 2004). Understanding and controlling invasive species is thus an important priority within the NPS (National Park Service, 1996). The slider turtle (Trachemys scripta) is one such invasive species. Native to the Southeastern United States (Ernst and Lovich, 2009), as well as Mexico, Central America, and portions of South America (Ernst and Barbour, 1989), the slider turtle has become established throughout the continental United States and in other locations around the world (Burke and others, 2000). Slider turtle introductions have been suspected to be a threat to native turtles (Holland 1994; da Silva and Blasco, 1995), however, there has not been serious study of their effects until recently. Cadi and Joly (2003) found that slider turtles outcompeted European pond turtles (Emys orbicularis) for preferred basking sites under controlled experimental conditions, demonstrating for the first time direct competition for resources between a native and an exotic turtle species. Similarly, Spinks and others (2003) suggested that competition for basking sites between slider turtles and Pacific pond turtles (Actinemys marmorata) was partly responsible for the decline of Pacific pond turtles observed at their study site in California. They concluded that the impact of introduced slider turtles was 'almost certainly negative' for the western pond turtle. In the most recent critical study to assess the effects of introduced slider turtles on native turtles, Cadi and Joly (2004) demonstrated that European pond turtles that were kept under experimentally controlled conditions with slider turtles lost body weight and exhibited higher rates of mortality than in control groups of turtles comprised of the same species, demonstrating potential population-level effects on native species. Slider turtles are not native to Arizona but have been introduced in several areas in the southern and central part of the State, including Montezuma Well (the Well). The only native turtle at the Well is the Sonora mud turtle (Kinosternon sonoriense). Interactions between sliders and mud turtles have not been investigated at the Well or elsewhere. However, basking sites preferred by aquatic turtles are rare at the Well, suggesting one potential avenue for resource competition between sliders and Sonora mud turtles. In this study, we collected data on both species to evaluate the possible effects of slider turtles on Sonora mud turtles at Montezuma Well. During live trapping in the spring, summer, and early fall of 2007 and 2008, we removed slider turtles that we captured in the Well. We also collected ecological data on the mud turtles captured in the trapping effort. Separate behavioral observations of the turtles in the Well provided additional information on the ecology of the two species in the unusual environment of the Well, and also of interactions between the sliders and mud turtles. In this report, we describe the results of 2 yr of study of the turtles of Montezuma Well. We incorporate older data on the mud turtles in the Well to assess long-term population trends and potential response to the introduced slider turtles. We also report on aspects of basic ecology for the poorly understood Sonora mud turtle. The National Park Service requested that we incorporate public outreach as part of this research effort, so we also describe the outreach efforts associated with the turtle study.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101177","collaboration":"In cooperation with National Park Service, Montezuma Castle National Monument ","usgsCitation":"Drost, C.A., Lovich, J.E., Madrak, S.V., and Monatesti, A., 2011, Removal of nonnative slider turtles (Trachemys scripta) and effects on native Sonora mud turtles (Kinosternon sonoriense) at Montezuma Well, Yavapai County, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1177, vi, 41 p.; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101177.","productDescription":"vi, 41 p.; Appendices","numberOfPages":"48","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116963,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1177.gif"},{"id":321482,"rank":201,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1177/of2010-1177.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":19221,"rank":200,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1177/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.83333333333333,34.666666666666664 ], [ -111.83333333333333,34.75 ], [ -111.75,34.75 ], [ -111.75,34.666666666666664 ], [ -111.83333333333333,34.666666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a5fe4b07f02db6342a9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drost, Charles A. 0000-0002-4792-7095 charles_drost@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4792-7095","contributorId":3151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drost","given":"Charles","email":"charles_drost@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":344400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lovich, Jeffrey E. 0000-0002-7789-2831 jeffrey_lovich@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7789-2831","contributorId":458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovich","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jeffrey_lovich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":344399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Madrak, Sheila V.","contributorId":7403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madrak","given":"Sheila","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Monatesti, A.J.","contributorId":98026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monatesti","given":"A.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":99085,"text":"sir20105261 - 2011 - Water budgets and groundwater volumes for abandoned underground mines in the Western Middle Anthracite Coalfield, Schuylkill, Columbia, and Northumberland Counties, Pennsylvania: Preliminary estimates with identification of data needs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-14T22:39:01.124677","indexId":"sir20105261","displayToPublicDate":"2011-03-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5261","title":"Water budgets and groundwater volumes for abandoned underground mines in the Western Middle Anthracite Coalfield, Schuylkill, Columbia, and Northumberland Counties, Pennsylvania: Preliminary estimates with identification of data needs","docAbstract":"This report, prepared in cooperation with the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (PaDEP), the Eastern Pennsylvania Coalition for Abandoned Mine Reclamation, and the Dauphin County Conservation District, provides estimates of water budgets and groundwater volumes stored in abandoned underground mines in the Western Middle Anthracite Coalfield, which encompasses an area of 120 square miles in eastern Pennsylvania. The estimates are based on preliminary simulations using a groundwater-flow model and an associated geographic information system that integrates data on the mining features, hydrogeology, and streamflow in the study area. The Mahanoy and Shamokin Creek Basins were the focus of the study because these basins exhibit extensive hydrologic effects and water-quality degradation from the abandoned mines in their headwaters in the Western Middle Anthracite Coalfield. Proposed groundwater withdrawals from the flooded parts of the mines and stream-channel modifications in selected areas have the potential for altering the distribution of groundwater and the interaction between the groundwater and streams in the area.\r\nPreliminary three-dimensional, steady-state simulations of groundwater flow by the use of MODFLOW are presented to summarize information on the exchange of groundwater among adjacent mines and to help guide the management of ongoing data collection, reclamation activities, and water-use planning. The conceptual model includes high-permeability mine voids that are connected vertically and horizontally within multicolliery units (MCUs). MCUs were identified on the basis of mine maps, locations of mine discharges, and groundwater levels in the mines measured by PaDEP. The locations and integrity of mine barriers were determined from mine maps and groundwater levels. The permeability of intact barriers is low, reflecting the hydraulic characteristics of unmined host rock and coal.\r\nA steady-state model was calibrated to measured groundwater levels and stream base flow, the latter at many locations composed primarily of discharge from mines. Automatic parameter estimation used MODFLOW-2000 with manual adjustments to constrain parameter values to realistic ranges. The calibrated model supports the conceptual model of high-permeability MCUs separated by low-permeability barriers and streamflow losses and gains associated with mine infiltration and discharge. The simulated groundwater levels illustrate low groundwater gradients within an MCU and abrupt changes in water levels between MCUs. The preliminary model results indicate that the primary result of increased pumping from the mine would be reduced discharge from the mine to streams near the pumping wells. The intact barriers limit the spatial extent of mine dewatering. Considering the simulated groundwater levels, depth of mining, and assumed bulk porosity of 11 or 40 percent for the mined seams, the water volume in storage in the mines of the Western Middle Anthracite Coalfield was estimated to range from 60 to 220 billion gallons, respectively.\r\nDetails of the groundwater-level distribution and the rates of some mine discharges are not simulated well using the preliminary model. Use of the model results should be limited to evaluation of the conceptual model and its simulation using porous-media flow methods, overall water budgets for the Western Middle Anthracite Coalfield, and approximate storage volumes. Model results should not be considered accurate for detailed simulation of flow within a single MCU or individual flooded mine. Although improvements in the model calibration were possible by introducing spatial variability in permeability parameters and adjusting barrier properties, more detailed parameterizations have increased uncertainty because of the limited data set.\r\nThe preliminary identification of data needs includes continuous streamflow, mine discharge rate, and groundwater levels in the mines and adjacent areas. Data collected whe","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20105261","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, Eastern Pennsylvania Coalition for Abandoned Mine Reclamation, and Dauphin County Conservation District","usgsCitation":"Goode, D., Cravotta, C.A., Hornberger, R.J., Hewitt, M.A., Hughes, R.E., Koury, D.J., and Eicholtz, L., 2011, Water budgets and groundwater volumes for abandoned underground mines in the Western Middle Anthracite Coalfield, Schuylkill, Columbia, and Northumberland Counties, Pennsylvania: Preliminary estimates with identification of data needs: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5261, vii, 54 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105261.","productDescription":"vii, 54 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116258,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5261.png"},{"id":410516,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_95039.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":14534,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5261/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Columbia County, Northumberland County, Schuylkill County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -76.8333,\n              40.7042\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.8333,\n              40.8653\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.0431,\n              40.8653\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.0431,\n              40.7042\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.8333,\n              40.7042\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa305","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goode, Daniel J. 0000-0002-8527-2456 djgoode@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8527-2456","contributorId":2433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goode","given":"Daniel J.","email":"djgoode@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":307505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cravotta, Charles A. III, 0000-0003-3116-4684 cravotta@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3116-4684","contributorId":2193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cravotta","given":"Charles","suffix":"III,","email":"cravotta@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":307504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hornberger, Roger J.","contributorId":38697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hornberger","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hewitt, Michael A.","contributorId":63933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hewitt","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hughes, Robert E.","contributorId":83247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hughes","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Koury, Daniel J.","contributorId":78067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koury","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Eicholtz, Lee W. eicholtz@usgs.gov","contributorId":3928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eicholtz","given":"Lee W.","email":"eicholtz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":9000628,"text":"fs20113030 - 2011 - Avian conservation in the Prairie Pothole Region, Northern Great Plains-Understanding the links between climate, ecosystem processes, wetland management, and bird communities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:50","indexId":"fs20113030","displayToPublicDate":"2011-03-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-3030","title":"Avian conservation in the Prairie Pothole Region, Northern Great Plains-Understanding the links between climate, ecosystem processes, wetland management, and bird communities","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20113030","usgsCitation":"Skagen, S., and Melcher, C., 2011, Avian conservation in the Prairie Pothole Region, Northern Great Plains-Understanding the links between climate, ecosystem processes, wetland management, and bird communities: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2011-3030, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20113030.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116261,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2011_3030.png"},{"id":14541,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2011/3030/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64af51","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Skagen, S. K. 0000-0002-6744-1244","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6744-1244","contributorId":31348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skagen","given":"S. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Melcher, Cynthia","contributorId":101593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melcher","given":"Cynthia","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":99087,"text":"ds554 - 2011 - Rainfall and evapotranspiration data for southwest Medina County, Texas, August 2006-December 2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-11T15:57:11","indexId":"ds554","displayToPublicDate":"2011-03-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"554","title":"Rainfall and evapotranspiration data for southwest Medina County, Texas, August 2006-December 2009","docAbstract":"<p>During August 2006-December 2009, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Fort Worth District, collected rainfall and evapotranspiration data to help characterize the hydrology of the Nueces River Basin, Texas. The USGS installed and operated a station to collect continuous (30-minute interval) rainfall and evapotranspiration data in southwest Medina County approximately 14 miles southwest of D'Hanis, Texas, and 23 miles northwest of Pearsall, Texas. Rainfall data were collected by using an 8-inch tipping bucket raingage. Meteorological and surface-energy flux data used to calculate evapotranspiration were collected by using an extended Open Path Eddy Covariance system from Campbell Scientific, Inc. Data recorded by the system were used to calculate evapotranspiration by using the eddy covariance and Bowen ratio closure methods and to analyze the surface energy budget closure. During August 2006-December 2009 (excluding days of missing record), measured rainfall totaled 86.85 inches. In 2007, 2008, and 2009, annual rainfall totaled 40.98, 12.35, and 27.15 inches, respectively. The largest monthly rainfall total, 12.30 inches, occurred in July 2007. During August 2006-December 2009, evapotranspiration calculated by using the eddy covariance method totaled 69.91 inches. Annual evapotranspiration calculated by using the eddy covariance method totaled 34.62 inches in 2007, 15.24 inches in 2008, and 15.57 inches in 2009. During August 2006-December 2009, evapotranspiration calculated by using the Bowen ratio closure method (the more refined of the two datasets) totaled 68.33 inches. Annual evapotranspiration calculated by using the Bowen ratio closure method totaled 32.49, 15.54, and 15.80 inches in 2007, 2008, and 2009, respectively (excluding days of missing record).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, Virginia","doi":"10.3133/ds554","collaboration":"In cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Fort Worth District","usgsCitation":"Slattery, R.N., Asquith, W.H., and Ockerman, D.J., 2011, Rainfall and evapotranspiration data for southwest Medina County, Texas, August 2006-December 2009: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 554, viii, 28 p.; Download Files: Appendix 1.1; Appendix 1.2; Appendix 1.3; Appendix 1.4, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds554.","productDescription":"viii, 28 p.; Download Files: Appendix 1.1; Appendix 1.2; Appendix 1.3; Appendix 1.4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2006-08-01","temporalEnd":"2009-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116251,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_554.png"},{"id":14536,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/554/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -99.5,28.916666666666668 ], [ -99.5,29.416666666666668 ], [ -99,29.416666666666668 ], [ -99,28.916666666666668 ], [ -99.5,28.916666666666668 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db64984b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Slattery, Richard N. 0000-0002-9141-9776 rnslatte@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9141-9776","contributorId":2471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slattery","given":"Richard","email":"rnslatte@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Asquith, William H. 0000-0002-7400-1861 wasquith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7400-1861","contributorId":1007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asquith","given":"William","email":"wasquith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ockerman, Darwin J. 0000-0003-1958-1688 ockerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1958-1688","contributorId":1579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ockerman","given":"Darwin","email":"ockerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":99086,"text":"fs20113018 - 2011 - Chloride control and monitoring program in the Wichita River Basin, Texas, 1996–2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-16T19:31:32.841928","indexId":"fs20113018","displayToPublicDate":"2011-03-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-3018","title":"Chloride control and monitoring program in the Wichita River Basin, Texas, 1996–2009","docAbstract":"<p>Water resources of the Wichita River Basin in north-central Texas are vital to the water users in Wichita Falls, Tex., and surrounding areas. The Wichita River Basin includes three major forks of the Wichita River upstream from Lake Kemp, approximately 50 miles southwest of Wichita Falls, Tex. The main stem of the Wichita River is formed by the confluence of the North Wichita River and Middle Fork Wichita River upstream from Truscott Brine Lake. The confluence of the South Wichita River with the Wichita River is northwest of Seymour, Tex. (fig. 1). Waters from the Wichita River Basin, which is part of the Red River Basin, are characterized by high concentrations of chloride and other salinity-related constituents from salt springs and seeps (hereinafter salt springs) in the upper reaches of the basin. These salt springs have their origins in the Permian Period when the Texas Panhandle and western Oklahoma areas were covered by a broad shallow sea. Over geologic time, evaporation of the shallow seas resulted in the formation of salt deposits, which today are part of the geologic formations underlying the area. Groundwater in these formations is characterized by high chloride concentrations from these salt deposits, and some of this groundwater is discharged by the salt springs into the Wichita River.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, Virginia","doi":"10.3133/fs20113018","usgsCitation":"Haynie, M.M., Burke, G.F., and Baldys, S., 2011, Chloride control and monitoring program in the Wichita River Basin, Texas, 1996–2009: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2011-3018, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20113018.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1996-01-01","temporalEnd":"2009-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116250,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2011_3018.gif"},{"id":391755,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_95034.htm"},{"id":14535,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2011/3018/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Wichita River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -100.5,33.5 ], [ -100.5,34.1667 ], [ -98.25,34.1667 ], [ -98.25,33.5 ], [ -100.5,33.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac5e4b07f02db67a15d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haynie, M. M.","contributorId":49088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haynie","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burke, G. F.","contributorId":96398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burke","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baldys, Stanley sbaldys@usgs.gov","contributorId":3366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldys","given":"Stanley","email":"sbaldys@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":307511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":9000627,"text":"ofr20111014 - 2011 - Petroleum hydrocarbons in sediment from the northern Gulf of Mexico shoreline, Texas to Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:58","indexId":"ofr20111014","displayToPublicDate":"2011-03-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1014","title":"Petroleum hydrocarbons in sediment from the northern Gulf of Mexico shoreline, Texas to Florida","docAbstract":"Petroleum hydrocarbons were extracted and analyzed from shoreline sediment collected from the northern Gulf of Mexico (nGOM) coastline that could potentially be impacted by Macondo-1 (M-1) well oil. Sediment was collected before M-1 well oil made significant local landfall and analyzed for baseline conditions by a suite of diagnostic petroleum biomarkers. Oil residue in trace quantities was detected in 45 of 69 samples. With the aid of multivariate statistical analysis, three different oil groups, based on biomarker similarity, were identified that were distributed geographically along the nGOM from Texas to Florida. None of the sediment hydrocarbon extracts correlated with the M-1 well oil extract, however, the similarity of tarballs collected at one site (FL-18) with the M-1 well oil suggests that some oil from the Deepwater Horizon spill may have been transported to this site in the Florida Keys, perhaps by a loop current, before that site was sampled.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111014","collaboration":"A Preliminary Report to the U.S. Coast Guard, Part 2","usgsCitation":"Rosenbauer, R.J., Campbell, P.L., Lam, A., Lorenson, T., Hostettler, F.D., Thomas, B., and Wong, F.L., 2011, Petroleum hydrocarbons in sediment from the northern Gulf of Mexico shoreline, Texas to Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1014, iii, 17 p.; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111014.","productDescription":"iii, 17 p.; Appendices","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116257,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1014.gif"},{"id":19220,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1014/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida;Texas","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -96,24 ], [ -96,31 ], [ -80,31 ], [ -80,24 ], [ -96,24 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adee4b07f02db6875ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rosenbauer, Robert J. brosenbauer@usgs.gov","contributorId":204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenbauer","given":"Robert","email":"brosenbauer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":344390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Campbell, Pamela L.","contributorId":76719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"Pamela","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lam, Angela","contributorId":37312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lam","given":"Angela","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lorenson, T.D. tlorenson@usgs.gov","contributorId":2622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorenson","given":"T.D.","email":"tlorenson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":344392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hostettler, Frances D. fdhostet@usgs.gov","contributorId":3383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hostettler","given":"Frances","email":"fdhostet@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":344393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Thomas, Burt","contributorId":95454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Burt","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wong, Florence L. 0000-0002-3918-5896 fwong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3918-5896","contributorId":1990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wong","given":"Florence","email":"fwong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":344391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":99082,"text":"fs20103122 - 2011 - The concept of geologic carbon sequestration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:34","indexId":"fs20103122","displayToPublicDate":"2011-03-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-3122","title":"The concept of geologic carbon sequestration","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20103122","usgsCitation":"Duncan, D.W., and Morrissey, E.A., 2011, The concept of geologic carbon sequestration: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2010-3122, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20103122.","productDescription":"2 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126197,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2010_3122.gif"},{"id":14531,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3122/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db668a4f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Duncan, Douglas W.","contributorId":55394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duncan","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morrissey, Eric A. 0000-0001-9001-7487 emorriss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9001-7487","contributorId":3009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrissey","given":"Eric","email":"emorriss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":307494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70173477,"text":"70173477 - 2011 - Implications of community concordance for assessing stream integrity at three nested spatial scales in Minnesota, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-25T19:46:10.797249","indexId":"70173477","displayToPublicDate":"2011-03-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1696,"text":"Freshwater Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Implications of community concordance for assessing stream integrity at three nested spatial scales in Minnesota, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"<p>1. Fish and invertebrate assemblage data collected from 670 stream sites in Minnesota (U.S.A.) were used to calculate concordance across three nested spatial scales (statewide, ecoregion and catchment). Predictive taxa richness models, calibrated using the same data, were used to evaluate whether concordant communities exhibited similar trends in human‐induced taxa loss across all three scales. Finally, we evaluated the strength of the relationship between selected environmental variables and the composition of both assemblages at all three spatial scales.</p><p>2. Significant concordance between fish and invertebrate communities occurred at the statewide scale as well as in six of seven ecoregions and 17 of the 21 major catchments. However, concordance was not consistently indicative of significant relationships between rates of fish and invertebrate taxa loss at those same scales.</p><p>3. Fish and invertebrate communities were largely associated with different environmental variables, although the composition of both communities was strongly correlated with stream size across all three scales.</p><p>4. Predictive taxa‐loss models for fish assemblages were less sensitive and precise than models for invertebrate assemblages, likely because of the relatively low number of common fish taxa in our data set. Both models, however, distinguished reference from non‐reference sites.</p><p>5. The importance of concordance, geographic context and scale are discussed in relation to the design and interpretation of stream integrity indicators. In particular, our findings suggest that community concordance should not be viewed as a substitute for an evaluation of how assemblages respond to environmental stressors.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2427.2011.02589.x","usgsCitation":"Dolph, C.L., Huff, D.D., Chizinski, C.J., and Vondracek, B.C., 2011, Implications of community concordance for assessing stream integrity at three nested spatial scales in Minnesota, U.S.A.: Freshwater Biology, v. 56, no. 8, p. 1652-1669, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2011.02589.x.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1652","endPage":"1669","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-022903","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323422,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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,{"id":9000626,"text":"ofr20111048 - 2011 - Predicting spread of invasive exotic plants into dewatered reservoirs after dam removal on the Elwha River, Olympic National Park, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-01T18:24:23.557322","indexId":"ofr20111048","displayToPublicDate":"2011-03-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1048","title":"Predicting spread of invasive exotic plants into dewatered reservoirs after dam removal on the Elwha River, Olympic National Park, Washington","docAbstract":"The National Park Service is planning to start the restoration of the Elwha River ecosystem in Olympic National Park by removing two high head dams beginning in 2011. The potential for dispersal of exotic plants into dewatered reservoirs following dam removal, which would inhibit restoration of native vegetation, is of great concern. We focused on predicting long-distance dispersal of invasive exotic plants rather than diffusive spread because local sources of invasive species have been surveyed. We included the long-distance dispersal vectors: wind, water, birds, beavers, ungulates, and users of roads and trails. Using information about the current distribution of invasive species from two surveys, various geographic information system techniques and models, and statistical methods, we identified high-priority areas for Park staff to treat prior to dam removal, and areas of the dewatered reservoirs at risk after dam removal.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111048","usgsCitation":"Woodward, A., Torgersen, C.E., Chenoweth, J., Beirne, K., and Acker, S., 2011, Predicting spread of invasive exotic plants into dewatered reservoirs after dam removal on the Elwha River, Olympic National Park, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1048, vi, 64 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111048.","productDescription":"vi, 64 p.","numberOfPages":"64","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":19219,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1048/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":116252,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1048.jpg"},{"id":390137,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_95032.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Olympic National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -123.6117,\n              47.89056441663247\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.519287109375,\n              47.89056441663247\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.519287109375,\n              48.100094697973795\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.6117,\n              48.100094697973795\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.6117,\n              47.89056441663247\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e816","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woodward, Andrea 0000-0003-0604-9115 awoodward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0604-9115","contributorId":3028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodward","given":"Andrea","email":"awoodward@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":344385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Torgersen, Christian E. 0000-0001-8325-2737 ctorgersen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8325-2737","contributorId":3578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torgersen","given":"Christian","email":"ctorgersen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":344386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chenoweth, Joshua","contributorId":35054,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chenoweth","given":"Joshua","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Beirne, Katherine","contributorId":58754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beirne","given":"Katherine","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Acker, Steve","contributorId":95603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Acker","given":"Steve","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70003883,"text":"70003883 - 2011 - Classifying the water table at regional to continental scales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-29T14:45:20","indexId":"70003883","displayToPublicDate":"2011-03-05T03:45:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Classifying the water table at regional to continental scales","docAbstract":"<p><span>Water tables at regional to continental scales can be classified into two distinct types: recharge-controlled water tables that are largely disconnected from topography and topography-controlled water tables that are closely tied to topography. We use geomatic synthesis of hydrologic, geologic and topographic data sets to quantify and map water-table type over the contiguous United States using a dimensionless criterion introduced by Haitjema and Mitchell-Bruker (2005), called the water-table ratio, which differentiates water-table type. Our analysis indicates that specific regions of the United States have broadly contiguous and characteristic water-table types. Water-table ratio relates to water-table depth and the potential for regional groundwater flow. In regions with recharge-controlled water tables, for example the Southwest or Rocky Mountains, USA, water-tables depths are generally greater and more variable and regional groundwater flow is generally more important as a percentage of the watershed budget. Water-table depths are generally shallow and less variable, and regional groundwater flow is limited in areas with topography-controlled water tables such as the Northeast USA. 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University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":349283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marklund, Lars","contributorId":102995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marklund","given":"Lars","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Leslie","contributorId":52307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Leslie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Manning, Andrew H. 0000-0002-6404-1237 amanning@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6404-1237","contributorId":1305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manning","given":"Andrew","email":"amanning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":349282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":99081,"text":"ofr20101106 - 2011 - Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the period December 1, 2004-November 30, 2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:20","indexId":"ofr20101106","displayToPublicDate":"2011-03-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1106","title":"Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the period December 1, 2004-November 30, 2005","docAbstract":"A Decree of the Supreme Court of the United States, entered in 1954, established the position of Delaware River Master within the U.S. Geological Survey. In addition, the Decree authorizes diversions of water from the Delaware River Basin and requires compensating releases from certain reservoirs, owned by New York City, to be made under the supervision and direction of the River Master. The Decree stipulates that the River Master will furnish reports to the Court, not less frequently than annually. This report is the 52nd Annual Report of the River Master of the Delaware River. It covers the 2005 River Master report year; that is, the period from December 1, 2004, to November 30, 2005.\r\n\r\nDuring the report year, precipitation in the upper Delaware River Basin was 7.56 in., or 117 percent of the long-term average. Combined storage in Pepacton, Cannonsville, and Neversink Reservoirs remained high from December 2004 to May 2005 and reached a record high level on April 3, 2005. Reservoir storage decreased steadily from May to early October, then increased rapidly through the end of November. Delaware River operations throughout the year were conducted as stipulated by the Decree.\r\n\r\nDiversions from the Delaware River Basin by New York City and New Jersey were in compliance with the Decree. Reservoir releases were made as directed by the River Master at rates designed to meet the flow objective for the Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey, on 120 days during the report year. Releases were made at conservation rates-or rates designed to relieve thermal stress and protect the fishery and aquatic habitat in the tailwaters of the reservoirs-on all other days.\r\n\r\nDuring the report year, New York City and New Jersey complied fully with the terms of the Decree, and directives and requests of the River Master.\r\n\r\nAs part of a long-term program, the quality of water in the Delaware Estuary between Trenton, New Jersey, and Reedy Island Jetty, Delaware, was monitored at various locations. Data on water temperature, specific conductance, dissolved oxygen, and pH were collected continuously by electronic instruments at four sites. In addition, selected water-quality data were collected at 3 sites on a monthly basis and at 19 sites on a twice-monthly basis.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101106","usgsCitation":"Krejmas, B.E., Paulachok, G.N., and Blanchard, S.F., 2011, Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the period December 1, 2004-November 30, 2005: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1106, vi, 86 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101106.","productDescription":"vi, 86 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2004-12-01","temporalEnd":"2005-11-30","costCenters":[{"id":217,"text":"Delaware River Master","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116021,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1106.gif"},{"id":14530,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1106/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a5ee4b07f02db633b40","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krejmas, Bruce E.","contributorId":102501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krejmas","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paulachok, Gary N. gnpaulac@usgs.gov","contributorId":3500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paulachok","given":"Gary","email":"gnpaulac@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":307491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blanchard, Stephen F.","contributorId":54966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blanchard","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":99080,"text":"sir20105255 - 2011 - A digital terrain model of bathymetry and shallow-zone bottom-substrate classification for Spednic Lake and estimates of lake-level-dependent habitat to support smallmouth bass persistence modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-14T19:31:51.140345","indexId":"sir20105255","displayToPublicDate":"2011-03-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5255","title":"A digital terrain model of bathymetry and shallow-zone bottom-substrate classification for Spednic Lake and estimates of lake-level-dependent habitat to support smallmouth bass persistence modeling","docAbstract":"In 2009, the U.S. Geological Survey entered into a cooperative agreement with the International Joint Commission, St. Croix River Board to do an analysis of historical smallmouth bass habitat as a function of lake level for Spednic Lake in an effort to quantify the effects, if any, of historical lake-level management and meteorological conditions (from 1970 to 2009) on smallmouth bass year-class failure. The analysis requires estimating habitat availability as a function of lake level during spawning periods from 1970 to 2009, which is documented in this report. Field work was done from October 19 to 23, and from November 2 to 10, 2009, to acquire acoustic bathymetric (depth) data and acoustic data indicating the character of the surficial lake-bottom sediments. Historical lake-level data during smallmouth bass spawning (May-June) were applied to the bathymetric and surficial-sediment type data sets to produce annual historic estimates of smallmouth-bass-spawning-habitat area. Results show that minimum lake level during the spawning period explained most of the variability (R2 = 0.89) in available spawning habitat for nearshore areas of shallow slope (less than 10 degrees) on the basis of linear correlation. The change in lake level during the spawning period explained most of the variability (R2 = 0.90) in available spawning habitat for areas of steeper slopes (10 to 40 degrees) on the basis of linear correlation. The next step in modeling historic smallmouth bass year-class persistence is to combine this analysis of the effects of lake-level management on habitat availability with meteorological conditions.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20105255","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the International Joint Commission, International St. Croix River Watershed Board","usgsCitation":"Dudley, R.W., Schalk, C.W., Stasulis, N.W., and Trial, J.G., 2011, A digital terrain model of bathymetry and shallow-zone bottom-substrate classification for Spednic Lake and estimates of lake-level-dependent habitat to support smallmouth bass persistence modeling: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5255, vi, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105255.","productDescription":"vi, 18 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":423579,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_95038.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":116020,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5255.gif"},{"id":14529,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5255/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Spednic Lake, St. Croix River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -68.12848812846265,\n              45.17183888440949\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.02413711956018,\n              45.92158213293316\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.53951255336902,\n              45.92369559065789\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.03409924028345,\n              45.12380941051831\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.75504495092216,\n              45.047758502732\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.12848812846265,\n              45.17183888440949\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b25e4b07f02db6aed3b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dudley, Robert W. 0000-0002-0934-0568 rwdudley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0934-0568","contributorId":2223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dudley","given":"Robert","email":"rwdudley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schalk, Charles W. cwschalk@usgs.gov","contributorId":1726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schalk","given":"Charles","email":"cwschalk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stasulis, Nicholas W. 0000-0001-7645-4867 nstasuli@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7645-4867","contributorId":4520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stasulis","given":"Nicholas","email":"nstasuli@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Trial, Joan G.","contributorId":91156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trial","given":"Joan","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":99078,"text":"fs20113015 - 2011 - Inventory and protection of salt marshes from risks of sea-level rise at Acadia National Park, Maine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-15T14:31:34.386086","indexId":"fs20113015","displayToPublicDate":"2011-03-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-3015","title":"Inventory and protection of salt marshes from risks of sea-level rise at Acadia National Park, Maine","docAbstract":"Recent U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) climate studies in the northeastern United States have shown substantial evidence of climate-related changes during the last 100 years, including earlier snowmelt runoff, decreasing occurrence of river ice, and decreasing winter snowpack. These studies related to climate change are being expanded to include investigation of coastal wetlands that might be at risk from sealevel rise. Coastal wetlands, particularly salt marshes, are important ecosystems that provide wildlife nursery and breeding habitat, migratory bird habitat, water quality enhancement, and shoreline erosion control. The USGS is investigating salt marshes in Acadia National Park with the goal of determining which salt marshes may be threatened by sea-level rise and which salt marshes may be able to adapt to sea-level rise by migrating into adjacent low-lying lands.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20113015","usgsCitation":"Dudley, R.W., and Nielsen, M.G., 2011, Inventory and protection of salt marshes from risks of sea-level rise at Acadia National Park, Maine: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2011-3015, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20113015.","productDescription":"4 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116022,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2011_3015.gif"},{"id":14527,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2011/3015/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":494167,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_95035.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -69,43.833333333333336 ], [ -69,44.5 ], [ -68,44.5 ], [ -68,43.833333333333336 ], [ -69,43.833333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48c5e4b07f02db53f361","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dudley, Robert W. 0000-0002-0934-0568 rwdudley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0934-0568","contributorId":2223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dudley","given":"Robert","email":"rwdudley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nielsen, Martha G. 0000-0003-3038-9400 mnielsen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3038-9400","contributorId":4169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nielsen","given":"Martha","email":"mnielsen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":99079,"text":"sir20105182 - 2011 - Effectiveness of catch basins equipped with hoods in retaining gross solids and hydrocarbons in highway runoff, Southeast Expressway, Boston, Massachusetts, 2008-09","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-18T20:39:54.959092","indexId":"sir20105182","displayToPublicDate":"2011-03-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5182","title":"Effectiveness of catch basins equipped with hoods in retaining gross solids and hydrocarbons in highway runoff, Southeast Expressway, Boston, Massachusetts, 2008-09","docAbstract":"Stormwater mobilizes litter and other debris along the roadway where it is transported to the highway drainage systems. Initial treatment for stormwater runoff typically is provided by catch basins in highway settings. Modification of catch basins to include hoods that cover the catch-basin outlet is intended to enhance catch-basin performance by retaining floatable debris and various hydrophobic organic compounds that tend to float on the water surface within the sump of the catch basin.\r\n\r\nThe effectiveness of six deep-sump off-line catch basins equipped with hoods in reducing the mass of gross solids greater than 0.25 inches in diameter and concentrations of oil and grease (OG) and total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) was examined along the Southeast Expressway, in Boston, Massachusetts. Two deep-sump catch basins were equipped with cast-iron hoods. Three were equipped with molded plastic hoods, known as an Eliminator, and a single catch basin was equipped with a fiberglass anti-siphoning hood, known as a Snout. Samples of gross solids greater than 0.25 inches in diameter, excluding gravel and metallic materials, were routinely collected for a 6-month period from a collection structure mounted at the end of each catch-basin outlet pipe. After about 6 months, all floatable, saturated low-density and high-density solids were removed from each catch basin. In addition to the collection of samples of gross solids, samples of sump water from five catch basins and flow-weighted composite samples of stormwater from the outlet of one catch basin were collected and analyzed for concentrations of OG and TPH.\r\n\r\nA mass balance approach was used to assess the effectiveness of each catch basin equipped with a hood in retaining gross solids. The effectiveness of the deep-sump catch basins fitted with one of three types of hoods in retaining gross solids ranged from 27 to 52 percent. From 45 to 90 percent of the gross solids collected from the catch-basin sumps were composed of materials made of high-density plastics that did not float in water, and as a result, the effect that the catch-basin hoods had on these materials likely was marginal. The effectiveness for the deep-sump hooded catch basins, excluding the mass of high-density materials identified in the solids collected from the outlet pipe and the sump of the catch basins, ranged from 13 to 38 percent. The effectiveness for each catch basin, based solely on the material that remained floating at the end of the monitoring period, was less than 11 percent; however, these values likely underestimate the effectiveness of the hooded catch basins because much of the low-density material collected from the sumps may have been retained as floatable material before it was saturated and settled during non-storm conditions. The effectiveness of the catch basins equipped with hoods in reducing gross solids was not greatly different among the three types of hoods tested in this study.\r\n\r\nConcentrations of OG and TPH collected from the water surface of the catch-basins varied from catch basin to catch basin and were similar to concentrations of flow-weighted composite samples collected during storms. Comparisons indicate concentrations of OG and TPH in flow-weighted composite samples collected at the outlet of a catch basin equipped with an Eliminator hood were not substantially different from concentrations of the respective constituents in flow-weighted composite samples collected during a previous study from catch basins containing cast-iron hoods in the same study area. The similarity between these flow-weighted concentrations and the concentrations of the respective constituents in a vertical profile sample collected from the catch-basin sump indicates that OG and TPH are emulsified in the sump of each catch basin during storms and circumvent the hoods.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20105182","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Federal Highway Administration and the Massachusetts Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Smith, K.P., 2011, Effectiveness of catch basins equipped with hoods in retaining gross solids and hydrocarbons in highway runoff, Southeast Expressway, Boston, Massachusetts, 2008-09: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5182, vii, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105182.","productDescription":"vii, 24 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":423715,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_95037.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":14528,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5182/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":116023,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5182.gif"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","county":"Boston","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -71.05,\n              42.2833\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.05,\n              42.3083\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.0417,\n              42.3083\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.0417,\n              42.2833\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.05,\n              42.2833\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db625324","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Kirk P. 0000-0003-0269-474X kpsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0269-474X","contributorId":1516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Kirk","email":"kpsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
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