The relative weight (Wr) index of body condition provided insight into the stock dynamics of walleye Stizostedion vitreum in six reservoirs in the North Platte River drainage of Wyoming. The three most upstream reservoirs are managed as both walleye and trout (Oncorhynchus spp. and Salmo spp.) fisheries; trout are stocked annually. The three downstream reservoirs are managed for coolwater and warmwater fishes, and walleye fry are stocked almost annually in two of the reservoirs. Positive relations between stocking densities of trout and Wr of walleyes and between water levels and Wr of walleyes were observed. Length-related trends in Wr within walleye stocks over time were related to prey availability.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1577/1548-8675(1997)017<0044:TIRWOW>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Marwitz, T., and Hubert, W., 2011, Trends in relative weight of walleye stocks in Wyoming reservoirs: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 17, no. 1, p. 44-53, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8675(1997)017<0044:TIRWOW>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"44","endPage":"53","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227984,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","volume":"17","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb7fde4b08c986b3275e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marwitz, T.D.","contributorId":64407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marwitz","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hubert, W.A.","contributorId":12822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubert","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1014768,"text":"1014768 - 2011 - Passage and behavior of adult American shad in an experimental louver bypass system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-26T23:16:53.994674","indexId":"1014768","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Passage and behavior of adult American shad in an experimental louver bypass system","docAbstract":"We tested 436 adult American shad Alosa sapidissima in an experimental louver bypass system, which was similar to a system operating at Holyoke Dam, Massachusetts, to determine guidance and passage efficiency and to study fish response to stimuli from physical structures, light intensity, and water velocity. Groups of 5–29 fish were exposed to combinations of two bypass exits (wide-shallow and vertical-slot sharp-crested weirs) and two louver arrays (7.6- and 15.2-cm slat spacing) oriented 20° to water flow direction. Underwater video observations showed fish responded to louvers as a physical barrier during the day, when they stayed 30–55 cm (1.3 cm/5 klx) away from and oriented parallel to louvers, and as a behavioral barrier at night, when they moved closer to louvers and oriented into the current. Both louver arrays guided fish effectively, (i.e., prevented fish from passing through the slats) 100% for narrow spacing and 97% for wide spacing. Adults avoided moving closer than 0.5 m to either exit type; instead, fish remained 0.8–1.4 bodylengths upstream, depending on light intensity (farther upstream during daytime, similar to behavior at louvers). At exits, water velocity increased from 0.4 m/s to 0.8 m/s or more in a distance of 0.9 m (rate of velocity increase, 0.44 m/s per meter). This rapid velocity increase elicited an avoidance response by fish that resulted in few fish (5%) passing. Our results provide behavioral explanations for the efficient guidance of adult American shad by louvers and for the fishes' avoidance of the exit at the Holyoke Dam. From this, we provide suggestions on how to prevent fish avoidance of exits.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1577/1548-8675(1997)017<0734:PABOAA>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Kynard, B., and Buerkett, C., 2011, Passage and behavior of adult American shad in an experimental louver bypass system: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 17, no. 3, p. 734-742, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8675(1997)017<0734:PABOAA>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"734","endPage":"742","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130007,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Turners Falls","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.56439453147735,\n 42.61302490774074\n ],\n [\n -72.56439453147735,\n 42.60332345024415\n ],\n [\n -72.54419313325342,\n 42.60332345024415\n ],\n [\n -72.54419313325342,\n 42.61302490774074\n ],\n [\n -72.56439453147735,\n 42.61302490774074\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"17","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae3e4b07f02db688ec6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kynard, B.","contributorId":51232,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kynard","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Buerkett, C.","contributorId":89088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buerkett","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1003425,"text":"1003425 - 2011 - Habitat associations of small fishes around islands in the upper Mississippi River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-25T15:54:06.985312","indexId":"1003425","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat associations of small fishes around islands in the upper Mississippi River","docAbstract":"In large rivers, islands provide a variety of habitat types and increase habitat heterogeneity. Creating or modifying islands with dredged sediments from channel maintenance operations provides an opportunity to enhance habitat features that might promote certain fish communities or general fish abundance. To determine associations between fish species and habitat features of islands, we sampled fish by seining at 62 sites around 20 islands in the upper Mississippi River from Winona, Minnesota, to Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin (180 km). Habitat characteristics were divided into macrohabitat features associated with islands, such as island shape, location, or maximum depth around the island, and mesohabitat features of sites, such as depth, sediment type, and vegetation abundance. Cluster analysis of islands based on macrohabitat features identified four clusters distinguished primarily by water depth and distance from the main channel. Mean fish density did not differ among island clusters. Cluster analysis of sites based on mesohabitat features produced four clusters distinguished primarily by vegetation abundance. Mean densities of most fish taxa were highest in clusters with moderate or dense vegetation and lowest in the cluster with no vegetation. For the eight most abundant fish species, multiple-regression analysis of density on mesohabitat features across all sites indicated that all species were positively correlated with vegetation abundance, which explained 7-49% of variation in density. Our results suggest that mesohabitat features of sites were more important than macrohabitat features of islands in determining density of small fishes and that modifications that increase the abundance of vegetation around islands are most likely to increase fish density.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1577/1548-8675(1998)018<0327:HAOSFA>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Johnson, B.L., and Jennings, C.A., 2011, Habitat associations of small fishes around islands in the upper Mississippi River: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 18, no. 2, p. 327-336, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8675(1998)018<0327:HAOSFA>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"327","endPage":"336","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133919,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota, Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.7259217454691,\n 44.109900177614634\n ],\n [\n -91.7259217454691,\n 43.03654263357964\n ],\n [\n -90.99042076365409,\n 43.03654263357964\n ],\n [\n -90.99042076365409,\n 44.109900177614634\n ],\n [\n -91.7259217454691,\n 44.109900177614634\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"18","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db64971b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Barry L. bljohnson@usgs.gov","contributorId":608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Barry","email":"bljohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":313261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jennings, Cecil A. 0000-0002-6159-6026 jennings@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6159-6026","contributorId":874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jennings","given":"Cecil","email":"jennings@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":313262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70019581,"text":"70019581 - 2011 - Relationship between vegetation coverage and abundance, size, and diet of juvenile largemouth bass during winter","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-25T17:07:14.138945","indexId":"70019581","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relationship between vegetation coverage and abundance, size, and diet of juvenile largemouth bass during winter","docAbstract":"Juvenile largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides were collected by electrofishing during October through March 1992–1994 from coves (≤25 ha) covered with aquatic macrophytes over 1–65% of their area. Mean total length of juvenile largemouth bass was highest in coves with the least vegetated cover, but increase in mean length between October and March was highest in coves having near 20% vegetation coverage. Catch per unit effort decreased between October and March; decreases were least at vegetation coverages near 10–20%, highest at coverages of 5% or less, and intermediate at coverages of 30–65%. By March, these disparate decreases contributed to the formation of a dome-like relationship between vegetation coverage and catch per unit effort. Consumption of fish foods was highest when vegetation coverage was low, but decreased asymptotically as coverage increased; consumption of invertebrate foods increased at low coverage, peaked near 20–30% coverage, and decreased at higher coverage. We suggest that greater length increases and greater abundance at 10–25% vegetation coverage were stimulated by a favorable blend of food availability and cover. Our results support reports that maximum recruitment of largemouth bass occurs at intermediate levels of vegetation coverage, and we further suggest that such increased production is reinforced during winter, when survival. invertebrate consumption, and length increases are highest at intermediate levels of vegetation coverage.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1577/1548-8675(1997)017<0601:RBVCAA>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Miranda, L., and Pugh, L., 2011, Relationship between vegetation coverage and abundance, size, and diet of juvenile largemouth bass during winter: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 17, no. 3, p. 601-610, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8675(1997)017<0601:RBVCAA>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"601","endPage":"610","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228124,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Mississippi","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.3420034155869,\n 33.295210217893796\n ],\n [\n -88.3420034155869,\n 33.20342342571156\n ],\n [\n -88.24625979891698,\n 33.20342342571156\n ],\n [\n -88.24625979891698,\n 33.295210217893796\n ],\n [\n -88.3420034155869,\n 33.295210217893796\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"17","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a764e4b0e8fec6cdc43a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miranda, L.E.","contributorId":58406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miranda","given":"L.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pugh, L.L.","contributorId":73763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pugh","given":"L.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70209426,"text":"70209426 - 2011 - The effects of wetland restoration on mercury bioaccumulation in the South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Project: Using the biosentinel toolbox to monitor changes across multiple habitats and spatial scales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-07T11:54:31.188408","indexId":"70209426","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-07T06:42:43","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"The effects of wetland restoration on mercury bioaccumulation in the South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Project: Using the biosentinel toolbox to monitor changes across multiple habitats and spatial scales","docAbstract":"The project was initiated in April 2010, and to date has included four sampling events of surface water (April, May, June/July, and August 2010) and five sampling events of biota (April, May, June/July, August, and September 2010) and three sampling events for surface sediment (May, June/July, and August 2010). This annual report briefly summarizes our progress to date.
No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Summary report for fate and effects of remnant oil remaining in the beach environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"language":"English","publisher":"United States Coast Guard","collaboration":"United States Coast Guard, Operational Science Advisory Team-2","usgsCitation":"Chapelle, F.H., and Widdowson, M.A., 2011, Modeling the fate and transport of polyaromatic hydrocarbons in the saturated zone, Grand Isle, Louisiana, 14 p.","productDescription":"14 p.","costCenters":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":373775,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":373774,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.restorethegulf.gov/sites/default/files/documents/pdf/Annex%20D%20SEAM3D%20(2).pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana ","otherGeospatial":"Grand Isle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.04703521728516,\n 29.199224392750896\n ],\n [\n -90.04016876220703,\n 29.195627974328577\n ],\n [\n -90.01888275146484,\n 29.21540671432929\n ],\n [\n -89.9831771850586,\n 29.2333840743525\n ],\n [\n -89.95193481445312,\n 29.251058733968815\n ],\n [\n -89.94644165039062,\n 29.26543586583225\n ],\n [\n -89.95502471923828,\n 29.2738215926495\n ],\n [\n -89.97184753417969,\n 29.2651363628668\n ],\n [\n -89.98523712158203,\n 29.263938342231818\n ],\n [\n -89.9941635131836,\n 29.25854707567442\n ],\n [\n -89.99862670898438,\n 29.24446853982615\n ],\n [\n -90.01235961914061,\n 29.233683670282787\n ],\n [\n -90.0216293334961,\n 29.230987275348557\n ],\n [\n -90.03158569335938,\n 29.218403160129743\n ],\n [\n -90.03982543945312,\n 29.208214886852588\n ],\n [\n -90.04703521728516,\n 29.199224392750896\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chapelle, Francis H. chapelle@usgs.gov","contributorId":1350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapelle","given":"Francis","email":"chapelle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":786456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Widdowson, Mark A.","contributorId":90379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Widdowson","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":786457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":9000558,"text":"ofr20111002 - 2011 - Seasonal Flux and Assemblage Composition of Planktic Foraminifera from the Northern Gulf of Mexico, 2008-2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:57","indexId":"ofr20111002","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1002","title":"Seasonal Flux and Assemblage Composition of Planktic Foraminifera from the Northern Gulf of Mexico, 2008-2009","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey established a sediment trap in the northern Gulf of Mexico to collect time-series data on the flux and assemblage composition of live planktic foraminifers. This report provides an update of the 2008 time-series data to include results from 2009. Ten species, or varieties, of planktic foraminifers constitute >90 percent of the assemblage: Globigerinoides ruber (pink and white varieties), Gs. sacculifer, Globigerina calida, Globigerinella aequilateralis, Globorotalia menardii group, Gt. truncatulinoides, Pulleniatina spp., Orbulina universa, and Neogloboquadrina dutertrei. The mean daily flux is about 215 tests per square meter per day, with maximum fluxes of >800 tests per square meter per day during early February and minimum fluxes of <20 tests per square meter per day during early October. Globorotalia truncatulinoides shows a clear preference for the winter and continues to provide the greatest number of tests for 2009, consistent with data from 2008. Globigerinoides ruber (white variety) flux increased more than 3 orders of magnitude from an average of 3 tests per square meter per day in 2008 to 11 tests per square meter per day in 2009. However, though Gs. ruber (white) abundance increased from 1.5 percent in 2008 to 4.9 percent in 2009, it continues to be a minor contributor to the total assemblage composition, in contrast to assemblage records from nearby sediments that indicate Gs. ruber (white) typically comprises approximately 20-30 percent of the assemblage.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111002","usgsCitation":"Spear, J.W., and Poore, R.Z., 2011, Seasonal Flux and Assemblage Composition of Planktic Foraminifera from the Northern Gulf of Mexico, 2008-2009: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1002, 17 p.; XLS Download of Table 1, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111002.","productDescription":"17 p.; XLS Download of Table 1","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2008-01-01","temporalEnd":"2009-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203780,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":19185,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1002/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -100,20 ], [ -100,33 ], [ -80,33 ], [ -80,20 ], [ -100,20 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abde4b07f02db673e55","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spear, Jessica W. jspear@usgs.gov","contributorId":3619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spear","given":"Jessica","email":"jspear@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":344216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Poore, Richard Z. rpoore@usgs.gov","contributorId":345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poore","given":"Richard","email":"rpoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":344215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70159792,"text":"70159792 - 2011 - Meat and bone meal and mineral feed additives may increase the risk of oral prion disease transmission","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-31T16:43:08.860725","indexId":"70159792","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2481,"text":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Meat and bone meal and mineral feed additives may increase the risk of oral prion disease transmission","docAbstract":"Ingestion of prion-contaminated materials is postulated to be a primary route of prion disease transmission. Binding of prions to soil (micro)particles dramatically enhances peroral disease transmission relative to unbound prions, and it was hypothesized that micrometer-sized particles present in other consumed materials may affect prion disease transmission via the oral route of exposure. Small, insoluble particles are present in many substances, including soil, human foods, pharmaceuticals, and animal feeds. It is known that meat and bone meal (MBM), a feed additive believed responsible for the spread of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), contains particles smaller than 20 μm and that the pathogenic prion protein binds to MBM. The potentiation of disease transmission via the oral route by exposure to MBM or three micrometer-sized mineral feed additives was determined. Data showed that when the disease agent was bound to any of the tested materials, the penetrance of disease was increased compared to unbound prions. Our data suggest that in feed or other prion-contaminated substances consumed by animals or, potentially, humans, the addition of MBM or the presence of microparticles could heighten risks of prion disease acquisition.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/15287394.2011.529066","usgsCitation":"Johnson, C.J., McKenzie, D., Pedersen, J.A., and Aiken, J.M., 2011, Meat and bone meal and mineral feed additives may increase the risk of oral prion disease transmission: Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A, v. 74, no. 2-4, p. 161-166, https://doi.org/10.1080/15287394.2011.529066.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"161","endPage":"166","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-017646","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475041,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc3160278","text":"External Repository"},{"id":311663,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"74","issue":"2-4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"565446c4e4b071e7ea53d4d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Christopher J. cjjohnson@usgs.gov","contributorId":3491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Christopher","email":"cjjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKenzie, Debbie","contributorId":82211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKenzie","given":"Debbie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pedersen, Joel A.","contributorId":85079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pedersen","given":"Joel","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Aiken, Judd M.","contributorId":64780,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aiken","given":"Judd","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70073548,"text":"70073548 - 2011 - Aftershock distribution as a constraint on the geodetic model of coseismic slip for the 2004 Parkfield earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-20T15:32:47","indexId":"70073548","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-04T14:53:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3208,"text":"Pure and Applied Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aftershock distribution as a constraint on the geodetic model of coseismic slip for the 2004 Parkfield earthquake","docAbstract":"Several studies of the 2004 Parkfield earthquake have linked the spatial distribution of the event’s aftershocks to the mainshock slip distribution on the fault. Using geodetic data, we find a model of coseismic slip for the 2004 Parkfield earthquake with the constraint that the edges of coseismic slip patches align with aftershocks. The constraint is applied by encouraging the curvature of coseismic slip in each model cell to be equal to the negative of the curvature of seismicity density. The large patch of peak slip about 15 km northwest of the 2004 hypocenter found in the curvature-constrained model is in good agreement in location and amplitude with previous geodetic studies and the majority of strong motion studies. The curvature-constrained solution shows slip primarily between aftershock “streaks” with the continuation of moderate levels of slip to the southeast. These observations are in good agreement with strong motion studies, but inconsistent with the majority of published geodetic slip models. Southeast of the 2004 hypocenter, a patch of peak slip observed in strong motion studies is absent from our curvature-constrained model, but the available GPS data do not resolve slip in this region. We conclude that the geodetic slip model constrained by the aftershock distribution fits the geodetic data quite well and that inconsistencies between models derived from seismic and geodetic data can be attributed largely to resolution issues.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pure and Applied Geophysics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00024-010-0214-x","usgsCitation":"Bennington, N., Thurber, C., Feigl, K., and Murray-Moraleda Jessica, 2011, Aftershock distribution as a constraint on the geodetic model of coseismic slip for the 2004 Parkfield earthquake: Pure and Applied Geophysics, v. 168, no. 10, p. 1553-1565, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-010-0214-x.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1553","endPage":"1565","ipdsId":"IP-016723","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":281296,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281295,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00024-010-0214-x"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Parkfield","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.452654,35.879686 ], [ -120.452654,35.919686 ], [ -120.412654,35.919686 ], [ -120.412654,35.879686 ], [ -120.452654,35.879686 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"168","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-11-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4bf1e4b0b290850f0a7b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bennington, Ninfa","contributorId":49699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennington","given":"Ninfa","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thurber, Clifford","contributorId":44067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurber","given":"Clifford","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Feigl, Kurt","contributorId":13895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feigl","given":"Kurt","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Murray-Moraleda Jessica","contributorId":128202,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Murray-Moraleda Jessica","id":535624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70074338,"text":"70074338 - 2011 - Quantifying solute transport processes: Are chemically \"conservative\" tracers electrically conservative?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-14T09:59:44","indexId":"70074338","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-04T11:31:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1808,"text":"Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying solute transport processes: Are chemically \"conservative\" tracers electrically conservative?","docAbstract":"The concept of a nonreactive or conservative tracer, commonly invoked in investigations of solute transport, requires additional study in the context of electrical geophysical monitoring. Tracers that are commonly considered conservative may undergo reactive processes, such as ion exchange, thus changing the aqueous composition of the system. As a result, the measured electrical conductivity may reflect not only solute transport but also reactive processes. We have evaluated the impacts of ion exchange reactions, rate-limited mass transfer, and surface conduction on quantifying tracer mass, mean arrival time, and temporal variance in laboratory-scale column experiments. Numerical examples showed that (1) ion exchange can lead to resistivity-estimated tracer mass, velocity, and dispersivity that may be inaccurate; (2) mass transfer leads to an overestimate in the mobile tracer mass and an underestimate in velocity when using electrical methods; and (3) surface conductance does not notably affect estimated moments when high-concentration tracers are used, although this phenomenon may be important at low concentrations or in sediments with high and/or spatially variable cation-exchange capacity. In all cases, colocated groundwater concentration measurements are of high importance for interpreting geophysical data with respect to the controlling transport processes of interest.","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.1190/1.3511356","usgsCitation":"Singha, K., Li, L., Day-Lewis, F.D., and Regberg, A.B., 2011, Quantifying solute transport processes: Are chemically \"conservative\" tracers electrically conservative?: Geophysics, v. 76, no. 1, p. F53-F63, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.3511356.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"F53","endPage":"F63","numberOfPages":"11","ipdsId":"IP-022860","costCenters":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281650,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"76","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd6ec9e4b0b29085105ff4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Singha, Kamini","contributorId":76733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Singha","given":"Kamini","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Li, Li","contributorId":107607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"Li","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Day-Lewis, Frederick D. 0000-0003-3526-886X daylewis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3526-886X","contributorId":1672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day-Lewis","given":"Frederick","email":"daylewis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Regberg, Aaron B.","contributorId":19074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Regberg","given":"Aaron","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70044467,"text":"70044467 - 2011 - Host specificity and ecology of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) in Pacific salmonids","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-06T15:54:56","indexId":"70044467","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-04T05:15:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"Host specificity and ecology of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) in Pacific salmonids","docAbstract":"Some circumstances IHNV infection can cause acute disease with mortality ranging from 5-90% in host populations. Genetic typing of IHNV field isolates has shown that three major genetic groups of the virus occur in North America. These groups are designated the U, M, and L virus genogroups because they occur in the upper, middle, and lower portions of the geographic range of IHNV in western North America. Among field isolates there is some indication of host specificity: most IHNV isolated from sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) is in the U genogroup, and most IHNV isolated from rainbow and steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) is in the M genogroup. Experimental challenges confirm that U isolates are highly virulent for sockeye salmon, but not rainbow trout. In contrast, M isolates are virulent in rainbow trout but not in sockeye salmon. Studies comparing U and M virus infections show that virulence is associated with more rapid virus replication in the first few days after infection. In addition, high virulence isolates persist at higher viral loads in the host, while low virulence isolates do not persist. These host-specific aspects of the different IHNV genogroups are important for understanding the ecology of IHNV emergence events in the field. The recent emergence of U IHNV in Russian sockeye salmon of the Kamchatka Peninsula, and the emergence of M IHNV in steelhead trout on the Olympic Peninsula in the U.S.A, serve as examples of the relevance of IHNV host specificity.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bridging America and Russia with shared perspectives on aquatic animal health: Proceedings of the Third Bilateral Conference between Russia and the United States","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Third Bilateral Conference Between Russia and the United States, Aquatic Animal Health 2009","conferenceDate":"July 12-20, 2009","conferenceLocation":"Shepherdstown, WV","language":"English","publisher":"Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans Foundation","publisherLocation":"Landover, MD","isbn":"978-0-9835611-0-1","usgsCitation":"Kurath, G., Garver, A.K., Purcell, M.K., Penaranda, M., and Rudakova, S., 2011, Host specificity and ecology of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) in Pacific salmonids, in Bridging America and Russia with shared perspectives on aquatic animal health: Proceedings of the Third Bilateral Conference between Russia and the United States, Shepherdstown, WV, July 12-20, 2009, p. 138-145.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"138","endPage":"145","numberOfPages":"360","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-018253","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":319868,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5724863ee4b0b13d3915955f","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Cipriano, R. 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K. K.","contributorId":118318,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garver","given":"A.","suffix":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":517367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Purcell, M. K.","contributorId":78464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Purcell","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":626193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Penaranda, Ma. Michelle","contributorId":116305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Penaranda","given":"Ma.","suffix":"Michelle","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":517365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rudakova, Svetlana Svetlana","contributorId":118519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rudakova","given":"Svetlana","suffix":"Svetlana","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":517368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70175492,"text":"70175492 - 2011 - Chapter 10: Occurrence of non-native invasive plants: The role of anthropogenic features","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70175492,"text":"70175492 - 2011 - Chapter 10: Occurrence of non-native invasive plants: The role of anthropogenic features","indexId":"70175492","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"chapter":"10","title":"Chapter 10: Occurrence of non-native invasive plants: The role of anthropogenic features"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70118768,"text":"70118768 - 2011 - Sagebrush ecosystem conservation and management: Ecoregional assessment tools and models for the Wyoming Basins","indexId":"70118768","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"title":"Sagebrush ecosystem conservation and management: Ecoregional assessment tools and models for the Wyoming Basins"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70118768,"text":"70118768 - 2011 - Sagebrush ecosystem conservation and management: Ecoregional assessment tools and models for the Wyoming Basins","indexId":"70118768","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"title":"Sagebrush ecosystem conservation and management: Ecoregional assessment tools and models for the Wyoming Basins"},"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-31T14:44:21.167871","indexId":"70175492","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-04T01:15:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"10","title":"Chapter 10: Occurrence of non-native invasive plants: The role of anthropogenic features","docAbstract":"The invasion of non-native plants in the Wyoming Basins Ecoregional Assessment (WBEA) area is a major economic and ecological stress, with invasions thought to be hastened by energy developments. Given the potential impacts of nonnative invasive plants and the rapid changes in land use in the WBEA, broad-scale assessments and predictive models of nonnative invasive plant distribution are needed. Using this information, the current extent of populations for targeting treatment and monitoring can be identified, the habitat affinities for forecasting where weeds may establish next determined, and the responses to individual human disturbances (such as energy developments) predicted. To address these needs, we conducted vegetation surveys across the WBEA area at 317 individual survey blocks (five plots per survey block) during the summers of 2005 and 2006. Survey blocks were stratified by both human disturbance and habitat productivity; in each of five plots per survey block the occurrence of 23 common nonnative invasive plants was recorded during early and late season surveys. Here, we report on the four most common invasive plants, crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum), cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum), halogeton (Halogeton glomeratus), and Russian thistle (Salsola spp.). Occurrence models were generated for each species using random-effects logistic regression to account for nesting of plots within sample sites. Predictors of occupancy included local habitat, abiotic condition, and distance to anthropogenic features. Although occurrences of all four invasive plants were affected by habitat, abiotic, and anthropogenic factors, cheatgrass and Russian thistle were most strongly associated with anthropogenic disturbance, primarily major roads and energy well sites. We assessed relationships between environmental and anthropogenic predictors and species occurrences to identify the major factors affecting current species distribution, examined shape of the response in occurrence in relation to proximity to individual anthropogenic disturbances, and provided spatial predictions of the locations where invasive plants are most likely to occur.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Sagebrush ecosystem conservation and management: Ecoregional assessment tools and models for the Wyoming Basins","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Allen Press","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, Kansas","isbn":"978-0-615-55530-0","usgsCitation":"Nielsen, S.E., Aldridge, C.L., Hanser, S.E., Leu, M., and Knick, S.T., 2011, Chapter 10: Occurrence of non-native invasive plants: The role of anthropogenic features, chap. 10 of Sagebrush ecosystem conservation and management: Ecoregional assessment tools and models for the Wyoming Basins, p. 357-386.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"357","endPage":"386","numberOfPages":"30","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326483,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":378030,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ja/70175492/70175492.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"The U.S. Geological Survey has been given express permission by the publisher to provide full-text access online for this publication, and is posted with the express permission from the Publications Warehouse Guidance Subcommittee"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.03881835937499,\n 41.0130657870063\n ],\n [\n -111.03881835937499,\n 44.99588261816546\n ],\n [\n -104.073486328125,\n 44.99588261816546\n ],\n [\n -104.073486328125,\n 41.0130657870063\n ],\n [\n -111.03881835937499,\n 41.0130657870063\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publicComments":"The U.S. Geological Survey has been given express permission by the publisher to provide full-text access online for this publication, and is posted with the express permission from the Publications Warehouse Guidance Subcommittee","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b2e7c0e4b03bcb0102e921","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nielsen, Scott E.","contributorId":65190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nielsen","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aldridge, Cameron L. 0000-0003-3926-6941 aldridgec@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3926-6941","contributorId":191773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aldridge","given":"Cameron","email":"aldridgec@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":645475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hanser, Steven E. 0000-0002-4430-2073 shanser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4430-2073","contributorId":127554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanser","given":"Steven","email":"shanser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":645476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Leu, Matthias","contributorId":68393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leu","given":"Matthias","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Knick, Steven T. 0000-0003-4025-1704 steve_knick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4025-1704","contributorId":159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knick","given":"Steven","email":"steve_knick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":645478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70175491,"text":"70175491 - 2011 - Chapter 9: Occurrence of small mammals: Deer mice and challenge of trapping across large spatial extents","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70175491,"text":"70175491 - 2011 - Chapter 9: Occurrence of small mammals: Deer mice and challenge of trapping across large spatial extents","indexId":"70175491","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"chapter":"9","title":"Chapter 9: Occurrence of small mammals: Deer mice and challenge of trapping across large spatial extents"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70118768,"text":"70118768 - 2011 - Sagebrush ecosystem conservation and management: Ecoregional assessment tools and models for the Wyoming Basins","indexId":"70118768","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"title":"Sagebrush ecosystem conservation and management: Ecoregional assessment tools and models for the Wyoming Basins"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70118768,"text":"70118768 - 2011 - Sagebrush ecosystem conservation and management: Ecoregional assessment tools and models for the Wyoming Basins","indexId":"70118768","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"title":"Sagebrush ecosystem conservation and management: Ecoregional assessment tools and models for the Wyoming Basins"},"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-31T14:41:55.24332","indexId":"70175491","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-04T01:15:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"9","title":"Chapter 9: Occurrence of small mammals: Deer mice and challenge of trapping across large spatial extents","docAbstract":"Small mammal communities living in sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) may be sensitive to habitat isolation and invasion by exotic grass species. Yet there have been no spatially explicit models to improve our understanding of landscape-scale factors determining small mammal occurrence or abundance. We live-trapped small mammals at 186 locations in the Wyoming Basin Ecoregional Assessment area to develop species distribution (habitat) models for each species. Most small mammal species (n = 14) were trapped at a only few locations. As a result, we developed a small mammal model only for the deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus). Deer mice were associated with areas having moderately productive habitat as measured by Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), increased grassland land cover, contagion of sagebrush land cover, and proximity to intermittent water. The proportion of big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) within 0.27 km, proportion of mixed shrubland within 5 km, soil clay content, and proximity to pipelines were inversely related to the occurrence of deer mice. Understanding habitat characteristics for deer mice helps our overall understanding of the ecological processes within sagebrush habitats because deer mice act as predator, prey, competitor, and disease reservoir. Development of the empirical data necessary for spatially explicit habitat modeling of small mammal distributions at large spatial extents requires an extensive trapping effort in order to obtain enough observations to construct models, calculate robust detectability estimates, and overcome issues such as trap shyness and population cycling.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Sagebrush ecosystem conservation and management: Ecoregional assessment tools and models for the Wyoming Basins","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Allen Press","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, Kansas","isbn":"978-0-615-55530-0","usgsCitation":"Hanser, S.E., Leu, M., Aldridge, C.L., Nielsen, S.E., and Knick, S.T., 2011, Chapter 9: Occurrence of small mammals: Deer mice and challenge of trapping across large spatial extents, chap. 9 of Sagebrush ecosystem conservation and management: Ecoregional assessment tools and models for the Wyoming Basins, p. 337-356.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"337","endPage":"356","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326481,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":378029,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ja/70175491/70175491.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"The U.S. Geological Survey has been given express permission by the publisher to provide full-text access online for this publication, and is posted with the express permission from the Publications Warehouse Guidance Subcommittee"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.03881835937499,\n 41.0130657870063\n ],\n [\n -111.03881835937499,\n 44.99588261816546\n ],\n [\n -104.073486328125,\n 44.99588261816546\n ],\n [\n -104.073486328125,\n 41.0130657870063\n ],\n [\n -111.03881835937499,\n 41.0130657870063\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publicComments":"The U.S. Geological Survey has been given express permission by the publisher to provide full-text access online for this publication, and is posted with the express permission from the Publications Warehouse Guidance Subcommittee","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b2e7bfe4b03bcb0102e91c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hanser, Steven E. 0000-0002-4430-2073 shanser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4430-2073","contributorId":127554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanser","given":"Steven","email":"shanser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":645457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leu, Matthias","contributorId":68393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leu","given":"Matthias","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Aldridge, Cameron L. 0000-0003-3926-6941 aldridgec@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3926-6941","contributorId":191773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aldridge","given":"Cameron","email":"aldridgec@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":645459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nielsen, Scott E.","contributorId":65190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nielsen","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Knick, Steven T. 0000-0003-4025-1704 steve_knick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4025-1704","contributorId":159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knick","given":"Steven","email":"steve_knick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":645461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70043240,"text":"70043240 - 2011 - A westward extension of the warm pool leads to a westward extension of the Walker circulation, drying eastern Africa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-27T19:45:30.990936","indexId":"70043240","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1248,"text":"Climate Dynamics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A westward extension of the warm pool leads to a westward extension of the Walker circulation, drying eastern Africa","docAbstract":"Observations and simulations link anthropogenic greenhouse and aerosol emissions with rapidly increasing Indian Ocean sea surface temperatures (SSTs). Over the past 60 years, the Indian Ocean warmed two to three times faster than the central tropical Pacific, extending the tropical warm pool to the west by ~40° longitude (>4,000 km). This propensity toward rapid warming in the Indian Ocean has been the dominant mode of interannual variability among SSTs throughout the tropical Indian and Pacific Oceans (55°E–140°W) since at least 1948, explaining more variance than anomalies associated with the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). In the atmosphere, the primary mode of variability has been a corresponding trend toward greatly increased convection and precipitation over the tropical Indian Ocean. The temperature and rainfall increases in this region have produced a westward extension of the western, ascending branch of the atmospheric Walker circulation. Diabatic heating due to increased mid-tropospheric water vapor condensation elicits a westward atmospheric response that sends an easterly flow of dry air aloft toward eastern Africa. In recent decades (1980–2009), this response has suppressed convection over tropical eastern Africa, decreasing precipitation during the ‘long-rains’ season of March–June. This trend toward drought contrasts with projections of increased rainfall in eastern Africa and more ‘El Niño-like’ conditions globally by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Increased Indian Ocean SSTs appear likely to continue to strongly modulate the Warm Pool circulation, reducing precipitation in eastern Africa, regardless of whether the projected trend in ENSO is realized. These results have important food security implications, informing agricultural development, environmental conservation, and water resource planning.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s00382-010-0984-y","usgsCitation":"Williams, A.P., and Funk, C.C., 2011, A westward extension of the warm pool leads to a westward extension of the Walker circulation, drying eastern Africa: Climate Dynamics, v. 37, p. 2417-2435, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-010-0984-y.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"2417","endPage":"2435","ipdsId":"IP-024695","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475043,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-010-0984-y","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":270810,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Africa","volume":"37","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5167db62e4b0ec0efb666ef0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, A. 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Our goal was to assess the potential influence from threats to the sagebrush ecosystem on associated wildlife through the use of spatially explicit occurrence and abundance models. These models were developed using information from field surveys conducted along gradients of vegetation productivity and human disturbance integrated with spatial datasets delineating land cover, topography, and human land use in the WBEA area. Our evaluation included all sagebrush-associated wildlife species across multiple taxa whose habitat requirements and distributions were appropriate for modeling and interpretation at the broad scales of this assessment. Dominant land uses were included in delineating the human footprint. Although overall levels of the cumulative human footprint were generally low across the WBEA area, oil and gas activities have decreased the amount of shrubland habitats and increased fragmentation within development regions over the last century. At the scale of this assessment, the influence of humans was primarily expressed as an indirect function through actions that altered or reduced available habitat. We identified 65 plant species of conservation concern; 28 of 40 vertebrate species associated with sagebrush were species of concern in at least one state. We modeled environmental relationships for 15 wildlife species from data collected from surveys conducted in 2005 and 2006 designed to sample multiple species and taxa along land cover and land use gradients across the WBEA area. Occurrence of 3 species was negatively influenced by human features; anthropogenic features were a positive influence for 3 species, 8 had a mixed response, and 1 had no measurable relationship. Sagebrush land cover, considered in all wildlife models, was important to most species but differed among species in the proportion of sagebrush required and at what spatial extent. For most species examined, the spatial extent at which sagebrush cover influenced the probability of occupancy was much larger than an individual’s home range size. Exotic plants were strongly associated with human features, particularly roads, which may function as linear vectors to facilitate spread of exotic plants across the WBEA area. We used coarse-grained spatial and thematic data because of the large spatial extent (350,000 km2) of the WBEA area and the need for a consistent land cover map for the region. Distributions of species occurrence or abundance mapped in this assessment need to be corroborated with information on population demographics. In addition, our results should be interpreted relative to assumptions inherent in broad-scale ecoregional assessments. Our assessment provides managers with extensive and detailed maps of occurrence and abundance, allowing for status assessments of native species, diversity and richness, natural communities, and ecological systems present within the Wyoming Basins.
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Small populations are of particular interest because ecological theory suggests that they are vulnerable to the deleterious effects of environmental, demographic, and genetic stochasticity as well as natural and human-induced catastrophes. However, testing theory and developing applicable conservation measures for small populations is hampered by sparse data. This lack of information is frequently driven by computational issues with small data sets that can be confounded by the impacts of stressors. We present estimates of demographic parameters from a small population of Boreal Toads (Anaxyrus boreas) that has been surveyed since 2001 by using capture-recapture methods. Estimates of annual adult survival probability are high relative to other Boreal Toad populations, whereas estimates of recruitment rate are low. Despite using simple models, clear patterns emerged from the analyses, suggesting that population size is constrained by low recruitment of adults and is declining slowly. These patterns provide insights that are useful in developing management directions for this small population, and this study serves as an example of the potential for small populations to yield robust and useful information despite sample size constraints.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Herpetologica","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Herpetologists' League","publisherLocation":"http://www.herpetologistsleague.org","doi":"10.1655/HERPETOLOGICA-D-11-00016.1","usgsCitation":"Muths, E., and Scherer, R.D., 2011, Portrait of a small population of boreal toads (Anaxyrus boreas): Herpetologica, v. 67, no. 4, p. 369-377, https://doi.org/10.1655/HERPETOLOGICA-D-11-00016.1.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"369","endPage":"377","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257317,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":257315,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1655/HERPETOLOGICA-D-11-00016.1","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"67","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7dffe4b0c8380cd7a29a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muths, Erin 0000-0002-5498-3132","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5498-3132","contributorId":14012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muths","given":"Erin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scherer, Rick D.","contributorId":97368,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scherer","given":"Rick","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6674,"text":"Department of Integrative Biology, University of Colorado Denver","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":349460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70118843,"text":"70118843 - 2011 - Monitoring behaviors and activity of bats at wind turbines with near infrared videography","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-30T16:34:16","indexId":"70118843","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T16:33:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":18,"text":"Abstract or summary"},"title":"Monitoring behaviors and activity of bats at wind turbines with near infrared videography","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkTitle":"41st Annual meeting of the North American Society for Bat Research","language":"English","publisher":"The North American Society for Bat Research","publisherLocation":"Toronto, Canada","usgsCitation":"Cryan, P., Gorresen, P.M., Bonaccorso, F., and Hayes, M.A., 2011, Monitoring behaviors and activity of bats at wind turbines with near infrared videography, in 41st Annual meeting of the North American Society for Bat Research.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":291431,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57fe7fb5e4b0824b2d1478ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cryan, Paul M. 0000-0002-2915-8894","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2915-8894","contributorId":99685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cryan","given":"Paul M.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":497331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gorresen, P. 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Interestingly, but needing confirmation, Perlesta has been recently recorded from Central America (Gutiérrez-Fonseca and Springer 2011). Continued collecting and study of Perlesta from North Carolina by the authors revealed one additional undescribed species. Ten species of Perlesta currently have been recorded from North Carolina (Stark 1989, 2004, Kondratieff et al. 2006, 2008, Grubbs and DeWalt 2008). Additionally, new Perlesta species records are given for Virginia. 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R.","contributorId":29478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lenat","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70118842,"text":"70118842 - 2011 - Contaminants limit ecosystem potential, not average potential of ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-30T16:24:16","indexId":"70118842","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T16:23:41","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":18,"text":"Abstract or summary"},"title":"Contaminants limit ecosystem potential, not average potential of ecosystems","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkTitle":"Rocky Mountain Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","language":"English","publisher":"Rocky Mountain Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","usgsCitation":"Schmidt, T., Clements, W., and Cade, B.S., 2011, Contaminants limit ecosystem potential, not average potential of ecosystems, in Rocky Mountain Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":291429,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57fe7fb6e4b0824b2d1478f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmidt, Travis S. 0000-0003-1400-0637 tschmidt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1400-0637","contributorId":1300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Travis S.","email":"tschmidt@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":497326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clements, W.H.","contributorId":78855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clements","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cade, Brian S. 0000-0001-9623-9849 cadeb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9623-9849","contributorId":1278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cade","given":"Brian","email":"cadeb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":497325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70046514,"text":"70046514 - 2011 - Integrating field observations and inverse and forward modeling: application at a site with acidic, heavy-metal-contaminated groundwater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-29T09:47:43","indexId":"70046514","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T16:20:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"8","title":"Integrating field observations and inverse and forward modeling: application at a site with acidic, heavy-metal-contaminated groundwater","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geochemical modeling of groundwater: vadose and geothermal systems","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"CRC Press","publisherLocation":"Leiden","isbn":"9780415668101; 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Prior to seeding, the fallow strips were planted to forage sorghum or wheat in alternating strips (cover crops), with no grazing, moderate to heavy grazing, and mowing (grazing treatments) superimposed 4 yr after planting and studied for 3 yr. Plots previously in wheat had more annual and exotic species than sorghum plots. Concomitantly, there were much greater abundances of perennial native grass and all native species in sorghum than wheat cropped areas. The competitive advantage gained by seeded species in sorghum plots resulted in large increases in rhizomatous western wheatgrass. Sorghum is known to be allelopathic and is used in crop agriculture rotations to suppress weeds and increase crop yields, consistent with the responses of weed and desired native species in this study. Grazing treatment had relatively minor effects on basal and canopy cover composition of annual or exotic species versus perennial native grass or native species. Although grazing treatment never was a significant main effect, it occasionally modified cover crop or year effects. Opportunistic grazing reduced exotic cheatgrass by year 3 but also decreased the native palatable western wheatgrass. Mowing was a less effective weed control practice than grazing. Vegetative basal cover and aboveground primary production varied primarily with year. Common management practices for revegetation/restoration currently use herbicides and mowing as weed control practices and restrict grazing in all stages of development. Results suggest that allelopathic cover crop selection and opportunistic grazing can be effective alternative grass establishment and weed control practices. Susceptibility, resistance, and interactions of weed and seeded species to allelopathic cover species/cultivars may be a fruitful area of research.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Rangeland Ecology and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society for Range Management","publisherLocation":"Lakewood, CO","doi":"10.2111/REM-D-10-00117.1","usgsCitation":"Milchunas, D.G., Vandever, M., Ball, L.O., and Hyberg, S., 2011, Allelopathic cover crop prior to seeding is more important than subsequent grazing/mowing in grassland establishment: Rangeland Ecology and Management, v. 64, no. 3, p. 291-300, https://doi.org/10.2111/REM-D-10-00117.1.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"291","endPage":"300","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":291364,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":291363,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2111/REM-D-10-00117.1"}],"volume":"64","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57fe7fb6e4b0824b2d1478f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Milchunas, Daniel G.","contributorId":74263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milchunas","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vandever, Mark W.","contributorId":59870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vandever","given":"Mark W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ball, Leonard O.","contributorId":88282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ball","given":"Leonard","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hyberg, Skip","contributorId":90407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hyberg","given":"Skip","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70043655,"text":"70043655 - 2011 - Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of aquatic animal pathogens in a diagnostic laboratory setting","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-22T16:20:36","indexId":"70043655","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T16:01:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2177,"text":"Journal of Aquatic Animal Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of aquatic animal pathogens in a diagnostic laboratory setting","docAbstract":"Real-time, or quantitative, polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) is quickly supplanting other molecular methods for detecting the nucleic acids of human and other animal pathogens owing to the speed and robustness of the technology. As the aquatic animal health community moves toward implementing national diagnostic testing schemes, it will need to evaluate how qPCR technology should be employed. This review outlines the basic principles of qPCR technology, considerations for assay development, standards and controls, assay performance, diagnostic validation, implementation in the diagnostic laboratory, and quality assurance and control measures. These factors are fundamental for ensuring the validity of qPCR assay results obtained in the diagnostic laboratory setting.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Aquatic Animal Health","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/08997659.2011.620217","usgsCitation":"Purcell, M., Getchell, R.G., McClure, C.A., Weber, S., and Garver, K.A., 2011, Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of aquatic animal pathogens in a diagnostic laboratory setting: Journal of Aquatic Animal Health, v. 23, no. 3, p. 148-161, https://doi.org/10.1080/08997659.2011.620217.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"148","endPage":"161","numberOfPages":"14","ipdsId":"IP-027145","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275256,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":275100,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08997659.2011.620217"}],"volume":"23","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-10-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51ee5468e4b00ffbed48f8e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Purcell, Maureen K.","contributorId":104214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Purcell","given":"Maureen K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Getchell, Rodman G.","contributorId":32416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Getchell","given":"Rodman","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McClure, Carol A.","contributorId":93798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McClure","given":"Carol","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Weber, S.E.","contributorId":32429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weber","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Garver, Kyle A.","contributorId":77816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garver","given":"Kyle","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":474011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70044296,"text":"70044296 - 2011 - Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project (PlioMIP): experimental design and boundary conditions (Experiment 2)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-27T13:39:17","indexId":"70044296","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T15:59:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1818,"text":"Geoscientific Model Development","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project (PlioMIP): experimental design and boundary conditions (Experiment 2)","docAbstract":"The Palaeoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project has expanded to include a model intercomparison for the mid-Pliocene warm period (3.29 to 2.97 million yr ago). This project is referred to as PlioMIP (the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project). Two experiments have been agreed upon and together compose the initial phase of PlioMIP. The first (Experiment 1) is being performed with atmosphere-only climate models. The second (Experiment 2) utilises fully coupled ocean-atmosphere climate models. Following on from the publication of the experimental design and boundary conditions for Experiment 1 in Geoscientific Model Development, this paper provides the necessary description of differences and/or additions to the experimental design for Experiment 2.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geoscientific Model Development","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"European Geosciences Union","doi":"10.5194/gmd-4-571-2011","usgsCitation":"Haywood, A., Dowsett, H.J., Robinson, M.M., Stoll, D.K., Dolan, A., Lunt, D., Otto-Bliesner, B., and Chandler, M., 2011, Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project (PlioMIP): experimental design and boundary conditions (Experiment 2): Geoscientific Model Development, v. 4, no. 3, p. 571-577, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-4-571-2011.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"571","endPage":"577","ipdsId":"IP-028117","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475044,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-4-571-2011","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":275253,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":275249,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-4-571-2011"}],"volume":"4","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-07-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51ee5468e4b00ffbed48f8d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haywood, A.M.","contributorId":101050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haywood","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dowsett, Harry J. 0000-0003-1983-7524 hdowsett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1983-7524","contributorId":949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dowsett","given":"Harry","email":"hdowsett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Robinson, Marci M. 0000-0002-9200-4097 mmrobinson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9200-4097","contributorId":2082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"Marci","email":"mmrobinson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stoll, Danielle K.","contributorId":88236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stoll","given":"Danielle","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dolan, A.M.","contributorId":40818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dolan","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lunt, D.J.","contributorId":105127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lunt","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Otto-Bliesner, B.","contributorId":63589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Otto-Bliesner","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Chandler, M.A.","contributorId":26874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chandler","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ]}