{"pageNumber":"1783","pageRowStart":"44550","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184652,"records":[{"id":70118758,"text":"70118758 - 2011 - Herding sparrows for science: they're not just \"LBJs\"","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-30T09:13:40","indexId":"70118758","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T09:13:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Herding sparrows for science: they're not just \"LBJs\"","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Ruth, J.M., 2011, Herding sparrows for science: they're not just \"LBJs\", 1 p.","productDescription":"1 p.","numberOfPages":"1","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":291372,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57fe7fd9e4b0824b2d14798a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruth, Janet M. 0000-0003-1576-5957 janet_ruth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1576-5957","contributorId":1408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruth","given":"Janet","email":"janet_ruth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":497170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70118243,"text":"70118243 - 2011 - Geoinformatics in the public service: Building a cyberinfrastructure across the geological surveys","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-27T15:29:49.54325","indexId":"70118243","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T09:06:36","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Geoinformatics in the public service: Building a cyberinfrastructure across the geological surveys","docAbstract":"Advanced information technology infrastructure is increasingly being employed in the Earth sciences to provide researchers with efficient access to massive central databases and to integrate diversely formatted information from a variety of sources. These geoinformatics initiatives enable manipulation, modeling and visualization of data in a consistent way, and are helping to develop integrated Earth models at various scales, and from the near surface to the deep interior. This book uses a series of case studies to demonstrate computer and database use across the geosciences. Chapters are thematically grouped into sections that cover data collection and management; modeling and community computational codes; visualization and data representation; knowledge management and data integration; and web services and scientific workflows. Geoinformatics is a fascinating and accessible introduction to this emerging field for readers across the solid Earth sciences and an invaluable reference for researchers interested in initiating new cyberinfrastructure projects of their own.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geoinformatics: cyberinfrastructure for the solid Earth sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/CBO9780511976308.024","isbn":"9780511976308","usgsCitation":"Allison, M.L., Gundersen, L.C., and Richard, S.M., 2011, Geoinformatics in the public service: Building a cyberinfrastructure across the geological surveys, chap. <i>of</i> Geoinformatics: cyberinfrastructure for the solid Earth sciences, p. 342-349, https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511976308.024.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"342","endPage":"349","ipdsId":"IP-023878","costCenters":[{"id":501,"text":"Office of Science Quality and Integrity","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":391012,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57fe7fd9e4b0824b2d14798c","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Keller, G. Randy","contributorId":40602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keller","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"Randy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509924,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baru, Chaitanya","contributorId":113073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baru","given":"Chaitanya","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509925,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Allison, M. Lee","contributorId":82230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allison","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Lee","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gundersen, Linda C. lgundersen@usgs.gov","contributorId":238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gundersen","given":"Linda","email":"lgundersen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":501,"text":"Office of Science Quality and Integrity","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":496506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Richard, Stephen M.","contributorId":77064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richard","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70093650,"text":"70093650 - 2011 - Secular trends in the geologic record and the supercontinent cycle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-11T09:08:49","indexId":"70093650","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T09:05:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1431,"text":"Earth-Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Secular trends in the geologic record and the supercontinent cycle","docAbstract":"Geologic secular trends are used to refine the timetable of supercontinent assembly, tenure, and breakup. The analysis rests on what is meant by the term supercontinent, which here is defined broadly as a grouping of formerly dispersed continents. To avoid the artificial pitfall of an all-or-nothing definition, quantitative measures of “supercontinentality” are presented: the number of continents, and the area of the largest continent, which both can be gleaned from global paleogeographic maps for the Phanerozoic. For the secular trends approach to be viable in the deep past when the very existence of supercontinents is debatable and reconstructions are fraught with problems, it must first be calibrated in the Phanerozoic against the well-constrained Pangea supercontinent cycle. The most informative geologic variables covering both the Phanerozoic and Precambrian are the abundances of passive margins and of detrital zircons. Both fluctuated with size of the largest continent during the Pangea supercontinent cycle and can be quantified back to the Neoarchean. The tenure of Pangea was a time represented in the rock record by few zircons and few passive margins. Thus, previously documented minima in the abundance of detrital zircons (and orogenic granites) during the Precambrian (Condie et al., 2009a, Gondwana Research 15, 228–242) now can be more confidently interpreted as marking the tenures of supercontinents. The occurrences of carbonatites, granulites, eclogites, and greenstone-belt deformation events also appear to bear the imprint of Precambrian supercontinent cyclicity. Together, these secular records are consistent with the following scenario. The Neoarchean continental assemblies of Superia and Sclavia broke up at ca. 2300 and ca. 2090 Ma, respectively. Some of their fragments collided to form Nuna by about 1750 Ma; Nuna then grew by lateral accretion of juvenile arcs during the Mesoproterozoic, and was involved in a series of collisions at ca. 1000 Ma to form Rodinia. Rodinia broke up in stages from ca. 1000 to ca. 520 Ma. Before Rodinia had completely come apart, some of its pieces had already been reassembled in a new configuration, Gondwana, which was completed by 530 Ma. Gondwana later collided with Laurentia, Baltica, and Siberia to form Pangea by about 300 Ma. Breakup of Pangea began at about 180 Ma (Early Jurassic) and continues today. In the suggested scenario, no supercontinent cycle in Earth history corresponded to the ideal, in which all the continents were gathered together, then broke apart, then reassembled in a new configuration. Nuna and Gondwana ended their tenures not by breakup but by collision and name change; Rodinia's assembly overlapped in time with its disassembly; and Pangea spalled Tethyan microcontinents throughout much of its tenure. Many other secular trends show a weak or uneven imprint of the supercontinent cycle, no imprint at all. Instead, these secular trends together reveal aspects of the shifting background against which the supercontinents came and went, making each cycle unique. Global heat production declined; plate tectonics sped up through the Proterozoic and slowed down through the Phanerozoic; the atmosphere and oceans became oxidized; life emerged as a major geochemical agent; some rock types went extinct or nearly so (BIF, massif-type anorthosite, komatiite); and other rock types came into existence or became common (blueschists, bioclastic limestone, coal).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth-Science Reviews","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2011.05.003","usgsCitation":"Bradley, D., 2011, Secular trends in the geologic record and the supercontinent cycle: Earth-Science Reviews, v. 108, no. 1-2, p. 16-33, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2011.05.003.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"16","endPage":"33","ipdsId":"IP-022965","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282251,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":282250,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2011.05.003"}],"volume":"108","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd71bce4b0b29085107e0d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradley, Dwight 0000-0001-9116-5289 bradleyorchard2@gmail.com","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-5289","contributorId":2358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Dwight","email":"bradleyorchard2@gmail.com","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70250240,"text":"70250240 - 2011 - Florida Keys","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-29T15:00:27.26014","indexId":"70250240","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T08:57:40","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Florida Keys","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Encyclopedia of modern coral reefs: Structure, form and process","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-90-481-2639-2_79","usgsCitation":"Lidz, B.H., 2011, Florida Keys, chap. <i>of</i> Encyclopedia of modern coral reefs: Structure, form and process, p. 406-415, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2639-2_79.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"406","endPage":"415","ipdsId":"IP-009887","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":423043,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Florida Keys","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.06200017568993,\n              25.4594674401218\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.22051141531075,\n              25.527429348710243\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.33146928304569,\n              25.291186304282434\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.39487377889422,\n              25.21950631285057\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.62867785733539,\n              24.98984678341077\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.13591382412359,\n              24.752560203293683\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.42123405544147,\n              24.799334471915074\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.98791173708742,\n              24.579702833505095\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.81354937350397,\n              24.392171167602\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.85851915478631,\n              24.684166136439543\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.40279934087526,\n              24.98984678341077\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.06200017568993,\n              25.4594674401218\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lidz, Barbara H blidz@usgs.gov","contributorId":331885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lidz","given":"Barbara","email":"blidz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":889027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70250239,"text":"70250239 - 2011 - Airborne dust impacts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-29T14:48:19.126495","indexId":"70250239","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T08:46:30","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Airborne dust impacts","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Encyclopedia of modern coral reefs: Structure, form and process","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-90-481-2639-2_172","usgsCitation":"Shinn, E.A., and Lidz, B., 2011, Airborne dust impacts, chap. <i>of</i> Encyclopedia of modern coral reefs: Structure, form and process, p. 16-18, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2639-2_172.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"16","endPage":"18","ipdsId":"IP-015016","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":423042,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shinn, Eugene A","contributorId":331883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shinn","given":"Eugene","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":889025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lidz, Barbara H","contributorId":331884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lidz","given":"Barbara H","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":889026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70118896,"text":"70118896 - 2011 - Valuation of rangeland ecosystem services","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-31T08:47:12","indexId":"70118896","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T08:45:32","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":18,"text":"Abstract or summary"},"title":"Valuation of rangeland ecosystem services","docAbstract":"<p>Economic valuation lends itself well to the anthropocentric orientation of ecosystem services. An \neconomic perspective on ecosystems portrays them as natural assets providing a flow of goods and services \nvaluable to individuals and society collectively. A few examples include the purification of drinking water, \nreduced risk from flooding and other extreme events, pollination of agricultural crops, climate regulation, and \nrecreation opportunities from plant and animal habitat maintenance, among many others. Once these goods \nand services are identified and quantified, they can be monetized to complete the valuation process. The \nmonetization of ecosystem goods and services (in the form of dollars) provides a common metric that allows \nfor cross-comparison of attributes and evaluation of differing ecological scenarios.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Complicating the monetization process is the fact that most of these goods and services are public and \nnon-market in nature; meaning they are non-rival and non-exclusive and are typically not sold in a traditional \nmarket setting where monetary values are revealed. Instead, one must employ non-market valuation \ntechniques, with primary valuation methods typically being very time and resource consuming, intimidating to \nnon-economists, and often impractical. For these reasons, benefit transfer methods have gained popularity. \nThis methodology harnesses the primary collection results of existing studies to make inferences about the \neconomic values of non-market goods and services at an alternative policy site (in place and/or in time). For \ninstance, if a primary valuation study on oak reestablishment on rangelands in southern California yielded a \nvalue of $30 per-acre associated with water regulation, this result can be transferred, with some adjustments, \nto say something about the value of an acre of oaks on rangelands in northern portions of the state.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The economic valuation of rangeland ecosystem services has many roles. Economic values may be \nused as input into analyzing the costs and benefits associated with policies being proposed, or possibly already \nimplemented. For example, with monetized values acting as a common metric, one could compare the \n'benefits' of converting a rangeland ecosystem for commercial development (perhaps estimated at the market \nvalue of the developed land) with the foregone ecosystem service values (in addition to any land income lost) \nresulting from that land conversion. Similarly, ecosystem service values can be used to determine the level of \nreturn on an investment. rhis is a primary objective for private land conservation organizations who typically \nhave very limited resources. Ecosystem service valuation can also have a role in damage assessments from \nincidents that require compensation such as oil spills. Additionally, valuation can be very informative when \ninvestigating regulatory programs that trade ecological assets such as wetland mitigation programs. Typically \nthese programs are based simply on an 'acre for acre' criterion, and do not take into consideration varying \nwelfare values associated with that ecosystem. Lastly, and most fundamental, ecosystem service valuation \nserves as a recognition tool for people of all backgrounds. Identifying and valuing ecosystem goods and \nservices on rangelands brings to light the value these natural assets have to human welfare that often remain \nhidden do to their public and non-market attributes. This type of recognition is vital to the preservation of \nrangeland ecosystems in the future and the many ecological benefits they provide. </p>","largerWorkTitle":"California Rangelands Policy and Research Dialogue","language":"English","publisher":"Stanford University","publisherLocation":"Palo Alto, CA","usgsCitation":"Gascoigne, W., 2011, Valuation of rangeland ecosystem services, <i>in</i> California Rangelands Policy and Research Dialogue.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":291437,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53db584be4b0fba533fa35bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gascoigne, W.R.","contributorId":93400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gascoigne","given":"W.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70118894,"text":"70118894 - 2011 - Landsat imagery: a unique resource","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-31T08:41:27","indexId":"70118894","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T08:38:58","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Landsat imagery: a unique resource","docAbstract":"Landsat satellites provide high-quality, multi-spectral imagery of the surface of the Earth. These moderate-resolution, remotely sensed images are not just pictures, but contain many layers of data collected at different points along the visible and invisible light spectrum. These data can be manipulated to reveal what the Earth’s surface looks like, including what types of vegetation are present or how a natural disaster has impacted an area (Fig. 1).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Miller, H., Sexton, N., and Koontz, L., 2011, Landsat imagery: a unique resource, 1 p.","productDescription":"1 p.","numberOfPages":"1","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":291435,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53db5843e4b0fba533fa3586","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, H.","contributorId":57009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sexton, N.","contributorId":61519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sexton","given":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Koontz, L.","contributorId":54538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koontz","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70198937,"text":"70198937 - 2011 - Sulfide mineral oxidation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-29T07:42:17","indexId":"70198937","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T08:22:33","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Sulfide mineral oxidation","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Encyclopedia of geobiology","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Dordrecht ","isbn":"9781402092114","usgsCitation":"Nordstrom, D.K., 2011, Sulfide mineral oxidation, chap. <i>of</i> Encyclopedia of geobiology, p. 856-858.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"856","endPage":"858","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356766,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":356894,"rank":2,"type":{"id":1,"text":"Abstract"},"url":"https://www.springer.com/earth+sciences+and+geography/book/978-1-4020-9212-1"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98b489e4b0702d0e844b4b","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Reitner, Joachim","contributorId":50431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reitner","given":"Joachim","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743493,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thiel, V.","contributorId":207306,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thiel","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743494,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":743492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70199007,"text":"70199007 - 2011 - Arsenic","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-29T08:12:13","indexId":"70199007","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T08:10:34","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Arsenic","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Encyclopedia of geobiology","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4020-9212-1_12","usgsCitation":"Stolz, J.F., and Oremland, R., 2011, Arsenic, chap. <i>of</i> Encyclopedia of geobiology, p. 69-69, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9212-1_12.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"69","endPage":"69","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356899,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98b489e4b0702d0e844b4d","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Reitner, Joachim","contributorId":50431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reitner","given":"Joachim","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743752,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thiel, V.","contributorId":207306,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thiel","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743753,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Stolz, John F.","contributorId":47225,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stolz","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oremland, Ron roremlan@usgs.gov","contributorId":145773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oremland","given":"Ron","email":"roremlan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":743751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70207066,"text":"70207066 - 2011 - Source apportionment of atmospheric trace gases and particulate matter--Comparison of log-ratio and traditional approaches","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-05T07:52:59","indexId":"70207066","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T07:42:30","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Source apportionment of atmospheric trace gases and particulate matter--Comparison of log-ratio and traditional approaches","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Compositional Data Analysis, Girona, Spain: International Center for Numerical Methods in Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"CODAWORK '11: 4th international workshop on compositional data analysis","conferenceLocation":" Girona, Spain","language":"English","isbn":"978-84-87867-76-7","usgsCitation":"Engle, M.A., Peucker-Ehrenbrink, B., Martin-Fernandez, J.M., Krabbenhoft, D.P., Lamothe, P.J., Bothner, M., Olea, R.A., Kolker, A., and Tate, M., 2011, Source apportionment of atmospheric trace gases and particulate matter--Comparison of log-ratio and traditional approaches, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Compositional Data Analysis, Girona, Spain: International Center for Numerical Methods in Engineering,  Girona, Spain, 10 p.","productDescription":"10 p.","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":369943,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Engle, Mark A. 0000-0001-5258-7374 engle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5258-7374","contributorId":584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engle","given":"Mark","email":"engle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":776727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peucker-Ehrenbrink, Bernhard 0000-0002-3819-992X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3819-992X","contributorId":78657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peucker-Ehrenbrink","given":"Bernhard","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":776728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martin-Fernandez, Josep M.","contributorId":214785,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Martin-Fernandez","given":"Josep","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":28183,"text":"University of Girona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":776729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Krabbenhoft, David P. 0000-0003-1964-5020 dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-5020","contributorId":1658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"David","email":"dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":776730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lamothe, Paul J. plamothe@usgs.gov","contributorId":1298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamothe","given":"Paul","email":"plamothe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":776731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bothner, Michael H. mbothner@usgs.gov","contributorId":139855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bothner","given":"Michael H.","email":"mbothner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":776732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Olea, Ricardo A. 0000-0003-4308-0808 rolea@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4308-0808","contributorId":208109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olea","given":"Ricardo","email":"rolea@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":776733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kolker, Allan 0000-0002-5768-4533 akolker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5768-4533","contributorId":643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolker","given":"Allan","email":"akolker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":776734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Tate, Michael T. 0000-0003-1525-1219 mttate@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1525-1219","contributorId":3144,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tate","given":"Michael T.","email":"mttate@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":776735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70034511,"text":"70034511 - 2011 - Nutrient inputs to the Laurentian Great Lakes by source and watershed estimated using SPARROW watershed models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-06T12:29:45","indexId":"70034511","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nutrient inputs to the Laurentian Great Lakes by source and watershed estimated using SPARROW watershed models","docAbstract":"Nutrient input to the Laurentian Great Lakes continues to cause problems with eutrophication. To reduce the extent and severity of these problems, target nutrient loads were established and Total Maximum Daily Loads are being developed for many tributaries. Without detailed loading information it is difficult to determine if the targets are being met and how to prioritize rehabilitation efforts. To help address these issues, SPAtially Referenced Regressions On Watershed attributes (SPARROW) models were developed for estimating loads and sources of phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) from the United States (U.S.) portion of the Great Lakes, Upper Mississippi, Ohio, and Red River Basins. Results indicated that recent U.S. loadings to Lakes Michigan and Ontario are similar to those in the 1980s, whereas loadings to Lakes Superior, Huron, and Erie decreased. Highest loads were from tributaries with the largest watersheds, whereas highest yields were from areas with intense agriculture and large point sources of nutrients. Tributaries were ranked based on their relative loads and yields to each lake. Input from agricultural areas was a significant source of nutrients, contributing ∼33-44% of the P and ∼33-58% of the N, except for areas around Superior with little agriculture. Point sources were also significant, contributing ∼14-44% of the P and 13-34% of the N. Watersheds around Lake Erie contributed nutrients at the highest rate (similar to intensively farmed areas in the Midwest) because they have the largest nutrient inputs and highest delivery ratio.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","publisherLocation":"Herndon, VA","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00574.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Robertson, D.M., and Saad, D.A., 2011, Nutrient inputs to the Laurentian Great Lakes by source and watershed estimated using SPARROW watershed models: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 47, no. 5, p. 1011-1033, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00574.x.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"1011","endPage":"1033","numberOfPages":"23","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475054,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3307632","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":243625,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215799,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00574.x"}],"country":"Canada;United States","otherGeospatial":"Laurentian Great Lakes","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -92.11,41.4 ], [ -92.11,48.85 ], [ -76.3,48.85 ], [ -76.3,41.4 ], [ -92.11,41.4 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"47","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a693be4b0c8380cd73c12","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robertson, Dale M. 0000-0001-6799-0596 dzrobert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6799-0596","contributorId":150760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robertson","given":"Dale","email":"dzrobert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":446147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Saad, David A. dasaad@usgs.gov","contributorId":121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saad","given":"David","email":"dasaad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":446148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70175150,"text":"70175150 - 2011 - Chapter 1: Study area description","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70175150,"text":"70175150 - 2011 - Chapter 1: Study area description","indexId":"70175150","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"chapter":"1","title":"Chapter 1: Study area description"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70118768,"text":"70118768 - 2011 - Sagebrush ecosystem conservation and management: Ecoregional assessment tools and models for the Wyoming Basins","indexId":"70118768","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"title":"Sagebrush ecosystem conservation and management: Ecoregional assessment tools and models for the Wyoming Basins"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70118768,"text":"70118768 - 2011 - Sagebrush ecosystem conservation and management: Ecoregional assessment tools and models for the Wyoming Basins","indexId":"70118768","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"title":"Sagebrush ecosystem conservation and management: Ecoregional assessment tools and models for the Wyoming Basins"},"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-31T13:49:34.416218","indexId":"70175150","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T01:15:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"1","title":"Chapter 1: Study area description","docAbstract":"<p>The boundary for the Wyoming Basins Ecoregional Assessment (WBEA) was largely determined by the co-occurrence of some of the largest tracts of intact sagebrush (<i>Artemisia</i> spp.) remaining in the western United States with areas of increasing resource extraction. The WBEA area includes two ecoregions in their entirety, Wyoming Basins and Utah-Wyoming Rocky Mountains, and portions of two others (Southern Rocky Mountains and Middle Rockies-Blue Mountains). Over half the study area is in Wyoming; the remainder includes parts of Colorado, Utah, Idaho, and Montana. Private landowners manage most (33.1%) of the land base in the WBEA, followed by the U.S. Forest Service (27.3%) and U.S. Bureau of Land Management (25.6%). Sagebrush is the dominant land cover type in the study area, totaling &gt;130,000 km<sup>2</sup>; nearly half the sagebrush in the WBEA is managed by the U.S. Bureau of Land Management. Sagebrush in the WBEA faces many potential threats that also influence the broader sagebrush ecosystem. Climate change, drought, land-use practices (e.g., livestock grazing, oil and gas development), and human development have eliminated and fragmented the sagebrush ecosystem, altered fire regimes, and accelerated the invasion of exotic plants such as cheatgrass (<i>Bromus tectorum</i>). Less than 2% of sagebrush in the WBEA is permanently protected from land cover conversion.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Sagebrush ecosystem conservation and management: Ecoregional assessment tools and models for the Wyoming Basins","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Allen Press","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, Kansas","isbn":"978-0-615-55530-0","usgsCitation":"Rowland, M.M., and Leu, M., 2011, Chapter 1: Study area description, chap. 1 <i>of</i> Sagebrush ecosystem conservation and management: Ecoregional assessment tools and models for the Wyoming Basins, p. 10-45.","productDescription":"36 p.","startPage":"10","endPage":"45","numberOfPages":"36","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350495,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ja/70175150/70175150.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"The U.S. Geological Survey has been given express permission by the publisher to provide full-text access online for this publication, and is posted with the express permission from the Publications Warehouse Guidance Subcommittee"},{"id":325875,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.0569,40.9947 ], [ -111.0569,45.0059 ], [ -104.0522,45.0059 ], [ -104.0522,40.9947 ], [ -111.0569,40.9947 ] ] ] } } ] }","publicComments":"The U.S. Geological Survey has been given express permission by the publisher to provide full-text access online for this publication, and is posted with the express permission from the Publications Warehouse Guidance Subcommittee","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a072bee4b060ce18fb2e4d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rowland, Mary M.","contributorId":173292,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rowland","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leu, Matthias","contributorId":68393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leu","given":"Matthias","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70175156,"text":"70175156 - 2011 - Chapter 2: Sagebrush-associated species of conservation concern","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70175156,"text":"70175156 - 2011 - Chapter 2: Sagebrush-associated species of conservation concern","indexId":"70175156","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"chapter":"2","title":"Chapter 2: Sagebrush-associated species of conservation concern"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70118768,"text":"70118768 - 2011 - Sagebrush ecosystem conservation and management: Ecoregional assessment tools and models for the Wyoming Basins","indexId":"70118768","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"title":"Sagebrush ecosystem conservation and management: Ecoregional assessment tools and models for the Wyoming Basins"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70118768,"text":"70118768 - 2011 - Sagebrush ecosystem conservation and management: Ecoregional assessment tools and models for the Wyoming Basins","indexId":"70118768","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"title":"Sagebrush ecosystem conservation and management: Ecoregional assessment tools and models for the Wyoming Basins"},"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-31T13:52:12.090404","indexId":"70175156","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T01:15:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"2","title":"Chapter 2: Sagebrush-associated species of conservation concern","docAbstract":"<p>Selection of species of concern is a critical early step in conducting broad-scale ecological assessments for conservation planning and management. Many criteria can be used to guide this selection, such as conservation status, existing knowledge base, and association with plant communities of interest. In conducting the Wyoming Basins Ecoregional Assessment (WBEA), we followed a step-wise process to select vascular plant and vertebrate species of concern. Based on our selection process, we identified 65 taxa of sagebrush-associated (<i>Artemisia</i> spp.) vascular plants of conservation concern. The vast majority were forbs, and nearly all are found in Wyoming (n = 59; 91%), reflecting its central location and spatial dominance (51%) of the study area. Forty-eight plants (74%) were ranked either S1 or S2 (state-level ranks indicating imperilment due to rarity, threats, or other factors) in at least one state within the assessment area. Forty vertebrates of concern were selected for our assessment, including 17 mammals, 18 birds, and 4 reptiles. Among these were 7 vertebrates commonly considered sagebrush-obligate species: sagebrush lizard (<i>Sceloporus graciosus</i>), greater sage-grouse (<i>Centrocercus urophasianus</i>), sage thrasher (<i>Oreoscoptes montanus</i>), sage sparrow (<i>Amphispiza belli</i>), Brewer’s sparrow (S<i>pizella breweri</i>), pronghorn (<i>Antilocapra americana</i>), and pygmy rabbit (<i>Brachylagus idahoensis</i>). Several vertebrate species of concern in the Wyoming Basins are either rare or imperiled, including black-footed ferret (<i>Mustela nigripes</i>) and Wyoming pocket gopher (<i>Thomomys clusius</i>).</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Sagebrush ecosystem conservation and management: Ecoregional assessment tools and models for the Wyoming Basins","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Allen Press","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, Kansas","isbn":"978-0-615-55530-0","usgsCitation":"Rowland, M.M., Suring, L., Leu, M., Knick, S.T., and Wisdom, M.J., 2011, Chapter 2: Sagebrush-associated species of conservation concern, chap. 2 <i>of</i> Sagebrush ecosystem conservation and management: Ecoregional assessment tools and models for the Wyoming Basins, p. 46-68.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"46","endPage":"68","numberOfPages":"23","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325879,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":378011,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ja/70175156/70175156.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"The U.S. Geological Survey has been given express permission by the publisher to provide full-text access online for this publication, and is posted with the express permission from the Publications Warehouse Guidance Subcommittee"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -111.03881835937499,\n              41.0130657870063\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.03881835937499,\n              44.99588261816546\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.073486328125,\n              44.99588261816546\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.073486328125,\n              41.0130657870063\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.03881835937499,\n              41.0130657870063\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publicComments":"The U.S. Geological Survey has been given express permission by the publisher to provide full-text access online for this publication, and is posted with the express permission from the Publications Warehouse Guidance Subcommittee","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a072bce4b060ce18fb2e34","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rowland, Mary M.","contributorId":173292,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rowland","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Suring, Lowell H.","contributorId":172226,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Suring","given":"Lowell H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leu, Matthias","contributorId":68393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leu","given":"Matthias","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Knick, Steven T. 0000-0003-4025-1704 steve_knick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4025-1704","contributorId":159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knick","given":"Steven","email":"steve_knick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":644136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wisdom, Michael J.","contributorId":63934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wisdom","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70156316,"text":"70156316 - 2011 - Identifying biogeochemical processes beneath stormwater infiltration ponds in support of a new best management practice for groundwater protection","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-04T10:50:48","indexId":"70156316","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T01:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Identifying biogeochemical processes beneath stormwater infiltration ponds in support of a new best management practice for groundwater protection","docAbstract":"<p>&nbsp;When applying a stormwater infiltration pond best management practice (BMP) for protecting the quality of underlying groundwater, a common constituent of concern is nitrate. Two stormwater infiltration ponds, the SO and HT ponds, in central Florida, USA, were monitored. A temporal succession of biogeochemical processes was identified beneath the SO pond, including oxygen reduction, denitrification, manganese and iron reduction, and methanogenesis. In contrast, aerobic conditions persisted beneath the HT pond, resulting in nitrate leaching into groundwater. Biogeochemical differences likely are related to soil textural and hydraulic properties that control surface/subsurface oxygen exchange. A new infiltration BMP was developed and a full-scale application was implemented for the HT pond. Preliminary results indicate reductions in nitrate concentration exceeding 50% in soil water and shallow groundwater beneath the HT pond.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"GQ10 : Groundwater quality management in a rapidly changing world : proceedings of the seventh International groundwater quality conference held in Zurich, Switzerland, 13-18 June 2010","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"conferenceTitle":"GQ10: Groundwater quality management in a rapidly changing world","conferenceDate":"June 12-18 2010","conferenceLocation":"Zurich, Switzerland","language":"English","publisher":"International Association of Hydrological Sciences","publisherLocation":"Wallingford, England","isbn":"9781907161162 1907161163","usgsCitation":"O’Reilly, A.M., Chang, N., Wanielista, M.P., and Xuan, Z., 2011, Identifying biogeochemical processes beneath stormwater infiltration ponds in support of a new best management practice for groundwater protection, <i>in</i> GQ10 : Groundwater quality management in a rapidly changing world : proceedings of the seventh International groundwater quality conference held in Zurich, Switzerland, 13-18 June 2010, v. 342, Zurich, Switzerland, June 12-18 2010, p. 50-53.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"50","endPage":"53","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-020365","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":306959,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"342","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55d5a8b1e4b0518e3546a4c7","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Schirmer, Mario","contributorId":146654,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schirmer","given":"Mario","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568657,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoehn, Eduard","contributorId":146656,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoehn","given":"Eduard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568658,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vogt, Tobias","contributorId":146657,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vogt","given":"Tobias","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568659,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"O’Reilly, Andrew M. 0000-0003-3220-1248 aoreilly@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3220-1248","contributorId":2184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Reilly","given":"Andrew","email":"aoreilly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":5051,"text":"FLWSC-Orlando","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":568652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chang, Ni-Bin","contributorId":20205,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chang","given":"Ni-Bin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12564,"text":"Department of Biology, University of Central Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wanielista, Martin P.","contributorId":62069,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wanielista","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":12564,"text":"Department of Biology, University of Central Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Xuan, Zhemin","contributorId":48808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xuan","given":"Zhemin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70156825,"text":"70156825 - 2011 - Lead in birds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-26T16:08:26.580937","indexId":"70156825","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"16","title":"Lead in birds","docAbstract":"<p>Lead is a highly toxic heavy metal that acts as a nonspecific poison affecting all body systems and has no known biological requirement. Absorption of low concentrations may result in a wide range of sublethal effects in animals, and higher concentrations may result in mortality (Demayo et al. 1982).</p><p>Lead has been mined and smelted by humans for centuries, but the use of lead-based products increased greatly following the Industrial Revolution. Consequently, lead today is ubiquitous in air, water, and soil, in both urban and rural environments (Eisler 2000). Vertebrates are exposed to lead mainly via inhalation and ingestion. A proportion of lead entering the body is absorbed into the bloodstream and subsequently becomes distributed among body tissues, primarily the blood, liver, kidney, and bone. As a result of anthropogenic activities, most animals have higher tissue lead concentrations than in preindustrialized times. Although even very low tissue lead concentrations have some measurable physiological effects, the concentrations usually encountered in the wider environment (i.e., distant from lead emission sources) have not generally been considered to directly affect survival of most wildlife.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental contaminants in biota: Interpreting tissue concentrations","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1201/b10598-17","usgsCitation":"Franson, J., and Pain, D.J., 2011, Lead in birds, chap. 16 <i>of</i> Environmental contaminants in biota: Interpreting tissue concentrations, p. 563-593, https://doi.org/10.1201/b10598-17.","productDescription":"31 p.","startPage":"563","endPage":"593","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-013312","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475210,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1201/b10598-17","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":307699,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"2nd Edition","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57fe7fece4b0824b2d1479e3","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Beyer, W. Nelson 0000-0002-8911-9141 nbeyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8911-9141","contributorId":3301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beyer","given":"W.","email":"nbeyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Nelson","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570717,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meador, James Parnell","contributorId":147196,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meador","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"Parnell","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570718,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Franson, J. Christian 0000-0002-0251-4238 jfranson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0251-4238","contributorId":2157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franson","given":"J. Christian","email":"jfranson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":570715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pain, Deborah J.","contributorId":147195,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pain","given":"Deborah","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70156280,"text":"70156280 - 2011 - 2011 statistical abstract of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-18T15:31:03","indexId":"70156280","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"title":"2011 statistical abstract of the United States","docAbstract":"<p><span>&lt;p&gt;The &lt;i&gt;Statistical Abstract of the United States&lt;/i&gt;, published since 1878, is the authoritative and comprehensive summary of statistics on the social, political, and economic organization of the United States.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;br/&gt; &lt;p&gt;Use the Abstract as a convenient volume for statistical reference, and as a guide to sources of more information both in print and on the Web.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;br/&gt; &lt;p&gt;Sources of data include the Census Bureau, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Bureau of Economic Analysis, and many other Federal agencies and private organizations.&lt;/p&gt;</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"United States Census Bureau","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Krisanda, J.M., 2011, 2011 statistical abstract of the United States.","numberOfPages":"1407","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306890,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55d45729e4b0518e35469490","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krisanda, Joseph M. jkrisand@usgs.gov","contributorId":3980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krisanda","given":"Joseph","email":"jkrisand@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":568488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70156848,"text":"70156848 - 2011 - THE SKIN | Functional morphology of the integumentary system in fishes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-21T15:03:45","indexId":"70156848","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"THE SKIN | Functional morphology of the integumentary system in fishes","docAbstract":"<p><span>The integument that covers the outer surface of a fish&rsquo;s body and fins is a multifunctional organ, with morphological features highly adapted to carry out these functions. The integument consists of two layers. The outer layer, the epidermis, is essentially cellular in structure, comprised of a multilayered epithelium that usually includes specialized cells. The inner layer, the dermis, is primarily a fibrous structure with relatively few cells, although it may contain scales, nerves, blood vessels, adipose tissue, and pigment cells.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Encyclopedia of fish physiology","language":"English","publisher":"Academic Press","publisherLocation":"San Diego, CA","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-12-374553-8.00108-8","usgsCitation":"Elliott, D., 2011, THE SKIN | Functional morphology of the integumentary system in fishes, chap. <i>of</i> Encyclopedia of fish physiology, p. 476-488, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-374553-8.00108-8.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"476","endPage":"488","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307749,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"560bb690e4b058f706e53c2f","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Farrell, Anthony P.","contributorId":112534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farrell","given":"Anthony P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570826,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Elliott, D.G.","contributorId":58226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"D.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70138901,"text":"70138901 - 2011 - Sea otter abundance in Kenai Fjords national Park: Results from the 2010 aerial survey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-16T11:07:43.815422","indexId":"70138901","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":54,"text":"Natural Resource Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"title":"Sea otter abundance in Kenai Fjords national Park: Results from the 2010 aerial survey","docAbstract":"A sea otter aerial survey was completed in Kenai Fjords National Park (KEFJ) during June of 2010. This was the third aerial survey completed since 2002 along the Kenai Peninsula, the second specifically conducted within KEFJ. Survey methodology followed the Bodkin and Udevitz (1999) method which accounts for imperfect detection. The survey took two days to complete. The estimated sea otter population for KEFJ is 1322 individuals, with an overall density of 0.89/km2 . The 2010 population estimate is similar to that of 2007 (1511 individuals, 1.02/km2 ). Sea otters were not uniformly distributed along the coastline. Higher concentrations of sea otters were found near Sandy Bay, James Lagoon, along the moraine crossing McCarty\nFjord, Nuka Bay and Nuka Island. All observed otters were in the high density stratum, defined as the 0 m to 40 m depth contour and minimum distances from shore, while no sea otters were observed in the low density stratum, which is defined as the area within the 40m to 100 m depth contour. We recommend that prior to the next aerial sea otter survey in KEFJ (scheduled for 2013), a power simulation be conducted to evaluate methods to improve precision of estimates and the ability to detect change.","language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Coletti, H.A., Bodkin, J.L., and Esslinger, G.G., 2011, Sea otter abundance in Kenai Fjords national Park: Results from the 2010 aerial survey: Natural Resource Technical Report, viii, 12 p.","productDescription":"viii, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-026506","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328461,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":405153,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://irma.nps.gov/DataStore/DownloadFile/423783"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Kenai fjords","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -150.831298828125,\n              59.28833169203345\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.82031249999997,\n              59.701013531997326\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.05126953125,\n              60.28340847828243\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.677734375,\n              60.250715941504765\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.501953125,\n              59.94950917225228\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.47998046875,\n              59.734253447591364\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.49072265625,\n              59.33318942659219\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.7763671875,\n              59.277108010511675\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.831298828125,\n              59.28833169203345\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57d3dd3ce4b0571647d19ac6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coletti, Heather A.","contributorId":65768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coletti","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":539181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bodkin, James L. 0000-0003-1641-4438 jbodkin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1641-4438","contributorId":748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodkin","given":"James","email":"jbodkin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Esslinger, George G. 0000-0002-3459-0083 gesslinger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3459-0083","contributorId":131009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esslinger","given":"George","email":"gesslinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70156744,"text":"70156744 - 2011 - Fire in the Mediterranean Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-10T16:57:41.69426","indexId":"70156744","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"4","title":"Fire in the Mediterranean Basin","docAbstract":"<p>The Mediterranean Basin is a meeting point of three continents, Europe, Asia and Africa, and this is responsible for the great diversity of plants, animals and cultures that formed the cradle of Western civilization. It is considered one of the biodiversity hotspots (Myers<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"italic\">et al</span>. 2000) because of its high species richness and high proportion of endemisms (Thompson 2005). The total area showing a Mediterranean-type climate (MTC) is about 2.3 million km<sup><span class=\"sup\">2</span></sup>, with transitions toward temperate forest ecosystems (in the European mountains) and toward arid ecosystems (in North Africa and the Near East). It is not only the largest of the five MTC regions, but also the most geographically complex (with more than 40 000 km of rough coast in different peninsulas and islands) as well as the most socio-economically, culturally and politically varied. Elevations range up to 3756 m in the east (the highest peak in the Taurus mountains, Turkey) and up to 4167 m in the west (the highest peak in the Atlas mountains, Morocco). There are many volcanoes in Italy and the Aegean Islands, with frequent minor eruptions and rare major explosions. The MTC region of the basin corresponds to a narrow rim around the Mediterranean Sea (Fig. 4.1), and includes: (1) in southern Europe, most of the Iberian peninsula (Portugal and Spain), south of France, most of Italy and Greece, the coast of Croatia, Montenegro and Albania; (2) in southwest Asia (the Near East), Cyprus, Lebanon, Palestine, Israel, most of Turkey, and the coast of Syria; and (3) in North Africa (the Magreb), the north of Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco and small coastal areas of Libya. It also includes all the islands in the Mediterranean Sea.</p><p>In general terms, summers are hot and dry and winters are mild and relatively wet; winters may be cold in the interior areas with a continental climate influence (e.g. central Spain and central Turkey). The configuration of seas, peninsulas and islands, and the topographic complexity of the area, produce a great regional variety of weather and climate. Rainfall ranges from semi-arid conditions (&lt;300 mm) up to over 2000 mm, and peaks in autumn and spring (in the west) and in autumn and winter (in the east). Because of the air masses' trajectories, the wettest parts of the basin are typically the western parts of the peninsulas (Iberian, Italian and Balkan peninsulas). There are also clear gradients from the colder and wetter northwest (southern France and northern Iberia) to the hotter and more arid south and southeast parts of the basin (North Africa and the Near East). The temperature-moderating effect of the sea is highest in the west (Atlantic coast) and lessens toward the east (water temperatures rise from west to east).</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fire in Mediterranean ecosystems: Ecology, evolution and management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/CBO9781139033091.006","usgsCitation":"Keeley, J.E., Bond, W.J., Bradstock, R.A., Pausas, J.G., and Rundel, P.W., 2011, Fire in the Mediterranean Basin, chap. 4 <i>of</i> Fire in Mediterranean ecosystems: Ecology, evolution and management, p. 83-112, https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139033091.006.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"83","endPage":"112","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-018782","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307614,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mediterranean Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              27.421875,\n              27.761329874505233\n            ],\n            [\n              37.70507812499999,\n              31.80289258670676\n            ],\n            [\n              38.935546875,\n              37.16031654673677\n            ],\n            [\n              29.355468750000004,\n              41.178653972331674\n            ],\n            [\n              22.060546874999996,\n              41.50857729743935\n            ],\n            [\n              12.568359375,\n              47.100044694025215\n            ],\n            [\n              7.55859375,\n              45.521743896993634\n            ],\n            [\n              1.669921875,\n              43.77109381775651\n            ],\n            [\n              -6.15234375,\n              36.66841891894786\n            ],\n            [\n              -5.625,\n              33.137551192346145\n            ],\n            [\n              8.7890625,\n              35.53222622770337\n            ],\n            [\n              10.1953125,\n              31.728167146023935\n            ],\n            [\n              21.09375,\n              27.605670826465445\n            ],\n            [\n              27.421875,\n              27.371767300523047\n            ],\n            [\n              27.421875,\n              27.761329874505233\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57fe7fede4b0824b2d1479f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keeley, Jon E. 0000-0002-4564-6521 jon_keeley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":1268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon","email":"jon_keeley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bond, William J.","contributorId":81621,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bond","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bradstock, Ross A.","contributorId":42826,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bradstock","given":"Ross","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pausas, Juli G.","contributorId":91347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pausas","given":"Juli","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rundel, Philip W.","contributorId":107552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rundel","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70036432,"text":"70036432 - 2011 - Tsunami risk mapping simulation for Malaysia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-11T19:38:12.063762","indexId":"70036432","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Tsunami risk mapping simulation for Malaysia","docAbstract":"<p><span>The 26 December 2004 Andaman mega tsunami killed about a quarter of a million people worldwide. Since then several significant tsunamis have recurred in this region, including the most recent 25 October 2010 Mentawai tsunami. These tsunamis grimly remind us of the devastating destruction that a tsunami might inflict on the affected coastal communities. There is evidence that tsunamis of similar or higher magnitudes might occur again in the near future in this region. Of particular concern to Malaysia are tsunamigenic earthquakes occurring along the northern part of the Sunda Trench. Further, the Manila Trench in the South China Sea has been identified as another source of potential tsunamigenic earthquakes that might trigger large tsunamis. To protect coastal communities that might be affected by future tsunamis, an effective early warning system must be properly installed and maintained to provide adequate time for residents to be evacuated from risk zones. Affected communities must be prepared and educated in advance regarding tsunami risk zones, evacuation routes as well as an effective evacuation procedure that must be taken during a tsunami occurrence. For these purposes, tsunami risk zones must be identified and classified according to the levels of risk simulated. This paper presents an analysis of tsunami simulations for the South China Sea and the Andaman Sea for the purpose of developing a tsunami risk zone classification map for Malaysia based upon simulated maximum wave heights. Keywords: tsunami risk simulation, early warning system.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"WIT Transactions on the Built Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"conferenceTitle":"2nd International Conference on Disaster Management and Human Health: Reducing Risk, Improving Outcomes, Disaster Management 2011","conferenceDate":"May 11-13, 2011","conferenceLocation":"Orlando, FL","language":"English","publisher":" WIT Press","doi":"10.2495/DMAN110011","issn":"17433509","isbn":"9781845645366","usgsCitation":"Teh, S., Koh, H.L., Moh, Y., De Angelis, D.L., and Jiang, J., 2011, Tsunami risk mapping simulation for Malaysia, <i>in</i> WIT Transactions on the Built Environment, v. 119, Orlando, FL, May 11-13, 2011, p. 3-14, https://doi.org/10.2495/DMAN110011.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"3","endPage":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":488989,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2495/dman110011","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":246518,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218501,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2495/DMAN110011"}],"country":"Malaysia","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              99.84374999999999,\n              -0.4394488164139641\n            ],\n            [\n              124.45312499999999,\n              -0.4394488164139641\n            ],\n            [\n              124.45312499999999,\n              22.51255695405145\n            ],\n            [\n              99.84374999999999,\n              22.51255695405145\n            ],\n            [\n              99.84374999999999,\n              -0.4394488164139641\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"119","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb8ace4b08c986b3279dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Teh, S.Y.","contributorId":22969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Teh","given":"S.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Koh, H. L.","contributorId":44362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koh","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moh, Y.T.","contributorId":16259,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moh","given":"Y.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"De Angelis, D. L.","contributorId":66523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De Angelis","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jiang, J.","contributorId":35439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jiang","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70036327,"text":"70036327 - 2011 - US geological survey Circum-Arctic Resource Appraisal (CARA): Introduction and summary of organization and methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-19T19:24:49.448066","indexId":"70036327","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1784,"text":"Geological Society Memoir","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"chapter":"8","title":"US geological survey Circum-Arctic Resource Appraisal (CARA): Introduction and summary of organization and methods","docAbstract":"<p><span>The USGS has assessed undiscovered petroleum resources in the Arctic through geological mapping, basin analysis and quantitative assessment. The new map compilation provided the base from which geologists subdivided the Arctic for burial history modelling and quantitative assessment. The CARA was a probabilistic, geologically based study that used existing USGS methodology, modified somewhat for the circumstances of the Arctic. The assessment relied heavily on analogue modelling, with numerical input as lognormal distributions of sizes and numbers of undiscovered accumulations. Probabilistic results for individual assessment units were statistically aggregated taking geological dependencies into account. Fourteen papers in this Geological Society volume present summaries of various aspects of the CARA.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Geological Society of London","doi":"10.1144/M35.8","issn":"04354052","usgsCitation":"Charpentier, R., and Gautier, D.L., 2011, US geological survey Circum-Arctic Resource Appraisal (CARA): Introduction and summary of organization and methods: Geological Society Memoir, no. 35, p. 145-150, https://doi.org/10.1144/M35.8.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"145","endPage":"150","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246440,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218432,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1144/M35.8"}],"issue":"35","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f471e4b0c8380cd4bd31","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Charpentier, Ronald R.","contributorId":33674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Charpentier","given":"Ronald R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gautier, Donald L. gautier@usgs.gov","contributorId":1310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gautier","given":"Donald","email":"gautier@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":455538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70036329,"text":"70036329 - 2011 - An overview of the petroleum geology of the Arctic","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-19T18:08:08.736148","indexId":"70036329","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1784,"text":"Geological Society Memoir","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"chapter":"1","title":"An overview of the petroleum geology of the Arctic","docAbstract":"<p><span>Nine main petroleum provinces containing recoverable resources totalling 61 Bbbl liquids+269 Bbbloe of gas are known in the Arctic. The three best known major provinces are: West Siberia–South Kara, Arctic Alaska and Timan–Pechora. They have been sourced principally from, respectively, Upper Jurassic, Triassic and Devonian marine source rocks and their hydrocarbons are reservoired principally in Cretaceous sandstones, Triassic sandstones and Palaeozoic carbonates. The remaining six provinces except for the Upper Cretaceous–Palaeogene petroleum system in the Mackenzie Delta have predominantly Mesozoic sources and Jurassic reservoirs. There are discoveries in 15% of the total area of sedimentary basins (</span><i>c.</i><span>&nbsp;8×10</span><sup>6</sup><span>&nbsp;km</span><sup>2</sup><span>), dry wells in 10% of the area, seismic but no wells in 50% and no seismic in 25%. The United States Geological Survey estimate yet-to-find resources to total 90 Bbbl liquids+279 Bbbloe gas, with four regions – South Kara Sea, Alaska, East Barents Sea, East Greenland – dominating. Russian estimates of South Kara Sea and East Barents Sea are equally positive. The large potential reflects primarily the large undrilled areas, thick basins and widespread source rocks.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of London","doi":"10.1144/M35.1","issn":"04354052","usgsCitation":"Spencer, A., Embry, A., Gautier, D.L., Stoupakova, A., and Sorensen, K., 2011, An overview of the petroleum geology of the Arctic: Geological Society Memoir, no. 35, p. 1-15, https://doi.org/10.1144/M35.1.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"15","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246442,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218434,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1144/M35.1"}],"otherGeospatial":"Arctic","issue":"35","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f465e4b0c8380cd4bce8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spencer, A.M.","contributorId":16256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spencer","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Embry, A.F.","contributorId":63253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Embry","given":"A.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gautier, Donald L. gautier@usgs.gov","contributorId":1310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gautier","given":"Donald","email":"gautier@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":455544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stoupakova, A.V.","contributorId":41270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stoupakova","given":"A.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sorensen, K.","contributorId":78676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sorensen","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70036330,"text":"70036330 - 2011 - Palaeotsunamis in the Pacific Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-27T21:57:58.031804","indexId":"70036330","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1431,"text":"Earth-Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Palaeotsunamis in the Pacific Islands","docAbstract":"<p><span>The recent 29 September 2009 South Pacific and 27 February 2010 Chilean events are a graphic reminder that the tsunami hazard and risk for the Pacific Ocean region should not be forgotten. Pacific Islands Countries (PICs) generally have short (&lt;</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>150</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>years) historic records, which means that to understand their tsunami hazard and risk researchers must study evidence for prehistoric events. However, our current state of knowledge of palaeotsunamis in PICs as opposed to their circum-Pacific counterparts is minimal at best. We briefly outline the limited extent of our current knowledge and propose an innovative methodology for future research in the Pacific. Each PIC represents a point source of information in the Pacific Ocean and this would allow their palaeotsunami records to be treated akin to palaeo-DART® (Deep-ocean Assessment and Reporting of Tsunamis) buoys. Contemporaneous palaeotsunamis from local, regional and distant sources could be identified by using the spatial distribution of island records throughout the Pacific Ocean in conjunction with robust event chronologies. This would be highly innovative and, more importantly, would help provide the building blocks necessary to achieve more meaningful disaster risk reduction for PICs.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2010.10.005","usgsCitation":"Goff, J., Chague-Goff, C., Dominey-Howes, D., McAdoo, B., Cronin, S., Bonte-Grapetin, M.M., Nichol, S., Horrocks, M., Cisternas, M., Lamarche, G., Pelletier, B., Jaffe, B.E., and Dudley, W., 2011, Palaeotsunamis in the Pacific Islands: Earth-Science Reviews, v. 107, no. 1-2, p. 141-146, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2010.10.005.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"141","endPage":"146","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246475,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Austral Islands, Cook Islands, Henderson Island, Marquesas archipelago, New Zealand, Samoa, Society Islands, Vanuatu, Wallis & Futuna archipelago,","volume":"107","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a73aee4b0c8380cd771ab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goff, J.","contributorId":50730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goff","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chague-Goff, C.","contributorId":59651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chague-Goff","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dominey-Howes, D.","contributorId":15051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dominey-Howes","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McAdoo, B.","contributorId":56868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McAdoo","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cronin, S.","contributorId":48425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bonte-Grapetin, Michael M. 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,{"id":70036302,"text":"70036302 - 2011 - Exploring geophysical processes influencing U.S. West Coast precipitation and water supply","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:02","indexId":"70036302","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Exploring geophysical processes influencing U.S. West Coast precipitation and water supply","docAbstract":"CalWater Science Workshop; La Jolla, California, 8-10 June 2011 CalWater is a multiyear, multiagency research project with two primary research themes: the effects of changing climate on atmospheric rivers (ARs) and associated extreme events, and the potential role of aerosols in modulating cloud properties and precipitation, especially regarding orographic precipitation and water supply. Advances made in CalWater have implications for both water supply and flood control in California and other West Coast areas, both in the near term and in a changing climate.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2011EO410010","issn":"00963941","usgsCitation":"Ralph, F., Prather, K., and Cayan, D., 2011, Exploring geophysical processes influencing U.S. West Coast precipitation and water supply: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 92, no. 41, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011EO410010.","startPage":"352","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218492,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011EO410010"},{"id":246509,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"92","issue":"41","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-10-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0e24e4b0c8380cd532fa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ralph, F.M.","contributorId":39174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ralph","given":"F.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prather, K.","contributorId":56899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prather","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cayan, D.","contributorId":49563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cayan","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70036345,"text":"70036345 - 2011 - Seismic risk assessment and application in the central United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-18T21:13:48.704682","indexId":"70036345","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Seismic risk assessment and application in the central United States","docAbstract":"<p><span>Seismic risk is a somewhat subjective, but important, concept in earthquake engineering and other related decision-making. Another important concept that is closely related to seismic risk is seismic hazard. Although seismic hazard and seismic risk have often been used interchangeably, they are fundamentally different: seismic hazard describes the&nbsp;</span><i>natural phenomenon</i><span>&nbsp;or&nbsp;</span><i>physical property</i><span>&nbsp;of an earthquake, whereas seismic risk describes the&nbsp;</span><i>probability</i><span>&nbsp;of loss or damage that could be caused by a seismic hazard. The distinction between seismic hazard and seismic risk is of practical significance because measures for seismic hazard mitigation may differ from those for seismic risk reduction. Seismic risk assessment is a complicated process and starts with seismic hazard assessment. Although probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) is the most widely used method for seismic hazard assessment, recent studies have found that PSHA is not scientifically valid. Use of PSHA will lead to (1) artifact estimates of seismic risk, (2) misleading use of the annual probability of exccedance (i.e., the probability of exceedance in one year) as a frequency (per year), and (3) numerical creation of extremely high ground motion. An alternative approach, which is similar to those used for flood and wind hazard assessments, has been proposed.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geotechnical Special Publication","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"conferenceTitle":"GeoRisk 2011: Geotechnical Risk Assessment and Management","conferenceDate":"June 26-28, 2011","conferenceLocation":"Atlanta, GA","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","doi":"10.1061/41183(418)111","issn":"08950563","isbn":"9780784411834","usgsCitation":"Wang, Z., 2011, Seismic risk assessment and application in the central United States, <i>in</i> Geotechnical Special Publication, no. 224 GSP, Atlanta, GA, June 26-28, 2011, p. 1020-1027, https://doi.org/10.1061/41183(418)111.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1020","endPage":"1027","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246187,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218201,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41183(418)111"}],"issue":"224 GSP","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8b5ee4b08c986b3177a7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, Z.","contributorId":67976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
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