Geological features of NE Greenland suggest large petroleum potential, as well as high uncertainty and risk. The area was the prototype for development of methodology used in the US Geological Survey (USGS) Circum-Arctic Resource Appraisal (CARA), and was the first area evaluated. In collaboration with the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS), eight ‘assessment units’ (AU) were defined, six of which were probabilistically assessed. The most prospective areas are offshore in the Danmarkshavn Basin. This study supersedes a previous USGS assessment, from which it differs in several important respects: oil estimates are reduced and natural gas estimates are increased to reflect revised understanding of offshore geology. Despite the reduced estimates, the CARA indicates that NE Greenland may be an important future petroleum province.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Geological Society","doi":"10.1144/M35.43","issn":"04354052","usgsCitation":"Gautier, D.L., Stemmerik, L., Christiansen, F., Sorensen, K., Bidstrup, T., Bojesen-Koefoed, J.A., Bird, K.J., Charpentier, R., Houseknecht, D.W., Klett, T.R., Schenk, C.J., and Tennyson, M., 2011, Assessment of NE Greenland: Prototype for development of Circum-ArcticResource Appraisal methodology: Geological Society Memoir, no. 35, p. 663-672, https://doi.org/10.1144/M35.43.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"663","endPage":"672","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246521,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218504,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1144/M35.43"}],"issue":"35","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f46ce4b0c8380cd4bd13","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gautier, Donald L. gautier@usgs.gov","contributorId":1310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gautier","given":"Donald","email":"gautier@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":456419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stemmerik, L.","contributorId":40055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stemmerik","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Christiansen, F.G.","contributorId":101129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christiansen","given":"F.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sorensen, K.","contributorId":78676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sorensen","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bidstrup, T.","contributorId":33565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bidstrup","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bojesen-Koefoed, J. 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Winter precipitation is the primary water source for the alpine headwater lake in the Upper Colorado River Basin and lake water δ18O measurements reflect seasonal variations in precipitation δ18O. Holocene lake water δ18O variations are inferred from endogenic sedimentary calcite δ18O based on comparisons with historic watershed discharge records and tree-ring reconstructions. Drought periods (i.e., drier winters and/or a more rain-dominated seasonal precipitation balance) generally correspond with higher calcite δ18O values, and vice-versa. Early to middle Holocene δ18O values are higher, implying a rain-dominated seasonal precipitation balance. Lower, more variable δ18O values after ca. 3500 yr ago indicate a snow-dominated but more seasonally variable precipitation balance. The middle to late Holocene δ18O record corresponds with records of El Niño Southern Oscillation intensification that supports a teleconnection between Rocky Mountain climate and North Pacific sea-surface temperatures at decade to century time scales.
","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/G31575.1","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Anderson, L., 2011, Holocene record of precipitation seasonality from lake calcite δ18O in the central Rocky Mountains, United States: Geology, v. 39, no. 3, p. 211-214, https://doi.org/10.1130/G31575.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"211","endPage":"214","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245487,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217534,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G31575.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Bison Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.35020160675047,\n 39.762548108057686\n ],\n [\n -107.35020160675047,\n 39.767743695471715\n ],\n [\n -107.34217643737793,\n 39.767743695471715\n ],\n [\n -107.34217643737793,\n 39.762548108057686\n ],\n [\n -107.35020160675047,\n 39.762548108057686\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"39","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a31eee4b0c8380cd5e37b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, Lesleigh 0000-0002-5264-089X land@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5264-089X","contributorId":436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Lesleigh","email":"land@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70173650,"text":"70173650 - 2011 - Seabird use of discards from a nearshore shrimp fishery in the South Atlantic Bight, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-14T11:59:45.120878","indexId":"70173650","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2660,"text":"Marine Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seabird use of discards from a nearshore shrimp fishery in the South Atlantic Bight, USA","docAbstract":"Shrimp trawling is common throughout the southeastern and Gulf of Mexico coasts of the USA and is the primary contributor to fisheries discards in these regions. Tens of thousands of nearshore seabirds nest near shrimp trawling grounds in the USA, but to date, there has been no assessment of the relationship between seabirds and shrimp trawlers. We examined the taxonomic composition of bycatch, rate at which seabirds scavenged bycatch, and energy density of discarded bycatch in a nearshore commercial shrimp fishery. Bycatch was primarily comprised of demersal fish that are not typically accessible to the plunge-diving and surface-feeding seabirds that occur in the area. Hence, seabird diets in the region appear to be broadened taxonomically by the availability of discards. Results from discard experiments indicated that 70% of the nearly 5,500 items discarded by hand were scavenged by seabirds and that the fate of a discarded item was most strongly predicted by its taxonomic order. Laughing gulls scavenged the greatest proportion of discards, although brown pelicans were the only species to scavenge more discards than predicted based upon their abundance. Because this is the first such study in the region, it is difficult to ascertain the extent or intensity of the impact that discards have on nearshore seabirds. Nonetheless, our results suggest that it will be difficult for managers to clearly understand fluctuations in local seabird population dynamics without first understanding the extent to which these species rely upon discards. This may be especially problematic in situations where seabird populations are recovering following natural or anthropogenic stressors.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00227-011-1733-4","usgsCitation":"Jodice, P.G., Wickliffe, L.C., and Sachs, E.B., 2011, Seabird use of discards from a nearshore shrimp fishery in the South Atlantic Bight, USA: Marine Biology, v. 158, no. 10, p. 2289-2298, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-011-1733-4.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"2289","endPage":"2298","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-030401","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":384972,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.244140625,\n 32.63937487360669\n ],\n [\n -78.9697265625,\n 32.63937487360669\n ],\n [\n -78.9697265625,\n 34.016241889667015\n ],\n [\n -80.244140625,\n 34.016241889667015\n ],\n [\n -80.244140625,\n 32.63937487360669\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"158","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57594231e4b04f417c25698c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jodice, Patrick G.R. 0000-0001-8716-120X pjodice@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8716-120X","contributorId":1119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jodice","given":"Patrick","email":"pjodice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":637456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wickliffe, Lisa C.","contributorId":171480,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wickliffe","given":"Lisa","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sachs, Elena B.","contributorId":171481,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sachs","given":"Elena","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70036496,"text":"70036496 - 2011 - Volcanic versus anthropogenic carbon dioxide","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-05T12:16:35","indexId":"70036496","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Volcanic versus anthropogenic carbon dioxide","docAbstract":"Which emits more carbon dioxide (CO2): Earth's volcanoes or human activities? Research findings indicate unequivocally that the answer to this frequently asked question is human activities. However, most people, including some Earth scientists working in fields outside volcanology, are surprised by this answer. The climate change debate has revived and reinforced the belief, widespread among climate skeptics, that volcanoes emit more CO2 than human activities [Gerlach, 2010; Plimer, 2009]. In fact, present-day volcanoes emit relatively modest amounts of CO2, about as much annually as states like Florida, Michigan, and Ohio.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/2011EO240001","isbn":"00963941","usgsCitation":"Gerlach, T., 2011, Volcanic versus anthropogenic carbon dioxide: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 92, no. 24, p. 201-202, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011EO240001.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"201","endPage":"202","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":157,"text":"Cascades Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":218505,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011EO240001"},{"id":246522,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"92","issue":"24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc30ee4b08c986b32af27","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gerlach, T.","contributorId":106358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gerlach","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70036503,"text":"70036503 - 2011 - Using consumption rate to assess potential predators for biological control of white perch","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-07T18:17:45.286766","indexId":"70036503","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2585,"text":"Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using consumption rate to assess potential predators for biological control of white perch","docAbstract":"Control of undesirable fishes is important in aquatic systems, and using predation as a tool for biological control is an attractive option to fishery biologists. However, determining the appropriate predators for biological control is critical for success. The objective of this study was to evaluate the utility of consumption rate as an index to determine the most effective predators for biological control of an invasive fish. Consumption rate values were calculated for nine potential predators that prey on white perch Morone americana in Branched Oak and Pawnee reservoirs, Nebraska. The consumption rate index provided a unique and insightful means of determining the potential effectiveness of each predator species in controlling white perch. Cumulative frequency distributions facilitated interpretation by providing a graphical presentation of consumption rates by all individuals within each predator species. Largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides, walleye Sander vitreus and sauger S. canadensis were the most efficient white perch predators in both reservoirs; however, previous attempts to increase biomass of these predators have failed suggesting that successful biological control is unlikely using existing predator species in these Nebraska reservoirs.
","language":"English","publisher":"EDP Sciences","doi":"10.1051/kmae/2011028","issn":"19619502","usgsCitation":"Gosch, N., and Pope, K.L., 2011, Using consumption rate to assess potential predators for biological control of white perch: Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems, no. 403, 02, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1051/kmae/2011028.","productDescription":"02, 9 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487185,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1051/kmae/2011028","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":218588,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1051/kmae/2011028"},{"id":246614,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","county":"Lancaster","otherGeospatial":"Branched Oak Lake","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-96.9081,41.0476],[-96.7911,41.047],[-96.6815,41.046],[-96.679,41.0464],[-96.4626,41.0464],[-96.4635,41.0151],[-96.4646,40.9566],[-96.4653,40.8704],[-96.4642,40.7832],[-96.4638,40.7187],[-96.4638,40.5227],[-96.5709,40.5233],[-96.7966,40.5229],[-96.9122,40.5226],[-96.9138,40.6106],[-96.9137,40.6973],[-96.9106,40.6973],[-96.9102,40.9591],[-96.9112,41.0477],[-96.9081,41.0476]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Lancaster\",\"state\":\"NE\"}}]}","issue":"403","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc040e4b08c986b329ffd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gosch, N.J.C.","contributorId":66513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gosch","given":"N.J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pope, Kevin L. 0000-0003-1876-1687 kpope@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1876-1687","contributorId":1574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pope","given":"Kevin","email":"kpope@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":456455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70036580,"text":"70036580 - 2011 - Pore fluid geochemistry from the Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well, Alaska North Slope","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-29T20:00:43.658435","indexId":"70036580","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2682,"text":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pore fluid geochemistry from the Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well, Alaska North Slope","docAbstract":"The BPXA-DOE-USGS Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well was drilled and cored from 606.5 to 760.1 m on the North Slope of Alaska, to evaluate the occurrence, distribution and formation of gas hydrate in sediments below the base of the ice-bearing permafrost. Both the dissolved chloride and the isotopic composition of the water co-vary in the gas hydrate-bearing zones, consistent with gas hydrate dissociation during core recovery, and they provide independent indicators to constrain the zone of gas hydrate occurrence. Analyses of chloride and water isotope data indicate that an observed increase in salinity towards the top of the cored section reflects the presence of residual fluids from ion exclusion during ice formation at the base of the permafrost layer. These salinity changes are the main factor controlling major and minor ion distributions in the Mount Elbert Well. The resulting background chloride can be simulated with a one-dimensional diffusion model, and the results suggest that the ion exclusion at the top of the cored section reflects deepening of the permafrost layer following the last glaciation (∼100 kyr), consistent with published thermal models. Gas hydrate saturation values estimated from dissolved chloride agree with estimates based on logging data when the gas hydrate occupies more than 20% of the pore space; the correlation is less robust at lower saturation values. The highest gas hydrate concentrations at the Mount Elbert Well are clearly associated with coarse-grained sedimentary sections, as expected from theoretical calculations and field observations in marine and other arctic sediment cores.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2009.10.001","issn":"02648172","usgsCitation":"Torres, M., Collett, T.S., Rose, K., Sample, J., Agena, W.F., and Rosenbaum, E., 2011, Pore fluid geochemistry from the Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well, Alaska North Slope: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 28, no. 2, p. 332-342, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2009.10.001.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"332","endPage":"342","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245539,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217586,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2009.10.001"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"North Slope","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -167.6953125,\n 67.64267630796034\n ],\n [\n -140.44921875,\n 67.64267630796034\n ],\n [\n -140.44921875,\n 71.91088787611527\n ],\n [\n -167.6953125,\n 71.91088787611527\n ],\n [\n -167.6953125,\n 67.64267630796034\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"28","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7dc8e4b0c8380cd7a15d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Torres, M.E.","contributorId":58443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torres","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Collett, Timothy S. 0000-0002-7598-4708 tcollett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":1698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"Timothy","email":"tcollett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":456843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rose, K.K.","contributorId":102306,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"K.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sample, J.C.","contributorId":50006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sample","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Agena, Warren F. wagena@usgs.gov","contributorId":3181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Agena","given":"Warren","email":"wagena@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":456842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rosenbaum, E.J.","contributorId":37575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenbaum","given":"E.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70036445,"text":"70036445 - 2011 - Monitoring duration and extent of storm-surge and flooding in Western Coastal Louisiana marshes with Envisat ASAR data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-04T20:11:12.263698","indexId":"70036445","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1942,"text":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monitoring duration and extent of storm-surge and flooding in Western Coastal Louisiana marshes with Envisat ASAR data","docAbstract":"Inundation maps of coastal marshes in western Louisiana were created with multitemporal Envisat Advanced Synthetic Aperture (ASAR) scenes collected before and during the three months after Hurricane Rita landfall in September 2005. Corroborated by inland water-levels, 7 days after landfall, 48% of coastal estuarine and palustrine marshes remained inundated by storm-surge waters. Forty-five days after landfall, storm-surge inundated 20% of those marshes. The end of the storm-surge flooding was marked by an abrupt decrease in water levels following the passage of a storm front and persistent offshore winds. A complementary dramatic decrease in flood extent was confirmed by an ASAR-derived inundation map. In nonimpounded marshes at elevations <;80 cm, storm-surge waters rapidly receded while slower recession was dominantly associated with impounded marshes at elevations >;80 cm during the first month after Rita landfall. After this initial period, drainage from marshes-especially impounded marshes-was hastened by the onset of offshore winds. Following the abrupt drops in inland water levels and flood extent, rainfall events coinciding with increased water levels were recorded as inundation re-expansion. This postsurge flooding decreased until only isolated impounded and palustrine marshes remained inundated. Changing flood extents were correlated to inland water levels and largely occurred within the same marsh regions. Trends related to incremental threshold increases used in the ASAR change-detection analyses seemed related to the preceding hydraulic and hydrologic events, and VV and HH threshold differences supported their relationship to the overall wetland hydraulic condition.
","language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","doi":"10.1109/JSTARS.2010.2096201","usgsCitation":"Ramsey, E., Lu, Z., Suzuoki, Y., Rangoonwala, A., and Werle, D., 2011, Monitoring duration and extent of storm-surge and flooding in Western Coastal Louisiana marshes with Envisat ASAR data: IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, v. 4, no. 2, p. 387-399, https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2010.2096201.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"387","endPage":"399","numberOfPages":"13","ipdsId":"IP-017499","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246225,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.878173828125,\n 29.420460341013133\n ],\n [\n -91.900634765625,\n 29.420460341013133\n ],\n [\n -91.900634765625,\n 30.30176068632071\n ],\n [\n -93.878173828125,\n 30.30176068632071\n ],\n [\n -93.878173828125,\n 29.420460341013133\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5d9fe4b0c8380cd704b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ramsey, Elijah III 0000-0002-4518-5796 ramseye@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4518-5796","contributorId":195558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramsey","given":"Elijah","suffix":"III","email":"ramseye@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":456195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lu, Zhong 0000-0001-9181-1818 lu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9181-1818","contributorId":901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"Zhong","email":"lu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":456197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Suzuoki, Yukihiro","contributorId":25283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Suzuoki","given":"Yukihiro","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rangoonwala, Amina 0000-0002-0556-0598 rangoonwalaa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0556-0598","contributorId":3455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rangoonwala","given":"Amina","email":"rangoonwalaa@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":456196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Werle, Dirk","contributorId":82167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Werle","given":"Dirk","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70032303,"text":"70032303 - 2011 - Use of cranial characters in taxonomy of the Minnesota wolf (Canis sp.)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:57","indexId":"70032303","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1176,"text":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of cranial characters in taxonomy of the Minnesota wolf (Canis sp.)","docAbstract":"Minnesota wolves (Canis sp.) sometimes are reported to have affinity to a small, narrow-skulled eastern form (Canis lupus lycaon Schreber, 1775) and sometimes to a larger, broader western form (Canis lupus nubilus Say, 1823). We found that pre-1950 Minnesota wolf skulls were similar in size to those of wolves from southeastern Ontario and smaller than those of western wolves. However, Minnesota wolf skulls during 1970-1976 showed a shift to the larger, western form. Although Minnesota skull measurements after 1976 were unavailable, rostral ratios from 1969 through 1999 were consistent with hybridization between the smaller eastern wolf and the western form. Our findings help resolve the different taxonomic interpretations of Minnesota skull morphology and are consistent with molecular evidence of recent hybridization or intergradation of the two forms of wolves in Minnesota. Together these data indicate that eastern- and western-type wolves historically mixed and hybridized in Minnesota and continue to do so. Our findings are relevant to a recent government proposal to delist wolves from the endangered species list in Minnesota and surrounding states.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1139/Z11-097","issn":"00084301","usgsCitation":"Mech, L., Nowak, R.M., and Weisberg, S., 2011, Use of cranial characters in taxonomy of the Minnesota wolf (Canis sp.): Canadian Journal of Zoology, v. 89, no. 12, p. 1188-1194, https://doi.org/10.1139/Z11-097.","startPage":"1188","endPage":"1194","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215073,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/Z11-097"},{"id":242843,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"89","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbedee4b08c986b329820","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mech, L.D. 0000-0003-3944-7769","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":75466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mech","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nowak, R. M.","contributorId":51870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nowak","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weisberg, S.","contributorId":99775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weisberg","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70036643,"text":"70036643 - 2011 - A novel approach reveals that zinc oxide nanoparticles are bioavailable and toxic after dietary exposures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-10T12:27:17","indexId":"70036643","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2809,"text":"Nanotoxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A novel approach reveals that zinc oxide nanoparticles are bioavailable and toxic after dietary exposures","docAbstract":"If engineered nanomaterials are released into the environment, some are likely to end up associated with the food of animals due to aggregation and sorption processes. However, few studies have considered dietary exposure of nanomaterials. Here we show that zinc (Zn) from isotopically modified 67ZnO particles is efficiently assimilated by freshwater snails when ingested with food. The 67Zn from nano-sized 67ZnO appears as bioavailable as 67Zn internalized by diatoms. Apparent agglomeration of the zinc oxide (ZnO) particles did not reduce bioavailability, nor preclude toxicity. In the diet, ZnO nanoparticles damage digestion: snails ate less, defecated less and inefficiently processed the ingested food when exposed to high concentrations of ZnO. It was not clear whether the toxicity was due to the high Zn dose achieved with nanoparticles or to the ZnO nanoparticles themselves. Further study of exposure from nanoparticles in food would greatly benefit assessment of ecological and human health risks.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nanotoxicology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Informa UK, Ltd.","doi":"10.3109/17435390.2010.501914","issn":"17435390","usgsCitation":"Croteau, M.N., Dybowska, A., Luoma, S., and Valsami-Jones, E., 2011, A novel approach reveals that zinc oxide nanoparticles are bioavailable and toxic after dietary exposures: Nanotoxicology, v. 5, no. 1, p. 79-90, https://doi.org/10.3109/17435390.2010.501914.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"79","endPage":"90","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245575,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217618,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17435390.2010.501914"}],"volume":"5","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e4c6e4b0c8380cd46906","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Croteau, Marie Noele 0000-0003-0346-3580 mcroteau@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0346-3580","contributorId":895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Croteau","given":"Marie","email":"mcroteau@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Noele","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dybowska, A.D.","contributorId":85443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dybowska","given":"A.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Luoma, S. N.","contributorId":86353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"S. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Valsami-Jones, E.","contributorId":103088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valsami-Jones","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036419,"text":"70036419 - 2011 - A case study of alternative site response explanatory variables in Parkfield, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-12T17:12:07.604886","indexId":"70036419","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"A case study of alternative site response explanatory variables in Parkfield, California","docAbstract":"The combination of densely-spaced strong-motion stations in Parkfield, California, and spectral analysis of surface waves (SASW) profiles provides an ideal dataset for assessing the accuracy of different site response explanatory variables. We judge accuracy in terms of spatial coverage and correlation with observations. The performance of the alternative models is period-dependent, but generally we observe that: (1) where a profile is available, the square-root-of-impedance method outperforms VS30 (average S-wave velocity to 30 m depth), and (2) where a profile is unavailable, the topographic-slope method outperforms surficial geology. The fundamental site frequency is a valuable site response explanatory variable, though less valuable than VS30. However, given the expense and difficulty of obtaining reliable estimates of VS30 and the relative ease with which the fundamental site frequency can be computed, the fundamental site frequency may prove to be a valuable site response explanatory variable for many applications.
","largerWorkTitle":"Geotechnical Special Publication","conferenceTitle":"GeoRisk 2011: Geotechnical Risk Assessment and Management","conferenceDate":"June 26-28, 2011","conferenceLocation":"Atlanta, GA","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","doi":"10.1061/41183(418)25","issn":"08950563","isbn":"9780784411834","usgsCitation":"Thompson, E., Baise, L., Kayen, R.E., Morgan, E., and Kaklamanos, J., 2011, A case study of alternative site response explanatory variables in Parkfield, California, in Geotechnical Special Publication, no. 224, Atlanta, GA, June 26-28, 2011, p. 310-317, https://doi.org/10.1061/41183(418)25.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"310","endPage":"317","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246317,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218318,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41183(418)25"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Parkfield","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.52757263183594,\n 35.7615576149784\n ],\n [\n -120.28175354003906,\n 35.7615576149784\n ],\n [\n -120.28175354003906,\n 35.97800618085566\n ],\n [\n -120.52757263183594,\n 35.97800618085566\n ],\n [\n -120.52757263183594,\n 35.7615576149784\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","issue":"224","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e337e4b0c8380cd45eb3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thompson, E.M.","contributorId":104688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"E.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baise, L.G.","contributorId":6239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baise","given":"L.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kayen, R. E.","contributorId":14424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kayen","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morgan, E.C.","contributorId":66509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan","given":"E.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kaklamanos, J.","contributorId":38383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaklamanos","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70036417,"text":"70036417 - 2011 - Effects of environmental temperature on the dynamics of ichthyophoniasis in Juvenile Pacific Herring (Clupea pallasii)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-09T11:27:42","indexId":"70036417","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2415,"text":"Journal of Parasitology Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of environmental temperature on the dynamics of ichthyophoniasis in Juvenile Pacific Herring (Clupea pallasii)","docAbstract":"The effects of temperature and infection by Ichthyophonus were examined in juvenile Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii) maintained under simulated overwinter fasting conditions. In addition to defining parameters for a herring bioenergetics model (discussed in Vollenweider et al. this issue), these experiments provided new insights into factors influencing the infectivity and virulence of the parasite Ichthyophonus. In groups of fish with established disease, temperature variation had little effect on disease outcome. Ichthyophonus mortality outpaced that resulting from starvation alone. In newly infected fish, temperature variation significantly changed the mortality patterns related to disease. Both elevated and lowered temperatures suppressed disease-related mortality relative to ambient treatments. When parasite exposure dose decreased, an inverse relationship between infection prevalence and temperature was detected. These findings suggest interplay between temperature optima for parasite growth and host immune function and have implications for our understanding of how Ichthyophonus infections are established in wild fish populations.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Parasitology Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","doi":"10.1155/2011/563412","issn":"20900023","usgsCitation":"Gregg, J., Vollenweider, J.J., Grady, C., Heintz, R., and Hershberger, P., 2011, Effects of environmental temperature on the dynamics of ichthyophoniasis in Juvenile Pacific Herring (Clupea pallasii): Journal of Parasitology Research, v. 2011, 563412; 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/563412.","productDescription":"563412; 9 p.","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475345,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/563412","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":246286,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218287,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/563412"}],"volume":"2011","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a06e1e4b0c8380cd5146d","chorus":{"doi":"10.1155/2011/563412","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/563412","publisher":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","authors":"Gregg Jake L., Vollenweider Johanna J., Grady Courtney A., Heintz Ron A., Hershberger Paul K.","journalName":"Journal of Parasitology Research","publicationDate":"2011","auditedOn":"11/17/2014","publiclyAccessibleDate":"1/1/2011"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gregg, J.L.","contributorId":78521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gregg","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vollenweider, Johanna J.","contributorId":24601,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vollenweider","given":"Johanna","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grady, C.A.","contributorId":7929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grady","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Heintz, R.A.","contributorId":62418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heintz","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hershberger, P.K. 0000-0002-2261-7760","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2261-7760","contributorId":58818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hershberger","given":"P.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70036703,"text":"70036703 - 2011 - Beaver assisted river valley formation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-23T18:28:29.668747","indexId":"70036703","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Beaver assisted river valley formation","docAbstract":"We examined how beaver dams affect key ecosystem processes, including pattern and process of sediment deposition, the composition and spatial pattern of vegetation, and nutrient loading and processing. We provide new evidence for the formation of heterogeneous beaver meadows on riverine system floodplains and terraces where dynamic flows are capable of breaching in‐channel beaver dams. Our data show a 1.7‐m high beaver dam triggered overbank flooding that drowned vegetation in areas deeply flooded, deposited nutrient‐rich sediment in a spatially heterogeneous pattern on the floodplain and terrace, and scoured soils in other areas. The site quickly de‐watered following the dam breach by high stream flows, protecting the deposited sediment from future re‐mobilization by overbank floods. Bare sediment either exposed by scouring or deposited by the beaver flood was quickly colonized by a spatially heterogeneous plant community, forming a beaver meadow. Many willow and some aspen seedlings established in the more heavily disturbed areas, suggesting the site may succeed to a willow carr plant community suitable for future beaver re‐occupation. We expand existing theory beyond the beaver pond to include terraces within valleys. This more fully explains how beavers can help drive the formation of alluvial valleys and their complex vegetation patterns as was first postulated by Ruedemann and Schoonmaker in 1938.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rra.1359","issn":"15351459","usgsCitation":"Westbrook, C.J., Cooper, D., and Baker, B.W., 2011, Beaver assisted river valley formation: River Research and Applications, v. 27, no. 2, p. 247-256, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.1359.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"247","endPage":"256","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245547,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217593,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rra.1359"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.3641357421875,\n 39.70296052957233\n ],\n [\n -105.1885986328125,\n 39.70296052957233\n ],\n [\n -105.1885986328125,\n 40.9840449469281\n ],\n [\n -106.3641357421875,\n 40.9840449469281\n ],\n [\n -106.3641357421875,\n 39.70296052957233\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"27","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-02-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f037e4b0c8380cd4a660","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Westbrook, Cherie J.","contributorId":79705,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Westbrook","given":"Cherie","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cooper, D.J.","contributorId":89489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooper","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baker, Bruce W. bakerb@usgs.gov","contributorId":95401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"Bruce","email":"bakerb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":457434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70036644,"text":"70036644 - 2011 - Evidence for foraging -site fidelity and individual foraging behavior of pelagic cormorants rearing chicks in the Gulf of Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-03T14:49:35.829627","indexId":"70036644","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence for foraging -site fidelity and individual foraging behavior of pelagic cormorants rearing chicks in the Gulf of Alaska","docAbstract":"The Pelagic Cormorant (Phalacrocorax pelagicus) is the most widespread cormorant in the North Pacific, but little is known about its foraging and diving behavior. However, knowledge of seabirds' foraging behavior is important to understanding their function in the marine environment. In 2006, using GPS dataloggers, we studied the foraging behavior of 14 male Pelagic Cormorants rearing chicks on Middleton Island, Alaska. For foraging, the birds had high fidelity to a small area 8 km north of the colony. Within that area, the cormorants' diving activity was of two distinct kinds—near-surface dives (1–6 m) and benthic dives (28–33 m). Individuals were consistent in the depths of their dives, either mostly shallow or mostly deep. Few showed no depth preference. Dive duration, time at maximum depth, and pauses at the water surface between consecutive dives were shorter for shallow dives than for deep dives. The cormorants made dives of both types throughout the day, but the frequency of deep dives increased toward evening. Maximum foraging range was 9 km; maximum total distance traveled per trip was 43.4 km. Trip durations ranged from 0.3 to 7.7 hr. Maximum depth of a dive was 42.2 m, and duration of dives ranged from 4 to 120 sec. We found that Pelagic Cormorants at Middleton Island were faithful to one particular foraging area and individuals dived in distinct patterns. Distinct, specialized foraging behavior may be advantageous in reducing intra- and interspecific competition but may also render the species vulnerable to changing environmental conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1525/cond.2011.090158","usgsCitation":"Kotzerka, J., Hatch, S.A., and Garthe, S., 2011, Evidence for foraging -site fidelity and individual foraging behavior of pelagic cormorants rearing chicks in the Gulf of Alaska: Condor, v. 113, no. 1, p. 80-88, https://doi.org/10.1525/cond.2011.090158.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"80","endPage":"88","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475366,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1525/cond.2011.090158","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245576,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -134.93408203125,\n 56.353077613860826\n ],\n [\n -136.77978515625,\n 58.274843152138224\n ],\n [\n -139.37255859375,\n 59.478568831926395\n ],\n [\n -140.44921875,\n 59.7563950493563\n ],\n [\n -143.37158203125,\n 60.07580342475969\n ],\n [\n -144.25048828125,\n 60.02095215374802\n ],\n [\n -146.27197265625,\n 60.673178565817715\n ],\n [\n -147.45849609375,\n 61.03701223240187\n ],\n [\n -148.16162109375,\n 60.337823495982015\n ],\n [\n -149.677734375,\n 59.977005492196\n ],\n [\n -152.02880859375,\n 58.802361927759456\n ],\n [\n -153.6767578125,\n 56.74067435475299\n ],\n [\n -134.93408203125,\n 56.353077613860826\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"113","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d40e4b0c8380cd52ed8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kotzerka, J.","contributorId":13070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kotzerka","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hatch, Scott A. 0000-0002-0064-8187 shatch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-8187","contributorId":2625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"Scott","email":"shatch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Garthe, S.","contributorId":98571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garthe","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70036578,"text":"70036578 - 2011 - Failed magmatic eruptions: Late-stage cessation of magma ascent","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-07T15:15:46","indexId":"70036578","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1109,"text":"Bulletin of Volcanology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Failed magmatic eruptions: Late-stage cessation of magma ascent","docAbstract":"When a volcano becomes restless, a primary question is whether the unrest will lead to an eruption. Here we recognize four possible outcomes of a magmatic intrusion: \"deep intrusion\", \"shallow intrusion\", \"sluggish/viscous magmatic eruption\", and \"rapid, often explosive magmatic eruption\". We define \"failed eruptions\" as instances in which magma reaches but does not pass the \"shallow intrusion\" stage, i. e., when magma gets close to, but does not reach, the surface. Competing factors act to promote or hinder the eventual eruption of a magma intrusion. Fresh intrusion from depth, high magma gas content, rapid ascent rates that leave little time for enroute degassing, opening of pathways, and sudden decompression near the surface all act to promote eruption, whereas decreased magma supply from depth, slow ascent, significant enroute degassing and associated increases in viscosity, and impingement on structural barriers all act to hinder eruption. All of these factors interact in complex ways with variable results, but often cause magma to stall at some depth before reaching the surface. Although certain precursory phenomena, such as rapidly escalating seismic swarms or rates of degassing or deformation, are good indicators that an eruption is likely, such phenomena have also been observed in association with intrusions that have ultimately failed to erupt. A perpetual difficulty with quantifying the probability of eruption is a lack of data, particularly on instances of failed eruptions. This difficulty is being addressed in part through the WOVOdat database. Papers in this volume will be an additional resource for scientists grappling with the issue of whether or not an episode of unrest will lead to a magmatic eruption.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of Volcanology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s00445-010-0444-x","issn":"02588900","usgsCitation":"Moran, S., Newhall, C., and Roman, D., 2011, Failed magmatic eruptions: Late-stage cessation of magma ascent: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 73, no. 2, p. 115-122, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-010-0444-x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"115","endPage":"122","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":157,"text":"Cascades Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":217556,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00445-010-0444-x"},{"id":245509,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"73","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-02-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0edee4b0c8380cd53672","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moran, S.C. 0000-0001-7308-9649","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7308-9649","contributorId":78896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moran","given":"S.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Newhall, C.","contributorId":16557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newhall","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roman, D.C.","contributorId":52372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roman","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70036933,"text":"70036933 - 2011 - Effects of a low severity prescribed fire on water-soluble elements in ash from a cork oak (Quercus suber) forest located in the northeast of the Iberian Peninsula","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-07T12:22:00","indexId":"70036933","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1561,"text":"Environmental Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of a low severity prescribed fire on water-soluble elements in ash from a cork oak (Quercus suber) forest located in the northeast of the Iberian Peninsula","docAbstract":"Wildfire is the major disturbance in Mediterranean forests. Prescribed fire can be an alternative to reduce the amount of fuel and hence decrease the wildfire risk. However the effects of prescribed fire must be studied, especially on ash properties, because ash is an important nutrient source for ecosystem recovery. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of a low severity prescribed fire on water-soluble elements in ash including pH, electrical conductivity (EC), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), potassium (K), aluminum (Al), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), silica (SiO2) and total sulphur (TS). A prescribed fire was conducted in a cork oak (Quercus suber) (Q.S) forest located in the northeast part of the Iberian Peninsula. Samples were collected from a flat plot of 40×70 m mainly composed of Q.S and Quercus robur (Q.R) trees. In order to understand the effects of the prescribed fire on the soluble elements in ash, we conducted our data analysis on three data groups: all samples, only Q.S samples and only Q.R samples. All three sample groups exhibited a significant increase in pH, EC (p<0.001), water-soluble Ca, Mg, Na, SiO2and TS and a decrease in water-soluble Mn, Fe and Zn. Differences were identified between oak species for water-soluble K, Al and Fe. In Q.S samples we registered a significant increase in the first two elements p<0.001 and p<0.01, respectively, and a non-significant impact in the third, at p<0.05. In Q.R data we identified a non-significant impact on water-soluble K and Al and a significant decrease in water-soluble Fe (p<0.05). These differences are probably due to vegetation characteristics and burn severity. The fire induced a higher variability in the ash soluble elements, especially in Q.S samples, that at some points burned with higher severity. The increase of pH, EC, Ca, Mg, Na and K will improve soil fertility, mainly in the study area where soils are acidic. The application of this low severity prescribed fire will improve soil nutrient status without causing soil degradation and thus is considered to be a good management strategy.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2010.09.002","issn":"00139351","usgsCitation":"Pereira, P., beda, X., Martin, D.A., Mataix-Solera, J., and Guerrero, C., 2011, Effects of a low severity prescribed fire on water-soluble elements in ash from a cork oak (Quercus suber) forest located in the northeast of the Iberian Peninsula: Environmental Research, v. 111, no. 2, p. 237-247, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2010.09.002.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"237","endPage":"247","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217892,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2010.09.002"},{"id":245865,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"111","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0670e4b0c8380cd51245","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pereira, P.","contributorId":33947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pereira","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"beda, X.","contributorId":56072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"beda","given":"X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martin, Deborah A. 0000-0001-8237-0838 damartin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8237-0838","contributorId":1900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Deborah","email":"damartin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":458532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mataix-Solera, J.","contributorId":62861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mataix-Solera","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Guerrero, C.","contributorId":22611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guerrero","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70032299,"text":"70032299 - 2011 - Assessing the detail needed to capture rainfall-runoff dynamics with physics-based hydrologic response simulation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:25","indexId":"70032299","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing the detail needed to capture rainfall-runoff dynamics with physics-based hydrologic response simulation","docAbstract":"Concept development simulation with distributed, physics-based models provides a quantitative approach for investigating runoff generation processes across environmental conditions. Disparities within data sets employed to design and parameterize boundary value problems used in heuristic simulation inevitably introduce various levels of bias. The objective was to evaluate the impact of boundary value problem complexity on process representation for different runoff generation mechanisms. The comprehensive physics-based hydrologic response model InHM has been employed to generate base case simulations for four well-characterized catchments. The C3 and CB catchments are located within steep, forested environments dominated by subsurface stormflow; the TW and R5 catchments are located in gently sloping rangeland environments dominated by Dunne and Horton overland flows. Observational details are well captured within all four of the base case simulations, but the characterization of soil depth, permeability, rainfall intensity, and evapotranspiration differs for each. These differences are investigated through the conversion of each base case into a reduced case scenario, all sharing the same level of complexity. Evaluation of how individual boundary value problem characteristics impact simulated runoff generation processes is facilitated by quantitative analysis of integrated and distributed responses at high spatial and temporal resolution. Generally, the base case reduction causes moderate changes in discharge and runoff patterns, with the dominant process remaining unchanged. Moderate differences between the base and reduced cases highlight the importance of detailed field observations for parameterizing and evaluating physics-based models. Overall, similarities between the base and reduced cases indicate that the simpler boundary value problems may be useful for concept development simulation to investigate fundamental controls on the spectrum of runoff generation mechanisms. Copyright 2011 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Resources Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2010WR009906","issn":"00431397","usgsCitation":"Mirus, B., Ebel, B., Heppner, C., and Loague, K., 2011, Assessing the detail needed to capture rainfall-runoff dynamics with physics-based hydrologic response simulation: Water Resources Research, v. 47, no. 6, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010WR009906.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475213,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2010wr009906","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":215013,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010WR009906"},{"id":242778,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ede8e4b0c8380cd49ac0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mirus, B.B.","contributorId":68128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mirus","given":"B.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ebel, B.A.","contributorId":87772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ebel","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Heppner, C.S.","contributorId":37147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heppner","given":"C.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Loague, K.","contributorId":77307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loague","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70032298,"text":"70032298 - 2011 - Interactions between natural-occurring landscape conditions and land use influencing the abundance of riverine smallmouth bass, micropterus dolomieu","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:25","indexId":"70032298","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interactions between natural-occurring landscape conditions and land use influencing the abundance of riverine smallmouth bass, micropterus dolomieu","docAbstract":"This study examined how interactions between natural landscape features and land use influenced the abundance of smallmouth bass, Micropterus dolomieu, in Missouri, USA, streams. Stream segments were placed into one of four groups based on natural-occurring watershed characteristics (soil texture and soil permeability) predicted to relate to smallmouth bass abundance. Within each group, stream segments were assigned forest (n = 3), pasture (n = 3), or urban (n = 3) designations based on the percentages of land use within each watershed. Analyses of variance indicated smallmouth bass densities differed between land use and natural conditions. Decision tree models indicated abundance was highest in forested stream segments and lowest in urban stream segments, regardless of group designation. Land use explained the most variation in decision tree models, but in-channel features of temperature, flow, and sediment also contributed significantly. These results are unique and indicate the importance of natural-occurring watershed conditions in defining the potential of populations and how finer-scale filters interact with land use to further alter population potential. Smallmouth bass has differing vulnerabilities to land-use attributes, and the better the natural watershed conditions are for population success, the more resilient these populations will be when land conversion occurs.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1139/f2011-110","issn":"0706652X","usgsCitation":"Brewer, S., and Rabeni, C., 2011, Interactions between natural-occurring landscape conditions and land use influencing the abundance of riverine smallmouth bass, micropterus dolomieu: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 68, no. 11, p. 1922-1933, https://doi.org/10.1139/f2011-110.","startPage":"1922","endPage":"1933","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214982,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f2011-110"},{"id":242744,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"68","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3cc4e4b0c8380cd63011","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brewer, S.K.","contributorId":34284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brewer","given":"S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rabeni, C.F.","contributorId":67823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rabeni","given":"C.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70032297,"text":"70032297 - 2011 - Constraints on Lake Agassiz discharge through the late-glacial Champlain Sea (St. Lawrence Lowlands, Canada) using salinity proxies and an estuarine circulation model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:25","indexId":"70032297","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Constraints on Lake Agassiz discharge through the late-glacial Champlain Sea (St. Lawrence Lowlands, Canada) using salinity proxies and an estuarine circulation model","docAbstract":"During the last deglaciation, abrupt freshwater discharge events from proglacial lakes in North America, such as glacial Lake Agassiz, are believed to have drained into the North Atlantic Ocean, causing large shifts in climate by weakening the formation of North Atlantic Deep Water and decreasing ocean heat transport to high northern latitudes. These discharges were caused by changes in lake drainage outlets, but the duration, magnitude and routing of discharge events, factors which govern the climatic response to freshwater forcing, are poorly known. Abrupt discharges, called floods, are typically assumed to last months to a year, whereas more gradual discharges, called routing events, occur over centuries. Here we use estuarine modeling to evaluate freshwater discharge from Lake Agassiz and other North American proglacial lakes into the North Atlantic Ocean through the St. Lawrence estuary around 11.5 ka BP, the onset of the Preboreal oscillation (PBO). Faunal and isotopic proxy data from the Champlain Sea, a semi-isolated, marine-brackish water body that occupied the St. Lawrence and Champlain Valleys from 13 to 9 ka, indicate salinity fell about 7-8 (range of 4-11) around 11.5 ka. Model results suggest that minimum (1600 km3) and maximum (9500 km3) estimates of plausible flood volumes determined from Lake Agassiz paleoshorelines would produce the proxy-reconstructed salinity decrease if the floods lasted <1 day to 5 months and 1 month to 2 years, respectively. In addition, Champlain Sea salinity responds very quickly to the initiation (within days) and cessation (within weeks) of flooding events. These results support the hypothesis that a glacial lake flood, rather than a sustained routing event, discharged through the St. Lawrence Estuary during the PBO. ?? 2011 Elsevier Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Science Reviews","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2011.08.006","issn":"02773791","usgsCitation":"Katz, B., Najjar, R., Cronin, T., Rayburn, J., and Mann, M.E., 2011, Constraints on Lake Agassiz discharge through the late-glacial Champlain Sea (St. Lawrence Lowlands, Canada) using salinity proxies and an estuarine circulation model: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 30, no. 23-24, p. 3248-3257, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2011.08.006.","startPage":"3248","endPage":"3257","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214981,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2011.08.006"},{"id":242743,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"23-24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fa0ae4b0c8380cd4d8c6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Katz, Brian","contributorId":33484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katz","given":"Brian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Najjar, R.G.","contributorId":30063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Najjar","given":"R.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cronin, T.","contributorId":88061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rayburn, J.","contributorId":42446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rayburn","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mann, M. E.","contributorId":48354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mann","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70036731,"text":"70036731 - 2011 - Biophysical controls on accretion and elevation change in Caribbean mangrove ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-22T20:12:05.362229","indexId":"70036731","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1587,"text":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biophysical controls on accretion and elevation change in Caribbean mangrove ecosystems","docAbstract":"Habitat stability of coastal ecosystems, such as marshes and mangroves, depends on maintenance of soil elevations relative to sea level. Many such systems are characterized by limited mineral sedimentation and/or rapid subsidence and are consequently dependent upon accumulation of organic matter to maintain elevations. However, little field information exists regarding the contribution of specific biological processes to vertical accretion and elevation change. This study used biogenic mangrove systems in carbonate settings in Belize (BZ) and southwest Florida (FL) to examine biophysical controls on elevation change. Rates of elevation change, vertical accretion, benthic mat formation, and belowground root accumulation were measured in fringe, basin, scrub, and dwarf forest types plus a restored forest. Elevation change rates (mm yr−1) measured with Surface Elevation Tables varied widely: BZ-Dwarf (−3.7), BZ-Scrub (−1.1), FL-Fringe (0.6), FL-Basin (2.1), BZ-Fringe (4.1), and FL-Restored (9.9). Root mass accumulation varied across sites (82–739 g m−2 yr−1) and was positively correlated with elevation change. Root volumetric contribution to vertical change (mm yr−1) was lowest in BZ-Dwarf (1.2) and FL-Fringe (2.4), intermediate in FL-Basin (4.1) and BZ-Scrub (4.3), and highest in BZ-Fringe (8.8) and FL-Restored (11.8) sites. Surface growth of turf-forming algae, microbial mats, or accumulation of leaf litter and detritus also made significant contributions to vertical accretion. Turf algal mats in fringe and scrub forests accreted faster (2.7 mm yr−1) than leaf litter mats in basin forests (1.9 mm yr−1), but similarly to microbial mats in dwarf forests (2.1 mm yr−1). Surface accretion of mineral material accounted for only 0.2–3.3% of total vertical change. Those sites with high root contributions and/or rapid growth of living mats exhibited an elevation surplus (+2 to +8 mm yr−1), whereas those with low root inputs and low (or non-living) mat accumulation showed an elevation deficit (−1 to −5.7 mm yr−1). This study indicates that biotic processes of root production and benthic mat formation are important controls on accretion and elevation change in mangrove ecosystems common to the Caribbean Region. Quantification of specific biological controls on elevation provides better insight into how sustainability of such systems might be influenced by global (e.g., climate, atmospheric CO2) and local (e.g., nutrients, disturbance) factors affecting organic matter accumulation, in addition to relative sea-level rise.
We report remanent magnetization measurements from 13 sites in Cretaceous plutonic rocks in the northern Sierra Nevada (38°N–39.5°N). By increasing the number of available paleomagnetic sites, the new data tighten constraints on the displacement history of the Sierra Nevada block and its pre-extensional position relative to interior North America. We collected samples in freshly exposed outcrops along four highway transects. The rocks include diorite, granodiorite, and tonalite with potassium-argon ages (hornblende) ranging from 100 Ma to 83 Ma. By combining our results with previous paleomagnetic determinations from the central and southern Sierra Nevada (excluding sites from the rotated southern tip east of the White Wolf–Kern Canyon fault system), we find a mean paleomagnetic pole of 70.5°N, 188.2°E, A95 = 2.6° (N = 26, Fisher concentration parameter, K = 118). Thermal demagnetization indicates that the characteristic remanence is generally unblocked in a narrow range within 35 °C of the Curie temperature of pure magnetite. Small apparent polar wander during the Cretaceous normal-polarity superchron, plus prolonged acquisition of remanence at the site level, may account for the low dispersion of virtual geomagnetic poles and relatively large K value. Tilt estimates based on overlapping sediments, stream gradients, and thermochronology of the Sierra Nevada plutons vary from 0° to 3° down to the southwest. Without tilt correction, the mean paleomagnetic pole for the Sierra Nevada is essentially coincident with the North American reference pole during the Cretaceous stillstand (125 Ma to 80 Ma). At 95% confidence, the apparent latitude shift is 1.1° ± 3.0° (positive northward), and the apparent rotation is negligible, 0.0° ± 4.7°. Correcting for each degree of tilt, which is limited to 3° on geologic evidence, increases the rotation anomaly 2.2° counterclockwise, while the apparent latitude shift remains unchanged.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/L142.1","issn":"19418264","usgsCitation":"Hillhouse, J.W., and Gromme, S., 2011, Updated paleomagnetic pole from Cretaceous plutonic rocks of the Sierra Nevada, California: Tectonic displacement of the Sierra Nevada block: Lithosphere, v. 3, no. 4, p. 275-288, https://doi.org/10.1130/L142.1.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"275","endPage":"288","numberOfPages":"14","ipdsId":"IP-026002","costCenters":[{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475296,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/l142.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":217614,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/L142.1"},{"id":245571,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sierra Nevada","volume":"3","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbd18e4b08c986b328ec3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hillhouse, John W. 0000-0002-1371-4622 jhillhouse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1371-4622","contributorId":2618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hillhouse","given":"John","email":"jhillhouse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":456851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gromme, Sherman","contributorId":59318,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gromme","given":"Sherman","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70036699,"text":"70036699 - 2011 - Mark-recapture using tetracycline and genetics reveal record-high bear density","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-23T18:52:59.201999","indexId":"70036699","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mark-recapture using tetracycline and genetics reveal record-high bear density","docAbstract":"We used tetracycline biomarking, augmented with genetic methods to estimate the size of an American black bear (Ursus americanus) population on an island in Southeast Alaska. We marked 132 and 189 bears that consumed remote, tetracycline-laced baits in 2 different years, respectively, and observed 39 marks in 692 bone samples subsequently collected from hunters. We genetically analyzed hair samples from bait sites to determine the sex of marked bears, facilitating derivation of sex-specific population estimates. We obtained harvest samples from beyond the study area to correct for emigration. We estimated a density of 155 independent bears/100 km2 , which is equivalent to the highest recorded for this species. This high density appears to be maintained by abundant, accessible natural food. Our population estimate (approx. 1,000 bears) could be used as a baseline and to set hunting quotas. The refined biomarking method for abundance estimation is a useful alternative where physical captures or DNA-based estimates are precluded by cost or logistics
","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.171","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Peacock, E.L., Titus, K., Garshelis, D., Peacock, M.M., and Kuc, M., 2011, Mark-recapture using tetracycline and genetics reveal record-high bear density: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 75, no. 6, p. 1513-1520, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.171.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1513","endPage":"1520","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245484,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Kuiu Island and Kupreanof Island in the Alexander Archipelago of Southeast Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -135.52734375,\n 55.61558902526749\n ],\n [\n -133.30810546875,\n 55.61558902526749\n ],\n [\n -133.30810546875,\n 57.016814017391106\n ],\n [\n -135.52734375,\n 57.016814017391106\n ],\n [\n -135.52734375,\n 55.61558902526749\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"75","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-07-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a51fce4b0c8380cd6c095","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peacock, Elizabeth L. 0000-0001-7279-0329 lpeacock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7279-0329","contributorId":3361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peacock","given":"Elizabeth","email":"lpeacock@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":457421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Titus, Kimberly","contributorId":149923,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Titus","given":"Kimberly","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7058,"text":"Alaska Department of Fish and Game","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":457425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Garshelis, David L.","contributorId":89457,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garshelis","given":"David L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Peacock, Mary M.","contributorId":167605,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peacock","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":24774,"text":"Department of Natural Resources, College of Agriculture and Life","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":457422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kuc, Miroslaw","contributorId":11573,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuc","given":"Miroslaw","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70036363,"text":"70036363 - 2011 - Denitrification and inference of nitrogen sources in the karstic Floridan Aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-18T18:37:33.297526","indexId":"70036363","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1012,"text":"Biogeosciences Discussions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Denitrification and inference of nitrogen sources in the karstic Floridan Aquifer","docAbstract":"Aquifer denitrification is among the most poorly constrained fluxes in global and regional nitrogen budgets. The few direct measurements of denitrification in groundwaters provide limited information about its spatial and temporal variability, particularly at the scale of whole aquifers. Uncertainty in estimates of denitrification may also lead to underestimates of its effect on isotopic signatures of inorganic N, and thereby confound the inference of N source from these data. In this study, our objectives are to quantify the magnitude and variability of denitrification in the Upper Floridan Aquifer (UFA) and evaluate its effect on N isotopic signatures at the regional scale. Using dual noble gas tracers (Ne, Ar) to generate physical predictions of N2 gas concentrations for 112 observations from 61 UFA springs, we show that excess (i.e. denitrification-derived) N2 is highly variable in space and inversely correlated with dissolved oxygen (O2). Negative relationships between O2 and δ15NNO3 across a larger dataset of 113 springs, well-constrained isotopic fractionation coefficients, and strong 15N:18O covariation further support inferences of denitrification in this uniquely organic-matter-poor system. Despite relatively low average rates, denitrification accounted for 32 % of estimated aquifer N inputs across all sampled UFA springs. Back-calculations of source δ15NNO3 based on denitrification progression suggest that isotopically-enriched nitrate (NO−3 ) in many springs of the UFA reflects groundwater denitrification rather than urban- or animal-derived inputs.
","language":"English","publisher":"Biogeosciences","doi":"10.5194/bgd-8-10247-2011","issn":"18106277","usgsCitation":"Heffernan, J., Albertin, A., Fork, M., Katz, B., and Cohen, M., 2011, Denitrification and inference of nitrogen sources in the karstic Floridan Aquifer: Biogeosciences Discussions, v. 8, no. 5, p. 10247-10294, https://doi.org/10.5194/bgd-8-10247-2011.","startPage":"10247","endPage":"10294","numberOfPages":"48","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475192,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/bgd-8-10247-2011","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":246477,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218465,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-8-10247-2011"}],"country":"United 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G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cohen, M.J.","contributorId":25397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cohen","given":"M.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70036698,"text":"70036698 - 2011 - Chromium(VI) generation in vadose zone soils and alluvial sediments of the southwestern Sacramento Valley, California: a potential source of geogenic Cr(VI) to groundwater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-02T11:28:31","indexId":"70036698","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chromium(VI) generation in vadose zone soils and alluvial sediments of the southwestern Sacramento Valley, California: a potential source of geogenic Cr(VI) to groundwater","docAbstract":"Concentrations of geogenic Cr(VI) in groundwater that exceed the World Health Organization’s maximum contaminant level for drinking water (50 μg L−1) occur in several locations globally. The major mechanism for mobilization of this Cr(VI) at these sites is the weathering of Cr(III) from ultramafic rocks and its subsequent oxidation on Mn oxides. This process may be occurring in the southern Sacramento Valley of California where Cr(VI) concentrations in groundwater can approach or exceed 50 μg L−1. To characterize Cr geochemistry in the area, samples from several soil auger cores (approximately 4 m deep) and drill cores (approximately 25 m deep) were analyzed for total concentrations of 44 major, minor and trace elements, Cr associated with labile Mn and Fe oxides, and Cr(VI). Total concentrations of Cr in these samples ranged from 140 to 2220 mg per kg soil. Between 9 and 70 mg per kg soil was released by selective extractions that target Fe oxides, but essentially no Cr was associated with the abundant reactive Mn oxides (up to ~1000 mg hydroxylamine-reducible Mn per kg soil was present). Both borehole magnetic susceptibility surveys performed at some of the drill core sites and relative differences between Cr released in a 4-acid digestion versus total Cr (lithium metaborate fusion digestion) suggest that the majority of total Cr in the samples is present in refractory chromite minerals transported from ultramafic exposures in the Coast Range Mountains. Chromium(VI) in the samples studied ranged from 0 to 42 μg kg−1, representing a minute fraction of total Cr. Chromium(VI) content was typically below detection in surface soils (top 10 cm) where soil organic matter was high, and increased with increasing depth in the soil auger cores as organic matter decreased. Maximum concentrations of Cr(VI) were up to 3 times greater in the deeper drill core samples than the shallow auger cores. Although Cr(VI) in these vadose zone soils and sediments was only a very small fraction of the total solid phase Cr, they are a potentially important source for Cr(VI) to groundwater. Enhanced groundwater recharge through the vadose zone due to irrigation could carry Cr(VI) from the vadose zone to the groundwater and may be the mechanism responsible for the correlation observed between elevated Cr(VI) and NO3- source concentrations in previously published data for valley groundwaters. Incubation of a valley subsoil showed a Cr(VI) production rate of 24 μg kg−1 a−1 suggesting that field Cr(VI) concentrations could be regenerated annually. Increased Cr(VI) production rates in H+-amended soil incubations indicate that soil acidification processes such as nitrification of ammonium in fertilizers could potentially increase the occurrence of geogenic Cr(VI) in groundwater. Thus, despite the natural origin of the Cr, Cr(VI) generation in the Sacramento Valley soils and sediments has the potential to be influenced by human activities.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.05.023","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Mills, C., Morrison, J.M., Goldhaber, M.B., and Ellefsen, K.J., 2011, Chromium(VI) generation in vadose zone soils and alluvial sediments of the southwestern Sacramento Valley, California: a potential source of geogenic Cr(VI) to groundwater: Applied Geochemistry, v. 26, no. 8, p. 1488-1501, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.05.023.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1488","endPage":"1501","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245457,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217506,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.05.023"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.8,35.0 ], [ -122.8,40.7 ], [ -118.8,40.7 ], [ -118.8,35.0 ], [ -122.8,35.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"26","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f5e7e4b0c8380cd4c4a0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mills, Christopher T. 0000-0001-8414-1414","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8414-1414","contributorId":93308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mills","given":"Christopher T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morrison, Jean M. 0000-0002-6614-8783 jmorrison@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6614-8783","contributorId":994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrison","given":"Jean","email":"jmorrison@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goldhaber, Martin B. 0000-0002-1785-4243 mgold@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1785-4243","contributorId":1339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldhaber","given":"Martin","email":"mgold@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ellefsen, Karl J. 0000-0003-3075-4703 ellefsen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3075-4703","contributorId":789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellefsen","given":"Karl","email":"ellefsen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":82803,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":457417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}