Discovered by Galileo Galilei more than 400 years ago and imaged in detail by the Voyager 2 Galileo spacecraft, Jupiter’s icy moon Europa has been a source of intrigue. A range of science investigations indicate that it contains the key ingredients for habitability, notably energy, chemistry, and liquid water. Europa’s surface is geologically complex and, based on the dearth of impact craters, interpreted to be as young as ~60 Ma. The array of geologic features that characterize the surface include extensive ridged plains, regions of broad disruption termed chaotic terrain, long, quasi-linear ridges that span thousands of kilometers, and bands as much as 60 kilometers wide and that extend 100s of kilometers. These features, along with other geophysical measurements, indicate the presence of a global briny liquid water ocean beneath the ice shell. It was not until the arrival of the Galileo spacecraft in 1995 that the true nature and level of complexity of the surface was revealed. Although image data returned by Galileo provided insight into the structure of a variety of regions, the entire satellite has yet to be observed at a regional scale (less than 250 meters per pixel) and the detailed geologic nature of much of its surface remains a mystery. Establishing the global context of the distribution and timing of Europan geologic units forms a basis to understand regional and local scale processes, serves as a tool for the planning of future missions, and most of all is essential to gaining insight into the potential habitability of this icy world.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3513","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration","usgsCitation":"Leonard, E.J., Patthoff, D.A., and Senske, D.A, 2024, Global geologic map of Europa: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3513, scale 1:15,000,000, pamphlet 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3513.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 18 p.; Metadata: 2; Database; ReadMe; 1 Map: 53.61 × 28.32 inches","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-097718","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":435021,"rank":8,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P13ZCQK6","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Interactive Map: Global Geologic Map of Europa"},{"id":426471,"rank":7,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3513/sim3513_sheet.pdf","text":"Map Sheet","size":"12 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":426470,"rank":6,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3513/sim3513_readme.txt","size":"5 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}},{"id":426465,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3513/covrthb.jpg"},{"id":426469,"rank":5,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3513/sim3513_metadata.xml","size":"5 KB","linkFileType":{"id":8,"text":"xml"}},{"id":426466,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3513/sim3513_pamphlet.pdf","text":"Pamphlet","size":"2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":426467,"rank":3,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3513/sim3513_gis.zip","text":"Europa GIS","size":"150 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}},{"id":426468,"rank":4,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3513/sim3513_metadata.txt","size":"10 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}}],"contact":"Astrogeology Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2255 N. Gemini Dr.
Flagstaff, AZ 86001
Motivation is a topic that receives substantial interest across the social sciences. However, in the human dimensions of natural resource literature, scholars have primarily treated motivation as a construct narrowly defined by the individual’s desired goal state. In contrast, self-determination theory (SDT) suggests that multiple forms of motivation can influence levels of self-determination, integration of identities, and subsequent behavioral intentions, and has been utilized in multiple realms to understand human behavior. SDT forms a consistent and well-understood mechanism for human psychological development and optimal function and allows for the formulation of out-of-sample prediction, a cornerstone of science. In this manuscript, we review the basic theories that make up SDT and provide insight for its application to human dimensions of natural resource research.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/10871209.2023.2285017","usgsCitation":"Smith, K., Landon, A., Fulton, D.C., and Kyle, G., 2024, Self-determination theory as an alternate conceptual foundation for motivation in natural resource research: Human Dimensions of Wildlife: An International Journal, p. 1-9, https://doi.org/10.1080/10871209.2023.2285017.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"9","ipdsId":"IP-146763","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":433384,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Kyle","contributorId":342676,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Kyle","affiliations":[{"id":6626,"text":"University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Landon, Adam","contributorId":342679,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Landon","given":"Adam","affiliations":[{"id":6964,"text":"Minnesota Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fulton, David C. 0000-0001-5763-7887","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5763-7887","contributorId":333043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fulton","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":79716,"text":"Minnesota Cooperative Unit","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":910278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kyle, Gerard","contributorId":342682,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kyle","given":"Gerard","affiliations":[{"id":6626,"text":"University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70257496,"text":"70257496 - 2024 - A multi-sensor approach to characterize winter water-level drawdown patterns in lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-09T15:27:17.358733","indexId":"70257496","displayToPublicDate":"2024-03-08T08:20:32","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A multi-sensor approach to characterize winter water-level drawdown patterns in lakes","docAbstract":"Artificial manipulation of lake water levels through practices like winter water-level drawdown (WD) is prevalent across many regions, but the spatiotemporal patterns are not well documented due to limited in situ monitoring. Multi-sensor satellite remote sensing provides an opportunity to map and analyze drawdown frequency and metrics (timing, magnitude, duration) at broad scales. This study developed a cloud computing framework to process time series of synthetic aperture radar (Sentinel 1-SAR) and optical sensor (Landsat 8, Sentinel 2) data to characterize WD in 166 lakes across Massachusetts, USA, during 2016–2021. Comparisons with in situ logger data showed that the Sentinel 1-derived surface water area captured relative water-level fluctuations indicative of WD. A machine learning approach classified lakes as WD versus non-WD based on seasonal water-level fluctuations derived from Sentinel 1-SAR data. The framework mapped WD lakes statewide, revealing prevalence throughout Massachusetts with interannual variability. Results showed WDs occurred in over 75% of lakes during the study period, with high interannual variability in the number of lakes conducting WD. Mean WD magnitude was highest in the wettest year (2018) but % lake area exposure did not show any association with precipitation and varied between 8% to 12% over the 5-year period. WD start date was later and duration was longer in wet years, indicating climate mediation of WD implementation driven by management decisions. The data and tools developed provide an objective information resource to evaluate ecological impacts and guide management of this prevalent but understudied phenomenon. Overall, the results and interactive web tool developed as part of this study provide new hydrologic intelligence to inform water management and policies related to WD practices.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/rs16060947","usgsCitation":"Kumar, A., Roy, A.H., Andreadis, K., He, X., and Butler, C., 2024, A multi-sensor approach to characterize winter water-level drawdown patterns in lakes: Remote Sensing, v. 16, no. 6, 947, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16060947.","productDescription":"947, 23 p.","ipdsId":"IP-159744","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":440171,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16060947","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":433622,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","volume":"16","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kumar, Abhishek","contributorId":342795,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kumar","given":"Abhishek","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36396,"text":"University of Massachusetts","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":912753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roy, Allison H. 0000-0002-8080-2729 aroy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8080-2729","contributorId":4240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roy","given":"Allison","email":"aroy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":910548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Andreadis, Konstantinos","contributorId":258831,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Andreadis","given":"Konstantinos","affiliations":[{"id":52307,"text":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":912754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"He, Xinchen","contributorId":316775,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"He","given":"Xinchen","affiliations":[{"id":36396,"text":"University of Massachusetts","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":912755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Butler, Caitlyn","contributorId":316779,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Butler","given":"Caitlyn","affiliations":[{"id":36396,"text":"University of Massachusetts","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":912756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70256584,"text":"70256584 - 2024 - Multiple records of the introduced parthenogenetic Smooth-scaled Tegulet, Gymnophthalmus underwoodi Grant 1958, in Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-08-23T13:47:35.753973","indexId":"70256584","displayToPublicDate":"2024-03-08T07:10:24","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":16296,"text":"Reptiles and Amphibians","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Multiple records of the introduced parthenogenetic Smooth-scaled Tegulet, Gymnophthalmus underwoodi Grant 1958, in Puerto Rico","title":"Multiple records of the introduced parthenogenetic Smooth-scaled Tegulet, Gymnophthalmus underwoodi Grant 1958, in Puerto Rico","docAbstract":"The introduction of invasive species to islands can be devastating to local biota. While many invasive species’ successful colonization of new habitats can be attributed to features like high fecundity or low mate selectivity, parthenogenetic species pose a unique threat in their ability to reproduce asexually at high rates. The Smooth-scaled Tegulet (Gymnophthalmus underwoodi), first described from Barbados in the 1950s, has since been documented as an introduced species across additional Lesser and Greater Antillean islands as well as northwestern Brazil and Venezuela. Herein we report multiple individuals from Puerto Rico, including the first genetic records, which indicate that the individuals on this island are most closely related to populations recorded from Brazil and Montserrat. Additional genetic information is necessary to determine the timing and migration of this species across the Caribbean. Regardless, the continued geographic expansion of this parthenogen across the Caribbean could present a threat to local fauna.
","language":"English","publisher":"International Reptile Conservation Foundation","doi":"10.17161/randa.v31i1.21466","usgsCitation":"Rivera, D., Zegarra, J.P., Puente-Rolon, A.R., Arocho-Hernandez, N., Hostetter, N.J., Collazo, J.A., and Bell, R., 2024, Multiple records of the introduced parthenogenetic Smooth-scaled Tegulet, Gymnophthalmus underwoodi Grant 1958, in Puerto Rico: Reptiles and Amphibians, v. 31, no. 1, e21466, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.17161/randa.v31i1.21466.","productDescription":"e21466, 7 p.","ipdsId":"IP-160206","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":440175,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/randa.v31i1.21466","text":"External Repository"},{"id":433056,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Puerto Rico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -68.47165999073752,\n 19.312791519559113\n ],\n [\n -68.47165999073752,\n 17.26839554301793\n ],\n [\n -64.8241990532377,\n 17.26839554301793\n ],\n [\n -64.8241990532377,\n 19.312791519559113\n ],\n [\n -68.47165999073752,\n 19.312791519559113\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"31","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rivera, Danielle","contributorId":341248,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rivera","given":"Danielle","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zegarra, Jan P.","contributorId":341249,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zegarra","given":"Jan","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Puente-Rolon, Alberto R.","contributorId":341250,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Puente-Rolon","given":"Alberto","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":81721,"text":"University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Arocho-Hernandez, Nahíra","contributorId":341251,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arocho-Hernandez","given":"Nahíra","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hostetter, Nathan J. 0000-0001-6075-2157 nhostetter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6075-2157","contributorId":198843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hostetter","given":"Nathan","email":"nhostetter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":908144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Collazo, Jaime A. 0000-0002-1816-7744","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1816-7744","contributorId":217287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collazo","given":"Jaime","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":908145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bell, Rayna C.","contributorId":341252,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bell","given":"Rayna C.","affiliations":[{"id":12937,"text":"California Academy of Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70252095,"text":"70252095 - 2024 - The influence of anthropogenic regulation and evaporite dissolution on earthquake-triggered ground failure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-14T12:10:36.136417","indexId":"70252095","displayToPublicDate":"2024-03-08T07:03:39","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2842,"text":"Nature Communications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The influence of anthropogenic regulation and evaporite dissolution on earthquake-triggered ground failure","docAbstract":"Remote sensing observations of Searles Lake following the 2019 moment magnitude 7.1 Ridgecrest, California, earthquake reveal an area where surface ejecta is arranged in a repeating hexagonal pattern that is collocated with a solution-mining operation. By analyzing geologic and geotechnical data, here we show that the hexagonal surface ejecta is likely not a result of liquefaction. Instead, we propose dissolution cavity collapse (DCC) as an alternative driving mechanism. We support this theory with pre-event Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar data, which reveals differential subsidence patterns and the creation of subsurface void space. We also find that DCC is likely triggered at a lower shaking threshold than classical liquefaction. This and other unknown mechanisms can masquerade as liquefaction, introducing bias into liquefaction prediction models that rely on liquefaction inventories. This paper also highlights the opportunities and drawbacks of using remote sensing data to disentangle the complex factors that influence earthquake-triggered ground failure.
Fossil fuel dependence can be reduced, in part, by renewable energy expansion. Increasingly, renewable energy siting seeks to avoid significant impacts on biodiversity but rarely considers how species ranges will shift under climate change. Here we undertake a systematic literature review on the topic and overlay future renewable energy siting maps with the ranges of two threatened species under future climate scenarios to highlight this potential conflict.
The amplitude and frequency content of background seismic noise is highly variable with geographic location. Understanding the characteristics and behavior of background seismic noise as a function of location can inform approaches to improve network performance and in turn increase earthquake detection capabilities. Here, we calculate power spectral density estimates in one‐hour windows for over 15 yr of vertical‐component data from the nine‐station Caribbean network (CU) and look at background noise within the 0.05–300 s period range. We describe the most visually apparent features observed at the CU stations. One of the most prominent features occurs in the 0.75–3 s band for which power levels are systematically elevated and decay as a function of proximity to the coastline. Further examination of this band on 1679 contiguous USArray Transportable Array stations reveals the same relationship. Such a relationship with coastal distance is not observed in the 4–8 s range more typical of globally observed secondary microseisms. A simple surface‐wave amplitude decay model fits the observed decay well with geometric spreading as the most important factor for stations near the coast (<∼50 km). The model indicates that power levels are strongly influenced by proximity to coastline at 0.75–3 s. This may be because power from nearshore wave action at 0.75–3 s overwhelms more distant and spatially distributed secondary microseism generation. Application of this basic model indicates that a power reduction of ∼25 dB can be achieved by simply installing the seismometer 25 km away from the coastline. This finding may help to inform future site locations and array design thereby improving network performance and data quality, and subsequently earthquake detection capabilities.
The unprecedented 2018 summit collapse at Kīlauea and subsequent 2020–2021 eruption within the newly deepened Halema‘uma‘u Crater provide an unparalleled opportunity to understand how collapse events impact a volcano’s shallow reservoir system and magmatic processes. Glass and olivine from tephra ejected by lava fountains and several explosions on 20–21 December, within a few hours of the 2020 eruption onset, yield information about pre-eruptive magma storage and transport. The olivine population is bimodal with zoned and non-zoned phenocrysts. Normally zoned olivine crystals with core compositions around Fo88 have 30–50 μm wide Fo82 overgrowth rims that have skeletal textures. Two skeletal xenocrysts (cores Fo74 and Fo81) are also reversely zoned up to Fo82 rims. The crystal cores have trace element records of at least two cycles of growth and dissolution prior to the formation of the overgrowth rims. These rims and a separate population of non-zoned Fo82 crystals are in Fe–Mg equilibrium with their host glass (average MgO of 6.9 ± 0.4 wt% (1σ), Mg# [Mg / (Mg + Fe2+)] of 0.57), which suggests undercooling after intrusion of magma to shallow levels in the plumbing system. In the years prior to the 2018 collapse, non-zoned Fo81 olivine and slightly lower MgO glasses (6.8 wt%) reflected continuous mixing and compositional buffering of magma recharge into several km3 of stored magma in the Halema‘uma‘u reservoir (1–2 km depth). The 2020 olivine crystals lack evidence of an intrusion mixing with resident shallow magma, indicating that magma transport occurred in a disrupted system, and/or it may not have significantly mixed with stored magma remaining in the Halema‘uma‘u reservoir after the events of 2018. Diffusion modeling of Fe–Mg exchange in the zoned 2020 olivine crystals yield timescales that are mostly 60 days prior to the eruption or less, which aligns well with 22–24 October 2020 and subsequent seismic swarms at Nāmakani Paio ~ 5 km west of Kīlauea’s summit caldera. This correlation indicates that magma intruding beneath the summit (volume accommodation, recorded by the olivine crystals) was expressed by tectonic earthquakes along the Ka‘ōiki fault zone (stress accommodation). The absence of precursory SO2 within minutes prior to eruption also indicates that the 2020 December magma may have risen from 1 to 2 km depth to the surface in as little as 10 min.
The deep sea is the largest biome on earth, but one of the least studied despite its critical role in global carbon cycling and climate buffering. Deep-sea organisms largely rely on particulate organic matter from the surface ocean for energy – these organisms in turn play critical roles in energy transport, transformation, storage, and sequestration of carbon. Within the deep sea, submarine canyons are amongst the most complex and dynamic environments in our oceans, where varied morphology, powerful currents, and variable nutrient conditions influence the distribution of species and transport of organic material throughout the water column and the seafloor. Significant habitat heterogeneity provides ideal substrates for cold-water corals, making submarine canyons of interest to conservation and management. However, how these and other topographic features in the deep ocean influence energy flow and trophic pathways is poorly known. Thus, submarine canyons serve as model systems to track variability in organic material flux and consequential utilization and assimilation by the benthos. In this study, we used an extensive stable isotope dataset to examine food-web structure in Baltimore and Norfolk submarine canyons and compared them to their adjacent slopes located along the U.S. Atlantic margin. Linear models were used to construct geospatially-explicit consumer isoscapes that predicted variation in carbon and nitrogen isotopes across the canyon-slope seascape, providing a predictive map from which to test hypotheses on the distribution and flow of energy resources, relevant to understanding whole community function. Communities were composed of isotopically diverse feeding groups with photosynthetically-derived organic carbon providing the basal food resource. Canyon communities were distinct from the slope, with canyon consumers significantly 13C-depleted, indicating a greater supply and/or utilization of fresh organic matter compared to the slope. Isoscapes for benthic and suspension feeders were distinct, possibly due to the consumption of different quality organic matter sources (fresh = suspension feeders, old = benthic feeders), each with distinct isotope composition. To our knowledge, our modeled isoscapes represent the first spatially extensive isotopic maps of deep-sea consumers, providing insights into regional-scale variation in stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes for different consumer groups. They provide a baseline for tracking climate-change induced fluctuations in the quality and availability of surface primary production and the consequential impact to benthic communities, which play critical roles in carbon cycling in our world’s oceans.
To better understand stream-fish sensitivity to fine sediment, we documented assemblage-wide responses by selected traits along a sedimentation gradient. We then discuss the management implications of these ‘dose–response’ relations in the contexts of biotic assessments and conservation of sediment-sensitive species. We identified a spatial gradient in sediment deposition among streams within the upper Piedmont of the Roanoke River basin in North Carolina and Virginia. We assessed fine-sediment sensitivity of 81 species based on eight species traits stratified by four attributes: food preference, feeding location, spawning substrate and spawning behaviour. We then ranked each trait and scored each species with respect to its sediment sensitivity. Using data from electrofishing surveys during 2018–2019, we calculated proportional abundances of traits observed at 30 sites throughout the study area and grouped species by their aggregate sensitivity scores. We assessed relations between embeddedness and silt cover and occurrences of species and traits using a combination of regression and ordination approaches. All traits tested responded to embeddedness or silt cover, or both. Feeding traits exhibited the strongest responses to embeddedness, while reproductive traits exhibited the strongest responses to silt cover. Our findings indicate that negative responses of the probability of presence for high-sensitivity traits to embeddedness and silt cover were linear, with no apparent thresholds. Additionally, proportional abundances of species with multiple high-sensitivity traits were inversely related to embeddedness and silt cover. Overall, our findings regarding population-level responses to sedimentation were consistent with our findings for trait-specific responses. Our analysis of species sensitivity to fine sediment corroborated the patterns we saw in our trait-specific analyses, indicating that population responses to sedimentation can be predicted from combinations of species traits. The ‘dose–response’ relations we documented may be applicable to managing sediment impacts on fishes, especially in the contexts of biotic assessments and conservation of sediment-sensitive species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/eff.12768","usgsCitation":"Hirschler, M., Villamagna, A., Angermeier, P., and Laflamme, E., 2024, Deposited sediment influences occurrence of functional traits of stream fishes: Ecology of Freshwater Fish, v. 33, no. 3, e12768, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1111/eff.12768.","productDescription":"e12768, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-145426","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":440188,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eff.12768","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":432043,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Roanoke River drainage","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -79,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -81,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -81,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -79,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -79,\n 37\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"33","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hirschler, Mallory","contributorId":340556,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hirschler","given":"Mallory","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":35056,"text":"Plymouth State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Villamagna, Amy M.","contributorId":166683,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Villamagna","given":"Amy M.","affiliations":[{"id":35056,"text":"Plymouth State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Angermeier, Paul L. 0000-0003-2864-170X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2864-170X","contributorId":204519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angermeier","given":"Paul L.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":907361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Laflamme, Eric","contributorId":340558,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Laflamme","given":"Eric","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25550,"text":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70252054,"text":"70252054 - 2024 - Predicting redox conditions in groundwater at a national scale using random forest classification","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-26T15:02:02.331974","indexId":"70252054","displayToPublicDate":"2024-03-07T09:58:49","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5925,"text":"Environmental Science and Technology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting redox conditions in groundwater at a national scale using random forest classification","docAbstract":"Redox conditions in groundwater may markedly affect the fate and transport of nutrients, volatile organic compounds, and trace metals, with significant implications for human health. While many local assessments of redox conditions have been made, the spatial variability of redox reaction rates makes the determination of redox conditions at regional or national scales problematic. In this study, redox conditions in groundwater were predicted for the contiguous United States using random forest classification by relating measured water quality data from over 30,000 wells to natural and anthropogenic factors. The model correctly predicted the oxic/suboxic classification for 78 and 79% of the samples in the out-of-bag and hold-out data sets, respectively. Variables describing geology, hydrology, soil properties, and hydrologic position were among the most important factors affecting the likelihood of oxic conditions in groundwater. Important model variables tended to relate to aquifer recharge, groundwater travel time, or prevalence of electron donors, which are key drivers of redox conditions in groundwater. Partial dependence plots suggested that the likelihood of oxic conditions in groundwater decreased sharply as streams were approached and gradually as the depth below the water table increased. The probability of oxic groundwater increased as base flow index values increased, likely due to the prevalence of well-drained soils and geologic materials in high base flow index areas. The likelihood of oxic conditions increased as topographic wetness index (TWI) values decreased. High topographic wetness index values occur in areas with a propensity for standing water and overland flow, conditions that limit the delivery of dissolved oxygen to groundwater by recharge; higher TWI values also tend to occur in discharge areas, which may contain groundwater with long travel times. A second model was developed to predict the probability of elevated manganese (Mn) concentrations in groundwater (i.e., ≥50 μg/L). The Mn model relied on many of the same variables as the oxic/suboxic model and may be used to identify areas where Mn-reducing conditions occur and where there is an increased risk to domestic water supplies due to high Mn concentrations. Model predictions of redox conditions in groundwater produced in this study may help identify regions of the country with elevated groundwater vulnerability and stream vulnerability to groundwater-derived contaminants.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.3c07576","usgsCitation":"Tesoriero, A.J., Wherry, S., Dupuy, D., and Johnson, T., 2024, Predicting redox conditions in groundwater at a national scale using random forest classification: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 58, no. 11, p. 5079-5092, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c07576.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"5079","endPage":"5092","ipdsId":"IP-154897","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":440191,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c07576","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435024,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9DVPJIX","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Input and results from a random forest 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]\n}","volume":"58","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tesoriero, Anthony J. 0000-0003-4674-7364 tesorier@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4674-7364","contributorId":2693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tesoriero","given":"Anthony","email":"tesorier@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":896391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wherry, Susan 0000-0002-6749-8697 swherry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6749-8697","contributorId":140159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wherry","given":"Susan","email":"swherry@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":896392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dupuy, Danielle 0000-0001-9007-641X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9007-641X","contributorId":222277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dupuy","given":"Danielle","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":896393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, Tyler D. 0000-0002-7334-9188","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7334-9188","contributorId":201888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Tyler D.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":896394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70266297,"text":"70266297 - 2024 - Diurnal habitat selection and survival of elk neonates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-05T14:39:33.672987","indexId":"70266297","displayToPublicDate":"2024-03-07T09:35:46","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3451,"text":"Southwestern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diurnal habitat selection and survival of elk neonates","docAbstract":"Natural selection should favor development of behaviors that increase survival, including juvenile survival. Habitat characteristics (e.g., hiding cover, forage quality and availability), maternal habitat selection, and microhabitat selection by the calf may influence elk (Cervus canadensis) calf survival and recruitment. We assessed diurnal microhabitat selection of bed sites by elk calves and calf-rearing areas selected by adult females to determine if these characteristics were associated with calf survival. We radio-tagged 33 elk calves in west-central New Mexico in 2011 and 55 calves in north-central New Mexico in 2012. We tracked calves daily to locate calf bedding sites and collected data on selected physical features and vegetation characteristics at used and paired random sites. The paired differences in these characteristics were then associated with calf fate. At the calf selection scale, for every 1-m difference in the distance to nearest concealment cover, the odds that a site was from a surviving calf increased by 7.8%. Habitat selection by adult females also was associated with calf survival. The odds of a bed site being from a surviving calf increased by 1.9% for every 1% difference in percentage of grass cover. High levels of concealment cover at the bed site were related to calf survival status. When we expanded selection to the adult level, females with surviving calves selected areas with higher grass cover, suggesting adult selection for higher forage availability while still providing high concealment cover for the calf.
","language":"English","publisher":"Southwestern Association of Naturalists","doi":"10.1894/0038-4909-67.3.205","usgsCitation":"Pitman, J.W., Cain, J.W., Gould, W., Tatman, N.M., and Liley, S.G., 2024, Diurnal habitat selection and survival of elk neonates: Southwestern Naturalist, v. 67, no. 3, p. 205-215, https://doi.org/10.1894/0038-4909-67.3.205.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"205","endPage":"215","ipdsId":"IP-099298","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":485376,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"67","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pitman, James W.","contributorId":113799,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pitman","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":24672,"text":"New Mexico Department of Game and Fish","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cain, James W. III 0000-0003-4743-516X jwcain@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4743-516X","contributorId":4063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cain","given":"James","suffix":"III","email":"jwcain@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":935431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gould, William R.","contributorId":244516,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gould","given":"William R.","affiliations":[{"id":27575,"text":"NMSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tatman, Nicole M.","contributorId":338435,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tatman","given":"Nicole","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":24672,"text":"New Mexico Department of Game and Fish","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Liley, Stewart G.","contributorId":337910,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liley","given":"Stewart","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":12628,"text":"New Mexico State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70252213,"text":"70252213 - 2024 - Fine-resolution land cover mapping over large and mountainous areas for Lāna‘i, Hawaii using posterior probabilities, and expert knowledge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-20T11:56:30.896168","indexId":"70252213","displayToPublicDate":"2024-03-07T06:54:06","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2068,"text":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fine-resolution land cover mapping over large and mountainous areas for Lāna‘i, Hawaii using posterior probabilities, and expert knowledge","docAbstract":"The task of accurately mapping species-specific vegetation cover in remote and topographically complex regions like those found in Hawaiʻi presents unique challenges. This study leverages a machine learning approach to accurately classify vegetation into fine species-specific classes across the island of Lāna‘i, Hawaii, offering a novel methodology for tackling such challenges. Utilizing high-resolution WordView-2 satellite imagery, a neural network classifier and a custom lidar-based geometric correction, we introduced two new approaches to refine our high-resolution land cover classifications. This included the implementation of prior-based adjustments to class posterior probabilities to enhance land cover classification accuracy. Moreover, we developed mixed hierarchical classification maps that use class posterior probabilities to identify, at the pixel level, the finest land cover class that meets a user-defined confidence threshold. The resulting high-resolution land cover map for Lāna‘i captures the rich diversity and distribution of native and invasive plant species with high overall accuracy, generally exceeding 95%, based on independent ground control data. The capacity to produce wall-to-wall species-level vegetation maps provides a new window into monitoring vegetation dynamics on Lāna‘i and similarly remote and topographically complex regions, and contributes to our broader understanding of ecosystem responses to invasive species, climatic changes, and land management practices such as erosion and sediment control planning. Our approach offers a blueprint for similar efforts in other complex and remote ecosystems.
Extreme precipitation during Hurricane Florence, which made landfall in North Carolina in September 2018, led to breaches of hog waste lagoons, coal ash pits, and wastewater facilities. In the weeks following the storm, freshwater discharge carried pollutants, sediment, organic matter, and debris to the coastal ocean, contributing to beach closures, algae blooms, hypoxia, and other ecosystem impacts. Here, the ocean pathways of land-sourced contaminants following Hurricane Florence are investigated using the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) with a river point source with fixed water properties from a hydrologic model (WRF-Hydro) of the Cape Fear River Basin, North Carolina's largest watershed. Patterns of contaminant transport in the coastal ocean are quantified with a finite duration tracer release based on observed flooding of agricultural and industrial facilities. A suite of synthetic events also was simulated to investigate the sensitivity of the river plume transport pathways to river discharge and wind direction. The simulated Hurricane Florence discharge event led to westward (downcoast) transport of contaminants in a coastal current, along with intermittent storage and release of material in an offshore (bulge) or eastward (upcoast) region near the river mouth, modulated by alternating upwelling and downwelling winds. The river plume patterns led to a delayed onset and long duration of contaminants affecting beaches 100 km to the west, days to weeks after the storm. Maps of the onset and duration of hypothetical water quality hazards for a range of weather conditions may provide guidance to managers on the timing of swimming/shellfishing advisories and water quality sampling.
The U.S. Geological Survey has a long history of contributions to the understanding and resolution of various scientific questions related to earthquakes associated with human activities, referred to as induced seismicity. Work started with the Rocky Mountain Arsenal studies in the 1960’s (Healy and others, 1968) when it was first discovered that fluid waste-disposal operations can cause earthquakes. U.S. Geological Survey work on induced seismicity continued in the intervening years but expanded dramatically in the early 2010s. Disposal of large volumes of wastewater, a byproduct of oil and gas production, into the subsurface caused an exponential increase in earthquakes in the central United States, including earthquakes that caused damage to buildings and infrastructure in nearby communities. Established in 2012 within the Earthquake Hazards Program (EHP), the Induced Seismicity Project (ISP) examines earthquakes that are induced by human activities to assess and mitigate the hazards associated with induced earthquakes as well as understand the conditions and processes controlling induced and natural earthquake generation and recurrence. The ISP examines instances of suspected induced earthquakes, in real-time and retrospectively, to assess the probabilistic hazard and investigate possibilities for reducing that hazard, something currently not possible with natural earthquake activity. The ISP has many synergies with work across multiple areas of EHP, including earthquake monitoring, hazard mitigation, and fundamental research into earthquake processes.
In this report, background on induced seismicity and an overview of the state of knowledge is provided in three topical task areas: (1) oil and gas, (2) geothermal, and (3) geologic CO2 sequestration. This report then presents the EHP’s goals, strategies, and approaches—primarily focused on work in the ISP—for understanding the conditions that lead to induced seismicity, mitigating the associated hazards, and assisting the Nation in meeting its future needs in energy production and mitigation of climate change. Finally, the key limitations and opportunities for innovation are outlined at the end of the report.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/cir1509","programNote":"Earthquake Hazard Program","usgsCitation":"Cochran, E.S., Rubinstein, J.L., Barbour, A.J., and Kaven, J.O., 2024, Induced seismicity strategic vision: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1509, 39 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1509.","productDescription":"vi, 39 p.","numberOfPages":"39","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-137542","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499072,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_116151.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":426331,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1509/circ1509.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":426330,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1509/covrthb.jpg"}],"contact":"Earthquake Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
350 N. Akron Rd.
Moffett Field, CA 94035
Improving the interpretability of phase‐picking neural networks remains an important task to facilitate their deployment to routine, real‐time seismic monitoring. The popular phase‐picking neural networks published in the literature lack interpretability because their output prediction scores do not necessarily correspond with the reliability of phase picks and can even be highly inconsistent depending on how we window the waveform data. Here, we show that systematically shifting the waveforms during training and using an antialiasing filter within the neural network architecture can substantially improve the consistency of the output prediction scores and can even make them scale with the signal‐to‐noise ratios of the waveforms. We demonstrate the improvements by applying these approaches to a commonly used phase‐picking neural network architecture and using waveform data from the 2019 Ridgecrest earthquake sequence.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0320230054","usgsCitation":"Park, Y., Delbridge, B.G., and Shelly, D.R., 2024, Making phase-picking neural networks more consistent and interpretable: The Seismic Record, v. 4, no. 1, p. 72-80, https://doi.org/10.1785/0320230054.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"72","endPage":"80","ipdsId":"IP-161641","costCenters":[{"id":78686,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center - Seismology / Geomagnetism","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487634,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0320230054","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":481875,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Park, Yongsoo","contributorId":350716,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Park","given":"Yongsoo","affiliations":[{"id":48588,"text":"Los Alamos National Lab","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":926903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Delbridge, Brent G. 0000-0003-2808-8772","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2808-8772","contributorId":192986,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Delbridge","given":"Brent","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":926904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shelly, David R. 0000-0003-2783-5158 dshelly@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2783-5158","contributorId":206750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shelly","given":"David","email":"dshelly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":926905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70255050,"text":"70255050 - 2024 - Shellfish aquaculture farms as foraging habitat for nearshore fishes and crabs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-17T15:31:09.680203","indexId":"70255050","displayToPublicDate":"2024-03-06T10:27:04","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2680,"text":"Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shellfish aquaculture farms as foraging habitat for nearshore fishes and crabs","docAbstract":"Oyster reefs across North America have declined precipitously over the past 140 years. In Washington State, Olympia oyster Ostrea lurida reefs historically provided water filtration and nearshore structural habitat for fishes and invertebrates, but this species is now functionally extinct across its historical range. In place of these naturally occurring reefs, shellfish farms consisting mainly of nonnative Pacific oysters Magallana gigas now occupy patches of nearshore habitat across Washington. These farms modify intertidal substrate by adding structural habitat via suspended oyster grow bags, predator exclusion nets, loose oyster beds, and other shellfish grow-out gear. As interest and investment in shellfish aquaculture have expanded both locally and globally, so has interest in how these farms modify intertidal habitat and whether the complex structure created by the shellfish and shellfish growing gear provides ecosystem services that are comparable to those of unfarmed areas, such as mudflats and eelgrass meadows.
In this study, we sought to quantify how shellfish farms are used as foraging habitat for several common nearshore species of fish and crabs in Puget Sound, Washington. We used direct observations of species-specific behaviors from underwater video to model how habitat type affected observed foraging rates.
We obtained a total of 393 crab observations, 431 demersal fish observations, and 1856 pelagic fish observations across all seven farm sites. Several common species of pelagic fish (e.g., surfperch [Embiotocidae]) used aquaculture-growing gear more frequently than unfarmed areas as foraging habitat, but Metacarcinus spp. crabs displayed higher foraging frequency in unfarmed mudflats. Species groups such as sculpins (Cottidae) and small flatfish (Pleuronectidae) clearly used specific aquaculture-growing gear and mudflats in roughly equal proportion.
Our results indicate that shellfish farms within a larger nearshore habitat mosaic of eelgrass meadows, mudflats, bivalve aquaculture gear, and edge habitat can provide foraging habitat for several species of nearshore fish.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1002/mcf2.10282","usgsCitation":"Veggerby, K., Scheuerell, M.D., Sanderson, B., Kiffney, P., and Ferriss, B., 2024, Shellfish aquaculture farms as foraging habitat for nearshore fishes and crabs: Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science, v. 16, no. 2, e10282, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/mcf2.10282.","productDescription":"e10282, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-158997","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":440203,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mcf2.10282","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":430280,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Puget Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.227401475166,\n 48.993797248377604\n ],\n [\n -123.17273320541344,\n 48.993797248377604\n ],\n [\n -123.17273320541344,\n 46.919549204528664\n ],\n [\n -122.227401475166,\n 46.919549204528664\n ],\n [\n -122.227401475166,\n 48.993797248377604\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Veggerby, Karl","contributorId":338024,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Veggerby","given":"Karl","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scheuerell, Mark David 0000-0002-8284-1254","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8284-1254","contributorId":288621,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scheuerell","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":903252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sanderson, Beth","contributorId":338027,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sanderson","given":"Beth","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36803,"text":"NOAA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kiffney, Peter","contributorId":242881,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kiffney","given":"Peter","affiliations":[{"id":36803,"text":"NOAA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ferriss, Bridget","contributorId":338414,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ferriss","given":"Bridget","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":53980,"text":"NMFS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70255084,"text":"70255084 - 2024 - Preparing for a Bsal invasion into North America has improved multi-sector readiness","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-12T15:33:58.8501","indexId":"70255084","displayToPublicDate":"2024-03-06T10:18:39","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":17102,"text":"Frontiers in Amphibian and Reptile Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Preparing for a Bsal invasion into North America has improved multi-sector readiness","docAbstract":"Western palearctic salamander susceptibility to the skin disease caused by the amphibian chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal) was recognized in 2014, eliciting concerns for a potential novel wave of amphibian declines following the B. dendrobatidis (Bd) chytridiomycosis global pandemic. Although Bsal had not been detected in North America, initial experimental trials supported the heightened susceptibility of caudate amphibians to Bsal chytridiomycosis, recognizing the critical threat this pathogen poses to the North American salamander biodiversity hotspot. Here, we take stock of 10 years of research, collaboration, engagement, and outreach by the North American Bsal Task Force. We summarize main knowledge and conservation actions to both forestall and respond to Bsal invasion into North America. We address the questions: what have we learned; what are current challenges; and are we ready for a more effective reaction to Bsal’s eventual detection? We expect that the many contributions to preemptive planning accrued over the past decade will pay dividends in amphibian conservation effectiveness and can inform future responses to other novel wildlife diseases and extreme threats.
","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers Media","doi":"10.3389/famrs.2024.1347541","usgsCitation":"Olson, D., Campbell Grant, E.H., Bletz, M., Piovia-Scott, J., Lesbarreres, D., Kerby, J.L., Adams, M.J., Breitman, M.F., Christman, M.R., Forzán, M., Gray, M., Hill, A.J., Koo, M.S., Milenkaya, O., Rebollar, E.A., Rollins-Smith, L.A., Serr, M., Shepak, A., Shirose, L., Sprague, L., Walke, J., Warwick, A., and Mosher, B., 2024, Preparing for a Bsal invasion into North America has improved multi-sector readiness: Frontiers in Amphibian and Reptile Science, v. 2, :1347541, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/famrs.2024.1347541.","productDescription":":1347541, 21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-159868","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":440205,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/famrs.2024.1347541","text":"Publisher Index 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California, Berkeley, California, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Milenkaya, Olga","contributorId":338552,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Milenkaya","given":"Olga","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":81153,"text":"Warren Wilson College, Asheville, North Carolina, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Rebollar, Eria A.","contributorId":338553,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rebollar","given":"Eria","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":81154,"text":"Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Cuernavaca, México","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Rollins-Smith, Louise 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USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Warwick, Alexa","contributorId":338560,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Warwick","given":"Alexa","affiliations":[{"id":81160,"text":"Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Mosher, Brittany A.","contributorId":338561,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mosher","given":"Brittany A.","affiliations":[{"id":81161,"text":"University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23}]}} ,{"id":70263414,"text":"70263414 - 2024 - Subduction intraslab-interface fault interactions in the 2022 Mw 6.4 Ferndale, California earthquake sequence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-10T16:28:46.482152","indexId":"70263414","displayToPublicDate":"2024-03-06T09:21:50","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5010,"text":"Science Advances","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Subduction intraslab-interface fault interactions in the 2022 Mw 6.4 Ferndale, California earthquake sequence","docAbstract":"The Mendocino triple junction, the intersection of the Pacific, North American, and Gorda plates, activates a collection of disparate faults that reconcile Cascadia subduction with San Andreas transform motion. The December 20, 2022, Mw 6.4 Ferndale, California earthquake occurred within this complex zone as strike-slip faulting within the subducting Gorda slab. Here, we analyze the seismic and geodetic signatures of the mainshock and aftershock sequence to illuminate its role within complex tectonic surroundings. We find aftershocks on varied fault structures within the uppermost Gorda slab, yet seismicity on the subduction interface itself was notably absent. Nevertheless, we identify small but coherent postseismic deformation that is well modeled by aseismic slip on this interface, likely triggered by stresses generated at the updip limit of coseismic rupture. This sequence demonstrates the potential for interactions between intra-slab earthquakes and slip on the subduction megathrust, highlighting the need to consider this and other subduction zones as coupled systems of interacting faults.","language":"English","publisher":"AAAS","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.adl1226","usgsCitation":"Shelly, D.R., Goldberg, D.E., Materna, K.Z., Skoumal, R.J., Hardebeck, J.L., Yoon, C., Yeck, W.L., and Earle, P.S., 2024, Subduction intraslab-interface fault interactions in the 2022 Mw 6.4 Ferndale, California earthquake sequence: Science Advances, v. 10, no. 10, eadl1226, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adl1226.","productDescription":"eadl1226, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-157945","costCenters":[{"id":78686,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center - Seismology / Geomagnetism","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489932,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adl1226","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":481873,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Ferndale","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.32430634942911,\n 40.632387320582296\n ],\n [\n -124.32430634942911,\n 40.53136014005773\n ],\n [\n -124.21016659258673,\n 40.53136014005773\n ],\n [\n -124.21016659258673,\n 40.632387320582296\n ],\n [\n -124.32430634942911,\n 40.632387320582296\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shelly, David R. 0000-0003-2783-5158 dshelly@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2783-5158","contributorId":206750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shelly","given":"David","email":"dshelly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":926895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goldberg, Dara Elyse 0000-0002-0923-3180","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0923-3180","contributorId":289891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldberg","given":"Dara","email":"","middleInitial":"Elyse","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":926896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Materna, Kathryn Zerbe 0000-0002-6687-980X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6687-980X","contributorId":261337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Materna","given":"Kathryn","email":"","middleInitial":"Zerbe","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":926897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Skoumal, Robert John 0000-0002-6960-481X rskoumal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6960-481X","contributorId":299165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skoumal","given":"Robert","email":"rskoumal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"John","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":926898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hardebeck, Jeanne L. 0000-0002-6737-7780","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6737-7780","contributorId":254964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hardebeck","given":"Jeanne","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":926899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Yoon, Clara 0000-0003-4521-3889","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4521-3889","contributorId":222019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yoon","given":"Clara","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":926900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Yeck, William L. 0000-0002-2801-8873 wyeck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2801-8873","contributorId":147558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yeck","given":"William","email":"wyeck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":926901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Earle, Paul S. 0000-0002-3500-017X pearle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3500-017X","contributorId":173551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Earle","given":"Paul","email":"pearle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":926902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70252162,"text":"70252162 - 2024 - When to target control efforts? Using novel GPS telemetry to quantify drivers of invasive Argentine black and white tegu (Salvator merianae) movement","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-20T15:27:10.978583","indexId":"70252162","displayToPublicDate":"2024-03-06T06:19:42","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1018,"text":"Biological Invasions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"When to target control efforts? Using novel GPS telemetry to quantify drivers of invasive Argentine black and white tegu (Salvator merianae) movement","title":"When to target control efforts? Using novel GPS telemetry to quantify drivers of invasive Argentine black and white tegu (Salvator merianae) movement","docAbstract":"In South Florida, the Argentine black and white tegu (Salvator merianae), a large, omnivorous lizard, has become a recent threat to the Everglades ecosystem. The increase in tegu observations, especially near ecologically sensitive areas such as Everglades National Park, makes informed management critical to contain the tegu population. Using Very High Frequency (VHF) and Global Positioning System (GPS) telemetry, we tracked 24 tegus in the Southern Glades Wildlife Management Area and Redland Agricultural Area in Homestead, Florida from March 2016 to November 2018 and March 2021 to January 2022. We used generalized additive models to determine factors that drive tegu movement to inform managers when traps and surveillance plots are most likely to be effective. Our top model included temporal (time of day and time of year), environmental (air temperature, relative humidity, rain, and wind speed from closest weather station), and biological (sex) variables. This model explained 34.6% of the deviance in tegu minimum rate of movement. We determined that tegus were most active between mid-March and mid-April, and tegu minimum rate of movement positively correlates with air temperature (i.e., highest activity during the hottest part of the day in the early afternoon). We observed a slight positive trend between tegu minimum rate of movement and relative humidity, and no clear trend between rate of movement and either rainfall or wind. Our results can inform natural resource management actions to target tegu removal and surveillance during high activity periods to maximize resource use.
Earthquakes pose substantial threats to communities worldwide. Understanding how people respond to the fast-changing environment during earthquakes is crucial for reducing risks and saving lives. This study aims to study people’s protective action decision-making in earthquakes by leveraging explainable machine learning and video data. Specifically, this study first collected real-world CCTV footage and video postings from social media platforms, and then identified and annotated changes in the environment and people’s behavioral responses during the M7.1 2018 Anchorage earthquake. By using the fully annotated video data, we applied XGBoost, a widely-used machine learning method, to model and forecast people’s protective actions (e.g., drop and cover, hold on, and evacuate) during the earthquake. Then, explainable machine learning techniques were used to reveal the complex, nonlinear relationships between different factors and people’s choices of protective actions. Modeling results confirm that social and environmental cues played critical roles in affecting the probability of different protective actions. Certain factors, such as the earthquake shaking intensity and number of people shown in the environment, displayed evident nonlinear relationships with the probability of choosing to evacuate. These findings can help emergency managers and policymakers design more effective protective action recommendations during earthquakes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41598-024-55584-7","usgsCitation":"Zhang, X., Zhao, X., Baldwin, D., McBride, S., Bellizzi, J., Cochran, E.S., Luco, N., Wood, M., and Cova, T.J., 2024, Modeling protective action decision-making in earthquakes by using explainable machine learning and video data: Scientific Reports, v. 14, 5480, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-55584-7.","productDescription":"5480, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-162087","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":440208,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-55584-7","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":432865,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhang, Xiaojian","contributorId":214967,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Xiaojian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39141,"text":"Department of Basic Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, 9 Mississippi, United States;","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zhao, Xilei","contributorId":342942,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhao","given":"Xilei","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36221,"text":"University of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baldwin, Dare","contributorId":269660,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baldwin","given":"Dare","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":910523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McBride, Sara K. 0000-0002-8062-6542","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8062-6542","contributorId":206933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McBride","given":"Sara K.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":910524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bellizzi, Josephine","contributorId":342943,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bellizzi","given":"Josephine","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6604,"text":"University of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cochran, Elizabeth S. 0000-0003-2485-4484 ecochran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2485-4484","contributorId":2025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cochran","given":"Elizabeth","email":"ecochran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":910526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Luco, Nicolas 0000-0002-5763-9847 nluco@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5763-9847","contributorId":140191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luco","given":"Nicolas","email":"nluco@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":910527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wood, Matthew","contributorId":342944,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wood","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13252,"text":"University of Utah","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Cova, Thomas J.","contributorId":342946,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cova","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13252,"text":"University of Utah","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70273191,"text":"70273191 - 2024 - California community Earth Models for Seismic Hazard Assessments workshop report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-18T15:39:21.401578","indexId":"70273191","displayToPublicDate":"2024-03-05T09:33:06","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"title":"California community Earth Models for Seismic Hazard Assessments workshop report","docAbstract":"The California Community Earth Models for Seismic Hazard Assessments Workshop (https://www.scec.org/workshops/2024/california-community-models) was held online March 4–5, 2024, with more than 200 participants over the two days. In this report, we provide a summary of the key points from the presentations and discussions. We highlight three use cases that drive the development of community Earth models, present an inventory of existing community Earth models in California, summarize a few techniques for integrating and merging models, discuss potential connections with the Cascadia Region Earthquake Science Center, and discuss what “community” means in community Earth models.","language":"English","publisher":"Statewide California Earthquake Center","usgsCitation":"Aagaard, B.T., Marshall, S., Minson, S.E., Boyd, D., Denolle, M.A., Fielding, E.J., Gabriel, A., Goulet, C.A., Graymer, R., Hardebeck, J.L., Hatem, A.E., Hirakawa, E.T., Huynh, T., Hwang, L., Luttrell, K., Materna, K.Z., Montesi, L., Oskin, M., Rodgers, A., Pitarka, A., and Zachariasen, J., 2024, California community Earth Models for Seismic Hazard Assessments workshop report, 67 p.","productDescription":"67 p.","ipdsId":"IP-173281","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":78686,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center - Seismology / Geomagnetism","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497669,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":497662,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.scec.org/workshops/2024/california-community-models"}],"country":"United 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Water-quality constituents considered in the report include salinity, geogenic constituents, contaminants of emerging concern, and nitrogen. For each constituent, there is a selection of scientific gaps, approaches, and outcomes to help guide portions of the U.S. Geological Survey Water Mission Area (https://www.usgs.gov/mission-areas/water-resources) research portfolio and other national research efforts. Although the report is not comprehensive, and new issues are likely to emerge, it does provide an assessment of many of the major challenges and opportunities concerning water-quality effects on water availability for beneficial uses. Due to the changing nature of water-quality concerns, and to deal with issues not described in this report, it will be important to maintain broad-based expertise and flexibility to address the full spectrum of long-term water-quality issues facing the Nation’s water resources.
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This report identifies key scientific gaps that limit our ability to predict water quality effects on health of aquatic ecosystems and proposes approaches to address those gaps. Topics considered include (1) coupled nutrient-carbon cycle processes and related ecological-flow-regime drivers of ecosystem health, (2) anthropogenic and geogenic toxin bioexposure, (3) fine sediment drivers of aquatic ecosystem health, and (4) freshwater salinization. Each topic is addressed in terms of scientific gaps, approaches, and timelines to help guide portions of the U.S. Geological Survey Water Mission Area (https://www.usgs.gov/mission-areas/water-resources) research portfolio and other national research efforts. The report provides an assessment of several of the major challenges and opportunities concerning water quality impacts on aquatic ecosystem health. It will be important to maintain broad-based expertise and flexibility to address the full range of long-term water quality issues facing the Nation’s water resources.
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