{"pageNumber":"1804","pageRowStart":"45075","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":70036078,"text":"70036078 - 2011 - Effects of wind energy production on growth, demography, and survivorship of a Desert Tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) population in Southern California with comparisons to natural populations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-02-11T14:02:34","indexId":"70036078","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1894,"text":"Herpetological Conservation and Biology","onlineIssn":"2151-0733","printIssn":"1931-7603","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of wind energy production on growth, demography, and survivorship of a Desert Tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) population in Southern California with comparisons to natural populations","docAbstract":"<p>We studied a Desert Tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) population at a large wind energy generation facility near Palm Springs, California over six field seasons from 1997 to 2010. We compared growth and demographic parameters to populations living in less disturbed areas; as well as populations of the closely-related and newly-described G. morafkai elsewhere in the Sonoran Desert of Arizona. We marked 69 individuals of all size classes and estimated a population size of 96 tortoises, or about 15.4/km<sup>2</sup>. Growth rates for males were lower than reported elsewhere, although maximum body size was larger. The smallest female with shelled eggs was 221 mm and males mature at over 200 mm. Mean male size was greater than that of females. The adult sex ratio was not significantly different from unity. Size frequency histograms were similar over time and when compared to most, but not all, G. morafkai populations in the Sonoran Desert. For a cohort of adult females, we estimated mortality at 8.4% annually due, in part, to site operations. This value was low in comparison to many other populations during the same time period. Other than possible differences in growth rate of males and the high survivorship of females, there appear to be few differences between this population and those in more natural areas. The high productivity of food plants at the site and its limited public access may contribute to the overall stability of the population. However, the effects of utility-scale renewable energy development on tortoises in other, less productive, areas are unknown. Additional research (especially controlled and replicated before and after studies) is urgently needed to address this deficiency because of forecasted expansion of utility-scale renewable energy development in the future.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Herpetological Conservation and Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"SSAR","issn":"19317603","usgsCitation":"Lovich, J., Ennen, J., Madrak, S., Meyer, K., Loughran, C., Bjurlin, C., Arundel, T., Turner, W., Jones, C., and Groenendaal, G., 2011, Effects of wind energy production on growth, demography, and survivorship of a Desert Tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) population in Southern California with comparisons to natural populations: Herpetological Conservation and Biology, v. 6, no. 2, p. 161-174.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"161","endPage":"174","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246426,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":297923,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.herpconbio.org/contents_vol6_issue2.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.861572265625,\n              31.3348710339506\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.861572265625,\n              35.10193405724606\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.19287109375,\n              35.10193405724606\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.19287109375,\n              31.3348710339506\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.861572265625,\n              31.3348710339506\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"6","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0846e4b0c8380cd51a5c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lovich, J.E.","contributorId":102411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovich","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ennen, J.R.","contributorId":108335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ennen","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Madrak, S.","contributorId":50761,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madrak","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Meyer, K.","contributorId":28204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Loughran, C.","contributorId":19014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loughran","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bjurlin, C.","contributorId":8708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bjurlin","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Arundel, T.","contributorId":78974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arundel","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Turner, W.","contributorId":13080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Jones, C.","contributorId":42914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Groenendaal, G.M.","contributorId":42470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Groenendaal","given":"G.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70035781,"text":"70035781 - 2011 - Method for detecting moment connection fracture using high-frequency transients in recorded accelerations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-10T19:16:27.491912","indexId":"70035781","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2232,"text":"Journal of Constructional Steel Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Method for detecting moment connection fracture using high-frequency transients in recorded accelerations","docAbstract":"<p><span>The 1994 Northridge earthquake caused brittle fractures in steel moment frame building connections, despite causing little visible building damage in most cases. Future strong earthquakes are likely to cause similar damage to the many un-retrofitted pre-Northridge buildings in the western US and elsewhere. Without obvious permanent building deformation, costly intrusive inspections are currently the only way to determine if major fracture damage that compromises building safety has occurred. Building instrumentation has the potential to provide engineers and owners with timely information on fracture occurrence. Structural dynamics theory predicts and scale model experiments have demonstrated that sudden, large changes in structure properties caused by moment connection fractures will cause transient dynamic response. A method is proposed for detecting the building-wide level of connection fracture damage, based on observing high-frequency, fracture-induced transient dynamic responses in strong motion accelerograms. High-frequency transients are short (&lt;1 s), sudden-onset waveforms with frequency content above 25 Hz that are visually apparent in recorded accelerations. Strong motion data and damage information from intrusive inspections collected from 24 sparsely instrumented buildings following the 1994 Northridge earthquake are used to evaluate the proposed method. The method’s overall success rate for this data set is 67%, but this rate varies significantly with damage level. The method performs reasonably well in detecting significant fracture damage and in identifying cases with no damage, but fails in cases with few fractures. Combining the method with other damage indicators and removing records with excessive noise improves the ability to detect the level of damage.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jcsr.2010.11.002","issn":"0143974X","usgsCitation":"Rodgers, J., and Celebi, M., 2011, Method for detecting moment connection fracture using high-frequency transients in recorded accelerations: Journal of Constructional Steel Research, v. 67, no. 3, p. 293-307, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2010.11.002.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"293","endPage":"307","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244335,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216464,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2010.11.002"}],"volume":"67","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a554ce4b0c8380cd6d1a0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rodgers, J.E.","contributorId":99069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodgers","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Celebi, Mehmet 0000-0002-4769-7357 celebi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4769-7357","contributorId":200969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Celebi","given":"Mehmet","email":"celebi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":452343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70036761,"text":"70036761 - 2011 - Empirical critical loads of atmospheric nitrogen deposition for nutrient enrichment and acidification of sensitive US lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-21T20:22:13.40894","indexId":"70036761","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":997,"text":"BioScience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Empirical critical loads of atmospheric nitrogen deposition for nutrient enrichment and acidification of sensitive US lakes","docAbstract":"<p><span>The ecological effects of elevated atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition on high-elevation lakes of the western and northeastern United States include nutrient enrichment and acidification. The nutrient enrichment critical load for western lakes ranged from 1.0 to 3.0 kilograms (kg) of N per hectare (ha) per year, reflecting the nearly nonexistent watershed vegetation in complex, snowmelt-dominated terrain. The nutrient enrichment critical load for northeastern lakes ranged from 3.5 to 6.0 kg N per ha per year. The N acidification critical loads associated with episodic N pulses in waters with low values of acid neutralizing capacity were 4.0 kg N per ha per year (western) and 8.0 kg N per ha per year (northeastern). The empirical critical loads for N-caused acidification were difficult to determine because of a lack of observations in the West, and high sulfur deposition in the East. For both nutrient enrichment and acidification, the N critical load was a function of how atmospheric N deposition was determined.</span></p>","largerWorkTitle":"BioScience","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1525/bio.2011.61.8.6","issn":"00063568","usgsCitation":"Baron, J., Driscoll, C.T., Stoddard, J., and Richer, E., 2011, Empirical critical loads of atmospheric nitrogen deposition for nutrient enrichment and acidification of sensitive US lakes: BioScience, v. 61, no. 8, p. 602-613, https://doi.org/10.1525/bio.2011.61.8.6.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"602","endPage":"613","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475621,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1525/bio.2011.61.8.6","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245431,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217480,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1525/bio.2011.61.8.6"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-66.28243,18.51476],[-65.7713,18.42668],[-65.591,18.22803],[-65.84716,17.97591],[-66.59993,17.98182],[-67.18416,17.94655],[-67.24243,18.37446],[-67.10068,18.5206],[-66.28243,18.51476]]],[[[-155.54211,19.08348],[-155.68817,18.91619],[-155.93665,19.05939],[-155.90806,19.33888],[-156.07347,19.70294],[-156.02368,19.81422],[-155.85008,19.97729],[-155.91907,20.17395],[-155.86108,20.26721],[-155.78505,20.2487],[-155.40214,20.07975],[-155.22452,19.99302],[-155.06226,19.8591],[-154.80741,19.50871],[-154.83147,19.45328],[-155.22217,19.23972],[-155.54211,19.08348]]],[[[-156.07926,20.64397],[-156.41445,20.57241],[-156.58673,20.783],[-156.70167,20.8643],[-156.71055,20.92676],[-156.61258,21.01249],[-156.25711,20.91745],[-155.99566,20.76404],[-156.07926,20.64397]]],[[[-156.75824,21.17684],[-156.78933,21.06873],[-157.32521,21.09777],[-157.25027,21.21958],[-156.75824,21.17684]]],[[[-157.65283,21.32217],[-157.70703,21.26442],[-157.7786,21.27729],[-158.12667,21.31244],[-158.2538,21.53919],[-158.29265,21.57912],[-158.0252,21.71696],[-157.94161,21.65272],[-157.65283,21.32217]]],[[[-159.34512,21.982],[-159.46372,21.88299],[-159.80051,22.06533],[-159.74877,22.1382],[-159.5962,22.23618],[-159.36569,22.21494],[-159.34512,21.982]]],[[[-94.81758,49.38905],[-94.64,48.84],[-94.32914,48.67074],[-93.63087,48.60926],[-92.61,48.45],[-91.64,48.14],[-90.83,48.27],[-89.6,48.01],[-89.27292,48.01981],[-88.37811,48.30292],[-87.43979,47.94],[-86.46199,47.55334],[-85.65236,47.22022],[-84.87608,46.90008],[-84.77924,46.6371],[-84.54375,46.53868],[-84.6049,46.4396],[-84.3367,46.40877],[-84.14212,46.51223],[-84.09185,46.27542],[-83.89077,46.11693],[-83.61613,46.11693],[-83.46955,45.99469],[-83.59285,45.81689],[-82.55092,45.34752],[-82.33776,44.44],[-82.13764,43.57109],[-82.43,42.98],[-82.9,42.43],[-83.12,42.08],[-83.142,41.97568],[-83.02981,41.8328],[-82.69009,41.67511],[-82.43928,41.67511],[-81.27775,42.20903],[-80.24745,42.3662],[-78.93936,42.86361],[-78.92,42.965],[-79.01,43.27],[-79.17167,43.46634],[-78.72028,43.62509],[-77.73789,43.62906],[-76.82003,43.62878],[-76.5,44.01846],[-76.375,44.09631],[-75.31821,44.81645],[-74.867,45.00048],[-73.34783,45.00738],[-71.50506,45.0082],[-71.405,45.255],[-71.08482,45.30524],[-70.66,45.46],[-70.305,45.915],[-69.99997,46.69307],[-69.23722,47.44778],[-68.905,47.185],[-68.23444,47.35486],[-67.79046,47.06636],[-67.79134,45.70281],[-67.13741,45.13753],[-66.96466,44.8097],[-68.03252,44.3252],[-69.06,43.98],[-70.11617,43.68405],[-70.64548,43.09024],[-70.81489,42.8653],[-70.825,42.335],[-70.495,41.805],[-70.08,41.78],[-70.185,42.145],[-69.88497,41.92283],[-69.96503,41.63717],[-70.64,41.475],[-71.12039,41.49445],[-71.86,41.32],[-72.295,41.27],[-72.87643,41.22065],[-73.71,40.9311],[-72.24126,41.11948],[-71.945,40.93],[-73.345,40.63],[-73.982,40.628],[-73.95232,40.75075],[-74.25671,40.47351],[-73.96244,40.42763],[-74.17838,39.70926],[-74.90604,38.93954],[-74.98041,39.1964],[-75.20002,39.24845],[-75.52805,39.4985],[-75.32,38.96],[-75.07183,38.78203],[-75.05673,38.40412],[-75.37747,38.01551],[-75.94023,37.21689],[-76.03127,37.2566],[-75.72205,37.93705],[-76.23287,38.31921],[-76.35,39.15],[-76.54272,38.71762],[-76.32933,38.08326],[-76.99,38.23999],[-76.30162,37.91794],[-76.25874,36.9664],[-75.9718,36.89726],[-75.86804,36.55125],[-75.72749,35.55074],[-76.36318,34.80854],[-77.39763,34.51201],[-78.05496,33.92547],[-78.55435,33.86133],[-79.06067,33.49395],[-79.20357,33.15839],[-80.30132,32.50935],[-80.86498,32.0333],[-81.33629,31.44049],[-81.49042,30.72999],[-81.31371,30.03552],[-80.98,29.18],[-80.53558,28.47213],[-80.53,28.04],[-80.05654,26.88],[-80.08801,26.20576],[-80.13156,25.81677],[-80.38103,25.20616],[-80.68,25.08],[-81.17213,25.20126],[-81.33,25.64],[-81.71,25.87],[-82.24,26.73],[-82.70515,27.49504],[-82.85526,27.88624],[-82.65,28.55],[-82.93,29.1],[-83.70959,29.93656],[-84.1,30.09],[-85.10882,29.63615],[-85.28784,29.68612],[-85.7731,30.15261],[-86.4,30.4],[-87.53036,30.27433],[-88.41782,30.3849],[-89.18049,30.31598],[-89.59383,30.15999],[-89.41373,29.89419],[-89.43,29.48864],[-89.21767,29.29108],[-89.40823,29.15961],[-89.77928,29.30714],[-90.15463,29.11743],[-90.88022,29.14854],[-91.62678,29.677],[-92.49906,29.5523],[-93.22637,29.78375],[-93.84842,29.71363],[-94.69,29.48],[-95.60026,28.73863],[-96.59404,28.30748],[-97.14,27.83],[-97.37,27.38],[-97.38,26.69],[-97.33,26.21],[-97.14,25.87],[-97.53,25.84],[-98.24,26.06],[-99.02,26.37],[-99.3,26.84],[-99.52,27.54],[-100.11,28.11],[-100.45584,28.69612],[-100.9576,29.38071],[-101.6624,29.7793],[-102.48,29.76],[-103.11,28.97],[-103.94,29.27],[-104.45697,29.57196],[-104.70575,30.12173],[-105.03737,30.64402],[-105.63159,31.08383],[-106.1429,31.39995],[-106.50759,31.75452],[-108.24,31.75485],[-108.24194,31.34222],[-109.035,31.34194],[-111.02361,31.33472],[-113.30498,32.03914],[-114.815,32.52528],[-114.72139,32.72083],[-115.99135,32.61239],[-117.12776,32.53534],[-117.29594,33.04622],[-117.944,33.62124],[-118.4106,33.74091],[-118.51989,34.02778],[-119.081,34.078],[-119.43884,34.34848],[-120.36778,34.44711],[-120.62286,34.60855],[-120.74433,35.15686],[-121.71457,36.16153],[-122.54747,37.55176],[-122.51201,37.78339],[-122.95319,38.11371],[-123.7272,38.95166],[-123.86517,39.76699],[-124.39807,40.3132],[-124.17886,41.14202],[-124.2137,41.99964],[-124.53284,42.76599],[-124.14214,43.70838],[-124.02053,44.6159],[-123.89893,45.52341],[-124.07963,46.86475],[-124.39567,47.72017],[-124.68721,48.18443],[-124.5661,48.37971],[-123.12,48.04],[-122.58736,47.096],[-122.34,47.36],[-122.5,48.18],[-122.84,49],[-120,49],[-117.03121,49],[-116.04818,49],[-113,49],[-110.05,49],[-107.05,49],[-104.04826,48.99986],[-100.65,49],[-97.22872,49.0007],[-95.15907,49],[-95.15609,49.38425],[-94.81758,49.38905]]],[[[-153.00631,57.11584],[-154.00509,56.73468],[-154.5164,56.99275],[-154.67099,57.4612],[-153.76278,57.81657],[-153.22873,57.96897],[-152.56479,57.90143],[-152.14115,57.59106],[-153.00631,57.11584]]],[[[-165.57916,59.90999],[-166.19277,59.75444],[-166.84834,59.94141],[-167.45528,60.21307],[-166.46779,60.38417],[-165.67443,60.29361],[-165.57916,59.90999]]],[[[-171.73166,63.78252],[-171.11443,63.59219],[-170.49111,63.69498],[-169.68251,63.43112],[-168.68944,63.29751],[-168.77194,63.1886],[-169.52944,62.97693],[-170.29056,63.19444],[-170.67139,63.37582],[-171.55306,63.31779],[-171.79111,63.40585],[-171.73166,63.78252]]],[[[-155.06779,71.14778],[-154.34417,70.69641],[-153.90001,70.88999],[-152.21001,70.82999],[-152.27,70.60001],[-150.73999,70.43002],[-149.72,70.53001],[-147.61336,70.21403],[-145.68999,70.12001],[-144.92001,69.98999],[-143.58945,70.15251],[-142.07251,69.85194],[-140.98599,69.712],[-140.9925,66.00003],[-140.99777,60.3064],[-140.013,60.27684],[-139.039,60.00001],[-138.34089,59.56211],[-137.4525,58.905],[-136.47972,59.46389],[-135.47583,59.78778],[-134.945,59.27056],[-134.27111,58.86111],[-133.35555,58.41029],[-132.73042,57.69289],[-131.70781,56.55212],[-130.00778,55.91583],[-129.97999,55.285],[-130.53611,54.80275],[-131.08582,55.17891],[-131.96721,55.49778],[-132.25001,56.37],[-133.53918,57.17889],[-134.07806,58.12307],[-135.03821,58.18771],[-136.62806,58.21221],[-137.80001,58.5],[-139.86779,59.53776],[-140.82527,59.72752],[-142.57444,60.08445],[-143.95888,59.99918],[-145.92556,60.45861],[-147.11437,60.88466],[-148.22431,60.67299],[-148.01807,59.97833],[-148.57082,59.91417],[-149.72786,59.70566],[-150.60824,59.36821],[-151.71639,59.15582],[-151.85943,59.74498],[-151.40972,60.7258],[-150.34694,61.03359],[-150.62111,61.28442],[-151.89584,60.7272],[-152.57833,60.06166],[-154.01917,59.35028],[-153.28751,58.86473],[-154.23249,58.14637],[-155.30749,57.72779],[-156.30833,57.42277],[-156.5561,56.97998],[-158.11722,56.46361],[-158.43332,55.99415],[-159.60333,55.56669],[-160.28972,55.64358],[-161.22305,55.36473],[-162.23777,55.02419],[-163.06945,54.68974],[-164.78557,54.40417],[-164.94223,54.57222],[-163.84834,55.03943],[-162.87,55.34804],[-161.80417,55.89499],[-160.5636,56.00805],[-160.07056,56.41806],[-158.68444,57.01668],[-158.4611,57.21692],[-157.72277,57.57],[-157.55027,58.32833],[-157.04167,58.91888],[-158.19473,58.6158],[-158.51722,58.78778],[-159.05861,58.42419],[-159.71167,58.93139],[-159.98129,58.57255],[-160.35527,59.07112],[-161.355,58.67084],[-161.96889,58.67166],[-162.05499,59.26693],[-161.87417,59.63362],[-162.51806,59.98972],[-163.81834,59.79806],[-164.66222,60.26748],[-165.34639,60.5075],[-165.35083,61.0739],[-166.12138,61.50002],[-165.73445,62.075],[-164.91918,62.63308],[-164.56251,63.14638],[-163.75333,63.21945],[-163.06722,63.05946],[-162.26056,63.54194],[-161.53445,63.45582],[-160.77251,63.76611],[-160.95834,64.2228],[-161.51807,64.40279],[-160.77778,64.7886],[-161.39193,64.77724],[-162.45305,64.55944],[-162.75779,64.33861],[-163.54639,64.55916],[-164.96083,64.44695],[-166.42529,64.68667],[-166.845,65.0889],[-168.11056,65.67],[-166.70527,66.08832],[-164.47471,66.57666],[-163.65251,66.57666],[-163.7886,66.07721],[-161.67777,66.11612],[-162.48971,66.73557],[-163.71972,67.11639],[-164.43099,67.61634],[-165.39029,68.04277],[-166.76444,68.35888],[-166.20471,68.88303],[-164.43081,68.91554],[-163.16861,69.37111],[-162.93057,69.85806],[-161.9089,70.33333],[-160.9348,70.44769],[-159.03918,70.89164],[-158.11972,70.82472],[-156.58082,71.35776],[-155.06779,71.14778]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"United States\"}}]}","volume":"61","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0906e4b0c8380cd51d7b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baron, Jill 0000-0002-5902-6251 jill_baron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5902-6251","contributorId":194124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baron","given":"Jill","email":"jill_baron@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Driscoll, C. T.","contributorId":47530,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Driscoll","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stoddard, J.L.","contributorId":75709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stoddard","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Richer, E.E.","contributorId":70626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richer","given":"E.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70035722,"text":"70035722 - 2011 - Gas geochemistry of the Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well, Alaska North Slope: implications for gas hydrate exploration in the Arctic","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-28T10:05:20","indexId":"70035722","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2682,"text":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gas geochemistry of the Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well, Alaska North Slope: implications for gas hydrate exploration in the Arctic","docAbstract":"Gases were analyzed from well cuttings, core, gas hydrate, and formation tests at the BPXA-DOE-USGS Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well, drilled within the Milne Point Unit, Alaska North Slope. The well penetrated a portion of the Eileen gas hydrate deposit, which overlies the more deeply buried Prudhoe Bay, Milne Point, West Sak, and Kuparuk River oil fields. Gas sources in the upper 200 m are predominantly from microbial sources (C<sub>1</sub> isotopic compositions ranging from −86.4 to −80.6‰). The C<sub>1</sub> isotopic composition becomes progressively enriched from 200 m to the top of the gas hydrate-bearing sands at 600 m. The tested gas hydrates occur in two primary intervals, units D and C, between 614.0 m and 664.7 m, containing a total of 29.3 m of gas hydrate-bearing sands. The hydrocarbon gases in cuttings and core samples from 604 to 914 m are composed of methane with very little ethane. The isotopic composition of the methane carbon ranges from −50.1 to −43.9‰ with several outliers, generally decreasing with depth. Gas samples collected by the Modular Formation Dynamics Testing (MDT) tool in the hydrate-bearing units were similarly composed mainly of methane, with up to 284 ppm ethane. The methane isotopic composition ranged from −48.2 to −48.0‰ in the C sand and from −48.4 to −46.6‰ in the D sand. Methane hydrogen isotopic composition ranged from −238 to −230‰, with slightly more depleted values in the deeper C sand. These results are consistent with the concept that the Eileen gas hydrates contain a mixture of deep-sourced, microbially biodegraded thermogenic gas, with lesser amounts of thermogenic oil-associated gas, and coal gas. Thermal gases are likely sourced from existing oil and gas accumulations that have migrated up-dip and/or up-fault and formed gas hydrate in response to climate cooling with permafrost formation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2010.02.007","issn":"02648172","usgsCitation":"Lorenson, T., Collett, T.S., and Hunter, R., 2011, Gas geochemistry of the Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well, Alaska North Slope: implications for gas hydrate exploration in the Arctic: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 28, no. 2, p. 343-360, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2010.02.007.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"343","endPage":"360","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216135,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2010.02.007"},{"id":243982,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Alaska North Slope","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -166.85,68.0 ], [ -166.85,71.39 ], [ -141.0,71.39 ], [ -141.0,68.0 ], [ -166.85,68.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"28","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a14cae4b0c8380cd54b7d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lorenson, T.D.","contributorId":7715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorenson","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Collett, T. S. 0000-0002-7598-4708","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":86342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hunter, R.B.","contributorId":29538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunter","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70035242,"text":"70035242 - 2011 - Widespread seismicity excitation throughout central Japan following the 2011 M=9.0 Tohoku earthquake and its interpretation by Coulomb stress transfer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-13T21:49:49","indexId":"70035242","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Widespread seismicity excitation throughout central Japan following the 2011 M=9.0 Tohoku earthquake and its interpretation by Coulomb stress transfer","docAbstract":"We report on a broad and unprecedented increase in seismicity rate following the M=9.0 Tohoku mainshock for M ≥ 2 earthquakes over inland Japan, parts of the Japan Sea and Izu islands, at distances of up to 425 km from the locus of high (≥15 m) seismic slip on the megathrust. Such an increase was not seen for the 2004 M=9.1 Sumatra or 2010 M=8.8 Chile earthquakes, but they lacked the seismic networks necessary to detect such small events. Here we explore the possibility that the rate changes are the product of static Coulomb stress transfer to small faults. We use the nodal planes of M ≥ 3.5 earthquakes as proxies for such small active faults, and find that of fifteen regions averaging ~80 by 80 km in size, 11 show a positive association between calculated stress changes and the observed seismicity rate change, 3 show a negative correlation, and for one the changes are too small to assess. This work demonstrates that seismicity can turn on in the nominal stress shadow of a mainshock as long as small geometrically diverse active faults exist there, which is likely quite common.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/2011GL047834","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Toda, S., Stein, R., and Lin, J., 2011, Widespread seismicity excitation throughout central Japan following the 2011 M=9.0 Tohoku earthquake and its interpretation by Coulomb stress transfer: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 38, no. 15, 5 p.; L00G03, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GL047834.","productDescription":"5 p.; L00G03","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475060,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2011gl047834","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":215305,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011GL047834"},{"id":243100,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Japan","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 122.9,24.0 ], [ 122.9,45.5 ], [ 154.0,45.5 ], [ 154.0,24.0 ], [ 122.9,24.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"38","issue":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd0b9e4b08c986b32f013","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Toda, S.","contributorId":102228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toda","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stein, R.S.","contributorId":8875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stein","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lin, J.","contributorId":33065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lin","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70035297,"text":"70035297 - 2011 - Melt fracturing and healing: A mechanism for degassing and origin of silicic obsidian","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-25T19:36:57.270955","indexId":"70035297","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Melt fracturing and healing: A mechanism for degassing and origin of silicic obsidian","docAbstract":"<p><span>We present water content transects across a healed fault in pyroclastic obsidian from Lami pumice cone, Lipari, Italy, using synchrotron Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Results indicate that rhyolite melt degassed through the fault surface. Transects define a trough of low water content coincident with the fault trace, surrounded on either side by high-water-content plateaus. Plateaus indicate that obsidian on either side of the fault equilibrated at different pressure-temperature (</span><i>P</i><span>-</span><i>T</i><span>) conditions before being juxtaposed. The curves into the troughs indicate disequilibrium and water loss through diffusion. If we assume constant T, melt equilibrated at pressures differing by 0.74 MPa before juxtaposition, and the fault acted as a low-</span><i>P</i><span>&nbsp;permeable path for H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O that diffused from the glass within time scales of 10 and 30 min. Assuming constant&nbsp;</span><i>P</i><span>&nbsp;instead, melt on either side could have equilibrated at temperatures differing by as much as 100 °C, before being brought together. Water content on the fault trace is particularly sensitive to post-healing diffusion. Its preserved value indicates either higher temperature or lower pressure than the surroundings, indicative of shear heating and dynamic decompression. Our results reveal that water contents of obsidian on either side of the faults equilibrated under different&nbsp;</span><i>P</i><span>-</span><i>T</i><span>&nbsp;conditions and were out of equilibrium with each other when they were juxtaposed due to faulting immediately before the system was quenched. Degassing due to faulting could be linked to cyclical seismic activity and general degassing during silicic volcanic activity, and could be an efficient mechanism of producing low-water-content obsidian.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America.","doi":"10.1130/G31355.1","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Cabrera, A., Weinberg, R., Wright, H.M., Zlotnik, S., and Cas, R.A., 2011, Melt fracturing and healing: A mechanism for degassing and origin of silicic obsidian: Geology, v. 39, no. 1, p. 67-70, https://doi.org/10.1130/G31355.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"67","endPage":"70","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475311,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2117/90728","text":"External Repository"},{"id":242973,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215190,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G31355.1"}],"volume":"39","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a538de4b0c8380cd6cb73","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cabrera, A.","contributorId":105142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cabrera","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weinberg, R.F.","contributorId":99395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weinberg","given":"R.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wright, Heather M. 0000-0001-9013-507X hwright@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9013-507X","contributorId":3949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Heather","email":"hwright@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":450069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zlotnik, S.","contributorId":18191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zlotnik","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cas, Ray A.F.","contributorId":44361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cas","given":"Ray","email":"","middleInitial":"A.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70035394,"text":"70035394 - 2011 - Shallow conduit system at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, revealed by seismic signals associated with degassing bursts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-10T16:10:47","indexId":"70035394","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shallow conduit system at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, revealed by seismic signals associated with degassing bursts","docAbstract":"Eruptive activity at the summit of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, beginning in March, 2008 and continuing to the present time is characterized by episodic explosive bursts of gas and ash from a vent within Halemaumau Pit Crater. These bursts are accompanied by seismic signals that are well recorded by a broadband network deployed in the summit caldera. We investigate in detail the dimensions and oscillation modes of the source of a representative burst in the 1−10 s band. An extended source is realized by a set of point sources distributed on a grid surrounding the source centroid, where the centroid position and source geometry are fixed from previous modeling of very-long-period (VLP) data in the 10–50 s band. The source time histories of all point sources are obtained simultaneously through waveform inversion carried out in the frequency domain. Short-scale noisy fluctuations of the source time histories between adjacent sources are suppressed with a smoothing constraint, whose strength is determined through a minimization of the Akaike Bayesian Information Criterion (ABIC). Waveform inversions carried out for homogeneous and heterogeneous velocity structures both image a dominant source component in the form of an east trending dike with dimensions of 2.9 × 2.9 km. The dike extends ∼2 km west and ∼0.9 km east of the VLP centroid and spans the depth range 0.2–3.1 km. The source model for a homogeneous velocity structure suggests the dike is hinged at the source centroid where it bends from a strike E 27°N with northern dip of 85° west of the centroid, to a strike E 7°N with northern dip of 80° east of the centroid. The oscillating behavior of the dike is dominated by simple harmonic modes with frequencies ∼0.2 Hz and ∼0.5 Hz, representing the fundamental mode <i>ν</i><sub>11</sub> and first degenerate mode <i>ν</i><sub>12</sub> = <i>ν</i><sub>21</sub> of the dike. Although not strongly supported by data in the 1–10 s band, a north striking dike segment is required for enhanced compatibility with the model elaborated in the 10–50 s band. This dike provides connectivity between the east trending dike and the new vent within Halemaumau Pit Crater. Waveform inversions with a dual-dike model suggest dimensions of 0.7 × 0.7 km to 2.6 × 2.6 km for this segment. Further elaboration of the complex dike system under Halemaumau does not appear to be feasible with presently available data.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/2011JB008677","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Chouet, B., and Dawson, P., 2011, Shallow conduit system at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, revealed by seismic signals associated with degassing bursts: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 116, no. 12, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JB008677.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"B12317","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487252,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2011jb008677","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":215229,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011JB008677"},{"id":243018,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","otherGeospatial":"Kilauea Volcano","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -155.798371,19.056854 ], [ -155.798371,19.550464 ], [ -155.016307,19.550464 ], [ -155.016307,19.056854 ], [ -155.798371,19.056854 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"116","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-12-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8e1ae4b08c986b31872d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chouet, Bernard","contributorId":65485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chouet","given":"Bernard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dawson, Phillip","contributorId":21780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"Phillip","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70035979,"text":"70035979 - 2011 - Derivation of S and Pb in phanerozoic intrusion-related metal deposits from neoproterozoic sedimentary pyrite, Great Basin, United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-01T10:10:42","indexId":"70035979","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Derivation of S and Pb in phanerozoic intrusion-related metal deposits from neoproterozoic sedimentary pyrite, Great Basin, United States","docAbstract":"<p>The thick (≤8 km), regionally extensive section of Neoproterozoic siliciclastic strata (terrigenous detrital succession, TDS) in the central and eastern Great Basin contains sedimentary pyrite characterized by mostly high<span>&nbsp;</span><i>δ</i><sup>34</sup>S values (−11.6 to 40.8‰, &gt;70% exceed 10‰; 51 analyses) derived from reduction of seawater sulfate, and by markedly radiogenic Pb isotopes (<sup>207</sup>Pb/<sup>204</sup>Pb &gt;19.2; 15 analyses) acquired from clastic detritus eroded from Precambrian cratonal rocks to the east-southeast. In the overlying Paleozoic section, Pb-Zn-Cu-Ag-Au deposits associated with Jurassic, Cretaceous, and Tertiary granitic intrusions (intrusion-related metal deposits) contain galena and other sulfide minerals with S and Pb isotope compositions similar to those of TDS sedimentary pyrite, consistent with derivation of deposit S and Pb from TDS pyrite. Minor element abundances in TDS pyrite (e.g., Pb, Zn, Cu, Ag, and Au) compared to sedimentary and hydrothermal pyrite elsewhere are not noticeably elevated, implying that enrichment in source minerals is not a precondition for intrusion-related metal deposits.</p><p>Three mechanisms for transferring components of TDS sedimentary pyrite to intrusion-related metal deposits are qualitatively evaluated. One mechanism involves (1) decomposition of TDS pyrite in thermal aureoles of intruding magmas, and (2) aqueous transport and precipitation in thermal or fluid mixing gradients of isotopically heavy S, radiogenic Pb, and possibly other sedimentary pyrite and detrital mineral components, as sulfide minerals in intrusion-related metal deposits. A second mechanism invokes mixing and S isotope exchange in thermal aureoles of Pb and S exsolved from magma and derived from decomposition of sedimentary pyrite. A third mechanism entails melting of TDS strata or assimilation of TDS strata by crustal or mantle magmas. TDS-derived or assimilated magmas ascend, decompress, and exsolve a mixture of TDS volatiles, including isotopically heavy S and radiogenic Pb from sedimentary pyrite, and volatiles acquired from deeper crustal or mantle sources.</p><p>In the central and eastern Great Basin, the wide distribution and high density of small to mid-sized vein, replacement, and skarn intrusion-related metal deposits in lower Paleozoic rocks that contain TDS sedimentary pyrite S and Pb reflect (1) prolific Jurassic, Cretaceous, and Tertiary magmatism, (2) a regional, substrate reservoir of S and Pb in permeable and homogeneous siliciclastic strata, and (3) relatively small scale concentration of substrate and magmatic components. Large intrusion-related metal deposits in the central and eastern Great Basin acquired S and most Pb from thicker lithospheric sections.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/econgeo.106.5.883","issn":"03610128","usgsCitation":"Vikre, P., Poulson, S., and Koenig, A.E., 2011, Derivation of S and Pb in phanerozoic intrusion-related metal deposits from neoproterozoic sedimentary pyrite, Great Basin, United States: Economic Geology, v. 106, no. 5, p. 883-912, https://doi.org/10.2113/econgeo.106.5.883.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"883","endPage":"912","numberOfPages":"30","ipdsId":"IP-021544","costCenters":[{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244125,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216264,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2113/econgeo.106.5.883"}],"volume":"106","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-07-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fedce4b0c8380cd4ef6d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vikre, Peter G. pvikre@usgs.gov","contributorId":1800,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vikre","given":"Peter G.","email":"pvikre@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":453438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Poulson, S.R.","contributorId":98859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poulson","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Koenig, Alan E. 0000-0002-5230-0924 akoenig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5230-0924","contributorId":1564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koenig","given":"Alan","email":"akoenig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":453437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70035298,"text":"70035298 - 2011 - Impacts of agricultural land use on biological integrity: A causal analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-25T18:59:27.608483","indexId":"70035298","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impacts of agricultural land use on biological integrity: A causal analysis","docAbstract":"<p><span>Agricultural land use has often been linked to nutrient enrichment, habitat degradation, hydrologic alteration, and loss of biotic integrity in streams. The U.S. Geological Survey's National Water Quality Assessment Program sampled 226 stream sites located in eight agriculture‐dominated study units across the United States to investigate the geographic variability and causes of agricultural impacts on stream biotic integrity. In this analysis we used structural equation modeling (SEM) to develop a national and set of regional causal models linking agricultural land use to measured instream conditions. We then examined the direct, indirect, and total effects of agriculture on biotic integrity as it acted through multiple water quality and habitat pathways. In our nation‐wide model, cropland affected benthic communities by both altering structural habitats and by imposing water quality‐related stresses. Region‐specific modeling demonstrated that geographic context altered the relative importance of causal pathways through which agricultural activities affected stream biotic integrity. Cropland had strong negative total effects on the invertebrate community in the national, Midwest, and Western models, but a very weak effect in the Eastern Coastal Plain model. In the Western Arid and Eastern Coastal Plain study regions, cropland impacts were transmitted primarily through dissolved water quality contaminants, but in the Midwestern region, they were transmitted primarily through particulate components of water quality. Habitat effects were important in the Western Arid model, but negligible in the Midwest and Eastern Coastal Plain models. The relative effects of riparian forested wetlands also varied regionally, having positive effects on biotic integrity in the Eastern Coastal Plain and Western Arid region models, but no statistically significant effect in the Midwest. These differences in response to cropland and riparian cover suggest that best management practices and planning for the mitigation of agricultural land use impacts on stream ecosystems should be regionally focused.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/11-0077.1","issn":"10510761","usgsCitation":"Riseng, C., Wiley, M., Black, R.W., and Munn, M., 2011, Impacts of agricultural land use on biological integrity: A causal analysis: Ecological Applications, v. 21, no. 8, p. 3128-3146, https://doi.org/10.1890/11-0077.1.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"3128","endPage":"3146","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475137,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/116919","text":"External Repository"},{"id":383621,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a38e0e4b0c8380cd61706","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Riseng, C.M.","contributorId":9481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riseng","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wiley, M.J.","contributorId":68976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiley","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Black, Robert W. 0000-0002-4748-8213 rwblack@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4748-8213","contributorId":1820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Black","given":"Robert","email":"rwblack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":450075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Munn, M.D.","contributorId":77908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munn","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70036013,"text":"70036013 - 2011 - Nonlinear site response in medium magnitude earthquakes near Parkfield, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-04T15:19:51","indexId":"70036013","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nonlinear site response in medium magnitude earthquakes near Parkfield, California","docAbstract":"Careful analysis of strong-motion recordings of 13 medium magnitude earthquakes (3.7 &le; <i>M</i> &le; 6.5) in the Parkfield, California, area shows that very modest levels of shaking (approximately 3.5% of the acceleration of gravity) can produce observable changes in site response. Specifically, I observe a drop and subsequent recovery of the resonant frequency at sites that are part of the USGS Parkfield dense seismograph array (UPSAR) and Turkey Flat array. While further work is necessary to fully eliminate other models, given that these frequency shifts correlate with the strength of shaking at the Turkey Flat array and only appear for the strongest shaking levels at UPSAR, the most plausible explanation for them is that they are a result of nonlinear site response. Assuming this to be true, the observation of nonlinear site response in small (<i>M</i> <5) earthquakes implies that nonlinear site response can occur at much lower levels of shaking than previously believed. Below I present observations of a resonant frequency shift during five M &le; 5 earthquakes near Parkfield, California, strongly contrasting with previous studies that have only identified nonlinear site effects for much larger events. In addition to the nonlinear effects seen for the smaller events, nonlinear site response is also observed for two largest earthquakes in the region during the study period (the 2003 <i>M</i> 6.5 San Simeon earthquake and the 2004 <i>M</i> 6 Parkfield earthquake).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","publisherLocation":"El Cerrito, CA","doi":"10.1785/0120090396","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Rubinstein, J.L., 2011, Nonlinear site response in medium magnitude earthquakes near Parkfield, California: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 101, no. 1, p. 275-286, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120090396.","startPage":"275","endPage":"286","numberOfPages":"12","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218418,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120090396"},{"id":246421,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"101","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6790e4b0c8380cd733ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rubinstein, Justin L. 0000-0003-1274-6785 jrubinstein@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1274-6785","contributorId":2404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubinstein","given":"Justin","email":"jrubinstein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":453604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70036756,"text":"70036756 - 2011 - Direction of unsaturated flow in a homogeneous and isotropic hillslope","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:57","indexId":"70036756","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Direction of unsaturated flow in a homogeneous and isotropic hillslope","docAbstract":"The distribution of soil moisture in a homogeneous and isotropic hillslope is a transient, variably saturated physical process controlled by rainfall characteristics, hillslope geometry, and the hydrological properties of the hillslope materials. The major driving mechanisms for moisture movement are gravity and gradients in matric potential. The latter is solely controlled by gradients of moisture content. In a homogeneous and isotropic saturated hillslope, absent a gradient in moisture content and under the driving force of gravity with a constant pressure boundary at the slope surface, flow is always in the lateral downslope direction, under either transient or steady state conditions. However, under variably saturated conditions, both gravity and moisture content gradients drive fluid motion, leading to complex flow patterns. In general, the flow field near the ground surface is variably saturated and transient, and the direction of flow could be laterally downslope, laterally upslope, or vertically downward. Previous work has suggested that prevailing rainfall conditions are sufficient to completely control these flow regimes. This work, however, shows that under time-varying rainfall conditions, vertical, downslope, and upslope lateral flow can concurrently occur at different depths and locations within the hillslope. More importantly, we show that the state of wetting or drying in a hillslope defines the temporal and spatial regimes of flow and when and where laterally downslope and/or laterally upslope flow occurs. Copyright 2011 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Resources Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2010WR010003","issn":"00431397","usgsCitation":"Lu, N., Kaya, B., and Godt, J., 2011, Direction of unsaturated flow in a homogeneous and isotropic hillslope: Water Resources Research, v. 47, no. 2, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010WR010003.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217853,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010WR010003"},{"id":245825,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-02-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a01b9e4b0c8380cd4fd24","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lu, N.","contributorId":96025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kaya, B.S.","contributorId":100226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaya","given":"B.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Godt, J. W.","contributorId":76732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godt","given":"J. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70035680,"text":"70035680 - 2011 - The effects of isolation on the demography and genetic diversity of long-lived species: Implications for conservation and management of the gopher tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-09T13:41:02","indexId":"70035680","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1894,"text":"Herpetological Conservation and Biology","onlineIssn":"2151-0733","printIssn":"1931-7603","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effects of isolation on the demography and genetic diversity of long-lived species: Implications for conservation and management of the gopher tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus)","docAbstract":"In the southeastern United States, habitat loss has fragmented the landscape and isolated many populations of this region's flora and fauna, which has presumably resulted in smaller population sizes and reduced levels of genetic diversity. For example, forestry practices and anthropogenic disturbances are both cited as factors fragmenting the once extensive range of Gopherus polyphemus. One localized, but extreme, source of fragmentation was the impoundment of the Chattahoochee River in 1963 to form Walter F. George Reservoir along the border of Georgia and Alabama. The formation of this reservoir isolated populations of G. polyphemus on two newly created islands providing a natural laboratory to explore the demographics and genetic effects of fragmentation on a long-lived species. These populations were first surveyed in 1984 and, 21 years later, we revisited them to collect demographic data and tissue samples for genetic analysis. We genotyped all individuals for 10 microsatellite loci, and we tested these data for bottlenecks and compared them to levels of genetic diversity for populations from other portions of the range. We found 45 and two individuals on the larger and smaller islands, respectively. On the large island, however, the population size was identical to the 1984 survey. Only the population structure based on estimated age differed between the 1984 and 2004 surveys, while population size structure based on carapace length, sex ratio, and sex-specific growth rates did not differ. The population of the large island showed genetic evidence of a past bottleneck. The genetic diversity indices from the population of the large island, however, were comparable to or greater than those found at mainland sites, in particular from western populations.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Herpetological Conservation and Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Herpetological Conservation and Biology","issn":"19317603","usgsCitation":"Ennen, J., Birkhead, R., Kreiser, B., Gaillard, D., Qualls, C., and Lovich, J., 2011, The effects of isolation on the demography and genetic diversity of long-lived species: Implications for conservation and management of the gopher tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus): Herpetological Conservation and Biology, v. 6, no. 2, p. 202-214.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"202","endPage":"214","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244268,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":272151,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://profile.usgs.gov/myscience/upload_folder/ci2012Nov2416114733446Ennen_etal_2011%20gopher%20tortoise%20paper.pdf"}],"volume":"6","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bab86e4b08c986b322ed4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ennen, J.R.","contributorId":108335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ennen","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Birkhead, R.D.","contributorId":32752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Birkhead","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kreiser, B.R.","contributorId":17441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kreiser","given":"B.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gaillard, D.L.","contributorId":103494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaillard","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Qualls, C.P.","contributorId":37983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Qualls","given":"C.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lovich, J.E.","contributorId":102411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovich","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70036300,"text":"70036300 - 2011 - Habitat suitability and nest survival of white-headed woodpeckers in unburned forests of Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-31T15:40:34","indexId":"70036300","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat suitability and nest survival of white-headed woodpeckers in unburned forests of Oregon","docAbstract":"<p><span>We evaluated habitat suitability and nest survival of breeding white-headed woodpeckers (</span><i>Picoides albolarvatus</i><span>) in unburned forests of central Oregon, USA. Daily nest-survival rate was positively related to maximum daily temperature during the nest interval and to density of large-diameter trees surrounding the nest tree. We developed a niche-based habitat suitability model (partitioned Mahalanobis distance) for nesting white-headed woodpeckers using remotely sensed data. Along with low elevation, high density of large trees, and low slope, our habitat suitability model suggested that interspersion–juxtaposition of low- and high-canopy cover ponderosa pine (</span><i>Pinus ponderosa</i><span>) patches was important for nest-site suitability. Cross-validation suggested the model performed adequately for management planning at a scale &gt;1 ha. Evaluation of mapped habitat suitability index (HSI) suggested that the maximum predictive gain (HSI = 0.36), where the number of nest locations are maximized in the smallest proportion of the modeled landscape, provided an objective initial threshold for identification of suitable habitat. However, managers can choose the threshold HSI most appropriate for their purposes (e.g., locating regions of low–moderate suitability that have potential for habitat restoration). Consequently, our habitat suitability model may be useful for managing dry coniferous forests for white-headed woodpeckers in central Oregon; however, model validation is necessary before our model could be applied to other locations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.146","usgsCitation":"Hollenbeck, J.P., Saab, V.A., and Frenzel, R.W., 2011, Habitat suitability and nest survival of white-headed woodpeckers in unburned forests of Oregon: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 75, no. 5, p. 1061-1071, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.146.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1061","endPage":"1071","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246474,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"75","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2f2de4b0c8380cd5cb64","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hollenbeck, Jeff P. 0000-0001-6481-5354 jhollenbeck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6481-5354","contributorId":5130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hollenbeck","given":"Jeff","email":"jhollenbeck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":455378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Saab, Victoria A.","contributorId":82963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saab","given":"Victoria","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Frenzel, Richard W.","contributorId":42311,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Frenzel","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70036301,"text":"70036301 - 2011 - An empirical model of the quiet daily geomagnetic field variation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-19T20:38:35.706332","indexId":"70036301","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2313,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research A: Space Physics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An empirical model of the quiet daily geomagnetic field variation","docAbstract":"<p><span class=\"paraNumber\"><span>&nbsp;</span></span><span>An empirical model of the quiet daily geomagnetic field variation has been constructed based on geomagnetic data obtained from 21 stations along the 210 Magnetic Meridian of the Circum‐pan Pacific Magnetometer Network (CPMN) from 1996 to 2007. Using the least squares fitting method for geomagnetically quiet days (</span><i>Kp</i><span>&nbsp;≤ 2+), the quiet daily geomagnetic field variation at each station was described as a function of solar activity&nbsp;</span><i>SA</i><span>, day of year&nbsp;</span><i>DOY</i><span>, lunar age&nbsp;</span><i>LA</i><span>, and local time&nbsp;</span><i>LT</i><span>. After interpolation in latitude, the model can describe solar‐activity dependence and seasonal dependence of solar quiet daily variations (S) and lunar quiet daily variations (L). We performed a spherical harmonic analysis (SHA) on these S and L variations to examine average characteristics of the equivalent external current systems. We found three particularly noteworthy results. First, the total current intensity of the S current system is largely controlled by solar activity while its focus position is not significantly affected by solar activity. Second, we found that seasonal variations of the S current intensity exhibit north‐south asymmetry; the current intensity of the northern vortex shows a prominent annual variation while the southern vortex shows a clear semi‐annual variation as well as annual variation. Thirdly, we found that the total intensity of the L current system changes depending on solar activity and season; seasonal variations of the L current intensity show an enhancement during the December solstice, independent of the level of solar activity.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2011JA016487","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Yamazaki, Y., Yumoto, K., Cardinal, M., Fraser, B., Hattori, P., Kakinami, Y., Liu, J., Lynn, K., Marshall, R., McNamara, D., Nagatsuma, T., Nikiforov, V., Otadoy, R., Ruhimat, M., Shevtsov, B., Shiokawa, K., Abe, S., Uozumi, T., and Yoshikawa, A., 2011, An empirical model of the quiet daily geomagnetic field variation: Journal of Geophysical Research A: Space Physics, v. 116, no. 10, A10312, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JA016487.","productDescription":"A10312, 21 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475142,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"text":"External Repository"},{"id":246508,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218491,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011JA016487"}],"otherGeospatial":"Circum‐pan Pacific Magnetometer Network","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              110.390625,\n              -44.59046718130883\n            ],\n            [\n              154.3359375,\n              -44.59046718130883\n            ],\n            [\n              154.3359375,\n              56.36525013685606\n            ],\n            [\n              110.390625,\n              56.36525013685606\n            ],\n            [\n              110.390625,\n              -44.59046718130883\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"116","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-10-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea38e4b0c8380cd486f9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yamazaki, Y.","contributorId":76606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yamazaki","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yumoto, K.","contributorId":107551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yumoto","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cardinal, M.G.","contributorId":92934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cardinal","given":"M.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fraser, B.J.","contributorId":18237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fraser","given":"B.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hattori, P.","contributorId":59689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hattori","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kakinami, Y.","contributorId":51612,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kakinami","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Liu, J.Y.","contributorId":18639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"J.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lynn, K.J.W.","contributorId":14270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lynn","given":"K.J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Marshall, R.","contributorId":105181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marshall","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"McNamara, D.","contributorId":81743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNamara","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Nagatsuma, T.","contributorId":46372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagatsuma","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Nikiforov, V.M.","contributorId":11075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nikiforov","given":"V.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Otadoy, R.E.","contributorId":87425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Otadoy","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Ruhimat, M.","contributorId":105182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruhimat","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Shevtsov, B.M.","contributorId":62894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shevtsov","given":"B.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Shiokawa, K.","contributorId":70658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shiokawa","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Abe, S.","contributorId":53666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abe","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Uozumi, T.","contributorId":88621,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Uozumi","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Yoshikawa, A.","contributorId":70659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yoshikawa","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19}]}}
,{"id":70036303,"text":"70036303 - 2011 - Seismic and geodetic signatures of fault slip at the Slumgullion Landslide Natural Laboratory","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-10T14:25:02","indexId":"70036303","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic and geodetic signatures of fault slip at the Slumgullion Landslide Natural Laboratory","docAbstract":"We tested the hypothesis that the Slumgullion landslide is a useful natural laboratory for observing fault slip, specifically that slip along its basal surface and side-bounding strike-slip faults occurs with comparable richness of aseismic and seismic modes as along crustal- and plate-scale boundaries. Our study provides new constraints on models governing landslide motion. We monitored landslide deformation with temporary deployments of a 29-element prism array surveyed by a robotic theodolite and an 88-station seismic network that complemented permanent extensometers and environmental instrumentation. Aseismic deformation observations show that large blocks of the landslide move steadily at approximately centimeters per day, possibly punctuated by variations of a few millimeters, while localized transient slip episodes of blocks less than a few tens of meters across occur frequently. We recorded a rich variety of seismic signals, nearly all of which originated outside the monitoring network boundaries or from the side-bounding strike-slip faults. The landslide basal surface beneath our seismic network likely slipped almost completely aseismically. Our results provide independent corroboration of previous inferences that dilatant strengthening along sections of the side-bounding strike-slip faults controls the overall landslide motion, acting as seismically radiating brakes that limit acceleration of the aseismically slipping basal surface. Dilatant strengthening has also been invoked in recent models of transient slip and tremor sources along crustal- and plate-scale faults suggesting that the landslide may indeed be a useful natural laboratory for testing predictions of specific mechanisms that control fault slip at all scales.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/2011JB008304","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Gomberg, J., Schulz, W., Bodin, P., and Kean, J., 2011, Seismic and geodetic signatures of fault slip at the Slumgullion Landslide Natural Laboratory: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 116, no. 9, 20 p.; B09404, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JB008304.","productDescription":"20 p.; B09404","costCenters":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246543,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218523,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011JB008304"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Hinsdale County","otherGeospatial":"Slumgullion Landslide","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -107.5857,37.4209 ], [ -107.5857,38.1468 ], [ -106.9978,38.1468 ], [ -106.9978,37.4209 ], [ -107.5857,37.4209 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"116","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-09-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8aeee4b08c986b31748d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gomberg, J.","contributorId":95994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gomberg","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schulz, W.","contributorId":6641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schulz","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bodin, P.","contributorId":29554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodin","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kean, J.","contributorId":62447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kean","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70035681,"text":"70035681 - 2011 - Effect of cryopreservation and in vitro culture of bovine fibroblasts on histone acetylation levels and in vitro development of hand-made cloned embryos","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-17T18:57:38.542342","indexId":"70035681","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3816,"text":"Zygote","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of cryopreservation and in vitro culture of bovine fibroblasts on histone acetylation levels and in vitro development of hand-made cloned embryos","docAbstract":"<p><span>In this study, the relative acetylation levels of histone 3 in lysine 9 (H3K9ac) in cultured and cryopreserved bovine fibroblasts was measured and we determined the influence of the epigenetic status of three cultured (C1, C2 and C3) donor cell lines on the&nbsp;</span><span class=\"italic\">in vitro</span><span>&nbsp;development of reconstructed bovine embryos. Results showed that cryopreservation did not alter the overall acetylation levels of H3K9 in bovine fibroblasts analysed immediately after thawing (frozen/thawed) compared with fibroblasts cultured for a period of time after thawing. However, reduced cleavage rates were noted in embryos reconstructed with fibroblasts used immediately after thawing. Cell passage affects the levels of H3K9ac in bovine fibroblasts, decreasing after P1 and donor cells with lower H3K9ac produced a greater frequency of embryo development to the blastocyst stage. Cryopreservation did not influence the total cell and ICM numbers, or the ICM/TPD ratios of reconstructed embryos. However, the genetic source of donor cells did influence the total number of cells and the trophectoderm cell numbers, and the cell passage influenced the total ICM cell numbers.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/S0967199410000316","issn":"09671994","usgsCitation":"Chacon, L., Gomez, M., Jenkins, J., Leibo, S., Wirtu, G., Dresser, B., and Pope, C., 2011, Effect of cryopreservation and in vitro culture of bovine fibroblasts on histone acetylation levels and in vitro development of hand-made cloned embryos: Zygote, v. 19, no. 3, p. 255-264, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0967199410000316.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"255","endPage":"264","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244295,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216425,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0967199410000316"}],"volume":"19","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a05cce4b0c8380cd50f7f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chacon, L.","contributorId":64913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chacon","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gomez, M.C.","contributorId":67704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gomez","given":"M.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jenkins, J.A. 0000-0002-5087-0894","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5087-0894","contributorId":51703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenkins","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":451856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Leibo, S.P.","contributorId":102704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leibo","given":"S.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wirtu, G.","contributorId":24569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wirtu","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dresser, B.L.","contributorId":56841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dresser","given":"B.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pope, C.E.","contributorId":96064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pope","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70036224,"text":"70036224 - 2011 - The Augustine magmatic system as revealed by seismic tomography and relocated earthquake hypocenters from 1994 through 2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-25T18:19:27.614522","indexId":"70036224","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Augustine magmatic system as revealed by seismic tomography and relocated earthquake hypocenters from 1994 through 2009","docAbstract":"<p><span>We incorporate 14 years of earthquake data from the Alaska Volcano Observatory with data from a 1975 controlled‐source seismic experiment to obtain the three‐dimensional P and S wave velocity structure and the first high‐precision earthquake locations at Augustine Volcano to be calculated in a fully three‐dimensional velocity model. Velocity tomography shows two main features beneath Augustine: a narrow, high‐velocity column beneath the summit, extending from ∼2 km depth to the surface, and elevated velocities on the south flank. Our relocation results allow a thorough analysis of the spatio‐temoral patterns of seismicity and the relationship to the magmatic and eruptive activity. Background seismicity is centered beneath the summit at an average depth of 0.6 km above sea level. In the weeks leading to the January 2006 eruption of Augustine, seismicity focused on a NW‐SE line along the trend of an inflating dike. A series of drumbeat earthquakes occurred in the early weeks of the eruption, indicating further magma transport through the same dike system. During the six months following the onset of the eruption, the otherwise quiescent region 1 to 5 km below sea level centered beneath the summit became seismically active with two groups of earthquakes, differentiated by frequency content. The deep longer‐period earthquakes occurred during the eruption and are interpreted as resulting from the movement of magma toward the summit, and the post‐eruptive shorter‐period earthquakes may be due to the relaxation of an emptied magma tube. The seismicity subsequently returned to its normal background rates and patterns.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2010JB008129","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Syracuse, E., Thurber, C., and Power, J.A., 2011, The Augustine magmatic system as revealed by seismic tomography and relocated earthquake hypocenters from 1994 through 2009: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 116, no. 9, B09306, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JB008129.","productDescription":"B09306, 11 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475123,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2010jb008129","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":246305,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218306,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010JB008129"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Augustine Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -157.1484375,\n              57.18390185831188\n            ],\n            [\n              -142.470703125,\n              57.18390185831188\n            ],\n            [\n              -142.470703125,\n              61.938950426660604\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.1484375,\n              61.938950426660604\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.1484375,\n              57.18390185831188\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"116","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-09-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba690e4b08c986b3211e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Syracuse, E.M.","contributorId":28108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Syracuse","given":"E.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thurber, C.H.","contributorId":28617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurber","given":"C.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Power, John A. 0000-0002-7233-4398 jpower@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7233-4398","contributorId":2768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Power","given":"John","email":"jpower@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":454976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70194902,"text":"70194902 - 2011 - Waste isolation and contaminant migration - Tools and techniques for monitoring the saturated zone-unsaturated zone-plant-atmosphere continuum","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-27T11:31:43","indexId":"70194902","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"seriesNumber":"NUREG/CP-0195","chapter":"3.5.1","title":"Waste isolation and contaminant migration - Tools and techniques for monitoring the saturated zone-unsaturated zone-plant-atmosphere continuum","docAbstract":"<div>In 1976 the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began studies of unsaturated zone hydrology next to the Nation’s first commercial disposal facility for low-level radioactive waste (LLRW) near Beatty, NV. Recognizing the need for long-term data collection, the USGS in 1983 established research management areas in the vicinity of the waste-burial facility through agreements with the Bureau of Land Management and the State of Nevada. Within this framework, the Amargosa Desert Research Site (ADRS; http://nevada.usgs.gov/adrs/) is serving as a field laboratory for the sustained study of water-, gas-, and contaminant-transport processes, and the development of models and methods to characterize flow and transport. The research is built on multiple lines of data that include: micrometeorology; evapotranspiration; plant metrics; soil and sediment properties; unsaturated-zone moisture, temperature, and gas composition; geology and geophysics; and groundwater. Contaminant data include tritium, radiocarbon, volatile-organic compounds (VOCs), and elemental mercury. Presented here is a summary of monitoring tools and techniques that are being applied in studies of waste isolation and contaminant migration.</div>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the workshop on engineered barrier performance related to low-level radioactive waste, decommissioning, and uranium mill tailings facilities (NUREG/CP-0195)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Workshop on engineered barrier performance related to low-level radioactive waste, decommissioning, and uranium mill tailings facilities","conferenceDate":"August 3-5, 2010","conferenceLocation":"Rockville, MD","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research","usgsCitation":"Andraski, B.J., and Stonestrom, D.A., 2011, Waste isolation and contaminant migration - Tools and techniques for monitoring the saturated zone-unsaturated zone-plant-atmosphere continuum, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the workshop on engineered barrier performance related to low-level radioactive waste, decommissioning, and uranium mill tailings facilities (NUREG/CP-0195), Rockville, MD, August 3-5, 2010, p. 3-5-3-8.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"3-5","endPage":"3-8","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350734,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/doc-collections/nuregs/conference/cp0195/"},{"id":350735,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a6d9dd3e4b06e28e9cac2b7","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Nicholson, T.J.","contributorId":75977,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nicholson","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726051,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arlt, H.D.","contributorId":17492,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arlt","given":"H.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726052,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Andraski, Brian J. 0000-0002-2086-0417 andraski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2086-0417","contributorId":168800,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andraski","given":"Brian","email":"andraski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":38175,"text":"Toxics Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":726049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stonestrom, David A. 0000-0001-7883-3385 dastones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7883-3385","contributorId":2280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stonestrom","given":"David","email":"dastones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":726050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70196545,"text":"70196545 - 2011 - Dispersal, mortality, and predation on recently-stocked rainbow trout in Dale Hollow Lake, Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-16T17:04:42","indexId":"70196545","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3139,"text":"Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dispersal, mortality, and predation on recently-stocked rainbow trout in Dale Hollow Lake, Tennessee","docAbstract":"<p><span>Forty-four hatchery-raised rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were implanted with ultrasonic tags and stocked into Dale Hollow Lake, Tennessee, and tracked at least once per week for eight weeks to describe post-stocking dispersal rates, movements, and habitat use. Dispersal followed a three-stage pattern characterized by rapid movement away from each stocking site during the first week, relatively little dispersal during the next three weeks, and further dispersion during the final four weeks that fish were tracked. Rainbow trout exhibited a strong affinity for coves and were rarely encountered in the main channel. Tagged fish stocked in March exhibited lower mortality (Zweekly = 0.027) than those stocked in January (Zweekly = 0.062) during the first eight weeks post-stocking. Diets of potential predators in Dale Hollow Lake were examined. Walleye (Sander vitreus), smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu), largemouth bass (M. salmoides), and holdover rainbow trout all preyed on recently stocked trout. Larger walleye were more likely to prey on stocked rainbow trout, and walleye of all sizes tended to prey on the smaller trout in each stocked cohort. Walleye were more likely to feed on rainbow trout during January than March. Effective stocking strategies should focus on reducing predation by stocking larger rainbow trout or by stocking when predation risk is minimized (i.e., March).</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"SEAFWA","usgsCitation":"Ivasauskas, T.J., and Bettoli, P.W., 2011, Dispersal, mortality, and predation on recently-stocked rainbow trout in Dale Hollow Lake, Tennessee: Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies, v. 65, p. 83-91.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"83","endPage":"91","ipdsId":"IP-024576","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":353473,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":353472,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.seafwa.org/publications/proceedings/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Tennessee","otherGeospatial":"Dale Hollow Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -85.46985626220703,\n              36.50135727459895\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.3634262084961,\n              36.50135727459895\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.3634262084961,\n              36.586863023441836\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.46985626220703,\n              36.586863023441836\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.46985626220703,\n              36.50135727459895\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"65","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afef55ee4b0da30c1bfc8f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ivasauskas, Tomas J.","contributorId":84176,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ivasauskas","given":"Tomas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":733591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bettoli, Phillip William pbettoli@usgs.gov","contributorId":1919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bettoli","given":"Phillip","email":"pbettoli@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"William","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":733529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70156536,"text":"70156536 - 2011 - Infectious disease and quality assurance considerations for the transfer of cryopreserved fish gametes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-09T17:24:54.600434","indexId":"70156536","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Infectious disease and quality assurance considerations for the transfer of cryopreserved fish gametes","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Cryopreservation in aquatic species","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"The World Aquaculture Society","publisherLocation":"Baton Rouge","isbn":"9781888807202","usgsCitation":"Jenkins, J.A., 2011, Infectious disease and quality assurance considerations for the transfer of cryopreserved fish gametes, chap. <i>of</i> Cryopreservation in aquatic species, p. 939-959.","productDescription":"31 p.","startPage":"939","endPage":"959","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-027661","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307312,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"2nd","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57fe7fede4b0824b2d1479fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jenkins, Jill A. 0000-0002-5087-0894 jenkinsj@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5087-0894","contributorId":2710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenkins","given":"Jill","email":"jenkinsj@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":569428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70039548,"text":"70039548 - 2011 - Responses of wind erosion to climate-induced vegetation changes on the Colorado Plateau","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-08T19:30:44.946468","indexId":"70039548","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3164,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Responses of wind erosion to climate-induced vegetation changes on the Colorado Plateau","docAbstract":"<p><span>Projected increases in aridity throughout the southwestern United States due to anthropogenic climate change will likely cause reductions in perennial vegetation cover, which leaves soil surfaces exposed to erosion. Accelerated rates of dust emission from wind erosion have large implications for ecosystems and human well-being, yet there is poor understanding of the sources and magnitude of dust emission in a hotter and drier climate. Here we use a two-stage approach to compare the susceptibility of grasslands and three different shrublands to wind erosion on the Colorado Plateau and demonstrate how climate can indirectly moderate the magnitude of aeolian sediment flux through different responses of dominant plants in these communities. First, using results from 20&nbsp;y of vegetation monitoring, we found perennial grass cover in grasslands declined with increasing mean annual temperature in the previous year, whereas shrub cover in shrublands either showed no change or declined as temperature increased, depending on the species. Second, we used these vegetation monitoring results and measurements of soil stability as inputs into a field-validated wind erosion model and found that declines in perennial vegetation cover coupled with disturbance to biological soil crust resulted in an exponential increase in modeled aeolian sediment flux. Thus the effects of increased temperature on perennial plant cover and the correlation of declining plant cover with increased aeolian flux strongly suggest that sustained drought conditions across the southwest will accelerate the likelihood of dust production in the future on disturbed soil surfaces.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1014947108","usgsCitation":"Munson, S.M., Belnap, J., and Okin, G.S., 2011, Responses of wind erosion to climate-induced vegetation changes on the Colorado Plateau: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v. 108, no. 10, p. 3854-3859, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1014947108.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"3854","endPage":"3859","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475208,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1014947108","text":"External Repository"},{"id":259593,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Colorado Plateau","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -111.1541748046875,\n              37.09900294387622\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.22607421875,\n              37.09900294387622\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.22607421875,\n              38.94659331893374\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.1541748046875,\n              38.94659331893374\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.1541748046875,\n              37.09900294387622\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"108","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-02-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaab2e4b0c8380cd864a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Munson, Seth M. 0000-0002-2736-6374 smunson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2736-6374","contributorId":1334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munson","given":"Seth","email":"smunson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Belnap, Jayne 0000-0001-7471-2279 jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7471-2279","contributorId":1332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belnap","given":"Jayne","email":"jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Okin, Gregory S.","contributorId":50025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Okin","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70034411,"text":"70034411 - 2011 - Digital hydrologic networks supporting applications related to spatially referenced regression modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-22T11:51:43.894857","indexId":"70034411","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Digital hydrologic networks supporting applications related to spatially referenced regression modeling","docAbstract":"<p><span>Digital hydrologic networks depicting surface‐water pathways and their associated drainage catchments provide a key component to hydrologic analysis and modeling. Collectively, they form common spatial units that can be used to frame the descriptions of aquatic and watershed processes. In addition, they provide the ability to simulate and route the movement of water and associated constituents throughout the landscape. Digital hydrologic networks have evolved from derivatives of mapping products to detailed, interconnected, spatially referenced networks of water pathways, drainage areas, and stream and watershed characteristics. These properties are important because they enhance the ability to spatially evaluate factors that affect the sources and transport of water‐quality constituents at various scales. SPAtially Referenced Regressions On Watershed attributes (SPARROW), a process‐based/statistical model, relies on a digital hydrologic network in order to establish relations between quantities of monitored contaminant flux, contaminant sources, and the associated physical characteristics affecting contaminant transport. Digital hydrologic networks modified from the River Reach File (RF1) and National Hydrography Dataset (NHD) geospatial datasets provided frameworks for SPARROW in six regions of the conterminous United States. In addition, characteristics of the modified RF1 were used to update estimates of mean‐annual streamflow. This produced more current flow estimates for use in SPARROW modeling.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00578.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Brakebill, J., Wolock, D., and Terziotti, S., 2011, Digital hydrologic networks supporting applications related to spatially referenced regression modeling: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 47, no. 5, p. 916-932, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00578.x.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"916","endPage":"932","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475217,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00578.x","text":"External Repository"},{"id":244564,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0120e4b0c8380cd4fadf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brakebill, J. W.","contributorId":48206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brakebill","given":"J. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wolock, D.M. 0000-0002-6209-938X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6209-938X","contributorId":36601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolock","given":"D.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Terziotti, S.E.","contributorId":6287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Terziotti","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70035328,"text":"70035328 - 2011 - Satellite and ground observations of the June 2009 eruption of Sarychev Peak volcano, Matua Island, Central Kuriles","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-08T12:37:22.253723","indexId":"70035328","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1109,"text":"Bulletin of Volcanology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Satellite and ground observations of the June 2009 eruption of Sarychev Peak volcano, Matua Island, Central Kuriles","docAbstract":"<p><span>After 33&nbsp;years of repose, one of the most active volcanoes of the Kurile island arc—Sarychev Peak on Matua Island in the Central Kuriles—erupted violently on June 11, 2009. The eruption lasted 9&nbsp;days and stands among the largest of recent historical eruptions in the Kurile Island chain. Satellite monitoring of the eruption, using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, Meteorological Agency Multifunctional Transport Satellite, and Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer data, indicated at least 23 separate explosions between 11 and 16 June 2009. Eruptive clouds reached altitudes of generally 8–16&nbsp;km above sea level (ASL) and in some cases up to 21&nbsp;km asl. Clouds of volcanic ash and gas stretched to the north and northwest up to 1,500&nbsp;km and to the southeast for more than 3,000&nbsp;km. For the first time in recorded history, ash fall occurred on Sakhalin Island and in the northeast sector of the Khabarovsky Region, Russia. Based on satellite image analysis and reconnaissance field studies in the summer of 2009, the eruption produced explosive tephra deposits with an estimated bulk volume of 0.4&nbsp;km</span><sup>3</sup><span>. The eruption is considered to have a Volcanic Explosivity Index of 4. Because the volcano is remote, there was minimal risk to people or infrastructure on the ground. Aviation transport, however, was significantly disrupted because of the proximity of air routes to the volcano.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00445-011-0481-0","issn":"02588900","usgsCitation":"Rybin, A., Chibisova, M., Webley, P., Steensen, T., Izbekov, P., Neal, C.A., and Realmuto, V., 2011, Satellite and ground observations of the June 2009 eruption of Sarychev Peak volcano, Matua Island, Central Kuriles: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 73, no. 9, p. 1377-1392, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-011-0481-0.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1377","endPage":"1392","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242939,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Russia, Japan","otherGeospatial":"Kuril Islands","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              145.72265625,\n              42.293564192170095\n            ],\n            [\n              155.21484375,\n              46.558860303117164\n            ],\n            [\n              159.697265625,\n              52.3755991766591\n            ],\n            [\n              154.599609375,\n              52.855864177853974\n            ],\n            [\n              146.6015625,\n              46.49839225859763\n            ],\n            [\n              143.173828125,\n              45.089035564831036\n            ],\n            [\n              145.72265625,\n              42.293564192170095\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"73","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b86cee4b08c986b316133","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rybin, A.","contributorId":83754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rybin","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chibisova, M.","contributorId":39212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chibisova","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Webley, P.","contributorId":96915,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Webley","given":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":13097,"text":"Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":450209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Steensen, T.","contributorId":108331,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steensen","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Izbekov, P.","contributorId":46748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Izbekov","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Neal, Christina A. 0000-0002-7697-7825 tneal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7697-7825","contributorId":131135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neal","given":"Christina","email":"tneal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":450208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Realmuto, V.","contributorId":50746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Realmuto","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70035331,"text":"70035331 - 2011 - The dynamics, transmission, and population impacts of avian malaria in native hawaiian birds: A modeling approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-24T20:50:15.383195","indexId":"70035331","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The dynamics, transmission, and population impacts of avian malaria in native hawaiian birds: A modeling approach","docAbstract":"<p><span>We developed an epidemiological model of avian malaria (</span><i>Plasmodium relictum</i><span>) across an altitudinal gradient on the island of Hawaii that includes the dynamics of the host, vector, and parasite. This introduced mosquito‐borne disease is hypothesized to have contributed to extinctions and major shifts in the altitudinal distribution of highly susceptible native forest birds. Our goal was to better understand how biotic and abiotic factors influence the intensity of malaria transmission and impact on susceptible populations of native Hawaiian forest birds. Our model illustrates key patterns in the malaria–forest bird system: high malaria transmission in low‐elevation forests with minor seasonal or annual variation in infection; episodic transmission in mid‐elevation forests with site‐to‐site, seasonal, and annual variation depending on mosquito dynamics; and disease refugia in high‐elevation forests with only slight risk of infection during summer. These infection patterns are driven by temperature and rainfall effects on parasite incubation period and mosquito dynamics across an elevational gradient and the availability of larval habitat, especially in mid‐elevation forests. The results from our model suggest that disease is likely a key factor in causing population decline or restricting the distribution of many susceptible Hawaiian species and preventing the recovery of other vulnerable species. The model also provides a framework for the evaluation of factors influencing disease transmission and alternative disease control programs, and to evaluate the impact of climate change on disease cycles and bird populations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/10-1311.1","issn":"10510761","usgsCitation":"Samuel, M.D., Hobbelen, P., Decastro, F., Ahumada, J.A., Lapointe, D., Atkinson, C.T., Woodworth, B.L., Hart, P., and Duffy, D., 2011, The dynamics, transmission, and population impacts of avian malaria in native hawaiian birds: A modeling approach: Ecological Applications, v. 21, no. 8, p. 2960-2973, https://doi.org/10.1890/10-1311.1.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"2960","endPage":"2973","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":502575,"rank":10001,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/the-dynamics-transmission-and-population-impacts-of-avian-malaria","text":"External Repository"},{"id":486673,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P1475TVO","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Island of Hawaii forest bird malaria infection data 2001-2005"},{"id":243009,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215222,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/10-1311.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -160.94970703125,\n              18.083200903334312\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.80859375,\n              18.083200903334312\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.80859375,\n              23.019076187293035\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.94970703125,\n              23.019076187293035\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.94970703125,\n              18.083200903334312\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baaece4b08c986b322ad4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Samuel, Michael D. msamuel@usgs.gov","contributorId":1419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Samuel","given":"Michael","email":"msamuel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":450219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hobbelen, P.H.F.","contributorId":94493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hobbelen","given":"P.H.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Decastro, F.","contributorId":73429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Decastro","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ahumada, Jorge A.","contributorId":14788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ahumada","given":"Jorge","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"LaPointe, Dennis A. 0000-0002-6323-263X dlapointe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6323-263X","contributorId":150365,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaPointe","given":"Dennis","email":"dlapointe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":450223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Atkinson, Carter T. 0000-0002-4232-5335 catkinson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4232-5335","contributorId":1124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atkinson","given":"Carter","email":"catkinson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":450220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Woodworth, Bethany L.","contributorId":214728,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woodworth","given":"Bethany","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":38381,"text":"University of New England","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":450225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hart, P.J.","contributorId":104260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Duffy, D.C.","contributorId":43473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duffy","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70035842,"text":"70035842 - 2011 - Biogeochemical processes on tree islands in the greater everglades: Initiating a new paradigm","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-09T18:37:53.490592","indexId":"70035842","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1345,"text":"Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biogeochemical processes on tree islands in the greater everglades: Initiating a new paradigm","docAbstract":"<p><span>Scientists’ understanding of the role of tree islands in the Everglades has evolved from a plant community of minor biogeochemical importance to a plant community recognized as the driving force for localized phosphorus accumulation within the landscape. Results from this review suggest that tree transpiration, nutrient infiltration from the soil surface, and groundwater flow create a soil zone of confluence where nutrients and salts accumulate under the head of a tree island during dry periods. Results also suggest accumulated salts and nutrients are flushed downstream by regional water flows during wet periods. That trees modulate their environment to create biogeochemical hot spots and strong nutrient gradients is a significant ecological paradigm shift in the understanding of the biogeochemical processes in the Everglades. In terms of island sustainability, this new paradigm suggests the need for distinct dry-wet cycles as well as a hydrologic regime that supports tree survival. Restoration of historic tree islands needs further investigation but the creation of functional tree islands is promising.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis Online","doi":"10.1080/10643389.2010.530908","issn":"10643389","usgsCitation":"Wetzel, P., Sklar, F.H., Coronado, C., Troxler, T., Krupa, S., Sullivan, P., Ewe, S., Price, R., Newman, S., and Orem, W.H., 2011, Biogeochemical processes on tree islands in the greater everglades: Initiating a new paradigm: Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, v. 41, no. SUPPL. 1, p. 670-701, https://doi.org/10.1080/10643389.2010.530908.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"670","endPage":"701","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244368,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216494,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10643389.2010.530908"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Everglades","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -81.7657470703125,\n              26.05678288577881\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.3812255859375,\n              25.745477067368604\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.2109375,\n              25.44823489808649\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.199951171875,\n              25.299337565234087\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.15600585937499,\n              25.075648445630527\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.7879638671875,\n              25.095548539604252\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.408935546875,\n              25.23475847023373\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.419921875,\n              25.64152637306577\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.37597656249999,\n              26.046912801683984\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.1507568359375,\n              26.322960198925365\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.2001953125,\n              26.676913083105454\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.4473876953125,\n              26.765230565697482\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.57922363281249,\n              26.534479888888043\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.0406494140625,\n              26.519735305660795\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.0845947265625,\n              26.28356493253137\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.5679931640625,\n              26.254009699865737\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.7657470703125,\n              26.05678288577881\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"41","issue":"SUPPL. 1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f153e4b0c8380cd4abc5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wetzel, P.R.","contributorId":15861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wetzel","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sklar, Fred H.","contributorId":23327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sklar","given":"Fred","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Coronado, C.A.","contributorId":51128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coronado","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Troxler, T.G.","contributorId":98975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Troxler","given":"T.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Krupa, S.L.","contributorId":17265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krupa","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sullivan, P.L.","contributorId":105148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"P.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ewe, S.","contributorId":23359,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ewe","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Price, R.M.","contributorId":98566,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Price","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Newman, S.","contributorId":7678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newman","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Orem, William H. 0000-0003-4990-0539 borem@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4990-0539","contributorId":577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orem","given":"William","email":"borem@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":452697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
]}