{"pageNumber":"1804","pageRowStart":"45075","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46619,"records":[{"id":70210291,"text":"70210291 - 1971 - Flood-prone areas in the Napa River drainage basin, Napa County, California, including St. Helena, Rutherford, Yountville, Napa, and Cuttings Wharf 7 1/2-minute quadrangles","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-24T21:57:25.249767","indexId":"70210291","displayToPublicDate":"1971-12-31T15:46:03","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5961,"text":"Basic Data Contribution","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"seriesNumber":"15","title":"Flood-prone areas in the Napa River drainage basin, Napa County, California, including St. Helena, Rutherford, Yountville, Napa, and Cuttings Wharf 7 1/2-minute quadrangles","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70210291","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey, 1971, Flood-prone areas in the Napa River drainage basin, Napa County, California, including St. Helena, Rutherford, Yountville, Napa, and Cuttings Wharf 7 1/2-minute quadrangles (Revised 1971): Basic Data Contribution 15, 5 Plates: 21.51 x 26.85 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/70210291.","productDescription":"5 Plates: 21.51 x 26.85 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":401020,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_76225.htm"},{"id":401007,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210291/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401006,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210291/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401004,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210291/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401003,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210291/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401005,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210291/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":396456,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210291/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Napa County","otherGeospatial":"St. Helena, Rutherford, Yountville, Napa, and Cuttings Wharf 7 1/2-minute quadrangles","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.5,\n              38.625\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.25,\n              38.625\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.25,\n              38.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.5,\n              38.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.5,\n              38.625\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Revised 1971","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":147999,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"U.S. Geological Survey","id":836000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70210298,"text":"70210298 - 1971 - Precipitation depth-duration-frequency relations for the San Francisco Bay region, California, with isohyetal map of San Francisco Bay region, California, showing mean annual precipitation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-25T18:29:34.592691","indexId":"70210298","displayToPublicDate":"1971-12-31T14:04:00","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5961,"text":"Basic Data Contribution","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"seriesNumber":"25","title":"Precipitation depth-duration-frequency relations for the San Francisco Bay region, California, with isohyetal map of San Francisco Bay region, California, showing mean annual precipitation","docAbstract":"<p>Precipitation depth-duration-frequency relations have been derived for the San Francisco Bay region, California. The regimen of precipitation in the region is such that depth-duration-frequency characteristics for a site are closely related to the mean annual precipitation for that site.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70210298","usgsCitation":"Rantz, S., 1971, Precipitation depth-duration-frequency relations for the San Francisco Bay region, California, with isohyetal map of San Francisco Bay region, California, showing mean annual precipitation: Basic Data Contribution 25, Report: 6 p.; 1 Plate: 20.43 x 25.05 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/70210298.","productDescription":"Report: 6 p.; 1 Plate: 20.43 x 25.05 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":396515,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210298/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":396514,"rank":1,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_76231.htm"},{"id":401062,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210298/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401061,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210298/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"500000","country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay region","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -123.75,\n              36.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.0833,\n              36.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.0833,\n              39\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.75,\n              39\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.75,\n              36.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rantz, S. E.","contributorId":34106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rantz","given":"S. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":836250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70210297,"text":"70210297 - 1971 - Flood-prone areas of coastal San Mateo County, California, including Half Moon Bay, San Gregorio, La Honda, Pigeon Point, and Franklin Point 7 1/2-minute quadrangles","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-25T18:25:57.489523","indexId":"70210297","displayToPublicDate":"1971-12-31T13:41:31","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5961,"text":"Basic Data Contribution","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"seriesNumber":"20","title":"Flood-prone areas of coastal San Mateo County, California, including Half Moon Bay, San Gregorio, La Honda, Pigeon Point, and Franklin Point 7 1/2-minute quadrangles","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70210297","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey, 1971, Flood-prone areas of coastal San Mateo County, California, including Half Moon Bay, San Gregorio, La Honda, Pigeon Point, and Franklin Point 7 1/2-minute quadrangles: Basic Data Contribution 20, 5 Plates: 21.84 x 26.91 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/70210297.","productDescription":"5 Plates: 21.84 x 26.91 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":401060,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210297/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401059,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210297/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401058,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210297/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401057,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210297/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401056,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210297/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":396521,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_76230.htm"},{"id":396513,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210297/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Mateo County","otherGeospatial":"Half Moon Bay, San Gregorio, La Honda, Pigeon Point, and Franklin Point 7 1/2-minute quadrangles","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.5,\n              37.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.25,\n              37.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.25,\n              37.125\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.5,\n              37.125\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.5,\n              37.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":152492,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"U.S. Geological Survey","id":836240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70210296,"text":"70210296 - 1971 - Flood-prone areas between Point Reyes Station and Bolinas, Marin County, California, including Inverness and Bolinas 7 1/2-minute quadrangles","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-24T21:50:51.935727","indexId":"70210296","displayToPublicDate":"1971-12-31T13:25:32","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5961,"text":"Basic Data Contribution","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"seriesNumber":"19","title":"Flood-prone areas between Point Reyes Station and Bolinas, Marin County, California, including Inverness and Bolinas 7 1/2-minute quadrangles","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70210296","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey, 1971, Flood-prone areas between Point Reyes Station and Bolinas, Marin County, California, including Inverness and Bolinas 7 1/2-minute quadrangles: Basic Data Contribution 19, 2 Plates: 21.24 x 26.54 inches and 21.49 x 26.78 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/70210296.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 21.24 x 26.54 inches and 21.49 x 26.78 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":401017,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210296/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401018,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210296/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":396518,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_76229.htm"},{"id":396509,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210296/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Marin County","otherGeospatial":"Inverness and Bolinas 7 1/2-minute quadrangles","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.875,\n              37.875\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.625,\n              37.875\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.625,\n              38.125\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.875,\n              38.125\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.875,\n              37.875\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128240,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"U.S. Geological Survey","id":836239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70210294,"text":"70210294 - 1971 - Flood-prone areas in the Russian River drainage basin, Sonoma County, California, including Sebastopol, Santa Rosa, and Two Rock 7 1/2-minute quadrangles","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-24T21:47:16.061842","indexId":"70210294","displayToPublicDate":"1971-12-31T13:13:28","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5961,"text":"Basic Data Contribution","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"seriesNumber":"18","title":"Flood-prone areas in the Russian River drainage basin, Sonoma County, California, including Sebastopol, Santa Rosa, and Two Rock 7 1/2-minute quadrangles","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70210294","usgsCitation":"U. S. Geological Survey, 1971, Flood-prone areas in the Russian River drainage basin, Sonoma County, California, including Sebastopol, Santa Rosa, and Two Rock 7 1/2-minute quadrangles: Basic Data Contribution 18, 3 Plates: 21.88 x 26.94 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/70210294.","productDescription":"3 Plates: 21.88 x 26.94 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":401016,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210294/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401015,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210294/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401014,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210294/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":396516,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_76228.htm"},{"id":396504,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210294/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Sonoma County","otherGeospatial":"Sebastopol, Santa Rosa, and Two Rock 7 1/2-minute quadrangles","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.875,\n              38.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.625,\n              38.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.625,\n              38.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.875,\n              38.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.875,\n              38.25\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"U. S. Geological Survey","contributorId":247800,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"U. S. Geological Survey","id":836234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70206751,"text":"70206751 - 1971 - On the nature of the Boulder Batholith of Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-21T07:54:52","indexId":"70206751","displayToPublicDate":"1971-12-31T07:45:13","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On the nature of the Boulder Batholith of Montana","docAbstract":"<p><span>In a recent review of the nature of batholiths, Hamilton and Myers (1967) interpreted the Boulder batholith of western Montana to be \"in effect a gigantic mantled lava flow .... only a few kilometers thick,\" that flowed, under a crust of its own ejecta, across a broad structural basin. Such an interpretation is inconsistent with abundant geologic and geophysical data. The main mass of the batholith, the Butte Quartz Monzonite, does not have the characteristics of a lava flow or a laterally emplaced sheet. Its volcanic cover was not a floating cap but a laterally stable roof that was part of a volcanic plateau which occupied at least twice the area of the batholith. It does not thin toward its edges but is generally steep sided. Its flow structures are predominantly steep rather than near horizontal. It is separated from two smaller flanking plutons by thin vertical septa kilometers long. Its emplacement required more than 4 m.y., a rate orders of magnitude too slow for a single sheet only a few kilometers thick, however extensive. The batholith is more than a few kilometers thick. Recent gravity studies (Burfeind, 1967; Bonini, 1969) suggest a maximum thickness of 9 to 15 km to their authors, but the calculations are based on (1) assumed lateral and vertical homogeneity of the batholith, whereas in reality the Butte Quartz Monzonite core is discontinuously rimmed by more mafic, denser plutons; and (2) inappropriate densities, leading to excessive apparent density contrasts. The gravity data suggest to us that the batholith is more than 15 km thick. Heat flow, cooling rate, and seismic data also are compatible with a thickness of at least 15 km, but are difficult to reconcile with a thickness of only a few kilometers. Convincing examples of extrusive or quasi-extrusive thin batholiths must be sought elsewhere. © 1971, The Geological Society of America, Inc.</span></p>","language":"English ","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[1563:OTNOTB]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Klepper, M.R., Robinson, G., and Smedes, H., 1971, On the nature of the Boulder Batholith of Montana: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 82, no. 6, p. 1563-1580, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[1563:OTNOTB]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"18 p. ","startPage":"1563","endPage":"1580","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":369371,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States ","state":"Montana ","city":"Helena, Deer Lodge, Boulder, Butte","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -112.01934814453125,\n              46.60982785835103\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.57827758789062,\n              46.5720787149159\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.72247314453124,\n              46.380096460287824\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.7197265625,\n              46.059891147620725\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.50274658203125,\n              46.01603873833416\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.36129760742188,\n              46.21785176740299\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.16903686523436,\n              46.308047059262954\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.02209472656249,\n              46.605110653248275\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.01934814453125,\n              46.60982785835103\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"82","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Klepper, M. R.","contributorId":64278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klepper","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":775670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robinson, G.D.","contributorId":26350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"G.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":775671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smedes, H.W.","contributorId":70039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smedes","given":"H.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":775672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70227341,"text":"70227341 - 1971 - Status of engineering geologic and environmental geologic mapping in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-10T19:55:40.719686","indexId":"70227341","displayToPublicDate":"1971-12-01T13:22:40","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1128,"text":"Bulletin of the International Association of Engineering Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Status of engineering geologic and environmental geologic mapping in the United States","docAbstract":"<p>1. Engineering geologic maps in the United States may be one map prepared as part of a larger study of environmental geology, individual areal geologic maps containing additional engineering geologic data, or engineering geologic maps of single construction sites.</p><p>2. No systematic methodology for engineering geologic or environmental geologic maps has been developed.</p><p>3. Environmental geology studies combine the efforts of workers in a number of geologic fields to produce many maps of basic data, as well as various interpretative maps, only one of which may be an engineering geologic or foundation conditions map. Maps of many scales may be prepared for a single study, depending upon the geologic conditions, the main problems of the area, and the principal needs.</p><p>4. New technology, including computers and various types of aerial photography, is constantly being developed, and its use is being encouraged to increase the speed and efficiency of map preparation.</p><p>5. The use of engineering geologic and environmental geologic maps in the United States is constantly growing; such maps will continue to be made in increasing numbers.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF02635376","usgsCitation":"Radbruch, D.H., 1971, Status of engineering geologic and environmental geologic mapping in the United States: Bulletin of the International Association of Engineering Geology, v. 4, p. 4-14, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02635376.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"4","endPage":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394122,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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States\"}}]}","volume":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Radbruch, Dorothy H.","contributorId":65874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Radbruch","given":"Dorothy","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70210299,"text":"70210299 - 1971 - Mean annual precipitation and precipitation depth-duration-frequency data for the San Francisco Bay region, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-21T17:17:00.918436","indexId":"70210299","displayToPublicDate":"1971-10-26T12:16:27","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5961,"text":"Basic Data Contribution","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"seriesNumber":"32","title":"Mean annual precipitation and precipitation depth-duration-frequency data for the San Francisco Bay region, California","docAbstract":"<p>This report presents precipitation data for the San Francisco Bay region in a form suitable for use as criteria for both drainage design and the study of the stability of land slopes. The data presented include (1) an isohyetal map showing long-term mean annual precipitation and (2) a table of storm precipitation depths, corresponding to various durations and frequencies, that are applicable to any site in the region. The regimen of precipitation in the region is such that depth-duration frequency characteristics for a site are closely related to the mean annual precipitation for that site.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70210299","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development as part of the San Francisco Bay Region Environment and Resources Planning Study","usgsCitation":"Rantz, S., 1971, Mean annual precipitation and precipitation depth-duration-frequency data for the San Francisco Bay region, California: Basic Data Contribution 32, Report: iii, 23 p.; 1 Plate: 20.39 x 24.58 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/70210299.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 23 p.; 1 Plate: 20.39 x 24.58 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":466254,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210299/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":466255,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210299/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":466256,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210299/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"San Francisco","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -123.75,\n              39\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.75,\n              36.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.083333,\n              36.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.083333,\n              39\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.75,\n              39\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rantz, S. E.","contributorId":34106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rantz","given":"S. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":924668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70227135,"text":"70227135 - 1971 - The effect of salinity on the maximum thermal gradient of a hydrothermal system at hydrostatic pressure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-30T18:18:10.161992","indexId":"70227135","displayToPublicDate":"1971-10-01T12:13:39","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effect of salinity on the maximum thermal gradient of a hydrothermal system at hydrostatic pressure","docAbstract":"<div class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \"><p>The effect of salinity on the temperature-depth relations of a brine of constant composition, enclosed in a vein system, but freely connected to the surface, and everywhere at the boiling point for the hydrostatic head, was calculated by using a mathematical model. The Na-Ca-K-Cl brines which are found in thermal springs and in fluid inclusions in ore minerals were approximated by the available data for vapor-saturated NaCl-H<span id=\"_mce_caret\" data-mce-bogus=\"1\" data-mce-type=\"format-caret\"><span></span></span><sub>2</sub>O solutions. In general, the results are similar to those calculated by D. E. White in 1968 for H<span>&nbsp;</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>O, except that the gradients are steeper because of the increase in density and the decrease in vapor pressure caused by the dissolved salt. As a practical rule, the depth to an isotherm in a 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 wt percent NaCl brine system is, respectively, 92, 84, 77, 70, and 63 percent (+ or -2 percent) of the depth to the same isotherm in an H<sub>2</sub>O system. From the data presented, the minimum depth to the growth site of crystals containing fluid inclusions which indicate boiling of the brine can be estimated. Among other applications, these results are useful toward the understanding of the behavior of brines in geothermal areas which may or may not contain compositional stratification.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.66.6.940","usgsCitation":"Haas, J.L., 1971, The effect of salinity on the maximum thermal gradient of a hydrothermal system at hydrostatic pressure: Economic Geology, v. 66, no. 6, p. 940-946, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.66.6.940.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"940","endPage":"946","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":393661,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"66","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1971-10-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haas, John L. Jr.","contributorId":53816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haas","given":"John","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70227462,"text":"70227462 - 1971 - Investigation of magnetization and density of a north Atlantic seamount using Poisson's theorem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-18T17:59:30.431472","indexId":"70227462","displayToPublicDate":"1971-10-01T10:51:21","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1808,"text":"Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Investigation of magnetization and density of a north Atlantic seamount using Poisson's theorem","docAbstract":"<div class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \"><p>The relationship between the gravitational and magnetic potentials caused by a uniform distribution of mass and magnetization may be used to obtain independent information about these physical properties. The general relationship in the frequency domain between the Fourier transforms of the gravity and magnetic anomaly fields is established through the Poisson theorem. The discrete Fourier transforms of the sampled continuous functions are used in an analysis which leads to a system of linear equations involving terms in density, magnetization, and calculated finite Fourier-series coefficients. A least squares solution of the system yields the three components of the total magnetization vector divided by the density. From these results, the direction of total magnetization and the minimum of the Koenigsberger ratio Q can be determined uniquely. The remanent magnetization direction and certain other information can be derived for special cases in which the value of one or more of the physical property terms can be assigned. Accurate results were obtained in the analysis of data from a theoretical model. Analysis of gravity and magnetic data from the North Atlantic Gilliss seamount indicates the presence of a significant component of remanent magnetization and leads to derived physical properties which are in fairly close agreement with dredged sample data. The calculated direction of remanent magnetization indicates a paleomagnetic pole position in eastern Siberia, in general agreement with the predicted position for a Cretaceous source in the North Atlantic. The seamount example illustrates certain contingent problems to be considered in practical application of the method.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.1190/1.1440224","usgsCitation":"Cordell, L., and Taylor, P., 1971, Investigation of magnetization and density of a north Atlantic seamount using Poisson's theorem: Geophysics, v. 36, no. 5, p. 919-937, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1440224.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"919","endPage":"937","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394452,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Bermuda","otherGeospatial":"Atlantic Ocean, Gilliss seamount","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -63.182373046875,\n              35.782170703266075\n            ],\n            [\n              -54.349365234375,\n              35.782170703266075\n            ],\n            [\n              -54.349365234375,\n              41.244772343082076\n            ],\n            [\n              -63.182373046875,\n              41.244772343082076\n            ],\n            [\n              -63.182373046875,\n              35.782170703266075\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"36","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cordell, Lindrith","contributorId":40573,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cordell","given":"Lindrith","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":831037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Taylor, Patrick","contributorId":172618,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taylor","given":"Patrick","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":831038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70227430,"text":"70227430 - 1971 - Continuous magnetic profiles near ground level as a means of discriminating and correlating rock units","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-14T16:57:10.186938","indexId":"70227430","displayToPublicDate":"1971-09-01T10:15:03","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5935,"text":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Continuous magnetic profiles near ground level as a means of discriminating and correlating rock units","docAbstract":"<div class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \"><p>Continuous magnetic profiles were recorded by a truck-mounted magnetometer along road traverses over stratified metamorphic rocks and plutonic igneous rocks of the New England Appalachians. The records show a series of distinctive, highly detailed magnetic anomalies which closely reflect the nature and distribution of near-surface bedrock units. The method provides a rapid and versatile means of discriminating bedrock units, which should be especially useful in regions where bedrock exposures are scarce. Under some conditions, analysis of the anomalies may yield critical data on the shape and magnetization of individual rock units. These data should prove useful for deducing geologic structure and for general studies of the magnetization of rocks.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[2449:CMPNGL]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Kane, M.F., Harwood, D.S., and Hatch, N.L., 1971, Continuous magnetic profiles near ground level as a means of discriminating and correlating rock units: Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, v. 82, no. 9, p. 2449-2456, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[2449:CMPNGL]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"2449","endPage":"2456","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394389,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Vermont","otherGeospatial":"Appalachian Mountains, New England","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      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F.","contributorId":45708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kane","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harwood, D. S.","contributorId":48937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harwood","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hatch, N. L. Jr.","contributorId":58663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"N.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70227394,"text":"70227394 - 1971 - An aeromagnetic and aeroradioactivity survey of Liberia, West Africa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-12T20:48:42.633416","indexId":"70227394","displayToPublicDate":"1971-06-01T14:31:26","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1808,"text":"Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An aeromagnetic and aeroradioactivity survey of Liberia, West Africa","docAbstract":"<div class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \"><p>A 140,000 km aeromagnetic and total-count gamma radiometric survey was made over Liberia in 1967-68 along north-south lines spaced 0.8 km over land and 4 km over the continental shelf. The data approximately delineate the boundary between the Liberian (ca. 2700 m.y.) age province in the northwestern two-thirds of the country, and the Pan-African (ca. 550 m.y.) age province in the coastal area of the northwestern two-thirds of the country, as well as a boundary marking the northwest extent of the isoclinally folded paragneisses and migmatites deformed within the Eburnean (ca. 2000 m.y.) age province in the southeast one-third. A zone of diabase dikes about 90 km inland can be traced, parallel to the coast from Sierra Leone to Ivory Coast on the basis of the magnetic data. Another zone of diabase dikes about 185 m.y. old is located along the coastal area and beneath the continental shelf parallel to the coast northwest of Greenville. Intrusion of these dikes probably coincides with the separation of Africa from North and South America. The magnetic data suggest basins of sedimentary rocks possibly 5 km thick on the continental shelf. The map indicates high-amplitude magnetic anomalies greater than 600 gammas; some reach amplitudes as great as 18,000 gammas over iron formation and about 1800 gammas over mafic and ultramafic intrusive bodies.</p><p>The radioactivity data have a background level less than 100 counts per second (cps) over mafic granulite-facies rocks and unmetamorphosed sedimentary rocks in the coastal area. Granitic rocks have the greatest variation. The central area of the country has the highest background radiation level with large areas above 250 cps; the level in the eastern one-third of the country is low. These data are proving quite useful in reconnaissance geologic mapping. All anomalies over 500 cps are shown; some reach amplitudes over 750 cps. Total-count radiation levels have a significant correlation with percent K<sub>2</sub>O in bedrock analyses, but anomalous amounts of Th and U must be present to account for the highest amplitude anomalies. A few specific anomalies have been correlated with concentrations of monazite and zircon in bedrock as well as in beach deposits.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.1190/1.1440194","usgsCitation":"Behrendt, J.C., and Wotorson, C.S., 1971, An aeromagnetic and aeroradioactivity survey of Liberia, West Africa: Geophysics, v. 36, no. 3, p. 590-604, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1440194.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"590","endPage":"604","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394274,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Liberia","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -11.5081787109375,\n              6.920973741554155\n            ],\n    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S.","contributorId":106854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wotorson","given":"Cletus","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70236456,"text":"70236456 - 1971 - Mapping from space","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-07T13:57:25.101143","indexId":"70236456","displayToPublicDate":"1971-05-01T08:32:27","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":12574,"text":"Journal of the Surveying and Mapping Division","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping from space","docAbstract":"<p><span>Remote sensing of the earth promises to become an operational tool of the engineer and the scientist within the next few years. There are no real technical limits on the uses of data from space sensors. However, it is not practical to fly special missions, particularly in space, for each specific use. General-purpose, earth-sensing missions aimed at meeting a wide variety of requirements must be defined. Engineers must help define earth-sensing missions, based on the concepts of repetitive coverage, multispectral response, and spatial correlation.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","doi":"10.1061/JSUEAX.0000357","usgsCitation":"Colvocoresses, A.P., 1971, Mapping from space: Journal of the Surveying and Mapping Division, v. 97, no. 1, p. 125-132, https://doi.org/10.1061/JSUEAX.0000357.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"125","endPage":"132","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":406302,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"97","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Colvocoresses, Alden P.","contributorId":72779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colvocoresses","given":"Alden","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":851081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5220793,"text":"5220793 - 1971 - A new stratification of mourning dove call-count routes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-21T16:48:51.260831","indexId":"5220793","displayToPublicDate":"1971-04-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A new stratification of mourning dove call-count routes","docAbstract":"<p>The mourning dove (<i>Zenaidura macroura</i>) call-count survey is a nationwide audio-census of breeding mourning doves. Recent analyses of the call-count routes have utilized a stratification based upon physiographic regions of the United States. An analysis of 5 years of call-count data, based upon stratification using potential natural vegetation, has demonstrated that this uew stratification results in strata with greater homogeneity than the physiographic strata, provides lower error variance, and hence generates greatet precision in the analysis without an increase in call-count routes. Error variance was reduced approximately 30 percent for the contiguous United States. This indicates that future analysis based upon the new stratification will result in an increased ability to detect significant year-to-year changes.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3799607","usgsCitation":"Blankenship, L.H., Humphrey, A., and MacDonald, D., 1971, A new stratification of mourning dove call-count routes: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 35, no. 2, p. 319-326, https://doi.org/10.2307/3799607.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"319","endPage":"326","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193992,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"conterminous United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"MultiPolygon\",\n        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H.","contributorId":53489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blankenship","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Humphrey, A.B.","contributorId":96785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Humphrey","given":"A.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"MacDonald, Duncan","contributorId":16824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacDonald","given":"Duncan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70227316,"text":"70227316 - 1971 - Radiometric age (Late Ordovician) of the Quincy, Cape Ann, and Peabody Granites from eastern Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-07T22:00:38.567632","indexId":"70227316","displayToPublicDate":"1971-04-01T15:15:56","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5935,"text":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Radiometric age (Late Ordovician) of the Quincy, Cape Ann, and Peabody Granites from eastern Massachusetts","docAbstract":"<div class=\"widget widget-SplitView widget-instance-SplitView_Article\"><div class=\"article\"><div class=\"widget widget-ArticleMainView widget-instance-ArticleMainView_Split\"><div class=\"content-inner-wrap\"><div class=\"article-body\"><div id=\"ContentTab\" class=\"content active\"><div class=\"widget widget-ArticleFulltext widget-instance-ArticleFulltext_Split\"><div class=\"module-widget\"><div class=\"widget-items\" data-widgetname=\"ArticleFulltext\"><p id=\"15273334\" class=\"abstract-title jumplink-heading\">A geochronologic study of several intrusive bodies of alkalic granite from eastern Massachusetts yields the following radiometric ages (in millions of years).</p><table border=\"0\" class=\"mce-item-table\"><tbody><tr><td>Rock unit</td><td>Amphibole&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<br>K-Ar</td><td>Whole-rock <br>Rb-Sr isochron&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</td><td>Pb<sup>207</sup>/Pb<sup>206</sup><br>zircon</td></tr><tr><td>Quincy Granite</td><td>430-458</td><td>313 ± 22</td><td>437 ± 32</td></tr><tr><td>Cape Ann Granite&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</td><td>374-397</td><td>435 ± 6</td><td>452 ± 10</td></tr><tr><td>Peabody Granite</td><td>350-403</td><td>367 ± 24</td><td>435 + 12<br>445 ± 22</td></tr></tbody></table><div><div class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \"><p>The zircon ages show only mild internal discordancies and most diffusion models used to discuss U-Th-Pb isotopic systematics would give a true age about equal to that of the Pb<sup>207</sup>/Pb<sup>206</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>value. When plotted on a concordia diagram, the zircon data indicate a time of emplacement of 450 ± 25 m.y. for all three granite bodies. This Late Ordovician age for post-tectonic granites suggests that revisions in the commonly accepted geologic interpretation of eastern Massachusetts may be required. Previously, because of their massive, undeformed nature, the alkalic rocks were generally regarded as being Mississippian or Devonian in age and younger than the Early to Middle Devonian Acadian orogeny.</p><p>The amphibole K-Ar and whole-rock Rb-Sr systems have responded in a complex way to postcrystallization disturbances. We interpret the pattern of ages for the Quincy Granite to reflect a late Paleozoic(?), low-temperature alteration that accompanied extensive faulting, and the patterns of ages for the Cape Ann and Peabody Granites to reflect a Devonian heating possibly related to contact metamorphism by a nearby mafic pluton.</p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[937:RALOOT]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Zartman, R.E., and Marvin, R.F., 1971, Radiometric age (Late Ordovician) of the Quincy, Cape Ann, and Peabody Granites from eastern Massachusetts: Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, v. 82, no. 4, p. 937-957, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[937:RALOOT]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"937","endPage":"957","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394073,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -70.88104248046875,\n              42.53486817758702\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.64483642578125,\n              42.577354839557856\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.5816650390625,\n              42.65214190481525\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.62286376953124,\n              42.69858589169842\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.65719604492188,\n              42.696567309696974\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.69015502929688,\n              42.66123150298925\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.76568603515625,\n              42.69555799408926\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.80001831054688,\n              42.71574118930587\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.86318969726562,\n              42.68849232550868\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.90576171875,\n              42.712714128355564\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.99227905273438,\n              42.66022161324799\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.02935791015625,\n              42.60667398549725\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.88104248046875,\n              42.53486817758702\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -71.19621276855469,\n              42.459940352216556\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.91262817382812,\n              42.459940352216556\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.91262817382812,\n              42.56673588590953\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.19621276855469,\n              42.56673588590953\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.19621276855469,\n              42.459940352216556\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -71.13372802734375,\n              42.11859868281563\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.89958190917969,\n              42.11859868281563\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.89958190917969,\n              42.23105950761338\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.13372802734375,\n              42.23105950761338\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.13372802734375,\n              42.11859868281563\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"82","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zartman, Robert E.","contributorId":47356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zartman","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marvin, Richard F.","contributorId":23125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marvin","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70227413,"text":"70227413 - 1971 - Nationwide study of the streamflow data program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-13T21:20:48.669918","indexId":"70227413","displayToPublicDate":"1971-04-01T15:15:09","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nationwide study of the streamflow data program","docAbstract":"<div class=\"abstract-group\"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>During 1970 the Geological Survey conducted a study to evaluate the surface-water data collection program. Objectives were formulated, specific goals were set, a massive analysis of available data was made to determine the extent to which the present system enables the goals to be met, alternatives were considered for meeting the remaining goals, and finally, specific elements were identified for inclusion in the future program. The results of the evaluation will be used in planning the future streamflow data program. Less productive elements in the present program can be weeded out, and the effort devoted to more critically needed water data. The study provides the groundwork for redirection of efforts towards a more efficient system for satisfying present and future needs.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.1971.tb05922.x","usgsCitation":"Carter, R.W., and Benson, M.A., 1971, Nationwide study of the streamflow data program: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 7, no. 2, p. 383-385, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1971.tb05922.x.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"383","endPage":"385","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394346,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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,{"id":70201453,"text":"wdrSD701 - 1971 - Water resources data for South Dakota, water year 1970; Part 1, Surface water records","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-26T23:09:31.508554","indexId":"wdrSD701","displayToPublicDate":"1971-02-25T14:40:56","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"SD-70-1","title":"Water resources data for South Dakota, water year 1970; Part 1, Surface water records","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wdrSD701","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey, 1971, Water resources data for South Dakota, water year 1970; Part 1, Surface water records: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report SD-70-1, vii, 135 p., 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,{"id":70227278,"text":"70227278 - 1971 - Fluid inclusion studies on the porphyry-type ore deposits at Bingham, Utah, Butte, Montana, and Climax, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-06T20:58:06.28827","indexId":"70227278","displayToPublicDate":"1971-02-01T14:36:02","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fluid inclusion studies on the porphyry-type ore deposits at Bingham, Utah, Butte, Montana, and Climax, Colorado","docAbstract":"<div class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \"><p>Data are given on the composition, temperature, pressure, and density of the hydrothermal fluids present in the central Cu-Mo core of the deposit at Bingham, Utah, and in its related but not necessarily coeval peripheral Pb-Zn deposits. These data are based on a study of primary and secondary fluid inclusions in transparent ore and gangue minerals that included the use of freezing, heating, and crushing microscope stages.</p><p>The composition of the hydrothermal fluids at various stages in the mineralization and repeated later fracturing and rehealing ranged from nearly fresh water to water containing more than 60 weight percent salts in solution--virtually a hydrous saline melt--in some quartz-molybdenite-chalcopyrite veins from the core. Most of these salts have crystallized out as daughter minerals on cooling, forming major amounts of halite and sylvite and minor amounts of anhydrite (?), hematite (?) and several unidentified phases. These highly saline fluids occur only in the core. Some of them have apparently boiled, forming bubbles of a relatively low density CO<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>-rich \"steam\" containing only a few percent NaCl. These low-density fluids have also been trapped as inclusions. The fluids that formed the peripheral deposits had low salinities, and some of these also have apparently boiled. A few were very high in hydrogen sulfide.</p><p>Inclusions from a quartz pod and in the quartz-molybdenite-chalcopyrite veins from the core yield the highest temperatures, 640<span>°</span>-725<span>°</span> C; most inclusions from the core homogenize at temperatures above 400<span>°</span> C. Samples from the peripheral deposits were uniformly lower, in the range 294<span>°</span>-330<span>°</span> C.</p><p>The abundant evidence of intermittent boiling of these solutions is important because it places limits on the pressure at the time of trapping, it results in there being little or no need for a pressure correction to the homogenization temperatures, and it indicates that the pressure has varied with time. Although some of the homogenization temperatures are very high, the high salinity causes the vapor pressures at homogenization to be relatively low, from about 80 to a maximum of about 1,100 atmospheres.</p><p>The density of the hydrothermal fluids is of great concern in any consideration of flow patterns, and particularly in the inevitable mixing with possibly heated ground waters. Steam inclusions from the core had gross densities of 0.3 to 0.1 g<strong>·</strong>cm<sup>-3</sup>, but many of the highly saline inclusions in the core contain fluids whose density at trapping was as high as 1.3 g<strong>·</strong>cm<sup>-3</sup>. The fluids trapped in inclusions in the peripheral deposits had densities of 0.75-0.95 g<strong>·</strong>cm<sup>-3</sup>, well below that of the surrounding cold ground water. Hydraulic pressure gradients from these density differences, and the vapor pressures involved, must also have varied with time in any given location, particularly when boiling occurred, and thus the circulation patterns could have been very complex. The more highly saline fluids are believed to be of truly magmatic origin, and not merely heated ground water from the area at the time of the intrusion.</p><p>The great abundance throughout the core of planes of secondary inclusions in which individual planes are uniform but adjacent planes have widely varying composition, density, and homogenization temperature, is evidence of thorough and repeated fracturing of these rocks under hydrothermal conditions.</p><p>Inclusions were also examined in some samples from Butte, Montana, Climax, Colorado, and several Arizona porphyry copper deposits. The ranges of temperature, composition, and density found were similar but smaller than at Bingham. This might be simply a result of insufficient sampling.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.66.1.98","usgsCitation":"Roedder, E., 1971, Fluid inclusion studies on the porphyry-type ore deposits at Bingham, Utah, Butte, Montana, and Climax, Colorado: Economic Geology, v. 66, no. 1, p. 98-120, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.66.1.98.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"98","endPage":"120","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":393982,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, Colorado, Montana, Utah","city":"Butte, Climax","otherGeospatial":"Bingham","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -112.29812622070312,\n              40.43440488077008\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.05368041992188,\n              40.43440488077008\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.05368041992188,\n              40.64938745451835\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.29812622070312,\n              40.64938745451835\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.29812622070312,\n              40.43440488077008\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -106.19839668273926,\n              39.359586180977615\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.15342140197754,\n              39.359586180977615\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.15342140197754,\n              39.38566183944818\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.19839668273926,\n              39.38566183944818\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.19839668273926,\n              39.359586180977615\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -112.67990112304688,\n              45.93969078234\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.42584228515625,\n              45.93969078234\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.42584228515625,\n              46.10751733820335\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.67990112304688,\n              46.10751733820335\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.67990112304688,\n              45.93969078234\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"66","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1971-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roedder, Edwin","contributorId":25571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roedder","given":"Edwin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70227352,"text":"70227352 - 1971 - An evaluation of procedures used in computing chemical denudation rates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-10T22:48:16.935227","indexId":"70227352","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T16:41:38","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5935,"text":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An evaluation of procedures used in computing chemical denudation rates","docAbstract":"<p>Computations of chemical denudation rates (that is, the average rate of lowering of the earth's crust by chemical processes) should be based only upon those components of dissolved loads of streams that are derived from chemical weathering of rocks and soils, even though identification of those components is difficult and imprecise. Past computations of chemical denudation rates exaggerated by 1.4 to 2.4 times the significance of this process because they were calculated from total dissolved loads.</p><p>Identification of separate denudation and nondenudation components in a water analysis can be done most readily for streams in crystalline silicate rock terrane where commonly 25 to 55 percent of the dissolved solids are HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>−1</sup>, SO<sub>4</sub><sup>−2</sup>, Cl<sup>−1</sup>, and NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>that cannot be derived from the underlying rock; instead these ions are derived either directly from the atmosphere or from atmosphere-biosphere interactions. Most of the remaining solutes are derived from chemical weathering or rainfall, or both. Existing data are often insufficient to separate these two components, but atmospheric contributions to dissolved loads of dilute natural waters are substantial.</p><p>The commonly observed increased concentration of dissolved solids in chemically polluted rivers is produced by concentration of natural dissolved loads by evaporation, and by addition of solutes not present in natural waters. Concentration of natural solutes represents a modification of natural denudation processes that does not change the rate of denudation. Addition of new solutes represents man-induced, accelerated chemical denudation.</p><p>Extrapolation of modern chemical denudation rates to geologic situations is extremely imprecise because of uncertainties in assessing man's influence on present dissolved loads, in reconstructing the number and magnitude of past climatic changes, and in evaluating the effects of evolving flora and fauna.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[67:AEOPUI]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Janda, R.J., 1971, An evaluation of procedures used in computing chemical denudation rates: Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, v. 82, no. 1, p. 67-79, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[67:AEOPUI]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"67","endPage":"79","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394161,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"82","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Janda, Richard J.","contributorId":13235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Janda","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70210293,"text":"70210293 - 1971 - Flood-prone areas in the Petaluma River drainage basin and Cotati vicinity, Sonoma and Marin Counties, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-24T21:59:23.741019","indexId":"70210293","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T16:36:24","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5961,"text":"Basic Data Contribution","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"seriesNumber":"17","title":"Flood-prone areas in the Petaluma River drainage basin and Cotati vicinity, Sonoma and Marin Counties, California","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70210293","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey, 1971, Flood-prone areas in the Petaluma River drainage basin and Cotati vicinity, Sonoma and Marin Counties, California (Revised 1971): Basic Data Contribution 17, 2 Plates: 21.65 x 26.80 inches and 21.73 x 26.71 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/70210293.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 21.65 x 26.80 inches and 21.73 x 26.71 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":401023,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_76227.htm"},{"id":401013,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210293/plate-2.pdf"},{"id":401012,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210293/plate-1.pdf"},{"id":396459,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210293/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Marin County, Sonoma County","otherGeospatial":"Petaluma River drainage basin and Cotati vicinity","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.75,\n              38.125\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.5,\n              38.125\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.5,\n              38.3667\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.75,\n              38.3667\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.75,\n              38.125\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Revised 1971","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":147999,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"U.S. Geological Survey","id":836002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70227312,"text":"70227312 - 1971 - Minor elements in water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-07T20:43:43.490427","indexId":"70227312","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T14:38:29","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Minor elements in water","docAbstract":"<div class=\"widget widget-BookChapterMainView widget-instance-BookChapterMainView\"><div class=\"content-inner-wrap\"><div class=\"book-chapter-body\"><div id=\"ContentTab\" class=\"content active\"><div class=\"widget widget-BookSectionsText widget-instance-BookChaptertext\"><div class=\"module-widget\"><div class=\"widget-items\" data-widgetname=\"BookSectionsText\"><div class=\"category-section content-section js-content-section\" data-statsid=\"4710293\"><p>A complete characterization of natural waters includes a determination of the concentrations of 30 or more minor elements. Emission spectrochemical methods are uniquely suited to the determination of a comparatively large number of minor elements, mainly those classified as heavy metals. Spectro-chemical data published by Braidech and Emory in 1935 and more recent data by Durfor and Becker, and by Barnett, Skougstad, and Miller, provide some insight into the minor-element character of the raw- and finished-water supplies of most of the major U.S. cities. Such data permit assessment of those supplies that contain either comparatively high or low concentrations of minor elements. The concentrations of many minor elements are unchanged by the municipal treatment-plant operations between the raw- and finished-water supply. On the other hand, part of the copper in a raw-water supply may be removed during treatment, even though the over-all result is a net increase in copper in the finished water. The aluminum concentration of finished water is greater than in the raw-water supply when aluminum sulfate is used as a coagulant aid. Significant amounts of iron may be removed during treatment.</p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental geochemistry in health and disease","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/MEM123-p43","usgsCitation":"Skougstad, M.W., 1971, Minor elements in water, chap. <i>of</i> Environmental geochemistry in health and disease, v. 123, p. 43-56, https://doi.org/10.1130/MEM123-p43.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"43","endPage":"56","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394058,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"123","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1971-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Cannon, Helen L.","contributorId":96249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"Helen L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830405,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hopps, Howard C.","contributorId":189752,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hopps","given":"Howard","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830406,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Skougstad, Marvin W.","contributorId":65064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skougstad","given":"Marvin","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70227458,"text":"70227458 - 1971 - Calorimetric investigation of Na-K mixing and polymorphism in the alkali feldspars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-17T20:32:06.783152","indexId":"70227458","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T14:16:05","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":9954,"text":"Zeitschrift für Kristallographie — Crystalline Materials","onlineIssn":"2196-7105","printIssn":"2194-4946","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Calorimetric investigation of Na-K mixing and polymorphism in the alkali feldspars","docAbstract":"<p>Heat of solution measurements of the enthalpies of Na-K mixing, Al-Si ordering, and fusion for crystalline solutions and end-member phases in the system Na(AlSi<sub>3</sub>O<sub>8</sub>)–K(AlSi<sub>3</sub>O<sub>8</sub>) were obtained with a vacuum-jacketed, isoperibolic calorimeter using 20.1 percent hydrofluoric acid at temperatures ranging from 40 to 60°C. Heat of solution data for artificially prepared microcline (–low-albite) crystalline solutions at 49.7°C are represented by</p><p><span>Δ</span>H<sub>sol</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>= −149.408 + 5.230<span>&nbsp;</span><i>N</i><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>− 5.928<span>&nbsp;</span><i>N</i><sub>1</sub><i>N</i><sub>2</sub><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>− 8.457<span>&nbsp;</span><i>N</i><sub>2</sub><i>N</i><sub>1</sub><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>kcal/mole</p><p>based on 39 measurements of 14 different bulk compositions, where<span>&nbsp;</span><i>N</i><sub>1</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>and<span>&nbsp;</span><i>N</i><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>denote the mole fractions of NaAlSi<sub>3</sub>O<sub>8</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>and KAlSi<sub>3</sub>O<sub>8</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>respectively. The thermochemical uncertainty of the above least-squares formulation is ± 0.032 kcal/mole.</p><p>Unit-cell parameters determined by least-squares refinement of diffraction data indicate that the excess volumes of Na-K mixing of these microcline solutions are positive over the entire composition range. Combining the calorimetric and crystallographic data leads to the following expression for the variation of molar enthalpy of mixing with pressure:</p><p><span>Δ</span>H<sub>ex</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>= (5928 + 0.110 P)<span>&nbsp;</span><i>N</i><sub>1</sub><i>N</i><sub>2</sub><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>+ (8457 + 0.110<span>&nbsp;</span><i>P</i>)<span>&nbsp;</span><i>N</i><sub>2</sub><i>N</i><sub>1</sub><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>cal/mole.</p><p>The sign and magnitude of <span>Δ</span>H<sub>ex</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>determined by calorimetry agree closely with <span>Δ</span>H<sub>ex</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>calculated from a third-order Margules formulation of high-temperature two-phase equilibrium data in the critical region.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"De Gruyter","doi":"10.1524/zkri.1971.134.5-6.381","usgsCitation":"Waldbaum, D.R., and Robie, R.A., 1971, Calorimetric investigation of Na-K mixing and polymorphism in the alkali feldspars: Zeitschrift für Kristallographie — Crystalline Materials, v. 134, no. 5-6, p. 381-420, https://doi.org/10.1524/zkri.1971.134.5-6.381.","productDescription":"40 p.","startPage":"381","endPage":"420","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394445,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"134","issue":"5-6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-28","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waldbaum, David Robert","contributorId":90755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waldbaum","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":831019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robie, Richard A.","contributorId":92235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robie","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":831020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70168635,"text":"70168635 - 1971 - Water resources data for Iowa, water year 1970","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-22T12:42:16","indexId":"70168635","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T13:45:00","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Water resources data for Iowa, water year 1970","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Iowa City","doi":"10.3133/70168635","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey, 1971, Water resources data for Iowa, water year 1970, https://doi.org/10.3133/70168635.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318271,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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,{"id":70260855,"text":"70260855 - 1971 - Water-quality data for selected sites tributary to the Salton Sea, California, August 1969 - June 1970","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-24T18:16:51.000171","indexId":"70260855","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T11:59:12","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":375,"text":"Open-File Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Water-quality data for selected sites tributary to the Salton Sea, California, August 1969 - June 1970","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70260855","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Imperial Irrigation District","usgsCitation":"Irwin, G.A., 1971, Water-quality data for selected sites tributary to the Salton Sea, California, August 1969 - June 1970: Open-File Report, 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,{"id":70242053,"text":"70242053 - 1971 - Wells and springs in California and Nevada within 100 miles of point 37°15' N, 116°25' W, on Nevada test site","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-05T21:09:31.955009","indexId":"70242053","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T11:18:04","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Wells and springs in California and Nevada within 100 miles of point 37°15' N, 116°25' W, on Nevada test site","docAbstract":"<p>Studies of published and unpublished geologic and ground-water data, for an inventory of 6,032 wells and 754 springs in parts of Inyo and Mono Counties, California, and Clark, Esmeralda, Lincoln, and Nye Counties, Nevada, reveal the following information:</p><p>A complex sequence of granitic, metamorphic, volcanic, and sedimentary rocks of Precambrian to Holocene age are present in the study area. Rocks of lower Precambrian age are metamorphic. These rocks can be divided into five principal types: (a) valley fill, (b) volcanic, (c) carbonate, (d) clastic, and (e) metamorphic and granitic. The valley fill which produces large amounts of water is the best aquifer and it contains the largest number of wells. The carbonate and the volcanic rocks produce small to large amounts of water from fractures or solution cavities. The clastic rocks and the metamorphic and granitic racks produce very little ground water.</p><p>The greatest concentration of wells in the study area is in the Las Vegas area, which has 79 percent of the total wells inventoried. The Las Vegas area has less than 1 percent of the springs inventoried.</p><p>The major uses of ground water listed in order of abundance, for the area exclusive of Las Vegas, are irrigation, domestic, public supply, and industrial. The major uses of ground water listed in order of abundance in the Las Vegas area are domestic, irrigation, public supply, and commercial.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70242053","usgsCitation":"Thordarson, W., and Robinson, B., 1971, Wells and springs in California and Nevada within 100 miles of point 37°15' N, 116°25' W, on Nevada test site, Report: ii, 178 p.; 4 Plates: 29.01 x 20.78 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/70242053.","productDescription":"Report: ii, 178 p.; 4 Plates: 29.01 x 20.78 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":433525,"rank":5,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70242053/figure-4.pdf","text":"Figure 4","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":433524,"rank":4,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70242053/figure-3.pdf","text":"Figure 3","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":432598,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70242053/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":433526,"rank":6,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70242053/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":433522,"rank":2,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70242053/figure-1.pdf","text":"Figure 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":433523,"rank":3,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70242053/figure-2.pdf","text":"Figure 2","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.12871205149412,\n              36.83018971496931\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.12871205149412,\n              35.1509926527515\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.58100001192527,\n              35.1509926527515\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.58100001192527,\n              36.83018971496931\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.12871205149412,\n              36.83018971496931\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thordarson, William","contributorId":23539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thordarson","given":"William","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":868981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robinson, B.P.","contributorId":7685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"B.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":868982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
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