{"pageNumber":"1809","pageRowStart":"45200","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46619,"records":[{"id":55964,"text":"ofr7021 - 1970 - A proposed streamflow-data program for Kentucky","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-12T10:33:18","indexId":"ofr7021","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"70-21","title":"A proposed streamflow-data program for Kentucky","docAbstract":"<p>An evaluation of the streamflow data available in Kentucky was made to provide guidelines for planning future programs. The basic steps in the evaluation procedure were (1) definition of the long- term goals of the streamflow data program in quantitative form, (2) examination and analysis of all available data to determine which goals have already been met, and (3) consideration of alternate programs and techniques to meet the remaining objectives. It was found that many of the goals could be met by generalization of the data for gaged basins by regression analysis. This fact indicates that significant changes could be made in the present data program that would allow emphasis to be placed on attaining the goals that have not been met. A streamflow data program based on the guidelines developed in this study is proposed for the future.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr7021","usgsCitation":"Beaber, H., 1970, A proposed streamflow-data program for Kentucky: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 70-21, vi, 48 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr7021.","productDescription":"vi, 48 p.","numberOfPages":"81","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":343658,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0021/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":185347,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0021/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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,{"id":56048,"text":"ofr70272 - 1970 - Geology and water quality at selected locations in the San Antonio area, Texas, Progress Report, 1969","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-24T11:25:40","indexId":"ofr70272","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"70-272","title":"Geology and water quality at selected locations in the San Antonio area, Texas, Progress Report, 1969","docAbstract":"<p>The Edwards aquifer is the principal source of water supply for the San Antonio area. Increasing urban development on or adjacent to the recharge area of the aquifer is causing great concern because of possible pollution of the ground water. A detailed map of the surface geology has been prepared for areas where the greatest threat of pollution exists. Water-quality data are being collected throughout the San Antonio area to provide background reference information and to detect any current pollution of the ground water in the Edwards and associated limestones.</p>\n<p>Mapping of the surface geology will continue in areas where waste waters may be recharging the aquifer. Water-quality data will be collected at additional sites, and some sites will be resampled where pollution may be occurring or where more background data are needed.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr70272","usgsCitation":"Reeves, R., and Blakey, J., 1970, Geology and water quality at selected locations in the San Antonio area, Texas, Progress Report, 1969: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 70-272, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr70272.","productDescription":"17 p.","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":175033,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0272/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":281739,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0272/report.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad6e4b07f02db684155","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reeves, R.D.","contributorId":95043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reeves","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blakey, J.F.","contributorId":23969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blakey","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":254692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":56043,"text":"ofr70251 - 1970 - A proposed streamflow-data program for Pennsylvania","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":56043,"text":"ofr70251 - 1970 - A proposed streamflow-data program for Pennsylvania","indexId":"ofr70251","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"title":"A proposed streamflow-data program for Pennsylvania"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70046299,"text":"70046299 - 1970 - A proposed streamflow data program for Pennsylvania","indexId":"70046299","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"title":"A proposed streamflow data program for Pennsylvania"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":70046299,"text":"70046299 - 1970 - A proposed streamflow data program for Pennsylvania","indexId":"70046299","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"title":"A proposed streamflow data program for Pennsylvania"},"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-05T14:24:01","indexId":"ofr70251","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"70-251","title":"A proposed streamflow-data program for Pennsylvania","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr70251","usgsCitation":"Page, L.V., 1970, A proposed streamflow-data program for Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 70-251, 64 p., 3 figs., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr70251.","productDescription":"64 p., 3 figs.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":174947,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a88bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Page, L. V.","contributorId":38123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Page","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":56036,"text":"ofr70227 - 1970 - Compilation of data for Michigan lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-20T10:52:26","indexId":"ofr70227","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"70-227","title":"Compilation of data for Michigan lakes","docAbstract":"<p>Michigan's more than 11,000 lakes are a valuable resource. Primarily, they are used for recreation but many have potential for industrial use and for water supply. </p><p>Lakes have water surfaces ·that expand and decrease in area, and levels that rise and fall. Records of lakes levels show that lake stages change, have seasonal trends, and may fluctuate several feet each year. Often; these changes affect the use of lakes and cause erosion of their shorelines. It is important, therefore, to monitor lake levels in order to add to their understanding and to provide a basis for increasing their usefulness. </p><p>In the early 1940's, and in cooperation with the Michigan Department of Natural Resources, a network of lake gages was established in Michigan to observe lake levels. In subsequent years, this network of lake gages was changed to provide a broad areal coverage of lakes in the State, to answer specific requests for data, and to obtain information on a large portion of Michigan's many lakes. These data have been applied primarily in studies involving the design of lake-level control facilities and establishing legal levels for lakes. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Lansing, MI","doi":"10.3133/ofr70227","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Michigan Department of Natural Resources Geological Survey Division","usgsCitation":"Miller, J.B., and Thompson, T., 1970, Compilation of data for Michigan lakes: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 70-227, ix, 368 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr70227.","productDescription":"ix, 368 p.","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":174727,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0227/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":272565,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0227/report.pdf"}],"country":"United 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B.","contributorId":70423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thompson, Ted","contributorId":66769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Ted","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":56031,"text":"ofr70219 - 1970 - A proposed streamflow-data program for Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:47","indexId":"ofr70219","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"70-219","title":"A proposed streamflow-data program for Tennessee","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr70219","usgsCitation":"May, W., Wood, G., and Rima, D., 1970, A proposed streamflow-data program for Tennessee: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 70-219, 102 p., 5 figs., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr70219.","productDescription":"102 p., 5 figs.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":174722,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a893a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"May, W.J.","contributorId":56916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"W.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wood, G. H.","contributorId":106096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"G. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rima, D.R.","contributorId":70845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rima","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":56025,"text":"ofr70204 - 1970 - Ground-water data for Orange County and vicinity, Texas and Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-09T15:05:29","indexId":"ofr70204","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"70-204","title":"Ground-water data for Orange County and vicinity, Texas and Louisiana","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. GPO","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/ofr70204","usgsCitation":"McAdoo, G.D., 1970, Ground-water data for Orange County and vicinity, Texas and Louisiana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 70-204, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr70204.","productDescription":"22 p.","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":181905,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66cf7a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McAdoo, G. D. (compiler)","contributorId":70850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McAdoo","given":"G.","suffix":"(compiler)","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":56024,"text":"ofr70205 - 1970 - A modified streamflow-data program for New Jersey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:12:07","indexId":"ofr70205","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"70-205","title":"A modified streamflow-data program for New Jersey","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr70205","usgsCitation":"McCall, J., and Lendo, A., 1970, A modified streamflow-data program for New Jersey: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 70-205, 66 p., 3 figs., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr70205.","productDescription":"66 p., 3 figs.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":181904,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6adea6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCall, J.E.","contributorId":66846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCall","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lendo, A.C.","contributorId":84735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lendo","given":"A.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":55992,"text":"ofr70114 - 1970 - A national hydrologic data system for Chile","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:12:11","indexId":"ofr70114","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"70-114","title":"A national hydrologic data system for Chile","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr70114","usgsCitation":"Doyel, W., and Moss, M.E., 1970, A national hydrologic data system for Chile: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 70-114, 141 p., 1 fig., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr70114.","productDescription":"141 p., 1 fig.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":184850,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ade18","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Doyel, W.W.","contributorId":74818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doyel","given":"W.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moss, M. E.","contributorId":50500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moss","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":15346,"text":"ofr70257 - 1970 - Petroleum possibilities of the Yukon-Koyukuk Province, Alaska","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":15346,"text":"ofr70257 - 1970 - Petroleum possibilities of the Yukon-Koyukuk Province, Alaska","indexId":"ofr70257","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"title":"Petroleum possibilities of the Yukon-Koyukuk Province, Alaska"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70042736,"text":"70042736 - 1971 - Petroleum possibilities of Yukon-Koyukuk Province, Alaska: region 1","indexId":"70042736","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"title":"Petroleum possibilities of Yukon-Koyukuk Province, Alaska: region 1"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":70042736,"text":"70042736 - 1971 - Petroleum possibilities of Yukon-Koyukuk Province, Alaska: region 1","indexId":"70042736","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"title":"Petroleum possibilities of Yukon-Koyukuk Province, Alaska: region 1"},"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-20T20:32:08.220514","indexId":"ofr70257","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"70-257","title":"Petroleum possibilities of the Yukon-Koyukuk Province, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>The recent discovery of major oil resources on Alaska's North Slope has rekindled interest in the petroleum possibilities of the Yukon-Koyukuk province, a vast tract of Cretaceous rocks stretching along the west coast of Alaska from the Brooks Range to the Yukon delta. Attention was first focused on this region in the early 1950's, after oil and gas were discovered in the Cretaceous of the North Slope by the U.S. Navy. The presence of similar Cretaceous strata in the Yukon-Koyukuk province and the possibility that some of the broad alluviated lowlands within the province might be underlain by Tertiary basins were pointed out by Gryc and others (1951) and Payne (1955). Between 1954 and 1961 large parts of the province were reconnoitered by oil company surface parties and a small amount of geophysical work was carried out in the Nulato-Kateel and Bethel areas. The explorational activity culminated in 1960-61 with the drilling of two deep tests, a 12,000-foot hole near Nulato on the Yukon River and a 15,000-foot hole at Napatuk Creek in the Yukon-Kuskokwim Coastal Lowland. Apparently neither test revealed oil shows or favorable reservoir rocks, as exploration and leasing activity in the province declined sharply thereafter.</p><p>Since 1954 the U.S. Geological Survey has maintained a modest but continuing program of reconnaissance geologic mapping of the province and its borderlands. Nearly all parts of this vast area have been visited either by helicopter or river boat. Although information in many places is still sketchy, the broad outlines of the surface geology are now known. Subsurface data, however, are almost totally lacking.</p><p>The mapping indicates that the petroleum possibilities over most of the province are limited because of complex structure and scarcity of promising reservoir rocks. Two areas where further exploration seems warranted are the Yukon-Kuskokwim Coastal Lowland and the western part of the Kobuk-Selawik Lowland.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr70257","collaboration":"This report is preliminary and has not been edited or reviewed for conformity with Geological Survey standards","usgsCitation":"Patton, W.W., 1970, Petroleum possibilities of the Yukon-Koyukuk Province, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 70-257, Report: 13 p.; 1 Plate: 23.96 x 14.54 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr70257.","productDescription":"Report: 13 p.; 1 Plate: 23.96 x 14.54 inches","costCenters":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":422022,"rank":3,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0257/figure-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":422021,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0257/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":148019,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0257/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"5000000","country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yukon-Koyukuk Province","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -160.73174908925813,\n              66.77942177184187\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.73174908925813,\n              60.34875981757247\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.1810191082801,\n              60.34875981757247\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.1810191082801,\n              66.77942177184187\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.73174908925813,\n              66.77942177184187\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db687e66","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Patton, William Wallace Jr.","contributorId":72346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patton","given":"William","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"Wallace","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":55961,"text":"ofr707 - 1970 - Floods of April-May 1969 in upper Midwestern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-08T15:40:56","indexId":"ofr707","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"70-7","title":"Floods of April-May 1969 in upper Midwestern United States","docAbstract":"<p>The 1969 spring floods in upper Midwestern United States can be attributed primarily to an exceptionally heavy blanket of snow which accumulated during the period December 1968 through February 1969. March precipitation was light, but at the end of the month water content of snow on the ground was as much as 8 inches in some parts of the area. Unusually heavy rains in the fall of 1968 throughout the area, and as much as 3 inches of localized spring rain in the Red River basin during the period April 7-10, 1969, accentuated the flooding.</p><p>Flood data are presented for 285 gaging sites in this report. Peak stages and discharges exceeded previous known maxima in the upstream tributaries of the Red River of the North, upper Minnesota River basin, upper basin of West Fork Des Moines River, and the James, Vermillion, and Big Sioux River basins. In many other basins the 1969 floods were the second highest in many years of record. Recurrence intervals exceeded 50 years for 71 of the 178 sites for which recurrence intervals were computed.</p><p>Flood-crest elevations and flood profiles show the peak stages expressed in mean sea level at many points in the Mississippi, Minnesota, Red, Souris, West Fork Des Moines, Rock, and Little Rock River basins.</p><p>Sediment discharge data obtained in a small part of the lower Minnesota River basin indicated varying yields during the month of April ranging from 26 to 396 tons per square mile.</p><p>Aerial photography during the flood was obtained in a number of river basins. The river reaches which were photographed are tabulated and the location of the photographs indicated.</p><p>Flood damages were estimated to be about $147 million in the six States of North Dakota, South Dakota, Minnesota, Iowa,&nbsp;Wisconsin, and Illinois. Eleven lives were lost to the flood, more than 23,000 persons were forced from their homes, more than a million acres of rich agricultural land were inundated, and thousands of culverts and bridges were washed out on highways and secondary roads.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr707","usgsCitation":"Anderson, D.B., and Schwob, H.H., 1970, Floods of April-May 1969 in upper Midwestern United States: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 70-7, vi, 265 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr707.","productDescription":"vi, 265 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":359339,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0007/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":185137,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0007/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota, Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -104.04052734375,\n              40.29628651711716\n            ],\n            [\n              -90,\n              40.29628651711716\n            ],\n            [\n              -90,\n              48.980216985374994\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.04052734375,\n              48.980216985374994\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.04052734375,\n              40.29628651711716\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b27e4b07f02db6b0fc2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, David B.","contributorId":67511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schwob, Harlan H.","contributorId":23974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwob","given":"Harlan","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":55976,"text":"ofr7058 - 1970 - Evaluation of the surface-water data program in Georgia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-17T14:28:13","indexId":"ofr7058","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"70-58","title":"Evaluation of the surface-water data program in Georgia","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr7058","usgsCitation":"Carter, R., 1970, Evaluation of the surface-water data program in Georgia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 70-58, 64 p., 8 figs., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr7058.","productDescription":"64 p., 8 figs.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science 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,{"id":55973,"text":"ofr7052 - 1970 - A proposed streamflow-data program for Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-13T12:14:46","indexId":"ofr7052","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"70-52","title":"A proposed streamflow-data program for Wisconsin","docAbstract":"<p>An evaluation of the streamflow data available in Wisconsin was made to provide guidelines for planning future programs. The basic steps in the evaluation procedure were (1) definition of the long-term goals of the streamflow data program, (2) examination and analysis of all available data to determine which goals have already been met, and (3) consideration of alternate programs and techniques to meet the remaining objectives. A streamflow data program based on these guidelines is proposed for the future.</p>\n<p>Streamflow data collected at gaging stations were classified according to the type of use or purpose. Recommendations were made as to whether a station should be included in the proposed network or whether it had met the objective for which it was operated and could be discontinued.</p>\n<p>The historical data acquired and the new data to be collected form the basis for analytical and interpretive reports. Recommendations were made as to expanding or initiating such studies. Streamflow data collection should be a continuing effort, reoriented as necessary to meet the changing needs.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr7052","usgsCitation":"Campbell, R.E., and Dreher, F.C., 1970, A proposed streamflow-data program for Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 70-52, Report: iv, 55 p.; 3 Plates: 22.00 x 23.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr7052.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 55 p.; 3 Plates: 22.00 x 23.00 inches","numberOfPages":"62","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":181088,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0052/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":88090,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0052/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":88091,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0052/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":88092,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0052/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":88093,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0052/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b28e4b07f02db6b1688","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Campbell, Roy E.","contributorId":19880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"Roy","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dreher, Frederick C.","contributorId":48955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dreher","given":"Frederick","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":55971,"text":"ofr7048 - 1970 - The streamflow-data program in Iowa, evaluation of the past, proposal for the future","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-22T12:37:03","indexId":"ofr7048","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"70-48","title":"The streamflow-data program in Iowa, evaluation of the past, proposal for the future","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Iowa City","doi":"10.3133/ofr7048","usgsCitation":"Burmeister, I., 1970, The streamflow-data program in Iowa, evaluation of the past, proposal for the future: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 70-48, 85 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,{"id":55968,"text":"ofr7037 - 1970 - A proposed streamflow-data program for Nebraska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:12:08","indexId":"ofr7037","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"70-37","title":"A proposed streamflow-data program for Nebraska","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr7037","usgsCitation":"Brice, H., Shaffer, F., and Stuthmann, N., 1970, A proposed streamflow-data program for Nebraska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 70-37, 68 p., 4 figs., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr7037.","productDescription":"68 p., 4 figs.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":181083,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8a14","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brice, H.D.","contributorId":41406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brice","given":"H.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shaffer, F.B.","contributorId":83602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaffer","given":"F.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stuthmann, N.G.","contributorId":43435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stuthmann","given":"N.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":56035,"text":"ofr70226 - 1970 - Data on water resources of the Hunter Mountain area, Death Valley National Monument, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:47","indexId":"ofr70226","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"70-226","title":"Data on water resources of the Hunter Mountain area, Death Valley National Monument, California","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr70226","usgsCitation":"Miller, G., 1970, Data on water resources of the Hunter Mountain area, Death Valley National Monument, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 70-226, 43 p., 3 figs., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr70226.","productDescription":"43 p., 3 figs.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":174726,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db627baa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, G.A.","contributorId":107671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":32671,"text":"pp529E - 1970 - Atlantic Continental Shelf and Slope of the United States - Ostracode zoogeography in the southern Nova Scotian and northern Virginian faunal provinces","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-25T11:21:44.229727","indexId":"pp529E","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"529","chapter":"E","title":"Atlantic Continental Shelf and Slope of the United States - Ostracode zoogeography in the southern Nova Scotian and northern Virginian faunal provinces","docAbstract":"<p>Ostracodes were identified from 236 bottom samples taken in the region from Nova Scotia to Long Island. There is a distinctive difference between the assemblages in the northern and southern parts of this region. Many sublittoral cryophilic species are not present south of Cape Cod or the Northeast Channel, and several thermophilic species a.re not .found north of Cape Cod or Georges Bank. The ostracode assemblages in the southern part of the cold-temperate Nova Scotian province are a mixture of amphiatlantic cryophilic species and endemic, mainly thermophilic species; European forms make up approximately 50 percent of the species. Less than 25 percent of the species known from the mild-temperate Virginian province have been reported from European waters. More endemic species pass Cape Cod from the south than amphiatlantic cryophilic species do from the north. This is consistent with the fact that summer isotherms are more compressed than winter isotherms in the Cape Cod region, and the southern limit of distribution of most amphiatlantic species is regulated by summer high temperatures. The distribution data on which these interpretations are based are presented in a series of .figures and over 60 species distribution maps. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","doi":"10.3133/pp529E","usgsCitation":"Hazel, J.E., 1970, Atlantic Continental Shelf and Slope of the United States - Ostracode zoogeography in the southern Nova Scotian and northern Virginian faunal provinces: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 529, Report: v,  21 p.; 69 Plates, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp529E.","productDescription":"Report: v,  21 p.; 69 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Records of water levels in areas of heavy pumpage and in areas where changes are principally from natural influences are illustrated or tabulated to allow comparison between these types of water-level fluctuations. The water-levels and related data provide a day-to-day record for the evaluation of available ground-water supplies. The long-term records serve as a framework to which short-term records may be related.</p><p>This report is written for those persons, municipalities, industries, institutions, consultants, drillers and hydrologists interested in the groundwater resources of the State.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr70135","usgsCitation":"Giroux, P., and Huffman, G., 1970, Summary of ground-water hydrological data in Michigan in 1968: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 70-135, vii, 105 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr70135.","productDescription":"vii, 105 p.","numberOfPages":"115","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science 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,{"id":22527,"text":"ofr7033 - 1970 - A proposed streamflow-data program for Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-22T21:17:09.982113","indexId":"ofr7033","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"70-33","title":"A proposed streamflow-data program for Montana","docAbstract":"<p>An evaluation of the streamflow data available in Montana was made to provide guidelines for planning future programs. The basic steps in the evaluation procedures were (1) definition of the long-term goals of the streamflow data program, (2) examination and analysis of all available data to determine which goals have already been met, and (3) consideration of alternate programs and techniques to meet remaining goals. Only one of the goals was met by generalization of the data for gaged basins by regression analysis. The regression method may be more successful at a future time if a more suitable model can be developed, and if an adequate sample of streamflow records can be obtained. In the meantime, other methods of transferring flow characteristics which require some information at the ungaged site may be used. A streamflow data program based on the guidelines developed in this study is proposed. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr7033","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Boner, F.C., and Buswell, G., 1970, A proposed streamflow-data program for Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 70-33, Report: 96 p.; 2 Plates: 39.06 x 22.92 inches and 39.23 x 22.95 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr7033.","productDescription":"Report: 96 p.; 2 Plates: 39.06 x 22.92 inches and 39.23 x 22.95 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":393339,"rank":4,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0033/figure-4.pdf","text":"Figure 4","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":393338,"rank":3,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0033/figure-3.pdf","text":"Figure 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C.","contributorId":32136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boner","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Buswell, G.W.","contributorId":44795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buswell","given":"G.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":13277,"text":"ofr7097 - 1970 - Magnetometer survey in the Jebel Idsas area, Saudi Arabia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-31T15:12:46.569931","indexId":"ofr7097","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"70-97","title":"Magnetometer survey in the Jebel Idsas area, Saudi Arabia","docAbstract":"<p>A ground magnetometer investigation in: the southern part of the Jebel Idsas magnetite area, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, was done in compliance to requests by D. R. Mabey and F. Keller to delineate the source of the aeromagnetic total-intensity anomaly that was interpreted as being the expression of a commercial magnetite deposit.</p><p>Results of the investigation indicate that a zone of magnetite more than 1700 meters in length lies beneath southward protruding ridges and the adjoining margin of a wadi in the central part of the area; and that a small zone of less economic importance occurs beneath a low ridge to the east. Within these zones, the magnetite probably occurs as lenticular masses, stringers, and veins, which aggregate in substantial quantities that constitute the richer parts and are marked by magnetic anomalies.</p><p>The main zone is inferred to be the source of the total -intensity anomaly and is several hundred meters longer than is indicated by the wide-spaced aeromagnetic profiles. This zone averages about 75 meters in width. It may contain as much as 50 percent magnetite, however an estimate of the tonnage represented cannot be made reliably without more complete subsurface information.</p><p>A study of drilling sites in the area reveals that most of the holes are along the south edge of the main zone and were not properly located to test the richer parts as indicated by our magnetic data.</p><p>Drill hole N 40, which was abandoned in November owing to broken drilling equipment, is properly located to test the richest part of the main magnetite-bearing zone. We recommended that this hole be completed and that the resulting subsurface information be used as a guide in selecting additional drilling sites along the trend of the anomaly.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr7097","usgsCitation":"Davis, W.E., Allen, R.V., and Akhrass, M., 1970, Magnetometer survey in the Jebel Idsas area, Saudi Arabia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 70-97, Report: 8 p.; 4 Figures: 9.10 x 41.89 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr7097.","productDescription":"Report: 8 p.; 4 Figures: 9.10 x 41.89 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":498191,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0097/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":147412,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0097/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":498195,"rank":6,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0097/figure-2-2.pdf","text":"Figure 2-2","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":498194,"rank":5,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0097/figure-2-1.pdf","text":"Figure 2-1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":498193,"rank":4,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0097/figure-2.pdf","text":"Figure 2","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":498192,"rank":3,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0097/figure-1.pdf","text":"Figure 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"Saudi Arabia","otherGeospatial":"Jebel Idsas","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              42.32738784712694,\n              15.512723400556823\n            ],\n            [\n              55.46938659113218,\n              19.579159163878117\n            ],\n            [\n              56.089387644546775,\n              21.93229208405711\n            ],\n            [\n              48.656849713663576,\n              28.702737353396188\n            ],\n            [\n              39.424873163889,\n              32.90306864705684\n            ],\n            [\n              33.20660131965218,\n              29.600711506057223\n            ],\n            [\n              42.32738784712694,\n              15.512723400556823\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publicComments":"(IR)SA 18","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a74e4b07f02db644614","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, W. E.","contributorId":100844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":167525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, R. V.","contributorId":100862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":167526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Akhrass, M.N.","contributorId":97121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Akhrass","given":"M.N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":167524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":20197,"text":"ofr70235 - 1970 - Preliminary analysis of infrared imagery, Pahute Mesa area, Nevada Test Site, NASA site 52","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-12T14:34:46.245936","indexId":"ofr70235","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"70-235","title":"Preliminary analysis of infrared imagery, Pahute Mesa area, Nevada Test Site, NASA site 52","docAbstract":"<p>Infrared images from two aircraft missions, flown by HRB-Singer Inc., August 10, 1966, and by NASA, Mission 30, September 3, 1966, have been analyzed. The HRB-Singer Inc., data, obtained in the 3-5 micrometer wavelength band between 10:32 and 11:53 p.m. (MST) in Spite of smoke in the atmosphere, revealed a fault that had not been mapped in the field and that was not visible on vertical black and white aerial photography.</p><p>Twenty-four days later under clear weather conditions, the NASA aircraft obtained infrared imagery in the 8-14 micrometer band on a night overflight of the same area, but the fault mentioned above is not readily identified.</p><p>Nighttime infrared observations assist stratigraphic and structural studies. Rhyolitic lava flows and welded tuff layers, having relatively high thermal inertia, are well outlined as bright (warm) areas on both sets of the nighttime imagery.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr70235","usgsCitation":"Morris, R.H., Carter, W.D., and Orkild, P.P., 1970, Preliminary analysis of infrared imagery, Pahute Mesa area, Nevada Test Site, NASA site 52: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 70-235, Report: 5 p.; 6 Figures: 11.51 x 15.88 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr70235.","productDescription":"Report: 5 p.; 6 Figures: 11.51 x 15.88 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":152982,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0235/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":498526,"rank":8,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0235/figure-6.pdf","text":"Figure 6","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":498525,"rank":7,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0235/figure-5.pdf","text":"Figure 5","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":498524,"rank":6,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0235/figure-4.pdf","text":"Figure 4","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":498523,"rank":5,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0235/figure-3.pdf","text":"Figure 3","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":498522,"rank":4,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0235/figure-2.pdf","text":"Figure 2","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":498521,"rank":3,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0235/figure-1.pdf","text":"Figure 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":498520,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0235/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Pahute Mesa","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"id\":\"37\",\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Nevada\",\"nation\":\"USA  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,{"id":16022,"text":"ofr70307 - 1970 - Digital computer terrain mapping from multispectral data, and evaluation of proposed Earth Resources Technology Satellite (ERTS) data channels, Yellowstone National Park preliminary report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-07T18:47:55.163296","indexId":"ofr70307","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"70-307","title":"Digital computer terrain mapping from multispectral data, and evaluation of proposed Earth Resources Technology Satellite (ERTS) data channels, Yellowstone National Park preliminary report","docAbstract":"<p>Digital computer processing of 12 wavelength bands of visible and reflective infrared scanner data has resulted in successful automatic computer mapping of eight terrain units in a Yellowstone National Park test site. Target areas in the scene were selected for training the computer. Statistical parameters of radiance such as mean, standard deviation, divergence, and covariance were computed for each category of material. These data were used in the computer program to determine which channels are most useful for recognition of all object categories studied, and to actually classify all the unknown data points into the known categories.</p><p>The following terrain types have been mapped with greater than 80 percent accuracy in a 12-square-mile area with 1,800 feet of relief: bedrock exposures, talus, vegetated rock rubble, glacial kame terrace, glacial till, forest, bog, and water, and shadows. In addition, shadows of clouds and cliffs are depicted.</p><p>In addition, studies were made of the effectiveness of the proposed Earth Resources Technology Satellite (ERTS) data channels as compared to the computer-selected best four channels in the automatic recognition and mapping of the same terrain types based on simulations, using the same set of data.</p><p>These simulations resulted in maps whose accuracies were only a few percent less than that using the best set of four channels; they indicate that the ERTS data channels are likely to be successful for terrain analysis of a wide variety of categories encompassing a broad range of spectral reflectance.</p><p>These studies also indicate that, for a broad range of terrain categories, many' combinations of 3 or 11 channels of data would be satisfactory. We need worry about careful selection of specific wavelength bands only if there is a specific category being sought.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr70307","usgsCitation":"Smedes, H.W., Pierce, K.L., Tanguay, M.G., and Hoffer, R., 1970, Digital computer terrain mapping from multispectral data, and evaluation of proposed Earth Resources Technology Satellite (ERTS) data channels, Yellowstone National Park preliminary report: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 70-307, iii, 39 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr70307.","productDescription":"iii, 39 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":147947,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0307/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":498404,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0307/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Montana, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -112.3681640625,\n              42.49640294093705\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.7646484375,\n              42.49640294093705\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.7646484375,\n              45.4524242413431\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.3681640625,\n              45.4524242413431\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.3681640625,\n              42.49640294093705\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b4630","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smedes, Harry Wynn","contributorId":41416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smedes","given":"Harry","email":"","middleInitial":"Wynn","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":172110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pierce, K. L.","contributorId":12404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierce","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":172109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tanguay, Marc G.","contributorId":66701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tanguay","given":"Marc","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":172111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hoffer, R.M.","contributorId":6861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffer","given":"R.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":172108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":57136,"text":"ofr70153 - 1970 - Water-surface elevations and channel characteristics for a selected reach of the Applegate River, Jackson County, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-21T14:00:53","indexId":"ofr70153","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"70-153","title":"Water-surface elevations and channel characteristics for a selected reach of the Applegate River, Jackson County, Oregon","docAbstract":"<p>In land-use planning for the Applegate River and its flood plain, consideration should be given to (1) preservation of the recreational attributes of the area, (2) allowance for optimum development of the flood plain's natural resources, and (3) protection of the rights of private landowners. Major factors that influence evaluation of the above considerations are the elevations and characteristics of floods. Heretofore, such flood data for the Applegate River have been inadequate to evaluate the flood potential or to use as a basis for delineating reasonable land-use zones. Therefore, at the request of Jackson County, this study was made to provide flood elevations, water-surface profiles, and channel characteristics (geometry and slope) for a reach of the Applegate River from the Jackson-Josephine County line upstream to the Applegate damsite (fig. 1). A similar study was previously made for reaches of adjacent Rogue River and Elk Creek (Harris, 1970).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Portland,OR","doi":"10.3133/ofr70153","usgsCitation":"Harris, D.D., and Alexander, C.W., 1970, Water-surface elevations and channel characteristics for a selected reach of the Applegate River, Jackson County, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 70-153, ii, 42 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr70153.","productDescription":"ii, 42 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":174833,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr70153.jpg"},{"id":324132,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0153/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","county":"Jackson County","otherGeospatial":"Applegate River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -123.21647644042967,\n              42.08242629590372\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.21647644042967,\n              42.27629267135368\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.03451538085939,\n              42.27629267135368\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.03451538085939,\n              42.08242629590372\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.21647644042967,\n              42.08242629590372\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4d76","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harris, David Dell","contributorId":24338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"Dell","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":256285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Alexander, Clyde W.","contributorId":62672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alexander","given":"Clyde","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":256286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":2477,"text":"wsp1608M - 1970 - Hydrographic and sedimentation survey of Kajakai Reservoir, Afghanistan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:25","indexId":"wsp1608M","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1608","chapter":"M","title":"Hydrographic and sedimentation survey of Kajakai Reservoir, Afghanistan","docAbstract":"A hydrographic and sedimentation survey of Band-e Kajakai (Kajakai Reservoir) on the Darya-ye Hirmand (Helmand River) was carried out during the period September through December 1968. Underwater mapping techniques were used to determine the reservoir capacity as of 1968. Sediment range lines were established and monumented to facilitate future sedimentation surveys. Afghanistan engineers and technicians were trained to carry out future reservoir surveys. Samples were obtained of the reservoir bed and in the river upstream from the reservoir. Virtually no sediments coarser than about 0.063 millimeter were found on the reservoir bed surface. The median diameter of sands being transported into the reservoir ranged from 0.040 to 0.110 millimeter. The average annual rate of sedimentation was 7,800 acre-feet. Assuming an average density of 50 pounds per cubic foot (800 kilograms per cubic meter), the estimated average sediment inflow to the reservoir was about 8,500,000 tons (7,700,000 metric tons) per year. \r\n\r\nThe decrease in capacity at spillway elevation for the period 1953 to 1968 due to sediment deposition was 7.8 percent, or 117,700 acre-feet. Redefinition of several contours above the fill area resulted in an increase in capacity at spillway elevation of 13,600 acre-feet; thus, the net change in capacity was 7.0 percent, or 104,800 acre-feet. \r\n\r\nBased on current data and an estimated rate of compaction of deposited sediment, the assumption of no appreciable change in hydrologic conditions in the drainage area, the leading edge of the principal delta will reach the irrigation outlet in 40-45 years. \r\n\r\nIt is recommended that a resurvey of sediment range lines be made during the period 1973-75.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp1608M","usgsCitation":"Perkins, D.C., and Culbertson, J.K., 1970, Hydrographic and sedimentation survey of Kajakai Reservoir, Afghanistan: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1608, iv, 43 p. :ill. ;24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1608M.","productDescription":"iv, 43 p. :ill. ;24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":138750,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1608m/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":28553,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1608m/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2de4b07f02db6146cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Perkins, Don C.","contributorId":59429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perkins","given":"Don","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Culbertson, James K.","contributorId":31371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Culbertson","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":3476,"text":"cir601F - 1970 - Hydrologic implications of solid-water disposal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T10:18:47","indexId":"cir601F","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"601","chapter":"F","title":"Hydrologic implications of solid-water disposal","docAbstract":"<p>The disposal of more than 1,400 million pounds of solid wastes in the United States each day is a major problem. This disposal in turn often leads to serious health, esthetic, and environmental problems. Among these is the pollution of vital ground-water resources.</p>\n<p>Of the six principal methods of solid-waste disposal in general use today, four methods-open dumps, sanitary landfill, incineration, and onsite disposal-carry an inherent potential for pollution of water resources. Seepage of rainwater through the wastes leaches undesirable constituents which reach the ground water in the area. This leachate is generally both biologically and chemically contaminated.</p>\n<p>The extent of the pollution from this leachate is largely dependent upon the geologic environment in which the solid wastes are deposited. Pollution potential is highest in permeable areas with a shallow water table where the wastes are in direct contact with the ground water. In a relatively impermeable area, the pollution is generally confined locally to the vicinity of the waste-disposal site.</p>\n<p>Site selection for disposal of solid wastes must be based on adequate water-resources information if pollutional potential is to be minimized. This will require regional as well as localized data on the water resources of the area. Only through such an approach can adequate protection be afforded to the environment in general and the water resources in particular.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/cir601F","usgsCitation":"Schneider, W.J., 1970, Hydrologic implications of solid-water disposal: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 601, vii, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir601F.","productDescription":"vii, 10 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":30487,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1970/0601f/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":124668,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1970/0601f/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1ae4b07f02db606e1a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schneider, William Joseph","contributorId":104466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schneider","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"Joseph","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":20953,"text":"ofr70308 - 1970 - Preliminary description of cores, chemical analyses of lignite beds, and map showing locations of holes drilled in Grant, Hettinger, Morton, and Stark Counties, North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-08T19:21:18.742073","indexId":"ofr70308","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"70-308","title":"Preliminary description of cores, chemical analyses of lignite beds, and map showing locations of holes drilled in Grant, Hettinger, Morton, and Stark Counties, North Dakota","docAbstract":"<p>Nineteen exploratory holes were drilled in Grant, Hettinger, Morton, and Stark Counties, N. Dak. (fig. 1), for the U.S. Geological Survey from June 7 to September 15, 1966. This prospect drilling was undertaken to gather data on the thickness, quality, and extent of lignite beds and the lithologic characteristics of the rocks in the Sentinel Butte and Tongue River Members of the Fort Union Formation. This information is in support of geologic mapping and as part of a program of mineral land classification. A preliminary lithologic description of the cores, drill samples, and chemical analyses of the lignite beds sampled in each hole, drill samples, and chemical analyses of the lignite beds sampled in each hole are given.</p><p>Partial core and drill samples of the 19 holes drilled may be inspected at the North Dakota Geological Survey, Grand Forks, N. 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