{"pageNumber":"181","pageRowStart":"4500","pageSize":"25","recordCount":10462,"records":[{"id":70037745,"text":"70037745 - 2012 - Copper pellets simulating oral exposure to copper ammunition: Absence of toxicity in American kestrels (<i>Falco sparverius</i>)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-03T11:55:15","indexId":"70037745","displayToPublicDate":"2012-03-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Copper pellets simulating oral exposure to copper ammunition: Absence of toxicity in American kestrels (<i>Falco sparverius</i>)","docAbstract":"<p>To evaluate the potential toxicity of copper (Cu) in raptors that may consume Cu bullets, shotgun pellets containing Cu, or Cu fragments as they feed on wildlife carcasses, we studied the effects of metallic Cu exposure in a surrogate, the American kestrel (<i>Falco sparverius</i>). Sixteen kestrels were orally administered 5 mg Cu/g body mass in the form of Cu pellets (1.18&ndash;2.00 mm in diameter) nine times during 38 days and 10 controls were sham gavaged on the same schedule. With one exception, all birds retained the pellets for at least 1 h, but most (69%) regurgitated pellets during a 12-h monitoring period. Hepatic Cu concentrations were greater in kestrels administered Cu than in controls, but there was no difference in Cu concentrations in the blood between treated and control birds. Concentration of the metal-binding protein metallothionein was greater in male birds that received Cu than in controls, whereas concentrations in female birds that received Cu were similar to control female birds. Hepatic Cu and metallothionein concentrations in kestrels were significantly correlated. Histopathologic alterations were noted in the pancreas of four treated kestrels and two controls, but these changes were not associated with hepatic or renal Cu concentrations, and no lesions were seen in other tissues. No clinical signs were observed, and there was no treatment effect on body mass; concentrations of Cu, hemoglobin, or methemoglobin in the blood; or Cu concentrations in kidney, plasma biochemistries, or hematocrit. Based on the parameters we measured, ingested Cu pellets pose little threat to American kestrels (and presumably phylogenetically related species), although the retention time of pellets in the stomach was of relatively short duration. Birds expected to regurgitate Cu fragments with a frequency similar to kestrels are not likely to be adversely affected by Cu ingestion, but the results of our study do not completely rule out the potential for toxicity in species that might retain Cu fragments for a longer time.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s00244-011-9671-1","usgsCitation":"Franson, J., Lahner, L.L., Meteyer, C.U., and Rattner, B.A., 2012, Copper pellets simulating oral exposure to copper ammunition: Absence of toxicity in American kestrels (<i>Falco sparverius</i>): Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 62, no. 1, p. 145-153, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-011-9671-1.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"145","endPage":"153","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246926,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":246925,"rank":100,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00244-011-9671-1","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"62","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-04-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fbffe4b0c8380cd4e086","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Franson, J. Christian 0000-0002-0251-4238","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0251-4238","contributorId":95002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franson","given":"J. Christian","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":462567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lahner, Lesanna L.","contributorId":55103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lahner","given":"Lesanna","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meteyer, Carol U. 0000-0002-4007-3410 cmeteyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4007-3410","contributorId":111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meteyer","given":"Carol","email":"cmeteyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"U.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":462564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rattner, Barnett A. 0000-0003-3676-2843 brattner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3676-2843","contributorId":4142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rattner","given":"Barnett","email":"brattner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70037876,"text":"70037876 - 2012 - Characterizing mercury concentrations and fluxes in a Coastal Plain watershed: Insights from dynamic modeling and data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-19T17:02:52.022313","indexId":"70037876","displayToPublicDate":"2012-03-26T11:56:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2312,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterizing mercury concentrations and fluxes in a Coastal Plain watershed: Insights from dynamic modeling and data","docAbstract":"Mercury (Hg) is one of the leading water quality concerns in surface waters of the United States. Although watershed-scale Hg cycling research has increased in the past two decades, advances in modeling watershed Hg processes in diverse physiographic regions, spatial scales, and land cover types are needed. The goal of this study was to assess Hg cycling in a Coastal Plain system using concentrations and fluxes estimated by multiple watershed-scale models with distinct mathematical frameworks reflecting different system dynamics. We simulated total mercury (Hg<sub>T</sub>, the sum of filtered and particulate forms) concentrations and fluxes from a Coastal Plain watershed (McTier Creek) using three watershed Hg models and an empirical load model. Model output was compared with observed in-stream Hg<sub>T</sub>. We found that shallow subsurface flow is a potentially important transport mechanism of particulate Hg<sub>T</sub> during periods when connectivity between the uplands and surface waters is maximized. Other processes (e.g., stream bank erosion, sediment re-suspension) may increase particulate Hg<sub>T</sub> in the water column. Simulations and data suggest that variable source area (VSA) flow and lack of rainfall interactions with surface soil horizons result in increased dissolved Hg<sub>T</sub> concentrations unrelated to DOC mobilization following precipitation events. Although flushing of DOC-Hg<sub>T</sub> complexes from surface soils can also occur during this period, DOC-complexed Hg<sub>T</sub> becomes more important during base flow conditions. TOPLOAD simulations highlight saturated subsurface flow as a primary driver of daily Hg<sub>T</sub> loadings, but shallow subsurface flow is important for Hg<sub>T</sub> loads during high-flow events. Results suggest limited seasonal trends in Hg<sub>T</sub> dynamics.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/2011JG001806","usgsCitation":"Golden, H., Knightes, C., Conrads, P., Davis, G.M., Feaster, T., Journey, C., Benedict, S., Brigham, M.E., and Bradley, P., 2012, Characterizing mercury concentrations and fluxes in a Coastal Plain watershed: Insights from dynamic modeling and data: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 117, no. G1, G01006, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JG001806.","productDescription":"G01006, 17 p.","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246818,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Mctier Creek Watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -81.54052734375,\n              33.22949814144951\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.69482421875,\n              33.22949814144951\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.69482421875,\n              34.88593094075317\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.54052734375,\n              34.88593094075317\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.54052734375,\n              33.22949814144951\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"117","issue":"G1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-01-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f500e4b0c8380cd4c027","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Golden, H.E.","contributorId":96100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Golden","given":"H.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knightes, C.D.","contributorId":46315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knightes","given":"C.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Conrads, P.A.","contributorId":57493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conrads","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Davis, G. M.","contributorId":7510,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davis","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Feaster, T.D.","contributorId":49191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feaster","given":"T.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Journey, C.A. 0000-0002-2284-5851","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2284-5851","contributorId":106158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Journey","given":"C.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Benedict, S.T.","contributorId":97155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benedict","given":"S.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Brigham, M. E.","contributorId":87535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brigham","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Bradley, P. M. 0000-0001-7522-8606","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-8606","contributorId":29465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"P. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70037817,"text":"70037817 - 2012 - Sea-level history during the Last Interglacial complex on San Nicolas Island, California: implications for glacial isostatic adjustment processes, paleozoogeography and tectonics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-04-30T16:43:34","indexId":"70037817","displayToPublicDate":"2012-03-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sea-level history during the Last Interglacial complex on San Nicolas Island, California: implications for glacial isostatic adjustment processes, paleozoogeography and tectonics","docAbstract":"San Nicolas Island, California has one of the best records of fossiliferous Quaternary marine terraces in North America, with at least fourteen terraces rising to an elevation of ~270 m above present-day sea level. In our studies of the lowest terraces, we identified platforms at 38-36 m (terrace 2a), 33-28 m (terrace 2b), and 13-8 m (terrace 1). Uranium-series dating of solitary corals from these terraces yields three clusters of ages: ~120 ka on terrace 2a (marine isotope stage [MIS] 5.5), ~120 and ~100 ka on terrace 2b (MIS 5.5 and 5.3), and ~80 ka (MIS 5.1) on terrace 1. We conclude that corals on terrace 2b that date to ~120 ka were reworked from a formerly broader terrace 2a during the ~100 ka sea stand. Fossil faunas differ on the three terraces. Isolated fragments of terrace 2a have a fauna similar to that of modern waters surrounding San Nicolas Island. A mix of extralimital southern and extralimital northern species is found on terrace 2b, and extralimital northern species are on terrace 1. On terrace 2b, with its mixed faunas, extralimital southern species, indicating warmer than present waters, are interpreted to be from the ~120 ka high sea stand, reworked from terrace 2a. The extralimital northern species on terrace 2b, indicating cooler than present waters, are interpreted to be from the ~100 ka sea stand. The abundant extralimital northern species on terrace 1 indicate cooler than present waters at ~80 ka. Using the highest elevations of the ~120 ka platform of terrace 2a, and assuming a paleo-sea level of +6 m based on previous studies, San Nicolas Island has experienced late Quaternary uplift rates of ~0.25-0.27 m/ka. These uplift rates, along with shoreline angle elevations and ages of terrace 2b (~100 ka) and terrace 1 (~80 ka) yield relative (local) paleo-sea level elevations of +2 to +6 m for the ~100 ka sea stand and -11 to -12 m for the ~80 ka sea stand. These estimates are significantly higher than those reported for the ~100 ka and ~80 ka sea stands on New Guinea and Barbados. Numerical models of the glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) process presented here demonstrate that these differences in the high stands are expected, given the variable geographic distances between the sites and the former Laurentide and Cordilleran ice sheets. Moreover, the numerical results show that the absolute and differential elevations of the observed high stands provide a potentially important constraint on ice volumes during this time interval and on Earth structure.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Science Reviews","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.01.010","usgsCitation":"Muhs, D.R., Simmons, K., Schumann, R.R., Groves, L., Mitrovica, J.X., and Laurel, D., 2012, Sea-level history during the Last Interglacial complex on San Nicolas Island, California: implications for glacial isostatic adjustment processes, paleozoogeography and tectonics: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 37, p. 1-25, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.01.010.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"25","costCenters":[{"id":308,"text":"Geology and Environmental Change Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246780,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":246775,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.01.010","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Nicolas Island","volume":"37","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8815e4b08c986b3167cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muhs, Daniel R. 0000-0001-7449-251X dmuhs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7449-251X","contributorId":1857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhs","given":"Daniel","email":"dmuhs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Simmons, Kathleen R. ksimmons@usgs.gov","contributorId":4742,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simmons","given":"Kathleen R.","email":"ksimmons@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":462813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schumann, R. Randall 0000-0001-8158-6960 rschumann@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8158-6960","contributorId":1569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schumann","given":"R.","email":"rschumann@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Randall","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Groves, Lindsey T.","contributorId":61678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Groves","given":"Lindsey T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mitrovica, Jerry X.","contributorId":86200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitrovica","given":"Jerry","email":"","middleInitial":"X.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Laurel, Deanna","contributorId":81350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laurel","given":"Deanna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70037765,"text":"70037765 - 2012 - Life histories, salinity zones, and sublethal contributions of contaminants to pelagic fish declines illustrated with a case study of San Francisco Estuary, California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-29T20:25:56.19123","indexId":"70037765","displayToPublicDate":"2012-03-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Life histories, salinity zones, and sublethal contributions of contaminants to pelagic fish declines illustrated with a case study of San Francisco Estuary, California, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>Human effects on estuaries are often associated with major decreases in abundance of aquatic species. However, remediation priorities are difficult to identify when declines result from multiple stressors with interacting sublethal effects. The San Francisco Estuary offers a useful case study of the potential role of contaminants in declines of organisms because the waters of its delta chronically violate legal water quality standards; however, direct effects of contaminants on fish species are rarely observed. Lack of direct lethality in the field has prevented consensus that contaminants may be one of the major drivers of coincident but unexplained declines of fishes with differing life histories and habitats (anadromous, brackish, and freshwater). Our review of available evidence indicates that examining the effects of contaminants and other stressors on specific life stages in different seasons and salinity zones of the estuary is critical to identifying how several interacting stressors could contribute to a general syndrome of declines. Moreover, warming water temperatures of the magnitude projected by climate models increase metabolic rates of ectotherms, and can hasten elimination of some contaminants. However, for other pollutants, concurrent increases in respiratory rate or food intake result in higher doses per unit time without changes in the contaminant concentrations in the water. Food limitation and energetic costs of osmoregulating under altered salinities further limit the amount of energy available to fish; this energy must be redirected from growth and reproduction toward pollutant avoidance, enzymatic detoxification, or elimination. Because all of these processes require energy, bioenergetics methods are promising for evaluating effects of sublethal contaminants in the presence of other stressors, and for informing remediation. Predictive models that evaluate the direct and indirect effects of contaminants will be possible when data become available on energetic costs of exposure to contaminants given simultaneous exposure to non-contaminant stressors.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s12237-011-9459-6","usgsCitation":"Brooks, M.L., Fleishman, E., Brown, L.R., Lehman, P.W., Werner, I., Scholz, N., Michelmore, C., Loworn, J.R., Johnson, M.L., and Schlenk, D., 2012, Life histories, salinity zones, and sublethal contributions of contaminants to pelagic fish declines illustrated with a case study of San Francisco Estuary, California, USA: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 35, no. 2, p. 603-621, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-011-9459-6.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"603","endPage":"621","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474548,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10211.3/130173","text":"External Repository"},{"id":381743,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"San Francisco","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Estuary","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -123.01940917968751,\n              37.26968150969715\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.3275146484375,\n              37.26968150969715\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.3275146484375,\n              38.32011084501538\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.01940917968751,\n              38.32011084501538\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.01940917968751,\n              37.26968150969715\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"35","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-11-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4756e4b0c8380cd67823","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brooks, Marjorie L.","contributorId":30108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"Marjorie","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fleishman, Erica","contributorId":11863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleishman","given":"Erica","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, Larry R. 0000-0001-6702-4531 lrbrown@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6702-4531","contributorId":1717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Larry","email":"lrbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lehman, Peggy W.","contributorId":96168,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lehman","given":"Peggy","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":7101,"text":"California Department of Water Resources, Geodetic Branch","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":462651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Werner, Inge","contributorId":38030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Werner","given":"Inge","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Scholz, Nathaniel","contributorId":22639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scholz","given":"Nathaniel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Michelmore, Carys","contributorId":91756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michelmore","given":"Carys","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Loworn, James R.","contributorId":57329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loworn","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Johnson, Michael L.","contributorId":97781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Schlenk, Daniel","contributorId":99845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schlenk","given":"Daniel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70182710,"text":"70182710 - 2012 - Effectiveness of seining after electrofishing to characterize stream fish communities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-27T11:57:27","indexId":"70182710","displayToPublicDate":"2012-03-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effectiveness of seining after electrofishing to characterize stream fish communities","docAbstract":"<p><span>The richness and composition of species collected uniquely to electrofishing and subsequent seining efforts were examined at 271 stream sites across the USA by using wadeable electrofishing methods (backpack or barge electrofishing) or boat electrofishing followed by seining. Seining after wadeable electrofishing resulted in the collection of new species at 42% of sites, whereas seining after boat electrofishing resulted in the collection of new species at 87% of sites. Mean percentage of total observed fish species richness that was collected uniquely by seining was 6% (representing one new species, on average) after wadeable electrofishing compared with 18% (four new species, on average) after boat electrofishing. Shannon–Wiener diversity index values were not significantly different between data from combined sampling (electrofishing and seining) and data from wadeable electrofishing (</span><i>P</i><span> = 0.490) but were significantly different between boat electrofishing and combined sampling (</span><i>P</i><span> = 0.004). Seining efforts after boat electrofishing can provide critical information that allows for a more complete characterization of the fish community. For sampling in wadeable streams, decisions regarding the use of seines should consider the effectiveness of electrofishing at a given site and the use of seines as an alternative primary sampling gear rather than as a supplement to electrofishing.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MD","doi":"10.1080/02755947.2012.663458","usgsCitation":"Meador, M., 2012, Effectiveness of seining after electrofishing to characterize stream fish communities: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 32, no. 1, p. 177-185, https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2012.663458.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"177","endPage":"185","ipdsId":"IP-028404","costCenters":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336249,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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,{"id":70007274,"text":"70007274 - 2012 - Cross-borehole flow analysis to characterize fracture connections in the Melechov Granite, Bohemian-Moravian Highland, Czech Republic","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:43","indexId":"70007274","displayToPublicDate":"2012-03-05T15:54:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cross-borehole flow analysis to characterize fracture connections in the Melechov Granite, Bohemian-Moravian Highland, Czech Republic","docAbstract":"Application of the cross-borehole flow method, in which short pumping cycles in one borehole are used to induce time-transient flow in another borehole, demonstrated that a simple hydraulic model can characterize the fracture connections in the bedrock mass between the two boreholes. The analysis determines the properties of fracture connections rather than those of individual fractures intersecting a single borehole; the model contains a limited number of adjustable parameters so that any correlation between measured and simulated flow test data is significant. The test was conducted in two 200-m deep boreholes spaced 21 m apart in the Melechov Granite in the Bohemian-Moravian Highland, Czech Republic. Transient flow was measured at depth stations between the identified transmissive fractures in one of the boreholes during short-term pumping and recovery periods in the other borehole. Simulated flows, based on simple model geometries, closely matched the measured flows. The relative transmissivity and storage of the inferred fracture connections were corroborated by tracer testing. The results demonstrate that it is possible to assess the properties of a fracture flow network despite being restricted to making measurements in boreholes in which a local population of discrete fractures regulates the hydraulic communication with the larger-scale aquifer system.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrogeology Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s10040-011-0787-1","usgsCitation":"Paillet, F.L., Williams, J., Urik, J., Lukes, J., Kobr, M., and Mares, S., 2012, Cross-borehole flow analysis to characterize fracture connections in the Melechov Granite, Bohemian-Moravian Highland, Czech Republic: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 20, no. 1, p. 143-154, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-011-0787-1.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"143","endPage":"154","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204829,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":204823,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10040-011-0787-1","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"Czech Republic","otherGeospatial":"Bohemian-moravian Highland","volume":"20","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-10-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fcc0e4b0c8380cd4e3f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paillet, Frederick L.","contributorId":38191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paillet","given":"Frederick","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, John H. 0000-0002-6054-6908 jhwillia@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6054-6908","contributorId":1553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"John","email":"jhwillia@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Urik, Joseph","contributorId":89664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Urik","given":"Joseph","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lukes, Joseph","contributorId":8618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lukes","given":"Joseph","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kobr, Miroslav","contributorId":56376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kobr","given":"Miroslav","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mares, Stanislav","contributorId":28371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mares","given":"Stanislav","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70009618,"text":"sir20125002 - 2012 - Evaluation of long-term water-level declines in basalt aquifers near Mosier, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-22T16:23:22.162624","indexId":"sir20125002","displayToPublicDate":"2012-03-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5002","title":"Evaluation of long-term water-level declines in basalt aquifers near Mosier, Oregon","docAbstract":"The Mosier area lies along the Columbia River in northwestern Wasco County between the cities of Hood River and The Dalles, Oregon. Major water uses in the area are irrigation, municipal supply for the city of Mosier, and domestic supply for rural residents. The primary source of water is groundwater from the Columbia River Basalt Group (CRBG) aquifers that underlie the area. Concerns regarding this supply of water arose in the mid-1970s, when groundwater levels in the orchard tract area began to steadily decline. In the 1980s, the Oregon Water Resources Department (OWRD) conducted a study of the aquifer system, which resulted in delineation of an administrative area where parts of the Pomona and Priest Rapids aquifers were withdrawn from further appropriations for any use other than domestic supply. Despite this action, water levels continued to drop at approximately the same, nearly constant annual rate of about 4 feet per year, resulting in a current total decline of between 150 and 200 feet in many wells with continued downward trends. In 2005, the Mosier Watershed Council and the Wasco Soil and Water Conservation District began a cooperative investigation of the groundwater system with the U.S. Geological Survey. The objectives of the study were to advance the scientific understanding of the hydrology of the basin, to assess the sustainability of the water supply, to evaluate the causes of persistent groundwater-level declines, and to evaluate potential management strategies. An additional U.S. Geological Survey objective was to advance the understanding of CRBG aquifers, which are the primary source of water across a large part of Oregon, Washington, and Idaho. In many areas, significant groundwater level declines have resulted as these aquifers were heavily developed for agricultural, municipal, and domestic water supplies. Three major factors were identified as possible contributors to the water-level declines in the study area: (1) pumping at rates that are not sustainable, (2) well construction practices that have resulted in leakage from aquifers into springs and streams, and (3) reduction in aquifer recharge resulting from long-term climate variations. Historical well construction practices, specifically open, unlined, uncased boreholes that result in cross-connecting (or commingling) multiple aquifers, allow water to flow between these aquifers. Water flowing along the path of least resistance, through commingled boreholes, allows the drainage of aquifers that previously stored water more efficiently. The study area is in the eastern foothills of the Cascade Range in north central Oregon in a transitional zone between the High Cascades to the west and the Columbia Plateau to the east. The 78-square mile (mi<sup>2</sup>) area is defined by the drainages of three streams - Mosier Creek (51.8 mi<sup>2</sup>), Rock Creek (13.9 mi<sup>2</sup>), and Rowena Creek (6.9 mi<sup>2</sup>) - plus a small area that drains directly to the Columbia River.The three major components of the study are: (1) a 2-year intensive data collection period to augment previous streamflow and groundwater-level measurements, (2) precipitation-runoff modeling of the watersheds to determine the amount of recharge to the aquifer system, and (3) groundwater-flow modeling and analysis to evaluate the cause of groundwater-level declines and to evaluate possible water resource management strategies. Data collection included the following: 1. Water-level measurements were made in 37 wells. Bi-monthly or quarterly measurements were made in 30 wells, and continuous water-level monitoring instruments were installed in 7 wells. The measurements principally were made to capture the seasonal patterns in the groundwater system, and to augment the available long-term record. 2. Groundwater pumping was measured, reported, or estimated from irrigation, municipal and domestic wells. Flowmeters were installed on 74 percent of all high-capacity irrigation wells in the study area. 3. Borehole geophysical data were collected from a known commingling well. These data measured geologic properties and vertical flow through the well. 4. Streamflow measurements were made in Rock, Rowena, and Mosier Creeks. A long-term recording stream-gaging station was reestablished on Mosier Creek to provide a continuous record of streamflow. Streamflow measurements also were made along the creeks periodically to evaluate seasonal patterns of exchange between streams and the groundwater system. Major findings from the study include: 1. Annual average precipitation ranges from 20 to 54 inches across the study area with an average value of about 30 inches. Based on rainfall-runoff modeling, about one-third of this water infiltrates into the aquifer system. 2. Currently, about 3 percent of the water infiltrated into the groundwater system is extracted for municipal, agricultural, and rural residential use. The remainder of the water flows through the aquifer system, discharging into local streams and the Columbia River. About 80 percent of recent pumping supports crop production. The city of Mosier public supply wells account for about 10 percent of total pumping, with the remaining 10 percent being pumped from the private wells of rural residents. 3. Groundwater-flow simulation results indicate that leakage through commingling wells is a significant and likely the dominant cause of water level declines. Leakage patterns can be complex, but most of the leaked water likely flows out the CRBG aquifer system through very permeable sediments into Mosier Creek and its tributary streams in the OWRD administrative area. Model-derived estimates attribute 80-90 percent of the declines to commingling, with pumping accounting for the remaining 10-20 percent. Although decadal trends in precipitation have occurred, associated changes in aquifer recharge are likely not a significant contributor to the current water level declines. 4. As many as 150 wells might be commingling. To evaluate whether or not the local combination of geology and well construction have resulted in aquifer commingling at a particular well, the well needs to be tested by measuring intraborehole flow. During geophysical testing of one known commingling well, the flow rate through the well between aquifers ranged between 70 and 135 gallons per minute (11-22 percent of total annual pumping in the study area). Historically, when aquifer water levels were 150-200 feet higher, this flow rate would have been correspondingly higher. 5. Because aquifer commingling through well boreholes is likely the dominant cause of aquifer declines, flow simulations were conducted to evaluate the benefit of repairing wells in specified locations and the benefit of recharging aquifers using diverted flow from study area creeks. As part of this analysis, maps were generated that show which areas are more vulnerable to commingling. These maps indicate that the value of repairing wells in the area generally coincident with the OWRD administrative area is higher than in areas farther upstream in the watershed. Simulation results also indicate that artificial recharge of the aquifers using diverted creek water will not significantly improve water levels in the aquifer system unless at least some commingling wells are repaired first. Repairs would entail construction of wells in a manner that prevents commingling of multiple aquifers. The value of artificially recharging the aquifers improves as more wells are repaired because the aquifer system more efficiently stores water.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125002","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Wasco County Soil and Water Conservation District?","usgsCitation":"Burns, E., Morgan, D.S., Lee, K.K., Haynes, J.V., and Conlon, T.D., 2012, Evaluation of long-term water-level declines in basalt aquifers near Mosier, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5002, viii, 62 p.; Appendices; Downloadable GIS Data, Table A3, and Appendices A-F, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125002.","productDescription":"viii, 62 p.; Appendices; Downloadable GIS Data, Table A3, and Appendices A-F","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204764,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5002/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":204766,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5002.jpg"}],"datum":"North American Datum of 1927","country":"United States","state":"Oregon","city":"Mosier","otherGeospatial":"Mosier Creek, Rock Creek, Rowena Creek","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.55,45.483333333333334 ], [ -121.55,45.75 ], [ -121.16666666666667,45.75 ], [ -121.16666666666667,45.483333333333334 ], [ -121.55,45.483333333333334 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0c92e4b0c8380cd52bdb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burns, Erick R. 0000-0002-1747-0506","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1747-0506","contributorId":84802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns","given":"Erick R.","affiliations":[{"id":310,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy and Geophysics Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":356736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morgan, David S.","contributorId":73181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lee, Karl K.","contributorId":41050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Karl","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haynes, Jonathan V. 0000-0001-6530-6252 jhaynes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6530-6252","contributorId":3113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haynes","given":"Jonathan","email":"jhaynes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Conlon, Terrence D. 0000-0002-5899-7187 tdconlon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5899-7187","contributorId":819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conlon","given":"Terrence","email":"tdconlon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70009631,"text":"70009631 - 2012 - Ensemble forecasting of potential habitat for three invasive fishes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-02T17:16:08","indexId":"70009631","displayToPublicDate":"2012-03-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":868,"text":"Aquatic Invasions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ensemble forecasting of potential habitat for three invasive fishes","docAbstract":"Aquatic invasive species pose major ecological and economic threats to aquatic ecosystems worldwide via displacement, predation, or hybridization with native species and the alteration of aquatic habitats and hydrologic cycles. Modeling the habitat suitability of alien aquatic species through spatially explicit mapping is an increasingly important risk assessment tool. Habitat modeling also facilitates identification of key environmental variables influencing invasive species distributions. We compared four modeling methods to predict the potential continental United States distributions of northern snakehead Channa argus (Cantor, 1842), round goby Neogobius melanostomus (Pallas, 1814), and silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes, 1844) using maximum entropy (Maxent), the genetic algorithm for rule set production (GARP), DOMAIN, and support vector machines (SVM). We used inventory records from the USGS Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database and a geographic information system of 20 climatic and environmental variables to generate individual and ensemble distribution maps for each species. The ensemble maps from our study performed as well as or better than all of the individual models except Maxent. The ensemble and Maxent models produced significantly higher accuracy individual maps than GARP, one-class SVMs, or DOMAIN. The key environmental predictor variables in the individual models were consistent with the tolerances of each species. Results from this study provide insights into which locations and environmental conditions may promote the future spread of invasive fish in the US.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Aquatic Invasions","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Regional Euro-Asian Biological Invasions Centre","publisherLocation":"Helsinki, Finland","usgsCitation":"Poulos, H.M., Chernoff, B., Fuller, P., and Butman, D., 2012, Ensemble forecasting of potential habitat for three invasive fishes: Aquatic Invasions, v. 7, no. 1, p. 59-72.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"59","endPage":"72","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204800,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":204797,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.aquaticinvasions.net/2012/AI_2012_1_Poulos_etal.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","volume":"7","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a097de4b0c8380cd51f3a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poulos, Helen M.","contributorId":75271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poulos","given":"Helen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chernoff, Barry","contributorId":25701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chernoff","given":"Barry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fuller, Pam L. 0000-0002-9389-9144","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9389-9144","contributorId":91226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"Pam L.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Butman, David","contributorId":51011,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butman","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70168401,"text":"70168401 - 2012 - Effects of brood parasitism by brown-headed cowbirds may persist in the post fledging period","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-20T10:08:01","indexId":"70168401","displayToPublicDate":"2012-03-01T10:45:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3784,"text":"Wilson Journal of Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of brood parasitism by brown-headed cowbirds may persist in the post fledging period","docAbstract":"<p>Brood parasitism by Brown-headed Cowbirds (<i>Molothrus ater</i>) typically decreases the number of host juveniles that fledge: however, little information exists regarding the effect of cowbird parasitism during the post-fledging period. We monitored 115 Ovenbird (<i>Seiurus aurocapilla</i>) nests in 2006&ndash;2008 in northcentral Minnesota, six of which were parasitized. We used radiotelemetry to monitor movements of 36 Ovenbird fledglings (nine additional fledglings depredated &lt;24 hrs after fledging were excluded from the movement analysis) from non-parasitized nests and one fledgling from a parasitized nest. Clutch sizes and productivity were lower in parasitized Ovenbird nests than non-parasitized nests, similar to populations at other locations. The fledgling we tracked from a parasitized nest (in 2008) died after 26 days. It was the only fledgling in our study that died (<i>n</i>  =  20) with no sign of predation and an empty stomach. That fledgling took 12 days to travel &gt;50 m from its nest and 25 days to travel &gt;100 m from its nest. Fledglings from non-parasitized broods tracked for &ge;25 days during 2008 (<i>n</i>  =  16) took 4.1 &plusmn; 0.71 and 9.5 &plusmn; 1.14 days to travel the same distances. Our observations suggest that negative effects of brood parasitism may persist into the post-fledging period, possibly confirming observations of cowbird-only survival compiled from the literature.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wilson Ornithological Society","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, KS","doi":"10.1676/11-050.1","usgsCitation":"Peterson, S.M., Streby, H.M., and Andersen, D., 2012, Effects of brood parasitism by brown-headed cowbirds may persist in the post fledging period: Wilson Journal of Ornithology, v. 124, no. 1, p. 179-183, https://doi.org/10.1676/11-050.1.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"179","endPage":"183","numberOfPages":"5","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-018617","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":317970,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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,{"id":70154941,"text":"70154941 - 2012 - Assessing accumulation and sublethal effects of lead in a unionid mussel","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-18T09:08:02","indexId":"70154941","displayToPublicDate":"2012-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3701,"text":"WALKERANA","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing accumulation and sublethal effects of lead in a unionid mussel","docAbstract":"<p>Lead (Pb) contamination of the environment remains a global problem. Previous studies have demonstrated that Pb deposited onto roadside sediments from the past use of leaded gasoline in vehicles may be mobilized into rivers and streams, thereby resulting in exposure to aquatic biota. The aims of this study were to conduct a 28-day laboratory toxicity test with Pb and adult Eastern Elliptio (Elliptio complanata; family Unionidae) mussels to determine uptake kinetics and to assess several potential non-lethal biomarkers of Pb exposure. Mussels were collected from a relatively uncontaminated reference site and exposed to a control and eight concentrations of Pb (as lead nitrate) ranging from 1 to 251 &micro;g/L, as a static renewal test. There were five replicates per treatment with one mussel per replicate. The hemolymph of mussels from four of the replicates was repeatedly sampled (days 7, 14, 21, and 28) for analysis of Pb and ion (Na+, K+, Cl-, Ca2+) concentrations. The mussels in the fifth replicate per treatment were only sampled on day 28 and served as a comparison to the repeatedly sampled mussels. The accumulation of Pb in mussel tissue was also evaluated during the study. No mussels died during the test. We found that measured concentrations of Pb in mussel hemolymph suggested regulation of the heavy metal up to 66 &mu;g/L by day 14, whereas concentrations in tissue proved to be strongly correlated (R2 = 0.98; p &lt; 0.0001) throughout the 28-day exposure, displaying concentration dependent uptake. The concentration of Pb in mussel hemolymph, which can be sampled and measured non-lethally, is a suitable marker of recent Pb exposure in mussels. In contrast, none of the ion concentrations measured in the hemolymph from the repeatedly sampled mussels was significantly changed with increasing concentrations of Pb, whereas the mussels from the fifth replicate sampled only on day 28 showed altered calcium concentrations. The activity of &delta;-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD), a demonstrated Pb-specific biomarker in vertebrates and some invertebrates, which was also evaluated as a potential endpoint in an initial evaluation for this study, proved to be an unsuitable biomarker in Elliptio complanata, with no detectable activity observed. This finding was in contrast to a second fre</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Freshwater Mollusk Society","usgsCitation":"Mosher, S., Cope, W., Weber, F.X., Kwak, T.J., and Shea, D., 2012, Assessing accumulation and sublethal effects of lead in a unionid mussel: WALKERANA, v. 15, no. 2, p. 60-68.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"60","endPage":"68","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-034103","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306835,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":306834,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://molluskconservation.org/Walkerana_BackIssues.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","county":"Hillsborough","otherGeospatial":"Eno River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -79.11383628845215,\n              36.066723373326525\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.11383628845215,\n              36.07539535619951\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.0865421295166,\n              36.07539535619951\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.0865421295166,\n              36.066723373326525\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.11383628845215,\n              36.066723373326525\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"15","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55d4572ce4b0518e354694a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mosher, Shad","contributorId":145453,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mosher","given":"Shad","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cope, W. Gregory","contributorId":70353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cope","given":"W. Gregory","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weber, Frank X.","contributorId":145454,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weber","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"X.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kwak, Thomas J. 0000-0002-0616-137X tkwak@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0616-137X","contributorId":834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kwak","given":"Thomas","email":"tkwak@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shea, Damian","contributorId":145456,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shea","given":"Damian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70007242,"text":"70007242 - 2012 - Zoonotic viruses associated with illegally imported wildlife products","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-13T15:46:52","indexId":"70007242","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-20T18:21:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Zoonotic viruses associated with illegally imported wildlife products","docAbstract":"<p>The global trade in wildlife has historically contributed to the emergence and spread of infectious diseases. The United States is the world's largest importer of wildlife and wildlife products, yet minimal pathogen surveillance has precluded assessment of the health risks posed by this practice. This report details the findings of a pilot project to establish surveillance methodology for zoonotic agents in confiscated wildlife products. Initial findings from samples collected at several international airports identified parts originating from nonhuman primate (NHP) and rodent species, including baboon, chimpanzee, mangabey, guenon, green monkey, cane rat and rat. Pathogen screening identified retroviruses (simian foamy virus) and/or herpesviruses (cytomegalovirus and lymphocryptovirus) in the NHP samples. These results are the first demonstration that illegal bushmeat importation into the United States could act as a conduit for pathogen spread, and suggest that implementation of disease surveillance of the wildlife trade will help facilitate prevention of disease emergence.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0029505","usgsCitation":"Smith, K.M., Anthony, S.J., Switzer, W.M., Epstein, J., Seimon, T., Jia, H., Sanchez, M.D., Huynh, T.T., Galland, G.G., Shapiro, S.E., Sleeman, J.M., McAloose, D., Stuchin, M., Amato, G., Kolokotronis, S., Lipkin, W.I., Karesh, W., Daszak, P., and Marano, N., 2012, Zoonotic viruses associated with illegally imported wildlife products: PLoS ONE, v. 7, no. 1, e29505; 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0029505.","productDescription":"e29505; 9 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health 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,{"id":70124979,"text":"70124979 - 2012 - Eco-virological approach for assessing the role of wild birds in the spread of avian influenza H5N1 along the central Asian flyway","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-23T09:13:07","indexId":"70124979","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-07T10:06:12","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Eco-virological approach for assessing the role of wild birds in the spread of avian influenza H5N1 along the central Asian flyway","docAbstract":"A unique pattern of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 outbreaks has emerged along the Central Asia Flyway, where infection of wild birds has been reported with steady frequency since 2005. We assessed the potential for two hosts of HPAI H5N1, the bar-headed goose (<i>Anser indicus</i>) and ruddy shelduck (<i>Tadorna tadorna</i>), to act as agents for virus dispersal along this ‘thoroughfare’. We used an eco-virological approach to compare the migration of 141 birds marked with GPS satellite transmitters during 2005–2010 with: 1) the spatio-temporal patterns of poultry and wild bird outbreaks of HPAI H5N1, and 2) the trajectory of the virus in the outbreak region based on phylogeographic mapping. We found that biweekly utilization distributions (UDs) for 19.2% of bar-headed geese and 46.2% of ruddy shelduck were significantly associated with outbreaks. Ruddy shelduck showed highest correlation with poultry outbreaks owing to their wintering distribution in South Asia, where there is considerable opportunity for HPAI H5N1 spillover from poultry. Both species showed correlation with wild bird outbreaks during the spring migration, suggesting they may be involved in the northward movement of the virus. However, phylogeographic mapping of HPAI H5N1 clades 2.2 and 2.3 did not support dissemination of the virus in a northern direction along the migration corridor. In particular, two subclades (2.2.1 and 2.3.2) moved in a strictly southern direction in contrast to our spatio-temporal analysis of bird migration. Our attempt to reconcile the disciplines of wild bird ecology and HPAI H5N1 virology highlights prospects offered by both approaches as well as their limitations.","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0030636","usgsCitation":"Newman, S.H., Hill, N., Spragens, K., Janies, D., Voronkin, I.O., Prosser, D.J., Yan, B., Lei, F., Batbayar, N., Natsagdorj, T., Bishop, C.M., Butler, P.J., Wikelski, M., Balachandran, S., Mundkur, T., Douglas, D.C., and Takekawa, J.Y., 2012, Eco-virological approach for assessing the role of wild birds in the spread of avian influenza H5N1 along the central Asian flyway: PLoS ONE, v. 7, no. 2, e30636; 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0030636.","productDescription":"e30636; 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-027514","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research 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J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Spragens, Kyle A.","contributorId":98452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spragens","given":"Kyle A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Janies, Daniel","contributorId":69899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Janies","given":"Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Voronkin, Igor O.","contributorId":32455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voronkin","given":"Igor","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Prosser, Diann J. 0000-0002-5251-1799 dprosser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5251-1799","contributorId":2389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prosser","given":"Diann","email":"dprosser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Yan, Baoping","contributorId":76871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yan","given":"Baoping","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lei, Fumin","contributorId":33841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lei","given":"Fumin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Batbayar, Nyambayar","contributorId":40338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Batbayar","given":"Nyambayar","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Natsagdorj, Tseveenmyadag","contributorId":28729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Natsagdorj","given":"Tseveenmyadag","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Bishop, Charles M.","contributorId":98867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bishop","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Butler, Patrick J.","contributorId":103782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butler","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Wikelski, Martin","contributorId":76451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wikelski","given":"Martin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Balachandran, Sivananinthaperumal","contributorId":20593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balachandran","given":"Sivananinthaperumal","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Mundkur, Taej","contributorId":107843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mundkur","given":"Taej","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Douglas, David C. 0000-0003-0186-1104 ddouglas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0186-1104","contributorId":2388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"David","email":"ddouglas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":501064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17}]}}
,{"id":70007283,"text":"70007283 - 2012 - Selection of nest-site habitat by interior least terns in relation to sandbar construction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-05T11:22:34","indexId":"70007283","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-06T09:11:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Selection of nest-site habitat by interior least terns in relation to sandbar construction","docAbstract":"Federally endangered interior least terns (<i>Sternula antillarum</i>) nest on bare or sparsely vegetated sandbars on midcontinent river systems. Loss of nesting habitat has been implicated as a cause of population declines, and managing these habitats is a major initiative in population recovery. One such initiative involves construction of mid-channel sandbars on the Missouri River, where natural sandbar habitat has declined in quantity and quality since the late 1990s. We evaluated nest-site habitat selection by least terns on constructed and natural sandbars by comparing vegetation, substrate, and debris variables at nest sites (<i>n</i> = 798) and random points (<i>n</i> = 1,113) in bare or sparsely vegetated habitats. Our logistic regression models revealed that a broader suite of habitat features was important in nest-site selection on constructed than on natural sandbars. Odds ratios for habitat variables indicated that avoidance of habitat features was the dominant nest-site selection process on both sandbar types, with nesting terns being attracted to nest-site habitat features (gravel and debris) and avoiding vegetation only on constructed sandbars, and avoiding silt and leaf litter on both sandbar types. Despite the seemingly uniform nature of these habitats, our results suggest that a complex suite of habitat features influences nest-site choice by least terns. However, nest-site selection in this social, colonially nesting species may be influenced by other factors, including spatial arrangement of bare sand habitat, proximity to other least terns, and prior habitat occupancy by piping plovers (<i>Charadrius melodus</i>). We found that nest-site selection was sensitive to subtle variation in habitat features, suggesting that rigor in maintaining habitat condition will be necessary in managing sandbars for the benefit of least terns. Further, management strategies that reduce habitat features that are avoided by least terns may be the most beneficial to nesting least terns.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MD","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.301","usgsCitation":"Sherfy, M.H., Stucker, J.H., and Buhl, D., 2012, Selection of nest-site habitat by interior least terns in relation to sandbar construction: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 76, no. 2, p. 363-371, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.301.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"363","endPage":"371","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474580,"rank":101,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.301","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":204709,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":115767,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.301","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Missouri River","volume":"76","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-12-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8cd1e4b08c986b318153","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sherfy, Mark H. 0000-0003-3016-4105 msherfy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3016-4105","contributorId":125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherfy","given":"Mark","email":"msherfy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stucker, Jennifer H. jstucker@usgs.gov","contributorId":3183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stucker","given":"Jennifer","email":"jstucker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Buhl, Deborah A. 0000-0002-8563-5990","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8563-5990","contributorId":26250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buhl","given":"Deborah A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70007284,"text":"70007284 - 2012 - Selection indicates preference in diverse habitats: A ground-nesting bird (<i>Charadrius melodus</i>) using reservoir shoreline","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-31T10:59:02","indexId":"70007284","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-01T08:44:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Selection indicates preference in diverse habitats: A ground-nesting bird (<i>Charadrius melodus</i>) using reservoir shoreline","docAbstract":"Animals use proximate cues to select resources that maximize individual fitness. When animals have a diverse array of available habitats, those selected could give insights into true habitat preferences. Since the construction of the Garrison Dam on the Missouri River in North Dakota, Lake Sakakawea (SAK) has become an important breeding area for federally threatened piping plovers (<i>Charadrius melodus</i>; hereafter plovers). We used conditional logistic regression to examine nest-site selection at fine scales (1, 3, and 10 m) during summers 2006&ndash;2009 by comparing characteristics at 351 nests to those of 668 random sites within nesting territories. Plovers selected sites (1 m<sup>2</sup>) that were lower than unused random sites, increasing the risk of nest inundation. Plovers selected nest sites that were flat, had little silt, and at least 1 cobble; they also selected for 3-m radius nest areas that were relatively flat and devoid of vegetation and litter. Ninety percent of nests had <38% coverage of silt and <10% slope at the site, and <15% coverage of vegetation or litter and <31% slope within the 3-m radius. Gravel was selected for at nest sites (11% median), but against in the area 10-m from the nest, suggesting plovers select for patches or strips of gravel. Although elevation is rarely evaluated in studies of ground-nesting birds, our results underscore its importance in habitat-selection studies. Relative to where plovers historically nested, habitat at SAK has more diverse topography, substrate composition, vegetation communities, and greater water-level fluctuations. Accordingly, our results provide an example of how habitat-selection results can be interpreted as habitat preferences because they are not influenced by desired habitats being scarce or absent. Further, our results will be useful for directing habitat conservation for plovers and interpreting other habitat-selection studies.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0030347","usgsCitation":"Anteau, M.J., Sherfy, M.H., and Wiltermuth, M.T., 2012, Selection indicates preference in diverse habitats: A ground-nesting bird (<i>Charadrius melodus</i>) using reservoir shoreline: PLoS ONE, v. 7, no. 1, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0030347.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"e30347","temporalStart":"2006-06-01","temporalEnd":"2009-08-31","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474582,"rank":101,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0030347","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":204710,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":115766,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0030347","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Missouri River;Garrison Dam;Lake Sakakawea","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -101.44020080566406,\n              47.498241943073786\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.4254379272461,\n              47.498241943073786\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.4254379272461,\n              47.50925856681305\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.44020080566406,\n              47.50925856681305\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.44020080566406,\n              47.498241943073786\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-01-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8ccce4b08c986b31812c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anteau, Michael J. 0000-0002-5173-5870 manteau@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5173-5870","contributorId":3427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anteau","given":"Michael","email":"manteau@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sherfy, Mark H. 0000-0003-3016-4105 msherfy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3016-4105","contributorId":125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherfy","given":"Mark","email":"msherfy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wiltermuth, Mark T. 0000-0002-8871-2816 mwiltermuth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8871-2816","contributorId":708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiltermuth","given":"Mark","email":"mwiltermuth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70173612,"text":"70173612 - 2012 - Factors affecting fish biodiversity in floodplain lakes of the Mississippi Alluvial Valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-09T14:25:11","indexId":"70173612","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1528,"text":"Environmental Biology of Fishes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Factors affecting fish biodiversity in floodplain lakes of the Mississippi Alluvial Valley","docAbstract":"<p><span>River-floodplain ecosystems offer some of the most diverse and dynamic environments in the world. Accordingly, floodplain habitats harbor diverse fish assemblages. Fish biodiversity in floodplain lakes may be influenced by multiple variables operating on disparate scales, and these variables may exhibit a hierarchical organization depending on whether one variable governs another. In this study, we examined the interaction between primary variables descriptive of floodplain lake large-scale features, suites of secondary variables descriptive of water quality and primary productivity, and a set of tertiary variables descriptive of fish biodiversity across a range of floodplain lakes in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley of Mississippi and Arkansas (USA). Lakes varied considerably in their representation of primary, secondary, and tertiary variables. Multivariate direct gradient analyses indicated that lake maximum depth and the percentage of agricultural land surrounding a lake were the most important factors controlling variation in suites of secondary and tertiary variables, followed to a lesser extent by lake surface area. Fish biodiversity was generally greatest in large, deep lakes with lower proportions of watershed agricultural land. Our results may help foster a holistic approach to floodplain lake management and suggest the framework for a feedback model wherein primary variables can be manipulated for conservation and restoration purposes and secondary and tertiary variables can be used to monitor the success of such efforts.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s10641-011-9923-y","usgsCitation":"Miranda, L.E., and Dembkowski, D., 2012, Factors affecting fish biodiversity in floodplain lakes of the Mississippi Alluvial Valley: Environmental Biology of Fishes, v. 93, no. 3, p. 357-368, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-011-9923-y.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"357","endPage":"368","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-030702","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323392,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"93","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-09-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575a9332e4b04f417c275146","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miranda, Leandro E. 0000-0002-2138-7924 smiranda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2138-7924","contributorId":531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miranda","given":"Leandro","email":"smiranda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dembkowski, Daniel J.","contributorId":78237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dembkowski","given":"Daniel J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70189803,"text":"70189803 - 2012 - Spatial distribution of landslides triggered from the 2007 Niigata Chuetsu–Oki Japan Earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-26T14:50:50","indexId":"70189803","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1517,"text":"Engineering Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial distribution of landslides triggered from the 2007 Niigata Chuetsu–Oki Japan Earthquake","docAbstract":"<p><span>Understanding the spatial distribution of earthquake-induced landslides from specific earthquakes provides an opportunity to recognize what to expect from future events. The July 16, 2007 M</span><sub>w</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>6.6 (M</span><sub>JMA</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>6.8) Niigata Chuetsu–Oki Japan earthquake triggered hundreds of landslides in the area surrounding the coastal city of Kashiwazaki and provides one such opportunity to evaluate the impacts of an offshore, magnitude 6</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>+ earthquake on a steep coastal region. As part of a larger effort to document all forms of geotechnical damage from this earthquake, we performed landslide inventory mapping throughout the epicentral area and analyzed the resulting data for spatial, seismic-motion, and geologic correlations to describe the pattern of landsliding. Coupled with examination of a third-party, aerial-photo-based landslide inventory, our analyses reveal several areas of high landslide concentration that are not readily explained by either traditional epicentral and fault–plane-distance metrics or by recorded and inferred ground-motions. Whereas average landslide concentrations averaged less than 1 landslide per square kilometer (LS/km</span><sup>2</sup><span>), some areas reached up to 2</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>LS/km</span><sup>2</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>in the Nishiyama Hills to the northeast of Kashiwazaki and between 2 and 11</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>LS/km</span><sup>2</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>in coastal areas to the north and south of the city. Correlation with seismometer-based and monument overturning back-calculated ground motions suggests that a minimum peak ground acceleration (PGA) of approximately 0.2</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>g was necessary for landsliding throughout the region, but does not explain the subregional areas of high landslide concentration. However, analysis of topographic slope and the distribution of generally weak, dip-slope, geologic units does sufficiently explain why, on a sub-regional scale, high landslide concentrations occurred where they did. These include: (1) an inland region of steep, dip-slope, anticlinal sedimentary strata with associated fold belt compression and uplift of the anticline and (2) coastal areas with generally weaker, weathered outcrop lithology and steeper slopes resulting from active marine and terrestrial cliff processes. The results offer lessons for understanding the effects of earthquakes on both regional and subregional scales with regard to the spatial distribution of landsliding.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2011.12.010","usgsCitation":"Collins, B.D., Kayen, R.E., and Tanaka, Y., 2012, Spatial distribution of landslides triggered from the 2007 Niigata Chuetsu–Oki Japan Earthquake: Engineering Geology, v. 127, p. 14-26, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2011.12.010.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"14","endPage":"26","ipdsId":"IP-028506","costCenters":[{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344334,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Japan","volume":"127","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5979aa58e4b0ec1a488b8c46","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collins, Brian D. 0000-0003-4881-5359 bcollins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4881-5359","contributorId":149278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"Brian","email":"bcollins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kayen, Robert E. 0000-0002-0356-072X rkayen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0356-072X","contributorId":140764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kayen","given":"Robert","email":"rkayen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":706430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tanaka, Yasuo","contributorId":195161,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tanaka","given":"Yasuo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70007247,"text":"70007247 - 2012 - Ocean-atmosphere dynamics during Hurricane Ida and Nor'Ida: An application of the coupled ocean-;atmosphere&ndash;wave&ndash;sediment transport (COAWST) modeling system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-06T15:04:03","indexId":"70007247","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-27T09:39:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2925,"text":"Ocean Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ocean-atmosphere dynamics during Hurricane Ida and Nor'Ida: An application of the coupled ocean-;atmosphere&ndash;wave&ndash;sediment transport (COAWST) modeling system","docAbstract":"The coupled ocean&ndash;atmosphere&ndash;wave&ndash;sediment transport (COAWST) modeling system was used to investigate atmosphere&ndash;ocean&ndash;wave interactions in November 2009 during Hurricane Ida and its subsequent evolution to Nor'Ida, which was one of the most costly storm systems of the past two decades. One interesting aspect of this event is that it included two unique atmospheric extreme conditions, a hurricane and a nor'easter storm, which developed in regions with different oceanographic characteristics. Our modeled results were compared with several data sources, including GOES satellite infrared data, JASON-1 and JASON-2 altimeter data, CODAR measurements, and wave and tidal information from the National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) and the National Tidal Database. By performing a series of numerical runs, we were able to isolate the effect of the interaction terms between the atmosphere (modeled with Weather Research and Forecasting, the WRF model), the ocean (modeled with Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS)), and the wave propagation and generation model (modeled with Simulating Waves Nearshore (SWAN)). Special attention was given to the role of the ocean surface roughness. Three different ocean roughness closure models were analyzed: DGHQ (which is based on wave age), TY2001 (which is based on wave steepness), and OOST (which considers both the effects of wave age and steepness). Including the ocean roughness in the atmospheric module improved the wind intensity estimation and therefore also the wind waves, surface currents, and storm surge amplitude. For example, during the passage of Hurricane Ida through the Gulf of Mexico, the wind speeds were reduced due to wave-induced ocean roughness, resulting in better agreement with the measured winds. During Nor'Ida, including the wave-induced surface roughness changed the form and dimension of the main low pressure cell, affecting the intensity and direction of the winds. The combined wave age- and wave steepness-based parameterization (OOST) provided the best results for wind and wave growth prediction. However, the best agreement between the measured (CODAR) and computed surface currents and storm surge values was obtained with the wave steepness-based roughness parameterization (TY2001), although the differences obtained with respect to DGHQ were not significant. The influence of sea surface temperature (SST) fields on the atmospheric boundary layer dynamics was examined; in particular, we evaluated how the SST affects wind wave generation, surface currents and storm surges. The integrated hydrograph and integrated wave height, parameters that are highly correlated with the storm damage potential, were found to be highly sensitive to the ocean surface roughness parameterization.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ocean Modelling","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.ocemod.2011.12.008","usgsCitation":"Olabarrieta, M., Warner, J., Armstrong, B., Zambon, J.B., and He, R., 2012, Ocean-atmosphere dynamics during Hurricane Ida and Nor'Ida: An application of the coupled ocean-;atmosphere&ndash;wave&ndash;sediment transport (COAWST) modeling system: Ocean Modelling, v. 43-44, p. 112-137, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2011.12.008.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"112","endPage":"137","numberOfPages":"25","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474584,"rank":101,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/5124","text":"External Repository"},{"id":204581,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":115753,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2011.12.008","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"43-44","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6c98e4b0c8380cd74ce7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olabarrieta, Maitane 0000-0002-7619-7992 molabarrieta@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7619-7992","contributorId":81631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olabarrieta","given":"Maitane","email":"molabarrieta@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":356183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Warner, John C. 0000-0002-3734-8903 jcwarner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3734-8903","contributorId":2681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warner","given":"John C.","email":"jcwarner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Armstrong, Brandy N. barmstrong@usgs.gov","contributorId":5897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Armstrong","given":"Brandy N.","email":"barmstrong@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":356180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zambon, Joseph B.","contributorId":8222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zambon","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"He, Ruoying","contributorId":68029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"He","given":"Ruoying","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70039011,"text":"70039011 - 2012 - Response of New zealand mudsnails Potamopyrgus antipodarum to freezing and near freezing fluctuating water temperatures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-05T11:28:02","indexId":"70039011","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-05T11:05:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1699,"text":"Freshwater Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response of New zealand mudsnails Potamopyrgus antipodarum to freezing and near freezing fluctuating water temperatures","docAbstract":"We explored the resilience of the invasive New Zealand mudsnail Potamopyrgus antipodarum to fluctuating winter freezing and near-freezing temperature cycles in laboratory tests. Our goal was to provide data to confirm field observations of mortality and presumed mortality in stream habitats with fluctuating freezing to near-freezing temperatures. We tested individuals from 2 locations with distinctly different thermal regimes and population densities. One location had low snail densities and water temperatures with strong diel and seasonal water variation. The other location had high snail densities and nearly constant water temperatures. Groups of individuals from both locations were tested in each of 3 laboratory-created diel thermal cycles around nominal temperatures of 0, 2, or 4&deg;C. Mortality occurred in cycles around 0&deg;C in both populations, and little to no mortality occurred at temperatures &gt;0&deg;C. Individuals from both sources held in diel 0&deg;C cycles for 72 h showed 100% mortality. Our findings support observations from published field studies that survival was limited in infested habitats subject to freezing temperatures.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Freshwater Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Society for Freshwater Science","doi":"10.1899/11-160.1","usgsCitation":"Moffitt, C.M., and James, C.A., 2012, Response of New zealand mudsnails Potamopyrgus antipodarum to freezing and near freezing fluctuating water temperatures: Freshwater Science, v. 31, no. 4, p. 1035-1041, https://doi.org/10.1899/11-160.1.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1035","endPage":"1041","ipdsId":"IP-033785","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":276021,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":276018,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1899/11-160.1"}],"volume":"31","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5200c968e4b009d47a4c23d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moffitt, Christine M. 0000-0001-6020-9728 cmoffitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6020-9728","contributorId":2583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moffitt","given":"Christine","email":"cmoffitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"James, Christopher A.","contributorId":35604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"James","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70048099,"text":"70048099 - 2012 - Effects of smectite to illite transformation on the frictional strength and sliding stability of intact marine mudstones","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-10T15:52:32","indexId":"70048099","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T15:47:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of smectite to illite transformation on the frictional strength and sliding stability of intact marine mudstones","docAbstract":"At subduction zones, earthquake nucleation and coseismic slip occur only within a limited depth range, known as the “seismogenic zone”. One leading hypothesis for the upper aseismic-seismic transition is that transformation of smectite to illite at ∼100–150°C triggers a change from rate-strengthening frictional behavior that allows only stable sliding, to rate weakening behavior considered a prerequisite for unstable slip. Previous studies on powdered gouges have shown that changes in clay mineralogy alone are unlikely to control this transition, but associated fabric and cementation developed during diagenesis remain possible candidates. We conducted shearing experiments designed specifically to evaluate this hypothesis, by using intact wafers of mudstone from Ocean Drilling Program Site 1174, offshore SW Japan, which have undergone progressive smectite transformation in situ. We sheared specimens along a sawcut in a triaxial configuration, oriented parallel to bedding, at normal stresses of ∼20–150 MPa and a pore pressure of 1 MPa. During shearing, we conducted velocity-stepping tests to measure the friction rate parameter (a-b). Friction coefficient ranges from 0.28–0.40 and values of (a-b) are uniformly positive; both are independent of clay transformation progress. Our work represents the most direct and comprehensive test of the clay transformation hypothesis to date, and suggests that neither illitization, nor accompanying fabric development and cementation, trigger a transition to unstable frictional behavior. We suggest that strain localization, in combination with precipitation of calcite and quartz, is a viable alternative that is consistent with both field observations and recent conceptual models of a heterogeneous seismogenic zone.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2012GL051761","usgsCitation":"Saffer, D.M., Lockner, D.A., and McKiernan, A., 2012, Effects of smectite to illite transformation on the frictional strength and sliding stability of intact marine mudstones: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 39, no. 11, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2012GL051761.","productDescription":"6 p.","numberOfPages":"6","ipdsId":"IP-038091","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474594,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2012gl051761","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":277463,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277462,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012GL051761"}],"country":"Japan","otherGeospatial":"Philippine Sea Plate;Eurasian Plate","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -129.0,31.0 ], [ -129.0,36.0 ], [ -137.0,36.0 ], [ -137.0,31.0 ], [ -129.0,31.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"39","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-06-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52303f61e4b04b8e63a2062a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saffer, Demian M.","contributorId":75051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saffer","given":"Demian","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lockner, David A. 0000-0001-8630-6833 dlockner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8630-6833","contributorId":567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lockner","given":"David","email":"dlockner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McKiernan, Alex","contributorId":42124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKiernan","given":"Alex","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70124943,"text":"70124943 - 2012 - Trajectory of early tidal marsh restoration: elevation, sedimentation and colonization of breached salt ponds in the northern San Francisco Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-19T08:39:59","indexId":"70124943","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T15:10:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1454,"text":"Ecological Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trajectory of early tidal marsh restoration: elevation, sedimentation and colonization of breached salt ponds in the northern San Francisco Bay","docAbstract":"Tidal marsh restoration projects that cover large areas are critical for maintaining target species, yet few large sites have been studied and their restoration trajectories remain uncertain. A tidal marsh restoration project in the northern San Francisco Bay consisting of three breached salt ponds (≥300 ha each; 1175 ha total) is one of the largest on the west coast of North America. These diked sites were subsided and required extensive sedimentation for vegetation colonization, yet it was unclear whether they would accrete sediment and vegetate within a reasonable timeframe. We conducted bathymetric surveys to map substrate elevations using digital elevation models and surveyed colonizing Pacific cordgrass (<i>Spartina foliosa</i>). The average elevation of Pond 3 was 0.96 ± 0.19 m (mean ± SD; meters NAVD88) in 2005. In 2008–2009, average pond elevations were 1.05 ± 0.25 m in Pond 3, 0.81 ± 0.26 m in Pond 4, and 0.84 ± 0.24 m in Pond 5 (means ± SD; meters NAVD88). The largest site (Pond 3; 508 ha) accreted 9.5 ± 0.2 cm (mean ± SD) over 4 years, but accretion varied spatially and ranged from sediment loss in borrow ditches and adjacent to an unplanned, early breach to sediment gains up to 33 cm in more sheltered regions. The mean elevation of colonizing <i>S. foliosa</i> varied by pond (F = 71.20, df = 84, P < 0.0001) and was significantly lower in Ponds 4 and 5 compared with Pond 3 which corresponded with greater tidal muting in those ponds. We estimated 16% of Pond 3, 13% of Pond 4, and 24% of Pond 5 were greater than or equal to the median elevation of <i>S. foliosa</i>. Our results suggest that sedimentation to elevations that enable vegetation colonization is feasible in large sites with sufficient sediment loads although may occur more slowly compared with smaller sites.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2012.01.012","usgsCitation":"Brand, L.A., Smith, L.M., Takekawa, J.Y., Athearn, N.D., Taylor, K., Shellenbarger, G., Schoellhamer, D., and Spenst, R., 2012, Trajectory of early tidal marsh restoration: elevation, sedimentation and colonization of breached salt ponds in the northern San Francisco Bay: Ecological Engineering, v. 42, p. 19-29, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2012.01.012.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"19","endPage":"29","numberOfPages":"11","ipdsId":"IP-027050","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293849,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Napa-sonoma Marshes Wildlife Area;San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.5228,38.117 ], [ -122.5228,38.5148 ], [ -122.0369,38.5148 ], [ -122.0369,38.117 ], [ -122.5228,38.117 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"42","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54140b2ce4b082fed288b9b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brand, L. Arriana arriana_brand@usgs.gov","contributorId":4406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brand","given":"L.","email":"arriana_brand@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Arriana","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":501032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Lacy M. 0000-0001-6733-1080 lmsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6733-1080","contributorId":4772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Lacy","email":"lmsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":501031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Athearn, Nicole D.","contributorId":71273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Athearn","given":"Nicole","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Taylor, Karen","contributorId":84671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Karen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Shellenbarger, Gregory gshellen@usgs.gov","contributorId":1133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shellenbarger","given":"Gregory","email":"gshellen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":501030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schoellhamer, David H. 0000-0001-9488-7340 dschoell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-7340","contributorId":631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoellhamer","given":"David H.","email":"dschoell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Spenst, Renee","contributorId":97435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spenst","given":"Renee","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70004987,"text":"70004987 - 2012 - Population dynamics of <i>Corbicula fluminea</i> (M&#252;ller, 1774) in mesohaline and oligohaline habitats: Invasion success in a Southern Europe estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-14T08:31:46","indexId":"70004987","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T14:57:45","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1587,"text":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population dynamics of <i>Corbicula fluminea</i> (M&#252;ller, 1774) in mesohaline and oligohaline habitats: Invasion success in a Southern Europe estuary","docAbstract":"Due to its range expansion and potential ecological effects, Corbicula fluminea is considered one of the most important non-indigenous species (NIS) in aquatic ecosystems. Its presence since 2003 in the upstream area of Mondego estuary (oligohaline and mesohaline sectors) was studied during thirteen months, from December 2007 to December 2008. Monthly mean abundance and biomass ranged from 542 to 11142 individuals m<sup>-2</sup> and 13.1&ndash;20.4 g Ash Free Dry Weight m<sup>-2</sup>, respectively. Populations of C.fluminea were composed mostly of juveniles, always present in extremely high densities compared to other estuarine ecosystems (e.g. Minho estuary) suggesting a continuous recruitment pattern. The hydraulic regime of the River Mondego favours the downstream colonization of the upper Mondego estuary by recruits produced upstream. However, salinity in these sectors of the estuary apparently neither favours growth nor the establishment of structured populations of this species. Other factors like contaminants and predation, which were not studied, could also contribute to the community structure observed.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2011.07.014","usgsCitation":"Franco, J., Ceia, F., Patricio, J., Thompson, J.K., Marques, J., and Neto, J., 2012, Population dynamics of <i>Corbicula fluminea</i> (M&#252;ller, 1774) in mesohaline and oligohaline habitats: Invasion success in a Southern Europe estuary: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, v. 112, p. 31-39, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2011.07.014.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"31","endPage":"39","costCenters":[{"id":148,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Western Region","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488094,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://zenodo.org/record/3417440","text":"External Repository"},{"id":259264,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -30.322265625000004,\n              37.996162679728116\n            ],\n            [\n              -7.207031249999999,\n              37.996162679728116\n            ],\n            [\n              -7.207031249999999,\n              49.83798245308484\n            ],\n            [\n              -30.322265625000004,\n              49.83798245308484\n            ],\n            [\n              -30.322265625000004,\n              37.996162679728116\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"112","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7d43e4b0c8380cd79e47","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Franco, J.N.","contributorId":58525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franco","given":"J.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ceia, F.R.","contributorId":55289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ceia","given":"F.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Patricio, J.","contributorId":40865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patricio","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thompson, Janet K. 0000-0002-1528-8452 jthompso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1528-8452","contributorId":1009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Janet","email":"jthompso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Marques, J.C.","contributorId":53246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marques","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Neto, J.M.","contributorId":25043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neto","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70112921,"text":"70112921 - 2012 - Peninsular terrane basement ages recorded by Paleozoic and Paleoproterozoic zircon in gabbro xenoliths and andesite from Redoubt volcano, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-30T10:02:08","indexId":"70112921","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T13:47:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Peninsular terrane basement ages recorded by Paleozoic and Paleoproterozoic zircon in gabbro xenoliths and andesite from Redoubt volcano, Alaska","docAbstract":"Historically Sactive Redoubt volcano is an Aleutian arc basalt-to-dacite cone constructed upon the Jurassic–Early Tertiary Alaska–Aleutian Range batholith. The batholith intrudes the Peninsular tectonostratigraphic terrane, which is considered to have developed on oceanic basement and to have accreted to North America, possibly in Late Jurassic time. Xenoliths in Redoubt magmas have been thought to be modern cumulate gabbros and fragments of the batholith. However, new sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP) U-Pb ages for zircon from gabbro xenoliths from a late Pleistocene pyroclastic deposit are dominated by much older, ca. 310 Ma Pennsylvanian and ca. 1865 Ma Paleoproterozoic grains. Zircon age distributions and trace-element concentrations indicate that the ca. 310 Ma zircons date gabbroic intrusive rocks, and the ca. 1865 Ma zircons also are likely from igneous rocks in or beneath Peninsular terrane basement. The trace-element data imply that four of five Cretaceous–Paleocene zircons, and Pennsylvanian low-U, low-Th zircons in one sample, grew from metamorphic or hydrothermal fluids. Textural evidence of xenocrysts and a dominant population of ca. 1865 Ma zircon in juvenile crystal-rich andesite from the same pyroclastic deposit show that this basement has been assimilated by Redoubt magma. Equilibration temperatures and oxygen fugacities indicated by Fe-Ti–oxide minerals in the gabbros and crystal-rich andesite suggest sources near the margins of the Redoubt magmatic system, most likely in the magma accumulation and storage region currently outlined by seismicity and magma petrology at ∼4–10 km below sea level. Additionally, a partially melted gabbro from the 1990 eruption contains zircon with U-Pb ages between ca. 620 Ma and ca. 1705 Ma, as well as one zircon with a U-Th disequilibrium model age of 0 ka. The zircon ages demonstrate that Pennsylvanian, and probably Paleoproterozoic, igneous rocks exist in, or possibly beneath, Peninsular terrane basement. Discovery of Pennsylvanian gabbro similar in age to Skolai arc plutons 500 km to the northeast indicates that the Peninsular terrane, along with the Wrangellia and Alexander terranes, has been part of the Wrangellia composite terrane since at least Pennsylvanian time. Moreover, the zircon data suggest that a Paleoproterozoic continental fragment may be present in the mid-to-upper crust in southern Alaska.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/B30439.1","usgsCitation":"Bacon, C.R., Vazquez, J.A., and Wooden, J., 2012, Peninsular terrane basement ages recorded by Paleozoic and Paleoproterozoic zircon in gabbro xenoliths and andesite from Redoubt volcano, Alaska: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 124, no. 1-2, p. 24-34, https://doi.org/10.1130/B30439.1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"24","endPage":"34","numberOfPages":"11","ipdsId":"IP-025393","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":288823,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288802,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/B30439.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Redoubt Volcano","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -154.792,59.774 ], [ -154.792,61.1813 ], [ -150.6941,61.1813 ], [ -150.6941,59.774 ], [ -154.792,59.774 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"124","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-09-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae77a3e4b0abf75cf2c193","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bacon, Charles R. 0000-0002-2165-5618 cbacon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2165-5618","contributorId":2909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bacon","given":"Charles","email":"cbacon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vazquez, Jorge A. 0000-0003-2754-0456 jvazquez@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2754-0456","contributorId":4458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vazquez","given":"Jorge","email":"jvazquez@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":501,"text":"Office of Science Quality and Integrity","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5056,"text":"Office of the AD Energy and Minerals, and Environmental Health","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wooden, Joseph L.","contributorId":32209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wooden","given":"Joseph L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70154913,"text":"70154913 - 2012 - Spatio-temporal variations in age structures of a partially re-established population of northern river otters (<i>Lontra canadensis</i>)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-20T11:42:52","indexId":"70154913","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T12:45:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":737,"text":"American Midland Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatio-temporal variations in age structures of a partially re-established population of northern river otters (<i>Lontra canadensis</i>)","docAbstract":"<p><span>Examination of age structures and sex ratios is useful in the management of northern river otters (</span><i>Lontra canadensis</i><span>) and other furbearers. Reintroductions and subsequent recolonizations of river otters have been well documented, but changes in demographics between expanding and established populations have not been observed. As a result of reintroduction efforts, immigration from Arkansas and northeastern Texas, and other efforts, river otters have become partially reestablished throughout eastern and central Oklahoma. Our objective was to examine age structures of river otters in Oklahoma and identify trends that relate to space (watersheds, county) and time (USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service county trapping records). We predicted that river otters in western areas of the state were younger than river otters occurring farther east. From 2005&ndash;2007, we obtained salvaged river otter carcasses from federal and state agencies, and we live-captured other river otters using leg hold traps. Seventy-two river otters were sampled. Overall, sex ratios were skewed toward females (1F∶0.8M), but they did not differ among spatiotemporal scales examined. Teeth were removed from salvaged and live-captured river otters (n  =  63) for aging. One-year old river otters represented the largest age class (30.2%). Proportion of juveniles (&lt;1&nbsp;y old) in Oklahoma (19.0%) was less than other states. Mean age of river otters decreased from east-to-west in the Arkansas River and its tributaries. Mean age of river otters differed between the Canadian River Watershed (0.8&nbsp;y) and the Arkansas River Watershed (2.9&nbsp;y) and the Canadian River Watershed and the Red River Watershed (2.4&nbsp;y). Proportion of juveniles did not differ among spatiotemporal scales examined. Similar to age structure variations in other mammalian carnivores, colonizing or growing western populations of river otters in Oklahoma contained younger ages than more established eastern populations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"University of Notre Dame","publisherLocation":"Notre Dame, IN","doi":"10.1674/0003-0031-168.2.302","usgsCitation":"Barrett, D.A., and Leslie, D., 2012, Spatio-temporal variations in age structures of a partially re-established population of northern river otters (<i>Lontra canadensis</i>): American Midland Naturalist, v. 168, no. 2, p. 302-314, https://doi.org/10.1674/0003-0031-168.2.302.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"302","endPage":"314","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-030103","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305832,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"168","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55ae1bafe4b066a249242285","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barrett, Dominic A.","contributorId":145721,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barrett","given":"Dominic","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":7249,"text":"Oklahoma State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leslie, David M. Jr. cleslie@usgs.gov","contributorId":145497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leslie","given":"David M.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"cleslie@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":564343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70118554,"text":"70118554 - 2012 - Molecular dynamics simulation of nitric oxide in myoglobin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-29T11:41:30","indexId":"70118554","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T11:35:50","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2423,"text":"Journal of Physical Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Molecular dynamics simulation of nitric oxide in myoglobin","docAbstract":"The infrared (IR) spectroscopy and ligand migration of photodissociated nitric oxide (NO) in and around the active sites in myoglobin (Mb) are investigated. A distributed multipolar model for open-shell systems is developed and used, which allows one to realistically describe the charge distribution around the diatomic probe molecule. The IR spectra were computed from the trajectories for two conformational substates at various temperatures. The lines are narrow (width of 3–7 cm<sup>–1</sup> at 20–100 K), in agreement with the experimental observations where they have widths of 4–5 cm<sup>–1</sup> at 4 K. It is found that within one conformational substate (B or C) the splitting of the spectrum can be correctly described compared with recent experiments. Similar to photodissociated CO in Mb, additional substates exist for NO in Mb, which are separated by barriers below 1 kcal/mol. Contrary to full quantum mechanical calculations, however, the force field and mixed QM/MM simulations do not correctly describe the relative shifts between the B- and C-states relative to gas-phase NO. Free energy simulations establish that NO preferably localizes in the distal site and the barrier for migration to the neighboring Xe4 pocket is Δ<i>G</i><sub>B→C</sub> = 1.7–2.0 kcal/mol. The reverse barrier is Δ<i>G</i><sub>B←C</sub> = 0.7 kcal/mol, which agrees well with the experimental value of 0.7 kcal/mol, estimated from kinetic data.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Physical Chemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","publisherLocation":"Easton, PA","doi":"10.1021/jp212112f","usgsCitation":"Lee, M.W., and Meuwly, M., 2012, Molecular dynamics simulation of nitric oxide in myoglobin: Journal of Physical Chemistry, v. 116, no. 14, p. 4154-4162, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp212112f.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"4154","endPage":"4162","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":291291,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":291289,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp212112f"}],"volume":"116","issue":"14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-03-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f556e4b0bc0bec0a15ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, Myung Won","contributorId":58950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Myung","email":"","middleInitial":"Won","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meuwly, Markus","contributorId":79408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meuwly","given":"Markus","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70124288,"text":"70124288 - 2012 - Fire-driven alien invasion in a fire-adapted ecosystem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-11T11:31:13","indexId":"70124288","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T11:28:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fire-driven alien invasion in a fire-adapted ecosystem","docAbstract":"Disturbance plays a key role in many alien plant invasions. However, often the main driver of invasion is not disturbance per se but alterations in the disturbance regime. In some fire-adapted shrublands, the community is highly resilient to infrequent, high-intensity fires, but changes in the fire regime that result in shorter fire intervals may make these communities more susceptible to alien plant invasions. This study examines several wildfire events that resulted in short fire intervals in California chaparral shrublands. In one study, we compared postfire recovery patterns in sites with different prefire stand ages (3 and 24 years), and in another study we compared sites that had burned once in four years with sites that had burned twice in this period. The population size of the dominant native shrub <i>Adenostoma fasciculatum</i> was drastically reduced following fire in the 3-year sites relative to the 24-year sites. The 3-year sites had much greater alien plant cover and significantly lower plant diversity than the 24-year sites. In a separate study, repeat fires four years apart on the same sites showed that annual species increased significantly after the second fire, and alien annuals far outnumbered native annuals. Aliens included both annual grasses and annual forbs and were negatively correlated with woody plant cover. Native woody species regenerated well after the first fire but declined after the second fire, and one obligate seeding shrub was extirpated from two sites by the repeat fires. It is concluded that some fire-adapted shrublands are vulnerable to changes in fire regime, and this can lead to a loss of native diversity and put the community on a trajectory towards type conversion from a woody to an herbaceous system. Such changes result in alterations in the proportion of natives to non-natives, changes in functional types from deeply rooted shrubs to shallow rooted grasses and forbs, increased fire frequency due to the increase in fine fuels, and changes in carbon storage.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Oecologia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00442-012-2253-8","usgsCitation":"Keeley, J.E., and Brennan, T.J., 2012, Fire-driven alien invasion in a fire-adapted ecosystem: Oecologia, v. 169, no. 4, p. 1043-1052, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-012-2253-8.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1043","endPage":"1052","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-030130","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293694,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293666,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-012-2253-8"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Diego County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.5959,32.5342 ], [ -117.5959,33.505 ], [ -116.0809,33.505 ], [ -116.0809,32.5342 ], [ -117.5959,32.5342 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"169","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-01-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5412b9a9e4b0239f1986ba75","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keeley, Jon E. 0000-0002-4564-6521 jon_keeley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":1268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon","email":"jon_keeley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":500653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brennan, Teresa J. 0000-0002-0646-3298 tjbrennan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0646-3298","contributorId":4323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brennan","given":"Teresa","email":"tjbrennan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":500654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}