The Snow Camp-Saxapahaw study area, in the Carolina slate belt in the Southeastern United States, is notable for large zones of high-sulfidation alteration in arc-related metavolcanic rocks. The area has potential for additional significant pyrophyllite and related aluminosilicate refractory mineral deposits and may have potential for small- to medium-size gold deposits also associated with the high-sulfidation hydrothermal systems. The Carolina slate belt is an elongate zone of mostly low-grade metamorphic rocks of Neoproterozoic to early Paleozoic age that extends from northeastern Georgia to southern Virginia. It is dominated by volcanic rocks but locally consists of fine-grained epiclastic sedimentary rocks. Plutons and subvolcanic bodies have intruded the rocks of the Carolina slate belt in many places and have been important in controlling the metamorphism and in localizing hydrothermal alteration. The Snow Camp-Saxapahaw area is mostly underlain by volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks and lesser amounts of intrusive shallow plutons. The volcanic rocks range in composition from basalt to rhyolite; however andesites, dacites, and rhyodacites are the most abundant. The intrusive bodies are largely granite and quartz monzonite; gabbroic bodies also are common. It was possible to establish the relative ages of only part of these rocks. Two northeast-trending fault zones and fractures divide the map area into three structural blocks; the central block was tilted down to the southwest to form a grabenlike structure. Most of the hydrothermally altered rocks and all of the intensely altered zones are confined to the downdropped block, which we think may have been calderalike in origin. A major volcanic unit, the Reedy Branch Tuff, is limited to the southwestern part of the graben and may be the youngest volcanic rock in the area. Layered rocks record one or more strong folding events, but the diversity of rock types, lack of recognizable stratigraphic markers, and uneven distribution of outcrops prevented comprehensive structural studies. Except for a few late plutons and dikes, all of the rocks of the area have been metamorphosed in middle to upper greenschist facies, and contact aureoles were recognized around some of the plutons. Several relatively small bodies of granitic rock contain plagioclase grains in which primary oscillatory zoning was unaffected by metamorphism. These were interpreted to be post-metamorphic. We think that there were three separate stages of hydrothermal alteration in the complex volcanic terrane in the area. The oldest, an area of at least 8.5 square miles (22 square kilometers), was subjected to an intense hydrothermal alteration, ranging from peripheral zones of quartz-sericite-paragonite through a patchy marginal zone of pyrophyllite, andalusite, and other high-alumina minerals, to almost totally silicified core zones. The second event resulted in large areas of weak to moderate sericitic and propylitic alteration recognizable only in the Reedy Branch Tuff. The last event was related to post-metamorphic plutons. All of the pyrophyllite-andalusite deposits and perhaps most of the gold and silver mineralization can be related to the first period of hydrothermal alteration. The subsequent metamorphism did not produce significant changes in mineral species in the zones of most intense hydrothermal alteration. Gold- and silver-bearing sulfide minerals in fracture zones along the southeastern margin of the graben may also have been deposited during this earliest alteration stage. No metallic mineralization appears to have occurred during the second event. A group of molybdenum-bearing greisenlike bodies formed during the emplacement of the youngest plutons during the post-metamorphic event. One gold-bearing sulfide zone occurs in the exocontact of one such porphyritic stock.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061259","usgsCitation":"Schmidt, R.G., Gumiel, P., and Payas, A., 2006, Geology and mineral deposits of the Snow Camp-Saxapahaw area, central North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1259, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061259.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":192600,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9212,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1259/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":398767,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_80583.htm"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Snow Camp-Saxapahaw area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -79.4647,\n 35.8069\n ],\n [\n -79.28,\n 35.8069\n ],\n [\n -79.28,\n 35.9486\n ],\n [\n -79.4647,\n 35.9486\n ],\n [\n -79.4647,\n 35.8069\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db68646e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmidt, Robert G.","contributorId":19243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gumiel, Pablo","contributorId":78803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gumiel","given":"Pablo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Payas, Alba","contributorId":8553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Payas","given":"Alba","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":79585,"text":"ofr20061151 - 2006 - Environmental Setting of the Morgan Creek Basin, Maryland, 2002-04","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:12","indexId":"ofr20061151","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1151","title":"Environmental Setting of the Morgan Creek Basin, Maryland, 2002-04","docAbstract":"The Morgan Creek Basin is a 31-square-kilometer watershed in Kent County, Maryland on the Delmarva Peninsula. The Delmarva Peninsula covers about 15,500 square kilometers and includes most of the State of Delaware and parts of Maryland and Virginia east of the Chesapeake Bay. The Morgan Creek Basin is one of five sites selected for the study of sources, transport, and fate by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program's: Agricultural Chemicals: Sources, Transport and Fate study team (Agricultural Chemicals Team, ACT). A key component of the study is identifying the natural factors and human influences affecting water quality in the Morgan Creek Basin. \r\n The Morgan Creek Basin is in the Coastal Plain Physiographic Province, which is a nearly level seaward-sloping lowland with areas of moderate topographic relief. The study area lies within a well-drained upland region with permeable and porous soils and aquifer sediments. The soils are well suited to most field crops.\r\n Agriculture is the principal land use in the Morgan Creek Basin, as well as throughout the entire Delmarva Peninsula. Most agricultural land is used for row crops such as corn, soybeans, and small grains, and slightly less land is used for pasture and hay production involving alfalfa, clover, and various perennial grasses. There are several animal operations in the study area. Farm management practices include fertilizer and herbicide applications, different tillage practices, addition of lime, forested riparian buffers, grassed waterways, and sediment retention ponds. Irrigation in the study area is minimal.\r\n The climate of the Morgan Creek Basin is humid and subtropical, with an average annual precipitation of 1.12 meters. Overall annual precipitation is evenly distributed throughout the year, from 76 to 101 millimeters per month; however, the spring and summer (March - September) tend to be slightly wetter than the autumn and winter (October - February). Anomalously high precipitation can occur in summer/early autumn due to occasional hurricanes and tropical storms. Thunderstorms can also produce relatively high localized precipitation over the Morgan Creek Basin during the summer months.\r\n Mean daily streamflows for Morgan Creek are highly variable, and somewhat flashy due to the relatively small area of the basin. The long-term median base flow for Morgan Creek is 59 percent of total flow, indicating that total streamflow is most often dominated by a sustained ground-water contribution. Surface runoff accounts for the other 41 percent of the water in total streamflow and dominates during and just after precipitation events. \r\n The surficial aquifer in the study area consists of permeable quartz-rich sand and gravel and is underlain by less permeable marine sand, silt, and clay. The depth to water table ranges from less than 0.4 meters below land surface in the floodplain to 12 meters below land surface in upland areas. Ground water generally flows from uplands toward the Morgan Creek floodplain at a variety of depths and time scales. Because the soils and sediments are permeable and porous, some fraction of chemicals applied to the land surface tend to move downward to the water table where they are transported to discharge areas near Morgan Creek.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061151","usgsCitation":"Hancock, T.C., and Brayton, M.J., 2006, Environmental Setting of the Morgan Creek Basin, Maryland, 2002-04: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1151, vi, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061151.","productDescription":"vi, 28 p.","numberOfPages":"34","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":190761,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9204,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1151/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db60257e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hancock, Tracy Connell","contributorId":62295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hancock","given":"Tracy","email":"","middleInitial":"Connell","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brayton, Michael J. mbrayton@usgs.gov","contributorId":2993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brayton","given":"Michael","email":"mbrayton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":79586,"text":"ofr20061271 - 2006 - Descriptions and preliminary report on sediment cores from the southwest coastal area, Part II: Collected July 2005, Everglades National Park, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-15T15:30:46.408855","indexId":"ofr20061271","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1271","displayTitle":"Descriptions and Preliminary Report on Sediment Cores from the Southwest Coastal Area, Part II: Collected July 2005, Everglades National Park, Florida","title":"Descriptions and preliminary report on sediment cores from the southwest coastal area, Part II: Collected July 2005, Everglades National Park, Florida","docAbstract":"Twelve cores were collected from six sites in the southwest coastal area of Everglades National Park, Florida, in July 2005. These six sites create transects up three river systems that are part of the complex network of channels and bays that form the mangrove and coastal glades – Lostmans River system, Harney River system, and Shark River system. The three transects are linked to two cores collected in 2004 from Big Lostmans Bay and Tarpon Bay. A preliminary model of changes in flow through the southwest coastal zone is proposed based on an examination of the sediments and an initial assessment of key indicator species of mollusks within the cores. Throughout the time period recorded by deposition of these cores, flow to the southwest coastal area has been predominantly through the Shark River channels, diminishing to the north toward the Lostmans River system. The Lostmans system was less influenced by freshwater flow and more emergent than the two systems to the south. Freshwater flow has periodically reached the mouths of the Harney and Shark River systems, but these areas have persistently been zones of mixed estuarine environments, typical of transition zones. Evidence for a substantial change in the flow regime is found in the mid-system cores from the Harney and Shark Rivers. The lower portions of both cores were deposited in freshwater environments, with no indication of estuarine influence; however, a shift towards more estuarine conditions occurs in the upper portions of the cores and a loss of the larger freshwater fauna. These results are preliminary. The next step will be to develop age models and to conduct quantitative analyses of the fauna, flora, and sediment geochemistry at these sites. Results of the quantitative analyses will provide information on the natural and anthropogenic changes that have occurred in the southwest coastal system that will allow resource managers to set targets for restoration.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061271","usgsCitation":"Descriptions and Preliminary Report on Sediment Cores from the Southwest Coastal Area, Part II: Collected July 2005, Everglades National Park, Florida; 2006; OFR; 2006-1271; Wingard, G. Lynn; Budet, Carlos A.; Ortiz, Ruth E.; Hudley, Joel; Murray, James B.","productDescription":"33 p.","numberOfPages":"33","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":362547,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/preview/ofr20051360","text":"Open-File Report 2005-1360","linkHelpText":"- Descriptions and Preliminary Report on Sediment Cores from the Southwest Coastal Area, Everglades National Park, Florida"},{"id":362546,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1271/ofr20061271.pdf","text":"Report","size":"67.5","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2006-1271"},{"id":191455,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1271/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Everglades National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.31089678655033,\n 25.805615345913836\n ],\n [\n -81.31089678655033,\n 25.120280550494044\n ],\n [\n -80.43083859375446,\n 25.120280550494044\n ],\n [\n -80.43083859375446,\n 25.805615345913836\n ],\n [\n -81.31089678655033,\n 25.805615345913836\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
600 4th Street South
St. Petersburg, FL 33701
The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Forestry, Fire, and State Lands, collected bathymetric data for the north part of Great Salt Lake during the spring and early summer of 2006 using a single-beam, high-definition fathometer and real-time differential global positioning system. About 5.2 million depth measurements were collected along more than 765 miles (1,230 kilometers) of survey transects. Sound-velocity profiles were obtained in conjunction with the bathymetric data to provide time-of-travel corrections to the depth calculations. Data were processed with commercial hydrographic software and exported into geographic information system (GIS) software for mapping and calculation of area and volume. Area and volume calculations show a maximum area of about 385,000 acres (1,560 square kilometers) and a maximum volume of about 5,693,000 acre-feet (about 7 cubic kilometers) at a water-surface altitude of 4,200 feet (1,280 meters). Minimum natural water-surface altitude of the north part of Great Salt Lake is just below 4,167 feet (1,270 meters) in the area just north of the Union Pacific railroad causeway halfway between Saline and the western edge of the lake. The north part of Great Salt Lake generally grades gradually to the west and north and is bounded by steep scarps along its eastern border. Calculations for area and volume are based on a low altitude of 4,167 feet (1,270 meters) to a high altitude of 4,200 feet (1,280 meters).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061359","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Forestry, Fire, and State Lands","usgsCitation":"Baskin, R.L., 2006, Calculation of area and volume for the north part of Great Salt Lake, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1359, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061359.","productDescription":"6 p.","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":191386,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":334872,"rank":4,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sim2954","text":"Scientific Investigations Map 2954: Bathymetric map of the north part of Great Salt Lake, Utah, 2006","linkHelpText":"Scientific Investigations Map 2954: Bathymetric map of the north part of Great Salt Lake, Utah, 2006"},{"id":9161,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1359/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":334871,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1359/PDF/ofr2006-1359.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Great Salt Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.1139,\n 41.19889\n ],\n [\n -113.1139,\n 41.76667\n ],\n [\n -112.4717,\n 41.76667\n ],\n [\n -112.4717,\n 41.19889\n ],\n [\n -113.1139,\n 41.19889\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f96a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baskin, Robert L. 0000-0002-2175-8502 rbaskin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2175-8502","contributorId":360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baskin","given":"Robert","email":"rbaskin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":79545,"text":"ofr20061397 - 2006 - Map showing features and displacements of the Scenic Drive landslide, La Honda, California, during the period March 31, 2005–November 5, 2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-02T20:10:52.433431","indexId":"ofr20061397","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1397","title":"Map showing features and displacements of the Scenic Drive landslide, La Honda, California, during the period March 31, 2005–November 5, 2006","docAbstract":"The Scenic Drive landslide in La Honda, San Mateo County, California began movement during the El Niño winter of 1997-98. Recurrent motion occurred during the mild El Niño winter of 2004-2005 and again during the winter of 2005-06. This report documents the changing geometry and motion of the Scenic Drive landslide in 2005-2006, and it documents changes and persistent features that we interpret to reflect underlying structural control of the landslide. We have also compared the displacement history to near-real time rainfall history at a continuously recording gauge for the period October 2004-November 2006.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061397","usgsCitation":"Wells, R., Rymer, M.J., Prentice, C.S., and Wheeler, K.L., 2006, Map showing features and displacements of the Scenic Drive landslide, La Honda, California, during the period March 31, 2005–November 5, 2006 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1397, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061397.","productDescription":"HTML Document","temporalStart":"2005-03-31","temporalEnd":"2006-11-05","costCenters":[{"id":647,"text":"Western Earth Surface Processes","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192546,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9103,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1397/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":110694,"rank":700,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_78841.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"78841"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"LaHonda","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.27,37.31 ], [ -122.27,37.32 ], [ -122.26,37.32 ], [ -122.26,37.31 ], [ -122.27,37.31 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a93e4b07f02db6587c6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wells, Ray E. 0000-0002-7796-0160 rwells@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7796-0160","contributorId":2692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"Ray E.","email":"rwells@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":290194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rymer, Michael J. mrymer@usgs.gov","contributorId":1522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rymer","given":"Michael","email":"mrymer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Prentice, Carol S. 0000-0003-3732-3551 cprentice@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3732-3551","contributorId":2676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prentice","given":"Carol","email":"cprentice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wheeler, Karen L. kwheeler@usgs.gov","contributorId":3404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wheeler","given":"Karen","email":"kwheeler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":290195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":79540,"text":"ofr20061343 - 2006 - Preliminary Assessment of Landslides Along the Florida River Downstream from Lemon Reservoir, La Plata County, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:37","indexId":"ofr20061343","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1343","title":"Preliminary Assessment of Landslides Along the Florida River Downstream from Lemon Reservoir, La Plata County, Colorado","docAbstract":"Nearly two-dozen shallow landslides were active during spring 2005 on a hillside located along the east side of the Florida River about one kilometer downstream from Lemon Reservoir in La Plata County, southwestern Colorado. Landslides on the hillside directly threaten human safety, residential structures, a county roadway, utilities, and the Florida River, and indirectly threaten downstream areas and Lemon Dam. Most of the area where the landslides occurred was burned during the 2002 Missionary Ridge wildfire. We performed geologic mapping, subsurface exploration and sampling, radiocarbon dating, and shallow ground-water and ground-displacement monitoring to assess landslide activity. Active landslides during spring 2005 were as large as 35,000 m3 and confined to colluvium. Debris flows were mobilized from most of the landslides, were as large as 1,500 m3, and traveled as far as 250 m. Landslide activity was triggered by elevated ground-water pressures within the colluvium caused by infiltration of snowmelt. Landslide activity ceased as ground-water pressures dropped during the summer. Shallow landslides on the hillside appear to be much more likely following the Missionary Ridge fire because of the loss of tree root strength and evapotranspiration. We used monitoring data and observations to develop preliminary, approximate rainfall/snowmelt thresholds above which shallow landslide activity can be expected. Landslides triggered during spring 2005 occurred within a 1.97 x 107 m3 older landslide that extends, on average, about 40 m into bedrock. The south end of this older landslide appears to have experienced deep secondary landsliding. Radiocarbon dating of sediments at the head of the older landslide suggests that the landslide was active about 1,424-1,696 years ago. A relatively widespread wildfire may have preceded the older landslide, and the landslide may have occurred during a wetter time. The wetter climate and effects of the wildfire would likely have resulted in increased ground-water pressures, which may have triggered the older landslide. This landslide appears to have crossed the valley floor and been subsequently eroded from this area. We found no evidence that landslide debris across the valley floor formed an impoundment of the Florida River, although it is very likely. Erosion of buttressing landslide debris from the valley floor and the lower strength of the landslide basal shear zone relative to pre-slide strength created less stable conditions than were present prior to occurrence of the landslide. However, deep ground-water conditions largely control the stability of the slope and are unknown here; hence, the potential for future deep landsliding is unknown. Additional investigation could be undertaken to further characterize landslide hazards in the area. This investigation could include episodic surveying of monuments we installed across the older landslide, obtaining detailed topographic data and aerial photography, mapping landslide debris and lacustrine deposits related to the potential former landslide dam, mapping secondary landslides, obtaining additional ages of landslide activity, constructing deep boreholes and ground-water monitoring wells, laboratory testing of soil and rock strength and hydraulic properties, and ground-water and slope-stability modeling.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061343","usgsCitation":"Schulz, W.H., Coe, J.A., Ellis, W., and Kibler, J.D., 2006, Preliminary Assessment of Landslides Along the Florida River Downstream from Lemon Reservoir, La Plata County, Colorado (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1343, v, 29 p.; 1 plate, map with cross sections; GIS data, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061343.","productDescription":"v, 29 p.; 1 plate, map with cross sections; GIS data","numberOfPages":"34","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":193313,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9095,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1343/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"2770","projection":"Lambert Conformal Conic projection","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e791","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schulz, William H.","contributorId":91927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schulz","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coe, Jeffrey A. 0000-0002-0842-9608 jcoe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0842-9608","contributorId":1333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coe","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jcoe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ellis, William L.","contributorId":89128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"William L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kibler, John D.","contributorId":14523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kibler","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":79537,"text":"ofr20061319 - 2006 - Flood of April 2-3, 2005, Neversink River Basin, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:23","indexId":"ofr20061319","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1319","title":"Flood of April 2-3, 2005, Neversink River Basin, New York","docAbstract":"Heavy rain on April 2-3, 2005 produced rainfall amounts of 3 inches to almost 6 inches within a 36-hour period throughout the Delaware River basin. Major flooding occurred in the East and West Branches of the Delaware River and their tributaries, the main stem of the Delaware River and the Neversink River, a major tributary to the Delaware River. The resultant flooding damaged hundreds of homes, caused millions of dollars in damage to infrastructure in Orange and Sullivan Counties, and forced more than 1,000 residents to evacuate their homes. A total of 20 New York counties were declared Federal disaster areas. Some of the most extensive flooding occurred along the Neversink and Delaware Rivers in Orange and Sullivan Counties, New York. Disaster recovery assistance from the April 2005 flooding in New York stood at almost $35 million in 2005, at which time more than 3,400 New Yorkers had registered for Federal aid. All U.S. Geological Survey stream-gaging stations on the Neversink River below the Neversink Reservoir recorded peak water-surface elevations higher than those recorded during the September 2004 flooding. Peak water-surface elevations at some study sites on the Neversink River exceeded the 500-year flood elevation as documented in flood-insurance studies by the Federal Emergency Management Agency. Flood peaks at some long-term U.S. Geological Survey stream-gaging stations were the highest ever recorded. Several U.S. Geological Survey stream-gaging stations on the Delaware River also recorded peak water-surface elevations that exceeded those recorded during the September 2004 flooding.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061319","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Federal Emergency Management Agency","usgsCitation":"Suro, T.P., and Firda, G.D., 2006, Flood of April 2-3, 2005, Neversink River Basin, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1319, v, 98 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061319.","productDescription":"v, 98 p.","numberOfPages":"103","temporalStart":"2005-04-02","temporalEnd":"2005-04-03","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194464,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9088,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1319/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48b6e4b07f02db534025","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Suro, Thomas P. 0000-0002-9476-6829 tsuro@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9476-6829","contributorId":2841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Suro","given":"Thomas","email":"tsuro@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Firda, Gary D. gfirda@usgs.gov","contributorId":1552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Firda","given":"Gary","email":"gfirda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":290172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":79538,"text":"ofr20061375 - 2006 - Mineral Facilities of Latin America and Canada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:22","indexId":"ofr20061375","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1375","title":"Mineral Facilities of Latin America and Canada","docAbstract":"This data set consists of records for over 900 mineral facilities in Latin America and Canada. The mineral facilities include mines, plants, smelters, or refineries of aluminum, cement, coal, copper, diamond, gold, iron and steel, nickel, platinum-group metals, salt, and silver, among others. Records include attributes such as commodity, country, location, company name, facility type and capacity if applicable, and generalized coordinates. The data were compiled from multiple sources, including the 2003 and 2004 USGS Minerals Yearbooks (Latin America and Candada volume), data to be published in the 2005 Minerals Yearbook Latin America and Canada Volume, minerals statistics and information from the USGS minerals information Web site (minerals.usgs.gov/minerals), and data collected by USGS minerals information country specialists. Data reflect the most recent published table of industry structure for each country. Other sources include statistical publications of individual countries, annual reports and press releases of operating companies,and trade journals. Due to the sensitivity of some energy commodity data, the quality of these data should be evaluated on a country-by-country basis. Additional information and explanation is available from the country specialists.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061375","usgsCitation":"Bernstein, R., Eros, M., and Quintana-Velazquez, M., 2006, Mineral Facilities of Latin America and Canada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1375, map, 42 by 60 inches; data set, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061375.","productDescription":"map, 42 by 60 inches; data set","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2003-01-01","temporalEnd":"2005-12-31","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":194618,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9244,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1375/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"6000000","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db63578c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bernstein, Rachel","contributorId":45580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bernstein","given":"Rachel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eros, Mike","contributorId":39243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eros","given":"Mike","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Quintana-Velazquez, Meliany","contributorId":9526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quintana-Velazquez","given":"Meliany","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":79530,"text":"ofr20061393 - 2006 - A Reconnaissance for Emerging Contaminants in the South Branch Potomac River, Cacapon River, and Williams River Basins, West Virginia, April-October 2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:24","indexId":"ofr20061393","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1393","title":"A Reconnaissance for Emerging Contaminants in the South Branch Potomac River, Cacapon River, and Williams River Basins, West Virginia, April-October 2004","docAbstract":"In 2003 a team of scientists from West Virginia Division of Natural Resources and the U. S. Geological Survey found a high incidence of an intersex condition, oocytes in the testes, among smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) in the South Branch Potomac River and the Cacapon River of West Virginia, indicating the possible presence of endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs). Possible sources of EDCs include municipal and domestic wastewater, and agricultural and industrial activities. Several sampling strategies were used to identify emerging contaminants, including potential EDCs, and their possible sources in these river basins and at an out-of-basin reference site. Passive water-sampling devices, which accumulate in-stream organic chemical compounds, were deployed for 40-41 days at 8 sampling sites. Sampler extracts were analyzed for a broad range of polar and non-polar organic compounds including pesticides, flame retardants, pharmaceuticals, and personal-care products. Analysis of passive-sampler extracts found 4 compounds; hexachloro-benzene; pentachloroanisole; 2,2',4,4',5-penta-bromo-diphenyl ether (BDE 47); and 2,2',4,4',6-penta-bromo-diphenyl ether (BDE 99) to be present at every sampled site, including the reference site, and several sites had detectable quantities of other compounds. No detectable quantity of any antibiotics was found in any passive-sampler extract. Effluent samples were analyzed for 39 antibiotics as tracers of human and agricultural waste. Additionally, poultry-processing plant effluent was sampled for roxarsone, an organoarsenic compound used as a poultry-feed additive, and other arsenic species as tracers of poultry waste. Antibiotics were detected in municipal wastewater, aquaculture, and poultry-processing effluent, with the highest number of antibiotics and the greatest concentrations found in municipal effluent. Arsenate was the only arsenic species detected in the poultry-processing plant effluent, at a concentration of 1.0 ?g/L. Water samples were collected from 7 stream sites and analyzed for arsenic species, including roxarsone. Arsenate was detected in samples from 6 of the 7 stream samples, in concentrations ranging from 0.3 to 0.5 ?g/L. Additionally, the analysis of smallmouth bass blood plasma for potential EDCs indicated the presence of several compounds including some found in the passive sampler extracts, specifically BDE 47 and BDE 99. Data from this reconnaissance will help to focus efforts for further studies of the occurrence of emerging contaminants, EDCs, and intersex in smallmouth bass in these Potomac River tributaries.\r\n\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061393","collaboration":"In cooperation with the West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection, Division of Water and Waste Management and the West Virginia Division of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Chambers, D., and Leiker, T.J., 2006, A Reconnaissance for Emerging Contaminants in the South Branch Potomac River, Cacapon River, and Williams River Basins, West Virginia, April-October 2004: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1393, v, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061393.","productDescription":"v, 23 p.","numberOfPages":"28","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2004-04-01","temporalEnd":"2004-10-31","costCenters":[{"id":642,"text":"West Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194686,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9084,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1393/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -83,37 ], [ -83,40 ], [ -80,40 ], [ -80,37 ], [ -83,37 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4965e4b0b290850ef1ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chambers, Douglas B. 0000-0002-5275-5427 dbchambe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5275-5427","contributorId":2520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chambers","given":"Douglas B.","email":"dbchambe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":642,"text":"West Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leiker, Thomas J.","contributorId":47805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leiker","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":79523,"text":"ofr20051082 - 2006 - Ground-Water Levels in Huron County, Michigan, 2004-05","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":79523,"text":"ofr20051082 - 2006 - Ground-Water Levels in Huron County, Michigan, 2004-05","indexId":"ofr20051082","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"title":"Ground-Water Levels in Huron County, Michigan, 2004-05"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":81295,"text":"ofr20051082B - 2006 - Ground-water levels in Huron County, Michigan, 2004-05","indexId":"ofr20051082B","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"chapter":"B","title":"Ground-water levels in Huron County, Michigan, 2004-05"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":81295,"text":"ofr20051082B - 2006 - Ground-water levels in Huron County, Michigan, 2004-05","indexId":"ofr20051082B","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"title":"Ground-water levels in Huron County, Michigan, 2004-05"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-06T13:28:27","indexId":"ofr20051082","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1082","title":"Ground-Water Levels in Huron County, Michigan, 2004-05","docAbstract":"In 1990, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) completed a study of the hydrogeology of Huron County, Michigan (Sweat, 1991). In 1993, Huron County and the USGS entered into a continuing agreement to measure water levels at selected wells throughout Huron County. As part of the agreement, USGS has operated four continuous water-level recorders, installed from 1988 to 1991 on wells in Bingham, Fairhaven, Grant, and Lake Townships (fig. 1) and summarized the data collected in an annual or bi-annual report. The agreement was altered in 2003, and beginning January 1, 2004, only the wells in Fairhaven and Lake Townships retained continuous waterlevel recorders, while the wells in Grant and Bingham Townships reverted primarily to periodic or quarterly measurement status. USGS also has provided training for County or Huron Conservation District personnel to measure the water level, on a quarterly basis, in 25 wells. USGS personnel regularly accompany County or Huron Conservation District personnel to provide a quality assurance/quality control check of all measurements being made. Water-level data collected from the 25 periodically or quarterly-measured wells is summarized in an annual or bi-annual report. In 1998, the USGS also completed a temporal and spatial analysis of the monitoring well network in Huron County (Holtschlag and Sweat, 1998).
The altitude of Lake Huron and precipitation are good indicators of general climatic conditions and, therefore, provide an environmental context for ground-water levels in Huron County. Figure 2 shows the mean-monthly water-level altitude of Lake Huron, averaged from measurements made by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers at sites near Essexville or Harbor Beach, or both (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2003-05), and monthly precipitation measured in Bad Axe (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2003-05). In March 2003, a new low-water level for the period from 1991 through 2005 was measured in Lake Huron. There was almost no net change in the water level of Lake Huron from January 2004 through December 2005. In 2004, annual precipitation measured in Port Hope was about 3.7 inches above normal, but precipitation measured in Bad Axe was about 1.4 inches below normal. About 14.5 inches of precipitation was measured in Bad Axe during the 2004 summer growing season (May through August), which is about the same as was measured in Port Hope during the same period. Provisional precipitation totals for 2005 were 30.7 inches for January through November in Port Hope, and about 31.7 inches for the year in Bad Axe. About 10.6 inches of precipitation was measured in Bad Axe during the 2005 summer growing season, which is about 0.2 inches more than was recorded at Port Hope during the same period.
Two wells equipped with continuous-data recorders are completed in the Saginaw and Marshall aquifers in Fairhaven and Lake Townships, respectively. From January 2004 through December 2005, the net rise in the water level in the Fairhaven Township well was 0.71 ft, and the net rise in the Lake Township well was 0.98 ft. The Fairhaven Township well is drilled adjacent to Saginaw Bay (Lake Huron), and, as previously noted, there was almost no net change in the water level in Saginaw Bay over the same period. Hydrographs showing water levels are presented for the two wells equipped with continuous-data recorders. Continuous-data recorders were discontinued in the Grant and Bingham Township wells at the end of 2003 due to budget constraints. The decision of which two wells to discontinue was based on an analysis of the intrinsic value to Huron County of data from each well. The Grant Township well was selected for periodic or quarterly measurement at that time because it is completed in the glacial aquifer, which is little used for drinking water purposes or absent in much of Huron County. The Bingham Township well, which is completed in the Marshall aquifer, was selected for periodic or quarterly measurement because water levels in the well are often perturbed as a result of pumpage from nearby production wells and do not reflect baseline conditions within the aquifer.
Twenty five wells were measured on a periodic or quarterly basis in 2004-05. These wells are completed in the glacial, Saginaw, and Marshall aquifers, and the Coldwater confining unit. Although each quarterly measurement only provides a “snapshot” water level (measured in feet below land surface), the data adequately define the generalized water-level trend in the aquifer near the well. Water levels in 15 quarterlymeasured wells had a net rise ranging from 0.20 to 1.31 ft for the period from January 2004 to December 2005, while water levels in 10 of the wells had a net decline ranging from 0.07 to 0.99 ft over the same period (fig. 3; table 1). Period-of-record (the time period when water levels have been measured by U.S. Geological Survey or their cooperators) minimum depths to water (high-water levels) were measured in March 2004 in two quarterly-measured wells completed in the Marshall aquifer in Lake and Hume Townships. Period-of-record maximum depths to water were measured in September 2005 in three wells completed in the Marshall aquifer near Bad Axe. Water levels in those three wells recovered about 3 to 5 ft between September and December 2005. No period-of-record minimum or maximum depths to water were measured for the period from January 2004 through December 2005 in wells completed in either the glacial and Saginaw aquifers, or the Coldwater confining unit. Hydrographs showing water levels measured in each well are presented for the 25 wells measured on a quarterly basis.
Water-level trends measured for the period from January 2004 through December 2005 in other wells in Lower Michigan have similarities to those measured in Huron County wells. Several external factors influence water-level trends including proximity to nearby production wells, amount and timing of precipitation events, evapotranspiration and type of prevalent ground cover, proximity of aquifer to the surface, and hydraulic characteristics of overlying geologic materials.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051082","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Huron County, Michigan","usgsCitation":"Weaver, T.L., Crowley, S.L., and Blumer, S.P., 2006, Ground-Water Levels in Huron County, Michigan, 2004-05: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1082, iv, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051082.","productDescription":"iv, 16 p.","temporalStart":"2004-01-01","temporalEnd":"2005-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194617,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20051082.JPG"},{"id":9079,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1082/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","county":"Huron 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T. L.","contributorId":24339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weaver","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crowley, S. L.","contributorId":77614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crowley","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blumer, S. P.","contributorId":23938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blumer","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":79519,"text":"ofr20051306 - 2006 - Continuous resistivity profiling data from the upper Neuse River Estuary, North Carolina, 2004-2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-04T19:16:44.746441","indexId":"ofr20051306","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1306","title":"Continuous resistivity profiling data from the upper Neuse River Estuary, North Carolina, 2004-2005","docAbstract":"The Neuse River Estuary in North Carolina has suffered impacts of eutrophication in recent years. As part of a larger project to better constrain nutrient budgets in the estuary, field investigations were performed to study occurrence and discharge of fresh and brackish ground water and nutrients beneath the estuary itself (fig. 1). A Continuous Resistivity Profiling (CRP) system (Manheim and others, 2004) was used to map the depth of the freshwater-saltwater interface (FSI) in sub-estuarine groundwater. This study area serves as a typological representation of a submarine groundwater environment characteristic of a shallow estuary in a wide coastal plain that has not experienced glaciation. Similar settings extend from New Jersey to Georgia, and along the Gulf of Mexico in the U.S. This report archives 29 lines of data collected during 2004 and 2005 surveys representing almost 210 km of survey lines. These data are further explained in the Data Processing section of the report and previews available of the processed data are available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051306","usgsCitation":"Cross, V.A., Bratton, J.F., Bergeron, E., Meunier, J.K., Crusius, J., and Koopmans, D., 2006, Continuous resistivity profiling data from the upper Neuse River Estuary, North Carolina, 2004-2005: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1306, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051306.","productDescription":"HTML Document","temporalStart":"2004-01-01","temporalEnd":"2005-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194681,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20051306.png"},{"id":9074,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1306/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":407874,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_78801.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Neuse River","geographicExtents":"{\"crs\": {\"type\": \"name\", \"properties\": {\"name\": \"urn:ogc:def:crs:OGC:1.3:CRS84\"}}, \"geometry\": {\"type\": \"MultiPolygon\", \"coordinates\": [[[[-76.71133973195622, 34.97024152121188], [-76.72913164154619, 34.96317708652167], [-76.73173819350723, 34.968024358589496], [-76.71216270936696, 34.97394491956021], [-76.71133973195622, 34.97024152121188]]], [[[-76.97428101469212, 35.05871159286782], [-76.95740997777172, 35.05665414934099], [-76.93848149732429, 35.078051562020555], [-76.93477809897585, 35.063649457332374], [-76.94547680531564, 35.04842437523347], [-76.93354363285975, 35.03525673666142], [-76.90473942348343, 35.02908440608075], [-76.87552372540159, 35.00604103857967], [-76.86235608682955, 35.001514662820455], [-76.81009702124669, 34.967772588979514], [-76.80968553254127, 34.962834724515], [-76.76874955978852, 34.95338796157209], [-76.76958719585565, 34.94853848960479], [-76.81091999865747, 34.95789686005046], [-76.81174297606822, 34.94226028924629], [-76.85001142566826, 34.93485349254944], [-76.8631790642403, 34.944317732773136], [-76.8928062510275, 34.9480211311215], [-76.90103602513501, 34.959954303577305], [-76.93477809897585, 34.97229896473873], [-76.97757292433515, 35.0019261515258], [-76.98786014196946, 35.03690269148291], [-77.02736305768576, 35.08710431353892], [-77.0294205012126, 35.10438683916482], [-77.0360043204987, 35.11179363586147], [-77.03312389956103, 35.123315319612054], [-77.02900901250727, 35.12578425184437], [-76.98786014196946, 35.06899881050236], [-76.97428101469212, 35.05871159286782]]]]}, \"properties\": {\"extentType\": \"Custom\", \"code\": \"\", \"name\": \"\", \"notes\": \"\", \"promotedForReuse\": false, \"abbreviation\": \"\", \"shortName\": \"\", \"description\": \"\"}, \"bbox\": [-77.0360043204987, 34.93485349254944, -76.71133973195622, 35.12578425184437], \"type\": \"Feature\", \"id\": \"3091875\"}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af3e4b07f02db691994","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cross, VeeAnn A.","contributorId":103311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cross","given":"VeeAnn","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bratton, John F. 0000-0003-0376-4981 jbratton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0376-4981","contributorId":92757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bratton","given":"John","email":"jbratton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bergeron, Emile M. ebergeron@usgs.gov","contributorId":3449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergeron","given":"Emile M.","email":"ebergeron@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":290124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Meunier, Jeff K.","contributorId":29753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meunier","given":"Jeff","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Crusius, John 0000-0003-2554-0831 jcrusius@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2554-0831","contributorId":2155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crusius","given":"John","email":"jcrusius@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Koopmans, Dirk","contributorId":33647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koopmans","given":"Dirk","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":79504,"text":"ofr20061374 - 2006 - Selected Natural Attenuation Monitoring Data, Operable Unit 1, Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Division Keyport, Washington, June 2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:22","indexId":"ofr20061374","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1374","title":"Selected Natural Attenuation Monitoring Data, Operable Unit 1, Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Division Keyport, Washington, June 2005","docAbstract":"Previous investigations have shown that natural attenuation and biodegradation of chlorinated volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are substantial in shallow ground water beneath the 9-acre former landfill at Operable Unit 1 (OU-1), Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Division Keyport, Washington. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has continued to monitor ground-water geochemistry to assure that conditions remain favorable for contaminant biodegradation. This report presents the ground-water geochemical and selected VOC data collected at OU-1 by the USGS during June 21-24, 2005, in support of long-term monitoring for natural attenuation.\r\n\r\nFor June 2005, the strongly reducing conditions (sulfate reduction and methanogenesis) most favorable for reductive dechlorination of chlorinated VOCs were detected in fewer upper-aquifer wells than were detected during 2004. Redox conditions in ground water from the intermediate aquifer just downgradient of the landfill remained somewhat favorable for reductive dechlorination. Overall, the changes in redox conditions observed at individual wells have not been consistent or substantial throughout either the upper or the intermediate aquifers.\r\n\r\nIn apparent contrast to changes in redox conditions, the chlorinated VOC concentrations were lower than previously measured in many of the piezometers in the northern phytoremediation plantation. The decrease in contaminant concentrations beneath the northern plantation and the end-product (ethane and ethene) evidence for reductive dechlorination are consistent with 2000-04 results.\r\n\r\nIn the southern phytoremediation plantation, changes in chlorinated VOC concentrations were variable. Most notable was a substantial decrease in the sum of trichloroethene, cis-1,2-dichloroethene, and vinyl chloride concentrations at piezometer P1-9 from 75,000 to 1,000 micrograms per liter between 2004 and 2005. The high concentrations of the reductive dechlorination end-products ethane and ethene measured at the most contaminated sites (P1-6 and P1-7), as well as measurable concentrations at sites P1-9 and P1-10, are reliable evidence that reductive dechlorination of chlorinated VOCs is ongoing in the southern plantation.\r\n\r\nIn the 10 passive-diffusion samplers deployed beneath the marsh stream, the highest chlorinated VOC concentrations measured were at a site (S-4) about midway along the sampled stream reach. In 2005, the sum of trichloroethene, cis-1,2-dichloroethene, and vinyl chloride concentrations increased nearly twofold in comparison to 2004. It is not certain that the apparent increase in concentrations is representative of site conditions. However, the chlorinated VOC concentrations have increased each time at the two most contaminated passive-diffusion sampler sites that have been sampled for multiple years. In the marsh stream, chlorinated VOC concentrations in surface water were low at the site (SW-S6) near the upgradient margin of the former landfill. Concentrations in the stream increased substantially after flowing past the southern phytoremediation plantation to the downstream site (MA-12).\r\n\r\nOverall, the 2005 data were consistent with previous findings of continued biodegradation of chlorinated VOCs in ground water, along with continued discharge of some chlorinated VOCs to surface water in the marsh stream.\r\n\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061374","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Department of the Navy, Naval Facilities Engineering Command, Northwest","usgsCitation":"Dinicola, R., and Huffman, R., 2006, Selected Natural Attenuation Monitoring Data, Operable Unit 1, Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Division Keyport, Washington, June 2005: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1374, iv, 28 p.; 2 figs.; 3 tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061374.","productDescription":"iv, 28 p.; 2 figs.; 3 tables","numberOfPages":"32","temporalStart":"2005-06-21","temporalEnd":"2005-06-24","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190718,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9061,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1374/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fa7dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dinicola, Richard S. 0000-0003-4222-294X dinicola@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4222-294X","contributorId":352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dinicola","given":"Richard S.","email":"dinicola@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Huffman, R.L.","contributorId":44956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huffman","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}