{"pageNumber":"1811","pageRowStart":"45250","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":70034586,"text":"70034586 - 2011 - Landscape drivers of regional variation in the relationship between total phosphorus and chlorophyll in lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-15T16:19:25","indexId":"70034586","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1696,"text":"Freshwater Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landscape drivers of regional variation in the relationship between total phosphorus and chlorophyll in lakes","docAbstract":"<p>1. For north temperate lakes, the well-studied empirical relationship between phosphorus (as measured by total phosphorus, TP), the most commonly limiting nutrient and algal biomass (as measured by chlorophyll<span>&nbsp;</span><i>a</i>, CHL) has been found to vary across a wide range of landscape settings. Variation in the parameters of these TP–CHL regressions has been attributed to such lake variables as nitrogen/phosphorus ratios, organic carbon and alkalinity, all of which are strongly related to catchment characteristics (e.g. natural land cover and human land use). Although this suggests that landscape setting can help to explain much of the variation in ecoregional TP–CHL regression parameters, few studies have attempted to quantify relationships at an ecoregional spatial scale.</p><p>2. We tested the hypothesis that lake algal biomass and its predicted response to changes in phosphorus are related to both local-scale features (e.g. lake and catchment) and ecoregional-scale features, all of which affect the availability and transport of covarying solutes such as nitrogen, organic carbon and alkalinity. Specifically, we expected that land use and cover, acting at both local and ecoregional scales, would partially explain the spatial pattern in parameters of the TP–CHL regression.</p><p>3. We used a multilevel modelling framework and data from 2105 inland lakes spanning 35 ecoregions in six US states to test our hypothesis and identify specific local and ecoregional features that explain spatial heterogeneity in TP–CHL relationships. We include variables such as lake depth, natural land cover (for instance, wetland cover in the catchment of lakes and in the ecoregions) and human land use (for instance, agricultural land use in the catchment of lakes and in the ecoregions).</p><p>4. There was substantial heterogeneity in TP–CHL relationships across the 35 ecoregions. At the local scale, CHL was negatively and positively related to lake mean depth and percentage of wooded wetlands in the catchment, respectively. At the ecoregional scale, the slope parameter was positively related to the percentage of pasture in an ecoregion, indicating that CHL tends to respond more rapidly to changes in TP where there are high levels of agricultural pasture than where there is little. The intercept (i.e. the ecoregion-average CHL) was negatively related to the percentage of wooded wetlands in the ecoregion.</p><p>5. By explicitly accounting for the hierarchical nature of lake–landscape interactions, we quantified the effects of landscape characteristics on the response of CHL to TP at two spatial scales. We provide new insight into ecoregional drivers of the rate at which algal biomass responds to changes in nutrient concentrations. Our results also indicate that the direction and magnitude of the effects of certain land use and cover characteristics on lake nutrient dynamics may be scale dependent and thus likely to represent different underlying mechanisms regulating lake productivity.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2427.2011.02621.x","issn":"00465070","usgsCitation":"Wagner, T., Soranno, P.A., Webster, K.E., and Cheruvelil, K.S., 2011, Landscape drivers of regional variation in the relationship between total phosphorus and chlorophyll in lakes: Freshwater Biology, v. 56, no. 9, p. 1811-1824, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2011.02621.x.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1811","endPage":"1824","numberOfPages":"14","ipdsId":"IP-018387","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487795,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2011.02621.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":243785,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215948,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2011.02621.x"}],"volume":"56","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a440ce4b0c8380cd667f0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wagner, Tyler 0000-0003-1726-016X twagner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1726-016X","contributorId":1050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"Tyler","email":"twagner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":446518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Soranno, Patricia A.","contributorId":172104,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Soranno","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Webster, Katherine E.","contributorId":147903,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Webster","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cheruvelil, Kendra Spence","contributorId":150607,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cheruvelil","given":"Kendra","email":"","middleInitial":"Spence","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":446519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70034585,"text":"70034585 - 2011 - A probabilistic seismic risk assessment procedure for nuclear power plants: (II) Application","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:43","indexId":"70034585","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"A probabilistic seismic risk assessment procedure for nuclear power plants: (II) Application","docAbstract":"This paper presents the procedures and results of intensity- and time-based seismic risk assessments of a sample nuclear power plant (NPP) to demonstrate the risk-assessment methodology proposed in its companion paper. The intensity-based assessments include three sets of sensitivity studies to identify the impact of the following factors on the seismic vulnerability of the sample NPP, namely: (1) the description of fragility curves for primary and secondary components of NPPs, (2) the number of simulations of NPP response required for risk assessment, and (3) the correlation in responses between NPP components. The time-based assessment is performed as a series of intensity-based assessments. The studies illustrate the utility of the response-based fragility curves and the inclusion of the correlation in the responses of NPP components directly in the risk computation. ?? 2011 Published by Elsevier B.V.","largerWorkTitle":"Nuclear Engineering and Design","language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.nucengdes.2011.06.050","issn":"00295493","usgsCitation":"Huang, Y., Whittaker, A., and Luco, N., 2011, A probabilistic seismic risk assessment procedure for nuclear power plants: (II) Application, <i>in</i> Nuclear Engineering and Design, v. 241, no. 9, p. 3985-3995, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2011.06.050.","startPage":"3985","endPage":"3995","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215947,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2011.06.050"},{"id":243784,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"241","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e508e4b0c8380cd46aa0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huang, Y.-N.","contributorId":98860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huang","given":"Y.-N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whittaker, A.S.","contributorId":8596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whittaker","given":"A.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Luco, N.","contributorId":34240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luco","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70034514,"text":"70034514 - 2011 - Responses of ecosystem carbon cycling to climate change treatments along an elevation gradient","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-10T16:51:37","indexId":"70034514","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1478,"text":"Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Responses of ecosystem carbon cycling to climate change treatments along an elevation gradient","docAbstract":"Global temperature increases and precipitation changes are both expected to alter ecosystem carbon (C) cycling. We tested responses of ecosystem C cycling to simulated climate change using field manipulations of temperature and precipitation across a range of grass-dominated ecosystems along an elevation gradient in northern Arizona. In 2002, we transplanted intact plant–soil mesocosms to simulate warming and used passive interceptors and collectors to manipulate precipitation. We measured daytime ecosystem respiration (ER) and net ecosystem C exchange throughout the growing season in 2008 and 2009. Warming generally stimulated ER and photosynthesis, but had variable effects on daytime net C exchange. Increased precipitation stimulated ecosystem C cycling only in the driest ecosystem at the lowest elevation, whereas decreased precipitation showed no effects on ecosystem C cycling across all ecosystems. No significant interaction between temperature and precipitation treatments was observed. Structural equation modeling revealed that in the wetter-than-average year of 2008, changes in ecosystem C cycling were more strongly affected by warming-induced reduction in soil moisture than by altered precipitation. In contrast, during the drier year of 2009, warming induced increase in soil temperature rather than changes in soil moisture determined ecosystem C cycling. Our findings suggest that warming exerted the strongest influence on ecosystem C cycling in both years, by modulating soil moisture in the wet year and soil temperature in the dry year.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecosystems","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s10021-011-9464-4","issn":"14329840","usgsCitation":"Wu, Z., Koch, G.W., Dijkstra, P., Bowker, M.A., and Hungate, B.A., 2011, Responses of ecosystem carbon cycling to climate change treatments along an elevation gradient: Ecosystems, v. 14, no. 7, p. 1066-1080, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-011-9464-4.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1066","endPage":"1080","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":215857,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10021-011-9464-4"},{"id":243688,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.8166,31.3322 ], [ -114.8166,37.0043 ], [ -109.0452,37.0043 ], [ -109.0452,31.3322 ], [ -114.8166,31.3322 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"14","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-07-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaa96e4b0c8380cd863fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wu, Zhuoting 0000-0001-7393-1832 zwu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7393-1832","contributorId":4953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wu","given":"Zhuoting","email":"zwu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":498,"text":"Office of Land Remote Sensing (Geography)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":446156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Koch, George W.","contributorId":7522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koch","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dijkstra, Paul","contributorId":28823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dijkstra","given":"Paul","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bowker, Matthew A. mbowker@usgs.gov","contributorId":2875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowker","given":"Matthew","email":"mbowker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":446155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hungate, Bruce A.","contributorId":100639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hungate","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70034515,"text":"70034515 - 2011 - Large shift in source of fine sediment in the upper Mississippi River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-20T12:12:30.228932","indexId":"70034515","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Large shift in source of fine sediment in the upper Mississippi River","docAbstract":"<p><span>Although sediment is a natural constituent of rivers, excess loading to rivers and streams is a leading cause of impairment and biodiversity loss. Remedial actions require identification of the sources and mechanisms of sediment supply. This task is complicated by the scale and complexity of large watersheds as well as changes in climate and land use that alter the drivers of sediment supply. Previous studies in Lake Pepin, a natural lake on the Mississippi River, indicate that sediment supply to the lake has increased 10-fold over the past 150 years. Herein we combine geochemical fingerprinting and a suite of geomorphic change detection techniques with a sediment mass balance for a tributary watershed to demonstrate that, although the sediment loading remains very large, the dominant source of sediment has shifted from agricultural soil erosion to accelerated erosion of stream banks and bluffs, driven by increased river discharge. Such hydrologic amplification of natural erosion processes calls for a new approach to watershed sediment modeling that explicitly accounts for channel and floodplain dynamics that amplify or dampen landscape processes. Further, this finding illustrates a new challenge in remediating nonpoint sediment pollution and indicates that management efforts must expand from soil erosion to factors contributing to increased water runoff.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es2019109","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Belmont, P., Gran, K., Schottler, S., Wilcock, P., Day, S., Jennings, C., Lauer, J., Viparelli, E., Willenbring, J., Engstrom, D., and Parker, G., 2011, Large shift in source of fine sediment in the upper Mississippi River: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 45, no. 20, p. 8804-8810, https://doi.org/10.1021/es2019109.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"8804","endPage":"8810","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243689,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"20","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-09-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4485e4b0c8380cd66b90","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Belmont, P.","contributorId":67322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belmont","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gran, K.B.","contributorId":44688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gran","given":"K.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schottler, S.P.","contributorId":20491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schottler","given":"S.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wilcock, P.R.","contributorId":36709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilcock","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Day, S.S.","contributorId":42805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"S.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jennings, C.","contributorId":78536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jennings","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lauer, J.W.","contributorId":104303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lauer","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Viparelli, E.","contributorId":97344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Viparelli","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Willenbring, J.K.","contributorId":107960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willenbring","given":"J.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Engstrom, D.R.","contributorId":88496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engstrom","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Parker, G.","contributorId":31112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70034575,"text":"70034575 - 2011 - Nutrient sources and transport in the Missouri River Basin, with emphasis on the effects of irrigation and reservoirs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-26T12:52:31","indexId":"70034575","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nutrient sources and transport in the Missouri River Basin, with emphasis on the effects of irrigation and reservoirs","docAbstract":"SPAtially Referenced Regressions On Watershed attributes (SPARROW) models were used to relate instream nutrient loads to sources and factors influencing the transport of nutrients in the Missouri River Basin. Agricultural inputs from fertilizer and manure were the largest nutrient sources throughout a large part of the basin, although atmospheric and urban inputs were important sources in some areas. Sediment mobilized from stream channels was a source of phosphorus in medium and larger streams. Irrigation on agricultural land was estimated to decrease the nitrogen load reaching the Mississippi River by as much as 17%, likely as a result of increased anoxia and denitrification in the soil zone. Approximately 16% of the nitrogen load and 33% of the phosphorus load that would have otherwise reached the Mississippi River was retained in reservoirs and lakes throughout the basin. Nearly half of the total attenuation occurred in the eight largest water bodies. Unlike the other major tributary basins, nearly the entire instream nutrient load leaving the outlet of the Platte and Kansas River subbasins reached the Mississippi River. Most of the larger reservoirs and lakes in the Platte River subbasin are upstream of the major sources, whereas in the Kansas River subbasin, most of the source inputs are in the southeast part of the subbasin where characteristics of the area and proximity to the Missouri River facilitate delivery of nutrients to the Mississippi River.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00584.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Brown, J., Sprague, L., and Dupree, J., 2011, Nutrient sources and transport in the Missouri River Basin, with emphasis on the effects of irrigation and reservoirs: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 47, no. 5, p. 1034-1060, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00584.x.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"1034","endPage":"1060","costCenters":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475402,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3307633","text":"External Repository"},{"id":215775,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00584.x"},{"id":243600,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States;Canada","otherGeospatial":"Missouri River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.05,36.0 ], [ -116.05,50.0 ], [ -89.1,50.0 ], [ -89.1,36.0 ], [ -116.05,36.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"47","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6941e4b0c8380cd73c27","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, J.B.","contributorId":91307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sprague, L.A.","contributorId":101712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sprague","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dupree, J.A.","contributorId":29236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dupree","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70034572,"text":"70034572 - 2011 - Portrait of a small population of boreal toads (anaxyrus boreas)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-16T17:26:38.842512","indexId":"70034572","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1892,"text":"Herpetologica","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Portrait of a small population of boreal toads (anaxyrus boreas)","docAbstract":"<p><span>Much attention has been given to the conservation of small populations, those that are small because of decline, and those that are naturally small. Small populations are of particular interest because ecological theory suggests that they are vulnerable to the deleterious effects of environmental, demographic, and genetic stochasticity as well as natural and human-induced catastrophes. However, testing theory and developing applicable conservation measures for small populations is hampered by sparse data. This lack of information is frequently driven by computational issues with small data sets that can be confounded by the impacts of stressors. We present estimates of demographic parameters from a small population of Boreal Toads (</span><span class=\"genus-species\">Anaxyrus boreas</span><span>) that has been surveyed since 2001 by using capture–recapture methods. Estimates of annual adult survival probability are high relative to other Boreal Toad populations, whereas estimates of recruitment rate are low. Despite using simple models, clear patterns emerged from the analyses, suggesting that population size is constrained by low recruitment of adults and is declining slowly. These patterns provide insights that are useful in developing management directions for this small population, and this study serves as an example of the potential for small populations to yield robust and useful information despite sample size constraints.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.1655/HERPETOLOGICA-D-11-00016.1","issn":"00180831","usgsCitation":"Muths, E., and Scherer, R.D., 2011, Portrait of a small population of boreal toads (anaxyrus boreas): Herpetologica, v. 67, no. 4, p. 369-377, https://doi.org/10.1655/HERPETOLOGICA-D-11-00016.1.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"369","endPage":"377","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243567,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215744,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1655/HERPETOLOGICA-D-11-00016.1"}],"volume":"67","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7e00e4b0c8380cd7a2a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muths, E.","contributorId":6394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muths","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scherer, R. D.","contributorId":8061,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scherer","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6674,"text":"Department of Integrative Biology, University of Colorado Denver","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":446450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70034448,"text":"70034448 - 2011 - Integration of Palmer Drought Severity Index and remote sensing data to simulate wetland water surface from 1910 to 2009 in Cottonwood Lake area, North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T10:53:22","indexId":"70034448","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integration of Palmer Drought Severity Index and remote sensing data to simulate wetland water surface from 1910 to 2009 in Cottonwood Lake area, North Dakota","docAbstract":"<p><span>Spatiotemporal variations of wetland water in the Prairie Pothole Region are controlled by many factors; two of them are temperature and precipitation that form the basis of the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI). Taking the 196</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>km</span><sup>2</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>Cottonwood Lake area in North Dakota as our pilot study site, we integrated PDSI, Landsat images, and aerial photography records to simulate monthly water surface. First, we developed a new Wetland Water Area Index (WWAI) from PDSI to predict water surface area. Second, we developed a water allocation model to simulate the spatial distribution of water bodies at a resolution of 30</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>m. Third, we used an additional procedure to model the small wetlands (less than 0.8</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>ha) that could not be detected by Landsat. Our results showed that i) WWAI was highly correlated with water area with an R</span><sup>2</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>of 0.90, resulting in a simple regression prediction of monthly water area to capture the intra- and inter-annual water change from 1910 to 2009; ii) the spatial distribution of water bodies modeled from our approach agreed well with the water locations visually identified from the aerial photography records; and iii) the R</span><sup>2</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>between our modeled water bodies (including both large and small wetlands) and those from aerial photography records could be up to 0.83 with a mean average error of 0.64</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>km</span><sup>2</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>within the study area where the modeled wetland water areas ranged from about 2 to 14</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>km</span><sup>2</sup><span>. These results indicate that our approach holds great potential to simulate major changes in wetland water surface for ecosystem service; however, our products could capture neither the short-term water change caused by intensive rainstorm events nor the wetland change caused by human activities.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2011.08.002","issn":"00344257","usgsCitation":"Huang, S., Dahal, D., Young, C., Chander, G., and Liu, S., 2011, Integration of Palmer Drought Severity Index and remote sensing data to simulate wetland water surface from 1910 to 2009 in Cottonwood Lake area, North Dakota: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 115, no. 12, p. 3377-3389, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2011.08.002.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"3377","endPage":"3389","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":216832,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2011.08.002"},{"id":244727,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Cottonwood Lake","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -104.05,45.9351 ], [ -104.05,49.0007 ], [ -96.5545,49.0007 ], [ -96.5545,45.9351 ], [ -104.05,45.9351 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"115","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3c88e4b0c8380cd62dff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huang, Shengli shuang@usgs.gov","contributorId":1926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huang","given":"Shengli","email":"shuang@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":445835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dahal, Devendra 0000-0001-9594-1249 ddahal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9594-1249","contributorId":5622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dahal","given":"Devendra","email":"ddahal@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":445834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Young, Claudia 0000-0002-0859-7206 claudia.young.ctr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0859-7206","contributorId":191382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"Claudia","email":"claudia.young.ctr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":445836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chander, Gyanesh gchander@usgs.gov","contributorId":3013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chander","given":"Gyanesh","email":"gchander@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":445837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Liu, Shuguang 0000-0002-6027-3479 sliu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6027-3479","contributorId":147403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Shuguang","email":"sliu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":445838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70034570,"text":"70034570 - 2011 - Epithermal gold-silver deposits of the hauraki goldfield, new zealand: An introduction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:40","indexId":"70034570","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Epithermal gold-silver deposits of the hauraki goldfield, new zealand: An introduction","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Economic Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2113/econgeo.106.6.915","issn":"03610128","usgsCitation":"John, D., 2011, Epithermal gold-silver deposits of the hauraki goldfield, new zealand: An introduction: Economic Geology, v. 106, no. 6, p. 915-919, https://doi.org/10.2113/econgeo.106.6.915.","startPage":"915","endPage":"919","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215717,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2113/econgeo.106.6.915"},{"id":243539,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"106","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0a19e4b0c8380cd521d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"John, D. A.","contributorId":43748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"John","given":"D. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70034569,"text":"70034569 - 2011 - Assessing historical rate changes in global tsunami occurrence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-09T11:55:14","indexId":"70034569","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing historical rate changes in global tsunami occurrence","docAbstract":"The global catalogue of tsunami events is examined to determine if transient variations in tsunami rates are consistent with a Poisson process commonly assumed for tsunami hazard assessments. The primary data analyzed are tsunamis with maximum sizes >1m. The record of these tsunamis appears to be complete since approximately 1890. A secondary data set of tsunamis >0.1m is also analyzed that appears to be complete since approximately 1960. Various kernel density estimates used to determine the rate distribution with time indicate a prominent rate change in global tsunamis during the mid-1990s. Less prominent rate changes occur in the early- and mid-20th century. To determine whether these rate fluctuations are anomalous, the distribution of annual event numbers for the tsunami catalogue is compared to Poisson and negative binomial distributions, the latter of which includes the effects of temporal clustering. Compared to a Poisson distribution, the negative binomial distribution model provides a consistent fit to tsunami event numbers for the >1m data set, but the Poisson null hypothesis cannot be falsified for the shorter duration >0.1m data set. Temporal clustering of tsunami sources is also indicated by the distribution of interevent times for both data sets. Tsunami event clusters consist only of two to four events, in contrast to protracted sequences of earthquakes that make up foreshock-main shock-aftershock sequences. From past studies of seismicity, it is likely that there is a physical triggering mechanism responsible for events within the tsunami source 'mini-clusters'. In conclusion, prominent transient rate increases in the occurrence of global tsunamis appear to be caused by temporal grouping of geographically distinct mini-clusters, in addition to the random preferential location of global M >7 earthquakes along offshore fault zones.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Journal International","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","publisherLocation":"Oxford, U.K.","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-246X.2011.05160.x","issn":"0956540X","usgsCitation":"Geist, E., and Parsons, T., 2011, Assessing historical rate changes in global tsunami occurrence: Geophysical Journal International, v. 187, no. 1, p. 497-509, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2011.05160.x.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"497","endPage":"509","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":215716,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2011.05160.x"},{"id":243538,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"187","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059edd7e4b0c8380cd49a42","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Geist, E.L. 0000-0003-0611-1150","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0611-1150","contributorId":71993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geist","given":"E.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Parsons, T.","contributorId":48288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parsons","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70034567,"text":"70034567 - 2011 - &delta;<sup>15</sup>N constraints on long-term nitrogen balances in temperate forests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-20T09:45:16","indexId":"70034567","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"&delta;<sup>15</sup>N constraints on long-term nitrogen balances in temperate forests","docAbstract":"Biogeochemical theory emphasizes nitrogen (N) limitation and the many factors that can restrict N accumulation in temperate forests, yet lacks a working model of conditions that can promote naturally high N accumulation. We used a dynamic simulation model of ecosystem N and δ<sup>15</sup>N to evaluate which combination of N input and loss pathways could produce a range of high ecosystem N contents characteristic of forests in the Oregon Coast Range. Total ecosystem N at nine study sites ranged from 8,788 to 22,667 kg ha<sup>−1</sup> and carbon (C) ranged from 188 to 460 Mg ha<sup>−1</sup>, with highest values near the coast. Ecosystem δ<sup>15</sup>N displayed a curvilinear relationship with ecosystem N content, and largely reflected mineral soil, which accounted for 96–98% of total ecosystem N. Model simulations of ecosystem N balances parameterized with field rates of N leaching required long-term average N inputs that exceed atmospheric deposition and asymbiotic and epiphytic N<sub>2</sub>-fixation, and that were consistent with cycles of post-fire N<sub>2</sub>-fixation by early-successional red alder. Soil water δ<sup>15</sup>NO<sub>3</sub> − patterns suggested a shift in relative N losses from denitrification to nitrate leaching as N accumulated, and simulations identified nitrate leaching as the primary N loss pathway that constrains maximum N accumulation. Whereas current theory emphasizes constraints on biological N<sub>2</sub>-fixation and disturbance-mediated N losses as factors that limit N accumulation in temperate forests, our results suggest that wildfire can foster substantial long-term N accumulation in ecosystems that are colonized by symbiotic N<sub>2</sub>-fixing vegetation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Oecologia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s00442-011-2016-y","usgsCitation":"Perakis, S., Sinkhorn, E., and Compton, J., 2011, &delta;<sup>15</sup>N constraints on long-term nitrogen balances in temperate forests: Oecologia, v. 167, no. 3, p. 793-807, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-011-2016-y.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"793","endPage":"807","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243508,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215687,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-011-2016-y"}],"volume":"167","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e275e4b0c8380cd45bdc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Perakis, S.S.","contributorId":82039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perakis","given":"S.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sinkhorn, E.R.","contributorId":15428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sinkhorn","given":"E.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Compton, J.E.","contributorId":57430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Compton","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70034562,"text":"70034562 - 2011 - A trans-dimensional Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm for model assessment using frequency-domain electromagnetic data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-16T19:14:44.011528","indexId":"70034562","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A trans-dimensional Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm for model assessment using frequency-domain electromagnetic data","docAbstract":"<p><span>A meaningful interpretation of geophysical measurements requires an assessment of the space of models that are consistent with the data, rather than just a single, ‘best’ model which does not convey information about parameter uncertainty. For this purpose, a trans-dimensional Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm is developed for assessing frequency-domain electromagnetic (FDEM) data acquired from airborne or ground-based systems. By sampling the distribution of models that are consistent with measured data and any prior knowledge, valuable inferences can be made about parameter values such as the likely depth to an interface, the distribution of possible resistivity values as a function of depth and non-unique relationships between parameters. The trans-dimensional aspect of the algorithm allows the number of layers to be a free parameter that is controlled by the data, where models with fewer layers are inherently favoured, which provides a natural measure of parsimony and a significant degree of flexibility in parametrization. The MCMC algorithm is used with synthetic examples to illustrate how the distribution of acceptable models is affected by the choice of prior information, the system geometry and configuration and the uncertainty in the measured system elevation. An airborne FDEM data set that was acquired for the purpose of hydrogeological characterization is also studied. The results compare favourably with traditional least-squares analysis, borehole resistivity and lithology logs from the site, and also provide new information about parameter uncertainty necessary for model assessment.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-246X.2011.05165.x","issn":"0956540X","usgsCitation":"Minsley, B., 2011, A trans-dimensional Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm for model assessment using frequency-domain electromagnetic data: Geophysical Journal International, v. 187, no. 1, p. 252-272, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2011.05165.x.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"252","endPage":"272","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243407,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215593,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2011.05165.x"}],"volume":"187","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e604e4b0c8380cd470d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Minsley, B. J.","contributorId":52107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minsley","given":"B. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70034561,"text":"70034561 - 2011 - Species replacement by a nonnative salmonid alters ecosystem function by reducing prey subsidies that support riparian spiders","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-16T19:26:49.124184","indexId":"70034561","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Species replacement by a nonnative salmonid alters ecosystem function by reducing prey subsidies that support riparian spiders","docAbstract":"<p><span>Replacement of a native species by a nonnative can have strong effects on ecosystem function, such as altering nutrient cycling or disturbance frequency. Replacements may cause shifts in ecosystem function because nonnatives establish at different biomass, or because they differ from native species in traits like foraging behavior. However, no studies have compared effects of wholesale replacement of a native by a nonnative species on subsidies that support consumers in adjacent habitats, nor quantified the magnitude of these effects. We examined whether streams invaded by nonnative brook trout (</span><i>Salvelinus fontinalis</i><span>) in two regions of the Rocky Mountains, USA, produced fewer emerging adult aquatic insects compared to paired streams with native cutthroat trout (</span><i>Oncorhynchus clarkii</i><span>), and whether riparian spiders that depend on these prey were less abundant along streams with lower total insect emergence. As predicted, emergence density was 36% lower from streams with the nonnative fish. Biomass of brook trout was higher than the cutthroat trout they replaced, but even after accounting for this difference, emergence was 24% lower from brook trout streams. More riparian spiders were counted along streams with greater total emergence across the water surface. Based on these results, we predicted that brook trout replacement would result in 6–20% fewer spiders in the two regions. When brook trout replace cutthroat trout, they reduce cross-habitat resource subsidies and alter ecosystem function in stream-riparian food webs, not only owing to increased biomass but also because traits apparently differ from native cutthroat trout.</span></p>","largerWorkTitle":"Oecologia","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Link","doi":"10.1007/s00442-011-2000-6","issn":"00298549","usgsCitation":"Benjamin, J., Fausch, K., and Baxter, C.V., 2011, Species replacement by a nonnative salmonid alters ecosystem function by reducing prey subsidies that support riparian spiders: Oecologia, v. 167, no. 2, p. 503-512, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-011-2000-6.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"503","endPage":"512","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243406,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215592,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-011-2000-6"}],"volume":"167","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b950be4b08c986b31ad0a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benjamin, J.R.","contributorId":58490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benjamin","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fausch, K.D. 0000-0001-5825-7560","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5825-7560","contributorId":84097,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fausch","given":"K.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baxter, C. V.","contributorId":62853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baxter","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":38154,"text":"Idaho State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":446410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70034558,"text":"70034558 - 2011 - Migration and wintering sites of Pelagic Cormorants determined by satellite telemetry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-03T15:03:11.272195","indexId":"70034558","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2284,"text":"Journal of Field Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Migration and wintering sites of Pelagic Cormorants determined by satellite telemetry","docAbstract":"<p><span>Factors affecting winter survival may be key determinants of status and population trends of seabirds, but connections between breeding sites and wintering areas of most populations are poorly known. Pelagic Cormorants (</span><i>Phalacrocorax pelagicus; N</i><span>= 6) surgically implanted with satellite transmitters migrated from a breeding colony on Middleton Island, northern Gulf of Alaska, to wintering sites in southeast Alaska and northern British Columbia. Winter locations averaged 920 km (range = 600–1190 km) from the breeding site. Migration flights in fall and spring lasted ≤5 d in four instances. After reaching wintering areas, cormorants settled in narrowly circumscribed inshore locations (∼10‐km radius) and remained there throughout the nonbreeding period (September– March). Two juveniles tagged at the breeding colony as fledglings remained at their wintering sites for the duration of the tracking interval (14 and 22 mo, respectively). Most cormorants used multiple sites within their winter ranges for roosting and foraging. Band recoveries show that Pelagic Cormorants in southern British Columbia and Washington disperse locally in winter, rather than migrating like the cormorants in our study. Radio‐tagging and monitoring cormorants and other seabirds from known breeding sites are vital for understanding migratory connectivity and improving conservation strategies for local populations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1557-9263.2011.00330.x","usgsCitation":"Hatch, S.A., Gill, V., and Mulcahy, D., 2011, Migration and wintering sites of Pelagic Cormorants determined by satellite telemetry: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 82, no. 3, p. 269-278, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1557-9263.2011.00330.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"269","endPage":"278","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438832,"rank":1,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9Y5PQY3","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Tracking data for Pelagic cormorants (Phalacrocorax pelagicus)"},{"id":438831,"rank":1,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P902U2RO","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Tracking data for Red-faced cormorants (Phalacrocorax urile)"},{"id":243845,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska, British Columbia","otherGeospatial":"Middleton Island","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -146.3993453979492,\n              59.39721924965303\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.26647949218747,\n              59.39721924965303\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.26647949218747,\n              59.47333762375535\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.3993453979492,\n              59.47333762375535\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.3993453979492,\n              59.39721924965303\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -132.82470703125,\n              51.56341232867588\n            ],\n            [\n              -127.33154296875,\n              51.56341232867588\n            ],\n            [\n              -127.33154296875,\n              54.95238569063361\n            ],\n            [\n              -132.82470703125,\n              54.95238569063361\n            ],\n            [\n              -132.82470703125,\n              51.56341232867588\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -137.8125,\n              55.60317816902704\n            ],\n            [\n              -131.30859375,\n              55.60317816902704\n            ],\n            [\n              -131.30859375,\n              58.75680543225761\n            ],\n            [\n              -137.8125,\n              58.75680543225761\n            ],\n            [\n              -137.8125,\n              55.60317816902704\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"82","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a56fbe4b0c8380cd6d986","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hatch, Scott A. 0000-0002-0064-8187 shatch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-8187","contributorId":2625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"Scott","email":"shatch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":446395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gill, V.A.","contributorId":35498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gill","given":"V.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mulcahy, D.M.","contributorId":43302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mulcahy","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70034449,"text":"70034449 - 2011 - Quantifying the hydrological responses to climate change in an intact forested small watershed in Southern China","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-20T16:50:44.05911","indexId":"70034449","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying the hydrological responses to climate change in an intact forested small watershed in Southern China","docAbstract":"<p><span>Responses of hydrological processes to climate change are key components in the Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change (IPCC) assessment. Understanding these responses is critical for developing appropriate mitigation and adaptation strategies for sustainable water resources management and protection of public safety. However, these responses are not well understood and little long‐term evidence exists. Herein, we show how climate change, specifically increased air temperature and storm intensity, can affect soil moisture dynamics and hydrological variables based on both long‐term observation and model simulations using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) in an intact forested watershed (the Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve) in Southern China. Our results show that, although total annual precipitation changed little from 1950 to 2009, soil moisture decreased significantly. A significant decline was also found in the monthly 7‐day low flow from 2000 to 2009. However, the maximum daily streamflow in the wet season and unconfined groundwater tables have significantly increased during the same 10‐year period. The significant decreasing trends on soil moisture and low flow variables suggest that the study watershed is moving towards drought‐like condition. Our analysis indicates that the intensification of rainfall storms and the increasing number of annual no‐rain days were responsible for the increasing chance of both droughts and floods. We conclude that climate change has indeed induced more extreme hydrological events (e.g. droughts and floods) in this watershed and perhaps other areas of Southern China. This study also demonstrated usefulness of our research methodology and its possible applications on quantifying the impacts of climate change on hydrology in any other watersheds where long‐term data are available and human disturbance is negligible.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02499.x","issn":"13541013","usgsCitation":"Zhou, G., Wei, X., Wu, Y., Huang, Y., Yan, J., Zhang, D., Zhang, Q., Liu, J., Meng, Z., Wang, C., Chu, G., Liu, S., Tang, X., and Liu, X., 2011, Quantifying the hydrological responses to climate change in an intact forested small watershed in Southern China: Global Change Biology, v. 17, no. 12, p. 3736-3746, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02499.x.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"3736","endPage":"3746","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244756,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216858,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02499.x"}],"volume":"17","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a91e7e4b0c8380cd8052b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhou, G.","contributorId":12604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhou","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wei, X.","contributorId":50636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wei","given":"X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wu, Y.","contributorId":79312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wu","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Huang, Y.","contributorId":62000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huang","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Yan, J.","contributorId":24480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yan","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Zhang, Dongxiao","contributorId":26409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"Dongxiao","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Zhang, Q.","contributorId":84163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"Q.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Liu, J.","contributorId":23672,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Meng, Z.","contributorId":54818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meng","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Wang, C.","contributorId":50689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Chu, G.","contributorId":87001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chu","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Liu, S.","contributorId":93170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Tang, X.","contributorId":43082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tang","given":"X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Liu, Xiuying","contributorId":76529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Xiuying","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}}
,{"id":70034453,"text":"70034453 - 2011 - High-frequency Born synthetic seismograms based on coupled normal modes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-20T16:06:14.405714","indexId":"70034453","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"High-frequency Born synthetic seismograms based on coupled normal modes","docAbstract":"<p><span>High-frequency and full waveform synthetic seismograms on a 3-D laterally heterogeneous earth model are simulated using the theory of coupled normal modes. The set of coupled integral equations that describe the 3-D response are simplified into a set of uncoupled integral equations by using the Born approximation to calculate scattered wavefields and the pure-path approximation to modulate the phase of incident and scattered wavefields. This depends upon a decomposition of the aspherical structure into smooth and rough components. The uncoupled integral equations are discretized and solved in the frequency domain, and time domain results are obtained by inverse Fourier transform. Examples show the utility of the normal mode approach to synthesize the seismic wavefields resulting from interaction with a combination of rough and smooth structural heterogeneities. This approach is applied to an ~4 Hz shallow crustal wave propagation around the site of the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD).</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-246X.2011.05188.x","issn":"0956540X","usgsCitation":"Pollitz, F., 2011, High-frequency Born synthetic seismograms based on coupled normal modes: Geophysical Journal International, v. 187, no. 3, p. 1420-1442, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2011.05188.x.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"1420","endPage":"1442","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487189,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.2011.05188.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":244792,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216894,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2011.05188.x"}],"volume":"187","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-10-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a30e8e4b0c8380cd5da57","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pollitz, F.","contributorId":66449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pollitz","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70034516,"text":"70034516 - 2011 - Diffuse Pacific-North American plate boundary: 1000 km of dextral shear inferred from modeling geodetic data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-20T12:10:44.717204","indexId":"70034516","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diffuse Pacific-North American plate boundary: 1000 km of dextral shear inferred from modeling geodetic data","docAbstract":"<p><span>Geodetic measurements tell us that the eastern part of the Basin and Range Province expands in an east-west direction relative to stable North America, whereas the western part of the province moves to the northwest. We develop three-dimensional finite element representations of the western United States lithosphere in an effort to understand the global positioning system (GPS) signal. The models are constrained by known bounding-block velocities and topography, and Basin and Range Province deformation is represented by simple plastic (thermal creep) rheology. We show that active Basin and Range spreading by gravity collapse is expected to have a strong southward component that does not match the GPS signal. We can reconcile the gravitational component of displacement with observed velocity vectors if the Pacific plate applies northwest-directed shear stress to the Basin and Range via the Sierra Nevada block. This effect reaches at least 1000 km east of the San Andreas fault in our models.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/G32176.1","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Parsons, T., and Thatcher, W., 2011, Diffuse Pacific-North American plate boundary: 1000 km of dextral shear inferred from modeling geodetic data: Geology, v. 39, no. 10, p. 943-946, https://doi.org/10.1130/G32176.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"943","endPage":"946","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243720,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -119.46533203125,\n              38.92522904714054\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.35595703124999,\n              38.92522904714054\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.35595703124999,\n              40.896905775860006\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.46533203125,\n              40.896905775860006\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.46533203125,\n              38.92522904714054\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"39","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a010de4b0c8380cd4fa8f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parsons, T.","contributorId":48288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parsons","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thatcher, W.","contributorId":32669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thatcher","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70034548,"text":"70034548 - 2011 - Sewers as a source and sink of chlorinated-solvent groundwater contamination, Marine Corps Recruit Depot, Parris Island, South Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-16T19:48:19.267284","indexId":"70034548","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1864,"text":"Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sewers as a source and sink of chlorinated-solvent groundwater contamination, Marine Corps Recruit Depot, Parris Island, South Carolina","docAbstract":"<p><span>Groundwater contamination by tetrachloroethene and its dechlorination products is present in two partially intermingled plumes in the surficial aquifer near a former dry‐cleaning facility at Site 45, Marine Corps Recruit Depot, Parris Island, South Carolina. The northern plume originates from the vicinity of former above‐ground storage tanks. Free‐phase tetrachloroethene from activities in this area entered the groundwater. The southern plume originates at a nearby, new dry‐cleaning facility, but probably was the result of contamination released to the aquifer from a leaking sanitary sewer line from the former dry‐cleaning facility. Discharge of dissolved groundwater contamination is primarily to leaking storm sewers below the water table. The strong influence of sanitary sewers on source distribution and of storm sewers on plume orientation and discharge at this site indicates that groundwater‐contamination investigators should consider the potential influence of sewer systems at their sites.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"National Groundwater Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6592.2011.01349.x","issn":"10693629","usgsCitation":"Vroblesky, D., Petkewich, M., Lowery, M., and Landmeyer, J., 2011, Sewers as a source and sink of chlorinated-solvent groundwater contamination, Marine Corps Recruit Depot, Parris Island, South Carolina: Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation, v. 31, no. 4, p. 63-69, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6592.2011.01349.x.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"63","endPage":"69","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243690,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215859,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6592.2011.01349.x"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.76324462890625,\n              32.29322744284225\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.76324462890625,\n              32.371262806414045\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.65750122070312,\n              32.371262806414045\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.65750122070312,\n              32.29322744284225\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.76324462890625,\n              32.29322744284225\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"31","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8d8be4b08c986b318490","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vroblesky, D.A.","contributorId":101691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vroblesky","given":"D.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Petkewich, M.D.","contributorId":89927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petkewich","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lowery, M.A.","contributorId":56754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowery","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Landmeyer, J. E.","contributorId":91140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landmeyer","given":"J. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70034459,"text":"70034459 - 2011 - Gender-based differences in Florida apple snail (Pomacea paludosa) movements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:46","indexId":"70034459","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2648,"text":"Malacologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gender-based differences in Florida apple snail (Pomacea paludosa) movements","docAbstract":"Gastropod movements have been studied in the context of habitat selection, finding food and mates, and avoiding predation. Many of these studies were conducted in the laboratory, where constraints on spatial scale influence behavior. We conducted a field study of Florida apple snail (Pomacea paludosa) movements using telemetry. We hypothesized that Florida apple snail movements were driven by reproductive activity, and that gender differences would be evident. We documented male and female directions and distances traveled. We also conducted a trapping study that included conspecific bait to test if the presence of females attracted more males as measured by M:F ratios in traps. The greatest distances traveled were by males, and males were more likely to maintain a consistent bearing compared to females. Male distances peaked in what typically corresponds to peak breeding season. M:F ratios in traps were positively associated with reproductive activity in the study population as measured by egg cluster counts. Conspecific bait had no effect on the number of males or females captured. However, if a female crawled into the trap, we observed greater numbers of males compared to those with no trapped females. Males may have tracked females to increase mating encounters, following slime trails, as seen in other aquatic (including other Pomacea) snails. The capacity for mate finding has implications for reproductive success in the relatively low density populations often seen for Pomacea paludosa.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Malacologia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.4002/040.054.0103","issn":"00762997","usgsCitation":"Valentine-Darby, P.L., Darby, P., and Percival, H., 2011, Gender-based differences in Florida apple snail (Pomacea paludosa) movements: Malacologia, v. 54, no. 1-2, p. 109-118, https://doi.org/10.4002/040.054.0103.","startPage":"109","endPage":"118","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216983,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.4002/040.054.0103"},{"id":244890,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a14f6e4b0c8380cd54c44","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Valentine-Darby, P. L.","contributorId":53197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valentine-Darby","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Darby, P.C.","contributorId":101044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Darby","given":"P.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Percival, H.F.","contributorId":31716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Percival","given":"H.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70034517,"text":"70034517 - 2011 - Context-specific parasitism in <i>Tubifex tubifex</i> in geothermally influenced stream reaches in Yellowstone National Park","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-30T19:30:58","indexId":"70034517","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2564,"text":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","onlineIssn":"1937-237X","printIssn":"0887-3593","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Context-specific parasitism in <i>Tubifex tubifex</i> in geothermally influenced stream reaches in Yellowstone National Park","docAbstract":"Parasites can regulate host abundance and influence the composition and structure of communities. However, host-parasite interactions might be context-specific if environmental conditions can alter the outcome of parasitism and disease. An understanding of how host-parasite interactions might change in different contexts will be useful for predicting and managing disease against a background of anthropogenic environmental change. We examined the ecology of <i>Myxobolus cerebralis</i>, the parasite that causes whirling disease in salmonids, and its obligate host, <i>Tubifex tubifex</i>, in geothermally variable stream reaches in Yellowstone National Park. We identified reaches in 4 categories of geothermal influence, which were characterized by variable substrates, temperatures, specific conductivities, and pH. In each reach, we measured aspects of host ecology (abundance, relative abundance, size, and genotype of <i>T. tubifex</i>), parasite ecology (infection prevalence in <i>T. tubifex</i> and abundance of <i>M. cerebralis</i>-infected <i>T. tubifex</i>), and risk to fish of contracting whirling disease. <i>Tubifex tubifex</i> abundance was high all in reaches characterized by geothermal influence, whereas abundance of <i>M. cerebralis</i>-infected <i>T. tubifex</i> was high only in reaches characterized by intermediate geothermal influence. We suggest that habitat had a contextual effect on parasitism in the oligochaete host. Abundance of infected hosts appeared to depend on host abundance in all reach types except those with high geothermal influence, where abundance of infected hosts depended on environmental factors.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Society for Freshwater Science","publisherLocation":"Waco, TX","doi":"10.1899/10-043.1","issn":"08873593","usgsCitation":"Alexander, J.D., Kerans, B.L., Koel, T., and Rasmussen, C., 2011, Context-specific parasitism in <i>Tubifex tubifex</i> in geothermally influenced stream reaches in Yellowstone National Park: Journal of the North American Benthological Society, v. 30, no. 3, p. 853-867, https://doi.org/10.1899/10-043.1.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"853","endPage":"867","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":215886,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1899/10-043.1"},{"id":243721,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fa4ee4b0c8380cd4da2d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alexander, Julie D.","contributorId":93299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alexander","given":"Julie","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kerans, Billie L.","contributorId":9893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kerans","given":"Billie","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Koel, Todd M.","contributorId":100782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koel","given":"Todd M.","affiliations":[{"id":36976,"text":"U.S. National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":446176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rasmussen, Charlotte crasmussen@usgs.gov","contributorId":3574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rasmussen","given":"Charlotte","email":"crasmussen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":446173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70034518,"text":"70034518 - 2011 - Movements and survival of black-footed ferrets associated with an experimental translocation in South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-19T16:24:26.260781","indexId":"70034518","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Movements and survival of black-footed ferrets associated with an experimental translocation in South Dakota","docAbstract":"<p><span>Black-footed ferrets (</span><i>Mustela nigripes</i><span>) apparently were extirpated from all native habitats by 1987, and their repatriation requires a combination of captive breeding, reintroductions, and translocations among sites. Improvements in survival rates of released ferrets have resulted from experience in quasi-natural environments during their rearing. Reestablishment of a self-sustaining wild population by 1999 provided the 1st opportunity to initiate new populations by translocating wild-born individuals. Using radiotelemetry, we compared behaviors and survival of 18 translocated wild-born ferrets and 18 pen-experienced captive-born ferrets after their release into a prairie dog colony not occupied previously by ferrets. Translocated wild-born ferrets moved significantly less and had significantly higher short-term survival rates than their captive-born counterparts. Using mark–recapture methods, we also assessed potential impacts to the established donor population of removing 37% of its estimated annual production of kits. Annual survival rates for 30 ferret kits remaining at the donor subcomplex were higher than rates for 54 ferret kits at the control subcomplex (unmanipulated) for males (+82%) and females (+32%). Minimum survival of translocated kits did not differ significantly from survival of those at the control subcomplex. Direct translocation of young, wild-born ferrets from site to site appears to be an efficient method to establish new populations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1644/10-MAMM-S-152.1","issn":"00222372","usgsCitation":"Biggins, E., Godbey, J.L., Horton, B., and Livieri, T., 2011, Movements and survival of black-footed ferrets associated with an experimental translocation in South Dakota: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 92, no. 4, p. 742-750, https://doi.org/10.1644/10-MAMM-S-152.1.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"742","endPage":"750","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487220,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1644/10-mamm-s-152.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":243750,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215914,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1644/10-MAMM-S-152.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-104.054487,44.180381],[-104.055914,44.874986],[-104.057698,44.997431],[-104.039681,44.998041],[-104.040114,45.374214],[-104.045443,45.94531],[-100.430597,45.943638],[-99.005754,45.939944],[-98.414518,45.936504],[-96.56328,45.935238],[-96.564002,45.91956],[-96.56703,45.915682],[-96.56442,45.909415],[-96.568315,45.902902],[-96.568772,45.888072],[-96.571354,45.886673],[-96.571871,45.871846],[-96.574667,45.866816],[-96.572984,45.861602],[-96.574517,45.843098],[-96.583085,45.820024],[-96.596704,45.811801],[-96.612512,45.794442],[-96.627778,45.786239],[-96.638726,45.770171],[-96.641941,45.759871],[-96.652226,45.746809],[-96.662595,45.738682],[-96.672665,45.732336],[-96.711157,45.717561],[-96.745086,45.701576],[-96.75035,45.698782],[-96.760866,45.687518],[-96.835769,45.649648],[-96.844211,45.639583],[-96.852392,45.61484],[-96.857751,45.605962],[-96.801987,45.555414],[-96.79384,45.550724],[-96.76528,45.521414],[-96.745487,45.488712],[-96.743486,45.480649],[-96.738446,45.473499],[-96.732739,45.458737],[-96.692541,45.417338],[-96.680454,45.410499],[-96.617726,45.408092],[-96.60118,45.403181],[-96.562142,45.38609],[-96.521787,45.375645],[-96.489065,45.357071],[-96.469246,45.324941],[-96.468027,45.318619],[-96.46191,45.313884],[-96.453067,45.298115],[-96.451232,44.718375],[-96.453049,43.500415],[-96.598928,43.500457],[-96.599182,43.496011],[-96.586274,43.491099],[-96.580997,43.481384],[-96.586364,43.478251],[-96.584603,43.46961],[-96.587929,43.464878],[-96.600039,43.45708],[-96.60286,43.450907],[-96.594254,43.434153],[-96.587884,43.431685],[-96.575181,43.431756],[-96.570224,43.428601],[-96.573579,43.419228],[-96.562728,43.412782],[-96.557586,43.406792],[-96.537116,43.395063],[-96.531159,43.39561],[-96.529152,43.397735],[-96.525453,43.396317],[-96.521572,43.38564],[-96.521323,43.374607],[-96.526467,43.368314],[-96.527223,43.362257],[-96.526635,43.351833],[-96.524289,43.347214],[-96.534913,43.336473],[-96.528817,43.316561],[-96.525564,43.312467],[-96.530392,43.300034],[-96.553087,43.29286],[-96.555246,43.294803],[-96.56911,43.295535],[-96.573556,43.29917],[-96.581052,43.297118],[-96.579094,43.293797],[-96.577588,43.2788],[-96.580904,43.2748],[-96.582876,43.274594],[-96.582939,43.276536],[-96.586317,43.274319],[-96.58522,43.268878],[-96.576804,43.268308],[-96.564165,43.260239],[-96.554968,43.259998],[-96.552591,43.257769],[-96.552963,43.247281],[-96.565253,43.244241],[-96.571194,43.238961],[-96.568505,43.231554],[-96.56044,43.224219],[-96.554937,43.226775],[-96.540088,43.225698],[-96.535741,43.22764],[-96.526865,43.224071],[-96.519273,43.21769],[-96.500759,43.220767],[-96.496454,43.223652],[-96.485264,43.224183],[-96.476697,43.222014],[-96.470626,43.207225],[-96.473777,43.198766],[-96.473834,43.189804],[-96.472395,43.185644],[-96.465146,43.182971],[-96.467292,43.164066],[-96.466537,43.150281],[-96.459978,43.143516],[-96.450361,43.142237],[-96.443431,43.133825],[-96.440801,43.123129],[-96.436589,43.120842],[-96.439335,43.113916],[-96.462855,43.091419],[-96.462636,43.089614],[-96.455337,43.088129],[-96.454088,43.084197],[-96.455209,43.075053],[-96.46085,43.064033],[-96.468207,43.06186],[-96.473165,43.06355],[-96.476905,43.062383],[-96.490365,43.050789],[-96.501748,43.048632],[-96.510256,43.049917],[-96.518431,43.042068],[-96.509145,43.037297],[-96.512916,43.029962],[-96.510995,43.024701],[-96.499187,43.019213],[-96.49167,43.009707],[-96.496699,42.998807],[-96.509986,42.995126],[-96.512886,42.991424],[-96.512237,42.985937],[-96.516724,42.981458],[-96.520773,42.980385],[-96.515922,42.972886],[-96.506148,42.971348],[-96.503132,42.968192],[-96.500308,42.959391],[-96.504857,42.954659],[-96.509472,42.945151],[-96.519994,42.93976],[-96.516419,42.935438],[-96.516888,42.932512],[-96.525536,42.935511],[-96.541689,42.922576],[-96.536564,42.905656],[-96.542847,42.903737],[-96.539397,42.899964],[-96.536007,42.900901],[-96.528886,42.89795],[-96.526357,42.891852],[-96.540116,42.889678],[-96.537851,42.878475],[-96.546394,42.874464],[-96.549659,42.870281],[-96.550469,42.863742],[-96.546556,42.857273],[-96.541708,42.858871],[-96.545502,42.849956],[-96.554709,42.846142],[-96.554203,42.843648],[-96.549976,42.840705],[-96.551285,42.836606],[-96.556162,42.836675],[-96.560572,42.839373],[-96.56284,42.836309],[-96.563058,42.831051],[-96.565605,42.830434],[-96.571353,42.837155],[-96.581604,42.837521],[-96.58238,42.833657],[-96.577813,42.828719],[-96.585699,42.818041],[-96.596008,42.815044],[-96.595664,42.810426],[-96.590913,42.808987],[-96.595283,42.792982],[-96.602575,42.787767],[-96.603784,42.78372],[-96.61949,42.784034],[-96.626406,42.773518],[-96.632142,42.770863],[-96.632212,42.761512],[-96.628741,42.757532],[-96.621235,42.758084],[-96.619494,42.754792],[-96.630485,42.750378],[-96.639704,42.737071],[-96.631931,42.725086],[-96.624704,42.725497],[-96.624446,42.714294],[-96.630617,42.70588],[-96.612555,42.698402],[-96.61017,42.694568],[-96.59908,42.697296],[-96.596625,42.695122],[-96.596405,42.688514],[-96.58562,42.687076],[-96.575299,42.682665],[-96.574064,42.67801],[-96.578148,42.672765],[-96.572261,42.670776],[-96.569194,42.675509],[-96.566684,42.675942],[-96.556244,42.664396],[-96.5599,42.662819],[-96.559962,42.658543],[-96.556214,42.657949],[-96.546827,42.661491],[-96.542366,42.660736],[-96.537877,42.655431],[-96.537881,42.646446],[-96.526766,42.641184],[-96.516338,42.630435],[-96.515918,42.624994],[-96.518542,42.62035],[-96.530896,42.617129],[-96.529894,42.610432],[-96.525671,42.609312],[-96.517048,42.615343],[-96.509468,42.61273],[-96.500183,42.594106],[-96.501037,42.589247],[-96.494777,42.585741],[-96.49545,42.579474],[-96.485796,42.575001],[-96.489328,42.5708],[-96.498709,42.57087],[-96.498041,42.558153],[-96.476952,42.556079],[-96.479909,42.524195],[-96.490802,42.520331],[-96.49297,42.517282],[-96.490089,42.512441],[-96.477454,42.509589],[-96.473339,42.503537],[-96.476909,42.497795],[-96.476509,42.493595],[-96.474409,42.491895],[-96.46255,42.490788],[-96.456348,42.492478],[-96.443408,42.489495],[-96.478792,42.479635],[-96.501321,42.482749],[-96.508587,42.486691],[-96.515891,42.49427],[-96.520683,42.504761],[-96.528753,42.513273],[-96.538036,42.518131],[-96.548791,42.520547],[-96.567896,42.517877],[-96.591121,42.50541],[-96.603468,42.50446],[-96.611489,42.506088],[-96.625958,42.513576],[-96.628179,42.516963],[-96.632882,42.528987],[-96.63533,42.54764],[-96.643589,42.557604],[-96.658754,42.566426],[-96.681369,42.574486],[-96.7093,42.603753],[-96.711546,42.614758],[-96.709485,42.621932],[-96.687788,42.645992],[-96.687082,42.652093],[-96.691269,42.6562],[-96.728024,42.666882],[-96.746949,42.666223],[-96.76406,42.661985],[-96.793238,42.666024],[-96.800986,42.669758],[-96.802178,42.672237],[-96.800485,42.692466],[-96.801652,42.698774],[-96.806219,42.704149],[-96.843419,42.712024],[-96.860436,42.720797],[-96.886845,42.725222],[-96.906797,42.7338],[-96.924156,42.730327],[-96.948902,42.719465],[-96.961576,42.719841],[-96.964776,42.722455],[-96.965833,42.727096],[-96.96123,42.740623],[-96.96888,42.754278],[-96.97912,42.76009],[-96.99282,42.759481],[-97.02485,42.76243],[-97.033229,42.765904],[-97.065592,42.772189],[-97.096128,42.76934],[-97.131331,42.771929],[-97.134461,42.774494],[-97.138216,42.783428],[-97.150763,42.795566],[-97.166978,42.802087],[-97.200431,42.805485],[-97.210126,42.809296],[-97.213084,42.813007],[-97.213957,42.820143],[-97.218269,42.829561],[-97.217411,42.843519],[-97.218825,42.845848],[-97.237868,42.853139],[-97.251764,42.855432],[-97.267946,42.852583],[-97.289859,42.855499],[-97.306677,42.867604],[-97.336156,42.856802],[-97.359569,42.854816],[-97.368643,42.858419],[-97.376695,42.865195],[-97.393966,42.86425],[-97.408315,42.868334],[-97.417066,42.865918],[-97.431951,42.851542],[-97.442279,42.846224],[-97.452177,42.846048],[-97.470529,42.850455],[-97.49149,42.851625],[-97.504847,42.858477],[-97.531867,42.850105],[-97.561928,42.847552],[-97.591916,42.853837],[-97.603762,42.858329],[-97.611811,42.858367],[-97.657846,42.844626],[-97.686506,42.842435],[-97.72045,42.847439],[-97.774456,42.849774],[-97.817075,42.861781],[-97.828496,42.868797],[-97.84527,42.867734],[-97.875345,42.858724],[-97.877003,42.854394],[-97.875849,42.847725],[-97.878976,42.843673],[-97.879878,42.835395],[-97.888562,42.817251],[-97.908983,42.794909],[-97.921434,42.788352],[-97.936716,42.775754],[-97.950147,42.769619],[-97.977588,42.769923],[-98.000348,42.763256],[-98.017228,42.762411],[-98.035034,42.764205],[-98.059838,42.772772],[-98.062913,42.781119],[-98.067388,42.784759],[-98.094574,42.799309],[-98.107688,42.810633],[-98.127489,42.820127],[-98.137912,42.832728],[-98.146933,42.839823],[-98.167523,42.836925],[-98.189765,42.841628],[-98.219826,42.853157],[-98.25181,42.872824],[-98.280007,42.874996],[-98.325864,42.8865],[-98.34623,42.902747],[-98.42074,42.931924],[-98.430934,42.931504],[-98.437285,42.928393],[-98.444145,42.929242],[-98.448309,42.936428],[-98.467356,42.947556],[-98.490483,42.977948],[-98.49855,42.99856],[-100.472742,42.999288],[-101.625424,42.996238],[-101.849982,42.999329],[-104.053127,43.000585],[-104.055488,43.853476],[-104.054487,44.180381]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"South Dakota\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","volume":"92","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5f5ae4b0c8380cd70edb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Biggins, E.","contributorId":88303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biggins","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Godbey, Jerry L.","contributorId":58988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godbey","given":"Jerry","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Horton, B.M.","contributorId":103492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton","given":"B.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Livieri, T.M.","contributorId":96910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Livieri","given":"T.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70034462,"text":"70034462 - 2011 - The GeoClaw software for depth-averaged flows with adaptive refinement","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-19T21:40:35.042357","indexId":"70034462","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":664,"text":"Advances in Water Resources","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The GeoClaw software for depth-averaged flows with adaptive refinement","docAbstract":"<p><span>Many geophysical flow or wave propagation problems can be modeled with two-dimensional depth-averaged equations, of which the shallow water equations are the simplest example. We describe the GeoClaw software that has been designed to solve problems of this nature, consisting of open source Fortran programs together with Python tools for the user interface and flow visualization. This software uses high-resolution shock-capturing finite volume methods on logically rectangular grids, including latitude–longitude grids on the sphere. Dry states are handled automatically to model inundation. The code incorporates adaptive mesh refinement to allow the efficient solution of large-scale geophysical problems. Examples are given illustrating its use for modeling tsunamis and dam-break flooding problems. Documentation and download information is available at&nbsp;</span><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"http://www.clawpack.org/geoclaw\" target=\"_blank\" data-mce-href=\"http://www.clawpack.org/geoclaw\">www.clawpack.org/geoclaw</a><span>.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.advwatres.2011.02.016","issn":"03091708","usgsCitation":"Berger, M., George, D., LeVeque, R., and Mandli, K.T., 2011, The GeoClaw software for depth-averaged flows with adaptive refinement: Advances in Water Resources, v. 34, no. 9, p. 1195-1206, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2011.02.016.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1195","endPage":"1206","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475066,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1008.0455","text":"External Repository"},{"id":244411,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216534,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2011.02.016"}],"volume":"34","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba746e4b08c986b321487","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berger, M.J.","contributorId":86574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berger","given":"M.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"George, D.L.","contributorId":54419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"George","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"LeVeque, R.J.","contributorId":92068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LeVeque","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mandli, Kyle T.","contributorId":25011,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mandli","given":"Kyle","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70034547,"text":"70034547 - 2011 - Soils and late-Quaternary landscape evolution in the Cottonwood River basin, east-central Kansas: Implications for archaeological research","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-19T12:06:53.39197","indexId":"70034547","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1749,"text":"Geoarchaeology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Soils and late-Quaternary landscape evolution in the Cottonwood River basin, east-central Kansas: Implications for archaeological research","docAbstract":"<p><span>Temporal and spatial patterns of landscape evolution strongly influence the temporal and spatial patterns of the archaeological record in drainage systems. In this geoarchaeological investigation we took a basin‐wide approach in assessing the soil stratigraphy, lithostratigraphy, and geochronology of alluvial deposits and associated buried soils in the Cottonwood River basin of east‐central Kansas. Patterns of landscape evolution emerge when stratigraphic sequences and radiocarbon chronologies are compared by stream size and landform type. In the valleys of high‐order streams (≥4th order) the Younger Dryas Chronozone (ca. 11,000–10,000&nbsp;</span><sup>14</sup><span>C yr B.P.) was characterized by slow aggradation accompanied by pedogenesis, resulting in the development of organic‐rich cumulic soils. Between ca. 10,000 and 4900&nbsp;</span><sup>14</sup><span>C yr B.P., aggradation punctuated by soil formation was the dominant process in those valleys. Alluvial fans formed on the margins of high‐order stream valleys during the early and middle Holocene (ca. 9000–5000&nbsp;</span><sup>14</sup><span>C yr B.P.) and continued to develop slowly until ca. 3000–2000&nbsp;</span><sup>14</sup><span>C yr B.P. The late‐Holocene record of high‐order streams is characterized by episodes of entrenchment, rapid aggradation, and slow aggradation punctuated by soil development. By contrast, the early and middle Holocene (ca. 10,000–5000&nbsp;</span><sup>14</sup><span>C yr B.P.) was a period of net erosion in the valleys of low‐order streams. However, during the late Holocene small valleys became zones of net sediment storage. Consideration of the effects of these patterns of landscape evolution on the archaeological record is crucial for accurately interpreting that record and searching for buried archaeological deposits dating to specific cultural periods.&nbsp;</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/gea.20367","issn":"08836353","usgsCitation":"Beeton, J., and Mandel, R., 2011, Soils and late-Quaternary landscape evolution in the Cottonwood River basin, east-central Kansas: Implications for archaeological research: Geoarchaeology, v. 26, no. 5, p. 693-723, https://doi.org/10.1002/gea.20367.","productDescription":"31 p.","startPage":"693","endPage":"723","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243658,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215831,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gea.20367"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-99.541116,36.999573],[-99.648652,36.999604],[-99.657658,37.000197],[-99.875409,37.001659],[-99.995201,37.001631],[-100.115722,37.002206],[-100.193754,37.002133],[-100.552683,37.000735],[-100.734517,36.999059],[-100.756894,36.999357],[-100.855634,36.998626],[-100.904274,36.998745],[-100.945469,36.998153],[-101.012641,36.998176],[-101.359674,36.996232],[-102.04224,36.993083],[-102.041749,37.034397],[-102.041809,37.111973],[-102.042092,37.125021],[-102.041963,37.258164],[-102.041664,37.29765],[-102.042089,37.352819],[-102.041524,37.375018],[-102.042016,37.535261],[-102.041574,37.680436],[-102.042158,37.760164],[-102.042953,37.803535],[-102.044644,38.045532],[-102.044255,38.113011],[-102.044589,38.125013],[-102.044251,38.141778],[-102.044944,38.384419],[-102.044442,38.415802],[-102.044936,38.41968],[-102.045324,38.453647],[-102.045074,38.669617],[-102.045334,38.799463],[-102.046571,39.047038],[-102.04937,39.41821],[-102.049554,39.538932],[-102.050422,39.646048],[-102.050099,39.653812],[-102.050594,39.675594],[-102.051569,39.849805],[-102.051744,40.003078],[-101.904176,40.003162],[-101.841025,40.002784],[-101.409953,40.002354],[-101.324036,40.002696],[-100.937427,40.002145],[-100.75883,40.002302],[-100.66023,40.002162],[-100.645445,40.001883],[-100.196959,40.001494],[-99.990926,40.001503],[-99.948167,40.001813],[-99.930433,40.001516],[-99.813401,40.0014],[-99.772121,40.001804],[-99.756835,40.001342],[-99.746628,40.00182],[-99.49766,40.001912],[-99.423565,40.00227],[-99.412645,40.001868],[-99.282967,40.001879],[-99.018701,40.002333],[-98.710404,40.00218],[-98.690287,40.002548],[-98.652494,40.002245],[-98.64071,40.002493],[-98.560578,40.002274],[-98.274017,40.002516],[-98.250008,40.002307],[-98.193483,40.002614],[-98.099659,40.002227],[-97.838379,40.00191],[-97.777155,40.002167],[-97.510264,40.001835],[-97.369199,40.00206],[-97.20231,40.001442],[-97.142448,40.001495],[-97.137866,40.001814],[-97.049663,40.001323],[-96.916093,40.001506],[-96.622401,40.001158],[-96.610349,40.000881],[-96.467536,40.001035],[-96.125937,40.000432],[-96.02409,40.000719],[-95.30829,39.999998],[-95.308404,39.993758],[-95.30778,39.990618],[-95.307111,39.989114],[-95.302507,39.984357],[-95.289715,39.977706],[-95.274757,39.972115],[-95.269886,39.969396],[-95.261854,39.960618],[-95.257652,39.954886],[-95.250254,39.948644],[-95.241383,39.944949],[-95.236761,39.943931],[-95.231114,39.943784],[-95.220212,39.944433],[-95.21644,39.943953],[-95.213737,39.943206],[-95.204428,39.938949],[-95.201277,39.934194],[-95.20069,39.928155],[-95.20201,39.922438],[-95.205745,39.915169],[-95.206326,39.912121],[-95.206196,39.909557],[-95.205733,39.908275],[-95.201935,39.904053],[-95.199347,39.902709],[-95.193816,39.90069],[-95.189565,39.899959],[-95.179453,39.900062],[-95.172296,39.902026],[-95.159834,39.906984],[-95.156024,39.907243],[-95.149657,39.905948],[-95.146055,39.904183],[-95.143802,39.901918],[-95.142563,39.897992],[-95.142445,39.89542],[-95.143403,39.889356],[-95.142718,39.885889],[-95.140601,39.881688],[-95.137092,39.878351],[-95.134747,39.876852],[-95.128166,39.874165],[-95.105912,39.869164],[-95.090158,39.86314],[-95.085003,39.861883],[-95.081534,39.861718],[-95.052535,39.864374],[-95.042142,39.864805],[-95.037767,39.865542],[-95.032053,39.868337],[-95.027931,39.871522],[-95.025422,39.876711],[-95.025119,39.878833],[-95.025947,39.886747],[-95.02524,39.8897],[-95.024389,39.891202],[-95.018743,39.897372],[-95.013152,39.899953],[-95.00844,39.900596],[-95.003819,39.900401],[-94.990284,39.89701],[-94.986975,39.89667],[-94.977749,39.897472],[-94.963345,39.901136],[-94.959276,39.901671],[-94.95154,39.900533],[-94.943867,39.89813],[-94.934493,39.893366],[-94.929574,39.888754],[-94.927897,39.886112],[-94.927359,39.883966],[-94.927252,39.880258],[-94.928466,39.876344],[-94.931463,39.872602],[-94.938791,39.866954],[-94.940743,39.86441],[-94.942407,39.861066],[-94.942567,39.856602],[-94.939767,39.85193],[-94.937655,39.849786],[-94.92615,39.841322],[-94.916918,39.836138],[-94.909942,39.834426],[-94.903157,39.83385],[-94.892677,39.834378],[-94.889493,39.834026],[-94.886933,39.833098],[-94.881013,39.828922],[-94.878677,39.826522],[-94.877044,39.823754],[-94.876544,39.820594],[-94.875944,39.813294],[-94.876344,39.806894],[-94.880932,39.797338],[-94.884084,39.794234],[-94.890292,39.791626],[-94.892965,39.791098],[-94.925605,39.789754],[-94.929654,39.788282],[-94.932726,39.786282],[-94.935206,39.78313],[-94.935782,39.778906],[-94.935302,39.77561],[-94.934262,39.773642],[-94.929653,39.769098],[-94.926229,39.76649],[-94.916789,39.760938],[-94.912293,39.759338],[-94.906244,39.759418],[-94.899156,39.761258],[-94.895268,39.76321],[-94.883924,39.770186],[-94.88146,39.771258],[-94.871144,39.772994],[-94.869644,39.772894],[-94.867143,39.771694],[-94.865243,39.770094],[-94.863143,39.767294],[-94.860743,39.763094],[-94.859443,39.753694],[-94.860371,39.74953],[-94.862943,39.742994],[-94.870143,39.734594],[-94.875643,39.730494],[-94.884143,39.726794],[-94.891744,39.724894],[-94.899316,39.724042],[-94.902612,39.724202],[-94.910068,39.725786],[-94.918324,39.728794],[-94.930005,39.73537],[-94.939221,39.741578],[-94.944741,39.744377],[-94.948726,39.745593],[-94.95263,39.745961],[-94.955286,39.745689],[-94.960086,39.743065],[-94.965318,39.739065],[-94.970422,39.732121],[-94.971206,39.729305],[-94.971078,39.723146],[-94.968453,39.707402],[-94.968981,39.692954],[-94.969909,39.68905],[-94.971317,39.68641],[-94.976325,39.68137],[-94.981557,39.678634],[-94.984149,39.67785],[-94.993557,39.67657],[-95.001379,39.676479],[-95.009023,39.675765],[-95.01531,39.674262],[-95.018318,39.672869],[-95.024595,39.668485],[-95.027644,39.665454],[-95.037464,39.652905],[-95.039049,39.649639],[-95.044554,39.64437],[-95.049518,39.637876],[-95.053367,39.630347],[-95.054925,39.624995],[-95.055152,39.621657],[-95.053012,39.613965],[-95.047911,39.606288],[-95.046445,39.601606],[-95.046361,39.599557],[-95.047165,39.595117],[-95.049277,39.589583],[-95.054804,39.582488],[-95.056897,39.580567],[-95.059519,39.579132],[-95.064519,39.577115],[-95.069315,39.576218],[-95.07216,39.576122],[-95.076688,39.576764],[-95.089515,39.581028],[-95.095736,39.580618],[-95.099095,39.579691],[-95.103228,39.577783],[-95.106406,39.575252],[-95.107454,39.573843],[-95.113077,39.559133],[-95.113557,39.553941],[-95.109304,39.542285],[-95.106596,39.537657],[-95.102888,39.533347],[-95.092704,39.524241],[-95.082714,39.516712],[-95.077441,39.513552],[-95.059461,39.506143],[-95.05638,39.503972],[-95.052177,39.499996],[-95.050552,39.497514],[-95.049845,39.494415],[-95.04837,39.48042],[-95.047133,39.474971],[-95.045716,39.472459],[-95.04078,39.466387],[-95.0375,39.463689],[-95.033408,39.460876],[-95.028498,39.458287],[-95.015825,39.452809],[-94.995768,39.448174],[-94.990172,39.446192],[-94.982144,39.440552],[-94.978798,39.436241],[-94.976606,39.426701],[-94.972952,39.421705],[-94.966066,39.417288],[-94.954817,39.413844],[-94.951209,39.411707],[-94.947864,39.408604],[-94.946293,39.405646],[-94.946662,39.399717],[-94.946227,39.395648],[-94.945577,39.393851],[-94.942039,39.389499],[-94.937158,39.386531],[-94.933652,39.385546],[-94.92311,39.384492],[-94.919225,39.385174],[-94.915859,39.386348],[-94.909581,39.388865],[-94.901823,39.392798],[-94.894979,39.393565],[-94.891845,39.393313],[-94.888972,39.392432],[-94.885026,39.389801],[-94.880979,39.383899],[-94.879281,39.37978],[-94.879088,39.375703],[-94.88136,39.370383],[-94.885216,39.366911],[-94.890928,39.364031],[-94.896832,39.363135],[-94.899024,39.362431],[-94.902497,39.360383],[-94.907297,39.356735],[-94.909409,39.354255],[-94.910017,39.352543],[-94.910641,39.348335],[-94.908065,39.323663],[-94.905329,39.311952],[-94.903137,39.306272],[-94.900049,39.300192],[-94.895217,39.294208],[-94.887056,39.28648],[-94.882576,39.283328],[-94.87832,39.281136],[-94.867568,39.277841],[-94.857072,39.273825],[-94.84632,39.268481],[-94.837855,39.262417],[-94.831471,39.256273],[-94.827487,39.249889],[-94.825663,39.241729],[-94.826111,39.238289],[-94.827791,39.234001],[-94.834896,39.223842],[-94.835056,39.220658],[-94.833552,39.217794],[-94.831679,39.215938],[-94.823791,39.209874],[-94.820687,39.208626],[-94.811663,39.206594],[-94.799663,39.206018],[-94.787343,39.207666],[-94.783838,39.207154],[-94.781518,39.206146],[-94.777838,39.203522],[-94.775543,39.200609],[-94.770338,39.190002],[-94.763138,39.179903],[-94.752338,39.173203],[-94.741938,39.170203],[-94.736537,39.169203],[-94.723637,39.169003],[-94.714137,39.170403],[-94.696332,39.178563],[-94.687236,39.183503],[-94.680336,39.184303],[-94.669135,39.182003],[-94.663835,39.179103],[-94.660315,39.168051],[-94.662435,39.157603],[-94.650735,39.154103],[-94.640035,39.153103],[-94.623934,39.156603],[-94.615834,39.160003],[-94.608834,39.160503],[-94.601733,39.159603],[-94.596033,39.157703],[-94.591933,39.155003],[-94.589933,39.140403],[-94.592533,39.135903],[-94.600434,39.128503],[-94.605734,39.122204],[-94.607034,39.119404],[-94.607354,39.113444],[-94.607234,39.065704],[-94.608334,38.981806],[-94.608134,38.940006],[-94.607866,38.937398],[-94.608033,38.847207],[-94.607625,38.82756],[-94.611602,38.635384],[-94.611465,38.625011],[-94.611858,38.620485],[-94.611887,38.580139],[-94.612176,38.576546],[-94.612157,38.549817],[-94.613365,38.403422],[-94.613312,38.364407],[-94.612673,38.314832],[-94.612658,38.217649],[-94.613856,38.149769],[-94.614212,37.992462],[-94.614465,37.987799],[-94.614612,37.944362],[-94.617721,37.77297],[-94.617975,37.722176],[-94.617651,37.687671],[-94.617885,37.682214],[-94.616789,37.52151],[-94.618505,37.181184],[-94.617875,37.056798],[-94.61808,36.998135],[-94.625224,36.998672],[-94.83128,36.998812],[-95.049499,36.99958],[-95.80798,36.999124],[-95.91018,36.999336],[-96.00081,36.99886],[-96.394272,36.999221],[-96.500288,36.998643],[-96.73659,36.999286],[-96.749838,36.998988],[-96.79206,36.99918],[-96.795199,36.99886],[-96.822791,36.999182],[-96.87629,36.999233],[-97.46228,36.998685],[-97.606549,36.998682],[-97.637137,36.99909],[-98.219499,36.997824],[-98.354073,36.997961],[-98.408991,36.998513],[-98.544872,36.998997],[-98.714512,36.99906],[-98.761597,36.999425],[-98.880009,36.999263],[-99.029337,36.999595],[-99.049695,36.999221],[-99.277506,36.999579],[-99.375391,37.000177],[-99.407015,36.999579],[-99.541116,36.999573]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Kansas\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","volume":"26","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-07-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b922de4b08c986b319d50","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beeton, J.M.","contributorId":93297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeton","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mandel, R.D.","contributorId":58000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mandel","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70034503,"text":"70034503 - 2011 - Century-scale variability in global annual runoff examined using a water balance model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-19T19:06:37.261724","indexId":"70034503","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2032,"text":"International Journal of Climatology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Century-scale variability in global annual runoff examined using a water balance model","docAbstract":"<p><span>A monthly water balance model (WB model) is used with CRUTS2.1 monthly temperature and precipitation data to generate time series of monthly runoff for all land areas of the globe for the period 1905 through 2002. Even though annual precipitation accounts for most of the temporal and spatial variability in annual runoff, increases in temperature have had an increasingly negative effect on annual runoff after 1980. Although the effects of increasing temperature on runoff became more apparent after 1980, the relative magnitude of these effects are small compared to the effects of precipitation on global runoff.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Royal Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1002/joc.2198","issn":"08998418","usgsCitation":"McCabe, G., and Wolock, D., 2011, Century-scale variability in global annual runoff examined using a water balance model: International Journal of Climatology, v. 31, no. 12, p. 1739-1748, https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.2198.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1739","endPage":"1748","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475168,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.2198","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":243533,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215711,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joc.2198"}],"volume":"31","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-09-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f3f5e4b0c8380cd4ba58","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCabe, G.J. 0000-0002-9258-2997","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9258-2997","contributorId":12961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCabe","given":"G.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wolock, D.M. 0000-0002-6209-938X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6209-938X","contributorId":36601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolock","given":"D.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70034546,"text":"70034546 - 2011 - Stoichiometric relationship between suspension-feeding caddisfly (Trichoptera: Brachycentridae) and seston","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-16T20:10:12.592526","indexId":"70034546","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1919,"text":"Hydrobiologia","onlineIssn":"1573-5117","printIssn":"0018-8158","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stoichiometric relationship between suspension-feeding caddisfly (Trichoptera: Brachycentridae) and seston","docAbstract":"<p><span>Organisms must acquire adequate amounts of carbon (C) and nutrients [i.e., nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P)] from their food to support growth. The growth of organisms can be constrained by consumer-resource elemental imbalances in C:nutrient ratios, especially in aquatic ecosystems. Furthermore, the elemental composition of aquatic organisms can change through ontogeny, which can impose additional challenges to growth (the growth rate hypothesis), terminal body size, and reproductive output. In streams, growth in larval aquatic insects is influenced primarily by food quality and quantity, temperature, and population density. We conducted a field study that tracked the growth of a common suspension-feeding caddisfly (</span><i>Brachycentrus occidentalis</i><span>) through its ontogeny by comparing the elemental composition (C:N:P) of the organism with its available food supply (suspended particulate organic matter or seston). Larvae and seston were sampled from four streams throughout 1 year. Differences in the growth of larvae among the streams were evident, even though the streams possessed similar thermal regimes. Spatial and temporal differences in the nutrient contents of&nbsp;</span><i>B. occidentalis</i><span>&nbsp;and seston were observed, suggesting a consumer-resource elemental imbalance. Lower C:P and N:P ratios in food were positively correlated to larval growth rate, suggesting growth was limited by P. The C, N, and P contents in&nbsp;</span><i>B. occidentalis</i><span>’ body tissue did change throughout ontogeny. C:nutrient ratios varied across sites during larval development; however, inter-site variation decreased substantially as the populations approached pupation. Ultimately, consumer-resource elemental imbalances during the larval stage did not lead to differences in pre-emergent standing stocks across sites.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Link","doi":"10.1007/s10750-011-0811-4","issn":"00188158","usgsCitation":"Veldboom, J., and Haro, R.J., 2011, Stoichiometric relationship between suspension-feeding caddisfly (Trichoptera: Brachycentridae) and seston: Hydrobiologia, v. 675, no. 1, p. 129-141, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-011-0811-4.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"129","endPage":"141","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243657,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215830,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-011-0811-4"}],"volume":"675","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-07-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b985de4b08c986b31bfce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Veldboom, J.A.","contributorId":19396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Veldboom","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haro, R. J.","contributorId":6027,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haro","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70034541,"text":"70034541 - 2011 - Landscape evolution in south-central Minnesota and the role of geomorphic history on modern erosional processes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:39","indexId":"70034541","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Landscape evolution in south-central Minnesota and the role of geomorphic history on modern erosional processes","docAbstract":"The Minnesota River Valley was carved during catastrophic drainage of glacial Lake Agassiz at the end of the late Pleistocene. The ensuing base-level drop on tributaries created knickpoints that excavated deep valleys as they migrated upstream. A sediment budget compiled in one of these tributaries, the Le Sueur River, shows that these deep valleys are now the primary source of sediment to the Minnesota River. To compare modern sediment loads with pre-European settlement erosion rates, we analyzed incision history using fluvial terrace ages to constrain a valley incision model. Results indicate that even thoughthe dominant sediment sources are derived from natural sources (bluffs, ravines, and streambanks), erosion rates have increased substantially, due in part to pervasive changes in watershed hydrology.","largerWorkTitle":"GSA Today","language":"English","doi":"10.1130/G121A.1","issn":"10525173","usgsCitation":"Gran, K., Belmont, P., Day, S., Finnegan, N., Jennings, C., Lauer, J., and Wilcock, P., 2011, Landscape evolution in south-central Minnesota and the role of geomorphic history on modern erosional processes, <i>in</i> GSA Today, v. 21, no. 9, p. 7-9, https://doi.org/10.1130/G121A.1.","startPage":"7","endPage":"9","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243566,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215743,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G121A.1"}],"volume":"21","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a440ee4b0c8380cd66800","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gran, K.B.","contributorId":44688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gran","given":"K.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Belmont, P.","contributorId":67322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belmont","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Day, S.S.","contributorId":42805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"S.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Finnegan, N.","contributorId":106727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finnegan","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jennings, C.","contributorId":78536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jennings","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lauer, J.W.","contributorId":104303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lauer","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wilcock, P.R.","contributorId":36709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilcock","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
]}