{"pageNumber":"1814","pageRowStart":"45325","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":70036837,"text":"70036837 - 2011 - Interannual variation of rare earth element abundances in corals from northern coast of the South China Sea and its relation with sea-level change and human activities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-18T19:17:49.416737","indexId":"70036837","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2664,"text":"Marine Environmental Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interannual variation of rare earth element abundances in corals from northern coast of the South China Sea and its relation with sea-level change and human activities","docAbstract":"<p><span>Here we present interannual rare earth element (REE) records spanning the last two decades of the 20th century in two living&nbsp;</span><i>Porites</i><span>&nbsp;corals, collected from Longwan Bay, close to the estuarine zones off Wanquan River of Hainan Island and Hong Kong off the Pearl River Delta of Guangdong Province in the northern South China Sea. The results show that both coral REE contents (0.5–40&nbsp;ng&nbsp;g</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;in Longwan Bay and 2–250&nbsp;ng&nbsp;g</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;in Hong Kong for La–Lu) are characterized with a declining trend, which are significantly negative correlated with regional sea-level rise (9.4&nbsp;mm&nbsp;a</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;from 1981 to 1996 in Longwan Bay, 13.7&nbsp;mm&nbsp;a</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;from 1991 to 2001 in Hong Kong). The REE features are proposed to be resulted from seawater intrusion into the estuaries in response to contemporary sea-level rise. However, the tendency for the coral Er/Nd time series at Hong Kong site is absent and there is no significant relation between Er/Nd and total REEs as found for the coral at Longwan Bay site. The observations are likely attributed to changes of the water discharge and sediment load of Pearl River, which have been significantly affected by intense human activities, such as the construction of dams/reservoirs and riverbed sediment mining, in past decades. The riverine sediment load/discharge ratio of the Pearl River decreased sharply with a rate of 0.02&nbsp;kg&nbsp;m</span><sup>−3</sup><span>&nbsp;a</span><sup>−1</sup><span>, which could make significant contribution to the declining trend of coral REE. We propose that coastal corals in Longwan Bay and similar unexplored sites with little influences of river discharge and anthropogenic disruption are ideal candidates to investigate the influence of sea-level change on seawater/coral REE.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2010.10.003","issn":"01411136","usgsCitation":"Liu, Y., Peng, Z., Wei, G., Chen, T., Sun, W., He, J., Liu, G., Chou, C.L., and Shen, C., 2011, Interannual variation of rare earth element abundances in corals from northern coast of the South China Sea and its relation with sea-level change and human activities: Marine Environmental Research, v. 71, no. 1, p. 62-69, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2010.10.003.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"62","endPage":"69","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245769,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217797,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2010.10.003"}],"country":"China","otherGeospatial":"South China Sea","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              108.19335937499999,\n              16.88865978738161\n            ],\n            [\n              111.884765625,\n              16.88865978738161\n            ],\n            [\n              111.884765625,\n              21.289374355860424\n            ],\n            [\n              108.19335937499999,\n              21.289374355860424\n            ],\n            [\n              108.19335937499999,\n              16.88865978738161\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              112.8515625,\n              20.797201434307\n            ],\n            [\n              115.48828125000001,\n              20.797201434307\n            ],\n            [\n              115.48828125000001,\n              23.483400654325642\n            ],\n            [\n              112.8515625,\n              23.483400654325642\n            ],\n            [\n              112.8515625,\n              20.797201434307\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"71","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3ceae4b0c8380cd63152","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liu, Yajing","contributorId":16553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Yajing","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peng, Z.","contributorId":95598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peng","given":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wei, G.","contributorId":105415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wei","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chen, T.","contributorId":107836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sun, W.","contributorId":69692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sun","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"He, J.","contributorId":95993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"He","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Liu, Gaisheng","contributorId":15158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Gaisheng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Chou, C. L.","contributorId":32655,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chou","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Shen, C.-C.","contributorId":25018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shen","given":"C.-C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70036816,"text":"70036816 - 2011 - New aerial survey and hierarchical model to estimate manatee abundance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-16T19:11:32.387533","indexId":"70036816","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New aerial survey and hierarchical model to estimate manatee abundance","docAbstract":"<p>Monitoring the response of endangered and protected species to hydrological restoration is a major component of the adaptive management framework of the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan. The endangered Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris) lives at the marine-freshwater interface in southwest Florida and is likely to be affected by hydrologic restoration. To provide managers with prerestoration information on distribution and abundance for postrestoration comparison, we developed and implemented a new aerial survey design and hierarchical statistical model to estimate and map abundance of manatees as a function of patch-specific habitat characteristics, indicative of manatee requirements for offshore forage (seagrass), inland fresh drinking water, and warm-water winter refuge. We estimated the number of groups of manatees from dual-observer counts and estimated the number of individuals within groups by removal sampling. Our model is unique in that we jointly analyzed group and individual counts using assumptions that allow probabilities of group detection to depend on group size. Ours is the first analysis of manatee aerial surveys to model spatial and temporal abundance of manatees in association with habitat type while accounting for imperfect detection. We conducted the study in the Ten Thousand Islands area of southwestern Florida, USA, which was expected to be affected by the Picayune Strand Restoration Project to restore hydrology altered for a failed real-estate development. We conducted 11 surveys in 2006, spanning the cold, dry season and warm, wet season. To examine short-term and seasonal changes in distribution we flew paired surveys 1–2 days apart within a given month during the year. Manatees were sparsely distributed across the landscape in small groups. Probability of detection of a group increased with group size; the magnitude of the relationship between group size and detection probability varied among surveys. Probability of detection of individual manatees within a group also differed among surveys, ranging from a low of 0.27 on 11 January to a high of 0.73 on 8 August. During winter surveys, abundance was always higher inland at Port of the Islands (POI), a manatee warm-water aggregation site, than in the other habitat types. During warm-season surveys, highest abundances were estimated in offshore habitat where manatees forage on seagrass. Manatees continued to use POI in summer, but in lower numbers than in winter, possibly to drink freshwater. Abundance in other inland systems and inshore bays was low compared to POI in winter and summer, possibly because of low availability of freshwater. During cold weather, maps of patch abundance of paired surveys showed daily changes in manatee distribution associated with rapid changes in air and water temperature as manatees sought warm water with falling temperatures and seagrass areas with increasing temperatures. Within a habitat type, some patches had higher manatee abundance suggesting differences in quality, possibly due to freshwater flow. If hydrological restoration alters the location of quality habitat, postrestoration comparisons using our methods will document how manatees adjust to new resources, providing managers with information on spatial needs for further monitoring or management. Total abundance for the entire area was similar among survey dates. Credible intervals however were large on a few surveys, and may limit our ability to statistically detect trends in total abundance. Additional modeling of abundance with time- and patch-specific covariates of salinity, water temperature, and seagrass abundance will directly link manatee abundance with physical and biological changes due to restoration and should decrease uncertainty of estimates</p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.41","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Langtimm, C.A., Dorazio, R., Stith, B., and Doyle, T., 2011, New aerial survey and hierarchical model to estimate manatee abundance: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 75, no. 2, p. 399-412, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.41.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"399","endPage":"412","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245407,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217457,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.41"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Ten Thousand Islands","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -81.76986694335938,\n              25.81101826700782\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.45263671875,\n              25.81101826700782\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.45263671875,\n              26.061717616104055\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.76986694335938,\n              26.061717616104055\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.76986694335938,\n              25.81101826700782\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"75","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6550e4b0c8380cd72b68","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langtimm, Catherine A. 0000-0001-8499-5743 clangtimm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8499-5743","contributorId":3045,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langtimm","given":"Catherine","email":"clangtimm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dorazio, Robert 0000-0003-2663-0468 bob_dorazio@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2663-0468","contributorId":172151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorazio","given":"Robert","email":"bob_dorazio@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5051,"text":"FLWSC-Orlando","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stith, B.M.","contributorId":53741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stith","given":"B.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Doyle, T.J.","contributorId":103489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doyle","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70036815,"text":"70036815 - 2011 - An observation of a partially albinistic zenaida macroura (Mourning Dove)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:58","indexId":"70036815","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3444,"text":"Southeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An observation of a partially albinistic zenaida macroura (Mourning Dove)","docAbstract":"Abstract Three of the 4 forms of albinism that occur in avifauna have been detected in Zenaida macroura (Mourning Dove). Albinism is rare in this species, and the incidence rate of each age and sex cohort is not well known. Consequently, we examined the pigmentation of Mourning Doves encountered in the Coastal Plain of South Carolina, and classified the age and sex of all individuals. One adult male Mourning Dove had unusually light coloration of some feathers and the upper mandible. This pigmentation is consistent with partial albinism. This was the only individual out of 10,749 examined that appeared to be albinistic. This low incidence rate of albinism supports the conclusion that this condition is relatively rare in Mourning Doves (Mirarchi 1993).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Southeastern Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1656/058.010.0117","issn":"15287092","usgsCitation":"Berdeen, J., and Otis, D.L., 2011, An observation of a partially albinistic zenaida macroura (Mourning Dove): Southeastern Naturalist, v. 10, no. 1, p. 185-188, https://doi.org/10.1656/058.010.0117.","startPage":"185","endPage":"188","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217885,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1656/058.010.0117"},{"id":245858,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea95e4b0c8380cd4896d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berdeen, James","contributorId":54319,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Berdeen","given":"James","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6964,"text":"Minnesota Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":457976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Otis, David L.","contributorId":64396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Otis","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70036811,"text":"70036811 - 2011 - Compensatory effects of recruitment and survival when amphibian populations are perturbed by disease","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-18T19:43:14.838268","indexId":"70036811","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Compensatory effects of recruitment and survival when amphibian populations are perturbed by disease","docAbstract":"<p><span>The need to increase our understanding of factors that regulate animal population dynamics has been catalysed by recent, observed declines in wildlife populations worldwide. Reliable estimates of demographic parameters are critical for addressing basic and applied ecological questions and understanding the response of parameters to perturbations (e.g. disease, habitat loss, climate change). However, to fully assess the impact of perturbation on population dynamics, all parameters contributing to the response of the target population must be estimated.</span></p><p><span>We applied the reverse‐time model of Pradel in Program&nbsp;<span class=\"smallCaps\">mark</span>&nbsp;to 6 years of capture–recapture data from two populations of&nbsp;<i>Anaxyrus boreas</i>&nbsp;(boreal toad) populations, one with disease and one without. We then assessed a priori hypotheses about differences in survival and recruitment relative to local environmental conditions and the presence of disease.</span></p><p><span>We further explored the relative contribution of survival probability and recruitment rate to population growth and investigated how shifts in these parameters can alter population dynamics when a population is perturbed.</span></p><p><span>&nbsp;High recruitment rates (0·41) are probably compensating for low survival probability (range 0·51–0·54) in the population challenged by an emerging pathogen, resulting in a relatively slow rate of decline. In contrast, the population with no evidence of disease had high survival probability (range 0·75–0·78) but lower recruitment rates (0·25).</span></p><p><span><i>Synthesis and applications.</i>&nbsp;We suggest that the relationship between survival and recruitment may be compensatory, providing evidence that populations challenged with disease are not necessarily doomed to extinction. A better understanding of these interactions may help to explain, and be used to predict, population regulation and persistence for wildlife threatened with disease. Further, reliable estimates of population parameters such as recruitment and survival can guide the formulation and implementation of conservation actions such as repatriations or habitat management aimed to improve recruitment.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"British Ecological Society","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2664.2011.02005.x","issn":"00218901","usgsCitation":"Muths, E., Scherer, R.D., and Pilliod, D., 2011, Compensatory effects of recruitment and survival when amphibian populations are perturbed by disease: Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 48, no. 4, p. 873-879, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2011.02005.x.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"873","endPage":"879","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487198,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2011.02005.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245798,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217826,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2011.02005.x"}],"volume":"48","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f8c8e4b0c8380cd4d2c3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muths, E.","contributorId":6394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muths","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scherer, R. D.","contributorId":8061,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scherer","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6674,"text":"Department of Integrative Biology, University of Colorado Denver","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":457961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pilliod, D. S.","contributorId":45259,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pilliod","given":"D. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70036810,"text":"70036810 - 2011 - Role of origin and release location in pre-spawning distribution and movements of anadromous alewife","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-21T13:12:13","indexId":"70036810","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1659,"text":"Fisheries Management and Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Role of origin and release location in pre-spawning distribution and movements of anadromous alewife","docAbstract":"<p><span>Capturing adult anadromous fish that are ready to spawn from a self sustaining population and transferring them into a depleted system is a common fisheries enhancement tool. The behaviour of these transplanted fish, however, has not been fully evaluated. The movements of stocked and native anadromous alewife,<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">&nbsp;</span></span><i>Alosa pseudoharengus</i><span><span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">&nbsp;</span>(Wilson), were monitored in the Ipswich River, Massachusetts, USA, to provide a scientific basis for this management tool. Radiotelemetry was used to examine the effect of origin (native or stocked) and release location (upstream or downstream) on distribution and movement during the spawning migration. Native fish remained in the river longer than stocked fish regardless of release location. Release location and origin influenced where fish spent time and how they moved. The spatial mosaic of available habitats and the entire trajectory of freshwater movements should be considered to restore effectively spawners that traverse tens of kilometres within coastal rivers.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd.","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2400.2010.00759.x","issn":"0969997X","usgsCitation":"Frank, H.J., Mather, M.E., Smith, J.M., Muth, R.M., and Finn, J.T., 2011, Role of origin and release location in pre-spawning distribution and movements of anadromous alewife: Fisheries Management and Ecology, v. 18, no. 1, p. 12-24, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2400.2010.00759.x.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"12","endPage":"24","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245797,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217825,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2400.2010.00759.x"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Ipswich River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -70.79349517822266,\n              42.69808125234982\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.78740119934082,\n              42.69189908749481\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.82293510437012,\n              42.680668683402054\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.83392143249512,\n              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E.","contributorId":71708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mather","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Joseph M.","contributorId":106712,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17855,"text":"School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":6932,"text":"University of Massachusetts, Amherst","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":457959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Muth, Robert M.","contributorId":41682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muth","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Finn, John T.","contributorId":78302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finn","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70194337,"text":"70194337 - 2011 - Young (<7 Ma) gold deposits and active geothermal systems of the Great Basin:  Enigmas, questions, and exploration potential","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-30T13:05:30","indexId":"70194337","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Young (<7 Ma) gold deposits and active geothermal systems of the Great Basin:  Enigmas, questions, and exploration potential","docAbstract":"<p>Young gold systems in the Great Basin (£ 7 Ma), though not as well studied as their older counterparts, comprise a rapidly growing and in some ways controversial group. The gold inventory for these systems has more than doubled in the last 5 years from roughly 370 tonnes (12 Moz) to 890 tonnes (29 Moz). Although these deposits are characterized by low grades, tonnages can be high and stripping ratios low, and they have been mined profitably, as exemplified by Florida Canyon and Hycroft. Active geothermal systems in the Great Basin also comprise a rapidly growing group, as evidenced by a number of recent discoveries of geothermal groundwater and a more than 50% increase in electricity production capacity from these systems in the last 5 years. </p><p>Many young gold deposits are closely associated with active geothermal systems, suggesting that gold deposits may be forming today in the Great Basin. Measured or estimated geothermal reservoir temperatures commonly approach or exceed 200∞C, and other characteristics and processes (advanced argillic caps, hydrothermal eruption breccias) of these young deposits resemble those of nearby Tertiary precious metal deposits. Nonetheless, many young gold systems, especially in Nevada, are not associated with coeval igneous rocks. Similarly, almost all electricity-grade geothermal systems in Nevada are not associated with Quaternary silicic volcanic rocks, and have lower temperature gradients, lower 3He/4He ratios, and lower dissolved trace element concentrations than most magmatic-heated geothermal systems elsewhere in the world. </p><p>The increasing economic significance of young gold deposits and active geothermal systems justifies more research to better understand their origins, particularly because in some aspects they remain enigmatic and controversial. Are young gold deposits in Nevada truly amagmatic, or have they received metal and fluid contributions from magmas deeper within the crust? Has gold in these deposits been remobilized from older gold mineralization? Current research is investigating these and other questions to improve our genetic understanding of these young gold systems, which in turn can lead to improved exploration targeting. </p><p>The recent rapid growth in resources for both young gold deposits and geothermal systems underscores their underdeveloped exploration potential. Even though many young gold deposits exhibit relatively shallow hot-springs-style mineralization, their young age may preclude exposure by erosion. Uplift along active normal faults has exposed some deposits (e.g., Florida Canyon, Dixie Comstock, Wind Mountain), but in other areas, such as the Walker Lane, where strike-slip faulting is prevalent, the opportunities for exposure can be limited. Many active geothermal systems are also concealed below the surface in that hot springs or steam vents may be absent above areas of thermal groundwater.</p><p>With sources of energy to support mine production becoming more problematic, the potential advantages of simultaneously exploring for young gold deposits and spatially associated geothermal systems are becoming more apparent. Exploration methods recently proven effective in geothermal exploration that can be adapted to gold exploration include temperature surveys, hyperspectral remote sensing, geophysical surveys, water analyses, and detailed mapping of geothermal-related features and related fault systems.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society of Nevada Symposium 2010: Great Basin Evolution and Metallogeny","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Geological Society of Nevada Symposium 2010: Great Basin Evolution and Metallogeny","conferenceDate":"May 14-22, 2010","conferenceLocation":"Reno, NV","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of Nevada","usgsCitation":"Coolbaugh, M.F., Vikre, P., and Faulds, J., 2011, Young (<7 Ma) gold deposits and active geothermal systems of the Great Basin:  Enigmas, questions, and exploration potential, <i>in</i> Geological Society of Nevada Symposium 2010: Great Basin Evolution and Metallogeny, Reno, NV, May 14-22, 2010, p. 845-859.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"845","endPage":"859","ipdsId":"IP-022789","costCenters":[{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350792,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.atlasgeoinc.com/services/geothermal-exploration-and-assessment/geology/"},{"id":350793,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a719270e4b0a9a2e9dbde1c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coolbaugh, Mark F.","contributorId":193870,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coolbaugh","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vikre, Peter G. pvikre@usgs.gov","contributorId":1800,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vikre","given":"Peter G.","email":"pvikre@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":726188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Faulds, James E.","contributorId":184258,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Faulds","given":"James E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70036727,"text":"70036727 - 2011 - Spread of plague among black-tailed prairie dogs is associated with colony spatial characteristics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-28T12:40:59.621458","indexId":"70036727","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spread of plague among black-tailed prairie dogs is associated with colony spatial characteristics","docAbstract":"<p><span>Sylvatic plague (</span><i>Yersinia pestis</i><span>) is an exotic pathogen that is highly virulent in black‐tailed prairie dogs (</span><i>Cynomys ludovicianus</i><span>) and causes widespread colony losses and individual mortality rates &gt;95%. We investigated colony spatial characteristics that may influence inter‐colony transmission of plague at 3 prairie dog colony complexes in the Great Plains. The 4 spatial characteristics we considered include: colony size, Euclidean distance to nearest neighboring colony, colony proximity index, and distance to nearest drainage (dispersal) corridor. We used multi‐state mark–recapture models to determine the relationship between these colony characteristics and probability of plague transmission among prairie dog colonies. Annual mapping of colonies and mark–recapture analyses of disease dynamics in natural colonies led to 4 main results: 1) plague outbreaks exhibited high spatial and temporal variation, 2) the site of initiation of epizootic plague may have substantially influenced the subsequent inter‐colony spread of plague, 3) the long‐term effect of plague on individual colonies differed among sites because of how individuals and colonies were distributed, and 4) colony spatial characteristics were related to the probability of infection at all sites although the relative importance and direction of relationships varied among sites. Our findings suggest that conventional prairie dog conservation management strategies, including promoting large, highly connected colonies, may need to be altered in the presence of plague.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.40","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Johnson, T.L., Cully, J., Collinge, S., Ray, C., Frey, C., and Sandercock, B.K., 2011, Spread of plague among black-tailed prairie dogs is associated with colony spatial characteristics: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 75, no. 2, p. 357-368, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.40.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"357","endPage":"368","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245429,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217478,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.40"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Oklahoma, Texas, Kansas, New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Cimarron National Grassland, Carizo Unit of the Comanche National Grassland, Kiowa‐Rita Blanca National Grasslands","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -103.84277343749999,\n              35.85343961959182\n            ],\n            [\n              -100.0634765625,\n              35.85343961959182\n            ],\n            [\n              -100.0634765625,\n              37.64903402157866\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.84277343749999,\n              37.64903402157866\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.84277343749999,\n              35.85343961959182\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"75","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b960de4b08c986b31b27f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, T. L.","contributorId":91062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cully, J.F. Jr.","contributorId":51041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cully","given":"J.F.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Collinge, S.K.","contributorId":58832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collinge","given":"S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ray, C.","contributorId":40758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ray","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Frey, C.M.","contributorId":22995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frey","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sandercock, B. 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,{"id":70037024,"text":"70037024 - 2011 - Predicting carnivore occurrence with noninvasive surveys and occupancy modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-18T13:12:41","indexId":"70037024","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2602,"text":"Landscape Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting carnivore occurrence with noninvasive surveys and occupancy modeling","docAbstract":"<p><span>Terrestrial carnivores typically have large home ranges and exist at low population densities, thus presenting challenges to wildlife researchers. We employed multiple, noninvasive survey methods&mdash;scat detection dogs, remote cameras, and hair snares&mdash;to collect detection&ndash;nondetection data for elusive American black bears (</span><i class=\"a-plus-plus\">Ursus americanus</i><span>), fishers (</span><i class=\"a-plus-plus\">Martes pennanti)</i><span>, and bobcats (</span><i class=\"a-plus-plus\">Lynx rufus</i><span>) throughout the rugged Vermont landscape. We analyzed these data using occupancy modeling that explicitly incorporated detectability as well as habitat and landscape variables. For black bears, percentage of forested land within 5&nbsp;km of survey sites was an important positive predictor of occupancy, and percentage of human developed land within 5&nbsp;km was a negative predictor. Although the relationship was less clear for bobcats, occupancy appeared positively related to the percentage of both mixed forest and forested wetland habitat within 1&nbsp;km of survey sites. The relationship between specific covariates and fisher occupancy was unclear, with no specific habitat or landscape variables directly related to occupancy. For all species, we used model averaging to predict occurrence across the study area. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses of our black bear and fisher models suggested that occupancy modeling efforts with data from noninvasive surveys could be useful for carnivore conservation and management, as they provide insights into habitat use at the regional and landscape scale without requiring capture or direct observation of study species.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10980-010-9547-1","issn":"09212973","usgsCitation":"Long, R.A., Donovan, T., MacKay, P., Zielinski, W.J., and Buzas, J.S., 2011, Predicting carnivore occurrence with noninvasive surveys and occupancy modeling: Landscape Ecology, v. 26, no. 3, p. 327-340, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-010-9547-1.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"327","endPage":"340","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-013148","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit 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A.","contributorId":11732,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Long","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13253,"text":"University of Vermont","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":459024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Donovan, Therese M. tdonovan@usgs.gov","contributorId":2653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donovan","given":"Therese M.","email":"tdonovan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":459028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"MacKay, Paula","contributorId":37042,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"MacKay","given":"Paula","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13253,"text":"University of Vermont","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":459026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zielinski, William J.","contributorId":35440,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zielinski","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Buzas, Jeffrey S.","contributorId":86080,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buzas","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70036809,"text":"70036809 - 2011 - Seismic hazard and risk assessments for Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan, China, area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-21T13:24:44.333312","indexId":"70036809","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3208,"text":"Pure and Applied Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic hazard and risk assessments for Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan, China, area","docAbstract":"<p><span>Seismic hazard and risk in the Beijing–Tianjin–Tangshan, China, area were estimated from 500-year intensity observations. First, we digitized the intensity observations (maps) using ArcGIS with a cell size of 0.1&nbsp;×&nbsp;0.1°. Second, we performed a statistical analysis on the digitized intensity data, determined an average&nbsp;</span><i>b</i><span>&nbsp;value (0.39), and derived the intensity–frequency relationship (hazard curve) for each cell. Finally, based on a Poisson model for earthquake occurrence, we calculated seismic risk in terms of a probability of&nbsp;</span><i>I</i><span>&nbsp;≥&nbsp;7, 8, or 9 in 50&nbsp;years. We also calculated the corresponding 10 percent probability of exceedance of these intensities in 50&nbsp;years. The advantages of assessing seismic hazard and risk from intensity records are that (1) fewer assumptions (i.e., earthquake source and ground motion attenuation) are made, and (2) site-effect is included. Our study shows that the area has high seismic hazard and risk. Our study also suggests that current design peak ground acceleration or intensity for the area may not be adequate.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00024-010-0115-z","issn":"00334553","usgsCitation":"Xie, F., Wang, Z., and Liu, J., 2011, Seismic hazard and risk assessments for Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan, China, area: Pure and Applied Geophysics, v. 168, no. 3-4, p. 731-738, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-010-0115-z.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"731","endPage":"738","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245768,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"China","otherGeospatial":"North China Plain","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              113.6865234375,\n              37.75334401310656\n            ],\n            [\n              119.06982421874999,\n              37.75334401310656\n            ],\n            [\n              119.06982421874999,\n              41.343824581185686\n            ],\n            [\n              113.6865234375,\n              41.343824581185686\n            ],\n            [\n              113.6865234375,\n              37.75334401310656\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"168","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-03-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8ae0e4b08c986b317430","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Xie, F.","contributorId":34755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xie","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wang, Z.","contributorId":67976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Liu, J.","contributorId":23672,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70036726,"text":"70036726 - 2011 - USGS 1-min Dst index","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-23T18:02:00.467371","indexId":"70036726","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2187,"text":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"USGS 1-min Dst index","docAbstract":"<p>W<span>e produce a 1-min time resolution storm-time disturbance index, the USGS Dst, called&nbsp;</span><i>Dst</i><sup>8507-4<i>SM</i></sup><span>. This index is based on minute resolution horizontal magnetic field intensity from low-latitude observatories in Honolulu, Kakioka, San Juan and Hermanus, for the years 1985–2007. The method used to produce the index uses a combination of time- and frequency-domain techniques, which more clearly identifies and excises solar-quiet variation from the horizontal intensity time series of an individual station than the strictly time-domain method used in the Kyoto Dst index. The USGS 1-min Dst is compared against the Kyoto Dst, Kyoto Sym-H, and the USGS 1-h Dst (</span><i>Dst</i><sup>5807-4<i>SH</i></sup><span>). In a time series comparison, Sym-H is found to produce more extreme values during both sudden impulses and main phase maximum deviation, possibly due to the latitude of its contributing observatories. Both Kyoto indices are shown to have a peak in their distributions below zero, while the USGS indices have a peak near zero. The USGS 1-min Dst is shown to have the higher time resolution benefits of Sym-H, while using the more typical low-latitude observatories of Kyoto Dst.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2010.02.013","issn":"13646826","usgsCitation":"Gannon, J., and Love, J.J., 2011, USGS 1-min Dst index: Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, v. 73, no. 2-3, p. 323-334, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2010.02.013.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"323","endPage":"334","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245402,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217452,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2010.02.013"}],"volume":"73","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbb85e4b08c986b328697","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gannon, J.L.","contributorId":78275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gannon","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Love, Jeffrey J. 0000-0002-3324-0348 jlove@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3324-0348","contributorId":760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Love","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jlove@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70036930,"text":"70036930 - 2011 - Mapping the Philippines' mangrove forests using Landsat imagery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-06T13:28:33","indexId":"70036930","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3380,"text":"Sensors","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping the Philippines' mangrove forests using Landsat imagery","docAbstract":"<p><span>Current, accurate, and reliable information on the areal extent and spatial distribution of mangrove forests in the Philippines is limited. Previous estimates of mangrove extent do not illustrate the spatial distribution for the entire country. This study, part of a global assessment of mangrove dynamics, mapped the spatial distribution and areal extent of the Philippines’ mangroves circa 2000. We used publicly available Landsat data acquired primarily from the Global Land Survey to map the total extent and spatial distribution. ISODATA clustering, an unsupervised classification technique, was applied to 61 Landsat images. Statistical analysis indicates the total area of mangrove forest cover was approximately 256,185 hectares circa 2000 with overall classification accuracy of 96.6% and a kappa coefficient of 0.926. These results differ substantially from most recent estimates of mangrove area in the Philippines. The results of this study may assist the decision making processes for rehabilitation and conservation efforts that are currently needed to protect and restore the Philippines’ degraded mangrove forests. </span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/s110302972","issn":"14248220","usgsCitation":"Long, J., and Giri, C., 2011, Mapping the Philippines' mangrove forests using Landsat imagery: Sensors, v. 11, no. 3, p. 2972-2981, https://doi.org/10.3390/s110302972.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"2972","endPage":"2981","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475281,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s110302972","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245806,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217834,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s110302972"}],"volume":"11","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a507be4b0c8380cd6b6fa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Long, Jordan 0000-0002-4814-464X jlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4814-464X","contributorId":3609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"Jordan","email":"jlong@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Giri, Chandra cgiri@usgs.gov","contributorId":189128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giri","given":"Chandra","email":"cgiri@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70036638,"text":"70036638 - 2011 - Modal-pushover-based ground-motion scaling procedure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-04T09:49:37","indexId":"70036638","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2467,"text":"Journal of Structural Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modal-pushover-based ground-motion scaling procedure","docAbstract":"Earthquake engineering is increasingly using nonlinear response history analysis (RHA) to demonstrate the performance of structures. This rigorous method of analysis requires selection and scaling of ground motions appropriate to design hazard levels. This paper presents a modal-pushover-based scaling (MPS) procedure to scale ground motions for use in a nonlinear RHA of buildings. In the MPS method, the ground motions are scaled to match to a specified tolerance, a target value of the inelastic deformation of the first-mode inelastic single-degree-of-freedom (SDF) system whose properties are determined by the first-mode pushover analysis. Appropriate for first-mode dominated structures, this approach is extended for structures with significant contributions of higher modes by considering elastic deformation of second-mode SDF systems in selecting a subset of the scaled ground motions. Based on results presented for three actual buildings-4, 6, and 13-story-the accuracy and efficiency of the MPS procedure are established and its superiority over the ASCE/SEI 7-05 scaling procedure is demonstrated.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Structural Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000308","issn":"07339445","usgsCitation":"Kalkan, E., and Chopra, A.K., 2011, Modal-pushover-based ground-motion scaling procedure: Journal of Structural Engineering, v. 137, no. 3, p. 298-310, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000308.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"298","endPage":"310","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":217528,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000308"},{"id":245481,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"137","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5b9de4b0c8380cd6f6a7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kalkan, Erol 0000-0002-9138-9407 ekalkan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9138-9407","contributorId":1218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kalkan","given":"Erol","email":"ekalkan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chopra, Anil K.","contributorId":79202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chopra","given":"Anil","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70036641,"text":"70036641 - 2011 - Spatiotemporal earthquake clusters along the North Anatolian fault zone offshore Istanbul","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-29T17:40:52.557469","indexId":"70036641","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatiotemporal earthquake clusters along the North Anatolian fault zone offshore Istanbul","docAbstract":"<p><span>We investigate earthquakes with similar waveforms in order to characterize spatiotemporal microseismicity clusters within the North Anatolian fault zone (NAFZ) in northwest Turkey along the transition between the 1999 İzmit rupture zone and the Marmara Sea seismic gap. Earthquakes within distinct activity clusters are relocated with cross-correlation derived relative travel times using the double-difference method. The spatiotemporal distribution of microearthquakes within individual clusters is resolved with relative location accuracy comparable to or better than the source size. High-precision relative hypocenters define the geometry of individual fault patches, permitting a better understanding of fault kinematics and their role in local-scale seismotectonics along the region of interest. Temporal seismic sequences observed in the eastern Sea of Marmara region suggest progressive failure of mostly nonoverlapping areas on adjacent fault patches and systematic migration of microearthquakes within clusters during the progressive failure of neighboring fault patches. The temporal distributions of magnitudes as well as the number of events follow swarmlike behavior rather than a mainshock/aftershock pattern.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120100215","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Bulut, F., Ellsworth, W.L., Bohnhoff, M., Aktar, M., and Dresen, G., 2011, Spatiotemporal earthquake clusters along the North Anatolian fault zone offshore Istanbul: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 101, no. 4, p. 1759-1768, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120100215.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1759","endPage":"1768","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245543,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217589,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120100215"}],"country":"Turkey","city":"Istanbul","otherGeospatial":"North Anatolian Fault Zone","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              28.92219543457031,\n              40.990264773996884\n            ],\n            [\n              28.92219543457031,\n              41.02601739368269\n            ],\n            [\n              29.012145996093746,\n              41.02601739368269\n            ],\n            [\n              29.012145996093746,\n              40.990264773996884\n            ],\n            [\n              28.92219543457031,\n              40.990264773996884\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"101","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b94cce4b08c986b31ac56","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bulut, Fatih","contributorId":64921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bulut","given":"Fatih","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ellsworth, William L. ellsworth@usgs.gov","contributorId":787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellsworth","given":"William","email":"ellsworth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bohnhoff, Marco","contributorId":102718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohnhoff","given":"Marco","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Aktar, Mustafa","contributorId":94529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aktar","given":"Mustafa","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dresen, Georg","contributorId":103500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dresen","given":"Georg","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70036642,"text":"70036642 - 2011 - Evidence of segregated spawning in a single marine fish stock: Sympatric divergence of ecotypes in icelandic cod?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-29T17:26:58.948781","indexId":"70036642","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence of segregated spawning in a single marine fish stock: Sympatric divergence of ecotypes in icelandic cod?","docAbstract":"<p><span>There is increasing recognition of intraspecific diversity and population structure within marine fish species, yet there is little direct evidence of the isolating mechanisms that maintain it or documentation of its ecological extent. We analyzed depth and temperature histories collected by electronic data storage tags retrieved from 104 Atlantic cod at liberty ≥1 year to evaluate a possible isolating mechanisms maintaining population structure within the Icelandic cod stock. This stock consists of two distinct behavioral types, resident coastal cod and migratory frontal cod, each occurring within two geographically distinct populations. Despite being captured together on the same spawning grounds, we show the behavioral types seem reproductively isolated by fine-scale differences in spawning habitat selection, primarily depth. Additionally, the different groups occupied distinct seasonal thermal and bathymetric niches that generally demonstrated low levels of overlap throughout the year. Our results indicate that isolating mechanisms, such as differential habitat selection during spawning, might contribute to maintaining diversity and fine-scale population structure in broadcast-spawning marine fishes</span></p>","largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","language":"English","publisher":"PLoS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0017528","issn":"19326203","usgsCitation":"Grabowski, T., Thorsteinsson, V., McAdam, B., and Marteinsdottir, G., 2011, Evidence of segregated spawning in a single marine fish stock: Sympatric divergence of ecotypes in icelandic cod?: PLoS ONE, v. 6, no. 3, e17528, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0017528.","productDescription":"e17528, 9 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475194,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0017528","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245544,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217590,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0017528"}],"country":"Iceland","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-14.5087,66.45589],[-14.73964,65.80875],[-13.60973,65.12667],[-14.90983,64.36408],[-17.79444,63.67875],[-18.65625,63.49638],[-19.97275,63.64363],[-22.76297,63.96018],[-21.77848,64.40212],[-23.95504,64.89113],[-22.1844,65.08497],[-22.22742,65.37859],[-24.32618,65.61119],[-23.65051,66.26252],[-22.13492,66.41047],[-20.57628,65.73211],[-19.05684,66.2766],[-17.79862,65.99385],[-16.16782,66.52679],[-14.5087,66.45589]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Iceland\"}}]}","volume":"6","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d6be4b0c8380cd52fe4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grabowski, T.B.","contributorId":48362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grabowski","given":"T.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thorsteinsson, Vilhjalmur","contributorId":49215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorsteinsson","given":"Vilhjalmur","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McAdam, B.J.","contributorId":44392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McAdam","given":"B.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Marteinsdottir, G.","contributorId":44768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marteinsdottir","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70036959,"text":"70036959 - 2011 - Cytochrome P4501A biomarker indication of the timeline of chronic exposure of Barrow’s goldeneyes to residual Exxon Valdez oil","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-29T11:00:40","indexId":"70036959","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2676,"text":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Cytochrome P4501A biomarker indication of the timeline of chronic exposure of Barrow’s goldeneyes to residual <i>Exxon Valdez</i> oil","title":"Cytochrome P4501A biomarker indication of the timeline of chronic exposure of Barrow’s goldeneyes to residual Exxon Valdez oil","docAbstract":"<p><span>We examined hepatic EROD activity, as an indicator of CYP1A induction, in Barrow’s goldeneyes captured in areas oiled during the 1989&nbsp;</span><i>Exxon Valdez</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>spill and those from nearby unoiled areas. We found that average EROD activity differed between areas during 2005, although the magnitude of the difference was reduced relative to a previous study from 1996/1997, and we found that areas did not differ by 2009. Similarly, we found that the proportion of individuals captured from oiled areas with elevated EROD activity (⩾2 times unoiled average) declined from 41% in winter 1996/1997 to 10% in 2005 and 15% in 2009. This work adds to a body of literature describing the timelines over which vertebrates were exposed to residual<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>Exxon Valdez</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>oil and indicates that, for Barrow’s goldeneyes in Prince William Sound, exposure persisted for many years with evidence of substantially reduced exposure by 2 decades after the spill.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.11.015","usgsCitation":"Esler, D., Ballachey, B.E., Trust, K.A., Iverson, S.A., Reed, J.A., Miles, A.K., Henderson, J.D., Woodin, B.R., Stegeman, J.J., McAdie, M., Mulcahy, D.M., and Wilson, B.W., 2011, Cytochrome P4501A biomarker indication of the timeline of chronic exposure of Barrow’s goldeneyes to residual Exxon Valdez oil: Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 62, no. 3, p. 609-614, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.11.015.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"609","endPage":"614","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475288,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/4529","text":"External Repository"},{"id":245838,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","volume":"62","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fd2ce4b0c8380cd4e693","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Esler, Daniel 0000-0001-5501-4555 desler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5501-4555","contributorId":5465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esler","given":"Daniel","email":"desler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":12437,"text":"Simon Fraser University, Centre for Wildlife Ecology","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ballachey, Brenda E. 0000-0003-1855-9171 bballachey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1855-9171","contributorId":2966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ballachey","given":"Brenda","email":"bballachey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Trust, Kimberly A.","contributorId":42503,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Trust","given":"Kimberly","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":458681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Iverson, Samuel A.","contributorId":52308,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Iverson","given":"Samuel","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12437,"text":"Simon Fraser University, Centre for Wildlife Ecology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":458671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Reed, John A. 0000-0002-3239-6906 jareed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3239-6906","contributorId":127683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"John","email":"jareed@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Miles, A. Keith 0000-0002-3108-808X keith_miles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3108-808X","contributorId":196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miles","given":"A.","email":"keith_miles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Keith","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Henderson, John D.","contributorId":94632,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Henderson","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":7214,"text":"University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":458677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Woodin, Bruce R.","contributorId":96632,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woodin","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6706,"text":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution,","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":458679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Stegeman, John J.","contributorId":55102,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stegeman","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6706,"text":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution,","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":458676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"McAdie, Malcolm","contributorId":14757,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McAdie","given":"Malcolm","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Mulcahy, Daniel M. dmulcahy@usgs.gov","contributorId":3102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mulcahy","given":"Daniel","email":"dmulcahy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Wilson, Barry W.","contributorId":59395,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"Barry","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":7214,"text":"University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":458672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70036668,"text":"70036668 - 2011 - Rating curve estimation of nutrient loads in Iowa rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-29T17:00:30.039285","indexId":"70036668","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rating curve estimation of nutrient loads in Iowa rivers","docAbstract":"<p><span>Accurate estimation of nutrient loads in rivers and streams is critical for many applications including determination of sources of nutrient loads in watersheds, evaluating long-term trends in loads, and estimating loading to downstream waterbodies. Since in many cases nutrient concentrations are measured on a weekly or monthly frequency, there is a need to estimate concentration and loads during periods when no data is available. The objectives of this study were to: (i) document the performance of a multiple regression model to predict loads of nitrate and total phosphorus (TP) in Iowa rivers and streams; (ii) determine whether there is any systematic bias in the load prediction estimates for nitrate and TP; and (iii) evaluate&nbsp;streamflow&nbsp;and concentration factors that could affect the load prediction efficiency. A commonly cited rating curve regression is utilized to estimate riverine nitrate and TP loads for rivers in Iowa with watershed areas ranging from 17.4 to over 34,600</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>km</span><sup>2</sup><span>. Forty-nine nitrate and 44 TP datasets each comprising 5–22</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>years of approximately weekly to monthly concentrations were examined. Three nitrate data sets had sample collection frequencies averaging about three samples per week. The accuracy and precision of annual and long term riverine load prediction was assessed by direct comparison of rating curve load predictions with observed daily loads. Significant positive bias of annual and long term nitrate loads was detected. Long term rating curve nitrate load predictions exceeded observed loads by 25% or more at 33% of the 49 measurement sites. No bias was found for TP load prediction although 15% of the 44 cases either underestimated or overestimate observed long-term loads by more than 25%. The rating curve was found to poorly characterize nitrate and phosphorus variation in some rivers.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2010.11.006","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Stenback, G., Crumpton, W., Schilling, K.E., and Helmers, M., 2011, Rating curve estimation of nutrient loads in Iowa rivers: Journal of Hydrology, v. 396, no. 1-2, p. 158-169, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2010.11.006.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"158","endPage":"169","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245483,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217530,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2010.11.006"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","otherGeospatial":"Iowa River 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E.","contributorId":61982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schilling","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Helmers, M.J.","contributorId":89380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helmers","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70036702,"text":"70036702 - 2011 - Efficacy of monitoring and empirical predictive modeling at improving public health protection at Chicago beaches","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-30T20:38:21","indexId":"70036702","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3716,"text":"Water Research","onlineIssn":"1879-2448","printIssn":"0043-1354","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Efficacy of monitoring and empirical predictive modeling at improving public health protection at Chicago beaches","docAbstract":"Efforts to improve public health protection in recreational swimming waters have focused on obtaining real-time estimates of water quality. Current monitoring techniques rely on the time-intensive culturing of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) from water samples, but rapidly changing FIB concentrations result in management errors that lead to the public being exposed to high FIB concentrations (type II error) or beaches being closed despite acceptable water quality (type I error). Empirical predictive models may provide a rapid solution, but their effectiveness at improving health protection has not been adequately assessed. We sought to determine if emerging monitoring approaches could effectively reduce risk of illness exposure by minimizing management errors. We examined four monitoring approaches (inactive, current protocol, a single predictive model for all beaches, and individual models for each beach) with increasing refinement at 14 Chicago beaches using historical monitoring and hydrometeorological data and compared management outcomes using different standards for decision-making. Predictability (R<sup>2</sup>) of FIB concentration improved with model refinement at all beaches but one. Predictive models did not always reduce the number of management errors and therefore the overall illness burden. Use of a Chicago-specific single-sample standard-rather than the default 235 <i>E. coli</i> CFU/100 ml widely used-together with predictive modeling resulted in the greatest number of open beach days without any increase in public health risk. These results emphasize that emerging monitoring approaches such as empirical models are not equally applicable at all beaches, and combining monitoring approaches may expand beach access.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2010.12.010","issn":"00431354","usgsCitation":"Nevers, M.B., and Whitman, R.L., 2011, Efficacy of monitoring and empirical predictive modeling at improving public health protection at Chicago beaches: Water Research, v. 45, no. 4, p. 1659-1668, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2010.12.010.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1659","endPage":"1668","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":217564,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2010.12.010"},{"id":245517,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0861e4b0c8380cd51ac9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nevers, Meredith B.","contributorId":91803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nevers","given":"Meredith","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whitman, Richard L. rwhitman@usgs.gov","contributorId":542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitman","given":"Richard","email":"rwhitman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70036700,"text":"70036700 - 2011 - Regional spectral analysis of three moderate earthquakes in Northeastern North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-18T10:20:08","indexId":"70036700","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regional spectral analysis of three moderate earthquakes in Northeastern North America","docAbstract":"We analyze Fourier spectra obtained from the horizontal components of broadband and accelerogram data from the 1997 Cap-Rouge, the 2002 Ausable Forks, and the 2005 Rivière-du-Loup earthquakes, recorded by Canadian and American stations sited on rock at hypocentral distances from 23 to 602 km. We check the recorded spectra closely for anomalies that might result from site resonance or source effects. We use Beresnev and Atkinson’s (1997) near-surface velocity structures and Boore and Joyner’s (1997) quarter-wave method to estimate site response at hard- and soft-rock sites. We revise the Street <i>et al.</i> (1975) model for geometrical spreading, adopting a crossover distance of r<sub>o</sub>=50 km instead of 100 km. We obtain an average attenuation of <i>Q</i>=410±25f<sup>0.50±0.03</sup> for <i>S+L<sub>g</sub></i>+surface waves with ray paths in the Appalachian and southeastern Grenville Provinces. We correct the recorded spectra for attenuation and site response to estimate source spectral shape and radiated energy for these three earthquakes and the 1988 <b>M</b> 5.8 Saguenay earthquake. The Brune stress drops range from 130 to 419 bars, and the apparent stresses range from 39 to 63 bars. The corrected source spectral shapes of these earthquakes are somewhat variable for frequencies from 0.2 to 2 Hz, falling slightly below the fitted Brune spectra.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","publisherLocation":"El Cerrito, CA","doi":"10.1785/0120100225","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Boatwright, J., and Seekins, L.C., 2011, Regional spectral analysis of three moderate earthquakes in Northeastern North America: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 101, no. 4, p. 1769-1782, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120100225.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1769","endPage":"1782","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":217532,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120100225"},{"id":245485,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States;Canada","volume":"101","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d20c9de4b08b071e771bbf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boatwright, John 0000-0002-6931-5241 boat@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6931-5241","contributorId":1938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boatwright","given":"John","email":"boat@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Seekins, Linda C.","contributorId":14811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seekins","given":"Linda","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70036697,"text":"70036697 - 2011 - Magmatic-vapor expansion and the formation of high-sulfidation gold deposits: Structural controls on hydrothermal alteration and ore mineralization","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-20T13:26:04","indexId":"70036697","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2954,"text":"Ore Geology Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Magmatic-vapor expansion and the formation of high-sulfidation gold deposits: Structural controls on hydrothermal alteration and ore mineralization","docAbstract":"<p id=\"sp0065\">High-sulfidation copper–gold lode deposits such as Chinkuashih, Taiwan, Lepanto, Philippines, and Goldfield, Nevada, formed within 1500&nbsp;m of the paleosurface in volcanic terranes. All underwent an early stage of extensive advanced argillic silica–alunite alteration followed by an abrupt change to spatially much more restricted stages of fracture-controlled sulfide–sulfosalt mineral assemblages and gold–silver mineralization. The alteration as well as ore mineralization stages of these deposits were controlled by the dynamics and history of syn-hydrothermal faulting.</p><p id=\"sp0070\">At the Sulfate Stage, aggressive advanced argillic alteration and silicification were consequent on the<span>&nbsp;</span><i>in situ</i><span>&nbsp;</span>formation of acidic condensate from magmatic vapor as it expanded through secondary fracture networks alongside active faults. The reduction of permeability at this stage due to alteration decreased fluid flow to the surface, and progressively developed a barrier between magmatic-vapor expansion constrained by the active faults and peripheral hydrothermal activity dominated by hot-water flow. In conjunction with the increased rock strength resulting from alteration, subsequent fault-slip inversion in response to an increase in compressional stress generated new, highly permeable fractures localized by the embrittled, altered rock. The new fractures focused magmatic-vapor expansion with much lower heat loss so that condensation occurred. Sulfide Stage sulfosalt, sulfide, and gold–silver deposition then resulted from destabilization of vapor phase metal species due to vapor decompression through the new fracture array. The switch from sulfate to sulfide assemblages is, therefore, a logical consequence of changes in structural permeability due to the coupling of alteration and fracture dynamics rather than to changes in the chemistry of the fluid phase at its magmatic source.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2010.11.004","issn":"01691368","usgsCitation":"Berger, B.R., and Henley, R.W., 2011, Magmatic-vapor expansion and the formation of high-sulfidation gold deposits: Structural controls on hydrothermal alteration and ore mineralization: Ore Geology Reviews, v. 39, no. 1-2, p. 75-90, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2010.11.004.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"75","endPage":"90","numberOfPages":"16","ipdsId":"IP-018409","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475301,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2010.11.004","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245428,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217477,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2010.11.004"}],"volume":"39","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4b52e4b0c8380cd69466","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berger, Byron R. bberger@usgs.gov","contributorId":1490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berger","given":"Byron","email":"bberger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Henley, Richard W.","contributorId":107193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henley","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70036961,"text":"70036961 - 2011 - Nitrous oxide emission from denitrification in stream and river networks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-18T15:34:05.169289","indexId":"70036961","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3165,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nitrous oxide emission from denitrification in stream and river networks","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstract-1\" class=\"section abstract\"><div id=\"abstract-1\" class=\"section abstract\"><p id=\"p-6\">Nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) is a potent greenhouse gas that contributes to climate change and stratospheric ozone destruction. Anthropogenic nitrogen (N) loading to river networks is a potentially important source of N<sub>2</sub>O via microbial denitrification that converts N to N<sub>2</sub>O and dinitrogen (N<sub>2</sub>). The fraction of denitrified N that escapes as N<sub>2</sub>O rather than N<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>(i.e., the N<sub>2</sub>O yield) is an important determinant of how much N<sub>2</sub>O is produced by river networks, but little is known about the N<sub>2</sub>O yield in flowing waters. Here, we present the results of whole-stream<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>15</sup>N-tracer additions conducted in 72 headwater streams draining multiple land-use types across the United States. We found that stream denitrification produces N<sub>2</sub>O at rates that increase with stream water nitrate (NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>) concentrations, but that &lt;1% of denitrified N is converted to N<sub>2</sub>O. Unlike some previous studies, we found no relationship between the N<sub>2</sub>O yield and stream water NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>. We suggest that increased stream NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>loading stimulates denitrification and concomitant N<sub>2</sub>O production, but does not increase the N<sub>2</sub>O yield. In our study, most streams were sources of N<sub>2</sub>O to the atmosphere and the highest emission rates were observed in streams draining urban basins. Using a global river network model, we estimate that microbial N transformations (e.g., denitrification and nitrification) convert at least 0.68 Tg·y<sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>of anthropogenic N inputs to N<sub>2</sub>O in river networks, equivalent to 10% of the global anthropogenic N<sub>2</sub>O emission rate. This estimate of stream and river N<sub>2</sub>O emissions is three times greater than estimated by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.</p></div><p id=\"p-7\">Humans have more than doubled the availability of fixed nitrogen (N) in the biosphere, particularly through the production of N fertilizers and the cultivation of N-fixing crops (<a id=\"xref-ref-1-1\" class=\"xref-bibr\" href=\"https://www.pnas.org/content/108/1/214#ref-1\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.pnas.org/content/108/1/214#ref-1\">1</a>). Increasing N availability is producing unintended environmental consequences including enhanced emissions of nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O), a potent greenhouse gas (<a id=\"xref-ref-2-1\" class=\"xref-bibr\" href=\"https://www.pnas.org/content/108/1/214#ref-2\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.pnas.org/content/108/1/214#ref-2\">2</a>) and an important cause of stratospheric ozone destruction (<a id=\"xref-ref-3-1\" class=\"xref-bibr\" href=\"https://www.pnas.org/content/108/1/214#ref-3\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.pnas.org/content/108/1/214#ref-3\">3</a>). The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) estimates that the microbial conversion of agriculturally derived N to N<sub>2</sub>O in soils and aquatic ecosystems is the largest source of anthropogenic N<sub>2</sub>O to the atmosphere (<a id=\"xref-ref-2-2\" class=\"xref-bibr\" href=\"https://www.pnas.org/content/108/1/214#ref-2\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.pnas.org/content/108/1/214#ref-2\">2</a>). The production of N<sub>2</sub>O in agricultural soils has been the focus of intense investigation (i.e., &gt;1,000 published studies) and is a relatively well constrained component of the N<sub>2</sub>O budget (<a id=\"xref-ref-4-1\" class=\"xref-bibr\" href=\"https://www.pnas.org/content/108/1/214#ref-4\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.pnas.org/content/108/1/214#ref-4\">4</a>). However, emissions of anthropogenic N<sub>2</sub>O from streams, rivers, and estuaries have received much less attention and remain a major source of uncertainty in the global anthropogenic N<sub>2</sub>O budget.</p><p id=\"p-8\">Microbial denitrification is a large source of N<sub>2</sub>O emissions in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Most microbial denitrification is a form of anaerobic respiration in which nitrate (NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>, the dominant form of inorganic N) is converted to dinitrogen (N<sub>2</sub>) and N<sub>2</sub>O gases (<a id=\"xref-ref-5-1\" class=\"xref-bibr\" href=\"https://www.pnas.org/content/108/1/214#ref-5\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.pnas.org/content/108/1/214#ref-5\">5</a>). The proportion of denitrified NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>that is converted to N<sub>2</sub>O rather than N<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>(hereafter referred to as the N<sub>2</sub>O yield and expressed as the mole ratio) partially controls how much N<sub>2</sub>O is produced via denitrification (<a id=\"xref-ref-6-1\" class=\"xref-bibr\" href=\"https://www.pnas.org/content/108/1/214#ref-6\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.pnas.org/content/108/1/214#ref-6\">6</a>), but few studies provide information on the N<sub>2</sub>O yield in streams and rivers because of the difficulty of measuring N<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>and N<sub>2</sub>O production in these systems. Here we report rates of N<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>and N<sub>2</sub>O production via denitrification measured using whole-stream<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>15</sup>NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>-tracer experiments in 72 headwater streams draining different land-use types across the United States. This project, known as the second Lotic Intersite Nitrogen eXperiment (LINX II), provides unique whole-system measurements of the N<sub>2</sub>O yield in streams.</p><p id=\"p-9\">Although N<sub>2</sub>O emission rates have been reported for streams and rivers (<a id=\"xref-ref-7-1\" class=\"xref-bibr\" href=\"https://www.pnas.org/content/108/1/214#ref-7\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.pnas.org/content/108/1/214#ref-7\">7</a>,<span>&nbsp;</span><a id=\"xref-ref-8-1\" class=\"xref-bibr\" href=\"https://www.pnas.org/content/108/1/214#ref-8\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.pnas.org/content/108/1/214#ref-8\">8</a>), the N<sub>2</sub>O yield has been studied mostly in lentic freshwater and marine ecosystems, where it generally ranges between 0.1 and 1.0%, although yields as high as 6% have been observed (<a id=\"xref-ref-9-1\" class=\"xref-bibr\" href=\"https://www.pnas.org/content/108/1/214#ref-9\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.pnas.org/content/108/1/214#ref-9\">9</a>). These N<sub>2</sub>O yields are low compared with observations in soils (0–100%) (<a id=\"xref-ref-10-1\" class=\"xref-bibr\" href=\"https://www.pnas.org/content/108/1/214#ref-10\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.pnas.org/content/108/1/214#ref-10\">10</a>), which may be a result of the relatively lower oxygen (O<sub>2</sub>) availability in the sediments of lakes and estuaries. However, dissolved O<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>in headwater streams is commonly near atmospheric equilibrium and benthic algal biofilms can produce O<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>at the sediment–water interface, resulting in strong redox gradients more akin to those in partially wetted soils. Thus, streams may have variable and often high N<sub>2</sub>O yields, similar to those in soils (<a id=\"xref-ref-11-1\" class=\"xref-bibr\" href=\"https://www.pnas.org/content/108/1/214#ref-11\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.pnas.org/content/108/1/214#ref-11\">11</a>). The N<sub>2</sub>O yield in headwater streams is of particular interest because much of the NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>input to rivers is derived from groundwater upwelling into headwater streams. Furthermore, headwater streams compose the majority of stream length within a drainage network and have high ratios of bioreactive benthic surface area to water volume (<a id=\"xref-ref-12-1\" class=\"xref-bibr article-ref-popup hasTooltip\" href=\"https://www.pnas.org/content/108/1/214#ref-12\" data-hasqtip=\"4\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.pnas.org/content/108/1/214#ref-12\">12</a>).</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1011464108","usgsCitation":"Beaulieu, J.J., Tank, J.L., Hamilton, S.K., Wollheim, W.M., Hall, R.O., Mulholland, P.J., Peterson, B.J., Ashkenas, L., Cooper, L.W., Dahm, C., Dodds, W.K., Grimm, N.B., Johnson, S.L., McDowell, W.H., Poole, G.C., Maurice, V., Arango, C.P., Bernot, M.J., Burgin, A.J., Crenshaw, C.L., Helton, A.M., Johnson, L., O’Brien, J.M., Potter, J.D., Sheibley, R., Sobota, D.J., and Thomas, S.M., 2011, Nitrous oxide emission from denitrification in stream and river networks: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, v. 108, no. 1, p. 214-219, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1011464108.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"214","endPage":"219","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475096,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.cwu.edu/cotsfac/313","text":"External Repository"},{"id":245415,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"108","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6703e4b0c8380cd7311a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beaulieu, J. J.","contributorId":96496,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beaulieu","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tank, J. L.","contributorId":100214,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tank","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hamilton, S. K.","contributorId":60866,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hamilton","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wollheim, W. M.","contributorId":10912,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wollheim","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hall, R. O. Jr.","contributorId":53101,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hall","given":"R.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mulholland, P. J.","contributorId":89081,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mulholland","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Peterson, B. J.","contributorId":53749,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peterson","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Ashkenas, L. R.","contributorId":14656,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ashkenas","given":"L. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Cooper, L. W.","contributorId":25782,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cooper","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Dahm, Clifford N.","contributorId":22730,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dahm","given":"Clifford N.","affiliations":[{"id":7000,"text":"Department of Biology, University of New Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":458691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Dodds, W. K.","contributorId":21297,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dodds","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Grimm, N. B.","contributorId":54164,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grimm","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":6607,"text":"Arizona State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":458698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Johnson, S. L.","contributorId":53826,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"McDowell, W. H.","contributorId":88532,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McDowell","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Poole, G. C.","contributorId":20175,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Poole","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Maurice, Valett H.","contributorId":69821,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maurice","given":"Valett H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Arango, C. P.","contributorId":107516,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arango","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Bernot, M. J.","contributorId":18593,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bernot","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Burgin, A. J.","contributorId":90556,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burgin","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Crenshaw, C. L.","contributorId":90949,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crenshaw","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Helton, A. M.","contributorId":93289,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Helton","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Johnson, L. T.","contributorId":28819,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"L. T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"O’Brien, J. M.","contributorId":63637,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Brien","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Potter, J. D.","contributorId":63638,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Potter","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Sheibley, R.W. 0000-0003-1627-8536 sheibley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1627-8536","contributorId":43066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheibley","given":"R.W.","email":"sheibley@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Sobota, D. J.","contributorId":15419,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sobota","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26},{"text":"Thomas, S. M.","contributorId":87771,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thomas","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":27}]}}
,{"id":70036696,"text":"70036696 - 2011 - Pigeonholing pyroclasts: Insights from the 19 March 2008 explosive eruption of Kīlauea volcano","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-23T19:02:35.694262","indexId":"70036696","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pigeonholing pyroclasts: Insights from the 19 March 2008 explosive eruption of Kīlauea volcano","docAbstract":"<p><span>We think, conventionally, of volcanic explosive eruptions as being triggered in one of two ways: by release and expansion of volatiles dissolved in the ejected magma (magmatic explosions) or by transfer of heat from magma into an external source of water (phreatic or phreatomagmatic explosions). We document here an event where neither magma nor an external water source was involved in explosive activity at Kīlauea. Instead, the eruption was powered by the expansion of decoupled magmatic volatiles released from deeper magma, which was not ejected by the eruption, and the trigger was a collapse of near-surface wall rocks that then momentarily blocked that volatile flux. Mapping of the advected fall deposit a day after this eruption has highlighted the difficulty of constraining deposit edges from unobserved or prehistoric eruptions of all magnitudes. Our results suggest that the dispersal area of advected fall deposits could be miscalculated by up to 30% of the total, raising issues for accurate hazard zoning and assessment. Eruptions of this type challenge existing classification schemes for pyroclastic deposits and explosive eruptions and, in the past, have probably been interpreted as phreatic explosions, where the eruptive mechanism has been assumed to involve flashing of groundwater to steam.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/G31509.1","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Houghton, B.F., Swanson, D., Carey, R., Rausch, J., and Sutton, A., 2011, Pigeonholing pyroclasts: Insights from the 19 March 2008 explosive eruption of Kīlauea volcano: Geology, v. 39, no. 3, p. 263-266, https://doi.org/10.1130/G31509.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"263","endPage":"266","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245400,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217450,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G31509.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kilauea Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -155.3020477294922,\n              19.395039417313967\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.3020477294922,\n              19.433733654546185\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.23475646972656,\n              19.433733654546185\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.23475646972656,\n              19.395039417313967\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.3020477294922,\n              19.395039417313967\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"39","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7b52e4b0c8380cd7939a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Houghton, Bruce F. 0000-0002-7532-9770","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7532-9770","contributorId":140077,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Houghton","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":6977,"text":"University of Hawai`i at Hilo","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":13351,"text":"University of Hawaii Cooperative Studies Unit","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":457413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Swanson, Don 0000-0002-1680-3591 donswan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1680-3591","contributorId":168817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Don","email":"donswan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carey, R.J.","contributorId":89749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carey","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rausch, J.","contributorId":7944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rausch","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sutton, Andrew ajsutton@usgs.gov","contributorId":156244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutton","given":"Andrew","email":"ajsutton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70036992,"text":"70036992 - 2011 - Late Early Permian continental ichnofauna from Lake Kemp, north-central Texas, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-16T20:29:58.164288","indexId":"70036992","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Early Permian continental ichnofauna from Lake Kemp, north-central Texas, USA","docAbstract":"<p>Continental trace fossils of Early Permian age are well known in the western United States from Wolfcampian (~ Asselian to Artinskian) strata, but few examples are known from Leonardian (~ Kungurian) deposits. A substantial ichnofauna from strata of the lower part of the Clear Fork Formation at Lake Kemp, Baylor County, Texas, augments the meager North American record of Leonardian continental trace fossil assemblages. Ichnofossils at Lake Kemp occur in the informally-named Craddock dolomite member of the Clear Fork Formation, which is 12–15 m above the local base of the Clear Fork. The trace-bearing stratum is an up-to-0.3 m thick, laminated to flaser-bedded, dolomitic siltstone that also contains mud cracks, raindrop impressions, microbially induced mat structures, and some land-plant impressions. We interpret the Craddock dolomite member as the feather-edge of a marine transgressive carbonate deposit of an irregular coastline marked by shallow bays or estuaries on the eastern shelf of the Midland basin, and the trace-fossil-bearing stratum at Lake Kemp is an unchannelized flow deposit on a muddy coastal plain. The fossil site at Lake Kemp yields a low to moderately diverse fauna of invertebrate and vertebrate traces. A sparse invertebrate ichnofauna consists of arthropod feeding and locomotion traces assigned to Walpia cf. W. hermitensis White, 1929 and Diplichnites gouldi Gevers in Gevers et al., 1971. Tetrapod footprints are most common and assigned to Batrachichnus salamandroides (Geinitz, 1861), cf. Amphisauropus kablikae (Geinitz and Deichmüller, 1882), and Dromopus lacertoides (Geinitz, 1861), which represent small temnospondyl, seymouriamorph, and basal sauropsid trackmakers. Both the traces and sedimentary features of the fossil horizon indicate a freshwater setting at the time of track formation, and the trace assemblage represents the Scoyenia ichnofacies and the Batrachichnus ichnofacies in an overbank environment with sheet flooding and shallow ephemeral pools on an extensive coastal plain. The Lake Kemp tetrapod track assemblage is characteristic of the global Early Permian tetrapod ichnofauna found in red beds, which is dominated by a handful of ichnogenera that include Batrachichnus, Limnopus, Amphisauropus, Dromopus, Varanopus, Hyloidichnus, Ichniotherium and Dimetropus, which are the tracks of temnospondyls, seymouriamorphs, diadectomorphs, “pelycosaurs”, “captorhinomorphs”, and araeoscelids. The Lake Kemp tracks also further document the continuity of the ichnogenera Batrachichnus, Amphisauropus and Dromopus from Wolfcampian into Leonardian time and thus support the concept that Wolfcampian and Leonardian red-bed tetrapod footprints represent a single biostratigraphic assemblage.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2011.05.047","issn":"00310182","usgsCitation":"Lucas, S.G., Voigt, S., Lerner, A., and Nelson, W., 2011, Late Early Permian continental ichnofauna from Lake Kemp, north-central Texas, USA: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 308, no. 3-4, p. 395-404, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2011.05.047.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"395","endPage":"404","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245445,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217494,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2011.05.047"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Lake Kemp","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -99.35348510742188,\n              33.65235145518946\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.1241455078125,\n              33.65235145518946\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.1241455078125,\n              33.864714141777746\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.35348510742188,\n              33.864714141777746\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.35348510742188,\n              33.65235145518946\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"308","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a44dfe4b0c8380cd66e6f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lucas, S. G.","contributorId":76934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lucas","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Voigt, S.","contributorId":28104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voigt","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lerner, A.J.","contributorId":36783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lerner","given":"A.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nelson, W.J.","contributorId":17762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"W.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70154899,"text":"70154899 - 2011 - Age estimation of a large bighead carp from Grand Lake, Oklahoma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-12T06:41:05","indexId":"70154899","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3894,"text":"Proceedings of the Oklahoma Academy of Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Age estimation of a large bighead carp from Grand Lake, Oklahoma","docAbstract":"<p>On April 23, 2011, a 1356-mm total length (TL), 39.8 kg bighead carp (<i>Hypophthalmichthys nobilis</i>) was brought to the Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation. This specimen is the largest bighead carp recorded from Oklahoma, and it is near the maximum size reported from the United States. This specimen was estimated to be nine years old based on estimates from three different structures (pectoral fin ray, branchiostegal ray, and otolith). The age, together with past Oklahoma records of the species, indicates that there has been multiple introductions or undocumented reproduction of bighead carp in the Grand Lake basin.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oklahoma Academy of Science","usgsCitation":"Long, J.M., and Nealis, A., 2011, Age estimation of a large bighead carp from Grand Lake, Oklahoma: Proceedings of the Oklahoma Academy of Science, v. 91, p. 15-18.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"15","endPage":"18","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-030078","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308159,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","otherGeospatial":"Grand Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -95.0701904296875,\n              36.445589751779174\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.63623046875,\n              36.445589751779174\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.63623046875,\n              36.832370801556834\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.0701904296875,\n              36.832370801556834\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.0701904296875,\n              36.445589751779174\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"91","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55fa92afe4b05d6c4e501a50","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Long, James M. 0000-0002-8658-9949 jmlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8658-9949","contributorId":3453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"James","email":"jmlong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nealis, Ashley","contributorId":147727,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nealis","given":"Ashley","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70032544,"text":"70032544 - 2011 - New insights from well responses to fluctuations in barometric pressure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:21","indexId":"70032544","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New insights from well responses to fluctuations in barometric pressure","docAbstract":"Hydrologists have long recognized that changes in barometric pressure can produce changes in water levels in wells. The barometric response function (BRF) has proven to be an effective means to characterize this relationship; we show here how it can also be utilized to glean valuable insights into semi-confined aquifer systems. The form of the BRF indicates the degree of aquifer confinement, while a comparison of BRFs between wells sheds light on hydrostratigraphic continuity. A new approach for estimating hydraulic properties of aquitards from BRFs has been developed and verified. The BRF is not an invariant characteristic of a well; in unconfined or semi-confined aquifers, it can change with conditions in the vadose zone. Field data from a long-term research site demonstrate the hydrostratigraphic insights that can be gained from monitoring water levels and barometric pressure. Such insights should be of value for a wide range of practical applications. ?? 2010 The Author(s). Journal compilation ?? 2010 National Ground Water Association.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00768.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Butler, J., Jin, W., Mohammed, G., and Reboulet, E., 2011, New insights from well responses to fluctuations in barometric pressure: Ground Water, v. 49, no. 4, p. 525-533, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00768.x.","startPage":"525","endPage":"533","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213637,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00768.x"},{"id":241283,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"49","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-11-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a65d8e4b0c8380cd72c62","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Butler, J.J.","contributorId":55605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butler","given":"J.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jin, W.","contributorId":27682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jin","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mohammed, G.A.","contributorId":108321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mohammed","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reboulet, E.C.","contributorId":13047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reboulet","given":"E.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70032543,"text":"70032543 - 2011 - Evidence for low-grade metamorphism, hydrothermal alteration, and diagenesis on Mars from phyllosilicate mineral assemblages","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-28T09:53:52","indexId":"70032543","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1245,"text":"Clays and Clay Minerals","onlineIssn":"1552-8367","printIssn":"0009-8604","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence for low-grade metamorphism, hydrothermal alteration, and diagenesis on Mars from phyllosilicate mineral assemblages","docAbstract":"<p>The enhanced spatial and spectral resolution provided by the Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM) on the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) has led to the discovery of numerous hydrated silicate minerals on Mars, particularly in the ancient, cratered crust comprising the southern highlands. Phases recently identified using visible/near-infrared spectra include: smectite, chlorite, prehnite, high-charge phyllosilicates (illite or muscovite), the zeolite analcime, opaline silica, and serpentine. Some mineral assemblages represent the products of aqueous alteration at elevated temperatures. Geologic occurrences of these mineral assemblages are described using examples from west of the Isidis basin near the Nili Fossae and with reference to differences in implied temperature, fluid composition, and starting materials during alteration. The alteration minerals are not distributed homogeneously. Rather, certain craters host distinctive alteration assemblages: (1) prehnite-chlorite-silica, (2) analcime-silica-Fe,Mg-smectite-chlorite, (3) chlorite-illite (muscovite), and (4) serpentine, which furthermore has been found in bedrock units. These assemblages contrast with the prevalence of solely Fe,Mg-smectites in most phyllosilicate-bearing terrains on Mars, and they represent materials altered at depth then exposed by cratering. Of the minerals found to date, prehnite provides the clearest evidence for subsurface, hydrothermal/metamorphic alteration, as it forms only under highly restricted conditions (<i>T</i> = 200–400ºC). Multiple mechanisms exist for forming the other individual minerals; however, the most likely formation mechanisms for the characteristic mineralogic assemblages observed are, for (1) and (2), low-grade metamorphism or hydrothermal (&lt;400ºC) circulation of fluids in basalt; for (3), transformation of trioctahedral smectites to chlorite and dioctahedral smectites to illite during diagenesis; and for (4), low-grade metamorphism or hydrothermal (&lt;400ºC) circulation of fluids in ultramafic rocks. Evidence for high-grade metamorphism at elevated pressures or temperatures &gt;400ºC has not been found.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Clay Minerals Society","doi":"10.1346/CCMN.2011.0590402","usgsCitation":"Ehlmann, B.L., Mustard, J., Clark, R.N., Swayze, G.A., and Murchie, S., 2011, Evidence for low-grade metamorphism, hydrothermal alteration, and diagenesis on Mars from phyllosilicate mineral assemblages: Clays and Clay Minerals, v. 59, no. 4, p. 359-377, https://doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.2011.0590402.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"359","endPage":"377","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241282,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"59","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d48e4b0c8380cd52f08","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ehlmann, Bethany L. 0000-0002-2745-3240","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2745-3240","contributorId":147154,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ehlmann","given":"Bethany","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":7218,"text":"California Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":436741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mustard, John F","contributorId":147770,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mustard","given":"John F","affiliations":[{"id":16929,"text":"Brown University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":436740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clark, Roger N. 0000-0002-7021-1220 rclark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7021-1220","contributorId":515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Roger","email":"rclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":436737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Swayze, Gregg A. 0000-0002-1814-7823 gswayze@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1814-7823","contributorId":518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swayze","given":"Gregg","email":"gswayze@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":436739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Murchie, Scott L.","contributorId":22615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murchie","given":"Scott L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
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