{"pageNumber":"1820","pageRowStart":"45475","pageSize":"25","recordCount":68935,"records":[{"id":27087,"text":"wri894089 - 1990 - Hydrology, aquatic macrophytes, and water quality of Black Earth Creek and its tributaries, Dane County, Wisconsin, 1985-86","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-20T10:21:39","indexId":"wri894089","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4089","title":"Hydrology, aquatic macrophytes, and water quality of Black Earth Creek and its tributaries, Dane County, Wisconsin, 1985-86","docAbstract":"<p>An intensive data-collection program for the Black Earth Creek basin in southern Wisconsin was conducted from October 1984 through September 1986 to assess the hydrology, aquatic macrophytes, and water quality in Black Earth Creek by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Three sites on two cold-water trout streams Black Earth Creek at Cross Plains, Black Earth Creek near Cross Plains, and Garfoot Creek near Cross Plains were continuously monitored for streamflow and water-quality data. One site in a warm-water stream, Brewery Creek at Cross Plains, also was monitored. Aquatic macrophyte biomass was determined for three sites on Black Earth Creek.</p>\n<p>Streamflow at Black Earth Creek at Black Earth during the 1985 and 1986 water years (WY) were 44 and 60 percent greater than the long-term mean discharge of 33.3 ft3/s (cubic feet per second) for the period 1955-86. Water year 1986 had the highest annual mean discharge, 53.4 ft3/s, since records began in 1954 at the most downstream site Black Earth Creek at Black Earth. Although there have been considerable fluctuations in streamflow, it has tended to increase since WY 1965 as a result of above-average precipitation and consequent rising ground-water levels.</p>\n<p>Trout population densities may be related to annual mean streamflow. A regression analysis of adult trout populations and the 3-year moving annual mean discharge had a correlation coefficient of 0.75 with a standard error of 83 percent.</p>\n<p>Aquatic macrophyte biomass in Black Earth Creek was substantially less in 1986 than in 1985 as a result of substrate scouring from the flood of July 25, 1985. The frequency of occurrence of species during 1985 and 1986 was similar to that of 1981, and seasonal succession of species also was similar; Potamogeton crispus dominated early in the year and senesced in July. P. crispus and P. pectinatus, both indicative of eutrophic conditions, dominated upstream and downstream, respectively; neither species is native to the area. In 1985, the greatest biomass was found upstream from Cross Plains. This large biomass caused diurnal fluctuations in dissolved-oxygen concentration of 5 to 6 mg/L (milligrams per liter) as a result of photosynthesis and respiration. Many of the dissolved-oxygen minimums, recorded at night, were less than the State 6.0-mg/L water-quality standard for trout waters. Discharge from point sources may adversely affect Black Earth Creek's water quality. Warm water discharged to Black Earth Creek from a gravel pit operation upstream from Cross Plains increased water temperatures 2 to 4 degrees Celsius and decreased the dissolved oxygen about 1 mg/L at a site 1.8 miles downstream. Runoff from a settling pond from a landfill operation in the headwaters of the Black Earth Creek basin drains through a wetland that drains to Black Earth Creek and contained as much as 60 mg/L ammonia nitrogen, 980 mg/L biochemical oxygen demand, and 1,300 mg/L chemical oxygen demand, which may be detrimental to trout.</p>\n<p>Garfoot Creek had the highest suspended-sediment and phosphorus yields per unit area of the three upstream basins during low to moderate runoff. Detention ponds in the Brewery Creek basin appear to be less effective in controlling suspended-sediment and phosphorus loads during periods of high runoff than during moderate runoff. Brewery Creek had the highest concentrations of suspended sediment and total phosphorus during low and high flows. The water quality at the Black Earth Creek gaging station at Black Earth was affected by Garfoot Creek and unnamed tributaries. As a result, yields of suspended sediment, phosphorus, and nitrogen increased between Cross Plains and Black Earth. High streamflows during WY 1985 resulted in suspendedsediment yields at Black Earth Creek at Black Earth that were 29 percent greater than the 12-year (1955-65, 85-86) mean; yields ranged from 69.5 ton/mi2 (tons per square mile) in Black Earth Creek at Cross Plains to 116 ton/mi2 in the Brewery Creek basin. Phosphorus yields ranged from 312 lb/mi2 (pounds per square mile) in Black Earth Creek at Cross Plains to 628 lb/mi2 in the Brewery Creek basin. Total nitrogen yields ranged from 3,280 lb/mi2 in the Brewery Creek basin to 6,920 lb/mi2 in the Garfoot Creek basin.</p>\n<p>An increase in oxygen demand, caused by agricultural runoff, has resulted in reduced dissolved-oxygen content of the water in both Black Earth and Garfoot Creeks. The most substantial reduction occurred at Black Earth Creek at Cross Plains on July 25, 1985, as a result of the largest storm runoff event during the study. A rainfall of 5.54 inches caused streamflow discharges to increase from 9 to 122 ft3/s and dissolved-oxygen concentrations to decline to 3.0 mg/L; the dissolved-oxygen concentration was less than 6.0 mg/L for 30 hours.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri894089","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Field, S.J., and Graczyk, D., 1990, Hydrology, aquatic macrophytes, and water quality of Black Earth Creek and its tributaries, Dane County, Wisconsin, 1985-86: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4089, vi, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894089.","productDescription":"vi, 38 p.","numberOfPages":"44","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":55953,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4089/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":122886,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4089/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","county":"Dane County","otherGeospatial":"Black Earth Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -89.72911834716797,\n              43.18440150752066\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.791259765625,\n              43.09170711357466\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.66697692871094,\n              43.06838615478111\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.54132080078125,\n              43.04555812998933\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.53239440917969,\n              43.11401670811261\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.51934814453125,\n              43.13130731581085\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.52587127685547,\n              43.14082759275761\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.72911834716797,\n              43.18440150752066\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc71d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Field, S. J.","contributorId":50540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Field","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Graczyk, D.J.","contributorId":108119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graczyk","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":25727,"text":"wri904029 - 1990 - Programs and analytical methods for the US Geological Survey Acid Rain Quality-Assurance Project","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:12","indexId":"wri904029","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"90-4029","title":"Programs and analytical methods for the US Geological Survey Acid Rain Quality-Assurance Project","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey :\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri904029","usgsCitation":"See, R., Willoughby, T.C., Brooks, M.H., and Gordon, J., 1990, Programs and analytical methods for the US Geological Survey Acid Rain Quality-Assurance Project: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 90-4029, v, 57 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri904029.","productDescription":"v, 57 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157120,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1990/4029/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54489,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1990/4029/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9be4b07f02db65e07f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"See, R.B.","contributorId":67910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"See","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Willoughby, T. C.","contributorId":31791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willoughby","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brooks, M. H.","contributorId":107735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gordon, J.D.","contributorId":26684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gordon","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":49310,"text":"ofr90601B - 1990 - Earthquake Data Report, January 1990","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-25T14:19:43","indexId":"ofr90601B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"90-601","chapter":"B","title":"Earthquake Data Report, January 1990","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr90601B","collaboration":"The USGS does not support this software or technical questions for the software associated with the publication.","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1990, Earthquake Data Report, January 1990: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 90-601, Three 5 1/4 inch diskettes, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr90601B.","productDescription":"Three 5 1/4 inch diskettes","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":176138,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":268231,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ofr/1990/0601b/application.zip"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62c01f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":531876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":54372,"text":"wdrAL891 - 1990 - Water resources data, Alabama, water year 1989","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-23T19:48:02.352099","indexId":"wdrAL891","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"AL-89-1","title":"Water resources data, Alabama, water year 1989","docAbstract":"<p>The Water Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with State and Federal agencies, obtains a large amount of data pertaining to the water resources of Alabama each water year. These data, accumulated during many water years, constitute a valuable data base for developing an improved understanding of the water resources of the State. To make these data readily available to interested parties outside the Geological Survey, the data are published annually in this report series entitled \"Water Resources Data - Alabama.\"</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wdrAL891","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Alabama Department of Environmental Management, the Alabama Highway Department, and with other State, municipal, and Federal agencies","usgsCitation":"Pearman, J., Sedberry, F., Stricklin, V., and Cole, P., 1990, Water resources data, Alabama, water year 1989: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report AL-89-1, viii, 377 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrAL891.","productDescription":"viii, 377 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,{"id":2441,"text":"wsp2365 - 1990 - Methods for estimating monthly streamflow characteristics at ungaged sites in western Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-09T22:45:26.642346","indexId":"wsp2365","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2365","title":"Methods for estimating monthly streamflow characteristics at ungaged sites in western Montana","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wsp2365","usgsCitation":"Parrett, C., and Cartier, K.D., 1990, Methods for estimating monthly streamflow characteristics at ungaged sites in western Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2365, iv, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2365.","productDescription":"iv, 30 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":411599,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25387.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":28511,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2365/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":138624,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2365/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116,\n              49\n            ],\n            [\n              -116,\n              45.817\n            ],\n            [\n              -112,\n              45.817\n            ],\n            [\n              -112,\n              49\n            ],\n            [\n              -116,\n              49\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a52e4b07f02db62a3b7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parrett, Charles","contributorId":9635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parrett","given":"Charles","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cartier, Kenn D.","contributorId":39766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cartier","given":"Kenn","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":68632,"text":"ha712B - 1990 - Delineation of flooding within the Ozark National Scenic Riverways in southeastern Missouri - Round Spring and Powder Mill","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-17T14:29:53","indexId":"ha712B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":318,"text":"Hydrologic Atlas","code":"HA","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"712","chapter":"B","title":"Delineation of flooding within the Ozark National Scenic Riverways in southeastern Missouri - Round Spring and Powder Mill","docAbstract":"<p>This is the second report in a series of U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Investigations Atlases to further supplement the National Park Service general management and development concept plan for the Ozark National Scenic Riverways (National Park Service, 1981) in southeastern Missouri (fig. 1). The technical basis on which the National Park Service can develop flood-management plans for use in evaluating their existing or future developments at Akers and Alley Spring recreational areas is given in Hydrologic Investigations Atlas HA-712-A (Alexander, in press).</p><p>The Ozark National Scenic Riverways, administered by the National Park Service, is an extensively used recreational area where approximately 2 million visitors per year (M.E. Hunter, National Park Service, oral commun., 1985) participate in a wide range of river-use and land-based activities. Visitor areas along the 134-mi (mile) reach of the Current River and its principal tributary, Jacks Fork, range from highly-developed areas mostly along the upper Current River to primitive camping areas and river accesses along the Jacks Fork and downstream reach of the Current River. Most facilities at these developments are in or near flood-prone areas. Therefore, because of visitor safety, a major consideration of the National Park Service is the implementation of a flood-warning system.<br></p>","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ha712B","usgsCitation":"Alexander, T.W., 1990, Delineation of flooding within the Ozark National Scenic Riverways in southeastern Missouri - Round Spring and Powder Mill: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas 712, 3 maps :col. ;26 x 67 cm. and smaller, on sheets 51 x 85 cm. and smaller, folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ha712B.","productDescription":"3 maps :col. ;26 x 67 cm. and smaller, on sheets 51 x 85 cm. and smaller, folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":185778,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ha712B.PNG"},{"id":90297,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/712b/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":90296,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/712b/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":90298,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/712b/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"600","country":"United States","state":"Missouri","otherGeospatial":"Ozark National Scenic Riverways, southeastern Misouri","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -93,36.5 ], [ -93,38.25 ], [ -90.25,38.25 ], [ -90.25,36.5 ], [ -93,36.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db671c50","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alexander, Terry W.","contributorId":21193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alexander","given":"Terry","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":278604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":26196,"text":"wri904006 - 1990 - Sources and distribution of nitrate in ground water at a farmed field irrigated with sewage treatment-plant effluent, Tallahassee, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:33","indexId":"wri904006","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"90-4006","title":"Sources and distribution of nitrate in ground water at a farmed field irrigated with sewage treatment-plant effluent, Tallahassee, Florida","docAbstract":"The city of Tallahassee, Florida began applying sewage treatment-plant effluent to a sprayfield southeast of the city in 1980. Fertilizers containing inorganic nitrogen were also applied in conjunction with the operation of a commercial farm at this site. Analysis of groundwater in the surficial aquifer and the Upper Floridan aquifer have indicated that nitrate concentrations in some wells exceed the prescribed drinking water maximum contaminant level of 10 mg/L (nitrate as nitrogen). Nitrate concentrations greater than the maximum contaminant level were not detected in samples from monitoring wells outside the sprayfield boundary.  Analyses of water from the unsaturated zone indicated that conversion of organic nitrogen and ammonia to nitrate was complete before the nitrogen- enriched water reached the water table. Groundwater samples from wells in the surficial and Upper Floridan aquifers less than 100 ft deep located inside sprayed areas had mean concentrations of nitrate much higher than samples from similar wells located outside sprayed areas at the southeast sprayfield. These shallow wells inside the sprayed areas were the only wells in which the maximum contaminant level for nitrate was exceeded. Analyses of the nitrogen isotope ratios in groundwater were used to determine whether the major source of nitrogen was treated sewage or fertilizers. The nitrogen isotope ratios in contaminated groundwater at the southeast sprayfield were compared to those at another sprayfield southwest of the city, where treated sewage was the sole source of nitrogen. Statistical analyses indicated a significant difference in the nitrogen isotope ratios at the two sites, indicating that both nitrogen sources are significant at the southeast sprayfield. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri904006","usgsCitation":"Berndt, M.P., 1990, Sources and distribution of nitrate in ground water at a farmed field irrigated with sewage treatment-plant effluent, Tallahassee, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 90-4006, v, 33 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri904006.","productDescription":"v, 33 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158391,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1990/4006/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54991,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1990/4006/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a03e4b07f02db5f82c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berndt, M. P.","contributorId":74761,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berndt","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":25733,"text":"wri894105 - 1990 - Reconnaissance investigation of water quality, bottom sediment, and biota associated with irrigation drainage in and near Stillwater Wildlife Management Area, Churchill County, Nevada, 1986-87","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:13","indexId":"wri894105","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4105","title":"Reconnaissance investigation of water quality, bottom sediment, and biota associated with irrigation drainage in and near Stillwater Wildlife Management Area, Churchill County, Nevada, 1986-87","docAbstract":"A reconnaissance was initiated in 1986 to determine whether the quality of irrigation-drainage water in and near the Stillwater Wildlife Management Area, Nevada, has caused or has potential to cause harmful effects on human health, fish, wildlife, or other beneficial uses of water. Samples of surface and groundwater, bottom sediment, and biota were collected from sites upstream and downstream from the Fallon agricultural area in the Carson Desert, and analyzed for potentially toxic trace elements. Other analysis included radioactive substances, major dissolved constituents, and nutrients in water, and pesticide residues in bottom sediment and biota. In areas affected by irrigation drainage, the following constituents were found to commonly exceed baseline concentrations or recommended criteria for protection of aquatic life or propagation of wildlife: In water, arsenic, boron, dissolved solids, molybdenum, sodium, and un-ionized ammonia; in bottom sediments, arsenic, lithium, mercury, molybdenum, and selenium; and in biota, arsenic, boron, chromium, copper, mercury, selenium, and zinc. In some wetlands, selenium and mercury appeared to be biomagnified, and arsenic bioaccumulated. Pesticides contamination in bottom sediments and biota was insignificant. Adverse biological effects observed during this reconnaissance included gradual vegetative changes and species loss, fish die-offs, waterfowl disease epidemics, and persistent and unexplained deaths of migratory birds. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri894105","usgsCitation":"Hoffman, R., Hallock, R., Rowe, T., Lico, M., Burge, H., and Thompson, S., 1990, Reconnaissance investigation of water quality, bottom sediment, and biota associated with irrigation drainage in and near Stillwater Wildlife Management Area, Churchill County, Nevada, 1986-87: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4105, viii, 150 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894105.","productDescription":"viii, 150 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157001,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4105/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54494,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4105/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54495,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4105/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6ce4b07f02db63eb5c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoffman, R.J.","contributorId":38582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hallock, R.J.","contributorId":100413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hallock","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rowe, T.G.","contributorId":105732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowe","given":"T.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lico, M.S.","contributorId":36573,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lico","given":"M.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Burge, H.L.","contributorId":57104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burge","given":"H.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Thompson, S.P.","contributorId":66731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"S.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":54965,"text":"wdrSC891 - 1990 - Water resources data, South Carolina, water year 1989","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-23T18:47:12.461249","indexId":"wdrSC891","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"SC-89-1","title":"Water resources data, South Carolina, water year 1989","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wdrSC891","usgsCitation":"Bennett, C., Cooney, T., Jones, K., Church, B., and Murray, G., 1990, Water resources data, South Carolina, water year 1989: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report SC-89-1, viii, 585 p., 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,{"id":18988,"text":"ofr88493 - 1990 - A Mass-balance nitrate model for predicting the effects of land use on ground-water quality in municipal wellhead-protection areas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:30","indexId":"ofr88493","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-493","title":"A Mass-balance nitrate model for predicting the effects of land use on ground-water quality in municipal wellhead-protection areas","docAbstract":"A mass-balance accounting model can be used to guide the management of septic systems and fertilizers to control the degradation of groundwater quality in zones of an aquifer that contributes water to public supply wells. The nitrate nitrogen concentration of the mixture in the well can be predicted for steady-state conditions by calculating the concentration that results from the total weight of nitrogen and total volume of water entering the zone of contribution to the well. These calculations will allow water-quality managers to predict the nitrate concentrations that would be produced by different types and levels of development, and to plan development accordingly. Computations for different development schemes provide a technical basis for planners and managers to compare water quality effects and to select alternatives that limit nitrate concentration in wells. Appendix A contains tables of nitrate loads and water volumes from common sources for use with the accounting model. Appendix B describes the preparation of a spreadsheet for the nitrate loading calculations with a software package generally available for desktop computers. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr88493","usgsCitation":"Frimpter, M., Donohue, J., Rapacz, M., and Beye, H., 1990, A Mass-balance nitrate model for predicting the effects of land use on ground-water quality in municipal wellhead-protection areas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 88-493, 56 p.  :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr88493.","productDescription":"56 p.  :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":151819,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0493/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":48399,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0493/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd495be4b0b290850ef179","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frimpter, M. H.","contributorId":34127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frimpter","given":"M. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Donohue, J.J.","contributorId":81925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donohue","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rapacz, M.V.","contributorId":61845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rapacz","given":"M.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Beye, H.G.","contributorId":38593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beye","given":"H.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":30162,"text":"wri904071 - 1990 - Water-quality and sediment-transport characteristics in Kenney Reservoir, White River basin, northwestern Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:50","indexId":"wri904071","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"90-4071","title":"Water-quality and sediment-transport characteristics in Kenney Reservoir, White River basin, northwestern Colorado","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri904071","usgsCitation":"Tobin, R., and Hollowed, C., 1990, Water-quality and sediment-transport characteristics in Kenney Reservoir, White River basin, northwestern Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 90-4071, vi, 218 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri904071.","productDescription":"vi, 218 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119695,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1990/4071/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58963,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1990/4071/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e6e4b07f02db5e73ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tobin, R.L.","contributorId":34143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tobin","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hollowed, C.P.","contributorId":68788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hollowed","given":"C.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":18824,"text":"ofr90143 - 1990 - Bibliography of U.S. Geological Survey reports on the water resources of Florida, 1886-1989","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:25","indexId":"ofr90143","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"90-143","title":"Bibliography of U.S. Geological Survey reports on the water resources of Florida, 1886-1989","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey has released a listing of its reports on water resources in Florida for the period 1886-1989. Most of the reports contained in the listing were prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with numerous public agencies in Florida. The compilation has a full bibliographic list of reports arranged alphabetically by senior author. In addition, the reports are indexed by geographic areas and by subject. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr90143","usgsCitation":"Embry, T., and Hoy, N., 1990, Bibliography of U.S. Geological Survey reports on the water resources of Florida, 1886-1989 (Fifth): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 90-143, viii, 196 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr90143.","productDescription":"viii, 196 p. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":150791,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1990/0143/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":48210,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1990/0143/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"edition":"Fifth","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db628236","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Embry, T.L.","contributorId":43773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Embry","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":179807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoy, N.D.","contributorId":15618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoy","given":"N.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":179806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":29992,"text":"wri894098 - 1990 - Water use in South Carolina, 1985","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-25T10:19:29","indexId":"wri894098","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4098","title":"Water use in South Carolina, 1985","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File reports [distributor], 1990","doi":"10.3133/wri894098","usgsCitation":"Stringfield, W.J., and Lambert, S., 1990, Water use in South Carolina, 1985: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4098, iii, 27 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894098.","productDescription":"iii, 27 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South 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,{"id":54495,"text":"wdrFL904 - 1990 - Water resources data, Florida, water year 1990: Volume 4: Northwest Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-21T16:16:25.974161","indexId":"wdrFL904","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"FL-90-4","title":"Water resources data, Florida, water year 1990: Volume 4: Northwest Florida","docAbstract":"<p>Water resources data for the 1990 water year in Florida consists of continuous or daily discharge for 349 streams, periodic discharge for 40 streams, miscellaneous discharge for 75 streams, continuous or daily stage for 105 streams, periodic stage for 25 streams, peak discharge for 41 streams, continuous daily tide stage for 12 sites, and peak stage for 40 streams; continuous or daily elevations for 70 lakes, periodic elevations for 70 lakes; continuous ground-water levels for 441 wells, periodic ground-water levels for 1229 wells, and miscellaneous water-level measurements for 1908 wells; quality-of-water data for 145 surface-water sites and 799 wells.</p><p>The data for northwest Florida include continuous or daily discharge for 50 streams, periodic discharge for 0 streams, miscellaneous discharge for 53 streams, continuous or daily stage for 11 streams, peak discharge and stage for 7 streams; continuous or daily elevations for 6 lakes, and periodic elevations for 3 lakes; continuous ground-water levels for 0 wells, and periodic ground-water levels for 20 wells, and miscellaneous water-level measurements for 140 wells; quality of water for 14 surface-water sites and 0 wells.</p><p>These data represent the National Water Data System records collected by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating local, State, and Federal agencies in Florida.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wdrFL904","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Florida and other agencies","usgsCitation":"Meadows, P., Martin, J., and Mixson, P., 1990, Water resources data, Florida, water year 1990: Volume 4: Northwest Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report FL-90-4, xii, 210 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrFL904.","productDescription":"xii, 210 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":492635,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1990/fl-90-4/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":174095,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1990/fl-90-4/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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,{"id":19751,"text":"ofr90168 - 1990 - Water-quality data (October 1988 through September 1989) and statistical summaries (March 1985 through September 1989) for the Clark Fork and selected tributaries from Galen to Missoula, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:53","indexId":"ofr90168","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"90-168","title":"Water-quality data (October 1988 through September 1989) and statistical summaries (March 1985 through September 1989) for the Clark Fork and selected tributaries from Galen to Missoula, Montana","docAbstract":"Water quality sampling was conducted at eight sites on the Clark Fork and selected tributaries from Galen to Missoula, from October 1988 through September 1989. This report presents tabulations and statistical summaries of the water quality data. Included are tabulations of streamflow, onsite water quality, and concentrations of trace elements and suspended sediment for periodic samples. Also included are tables and hydrographs of daily mean values for streamflow, suspended-sediment concentration, and suspended-sediment discharge at three mainstem stations and one tributary. Statistical summaries are presented for periodic water quality data collected from March 1985 through September 1989. Selected data are illustrated by graphs showing median concentrations of trace elements in water, relation of trace-element concentrations to suspended-sediment concentrations, and median concentrations of trace elements in suspended sediment. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nU.S. Geological Survey, Books and Open-File Reports [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr90168","usgsCitation":"Lambing, J., 1990, Water-quality data (October 1988 through September 1989) and statistical summaries (March 1985 through September 1989) for the Clark Fork and selected tributaries from Galen to Missoula, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 90-168, iv, 68 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr90168.","productDescription":"iv, 68 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":154636,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1990/0168/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":49223,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1990/0168/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e3e4b07f02db5e5a08","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lambing, J. H.","contributorId":100860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lambing","given":"J. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":181444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":29775,"text":"wri894169 - 1990 - Geohydrology and simulation of ground-water flow in the carbonate rocks of the Valley Creek basin, eastern Chester County, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-12T13:31:25","indexId":"wri894169","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4169","title":"Geohydrology and simulation of ground-water flow in the carbonate rocks of the Valley Creek basin, eastern Chester County, Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"Sixty-eight percent of the 22.6-square-mile Valley Creek basin is underlain by Cambrian and Ordovician limestone and dolomite. Ground water flows through a network of interconnected secondary openings; primary porosity is virtually nonexistent. Some of these openings have been enlarged by solution. Secondary porosity and permeability exhibit great spatial variability, and the yield and specific capacity of wells are highly variable. The number of water-bearing zones decreases with depth. Fifty percent of water-bearing zones are encountered within 100 feet of the land surface, and 81 percent are within 200 feet.\r\n\r\n      Most ground-water flow in the Valley Creek basin is local and discharges to nearby streams. Ground-water discharge comprised an average of 76 percent of the flow of Valley Creek during 1983--87, including both natural ground- water discharge and quarry pumpage discharged to Valley Creek. Discharge from the Cedar Hollow quarry comprised 21 to 26 percent of the base flow of Valley Creek; the average was 23 percent. The average natural base flow of Valley Creek would be 8 percent lower if the quarry were not operating.\r\n\r\n      Regional ground-water flow is to the northeast to the Schuylkill River. On the western side of the Valley Creek basin, the ground-water divide is 1/2 mile west of the surface-water divide. An estimated 0.75 million gallons per day of ground water flows from the adjacent West Valley Creek basn eastward into the Valley Creek basin. A ground-water divide is not present on the eastern side of the basin; the water table slopes gently eastward toward the Schuylkill River. On the northeaster side, an estimated 1.76 million gallons per day of ground water flows northeastward out of the basin to the Schuylkill River beneath the surface-water divide. On the southeaster side, an estimated 0.85 million gallons per day of ground water flows beneath the surface-water divide into the basin.\r\n\r\n      Annual water budgets and an average water budget were calculated for 1983-87 for the 20.8-square-mile area bove the streamflow-gaging station. Annual precipitation for 1983-87 ranged from 40.61 to 56.55 inches and averaged 47.25 inches; annual streamflow ranged from 15.55 to 28.57 inches and averaged 22.31 inches; annual evapotranspiration ranged from 18.21 to 24.83 inches and averaged 22.90 inches; and annual recharge ranged from 15.89 to 26.84 inches and averaged 21.04 inches.\r\n\r\n      The Valley Creek basin was modeled as a two-dimensional water-table aquifer. Recharge to, ground-water flow through, and discharge from the rocks of Chester valley were simulated. In order to include the natural hydrologic boundaries of the ground-water-flwo system, the 66.4-square-mile area between the Brandywine Creek and the Schuylkill River was modeled. The model was calibrated under stead-state conditions using avareage recharge and evapotranspiration rates. Aquifer hydraulic conductivity was estimated from specific-capacity and quifer-test data. The average (1983-87) annual water budget for hte Valley Creek basin was simualted.\r\n\r\n      The effect of increased ground-water development on base flow and underflow was simulated by locating a hypothetical well field produceing 4 million gallons per day in different parts of the basin. Pumpage from a well field near surface-water divides would induce as much as an additional 1.41 inches per year of underflow from an adjacent surface-water basin. Pumpage from a well field near the center of the basin would affect base flow more than underflow.\r\n\r\n      Increased seepage of ground water into quarries as a result of their expansion was simulated as increased withdrawal by pumping. A 100-percent increase in the pumping rate of the Cedar Hollow quarry, from 3.93 to 7.86 million gallons per day, owuld reduce the natural base flow of Valley Creek by 18 percent. However, the quarry pumpage would be discharged to Valley Creek, thereby increasing the base flow at the gaging station by ","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri894169","usgsCitation":"Sloto, R., 1990, Geohydrology and simulation of ground-water flow in the carbonate rocks of the Valley Creek basin, eastern Chester County, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4169, viii, 60 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894169.","productDescription":"viii, 60 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science 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,{"id":29671,"text":"wri894102 - 1990 - Reconnaissance investigation of water quality, bottom sediment, and biota associated with irrigation drainage in the Salton Sea area, California, 1986-87","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:02","indexId":"wri894102","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4102","title":"Reconnaissance investigation of water quality, bottom sediment, and biota associated with irrigation drainage in the Salton Sea area, California, 1986-87","docAbstract":"Water, bottom sediment, and biota were sampled during 1986 and 1987 in the Salton Sea area to determine concentrations of trace elements and pesticides as part of the Department of Interior Irrigation Drainage Program. The sampling sites (12 water, 15 bottom sediment, and 5 biota) were located in the Coachella and Imperial Valleys. The focus of sampling was to determine the current or potential threat to the wildlife of the Salton National Wildlife Refuge from irrigation projects sponsored or operated by the Department of the Interior. Results of the investigation indicate that selenium is the major element of concern. Elevated concentrations of selenium in water were restricted to tile-drain effluent. The maximum selenium concentration of 300 microg/L was detected in a tile-drain sample, and the minimum concentration of 1 microg/L was detected in a composite sample of Salton Sea water. The median selenium concentration was 19 microg/L. In contrast to the water, the highest bottom-sediment selenium concentration of 3.3 mg/kg was in a composite sample from the Salton Sea. The selenium detected in samples of waterfowl and fish also are of concern, but, to date, no studies have been done in the Salton Sea area to determine if selenium has caused adverse biological effects. Concentrations of boron and manganese were elevated in tile-drain samples throughout the Imperial Valley. Boron concentrations in migratory waterfowl were at levels that could cause reproduction impairment. Elevated concentrations of chromium, nickel, and zinc were detected in the Whitewater River , but they were not associated with irrigation drainage. Organochlorine pesticide residues were detected in bottom sediment throughout the study area at levels approaching those measured more than 10 years ago. More detailed studies would be needed to determine if these residues are affecting the waterfowl. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri894102","usgsCitation":"Setmire, J.G., Wolfe, J., and Stroud, R.K., 1990, Reconnaissance investigation of water quality, bottom sediment, and biota associated with irrigation drainage in the Salton Sea area, California, 1986-87: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4102, v, 68 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894102.","productDescription":"v, 68 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160466,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4102/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58499,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4102/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4de4b07f02db627513","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Setmire, J. G.","contributorId":16818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Setmire","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wolfe, J.C.","contributorId":107746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolfe","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stroud, R. K.","contributorId":45660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stroud","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":19726,"text":"ofr90187 - 1990 - A finite-element model for simulation of two-dimensional steady-state ground-water flow in confined aquifers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-15T10:06:06","indexId":"ofr90187","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"90-187","title":"A finite-element model for simulation of two-dimensional steady-state ground-water flow in confined aquifers","docAbstract":"<p>A computer program based on the Galerkin finite-element method was developed to simulate two-dimensional steady-state ground-water flow in either isotropic or anisotropic confined aquifers. The program may also be used for unconfined aquifers of constant saturated thickness. Constant head, constant flux, and head-dependent flux boundary conditions can be specified in order to approximate a variety of natural conditions, such as a river or lake boundary, and pumping well. The computer program was developed for the preliminary simulation of ground-water flow in the Edwards-Trinity Regional aquifer system as part of the Regional Aquifer-Systems Analysis Program. Results of the program compare well to analytical solutions and simulations .from published finite-difference models. A concise discussion of the Galerkin method is presented along with a description of the program. Provided in the Supplemental Data section are a listing of the computer program, definitions of selected program variables, and several examples of data input and output used in verifying the accuracy of the program.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/ofr90187","usgsCitation":"Kuniansky, E., 1990, A finite-element model for simulation of two-dimensional steady-state ground-water flow in confined aquifers: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 90-187, iv, 77 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr90187.","productDescription":"iv, 77 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":49200,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1990/0187/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":154123,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1990/0187/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6aeba3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kuniansky, E. L.","contributorId":82342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuniansky","given":"E. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":181401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":18981,"text":"ofr88305 - 1990 - Geohydrology and simulation of ground-water flow in the Mesilla Basin, Dona Ana County, New Mexico, and El Paso County, Texas","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":18981,"text":"ofr88305 - 1990 - Geohydrology and simulation of ground-water flow in the Mesilla Basin, Dona Ana County, New Mexico, and El Paso County, Texas","indexId":"ofr88305","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"title":"Geohydrology and simulation of ground-water flow in the Mesilla Basin, Dona Ana County, New Mexico, and El Paso County, Texas"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":38448,"text":"pp1407C - 1992 - Geohydrology and simulation of ground-water flow in the Mesilla Basin, Dona Ana County, New Mexico, and El Paso County, Texas, with a section on water quality and geochemistry","indexId":"pp1407C","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"chapter":"C","title":"Geohydrology and simulation of ground-water flow in the Mesilla Basin, Dona Ana County, New Mexico, and El Paso County, Texas, with a section on water quality and geochemistry"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":38448,"text":"pp1407C - 1992 - Geohydrology and simulation of ground-water flow in the Mesilla Basin, Dona Ana County, New Mexico, and El Paso County, Texas, with a section on water quality and geochemistry","indexId":"pp1407C","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"title":"Geohydrology and simulation of ground-water flow in the Mesilla Basin, Dona Ana County, New Mexico, and El Paso County, Texas, with a section on water quality and geochemistry"},"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-04T17:37:27.297554","indexId":"ofr88305","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-305","title":"Geohydrology and simulation of ground-water flow in the Mesilla Basin, Dona Ana County, New Mexico, and El Paso County, Texas","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr88305","usgsCitation":"Frenzel, P.F., Kaehler, C., and Anderholm, S., 1990, Geohydrology and simulation of ground-water flow in the Mesilla Basin, Dona Ana County, New Mexico, and El Paso County, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 88-305, Report: xii, 179 p.; 5 Plates: 17.29 x 20.97 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr88305.","productDescription":"Report: xii, 179 p.; 5 Plates: 17.29 x 20.97 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":383000,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0305/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":382999,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0305/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":382998,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0305/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":382997,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0305/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":382996,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0305/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":382995,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0305/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":151775,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0305/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico, Texas","county":"Dona Ana County, New Mexico, El Paso County, Texas","otherGeospatial":"Mesilla Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -106.85302734374999,\n              31.53640812943961\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.7159423828125,\n              31.53640812943961\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.7159423828125,\n              32.368363067704706\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.85302734374999,\n              32.368363067704706\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.85302734374999,\n              31.53640812943961\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8c5b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frenzel, P. F.","contributorId":98726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frenzel","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kaehler, C. A.","contributorId":59469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaehler","given":"C. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderholm, S. K.","contributorId":69149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderholm","given":"S. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":65475,"text":"i2070 - 1990 - Controlled photomosaic of the Gipul Catena region of Callisto","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:08","indexId":"i2070","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2070","subseriesTitle":"NONE","title":"Controlled photomosaic of the Gipul Catena region of Callisto","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/i2070","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1990, Controlled photomosaic of the Gipul Catena region of Callisto: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2070, 1 remote-sensing image ;43 cm. diam., on sheet 75 x 52 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/i2070.","productDescription":"1 remote-sensing image ;43 cm. diam., on sheet 75 x 52 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":189600,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":100962,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2070/plate-1.pdf","size":"3592","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"5000000","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae2e4b07f02db688bae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":533862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":30399,"text":"wri894143 - 1990 - Geohydrology and ground-water quality at the Pueblo Depot activity landfill near Pueblo, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:57","indexId":"wri894143","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4143","title":"Geohydrology and ground-water quality at the Pueblo Depot activity landfill near Pueblo, Colorado","docAbstract":"Groundwater samples were collected from the shallow unconfined aquifer at the Pueblo Depot Activity (Colorado) landfill and downstream from the landfill. The Pueblo Depot Activity is a U.S. Department of the Army facility in southeastern Colorado about 15 miles east of Pueblo, Colorado. The land-fill is underlain by upland alluvial terrace deposits that overlie a thick and almost impermeable shale. Saturated thickness of the aquifer generally is from 5 to 10 feet. Groundwater flow at the landfill is to the south-southeast toward the Arkansas River valley. Though not hydraulically connected to the upland terrace deposits, the alluvium underlying the Arkansas River valley may be recharged by groundwater that is discharged from seeps at the contact of the upland terrace deposits and the Pierre Shale. The water is classified as a mixed-cation mixed-anion type water that has concentrations of dissolved solids of 710 to 1,810 mg/L. Dissolved-solids concentrations increase downgradient. Chemical analysis, done to determine possible contamination of the groundwater, indicated that concentrations of trichloroethylene ranged from 5.2 to 2,900 microg/L and of trans-1,2-dichloroethylene ranged from 5 to 720 microg/L. The areal distribution of these volatile organic compounds indicate that there possibly are two sources of contamination of groundwater at the landfill, one upgradient from the landfill and the other within the landfill. Analysis of water samples from wells and seeps offsite and downgradient from the landfill did not indicate either contaminant in groundwater from the alluvial aquifer underlying the Arkansas River valley. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri894143","usgsCitation":"Watts, K.R., and Ortiz, R.F., 1990, Geohydrology and ground-water quality at the Pueblo Depot activity landfill near Pueblo, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4143, v, 75p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894143.","productDescription":"v, 75p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124310,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4143/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59169,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4143/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8cea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Watts, Kenneth R. krwatts@usgs.gov","contributorId":1647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watts","given":"Kenneth","email":"krwatts@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":203188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ortiz, Roderick F. rfortiz@usgs.gov","contributorId":1126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ortiz","given":"Roderick","email":"rfortiz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":203187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":64964,"text":"i1947E - 1990 - Geologic map and profile of the north wall of the Snake River Canyon, Eden, Murtaugh, Milner Butte, and Milner quadrangles, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-23T09:59:45","indexId":"i1947E","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1947","chapter":"E","title":"Geologic map and profile of the north wall of the Snake River Canyon, Eden, Murtaugh, Milner Butte, and Milner quadrangles, Idaho","docAbstract":"<p>The Snake River Plain is a broad, arcuate region of low relief that extends more than 300 mi across southern Idaho. The Snake River enters the plain near Idaho Falls and flows westward along the&nbsp;southern margin of the eastern Snake River Plain (fig 1), a position mainly determined by the basaltic lava flows that erupted near the axis of the plain. The highly productive Snake River Plain aquifer (water table) is typically less than 500 ft below the land surface, but us deeper than 1,000 ft in a few areas. The Snake River has excavated a canyon into the nearly flat lying basaltic and sedimentary rocks of the &nbsp;eastern Snake River Plain between Milner Dam and King Hill (fig. 2), a distance of almost 90 mi. For much of its length the canyon intersects the Snake River Plain aquifer, which discharges form the northern canyon wall as springs of variable size, spacing and altitude. Geologic controls on wprings are of importance because nearly 60 percent of the aquifer's discharge occurs as spring flow along this reach of the canyon. This report is one of the several that describes the geologic occurrence of the springs along the northern wall of the Snake River canyone from Milner Dam to King Hill.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/i1947E","usgsCitation":"Covington, H., and Weaver, J.N., 1990, Geologic map and profile of the north wall of the Snake River Canyon, Eden, Murtaugh, Milner Butte, and Milner quadrangles, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 1947, 49.48 x 29.55 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/i1947E.","productDescription":"49.48 x 29.55 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":189320,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/i1947E.PNG"},{"id":327543,"rank":701,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/1947e/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":107204,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_10025.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"10025"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Snake River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -114.42535400390625,\n              42.454874423427874\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.42535400390625,\n              42.60768474453004\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.82659912109375,\n              42.60768474453004\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.82659912109375,\n              42.454874423427874\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.42535400390625,\n              42.454874423427874\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a493c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Covington, H. R.","contributorId":92671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Covington","given":"H. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":272434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weaver, Jean N.","contributorId":65099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weaver","given":"Jean","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":272433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":30221,"text":"wri894144 - 1990 - Hydrogeology of a hazardous-waste disposal site near Brentwood, Williamson County, Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:50","indexId":"wri894144","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4144","title":"Hydrogeology of a hazardous-waste disposal site near Brentwood, Williamson County, Tennessee","docAbstract":"Approximately 44,000 gal of industrial solvent wastes were disposed in pits on a farm near Brentwood, Tennessee, in 1978, and contaminants were reported in the soil and shallow groundwater on the site in 1985. In order for the State to evaluate possible remedial-action alternatives, an 18-month study was conducted to define the hydrogeologic setting of the site and surrounding area. The area is underlain by four hydrogeologic units: (1) an upper aquifer consisting of saturated regolith, Bigby-Cannon Limestone, and weathered Hermitage Formation; (2) the Hermitage confining unit; (3) a lower aquifer consisting of the Carters Limestone; and (4) the Lebanon confining unit. Wells generally are low yielding less than 1 gal/min ), although locally the aquifers may yield as much as 80 gal/minute. This lower aquifer is anisotropic, and transmissivity of this aquifer is greatest in a northwest-southeast direction. Recharge to the groundwater system is primarily from precipitation, and estimates of average annual recharge rates range from 6 to 15 inches/year. Discharge from the groundwater system is primarily to the Little Harpeth River and its tributaries. Groundwater flow at the disposal site is mainly to a small topographic depression that drains the site. Geochemical data indicate four distinct water types. These types represent (1) shallow, rapidly circulating groundwater; (2) deeper (&gt; than 100 ft), rapidly circulating groundwater; (3) shallow, slow moving groundwater; and (4) deeper, slow moving groundwater. Results of the numerical model indicate that most flow is in the upper aquifer. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nOpen-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri894144","usgsCitation":"Tucci, P., Hanchar, D., and Lee, R.W., 1990, Hydrogeology of a hazardous-waste disposal site near Brentwood, Williamson County, Tennessee: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4144, v, 68 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894144.","productDescription":"v, 68 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":2415,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri89-4144","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":122688,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_89_4144.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ae4b07f02db6248c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tucci, Patrick ptucci@usgs.gov","contributorId":926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tucci","given":"Patrick","email":"ptucci@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":202882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hanchar, D. W.","contributorId":87986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanchar","given":"D. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lee, R. W.","contributorId":86757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":18553,"text":"ofr90370 - 1990 - Concentrations of metals in bed material in the area of Congaree Swamp National Monument and in water in Cedar Creek, Richland County, South Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-16T09:18:13","indexId":"ofr90370","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"90-370","title":"Concentrations of metals in bed material in the area of Congaree Swamp National Monument and in water in Cedar Creek, Richland County, South Carolina","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr90370","usgsCitation":"Cooney, T.W., 1990, Concentrations of metals in bed material in the area of Congaree Swamp National Monument and in water in Cedar Creek, Richland County, South Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 90-370, iii, 18 p. :maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr90370.","productDescription":"iii, 18 p. :maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":151581,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1990/0370/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":47905,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1990/0370/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","county":"Richland County, ","otherGeospatial":"Cedar Creek, Congaree Swamp National Monument","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -81.5185546875,\n              33.65349459599047\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.5185546875,\n              34.27310565528197\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.4913330078125,\n              34.27310565528197\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.4913330078125,\n              33.65349459599047\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.5185546875,\n              33.65349459599047\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b16e4b07f02db6a543d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cooney, Theodore W.","contributorId":88380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooney","given":"Theodore","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":179329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":18827,"text":"ofr90124 - 1990 - Solid-precipitation (snowfall) measurement intercomparison, Bismarck, North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-05T16:17:58","indexId":"ofr90124","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"90-124","title":"Solid-precipitation (snowfall) measurement intercomparison, Bismarck, North Dakota","docAbstract":"<p>Difficulties involved in obtaining accurate measurements of solid precipitation (snowfall) have been recognized for many years. Many studies have been conducted to evaluate the accuracy and performance of precipitation gages. These studies show that the type of collection method used can significantly affect the quantity of precipitation measured. Although the types of collection methods evaluated differed for each study and the magnitude of measurement error differed for each study, all of the studies concluded that wind is the major cause of measurement error.</p><p>Measurement error caused by wind is the result of turbulence and wind speed in the vicinity of the gage orifice (opening). As air rises to pass over the gage, precipitation particles that would have entered the gage orifice are deflected and carried farther downwind. Measurement errors increase as wind speed increases. Studies have shown that measurement errors as great as 80 percent can be attributed to wind. Wind speed and turbulence can be reduced by shielding the gage from the wind. Several types of windshields have been built to decrease wind-related errors.</p><p>The World Meteorological Organization recognized the need for an international comparison of current methods used for measuring solid precipitation and proposed the Solid Precipitation Measurement Intercomparison. The objectives of the Intercomparison are to:</p><ul><li>Determine the wind-related errors in methods of solid-precipitation measurements;<br></li><li>Derive standard methods for correcting solid-precipitation measurements;<br></li><li>Introduce a reference method of solid-precipitation measurement for general use to calibrate any type of precipitation gage; and<br></li><li>Establish a complete solid-precipitation data set<br></li></ul>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr90124","usgsCitation":"Emerson, D.G., and Macek-Rowland, K.M., 1990, Solid-precipitation (snowfall) measurement intercomparison, Bismarck, North Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 90-124, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr90124.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":48214,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1990/0124/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":150630,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1990/0124/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49efe4b07f02db5eda8e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Emerson, Douglas G.","contributorId":40579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emerson","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":179811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Macek-Rowland, Kathleen M.","contributorId":50565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Macek-Rowland","given":"Kathleen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":179812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}