{"pageNumber":"1822","pageRowStart":"45525","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":70032477,"text":"70032477 - 2011 - Could residual oil from the Exxon Valdez spill create a long-term population \"sink\" for sea otters in Alaska?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-28T15:08:51","indexId":"70032477","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Could residual oil from the Exxon Valdez spill create a long-term population \"sink\" for sea otters in Alaska?","docAbstract":"Over 20 years ago, the Exxon Valdez oil tanker spilled 42 million L of crude oil into the waters of Prince William Sound, Alaska, USA. At the time of the spill, the sea otter (Enhydra lutris) population inhabiting the spill area suffered substantial acute injuries and loss. Subsequent research has resulted in one of the best-studied species responses to an oil spill in history. However, the question remains: Is the spill still influencing the Prince William Sound sea otter population? Here we fit time-varying population models to data for the sea otter population of western Prince William Sound to quantify the duration and extent of mortality effects from the spill. We hypothesize that the patchy nature of residual oil left in the environment has created a source-sink population dynamic. We fit models using the age distributions of both living and dying animals and estimates of sea otter population size to predict the number of sea otters in the hypothesized sink population and the number lost to this sink due to chronic exposure to residual oil. Our results suggest that the sink population has remained at just over 900 individuals (95% CI: 606-960) between 1990 and 2009, during which time prime-age survival remained 2-6% below pre-spill levels. This reduced survival led to chronic losses of ???900 animals over the past two decades, which is similar in magnitude to the number of sea otter deaths documented in western Prince William Sound during the acute phase of the spill. However, the unaffected source population appears to be counterbalancing these losses, with the model indicating that the sea otter population increased from ???2150 individuals in 1990 to nearly 3000 in 2009. The most optimistic interpretation of our results suggests that mortality effects dissipated between 2005 and 2007. Our results suggest that residual oil can affect wildlife populations on time scales much longer than previously believed and that cumulative chronic effects can be as significant as acute effects. Further, source-sink population dynamics can explain the slow recovery observed in the spill-affected western Prince William Sound sea otter population and are consistent with available data. ??2011 by the Ecological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1890/11-0152.1","issn":"10510761","usgsCitation":"Monson, D., Doak, D.F., Ballachey, B.E., and Bodkin, J.L., 2011, Could residual oil from the Exxon Valdez spill create a long-term population \"sink\" for sea otters in Alaska?: Ecological Applications, v. 21, no. 8, p. 2917-2932, https://doi.org/10.1890/11-0152.1.","startPage":"2917","endPage":"2932","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487755,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/11-0152.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":241343,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fc83e4b0c8380cd4e2be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Monson, Daniel H. 0000-0002-4593-5673 dmonson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4593-5673","contributorId":140480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monson","given":"Daniel H.","email":"dmonson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":436387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Doak, Daniel F.","contributorId":46811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doak","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ballachey, Brenda E. 0000-0003-1855-9171 bballachey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1855-9171","contributorId":2966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ballachey","given":"Brenda","email":"bballachey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":436386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bodkin, James L. 0000-0003-1641-4438 jbodkin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1641-4438","contributorId":748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodkin","given":"James","email":"jbodkin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":436385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70032226,"text":"70032226 - 2011 - Integration of paleoseismic data from multiple sites to develop an objective earthquake chronology: Application to the Weber segment of the Wasatch fault zone, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:24","indexId":"70032226","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integration of paleoseismic data from multiple sites to develop an objective earthquake chronology: Application to the Weber segment of the Wasatch fault zone, Utah","docAbstract":"We present a method to evaluate and integrate paleoseismic data from multiple sites into a single, objective measure of earthquake timing and recurrence on discrete segments of active faults. We apply this method to the Weber segment (WS) of the Wasatch fault zone using data from four fault-trench studies completed between 1981 and 2009. After systematically reevaluating the stratigraphic and chronologic data from each trench site, we constructed time-stratigraphic OxCal models that yield site probability density functions (PDFs) of the times of individual earthquakes. We next qualitatively correlated the site PDFs into a segment-wide earthquake chronology, which is supported by overlapping site PDFs, large per-event displacements, and prominent segment boundaries. For each segment-wide earthquake, we computed the product of the site PDF probabilities in common time bins, which emphasizes the overlap in the site earthquake times, and gives more weight to the narrowest, best-defined PDFs. The product method yields smaller earthquake-timing uncertainties compared to taking the mean of the site PDFs, but is best suited to earthquakes constrained by broad, overlapping site PDFs. We calculated segment-wide earthquake recurrence intervals and uncertainties using a Monte Carlo model. Five surface-faulting earthquakes occurred on the WS at about 5.9, 4.5, 3.1, 1.1, and 0.6 ka. With the exception of the 1.1-ka event, we used the product method to define the earthquake times. The revised WS chronology yields a mean recurrence interval of 1.3 kyr (0.7-1.9-kyr estimated two-sigma [2??] range based on interevent recurrence). These data help clarify the paleoearthquake history of the WS, including the important question of the timing and rupture extent of the most recent earthquake, and are essential to the improvement of earthquake-probability assessments for the Wasatch Front region.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120110102","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"DuRoss, C., Personius, S., Crone, A.J., Olig, S., and Lund, W., 2011, Integration of paleoseismic data from multiple sites to develop an objective earthquake chronology: Application to the Weber segment of the Wasatch fault zone, Utah: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 101, no. 6, p. 2765-2781, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120110102.","startPage":"2765","endPage":"2781","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214826,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120110102"},{"id":242578,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"101","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-12-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3c8de4b0c8380cd62e2e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DuRoss, C. B.","contributorId":86003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DuRoss","given":"C. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Personius, S. F. 0000-0001-8347-7370","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8347-7370","contributorId":31408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Personius","given":"S. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Crone, A. J.","contributorId":84363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crone","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Olig, S.S.","contributorId":68905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olig","given":"S.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lund, W.R.","contributorId":58781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lund","given":"W.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70034988,"text":"70034988 - 2011 - Arsenic in sediments, groundwater, and streamwater of a glauconitic Coastal Plain terrain, New Jersey, USA-Chemical \" fingerprints\" for geogenic and anthropogenic sources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-03T19:22:54.817884","indexId":"70034988","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Arsenic in sediments, groundwater, and streamwater of a glauconitic Coastal Plain terrain, New Jersey, USA-Chemical \" fingerprints\" for geogenic and anthropogenic sources","docAbstract":"<p><span>Glauconite-bearing deposits are found worldwide, but As levels have been determined for relatively few. The As content of glauconites in sediments of the Inner Coastal Plain of New Jersey can exceed 100</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>mg/kg, and total As concentrations (up to 5.95</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>μg/L) found historically and recently in streamwaters exceed the State standard. In a major watershed of the Inner Coastal Plain, chemical “fingerprints” were developed for streambed sediments and groundwater to identify contributions of As to the watershed from geologic and anthropogenic sources. The fingerprint for streambed sediments, which included Be, Cr, Fe and V, indicated that As was predominantly of geologic origin. High concentrations of dissolved organic C, nutrients (and Cl</span><sup>−</sup><span>) in shallow groundwater indicated anthropogenic inputs that provided an environment where microbial activity released As from minerals to groundwater discharging to the stream. Particulates in streamwater during high flow constituted most of the As load; the chemical patterns for these particulates resembled the geologic fingerprint of the streambed sediments. The As/Cr ratio of these suspended particles likely indicates they derived not only from runoff, but from groundwater inputs, because As contributed by groundwater is sequestered on streambed sediments. Agricultural inputs of As were not clearly identified, although chemical characteristics of some sediments indicated vehicle-related inputs of metals. Sediment sampling during dry and wet years showed that, under differing hydrologic conditions, local anthropogenic fingerprints could be obscured but the geologic fingerprint, indicating glauconitic sediments as an As source, was robust.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.01.034","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Barringer, J., Reilly, P.A., Eberl, D.D., Blum, A., Bonin, J., Rosman, R., Hirst, B., Alebus, M., Cenno, K., and Gorska, M., 2011, Arsenic in sediments, groundwater, and streamwater of a glauconitic Coastal Plain terrain, New Jersey, USA-Chemical \" fingerprints\" for geogenic and anthropogenic sources: Applied Geochemistry, v. 26, no. 5, p. 763-776, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.01.034.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"763","endPage":"776","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243247,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215440,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.01.034"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","otherGeospatial":"New Jersey","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -75.5419921875,\n              39.53793974517628\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.68505859374999,\n              39.095962936305476\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.06982421875,\n              39.757879992021756\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.916015625,\n              40.212440718286466\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.5751953125,\n              40.27952566881291\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.21240234375,\n              39.87601941962116\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.5419921875,\n              39.53793974517628\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"26","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ed94e4b0c8380cd498b5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barringer, Julia jbarring@usgs.gov","contributorId":169542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barringer","given":"Julia","email":"jbarring@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":448718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reilly, Pamela A. 0000-0002-2937-4490 jankowsk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2937-4490","contributorId":653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reilly","given":"Pamela","email":"jankowsk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":448719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eberl, D. D.","contributorId":66282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eberl","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Blum, A.E.","contributorId":100514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blum","given":"A.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bonin, J.L. 0000-0002-5813-3549","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5813-3549","contributorId":55642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonin","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rosman, Robert 0000-0001-5042-1872 rrosman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5042-1872","contributorId":2846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosman","given":"Robert","email":"rrosman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":448721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hirst, B.","contributorId":78555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hirst","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Alebus, M.","contributorId":84166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alebus","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Cenno, K.","contributorId":66919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cenno","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Gorska, M.","contributorId":87773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gorska","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70034842,"text":"70034842 - 2011 - Design of ecoregional monitoring in conservation areas of high-latitude ecosystems under contemporary climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-12-18T15:11:32","indexId":"70034842","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Design of ecoregional monitoring in conservation areas of high-latitude ecosystems under contemporary climate change","docAbstract":"<p><span>Land ownership in Alaska includes a mosaic of federally managed units. Within its agency&rsquo;s context, each unit has its own management strategy, authority, and resources of conservation concern, many of which are migratory animals. Though some units are geographically isolated, many are nevertheless linked by paths of abiotic and biotic flows, such as rivers, air masses, flyways, and terrestrial and aquatic migration routes. Furthermore, individual land units exist within the context of a larger landscape pattern of shifting conditions, requiring managers to understand at larger spatial scales the status and trends in the synchrony and spatial concurrence of species and associated suitable habitats. Results of these changes will determine the ability of Alaska lands to continue to: provide habitat for local and migratory species; absorb species whose ranges are shifting northward; and experience mitigation or exacerbation of climate change through positive and negative atmospheric feedbacks. We discuss the geographic and statutory contexts that influence development of ecological monitoring; argue for the inclusion of significant amounts of broad-scale monitoring; discuss the importance of defining clear programmatic and monitoring objectives; and draw from lessons learned from existing long-term, broad-scale monitoring programs to apply to the specific contexts relevant to high-latitude protected areas such as those in Alaska. Such areas are distinguished by their: marked seasonality; relatively large magnitudes of contemporary change in climatic parameters; and relative inaccessibility due to broad spatial extent, very low (or zero) road density, and steep and glaciated areas. For ecological monitoring to effectively support management decisions in high-latitude areas such as Alaska, a monitoring program ideally would be structured to address the actual spatial and temporal scales of relevant processes, rather than the artificial boundaries of individual land-management units. Heuristic models provide a means by which to integrate understanding of ecosystem structure, composition, and function, in the midst of numerous ecosystem drivers.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2010.06.022","issn":"00063207","usgsCitation":"Beever, E.A., and Woodward, A., 2011, Design of ecoregional monitoring in conservation areas of high-latitude ecosystems under contemporary climate change: Biological Conservation, v. 144, no. 5, p. 1258-1269, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2010.06.022.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1258","endPage":"1269","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243862,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216023,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2010.06.022"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -174.28710937499997,\n              51.34433866059924\n            ],\n            [\n              -174.28710937499997,\n              71.46912418989677\n            ],\n            [\n              -129.638671875,\n              71.46912418989677\n            ],\n            [\n              -129.638671875,\n              51.34433866059924\n            ],\n            [\n              -174.28710937499997,\n              51.34433866059924\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"144","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ff3fe4b0c8380cd4f0c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beever, Erik A. 0000-0002-9369-486X ebeever@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9369-486X","contributorId":2934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beever","given":"Erik","email":"ebeever@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":447893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woodward, Andrea 0000-0003-0604-9115 awoodward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0604-9115","contributorId":3028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodward","given":"Andrea","email":"awoodward@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":447892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70032520,"text":"70032520 - 2011 - Seasonal movements and environmental triggers to fall migration of Sage Sparrows","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-20T12:27:37","indexId":"70032520","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3784,"text":"Wilson Journal of Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal movements and environmental triggers to fall migration of Sage Sparrows","docAbstract":"Post-breeding ecology of shrubland passerines prior to onset of migration is unknown relative to dynamics of breeding areas. We radiomarked and monitored 38 Sage Sparrows (Amphispiza belli ssp. nevadensis) at one site in Oregon and two in Nevada from September to mid-November 2007 to track local movements, estimate seasonal range sizes, and characterize weather patterns triggering onset of migration. Median area used by Sage Sparrows monitored between 3 and 18 days during or prior to migration was 14 ha; maximum daily movement was 15 km. Radio-marked Sage Sparrows at each location departed individually, rather than en masse, corresponding with passage of cold front weather systems. Conventional telemetry techniques limited our ability to monitor Sage Sparrows beyond pre-migratory periods and precluded detecting and tracking actual movements during migration. ?? 2011 by the Wilson Ornithological Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wilson Journal of Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1676/10-196.1","issn":"15594491","usgsCitation":"Fesenmyer, K., and Knick, S., 2011, Seasonal movements and environmental triggers to fall migration of Sage Sparrows: Wilson Journal of Ornithology, v. 123, no. 4, p. 803-807, https://doi.org/10.1676/10-196.1.","startPage":"803","endPage":"807","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241447,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213788,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1676/10-196.1"}],"volume":"123","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b88c1e4b08c986b316b52","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fesenmyer, K.A.","contributorId":74967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fesenmyer","given":"K.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knick, S.T.","contributorId":71290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knick","given":"S.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70034967,"text":"70034967 - 2011 - Implementation of unmanned aircraft systems by the U.S. Geological Survey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:42","indexId":"70034967","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1753,"text":"Geocarto International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Implementation of unmanned aircraft systems by the U.S. Geological Survey","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) Project Office is leading the implementation of UAS technology in anticipation of transforming the research methods and management techniques employed across the Department of the Interior. UAS technology is being made available to monitor environmental conditions, analyse the impacts of climate change, respond to natural hazards, understand landscape change rates and consequences, conduct wildlife inventories and support related land management missions. USGS is teaming with the Department of the Interior Aviation Management Directorate (AMD) to lead the safe and cost-effective adoption of UAS technology by the Department of the Interior Agencies and USGS scientists.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geocarto International","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1080/10106049.2010.533199","issn":"10106049","usgsCitation":"Cress, J., Sloan, J., and Hutt, M., 2011, Implementation of unmanned aircraft systems by the U.S. Geological Survey: Geocarto International, v. 26, no. 2, p. 133-140, https://doi.org/10.1080/10106049.2010.533199.","startPage":"133","endPage":"140","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216034,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10106049.2010.533199"},{"id":243873,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3911e4b0c8380cd617b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cress, J.J.","contributorId":61669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cress","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sloan, J.L.","contributorId":35977,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sloan","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hutt, M.E.","contributorId":43195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutt","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70043293,"text":"70043293 - 2011 - On the terminology of the spectral vegetation index (NIR – SWIR)/(NIR + SWIR)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-30T14:11:09","indexId":"70043293","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2068,"text":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On the terminology of the spectral vegetation index (NIR – SWIR)/(NIR + SWIR)","docAbstract":"The spectral vegetation index (&rho;NIR – &rho;SWIR)/(&rho;NIR + &rho;SWIR), where &rho;NIR and &rho;SWIR are the near-infrared (NIR) and shortwave-infrared (SWIR) reflectances, respectively, has been widely used to indicate vegetation moisture condition. This index has multiple names in the literature, including infrared index (II), normalized difference infrared index (NDII), normalized difference water index (NDWI), normalized difference moisture index (NDMI), land surface water index (LSWI), and normalized burn ratio (NBR), etc. After reviewing each term’s definition, associated sensors, and channel specifications, we found that the index consists of three variants, differing only in the SWIR region (1.2–1.3 µm, 1.55–1.75 µm, or 2.05–2.45 µm). Thus, three terms are sufficient to represent these three SWIR variants; other names are redundant and therefore unnecessary. Considering the spectral representativeness, the term’s popularity, and the “rule of priority” in scientific nomenclature, NDWI, NDII, and NBR, each corresponding to the three SWIR regions, are more preferable terms.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/01431161.2010.510811","usgsCitation":"Ji, L., Zhang, L., Wylie, B.K., and Rover, J.R., 2011, On the terminology of the spectral vegetation index (NIR – SWIR)/(NIR + SWIR): International Journal of Remote Sensing, v. 32, no. 21, p. 6901-6909, https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2010.510811.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"6901","endPage":"6909","numberOfPages":"9","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-022003","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271677,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":271676,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2010.510811"}],"volume":"32","issue":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-09-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5180e7eae4b0df838b924d84","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ji, Lel","contributorId":98609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ji","given":"Lel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zhang, Li","contributorId":98139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"Li","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wylie, Bruce K. 0000-0002-7374-1083 wylie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7374-1083","contributorId":750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wylie","given":"Bruce","email":"wylie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":473309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rover, Jennifer R. 0000-0002-3437-4030 jrover@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3437-4030","contributorId":2941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rover","given":"Jennifer","email":"jrover@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70036519,"text":"70036519 - 2011 - Mantle to surface degassing of alkalic magmas at Erebus volcano, Antarctica","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-07T17:16:07.029115","indexId":"70036519","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mantle to surface degassing of alkalic magmas at Erebus volcano, Antarctica","docAbstract":"<p><span>Continental intraplate volcanoes, such as Erebus volcano, Antarctica, are associated with extensional tectonics, mantle upwelling and high heat flow. Typically, erupted magmas are alkaline and rich in volatiles (especially CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>), inherited from low degrees of partial melting of mantle sources. We examine the degassing of the magmatic system at Erebus volcano using melt inclusion data and high temporal resolution open-path Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic measurements of gas emissions from the active lava lake. Remarkably different gas signatures are associated with passive and explosive gas emissions, representative of volatile contents and redox conditions that reveal contrasting shallow and deep degassing sources. We show that this unexpected degassing signature provides a unique probe for magma differentiation and transfer of CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>-rich oxidised fluids from the mantle to the surface, and evaluate how these processes operate in time and space. Extensive crystallisation driven by CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;fluxing is responsible for isobaric fractionation of parental basanite magmas close to their source depth. Magma deeper than 4</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>kbar equilibrates under vapour-buffered conditions. At shallower depths, CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>-rich fluids accumulate and are then released either via convection-driven, open-system gas loss or as closed-system slugs that ascend and result in Strombolian eruptions in the lava lake. The open-system gases have a reduced state (below the QFM buffer) whereas the closed-system gases preserve their deep oxidised signatures (close to the NNO buffer).</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2011.04.005","issn":"0012821X","usgsCitation":"Oppenheimer, C., Moretti, R., Kyle, P., Eschenbacher, A., Lowenstern, J.B., Hervig, R., and Dunbar, N.W., 2011, Mantle to surface degassing of alkalic magmas at Erebus volcano, Antarctica: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 306, no. 3-4, p. 261-271, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2011.04.005.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"261","endPage":"271","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475291,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://insu.hal.science/insu-00707142","text":"External 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,{"id":70034138,"text":"70034138 - 2011 - Mapping irrigated areas of Ghana using fusion of 30 m and 250 m resolution remote-sensing data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:50","indexId":"70034138","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping irrigated areas of Ghana using fusion of 30 m and 250 m resolution remote-sensing data","docAbstract":"Maps of irrigated areas are essential for Ghana's agricultural development. The goal of this research was to map irrigated agricultural areas and explain methods and protocols using remote sensing. Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM+) data and time-series Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data were used to map irrigated agricultural areas as well as other land use/land cover (LULC) classes, for Ghana. Temporal variations in the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) pattern obtained in the LULC class were used to identify irrigated and non-irrigated areas. First, the temporal variations in NDVI pattern were found to be more consistent in long-duration irrigated crops than with short-duration rainfed crops due to more assured water supply for irrigated areas. Second, surface water availability for irrigated areas is dependent on shallow dug-wells (on river banks) and dug-outs (in river bottoms) that affect the timing of crop sowing and growth stages, which was in turn reflected in the seasonal NDVI pattern. A decision tree approach using Landsat 30 m one time data fusion with MODIS 250 m time-series data was adopted to classify, group, and label classes. Finally, classes were tested and verified using ground truth data and national statistics. Fuzzy classification accuracy assessment for the irrigated classes varied between 67 and 93%. An irrigated area derived from remote sensing (32,421 ha) was 20-57% higher than irrigated areas reported by Ghana's Irrigation Development Authority (GIDA). This was because of the uncertainties involved in factors such as: (a) absence of shallow irrigated area statistics in GIDA statistics, (b) non-clarity in the irrigated areas in its use, under-development, and potential for development in GIDA statistics, (c) errors of omissions and commissions in the remote sensing approach, and (d) comparison involving widely varying data types, methods, and approaches used in determining irrigated area statistics using GIDA and remote sensing. Extensive field campaigns to help in better classification and validation of irrigated areas using high (30 m ) to very high (<5 m) resolution remote sensing data that are fused with multi temporal data like MODIS are the way forward. This is especially true in accounting for small yet contiguous patches of irrigated areas from dug-wells and dug-outs. ?? 2011 by the authors.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Remote Sensing","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.3390/rs3040816","issn":"20724292","usgsCitation":"Gumma, M., Thenkabail, P., Hideto, F., Nelson, A., Dheeravath, V., Busia, D., and Rala, A., 2011, Mapping irrigated areas of Ghana using fusion of 30 m and 250 m resolution remote-sensing data: Remote Sensing, v. 3, no. 4, p. 816-835, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs3040816.","startPage":"816","endPage":"835","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475249,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs3040816","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":216515,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs3040816"},{"id":244392,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-04-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a505de4b0c8380cd6b64a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gumma, M.K.","contributorId":12286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gumma","given":"M.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thenkabail, P.S.","contributorId":66071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thenkabail","given":"P.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hideto, F.","contributorId":37567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hideto","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nelson, A.","contributorId":50343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dheeravath, V.","contributorId":55234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dheeravath","given":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Busia, D.","contributorId":60471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Busia","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rala, A.","contributorId":58119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rala","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70034082,"text":"70034082 - 2011 - Predation on juvenile pacific salmon oncorhynchus spp. in downstream migrant traps in prairie creek, california","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:45","indexId":"70034082","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predation on juvenile pacific salmon oncorhynchus spp. in downstream migrant traps in prairie creek, california","docAbstract":"Downstream migrant traps are a widely applied fishery management tool for sampling anadromous Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. and steelhead O. mykiss smolts along theWest Coast of North America and elsewhere, yet predation on juvenile salmonids in traps has not been studied quantitatively.We assessed the frequency of occurrence and abundance of juvenile salmonids in the stomachs of coastal cutthroat trout O. clarkii clarkii, coho salmon O. kisutch, steelhead, and prickly sculpin Cottus asper (>70 mm fork length) captured in traps and in nearby stream habitats. All four predator species took juvenile salmonids with much greater frequency in traps than in stream habitats. Among free-swimming predators, only coastal cutthroat trout were observed with salmonid fry in their stomachs, but they took fewer salmonid prey and appeared to rely more heavily on insect prey than did coastal cutthroat trout captured in traps. Predators consumed up to 25% of the available prey over a broad range of prey abundances. Over the course of the study, predators consumed 2.5% of all salmonid fry captured in traps, but this fraction ranged from less than 1% to more than 10% in any given year. The number of prey taken in traps increased with predator length and with prey abundance in traps, and predation in traps peaked during the period of most intense downstream migration by salmon fry. In contrast, live-box design and trap location had little or no effect on the total number of prey taken by individual predators.We estimated that the predation mortality of juvenile salmon increased by 0.5-1.0% due to in-trap predation (i.e., a 9-10% relative increase over natural predation rates). We found no evidence that predators selected for prey on the basis of species. These results should motivate additional research on methods that reduce or eliminate predation in trap live-boxes and protocols for efficiently measuring predation associated with the trapping of downstream migrants. ?? American Fisheries Society 2011.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1080/02755947.2011.562752","issn":"02755947","usgsCitation":"Duffy, W., Bjorkstedt, E., and Ellings, C., 2011, Predation on juvenile pacific salmon oncorhynchus spp. in downstream migrant traps in prairie creek, california: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 31, no. 1, p. 151-164, https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2011.562752.","startPage":"151","endPage":"164","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216601,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2011.562752"},{"id":244481,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a815fe4b0c8380cd7b4cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Duffy, W.G.","contributorId":25506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duffy","given":"W.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bjorkstedt, E.P.","contributorId":20571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bjorkstedt","given":"E.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ellings, C.S.","contributorId":52011,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellings","given":"C.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70036701,"text":"70036701 - 2011 - Sea-level history of the past two interglacial periods: New evidence from U-series dating of reef corals from south Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-23T18:39:54.574325","indexId":"70036701","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sea-level history of the past two interglacial periods: New evidence from U-series dating of reef corals from south Florida","docAbstract":"<p><span>As a future warm-climate analog, much attention has been directed to studies of the Last Interglacial period or marine isotope substage (MIS) 5.5, which occurred ∼120,000 years ago. Nevertheless, there are still uncertainties with respect to its duration, warmth and magnitude of sea-level rise. Here we present new data from tectonically stable peninsular Florida and the Florida Keys that provide estimates of the timing and magnitude of sea-level rise during the Last Interglacial period. The Last Interglacial high sea stand in south Florida is recorded by the Key Largo Limestone, a fossil reef complex, and the Miami Limestone, an oolitic marine sediment. Thirty-five new, high-precision, uranium-series ages of fossil corals from the Key Largo Limestone indicate that sea level was significantly above present for at least 9000 years during the Last Interglacial period, and possibly longer. Ooids from the Miami Limestone show open-system histories with respect to U-series dating, but show a clear linear trend toward an age of ∼120&nbsp;ka, correlating this unit with the Last Interglacial corals of the Key Largo Limestone. Older fossil reefs at three localities in the Florida Keys have ages of ∼200&nbsp;ka and probably correlate to MIS 7. These reefs imply sea level near or slightly above present during the penultimate interglacial period. Elevation measurements of both the Key Largo Limestone and the Miami Limestone indicate that local (relative) sea level was at least 6.6&nbsp;m, and possibly as much as 8.3&nbsp;m higher than present during the Last Interglacial period.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.12.019","issn":"02773791","usgsCitation":"Muhs, D., Simmons, K., Schumann, R.R., and Halley, R.B., 2011, Sea-level history of the past two interglacial periods: New evidence from U-series dating of reef corals from south Florida: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 30, no. 5-6, p. 570-590, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.12.019.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"570","endPage":"590","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245516,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217563,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.12.019"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"South Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -82.08984375,\n              24.5271348225978\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.91455078125,\n              24.5271348225978\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.91455078125,\n              25.70093788144426\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.08984375,\n              25.70093788144426\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.08984375,\n              24.5271348225978\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"30","issue":"5-6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8817e4b08c986b3167d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muhs, Daniel R. 0000-0001-7449-251X dmuhs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7449-251X","contributorId":168575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhs","given":"Daniel R.","email":"dmuhs@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Simmons, Kathleen 0000-0002-7920-094X ksimmons@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7920-094X","contributorId":200362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simmons","given":"Kathleen","email":"ksimmons@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":457430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schumann, R. Randall 0000-0001-8158-6960 rschumann@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8158-6960","contributorId":1569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schumann","given":"R.","email":"rschumann@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Randall","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Halley, R. B.","contributorId":87941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halley","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70036901,"text":"70036901 - 2011 - Anthropogenic disturbance and landscape patterns affect diversity patterns of aquatic benthic macroinvertebrates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-17T20:03:15.580005","indexId":"70036901","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2564,"text":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","onlineIssn":"1937-237X","printIssn":"0887-3593","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Anthropogenic disturbance and landscape patterns affect diversity patterns of aquatic benthic macroinvertebrates","docAbstract":"<p><span>Measures of species diversity are valuable tools for assessing ecosystem health. However, most assessments have addressed individual sites or regional taxon pools, with few comparisons of differences in assemblage composition within or among regions. We examined the effects of anthropogenic disturbance on local richness (α diversity) and species turnover (β diversity) of benthic macroinvertebrates in small streams within and between 2 ecoregions (Northern Piedmont vs Southeastern Plains ecoregions) of the Patuxent River basin (Maryland, USA). Regional species pools did not differ between ecoregions (Piedmont  =  166 taxa, Plains  =  162 taxa); however, local richness was lower in the Plains (mean  =  17.4 taxa/stream) compared to the Piedmont (mean  =  22.2 taxa/stream). When streams were categorized into disturbance classes (low, medium, high), local richness did not differ among categories for either region. However, at the entire Patuxent scale, local richness tended to decrease with % impervious cover in a watershed. Variation in species composition, analyzed with nonmetric multidimensional scaling (nMDS), differed significantly between Piedmont and Plains streams, and Plains streams had higher β diversity than Piedmont streams. When partitioned by disturbance category and region, β diversity differed only between the low-disturbance sites (Plains &gt; Piedmont). Relationships between β diversity and environmental variables varied by region. β diversity was weakly negatively related to % row-crop cover in a watershed at the entire Patuxent scale. For the Piedmont region, β diversity tended to decrease with % forest, % pasture, and % row-crop cover in a watershed. Such negative relationships between β diversity and landuse variables indicate a possible homogenization of the assemblage. The incongruence between diversity measures and composition measures, together with differing effects of anthropogenic land use on β diversity in the 2 regions, emphasizes the need to incorporate both α and β diversity and regional environmental factors in conservation/land management studies.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"The University of Chicago Press Journals","doi":"10.1899/09-112.1","issn":"08873593","usgsCitation":"Maloney, K., Munguia, P., and Mitchell, R., 2011, Anthropogenic disturbance and landscape patterns affect diversity patterns of aquatic benthic macroinvertebrates: Journal of the North American Benthological Society, v. 30, no. 1, p. 284-295, https://doi.org/10.1899/09-112.1.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"284","endPage":"295","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245835,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217863,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1899/09-112.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","otherGeospatial":"Patuxent Watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -76.35498046875,\n              38.11727165830543\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.2615966796875,\n              38.14751758025121\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.4044189453125,\n              38.406253794852674\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.6241455078125,\n              38.955137225429574\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.827392578125,\n              38.997841307500714\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.904296875,\n              38.8782049970615\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.8658447265625,\n              38.59540719940386\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.629638671875,\n              38.3287297527893\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.35498046875,\n              38.11727165830543\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"30","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ec59e4b0c8380cd491f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maloney, K.O. 0000-0003-2304-0745","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2304-0745","contributorId":105414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maloney","given":"K.O.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":458404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Munguia, P.","contributorId":30855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munguia","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mitchell, R.M.","contributorId":28721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70035869,"text":"70035869 - 2011 - Geochemistry of southern Pagan Island lavas, Mariana arc: The role of subduction zone processes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-13T22:29:01","indexId":"70035869","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1336,"text":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemistry of southern Pagan Island lavas, Mariana arc: The role of subduction zone processes","docAbstract":"New major and trace element abundances, and Pb, Sr, and Nd isotopic ratios of Quaternary lavas from two adjacent volcanoes (South Pagan and the Central Volcanic Region, or CVR) located on Pagan Island allow us to investigate the mantle source (i.e., slab components) and melting dynamics within the Mariana intra-oceanic arc. Geologic mapping reveals a pre-caldera (780-9.4ka) and post-caldera (<9.4ka) eruptive stage for South Pagan, whereas the eruptive history of the older CVR is poorly constrained. Crystal fractionation and magma mixing were important crustal processes for lavas from both volcanoes. Geochemical and isotopic variations indicate that South Pagan and CVR lavas, and lavas from the northern volcano on the island, Mt. Pagan, originated from compositionally distinct parental magmas due to variations in slab contributions (sediment and aqueous fluid) to the mantle wedge and the extent of mantle partial melting. A mixing model based on Pb and Nd isotopic ratios suggests that the average amount of sediment in the source of CVR (~2.1%) and South Pagan (~1.8%) lavas is slightly higher than Mt. Pagan (~1.4%) lavas. These estimates span the range of sediment-poor Guguan (~1.3%) and sediment-rich Agrigan (~2.0%) lavas for the Mariana arc. Melt modeling demonstrates that the saucer-shaped normalized rare earth element (REE) patterns observed in Pagan lavas can arise from partial melting of a mixed source of depleted mantle and enriched sediment, and do not require amphibole interaction or fractionation to depress the middle REE abundances of the lavas. The modeled degree of mantle partial melting for Agrigan (2-5%), Pagan (3-7%), and Guguan (9-15%) lavas correlates with indicators of fluid addition (e.g., Ba/Th). This relationship suggests that the fluid flux to the mantle wedge is the dominant control on the extent of partial melting beneath Mariana arc volcanoes. A decrease in the amount of fluid addition (lower Ba/Th) and extent of melting (higher Sm/Yb), and an increase in the sediment contribution (higher Th/Nb, La/Sm, and Pb isotopic ratios) from Mt. Pagan to South Pagan could reflect systematic cross-arc or irregular along-arc melting variations. These observations indicate that the length scale of compositional heterogeneity in the mantle wedge beneath Mariana arc volcanoes is small (~10km).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s00410-010-0592-1","issn":"00107999","usgsCitation":"Marske, J., Pietruszka, A., Trusdell, F., and Garcia, M., 2011, Geochemistry of southern Pagan Island lavas, Mariana arc: The role of subduction zone processes: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 162, no. 2, p. 231-252, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-010-0592-1.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"231","endPage":"252","costCenters":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":216409,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00410-010-0592-1"},{"id":244278,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Pagan Island","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 145.703852,18.04143 ], [ 145.703852,18.176948 ], [ 145.813131,18.176948 ], [ 145.813131,18.04143 ], [ 145.703852,18.04143 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"162","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-11-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1714e4b0c8380cd5538b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marske, J.P.","contributorId":47198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marske","given":"J.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pietruszka, A.J.","contributorId":52811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pietruszka","given":"A.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Trusdell, F. A.","contributorId":57471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trusdell","given":"F. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Garcia, M.O.","contributorId":47868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garcia","given":"M.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70034079,"text":"70034079 - 2011 - Secondary chaotic terrain formation in the higher outflow channels of southern circum-Chryse, Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:45","indexId":"70034079","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Secondary chaotic terrain formation in the higher outflow channels of southern circum-Chryse, Mars","docAbstract":"Higher outflow channel dissection in the martian region of southern circum-Chryse appears to have extended from the Late Hesperian to the Middle Amazonian Epoch. These outflow channels were excavated within the upper 1. km of the cryolithosphere, where no liquid water is expected to have existed during these geologic epochs. In accordance with previous work, our examination of outflow channel floor morphologies suggests the upper crust excavated by the studied outflow channels consisted of a thin (a few tens of meters) layer of dry geologic materials overlying an indurated zone that extends to the bases of the investigated outflow channels (1. km in depth). We find that the floors of these outflow channels contain widespread secondary chaotic terrains (i.e., chaotic terrains produced by the destruction of channel-floor materials). These chaotic terrains occur within the full range of outflow channel dissection and tend to form clusters. Our examination of the geology of these chaotic terrains suggests that their formation did not result in the generation of floods. Nevertheless, despite their much smaller dimensions, these chaotic terrains are comprised of the same basic morphologic elements (e.g., mesas, knobs, and smooth deposits within scarp-bound depressions) as those located in the initiation zones of the outflow channels, which suggests that their formation must have involved the release of ground volatiles. We propose that these chaotic terrains developed not catastrophically but gradually and during multiple episodes of nested surface collapse. In order to explain the formation of secondary chaotic terrains within zones of outflow channel dissection, we propose that the regional Martian cryolithosphere contained widespread lenses of volatiles in liquid form. In this model, channel floor collapse and secondary chaotic terrain formation would have taken place as a consequence of instabilities arising during their exhumation by outflow channel dissection. Within relatively warm upper crustal materials in volcanic settings, or within highly saline crustal materials where cryopegs developed, lenses of volatiles in liquid form within the cryolithosphere could have formed, and/or remained stable.In addition, our numerical simulations suggest that low thermal conductivity, dry fine-grained porous geologic materials just a few tens of meters in thickness (e.g., dunes, sand sheets, some types of regolith materials), could have produced high thermal anomalies resulting in subsurface melting. The existence of a global layer of dry geologic materials overlying the cryolithosphere would suggest that widespread lenses of fluids existed (and may still exist) at shallow depths wherever these materials are fine-grained and porous. The surface ages of the investigated outflow channels and chaotic terrains span a full 500 to 700. Myr. Chaotic terrains similar in dimensions and morphology to secondary chaotic terrains are not observed conspicuously throughout the surface of Mars, suggesting that intra-cryolithospheric fluid lenses may form relatively stable systems. The existence of widespread groundwater lenses at shallow depths of burial has tremendous implications for exobiological studies and future human exploration. We find that the clear geomorphologic anomaly that the chaotic terrains and outflow channels of southern Chryse form within the Martian landscape could have been a consequence of large-scale resurfacing resulting from anomalously extensive subsurface melt in this region of the planet produced by high concentrations of salts within the regional upper crust. Crater count statistics reveal that secondary chaotic terrains and the outflow channels within which they occur have overlapping ages, suggesting that the instabilities leading to their formation rapidly dissipated, perhaps as the thickness of the cryolithosphere was reset following the disruption of the upper crustal thermal structure produced during outflow channel ex","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Icarus","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2010.09.027","issn":"00191035","usgsCitation":"Rodriguez, J., Kargel, J., Tanaka, K.L., Crown, D., Berman, D., Fairen, A., Baker, V., Furfaro, R., Candelaria, P., and Sasaki, S., 2011, Secondary chaotic terrain formation in the higher outflow channels of southern circum-Chryse, Mars: Icarus, v. 213, no. 1, p. 150-194, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2010.09.027.","startPage":"150","endPage":"194","numberOfPages":"45","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244420,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216543,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2010.09.027"}],"volume":"213","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8919e4b08c986b316d16","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rodriguez, J.A.P.","contributorId":55948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodriguez","given":"J.A.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kargel, J.S.","contributorId":88096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kargel","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tanaka, K. L.","contributorId":31394,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tanaka","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Crown, D.A.","contributorId":107918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crown","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Berman, D.C.","contributorId":82557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berman","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fairen, A.G.","contributorId":25335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fairen","given":"A.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Baker, V.R.","contributorId":47079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"V.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Furfaro, R.","contributorId":92887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Furfaro","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Candelaria, P.","contributorId":63647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Candelaria","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Sasaki, S.","contributorId":78534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sasaki","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70035698,"text":"70035698 - 2011 - Predominant bacteria isolated from moribund Fusconaia ebena ebonyshells experiencing die-offs in Pickwick Reservoir, Tennessee River, Alabama","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-06T17:07:39","indexId":"70035698","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2455,"text":"Journal of Shellfish Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predominant bacteria isolated from moribund Fusconaia ebena ebonyshells experiencing die-offs in Pickwick Reservoir, Tennessee River, Alabama","docAbstract":"Mussel die-offs have been noted in recent years in Pickwick Reservoir, Tennessee River, Alabama. The primary affected species was Fusconaia ebena, but also affected to lesser degrees were Ellipsaria lineolata, Quadrula pustulosa, and Quadrula quadrula. These events were characterized by large numbers of empty shells—fresh-dead and live individuals that were presumed to be diseased because of weak and slow valve closure responses to external stimuli. Anecdotal evidence suggested the possible involvement of an etiological agent, such as a bacterial pathogen. The die-offs have occurred in Pickwick Reservoir (river miles 236–256) in sequential years during the past approximately 10 y. These timeframes have coincided with reduced basin inflows and warmer water temperatures. The majority of the moribund and freshly dead F. ebena were females possibly predisposed to infection and disease from ongoing reproductive activity. Affected and healthy-cohort mussels were collected to characterize the bacterial flora prior to, during, and after a July 2006 die-off, and during a subsequent die-off in September 2008. The numbers of total bacteria from both the 2006 and 2008 die-offs were significantly greater from the diseased specimens. For example, from the September 2008 die-off, the mean count from diseased F. ebena soft tissues was 9.75 × 10<sup>6</sup> cfu/g, which was more than 100 times greater (P = 0.025) than the mean from healthy cohorts (6.74 × 10<sup>4</sup> cfu/g). The predominant bacteria from affected F. ebena from July 2006 were Hafnia alvei and Aeromonas sobria, whereas from September 2008 the predominant bacteria were Enterobacter spp., Aeromonas schubertii, Aeromonas veronii bv. veronii, and Aeromonas veronii bv. sobria.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Shellfish Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"National Shellfisheries Association","publisherLocation":"http://shellfish.org/","doi":"10.2983/035.030.0223","issn":"07308000","usgsCitation":"Starliper, C.E., Powell, J., Garner, J., and Schill, W.B., 2011, Predominant bacteria isolated from moribund Fusconaia ebena ebonyshells experiencing die-offs in Pickwick Reservoir, Tennessee River, Alabama: Journal of Shellfish Research, v. 30, no. 2, p. 359-366, https://doi.org/10.2983/035.030.0223.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"359","endPage":"366","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":216190,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2983/035.030.0223"},{"id":244044,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama","otherGeospatial":"Tennessee River;Pickwick Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -88.47,30.19 ], [ -88.47,35.0 ], [ -84.89,35.0 ], [ -84.89,30.19 ], [ -88.47,30.19 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"30","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8209e4b0c8380cd7b880","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Starliper, C. E.","contributorId":59739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Starliper","given":"C.","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Powell, J.","contributorId":30952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Garner, J.T.","contributorId":10209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garner","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schill, W. B.","contributorId":60146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schill","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70036409,"text":"70036409 - 2011 - Volcanism on Io: New insights from global geologic mapping","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-09T14:48:49","indexId":"70036409","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Volcanism on Io: New insights from global geologic mapping","docAbstract":"<p><span>We produced the first complete, 1:15</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>M-scale global geologic map of Jupiter’s moon Io, based on a set of monochrome and color&nbsp;</span><i>Galileo</i><span>–</span><i>Voyager</i><span>&nbsp;image mosaics produced at a spatial resolution of 1</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>km/pixel. The surface of Io was mapped into 19 units based on albedo, color and surface morphology, and is subdivided as follows: plains (65.8% of surface), lava flow fields (28.5%), mountains (3.2%), and patera floors (2.5%). Diffuse deposits (DD) that mantle the other units cover ∼18% of Io’s surface, and are distributed as follows: red (8.6% of surface), white (6.9%), yellow (2.1%), black (0.6%), and green (∼0.01%). Analyses of the geographical and areal distribution of these units yield a number of results, summarized below. (1) The distribution of plains units of different colors is generally geographically constrained: Red–brown plains occur &gt;±30° latitude, and are thought to result from enhanced alteration of other units induced by radiation coming in from the poles. White plains (possibly dominated by SO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span><span>+</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>contaminants) occur mostly in the equatorial antijovian region (±30°, 90–230°W), possibly indicative of a regional cold trap. Outliers of white, yellow, and red–brown plains in other regions may result from long-term accumulation of white, yellow, and red diffuse deposits, respectively. (2) Bright (possibly sulfur-rich) flow fields make up 30% more lava flow fields than dark (presumably silicate) flows (56.5% vs. 43.5%), and only 18% of bright flow fields occur within 10</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>km of dark flow fields. These results suggest that secondary sulfurous volcanism (where a bright-dark association is expected) could be responsible for only a fraction of Io’s recent bright flows, and that primary sulfur-rich effusions could be an important component of Io’s recent volcanism. An unusual concentration of bright flows at ∼45–75°N, ∼60–120°W could be indicative of more extensive primary sulfurous volcanism in the recent past. However, it remains unclear whether most bright flows are bright because they are sulfur flows, or because they are cold&nbsp;<a title=\"Learn more about Silicates\" href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/silicates\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/silicates\">silicate</a>&nbsp;flows covered in sulfur-rich particles from plume fallout. (3) We mapped 425 paterae (volcano-tectonic depressions), up from 417 previously identified by Radebaugh et al. (Radebaugh, J., Keszthelyi, L.P., McEwen, A.S., Turtle, E.P., Jaeger, W., Milazzo, M. [2001]. J. Geophys. Res. 106, 33005–33020). Although these features cover only 2.5% of Io’s surface, they correspond to 64% of all detected hot spots; 45% of all hot spots are associated with the freshest dark patera floors, reflecting the importance of active silicate volcanism to Io’s heat flow. (4) Mountains cover only ∼3% of the surface, although the transition from mountains to plains is gradational with the available imagery. 49% of all mountains are lineated and presumably layered, showing evidence of linear structures supportive of a tectonic origin. In contrast, only 6% of visible mountains are mottled (showing hummocks indicative of mass wasting) and 4% are tholi (domes or shields), consistent with a volcanic origin. (5) Initial analyses of the geographic distributions of map units show no significant longitudinal variation in the quantity of Io’s mountains or paterae, in contrast to earlier studies. This is because we use the area of mountain and patera materials as opposed to the number of structures, and our result suggests that the previously proposed anti-correlation of mountains and paterae (Schenk, P., Hargitai, H., Wilson, R., McEwen, A., Thomas, P. [2001]. J. Geophys. Res. 106, 33201–33222; Kirchoff, M.R., McKinnon, W.B., Schenk, P.M. [2011]. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 301, 22–30) is more complex than previously thought. There is also a slight decrease in surface area of lava flows toward the poles of Io, perhaps indicative of variations in volcanic activity. (6) The freshest bright and dark flows make up about 29% of all of Io’s flow fields, suggesting active emplacement is occurring in less than a third of Io’s visible lava fields. (7) About 47% of Io’s diffuse deposits (by area) are red, presumably deriving their color from condensed sulfur gas, and ∼38% are white, presumably dominated by condensed SO</span><sub>2</sub><span>. The much greater areal extent of gas-derived diffuse deposits (red</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>+</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>white, 85%) compared to presumably pyroclast-bearing diffuse deposits (dark (silicate tephra)</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>+</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>yellow (sulfur-rich tephra), 15%) indicates that there is effective separation between the transport of tephra and gas in many Ionian explosive eruptions. Future improvements in the geologic mapping of Io can be obtained via (a) investigating the relationships between different color/material units that are geographically and temporally associated, (b) better analysis of the temporal variations in the map units, and (c) additional high-resolution images (spatial resolutions ∼200</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>m/pixel or better). These improvements would be greatly facilitated by new data, which could be obtained by future missions.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Icarus","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2011.05.007","issn":"00191035","usgsCitation":"Williams, D., Keszthelyi, L., Crown, D.A., Yff, J.A., Jaeger, W.L., Schenk, P.M., Geissler, P.E., and Becker, T.L., 2011, Volcanism on Io: New insights from global geologic mapping: Icarus, v. 214, no. 1, p. 91-112, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2011.05.007.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"91","endPage":"112","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246160,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218175,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2011.05.007"}],"volume":"214","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc322e4b08c986b32af90","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, David A.","contributorId":84604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"David A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keszthelyi, Laszlo P. 0000-0003-1879-4331 laz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1879-4331","contributorId":52802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keszthelyi","given":"Laszlo P.","email":"laz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":455986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Crown, David A.","contributorId":196622,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crown","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":24732,"text":"Planetary Science Institute, Tucson","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":455993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yff, Jessica A.","contributorId":9098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yff","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jaeger, Windy L.","contributorId":61679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaeger","given":"Windy","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schenk, Paul M.","contributorId":196626,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schenk","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12445,"text":"Lunar and Planetary Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":455987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Geissler, Paul E. pgeissler@usgs.gov","contributorId":2811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geissler","given":"Paul","email":"pgeissler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":455989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Becker, Tammy L. tbecker@usgs.gov","contributorId":4388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Becker","given":"Tammy","email":"tbecker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":455990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70036612,"text":"70036612 - 2011 - A buoyant plume adjacent to a headland-Observations of the Elwha River plume","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-29T18:14:42.641153","indexId":"70036612","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1333,"text":"Continental Shelf Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A buoyant plume adjacent to a headland-Observations of the Elwha River plume","docAbstract":"<p><span>Small rivers commonly discharge into coastal settings with topographic complexities – such as headlands and islands – but these settings are underrepresented in river plume studies compared to more simplified, straight coasts. The Elwha River provides a unique opportunity to study the effects of coastal topography on a buoyant plume, because it discharges into the Strait of Juan de Fuca on the western side of its deltaic headland. Here we show that this headland induces flow separation and transient eddies in the tidally dominated currents (O(100</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>cm/s)), consistent with other headlands in oscillatory flow. These flow conditions are observed to strongly influence the buoyant river plume, as predicted by the “small-scale” or “narrow” dynamical classification using&nbsp;</span><a class=\"workspace-trigger\" name=\"bbib11\" href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0278434310003584?via%3Dihub#bib11\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0278434310003584?via%3Dihub#bib11\">Garvine's (1995)</a><span>&nbsp;system. Because of the transient eddies and the location of the river mouth on the headland, flow immediately offshore of the river mouth is directed eastward twice as frequently as it is westward. This results in a buoyant plume that is much more frequently “bent over” toward the east than the west. During bent over plume conditions, the plume was attached to the eastern shoreline while having a distinct, cuspate front along its westernmost boundary. The location of the front was found to be related to the magnitude and direction of local flow during the preceding O(1</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>h), and increases in alongshore flow resulted in deeper freshwater mixing, stronger baroclinic anomalies, and stronger hugging of the coast. During bent over plume conditions, we observed significant convergence of river plume water toward the frontal boundary within 1</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>km of the river mouth. These results show how coastal topography can strongly influence buoyant plume behavior, and they should assist with understanding of initial coastal sediment dispersal pathways from the Elwha River during a pending dam removal project.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.csr.2010.11.007","issn":"02784343","usgsCitation":"Warrick, J.A., and Stevens, A.W., 2011, A buoyant plume adjacent to a headland-Observations of the Elwha River plume: Continental Shelf Research, v. 31, no. 2, p. 85-97, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2010.11.007.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"85","endPage":"97","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245573,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217616,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2010.11.007"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Elwha River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -123.68957519531251,\n              47.87214396888731\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.24462890625,\n              47.87214396888731\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.24462890625,\n              48.188063481211415\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.68957519531251,\n              48.188063481211415\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.68957519531251,\n              47.87214396888731\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"31","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e333e4b0c8380cd45e98","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.csr.2010.11.007","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2010.11.007","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Warrick Jonathan A., Stevens Andrew W.","journalName":"Continental Shelf Research","publicationDate":"2/2011"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warrick, Jonathan A. 0000-0002-0205-3814 jwarrick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0205-3814","contributorId":167736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warrick","given":"Jonathan","email":"jwarrick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stevens, Andrew W. 0000-0003-2334-129X astevens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2334-129X","contributorId":139313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stevens","given":"Andrew","email":"astevens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70035523,"text":"70035523 - 2011 - Tracking solutes and water from subsurface drip irrigation application of coalbed methane-produced waters, Powder River Basin, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-23T21:18:45.582846","indexId":"70035523","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1541,"text":"Environmental Geosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tracking solutes and water from subsurface drip irrigation application of coalbed methane-produced waters, Powder River Basin, Wyoming","docAbstract":"<p class=\"abstractnoin\">One method to beneficially use water produced from coalbed methane (CBM) extraction is subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) of croplands. In SDI systems, treated CBM water (injectate) is supplied to the soil at depth, with the purpose of preventing the buildup of detrimental salts near the surface. The technology is expanding within the Powder River Basin, but little research has been published on its environmental impacts. This article reports on initial results from tracking water and solutes from the injected CBM-produced waters at an SDI system in Johnson County, Wyoming.</p><p>In the first year of SDI operation, soil moisture significantly increased in the SDI areas, but well water levels increased only modestly, suggesting that most of the water added was stored in the vadose zone or lost to evapotranspiration. The injectate has lower concentrations of most inorganic constituents relative to ambient groundwater at the site but exhibits a high sodium adsorption ratio. Changes in groundwater chemistry during the same period of SDI operation were small; the increase in groundwater-specific conductance relative to pre-SDI conditions was observed in a single well. Conversely, groundwater samples collected beneath another SDI field showed decreased concentrations of several constituents since the SDI operation. Groundwater-specific conductance at the 12 other wells showed no significant changes. Major controls on and compositional variability of groundwater, surface water, and soil water chemistry are discussed in detail. Findings from this research provide an understanding of water and salt dynamics associated with SDI systems using CBM-produced water.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Datapages","doi":"10.1306/eg.03031111004","issn":"10759565","usgsCitation":"Engle, M.A., Bern, C.R., Healy, R.W., Sams, J., Zupancic, J., and Schroeder, K., 2011, Tracking solutes and water from subsurface drip irrigation application of coalbed methane-produced waters, Powder River Basin, Wyoming: Environmental Geosciences, v. 18, no. 3, p. 169-187, https://doi.org/10.1306/eg.03031111004.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"169","endPage":"187","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":383607,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Powder River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -107.325439453125,\n              42.17968819665961\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.073486328125,\n              42.17968819665961\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.073486328125,\n              45.01918507438176\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.325439453125,\n              45.01918507438176\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.325439453125,\n              42.17968819665961\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"18","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb6a7e4b08c986b326dd1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Engle, Mark A. 0000-0001-5258-7374 engle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5258-7374","contributorId":584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engle","given":"Mark","email":"engle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":451071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bern, Carleton R. 0000-0002-8980-1781 cbern@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8980-1781","contributorId":201152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bern","given":"Carleton","email":"cbern@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":451069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Healy, Richard W. 0000-0002-0224-1858 rwhealy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0224-1858","contributorId":658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Healy","given":"Richard","email":"rwhealy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":451073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sams, J.I.","contributorId":76903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sams","given":"J.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zupancic, J.W.","contributorId":42808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zupancic","given":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schroeder, K.T.","contributorId":102113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schroeder","given":"K.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70034783,"text":"70034783 - 2011 - Population structure and genetic diversity of greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) in fragmented landscapes at the northern edge of their range","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-16T12:01:54.348231","indexId":"70034783","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1324,"text":"Conservation Genetics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population structure and genetic diversity of greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) in fragmented landscapes at the northern edge of their range","docAbstract":"<p><span>Range-edge dynamics and anthropogenic fragmentation are expected to impact patterns of genetic diversity, and understanding the influence of both factors is important for effective conservation of threatened wildlife species. To examine these factors, we sampled greater sage-grouse (</span><i>Centrocercus urophasianus</i><span>) from a declining, fragmented region at the northern periphery of the species’ range and from a stable, contiguous core region. We genotyped 2,519 individuals at 13 microsatellite loci from 104 leks in Alberta, Saskatchewan, Montana, and Wyoming. Birds from northern Montana, Alberta, and Saskatchewan were identified as a single population that exhibited significant isolation by distance, with the Milk River demarcating two subpopulations. Both subpopulations exhibited high genetic diversity with no evidence that peripheral regions were genetically depauperate or highly structured. However, river valleys and a large agricultural region were significant barriers to dispersal. Leks were also composed primarily of non-kin, rejecting the idea that leks form because of male kin association. Northern Montana sage-grouse are maintaining genetic connectivity in fragmented and northern peripheral habitats via dispersal through and around various forms of fragmentation.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10592-010-0159-8","issn":"15660621","usgsCitation":"Bush, K., Dyte, C., Moynahan, B., Aldridge, C.L., Sauls, H., Battazzo, A., Walker, B., Doherty, K., Tack, J., Carlson, J., Eslinger, D., Nicholson, J., Boyce, M., Naugle, D., Paszkowski, C., and Coltman, D., 2011, Population structure and genetic diversity of greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) in fragmented landscapes at the northern edge of their range: Conservation Genetics, v. 12, no. 2, p. 527-542, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-010-0159-8.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"527","endPage":"542","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243858,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alberta, Saskatchewan, Montana, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -111.005859375,\n              43.58039085560784\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.150390625,\n              43.77109381775651\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.88671875,\n              50.28933925329178\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.5546875,\n              50.233151832472245\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.99414062499999,\n              47.989921667414194\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.181640625,\n              47.931066347509784\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.005859375,\n              43.58039085560784\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-11-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7d98e4b0c8380cd7a041","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bush, K.L.","contributorId":15858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bush","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dyte, C.K.","contributorId":17066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dyte","given":"C.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moynahan, B.J.","contributorId":94128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moynahan","given":"B.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Aldridge, Cameron L. 0000-0003-3926-6941 aldridgec@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3926-6941","contributorId":191773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aldridge","given":"Cameron","email":"aldridgec@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":447601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sauls, H.S.","contributorId":103113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauls","given":"H.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Battazzo, A.M.","contributorId":64915,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Battazzo","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Walker, B.L.","contributorId":35151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"B.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Doherty, K.E.","contributorId":38374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doherty","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Tack, J.","contributorId":91712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tack","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Carlson, J.","contributorId":27397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Eslinger, D.","contributorId":32373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eslinger","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Nicholson, J.","contributorId":45139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nicholson","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Boyce, M.S.","contributorId":16354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyce","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Naugle, D.E.","contributorId":85289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naugle","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Paszkowski, C.A.","contributorId":78168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paszkowski","given":"C.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Coltman, D.W.","contributorId":94129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coltman","given":"D.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16}]}}
,{"id":70036471,"text":"70036471 - 2011 - Impacts of changing food webs in Lake Ontario: Implications of dietary fatty acids on growth of alewives","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-04T13:04:11","indexId":"70036471","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":865,"text":"Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impacts of changing food webs in Lake Ontario: Implications of dietary fatty acids on growth of alewives","docAbstract":"<p><span>Declines in the abundance and condition of Great Lakes Alewives have been reported periodically during the last two decades, and the reasons for these declines remain unclear. To better understand how food web changes may influence Alewife growth and Wisconsin growth model predictions, we fed Alewives isocaloric diets high in omega-6 fatty acids (corn oil) or high in omega-3 fatty acids (fish oil). Alewives were fed the experimental diets at either 1% (“low ration”) or 3% (“high ration”) of their wet body weight per day. After six weeks, Alewives maintained on the high ration diets were significantly larger than those fed the low ration diets. Moreover, Alewives given the high ration fish oil diet were significantly larger than those maintained on the high ration corn oil diet after six weeks of growth. Body lipid, energy density and total body energy of Alewives on the high ration diets were significantly higher than those fed the low ration diets, and total body energy was significantly higher in Alewives given the high ration fish oil diet compared to those on the high ration corn oil diet. The current Wisconsin bioenergetics model underestimated growth and overestimated food consumption by Alewives in our study. Alewife thiaminase activity was similar among treatment groups. Overall, our results suggest that future food web changes in Lake Ontario, particularly if they involve decreases in the abundance of lipid rich prey items such as </span><i>Mysis</i><span>, may reduce Alewife growth rates and total body energy due to reductions in the availability of dietary omega-3 fatty acids.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/14634988.2011.598102","issn":"14634988","usgsCitation":"Snyder, R., Demarche, C., and Honeyfield, D., 2011, Impacts of changing food webs in Lake Ontario: Implications of dietary fatty acids on growth of alewives: Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management, v. 14, no. 3, p. 231-238, https://doi.org/10.1080/14634988.2011.598102.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"231","endPage":"238","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246133,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Lake Ontario","volume":"14","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a38e4e4b0c8380cd61717","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Snyder, R.J.","contributorId":28466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snyder","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Demarche, C.J.","contributorId":92900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Demarche","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Honeyfield, D. C. 0000-0003-3034-2047","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3034-2047","contributorId":73136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Honeyfield","given":"D. C.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":456305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70034139,"text":"70034139 - 2011 - Spatial mapping of mineralization with manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-30T10:13:32","indexId":"70034139","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1067,"text":"Bone","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial mapping of mineralization with manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging","docAbstract":"Paramagnetic manganese can be employed as a calcium surrogate to sensitize the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique to the processing of calcium during the bone formation process. At low doses, after just 48h of exposure, osteoblasts take up sufficient quantities of manganese to cause marked reductions in the water proton T1 values compared with untreated cells. After just 24h of exposure, 25??M MnCl2 had no significant effect on cell viability. However, for mineralization studies 100??M MnCl2 was used to avoid issues of manganese depletion in calvarial organ cultures and a post-treatment delay of 48h was implemented to ensure that manganese ions taken up by osteoblasts is deposited as mineral. All specimens were identified by their days in vitro (DIV). Using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), we confirmed that Mn-treated calvariae continued to deposit mineral in culture and that the mineral composition was similar to that of age-matched controls. Notably there was a significant decrease in the manganese content of DIV18 compared with DIV11 specimens, possibly relating to less manganese sequestration as a result of mineral maturation. More importantly, quantitative T1 maps of Mn-treated calvariae showed localized reductions in T1 values over the calvarial surface, indicative of local variations in the surface manganese content. This result was verified with laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). We also found that ??R1 values, calculated by subtracting the relaxation rate of Mn-treated specimens from the relaxation rate of age-matched controls, were proportional to the surface manganese content and thus mineralizing activity. From this analysis, we established that mineralization of DIV4 and DIV11 specimens occurred in all tissue zones, but was reduced for DIV18 specimens because of mineral maturation with less manganese sequestration. In DIV25 specimens, active mineralization was observed for the expanding superficial surface and ??R1 values were increased due to the mineralization of small, previously unmineralized areas. Our findings support the use of manganese-enhanced MRI (MEMRI) to study well-orchestrated mineralizing events that occur during embryonic development. In conclusion, MEMRI is more sensitive to the study of mineralization than traditional imaging approaches. ?? 2011.","language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.bone.2011.02.014","issn":"87563282","usgsCitation":"Chesnick, I., Centeno, J., Todorov, T., Koenig, A., and Potter, K., 2011, Spatial mapping of mineralization with manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging: Bone, v. 48, no. 5, p. 1194-1201, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2011.02.014.","startPage":"1194","endPage":"1201","numberOfPages":"8","ipdsId":"IP-027084","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475243,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3113632","text":"External Repository"},{"id":244423,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216546,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2011.02.014"}],"volume":"48","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9486e4b08c986b31ab3f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chesnick, I.E.","contributorId":80484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chesnick","given":"I.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Centeno, J.A.","contributorId":73806,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Centeno","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Todorov, T.I.","contributorId":10995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Todorov","given":"T.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Koenig, A.E. 0000-0002-5230-0924","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5230-0924","contributorId":23679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koenig","given":"A.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Potter, K.","contributorId":24165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Potter","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70036609,"text":"70036609 - 2011 - Regional long-term production modeling from a single well test, Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well, Alaska North Slope","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-15T14:45:02","indexId":"70036609","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2682,"text":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regional long-term production modeling from a single well test, Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well, Alaska North Slope","docAbstract":"<p><span>Following the results from the open-hole formation pressure response test in the BPXA-DOE-USGS Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well (Mount Elbert well) using Schlumberger's Modular Dynamics Formation Tester (MDT) wireline tool, the International Methane Hydrate Reservoir Simulator Code Comparison project performed long-term reservoir simulations on three different model reservoirs. These descriptions were based on 1) the Mount Elbert gas hydrate accumulation as delineated by an extensive history-matching exercise, 2) an estimation of the hydrate accumulation near the Prudhoe Bay L-pad, and 3) a reservoir that would be down-dip of the Prudhoe Bay L-pad and therefore warmer and deeper. All of these simulations were based, in part, on the results of the MDT results from the Mount Elbert Well. The comparison group's consensus value for the initial permeability of the hydrate-filled reservoir (</span><i>k</i><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.12&nbsp;mD) and the permeability model based on the MDT history match were used as the basis for subsequent simulations on the three regional scenarios. The simulation results of the five different simulation codes, CMG STARS, HydrateResSim, MH-21 HYDRES, STOMP-HYD, and TOUGH+HYDRATE exhibit good qualitative agreement and the variability of potential methane production rates from gas hydrate reservoirs is illustrated. As expected, the predicted methane production rate increased with increasing&nbsp;</span><i>in situ</i><span>&nbsp;reservoir temperature; however, a significant delay in the onset of rapid hydrate dissociation is observed for a cold, homogeneous reservoir and it is found to be repeatable. The inclusion of reservoir heterogeneity in the description of this cold reservoir is shown to eliminate this delayed production. Overall, simulations utilized detailed information collected across the Mount Elbert reservoir either obtained or determined from geophysical well logs, including thickness (37&nbsp;ft), porosity (35%), hydrate saturation (65%), intrinsic permeability (1000&nbsp;mD), pore water salinity (5&nbsp;ppt), and formation temperature (3.3–3.9&nbsp;°C). This paper presents the approach and results of extrapolating regional forward production modeling from history-matching efforts on the results from a single well test.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2010.01.015","issn":"02648172","usgsCitation":"Anderson, B., Kurihara, M., White, M., Moridis, G.J., Wilson, S., Pooladi-Darvish, M., Gaddipati, M., Masuda, Y., Collett, T.S., Hunter, R., Narita, H., Rose, K., and Boswell, R., 2011, Regional long-term production modeling from a single well test, Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well, Alaska North Slope: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 28, no. 2, p. 493-501, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2010.01.015.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"493","endPage":"501","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245511,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217558,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2010.01.015"}],"volume":"28","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a537e4b0e8fec6cdbd8f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, B.J.","contributorId":70914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"B.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kurihara, M.","contributorId":54823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurihara","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"White, M.D.","contributorId":58125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moridis, G. J.","contributorId":64863,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moridis","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wilson, S.J.","contributorId":93734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Pooladi-Darvish, M.","contributorId":42455,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pooladi-Darvish","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gaddipati, M.","contributorId":81346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaddipati","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Masuda, Y.","contributorId":46339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masuda","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Collett, Timothy S. 0000-0002-7598-4708 tcollett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":1698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"Timothy","email":"tcollett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":456990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Hunter, R.B.","contributorId":29538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunter","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Narita, H.","contributorId":105565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Narita","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Rose, K.","contributorId":43594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Boswell, R.","contributorId":35121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boswell","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}}
,{"id":70033932,"text":"70033932 - 2011 - An ecosystem-scale model for the spread of a host-specific forest pathogen in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-25T15:00:10","indexId":"70033932","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An ecosystem-scale model for the spread of a host-specific forest pathogen in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem","docAbstract":"<p>The introduction of nonnative pathogens is altering the scale, magnitude, and persistence of forest disturbance regimes in the western United States. In the high-altitude whitebark pine (<i><span class=\"genusSpeciesInfoAsset\">Pinus albicaulis</span></i>) forests of the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE), white pine blister rust (<i><span class=\"genusSpeciesInfoAsset\">Cronartium ribicola</span></i>) is an introduced fungal pathogen that is now the principal cause of tree mortality in many locations. Although blister rust eradication has failed in the past, there is nonetheless substantial interest in monitoring the disease and its rate of progression in order to predict the future impact of forest disturbances within this critical ecosystem.</p><p>This study integrates data from five different field-monitoring campaigns from 1968 to 2008 to create a blister rust infection model for sites located throughout the GYE. Our model parameterizes the past rates of blister rust spread in order to project its future impact on high-altitude whitebark pine forests. Because the process of blister rust infection and mortality of individuals occurs over the time frame of many years, the model in this paper operates on a yearly time step and defines a series of whitebark pine infection classes: susceptible, slightly infected, moderately infected, and dead. In our analysis, we evaluate four different infection models that compare local vs. global density dependence on the dynamics of blister rust infection. We compare models in which blister rust infection is: (1) independent of the density of infected trees, (2) locally density-dependent, (3) locally density-dependent with a static global infection rate among all sites, and (4) both locally and globally density-dependent. Model evaluation through the predictive loss criterion for Bayesian analysis supports the model that is both locally and globally density-dependent. Using this best-fit model, we predicted the average residence times for the four stages of blister rust infection in our model, and we found that, on average, whitebark pine trees within the GYE remain susceptible for 6.7 years, take 10.9 years to transition from slightly infected to moderately infected, and take 9.4 years to transition from moderately infected to dead. Using our best-fit model, we project the future levels of blister rust infestation in the GYE at critical sites over the next 20 years.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1890/09-2118.1","issn":"10510761","usgsCitation":"Hatala, J., Dietze, M., Crabtree, R., Kendall, K.C., Six, D., and Moorcroft, P., 2011, An ecosystem-scale model for the spread of a host-specific forest pathogen in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem: Ecological Applications, v. 21, no. 4, p. 1138-1153, https://doi.org/10.1890/09-2118.1.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1138","endPage":"1153","numberOfPages":"16","ipdsId":"IP-023089","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242076,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214356,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/09-2118.1"}],"volume":"21","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea2ee4b0c8380cd486ab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hatala, J.A.","contributorId":86986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatala","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dietze, M.C.","contributorId":43583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dietze","given":"M.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Crabtree, R.L.","contributorId":91696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crabtree","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kendall, Katherine C. 0000-0002-4831-2287 kkendall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4831-2287","contributorId":3081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"Katherine","email":"kkendall@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":443247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Six, D.","contributorId":38375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Six","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Moorcroft, P.R.","contributorId":107118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moorcroft","given":"P.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70036640,"text":"70036640 - 2011 - Effects of intrusions on grades and contents of gold and other metals in volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-31T15:56:43","indexId":"70036640","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2954,"text":"Ore Geology Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of intrusions on grades and contents of gold and other metals in volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits","docAbstract":"<p id=\"sp0010\">The reason some VMS deposits contain more gold or other metals than others might be due to the influence of intrusions. A new approach examining this possibility is based on examining the information about many VMS deposits to test statistically if those with associated intrusions have significantly different grades or amounts of metals. A set of 632 VMS deposits with reported grades, tonnages, and information about the observed presence or absence of subvolcanic or plutonic intrusive bodies emplaced at or after VMS mineralization is statistically analyzed.</p><p id=\"sp0015\">Deposits with syn-mineralization or post-mineralization intrusions nearby have higher tonnages than deposits without reported intrusions, but the differences are not statistically significant. When both kinds of intrusions are reported, VMS deposit sizes are significantly higher than in the deposits without any intrusions. Gold, silver, zinc, lead, and copper average grades are not significantly different in the VMS deposits with nearby intrusions compared to deposits without regardless of relative age of intrusive. Only zinc and copper contents are significantly higher in VMS deposits with both kinds of intrusive reported. These differences in overall metal content are due to significantly larger deposit sizes of VMS deposits where both intrusive kinds are observed and reported, rather than any difference in metal grades.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2010.12.003","issn":"01691368","usgsCitation":"Singer, D.A., Berger, V., and Mosier, D.L., 2011, Effects of intrusions on grades and contents of gold and other metals in volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits: Ore Geology Reviews, v. 39, no. 1-2, p. 116-118, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2010.12.003.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"116","endPage":"118","numberOfPages":"3","ipdsId":"IP-022140","costCenters":[{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475279,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2010.12.003","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":217560,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2010.12.003"},{"id":245513,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a072ae4b0c8380cd515b7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Singer, Donald A. dsinger@usgs.gov","contributorId":5601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Singer","given":"Donald","email":"dsinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":457119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Berger, Vladimir vladimir@usgs.gov","contributorId":2795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berger","given":"Vladimir","email":"vladimir@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":457118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mosier, Dan L.","contributorId":42593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mosier","given":"Dan","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70034490,"text":"70034490 - 2011 - History of plains resurfacing in the Scandia region of Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-05T08:32:29","indexId":"70034490","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3083,"text":"Planetary and Space Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"History of plains resurfacing in the Scandia region of Mars","docAbstract":"We present a preliminary photogeologic map of the Scandia region of Mars with the objective of reconstructing its resurfacing history. The Scandia region includes the lower section of the regional lowland slope of Vastitas Borealis extending about 500–1800 km away from Alba Mons into the Scandia sub-basin below −4800 m elevation. Twenty mapped geologic units express the diverse stratigraphy of the region. We particularly focus on the materials making up the Vastitas Borealis plains and its Scandia sub-region, where erosional processes have obscured stratigraphic relations and made the reconstruction of the resurfacing history particularly challenging. Geologic mapping implicates the deposition, erosion, and deformation/degradation of geologic units predominantly during Late Hesperian and Early Amazonian time (~3.6–3.3 Ga). During this time, Alba Mons was active, outflow channels were debouching sediments into the northern plains, and basal ice layers of the north polar plateau were accumulating. We identify zones of regional tectonic contraction and extension as well as gradation and mantling. Depressions and scarps within these zones indicate collapse and gradation of Scandia outcrops and surfaces at scales of meters to hundreds of meters. We find that Scandia Tholi display concentric ridges, rugged peaks, irregular depressions, and moats that suggest uplift and tilting of layered plains material by diapirs and extrusion, erosion, and deflation of viscous, sedimentary slurries as previously suggested. These appear to be long-lived features that both pre-date and post-date impact craters. Mesa-forming features may have similar origins and occur along the southern margin of the Scandia region, including near the Phoenix Mars Lander site. Distinctive lobate materials associated with local impact craters suggest impact-induced mobilization of surface materials. We suggest that the formation of the Scandia region features potentially resulted from crustal heating related to Alba Mons volcanism, which acted upon a sequence of lavas, outflow channel sediments, and polar ice deposits centered within the Scandia region. These volatile-enriched sediments may have been in a state of partial volatile melt, resulting in the mobilization of deeply buried ancient materials and their ascent and emergence as sediment and mud breccia diapirs to form tholi features. Similar subsurface instabilities proximal to Alba Mons may have led to surface disruption, as suggested by local and regional scarps, mesas, moats, and knob fields.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Planetary and Space Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.pss.2010.11.004","issn":"00320633","usgsCitation":"Tanaka, K.L., Fortezzo, C.M., Hayward, R., Rodriguez, J.A., and Skinner, J., 2011, History of plains resurfacing in the Scandia region of Mars: Planetary and Space Science, v. 59, no. 11-12, p. 1128-1142, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pss.2010.11.004.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1128","endPage":"1142","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243840,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars; Scandia region","volume":"59","issue":"11-12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a31c0e4b0c8380cd5e1d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tanaka, Kenneth L. ktanaka@usgs.gov","contributorId":610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tanaka","given":"Kenneth","email":"ktanaka@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":446056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fortezzo, Corey M. 0000-0001-8188-5530 cfortezzo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8188-5530","contributorId":25383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fortezzo","given":"Corey","email":"cfortezzo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":130,"text":"Astrogeology Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":446058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hayward, Rosalyn K.","contributorId":90955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayward","given":"Rosalyn K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rodriguez, J. Alexis P.","contributorId":84181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodriguez","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Alexis P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Skinner, James A. 0000-0002-3644-7010 jskinner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3644-7010","contributorId":3187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skinner","given":"James A.","email":"jskinner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":446057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
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