Determinations of δ18O values from 100 outcrops of Belt Supergroup (Wallace Fm.) metasedimentary rocks in the Idaho panhandle reveal a regular regional pattern that was produced by pervasive fluid infiltration and isotopic exchange. Low grade argillites at large distances (60 km) from the Idaho batholith have high δ18O values +15, compatible with their probable primary values. Pelitic rocks with anomalously low δ18O values of + 8.7 to + 12.7‰ occur in the following zones: (1) in a 5000 km2 zone of schist and gneiss peripheral to the Idaho batholith, generally coincident with high-grade (sillimanite-bearing) assemblages; (2) in high-grade metasedimentary roof pendants within the Idaho batholith; (3) peripheral to small Cretaceous stocks; and (4) within and near the scapolite-bearing zone south-west of St. Regis. On δ18O−δ18O plots, data from coexisting minerals define trends with unit slopes, indicating that the reductions in 18O occurred under high-grade metamorphic conditions. This metamorphism culminated in the emplacement of the Idaho batholith, probably as a consequence of profound crustal thickening associated with the Cretaceous accretion of the Wallowa-Seven Devils arc terranes with North America. The huge low-18O region is bounded by a “steep” δ18O gradient (0.1–0.5‰/km) that occurs in low-grade rocks along and near the Lewis and Clark Line, well below the biotite isograd. This boundary zone may be analogous to, but is not nearly as sharp as, those of meteoric-hydrothermal systems in many regions. The important ore deposits of the Coeur d'Alene district are located in this peripheral zone, suggesting that the metamorphic-hydrothermal system may have been intimately involved in their formation. In addition, the metamorphic-hydrotermal system in Idaho is larger, deeper and higher in temperature than typical meteoric-hydrothermal systems, and it involved fluids with much higher δ18O values that were probably dominantly derived from formation waters. Accordingly, this system produced rocks with δ18O values similar to those of the Idaho batholith, and mineral assemblages that approach isotopic equilibrium under high temperature conditions.
The isotopic ratios of H, O and C in water within the Long Valley caldera, California reflect input from sources external to the hydrothermal reservoir. A decrease in δD in precipitation of 0.5‰ km−1, from west to east across Long Valley, is caused by the introduction of less fractionated marine moisture through a low elevation embayment in the Sierra Nevada Mountain Range. Relative to seasonal fluctuations in precipitation (−158 to −35‰.), δD ranges in hot and cold surface and groundwaters are much less variable (−135 to −105‰.). Only winter and spring moisture, reflecting higher precipitation rates with lighter isotopic signatures, recharge the hydrological system. The hydrothermal fluids are mixtures of isotopically heavy recharge (δD = − 115‰, δ18O = − 15‰) derived from the Mammoth embayment, and isotopically lighter cold water (δD = −135‰, δ18O = −18‰). This cold water is not representative of current local recharge. The δ13C values for dissolved carbon in hot water are significantly heavier (− 7 to − 3‰) than in cold water (−18 to −10‰) denoting a separate hydrothermal origin. These δ13C values overlie the range generally attributed to magmatic degassing of CO2. However, δ13C values of metamorphosed Paleozoic basement carbonates surrounding Long Valley fall in a similar range, indicating that hydrothermal decarbonization reactions are a probable source of CO2. The δ13C and δ18O values of secondary travertime and vein calcite indicate respective fractionation with CO2 and H2O at temperatures approximating current hydrothermal conditions.
A packed column oxygen obsorber was developed in which oxygen flow is directed, in serial reuse, through parallel packed column stages receiving equal portions of the liquid being treated. The relative performance of the absorber was established using a computer simulation program employing finite difference-mass transfer calculations. The program was calibrated using packing specific mass transfer coefficients derived from pilot scale test data. A separate series of tests served to verify model assumptions and performance predictions. Simulation data indicated multi-stage operation can substantially reduce the column height required to achieve a selected oxygen absorption efficiency (AE); for example, the column height required to achieve an AE of 76·5% with an inlet volumetric oxygenwater ratio of 0·008 (column packing, 3·81 cm plastic ACTIFIL®; water temperature, 20°C; influent dissolved oxygen, 9·08 mg/litre; operating pressure (absolute), 760 mm Hg) was 0·27 m using a 10-stage system versus 1·39 m using a single-stage absorber. Reductions in column height achieved were related to oxygen and water feed rates, number of stages employed, mass transfer characteristics of the column packing used, and concentrations of dissolved gases in the liquid being treated.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0144-8609(90)90010-W","usgsCitation":"Watten, B.J., and Boyd, C.E., 1990, Gas transfer within a multi-stage packed column oxygen absorber: Model development and application: Aquacultural Engineering, v. 9, no. 1, p. 33-59, https://doi.org/10.1016/0144-8609(90)90010-W.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"33","endPage":"59","numberOfPages":"27","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131831,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b28e4b07f02db6b12f9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Watten, Barnaby J. 0000-0002-2227-8623 bwatten@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2227-8623","contributorId":2002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watten","given":"Barnaby","email":"bwatten@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":320730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boyd, Claude E.","contributorId":192710,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boyd","given":"Claude","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1014642,"text":"1014642 - 1990 - Effects of ozonated-water reuse on salinity tolerance of Atlantic salmon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-24T15:44:03.533462","indexId":"1014642","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of ozonated-water reuse on salinity tolerance of Atlantic salmon","docAbstract":"We conducted several seasonal aquarium experiments to determine survival and body chemistry changes of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) after 24‐h exposures to salinities of 0, 16.5, 33, and 40‰ at 10°C. Fish transferred directly to test aquaria from an ozonated, 100‰ closed water‐reuse system at 18°C were compared with fish acclimated to single‐use water at 10°C for 1–3 weeks before salinity challenges in solutions of sea salt. In the initial (December and January) challenges, all Atlantic salmon from the closed system with a fork length of at least 200 mm survived exposure to 16.5 and 33‰ salinity, but not 40‰; fish 135 mm long or shorter did not survive exposure to 33‰ salinity. In later experiments, prior acclimation of fish to single‐use water at 10°C helped protect them against exposure to high salinity (i.e., 33 and 40‰) at 10°C. Few fish that were moved directly from the water‐reuse system into test aquaria lived for 24 h in 33 or 40‰ salinity. Atlantic salmon contained less water at 33‰ than at 16.5‰ or in fresh water, but carcass water content did not differ within salinity treatments between fish previously held at 18°C and those acclimated to 10°C and single‐use water. At each salinity, serum sodium concentration tended to rise less in those fish acclimated to the singleuse system than in those transferred directly from the reuse system to the aquaria. The exposure of Atlantic salmon to an elevated acclimation temperature (18°C) in the water‐reuse system exacerbated the disruption of their ionic exchange at exposures to 33 and 40‰ sea salt. A trace of copper (27 μg/L) in the reused water also may have reduced the salinity tolerance of these fish.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1577/1548-8640(1990)052%3C0036:EOOWRO%3E2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Poston, H.A., and Williams, R., 1990, Effects of ozonated-water reuse on salinity tolerance of Atlantic salmon: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 52, no. 1, p. 36-40, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8640(1990)052%3C0036:EOOWRO%3E2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"36","endPage":"40","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132034,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6aeb26","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poston, H. A.","contributorId":21893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poston","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, R.C.","contributorId":103621,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1014606,"text":"1014606 - 1990 - Vertical distribution of adult American shad in the Connecticut River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-19T14:34:59","indexId":"1014606","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Vertical distribution of adult American shad in the Connecticut River","docAbstract":"Adult American shad Alosa sapidissima were sampled with vertical gill nets during the 1986 and 1987 spawning and postspawning migrations in the Connecticut River. Most (83%) were caught in the lower half of the water column, but not on the river bottom. The vertical distributions of gravid and spent fish were similar for both males and females. American shad showed no diel, seasonal, or yearly changes in depth distributions. Larger gravid fish swam deeper in the water column than did smaller gravid fish.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1990)119<0151:NVDOAA>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Witherell, D.B., and Kynard, B., 1990, Vertical distribution of adult American shad in the Connecticut River: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 119, no. 1, p. 151-155, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1990)119<0151:NVDOAA>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"151","endPage":"155","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132238,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"119","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a13e4b07f02db6020a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Witherell, David B.","contributorId":98169,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Witherell","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kynard, Boyd","contributorId":84234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kynard","given":"Boyd","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1014613,"text":"1014613 - 1990 - Modeling the effects of serial off-gas reuse on the performance of a hooded surface oxygen obsorption system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-09T15:44:56.110048","indexId":"1014613","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":852,"text":"Aquacultural Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling the effects of serial off-gas reuse on the performance of a hooded surface oxygen obsorption system","docAbstract":"A numerical model was used to evaluate the performance of a surface agitation system designed to contact commercial oxygen with water. The modeled system was unique in that oxygen-rich off-gas, normally discharged to the atmosphere, was directed in serial reuse through additional contact stages receiving untreated water. A correlation between the agitator mass-transfer coefficient and power demand, needed to calibrate the model, was established using a single-stage (37 W) contactor of 1·18 m3 capacity. Additional tests, conducted with both single and three-stage equipment, verified model assumptions and performance predictions. Simulation runs indicated oxygen flow or power input required to meet a given effluent dissolved gas criterion can be substantially reduced by the off-gas reuse step; for example, to achieve an effluent dissolved oxygen of 24·1 mg/litre with a single stage agitator the oxygen feed rate needed was 61·5% greater than that required by a six-stage system receiving the same total power input (standard aeration efficiency, 0·5 kg/kW h; water flow rate, 100 litre/min; influent dissolved oxygen, 9·08 mg/litre at 15°C). The savings achieved increased with (1) greater target effluent dissolved oxygen concentrations, (2) lower oxygen feed rates, (3) higher input power levels, and (4) number of contact stages.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0144-8609(90)90014-Q","usgsCitation":"Watten, B.J., Meade, J.W., and Boyd, C.E., 1990, Modeling the effects of serial off-gas reuse on the performance of a hooded surface oxygen obsorption system: Aquacultural Engineering, v. 9, no. 2, p. 97-120, https://doi.org/10.1016/0144-8609(90)90014-Q.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"97","endPage":"120","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131832,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699794","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Watten, Barnaby J. 0000-0002-2227-8623 bwatten@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2227-8623","contributorId":2002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watten","given":"Barnaby","email":"bwatten@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":320732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meade, J. W.","contributorId":38082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meade","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boyd, Claude E.","contributorId":192710,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boyd","given":"Claude","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70137859,"text":"70137859 - 1990 - Flume experiments on the alignment of transverse, oblique, and longitudinal dunes in directionally varying flows","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-13T14:19:57","indexId":"70137859","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3369,"text":"Sedimentology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Flume experiments on the alignment of transverse, oblique, and longitudinal dunes in directionally varying flows","docAbstract":"For more than a century geologists have wondered why some bedforms are orientated roughly transverse to flow, whereas others are parallel or oblique to flow. This problem of bedform alignment was studied experimentally using subaqueous dunes on a 3–6-m-diameter sand-covered turntable on the floor of a 4-m-wide flume.
\n\n
In each experiment, two flow directions (relative to the bed) were produced by alternating the turntable between two orientations. The turntable was held in each orientation for a short time relative to the reconstitution time of the bedforms; the resulting bedforms were in equilibrium with the time-averaged conditions of the bimodal flows. Dune alignment was studied for five divergence angles (the angle between the two flow directions): 45°, 67–5°, 90°, 112–5° and 135°. The flow depth during all experiments was approximately 30 cm; mean velocity was approximately 50 cm s-1 and mean grain diameter was 0–6 mm. Each experiment continued for 30–75 min, during which time the flume flow was steady and the turntable position changed every 2 min. At the end of each experiment, water was slowly drained from the flume and dune alignment was measured. Transverse dunes (defined relative to the resultant transport direction) were created when the divergence angle was 45° and 67–5°, and longitudinal dunes were created when the divergence angle was 135°. At intermediate divergence angles, dunes with both orientations were produced, but transverse dunes were dominant at 90°, and longitudinal dunes were dominant at 112–5°.
\n\n
One experiment was conducted with a divergence angle of 135° and with unequal amounts of transport in the two flow directions. This was achieved by changing the orientation of the turntable at unequal time intervals, thereby causing the amount of transport to be unequal in the two directions. The dunes formed during this experiment were oblique to the resultant transport direction.
\n\n
These experimental dunes follow the same rule of alignment as wind ripples studied in previous turntable experiments. In both sets of experiments, the bedforms developed with the orientation having the maximum gross bedform-normal transport (the orientation at which the sum of the bedform-normal components of the two transport vectors reaches its maximum value). In other words, the bedforms develop with an orientation that is as transverse as possible to the two flows. In those cases where the two flows diverge by more than 90° and transport equal amounts of sand, bedforms that are as transverse as possible to the two separate flows will be parallel to the resultant of the two flow vectors. Although such bedforms have been defined by previous work as longitudinal bedforms, they are intrinsically the same kind of bedform as transverse bedforms.
\nTrench 14 was excavated to investigate the extent of Quaternary movement on the Bow Ridge fault, a north-south structure on the east side of Yucca Mountain. The trench exposes calcite and opaline silica as fault breccia cements, veinlike fault fillings, and slope-parallel calcretes. Although the latter are clearly similar to calcretes of pedogenic origin, the cementing and fault-filling mineralization is enigmatic and has been variously attributed to deposition from ascending ground waters (warm or cool), from shallow-sourced (possibly perched) ground water, or from descending soil-zone waters ('recharge'). Preliminary δ13C and δ18O values of calcite from Trench 14, from sand-ramp calcretes and veinlike fault fillings at Busted Butte, and from drill core in the unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain reveal some interesting trends and variations and provide some constraints on the temperature of calcite precipitation.
","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 1st International Topical Meeting on High Level Radioactive Waste Management. Part 1","conferenceDate":"8 April 1990 through 12 April 1990","conferenceLocation":"Las Vegas, NV, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by ASCE","publisherLocation":"Boston, MA, United States","isbn":"0872627519","usgsCitation":"Whelan, J.F., and Stuckless, J.S., 1990, Reconnaissance δ13C and δ18O data from Trench 14, Busted Butte, and drill hole G-4, Yucca Mountain, Nevada test site, Proceedings of the 1st International Topical Meeting on High Level Radioactive Waste Management. Part 1, Las Vegas, NV, USA, 8 April 1990 through 12 April 1990, p. 930-933.","startPage":"930","endPage":"933","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223360,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a96a4e4b0c8380cd820fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whelan, Joseph F.","contributorId":29792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whelan","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stuckless, John S. 0000-0002-7536-0444 jstuckless@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7536-0444","contributorId":4974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stuckless","given":"John","email":"jstuckless@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":373011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015865,"text":"70015865 - 1990 - Trace-metal concentrations, waters from selected sky lakes, streams and springs, northern Shawangunk Mountains, New York: geologic and ecologic implications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:44","indexId":"70015865","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2896,"text":"Northeastern Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trace-metal concentrations, waters from selected sky lakes, streams and springs, northern Shawangunk Mountains, New York: geologic and ecologic implications","docAbstract":"Reconnaissance sampling and chemical analysis of water from selected lakes, streams and springs of the northern Shawangunk Mountains in 1987 to 1988 to determine the influence of lithology on trace-metal concentrations in surface water, and to establish a base level of concentration of 27 selected metals by ICP-AES and Hg by cold-vapor AAS methods, for geochemical exploration, ecologic, acid-rain, and climatic-change studies, have yielded trace-metal concentrations greater than detection limits for 10 metallic elements. Eighteen additional metallic elements were also present in trace quantities below the quantitative detection limit. Two distinct geochemical populations are related to source lithology and pH. -from Authors","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Northeastern Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Friedman, J.D., Huth, P., and Smiley, D., 1990, Trace-metal concentrations, waters from selected sky lakes, streams and springs, northern Shawangunk Mountains, New York: geologic and ecologic implications: Northeastern Geology, v. 12, no. 3, p. 114-131.","startPage":"114","endPage":"131","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223333,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb683e4b08c986b326cf0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Friedman, J. D.","contributorId":99157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedman","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Huth, P.C.","contributorId":81642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huth","given":"P.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smiley, D.","contributorId":59954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smiley","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70016275,"text":"70016275 - 1990 - Relative inactivity during the last 140,000 years of a portion of the La Paz fault, southern Baja California Sur, Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:40","indexId":"70016275","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1540,"text":"Environmental Geology and Water Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relative inactivity during the last 140,000 years of a portion of the La Paz fault, southern Baja California Sur, Mexico","docAbstract":"Uranium-series dating of corals overlying the undeformed Punta Coyote gravels indicates that the underlying La Paz fault zone has been relatively inactive in this part of the Baja California peninsula during the last 140,000 years, and possibly for a significantly longer period. However, Holocene seismic activities along extensions of the fault zone north of Cabo San Lucas suggest potential seismic hazards for the city of La Paz (population 200,000), which lies about 6 km from the fault. ?? 1990 Springer-Verlag New York Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Geology and Water Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF01705099","issn":"00990094","usgsCitation":"Szabo, B.J., Hausback, B., and Smith, J.T., 1990, Relative inactivity during the last 140,000 years of a portion of the La Paz fault, southern Baja California Sur, Mexico: Environmental Geology and Water Sciences, v. 15, no. 2, p. 119-122, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01705099.","startPage":"119","endPage":"122","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205379,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01705099"},{"id":223510,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa68be4b0c8380cd84ef0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Szabo, Barney J.","contributorId":6848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Szabo","given":"Barney","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hausback, B.P.","contributorId":90760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hausback","given":"B.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Joe T.","contributorId":20697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Joe","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70016057,"text":"70016057 - 1990 - Construction and performance of a long-term earthen liner experiment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:40","indexId":"70016057","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Construction and performance of a long-term earthen liner experiment","docAbstract":"In land burial schemes, compacted soil barriers with low hydraulic conductivity are commonly used in cover and liner systems to control the movement of liquids and prevent groundwater contamination. An experimental liner measuring 8 x 15 x 0.9 m was constructed with design criteria and equipment to simulate construction of soil liners built at waste disposal facilities. The surface of the liner was flooded with a 29.5 cm deep pond on April 12, 1988. Infiltration of water into the liner has been monitored for two years using 4 large-ring (1.5 m OD) and 32 small-ring (0.28 m OD) infiltrometers, and a water-balance that accounts for total infiltration and evaporation. Average long-term infiltration fluxes based on two years of monitoring are 5.8 x 10-9 cm/s, 6.0 x 10-8 cm/s and 5.6 x 10-8 for the large-ring, small-ring, and water-balance data, respectively. The saturated hydraulic conductivity of the liner based on small-ring data, estimated using Darcy's Law and the Green-Ampt Approximation, is 3 x 10-8 and 4 x 10-8 cm/s, respectively. All sets of data indicate that the liner's performance exceed that which is required by the U.S. EPA.","largerWorkTitle":"Geotechnical Special Publication","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of a Symposium on Waste Containment Systems: Construction, Regulation, and Performance","conferenceDate":"6 November 1990 through 7 November 1990","conferenceLocation":"San Francisco, CA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, United States","issn":"08950563","usgsCitation":"Cartwright, K., and Krapac, I.G., 1990, Construction and performance of a long-term earthen liner experiment, in Geotechnical Special Publication, no. 26, San Francisco, CA, USA, 6 November 1990 through 7 November 1990, p. 135-155.","startPage":"135","endPage":"155","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223246,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"26","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fa15e4b0c8380cd4d91c","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Bonaparte, Rudolph","contributorId":111565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonaparte","given":"Rudolph","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":508541,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Cartwright, Keros","contributorId":43917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cartwright","given":"Keros","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krapac, Ivan G.","contributorId":79627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krapac","given":"Ivan","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70016356,"text":"70016356 - 1990 - Oxygen and carbon isotope ratios of hydrothermal minerals from Yellowstone drill cores","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:42","indexId":"70016356","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Oxygen and carbon isotope ratios of hydrothermal minerals from Yellowstone drill cores","docAbstract":"Oxygen and carbon isotope ratios were measured for hydrothermal minerals (silica, clay and calcite) from fractures and vugs in altered rhyolite, located between 28 and 129 m below surface (in situ temperatures ranging from 81 to 199??C) in Yellowstone drill holes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanism of formation of these minerals. The ??18O values of the thirty-two analyzed silica samples (quartz, chalcedony, ??-cristobalite, and ??-cristobalite) range from -7.5 to +2.8???. About one third of the silica 7samples have ??18O values that are consistent with isotopic equilibrium with present thermal waters; most of the other silica samples appear to have precipitated from water enriched in 18O (up to 4.7???) relative to present thermal water, assuming precipitation at present in situ temperatures. Available data on fluid-inclusion homogenization temperatures in hydrothermal quartz indicate that silica precipitation occurred mostly at temperatures above those measured during drilling and imply that 15O enrichments in water during silica precipitation were generally larger than those estimated from present conditions. Similarly, clay minerals (celadonite and smectite) have ??18O values higher (by 3.5 to 7.9???) than equilibrium values under present conditions. In contrast, all eight analyzed calcite samples are close to isotopic equilibrium with present thermal waters. The frequent incidence of apparent 18O enrichment in thermal water from which the hydrothermal minerals precipitated may indicate that a higher proportion of strongly 18O-enriched deep hydrothermal fluid once circulated through shallow portions of the Yellowstone system, or that a recurring transient 18O-enrichment effect occurs at shallow depths and is caused either by sudden decompressional boiling or by isotopic exchange at low water/rock ratios in new fractures. The mineralogy and apparent 18O enrichments of hydrothermal fracture-filling minerals are consistent with deposition during transient boiling or rock-water exchange (fracturing) events. ?? 1990.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Sturchio, N., Keith, T.E., and Muehlenbachs, K., 1990, Oxygen and carbon isotope ratios of hydrothermal minerals from Yellowstone drill cores: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 40, no. 1, p. 23-37.","startPage":"23","endPage":"37","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223263,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7279e4b0c8380cd76afc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sturchio, N.C.","contributorId":16580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sturchio","given":"N.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keith, T. E. C.","contributorId":11681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keith","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"E. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Muehlenbachs, K.","contributorId":38715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muehlenbachs","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70016196,"text":"70016196 - 1990 - A quantitative micropaleontologic method for shallow marine peleoclimatology: Application to Pliocene deposits of the western North Atlantic Ocean","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:40","indexId":"70016196","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2673,"text":"Marine Micropaleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A quantitative micropaleontologic method for shallow marine peleoclimatology: Application to Pliocene deposits of the western North Atlantic Ocean","docAbstract":"A transfer function was developed to estimate summer and winter paleotemperatures for arctic to tropical regions of the western North Atlantic Ocean using fossil ostracode assemblages. Q-mode factor analysis was run on ostracode assemblages from 100 modern bottom sediment samples from continental shelves of North America, Greenland and the Caribbean using 59 ostracode taxa. Seven factors accounting for 80% of the variance define assemblages that correspond to frigid, subfrigid, cold temperate, mild temperate, warm temperate, subtropical and tropical climatic zones. Multiple regression of the factor matrix against observed February and August bottom temperatures yielded an astracode transfer function with an accuracy of about ??2??C. The transfer function was used to reconstruct middle Pliocene (3.5-3.0 Ma) shallow marine climates of the western North Atlantic during the marine transgression that deposited the Yorktown Formation (Virginia and North Carolina), the Duplin Formation (South and North Carolina) and the Pinecrest beds (Florida). Middle Pliocene paleowater temperatures in Virginia averaged 19??C in August and 13.5??C in February, about 5??C to 8??C warmer than at comparable depths off Virginia today. August and February water temperatures in North Carolina were 23??C and 13.4??C, in South Carolina about 23??C and 13.5??C and in southern Florida about 24.6??C and 15.4??C. Marine climates north of 35??N were warmer than today; south of 35??N, they were about the same or slightly cooler. Thermal gradients along the coast were generally not as steep as they are today. The North Atlantic transfer function can be applied to other shallow marine Pliocene and Pleistocene deposits of eastern North America. ?? 1990 Elsevier Science Publishers B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Micropaleontology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/0377-8398(90)90032-H","issn":"03778398","usgsCitation":"Cronin, T.M., and Dowsett, H., 1990, A quantitative micropaleontologic method for shallow marine peleoclimatology: Application to Pliocene deposits of the western North Atlantic Ocean: Marine Micropaleontology, v. 16, no. 1-2, p. 117-147, https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-8398(90)90032-H.","startPage":"117","endPage":"147","numberOfPages":"31","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222947,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":205318,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0377-8398(90)90032-H"}],"volume":"16","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e525e4b0c8380cd46b6e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cronin, T. M. 0000-0002-2643-0979","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-0979","contributorId":42613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":372808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dowsett, H.J. 0000-0003-1983-7524","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1983-7524","contributorId":87924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dowsett","given":"H.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015956,"text":"70015956 - 1990 - Summit Lake landslide and geomorphic history of Summit Lake basin, northwestern Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-05T13:14:38.122778","indexId":"70015956","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Summit Lake landslide and geomorphic history of Summit Lake basin, northwestern Nevada","docAbstract":"The Summit Lake landslide, northwestern Nevada, composed of Early Miocene pyroclastic debris, Ashdown Tuff, and basalt and rhyolite of the Black Rock Range, blocked the upper Soldier Creek-Snow Creek drainage and impounded Summit Lake sometimes prior to 7840 yr B.P. The slide covers 8.2 km2 and has geomorphic features characteristic of long run-out landslides, such as lobate form, longitudinal and transverse ridges, low surface gradient (7.1 °), and preservation of original stratigraphic position of transported blocks. However, estimated debris volume is the smallest reported (2.5 × 105 m3) for a landslide of this type.
The outflow channel of the Summit Lake basin was a northward-flowing stream valley entrenched by Mahogany Creek. Subsequent negative tectonic adjustment of the basin by about 35 m, accompanied by concommitant progradation of a prominent alluvial fan deposited by Mahogany Creek, argues for a probable diversion of drainage from the Alvord basin southward into the Lahontan basin. The landslide occurred while the creek flowed southward, transferring about 147 km2 of watershed from the Lahontan basin back to the Alvord basin. Overflow northward occurred during high stands of Pluvial Lake Parman in the basin; otherwise, under drier climates, the Summit Lake basin has been closed.
Within large depressions on the slide surface, the ca. 6800 yr old Mazama Bed and other sediments have buried a weakly developed soil. Disseminated humus in the soil yields an age of 7840 ± 310 yr B.P. Absence of older tephra (such as St. Helens M) brackets the slide age between 7840 and 19,000 yr B.P. Projectile points found on the highest strandlines of Pluvial Lake Parman suggest a ca 8700 yr B.P. age by correlation with cultural artifacts and radiocarbon ages from nearby Last Supper Cave, Nevada. Organic matter accumulation in landslide soils suggests ages ranging from 9100 to 16,250 yr B.P. Estimation of the age of the slide from morphologic data for the isolated Summit Lake population of Lahontan cutthroat trout does not conflict with the radiometric ages.
Soil-gas radon concentrations are controlled seasonally by factors of climate and pedology. In a swelling soil of the semiarid Western United States, soil-gas radon concentrations at 100 cm depth increase in winter and spring due to increased emanation with higher soil moisture and the capping effect of surface water or ice. Increased soil moisture results from a combination of higher winter and spring precipitation and decreased insolation in fall and winter, lowering soil temperatures so that water infiltrates deeper and evaporates more slowly. Radon concentrations in soil drop markedly through the summer and fall. The increased insolation of spring and summer warms and dries the soil, limiting the amount of water that reaches 100 cm. As the soil dries, radon emanation decreases, and deep soil cracks develop. These cracks aid convective transport of soil gas, increase radon's flux into the atmosphere, and lower its concentration in soil gas. Probable controls on the distribution of uranium within the soil column include its downward leaching, its precipitation or adsorption onto B-horizon clays, concretions, or cement, and the uranium content and mineralogy of the soil's granitic and gneissic precursors.
Physical parameters characterizing solute transport in the Snake River (an acidic and metal-rich mountain stream near Montezuma, Colorado) were variable along a 5.2-km study reach. Stream cross-sectional area and volumetric inflow each varied by a factor of 3. Because of transient storage, the residence time of injected tracers in the Snake River was longer than would be calculated by consideration of convective travel time alone. Distributed inflows along the stream were a significant source of in-stream chemical variations. These transport characteristics of the Snake River were established on the basis of the assumption of lithium as an ideally conservative tracer and use of simulations of advection, dispersion, and transient storage. Evaluations of the validity of this combined tracer and simulation approach lend confidence to the estimation of the physical transport parameters, but further development is warranted for methods of onsite transport experimentation in hydrologically complex, chemically reactive environments.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR026i005p00989","usgsCitation":"Bencala, K.E., McKnight, D.M., and Zellweger, G.W., 1990, Characterization of transport in an acidic and metal-rich mountain stream based on a lithium tracer injection and simulations of transient storage: Water Resources Research, v. 26, no. 5, p. 989-1000, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR026i005p00989.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"989","endPage":"1000","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223390,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f4e8e4b0c8380cd4bfcb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bencala, Kenneth E. kbencala@usgs.gov","contributorId":1541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bencala","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbencala@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":372095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKnight, Diane M.","contributorId":59773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKnight","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16833,"text":"INSTAAR, University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":372094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zellweger, Gary W.","contributorId":71171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zellweger","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70016205,"text":"70016205 - 1990 - Diagenesis associated with subaerial exposure of Miocene strata, southeastern Spain: Implications for sea-level change and preservation of low-temperature fluid inclusions in calcite cement","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-11T16:41:45.081497","indexId":"70016205","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diagenesis associated with subaerial exposure of Miocene strata, southeastern Spain: Implications for sea-level change and preservation of low-temperature fluid inclusions in calcite cement","docAbstract":"Many ancient carbonate rocks contain calcite cements that precipitated from shallow, fresh groundwater that entered strata during events of subaerial exposure. Such low-temperature cementation may be difficult to interpret from fluid inclusion studies because some of the inclusions may reequilibrate during later thermal events. Miocene rocks of southeast Spain provide an example of the utility of fluid inclusion studies in rocks that have not been subjected to significant heating. In the Mesa Roldan area, one type of calcite cement occurs exclusively below a regional stratigraphic surface of enigmatic origin. The cement has petrographic characteristics indicative of cementation in the vadose zone (generally thought to be a zone of oxidation) but has cathodoluminescent bands containing reduced manganese and iron. Primary fluid inclusions contain mostly fresh water, have variable ratios of vapor to liquid, and are at one atmosphere of pressure. Our observations indicate that calcite precipitated from a freshwater vadose zone, which was subjected to local or repetitive saturation, and minor brackish water. The fluid inclusion data indicate that low-temperature fluid inclusions can be preserved in ancient sequences despite a later history of different pore fluids. This indication of subaerial diagenesis of distal slope deposits suggests a relative sea-level drop of at least 50–55 m during the Late Miocene. Similar petrographic and fluid inclusion observations can be used to interpret sea-level changes in other areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(90)90365-R","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Goldstein, R., Franseen, E.K., and Mills, M.S., 1990, Diagenesis associated with subaerial exposure of Miocene strata, southeastern Spain: Implications for sea-level change and preservation of low-temperature fluid inclusions in calcite cement: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 54, no. 3, p. 699-704, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(90)90365-R.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"699","endPage":"704","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223149,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0095e4b0c8380cd4f7da","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goldstein, R.H.","contributorId":18908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldstein","given":"R.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Franseen, E. K.","contributorId":30367,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Franseen","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mills, M. S.","contributorId":96279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mills","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70016099,"text":"70016099 - 1990 - Application of a hollow-fiber, tangential-flow device for sampling suspended bacteria and particles from natural waters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-04T14:56:41","indexId":"70016099","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2262,"text":"Journal of Environmental Quality","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Application of a hollow-fiber, tangential-flow device for sampling suspended bacteria and particles from natural waters","docAbstract":"The design and application of a hollow-fiber tangential-flow filtration device has been used to concentrate bacteria and suspended particles from large volume surface water and groundwater samples (i.e., hundreds of liters). Filtrate tlux rates (4–8 L min−1) are equal to or faster than those of other devices that are based on continuous flow centrifugation and plate and frame filtration. Particle recovery efficiencies for inorganic particles (approximately 90%) were similar to other dewatering devices, but microbial cell recoveries (30–90%) were greatly improved by this technique relative to other currently available methods. Although requirements for operation and maintenance of the device are minimal, its size, as with other dewatering devices, limits its applicability at remote sample sites. Nevertheless, it has proven useful for sample collection in studies involving microbial transport and analysis of particle-associated trace inorganic solutes.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America","publisherLocation":"Madison, WI","doi":"10.2134/jeq1990.00472425001900030045x","usgsCitation":"Kuwabara, J., and Harvey, R., 1990, Application of a hollow-fiber, tangential-flow device for sampling suspended bacteria and particles from natural waters: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 19, no. 3, p. 625-629, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq1990.00472425001900030045x.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"625","endPage":"629","numberOfPages":"5","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306586,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ec8de4b0c8380cd49334","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kuwabara, J.S.","contributorId":57905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuwabara","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harvey, R.W. 0000-0002-2791-8503","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2791-8503","contributorId":11757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"R.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015924,"text":"70015924 - 1990 - 36C1 measurements and the hydrology of an acid injection site","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-06T19:35:54","indexId":"70015924","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2909,"text":"Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"36C1 measurements and the hydrology of an acid injection site","docAbstract":"In an area in western Tennessee (United States), an industrial firm is injecting acidic (pH = 0.1) iron chloride into permeable zones of carbonate rocks at depths ranging from 1000 to 2200 m below land surface. Overlying the injection zone at a depth of approximately 500 m below land surface is a regional fresh-water aquifer, the Knox aquifer. A study is currently underway to investigate whether the injection wells are hydraulically isolated from the fresh-water aquifer. Drilling of a test well that will reach a total depth of 2700 m has been initiated. The 36Cl content of 15 samples from the Knox aquifer, from monitor wells in the vicinity of the injection site, and from the test well have been analyzed. ?? 1990.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0168-583X(90)90456-5","issn":"0168583X","usgsCitation":"Vourvopoulos, G., Brahana, J., Nolte, E., Korschinek, G., Priller, A., and Dockhorn, B., 1990, 36C1 measurements and the hydrology of an acid injection site: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, v. 52, no. 3-4, p. 451-454, https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-583X(90)90456-5.","startPage":"451","endPage":"454","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":268846,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-583X(90)90456-5"},{"id":223389,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e25be4b0c8380cd45ae8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vourvopoulos, G.","contributorId":31527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vourvopoulos","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brahana, J. V.","contributorId":32926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brahana","given":"J. V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nolte, E.","contributorId":45464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nolte","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Korschinek, G.","contributorId":85726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Korschinek","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Priller, A.","contributorId":39941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Priller","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dockhorn, B.","contributorId":53528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dockhorn","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70197617,"text":"70197617 - 1990 - Evolution of the Tertiary La Honda basin, central California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-13T14:45:54","indexId":"70197617","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Evolution of the Tertiary La Honda basin, central California","docAbstract":"Tertiary strata of the La Honda basin are exposed in the Santa Cruz Mountains along the central California coast south of San Francisco. The basin fill has a composite thickness of more than 14,500 m and consists of sedimentary and volcanic rocks that in places rest on granitic basement rocks of the Salinia terrane. Paleogene strata are mainly turbidite sandstone and hemipelagic mudstone that accumulated in deep-sea fan and basin plain environments at lower bathyal to abyssal depths. Neogene rocks are mainly shallow-marine shelf sandstone and upper to middle bathyal siliceous mudstone. Both Paleogene and Neogene strata exhibit rapid lateral variations in thickness and facies, several local and regional unconformities, numerous folds, and ubiquitous faults.
The complicated geology and geologic history of the La Honda basin reflect the fact that, throughout its history, the basin has been located at or near the tectonically active plate boundary between the North American continent and various oceanic plates of the Pacific basin. The La Honda basin originated during the Paleocene, perhaps during an episode of wrench tectonism associated with oblique subduction and arrival of the Salinia terrane. Major restructuring of the basin during the Oligocene-including uplift and erosion of the basin margins, movement along the Zayante-Vergeles fault, and deposition of two sand-rich deep-sea fans–apparently resulted from the approach of the Farallon-Pacific spreading ridge and its collision with the California continental margin. During the late Oligocene and early Miocene, widespread volcanism and marine transgression accompanied an episode of regional transtension along the San Andreas fault system. Deposition of shallow-marine sandstones and deeper-water siliceous mudstones occurred during much of the Miocene and Pliocene but was interrupted at least three times by brief episodes of uplift and erosion associated with transpressional wrench tectonism along the San Andreas fault. Marine deposition ended and uplift of the modern Santa Cruz Mountains began during the late Pliocene in response to the most-recent episode of regional transpression.
Five small oil fields in the La Honda basin have produced a total of 1.7 million barrels of oil and 300 million cubic feet of gas, mostly from reservoirs in Eocene turbidite sandstone and Miocene limestone.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology and tectonics of the central California coastal region, San Francisco to Monterey: Camarillo, Calif., American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Pacific Section Guidebook","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","usgsCitation":"Stanley, R.G., 1990, Evolution of the Tertiary La Honda basin, central California, in Geology and tectonics of the central California coastal region, San Francisco to Monterey: Camarillo, Calif., American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Pacific Section Guidebook, v. 67, p. 1-29.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"29","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":355020,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":355019,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://archives.datapages.com/data/pacific/data/082/082001/1_ps0820001.htm"}],"volume":"67","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c112819e4b034bf6a8201b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stanley, Richard G. 0000-0001-6192-8783 rstanley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6192-8783","contributorId":1832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanley","given":"Richard","email":"rstanley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":737937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}