Invasive species research within the U.S. Geological Survey’s (USGS) Ecosystems Mission Area focuses on invasive plants, animals, and pathogens throughout the United States. USGS scientists provide science support to help solve the problems posed by these nonnative species while working with partners in the U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI), other Federal, State, and Territorial agencies, Tribes, industry, agriculture, and nonprofit organizations. Key components of USGS invasive species science include the development of novel prevention, prediction, early detection, containment, and control tools.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20243001","programNote":"Biological Threats and Invasive Species Research Program","usgsCitation":"Heimowitz, P.J., Kocovsky, P.M., and English, J.J., 2024, Invasive species research—Science for prevention, detection, containment, and control: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2024–3001, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20243001. [Supersedes USGS Fact Sheet 2018–3080.]","productDescription":"6 p.","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-157104","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":425804,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2024/3001/fs20243001.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.94 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2024-3001"},{"id":425803,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2024/3001/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"Associate Director, Ecosystems Mission Area
Biological Threats and Invasive Species Research Program
U.S. Geological Survey
Mail Stop 300
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
Canadian and American waterfowl hunters were surveyed to identify their hunting trip preferences. Respondents were individuals that were now participating or had participated in waterfowl hunting, and most had hunted the majority of the last five years. We identified four latent classes of waterfowl hunters that varied in their preferences for harvest, access effort, length of travel, quantity of waterfowl seen, and the potential for interference/competition. We found a diminishing return associated with the number of waterfowl harvested, and that ‘devoted’ and ‘local’ hunters did not perceive appreciable benefit from harvesting more birds beyond harvesting a single bird. Results highlight the importance of not only considering population size, but also the location of habitat for people and waterfowl. Our results provide waterfowl managers important insights into the heterogeneity of North American waterfowl hunters by highlighting differences in priorities for waterfowl hunting trips. Notably, to address this heterogeneity, managers could consider the balance of objectives, actions and resources designed to satisfy current waterfowl hunters. Managing access to improve the likelihood that hunters will see and have opportunities to harvest some waterfowl has benefit to hunters.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1007/s13157-023-01744-w","usgsCitation":"Sainsbury, K.A., Harshaw, H., Fulton, D.C., Cole, N.W., Dayer, A., Duberstein, J., Raedeke, A., Schuster, R., and Vrtiska, M., 2024, What waterfowl hunters want: Exploring heterogeneity in hunting trip preferences: Wetlands, v. 44, 35, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-023-01744-w.","productDescription":"35, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-152539","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":440297,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-023-01744-w","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":433271,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United 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Katherine A.","contributorId":342632,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sainsbury","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36696,"text":"University of Alberta","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harshaw, Howard W.","contributorId":279390,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harshaw","given":"Howard W.","affiliations":[{"id":36696,"text":"University of Alberta","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fulton, David C. 0000-0001-5763-7887","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5763-7887","contributorId":333043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fulton","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":79716,"text":"Minnesota Cooperative 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Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Raedeke, Andrew H.","contributorId":278640,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Raedeke","given":"Andrew H.","affiliations":[{"id":16971,"text":"Missouri Department of Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Schuster, Rudy 0000-0003-2353-8500 schusterr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2353-8500","contributorId":3119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuster","given":"Rudy","email":"schusterr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":910248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Vrtiska, Mark P.","contributorId":342638,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vrtiska","given":"Mark P.","affiliations":[{"id":81901,"text":"Nebraska-Lincoln, 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of soft, fine-grained, streambed sediment and associated phosphorus (sed-P) during summer low-flow conditions. Combining in-channel, sed-P storage with relative age provided context on relevance to western Lake Erie Basin management goals.
In 2019, rapid geomorphic assessment (30 reaches) compared streambed-sediment storage (S) to streambank erosion (E), providing annual sediment budgets (S:E). Streambed sediment (13 reaches) was fingerprinted and analyzed for sed-P. The P saturation ratio (PSR; four reaches) quantified potential sorption/desorption of dissolved P (DP) between the water column and streambed sediment. Analyses were supplemented with data from 2017 and 2021. The ratio of two fallout radionuclides, beryllium-7 (54-day half-life) and excess lead-210 (22.3 years), apportioned “new” sediment based on time since rainfall contact.
Streambed sediment was mostly streambank (54–96%) for contributing areas > 2.7 km2; for upstream reaches, a larger percentage was apportioned as upland (cropland, pasture, forest, and road), with < 30% streambank. Streambank erosion correlated with contributing area; however, soil type (ecoregion), stream characteristics, and land use combined to drive streambed-sediment storage. Individual-reach S:E (accumulation of 0.01–35 years of streambank erosion) differentiated erosional and depositional in-channel environments. Most reaches indicated that 17–57% of sediment had recent contact with rainfall. Streambed-sediment PSR indicated a low potential for further sorption of DP from the water column; one reach was a P source when sampled.
Sed-P was higher in streambed sediment than in source samples, which varied by land use and ecoregion. This indicates homogenization resulting from in-stream sorption of DP during sediment transport that occurs over multiple events.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11368-023-03713-6","usgsCitation":"Williamson, T.N., Fitzpatrick, F., Kreiling, R.M., Blount, J.D., and Karwan, D.L., 2024, Sediment budget of a Maumee River headwater tributary: How streambank erosion, streambed-sediment storage, and streambed-sediment source inform our understanding of legacy phosphorus: Journal of Soils and Sediments, v. 24, p. 1447-1463, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-023-03713-6.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1447","endPage":"1463","ipdsId":"IP-154572","costCenters":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":440300,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-023-03713-6","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":426142,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana, Ohio","otherGeospatial":"Maumee River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.25514832288071,\n 41.67558956302901\n ],\n [\n -85.14964718502311,\n 41.67558956302901\n ],\n [\n -85.14964718502311,\n 40.43443489714787\n ],\n [\n -83.25514832288071,\n 40.43443489714787\n ],\n [\n -83.25514832288071,\n 41.67558956302901\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williamson, Tanja N. 0000-0002-7639-8495 tnwillia@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7639-8495","contributorId":198329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williamson","given":"Tanja","email":"tnwillia@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":893764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fitzpatrick, Faith 0000-0002-9748-7075","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9748-7075","contributorId":209588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzpatrick","given":"Faith","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":893765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kreiling, Rebecca M. 0000-0002-9295-4156","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9295-4156","contributorId":202193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kreiling","given":"Rebecca","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":893766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Blount, James D. 0000-0002-0006-3947 jblount@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0006-3947","contributorId":200231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blount","given":"James","email":"jblount@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":893767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Karwan, Diana L.","contributorId":207315,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Karwan","given":"Diana","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6626,"text":"University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":893768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70254542,"text":"70254542 - 2024 - Monthly variation in home range of a steppe-dwelling raptor","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-31T15:45:23.570625","indexId":"70254542","displayToPublicDate":"2024-02-26T10:38:12","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Monthly variation in home range of a steppe-dwelling raptor","docAbstract":"Birds in steppe landscapes change their behaviour over the annual cycle. We used GPS telemetry to track 12 steppe-dwelling adult Ferruginous Hawks (Buteo regalis) to understand how their home ranges varied across the year. Home range sizes of territorial adult hawks showed strong intra-annual variation, being smallest from April to June, and largest from July to October. Patterns in home range size were likely linked to intrinsic factors such as the timing of breeding and migratory behaviour, and to extrinsic factors such as prey availability associated with specific landcover types. These results have implications for our understanding of the response of steppe birds to predicted changes in land cover, and they suggest potential relationships between human activity and wildlife behaviour. Because the birds we tracked used a large portion of western North America, they are likely relevant far beyond the small area where these individuals were trapped.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Conservation of biological diversity and development of the network of specially protected natural areas: Materials of the International Scientific and Practical Conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Akhmet Baitursynuly Kostanay Region University","usgsCitation":"Isted, G.H., Thomas, R.J., Warner, K.S., Stuber, M.J., Ellsworth, E.A., and Katzner, T., 2024, Monthly variation in home range of a steppe-dwelling raptor, in Conservation of biological diversity and development of the network of specially protected natural areas: Materials of the International Scientific and Practical Conference, p. 16-22.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"16","endPage":"22","ipdsId":"IP-160019","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":429407,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":429406,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ksu.edu.kz/en/science-and-innovation/materials-of-scientific-conferences/scientific-and-practical-conferences/sohranenie-biologicheskogo-raznoobraziya-i-razvitie-seti-osobo-ohranyaemyh-prirodnyh-territorij/"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -101.8518651515356,\n 49.000227638426225\n ],\n [\n -125.63048770030412,\n 49.000227638426225\n ],\n [\n -125.63048770030412,\n 28.63871393237065\n ],\n [\n -101.8518651515356,\n 28.63871393237065\n ],\n [\n -101.8518651515356,\n 49.000227638426225\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Isted, Georgia H.","contributorId":305783,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Isted","given":"Georgia","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":901868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thomas, Robert J.","contributorId":305784,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thomas","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":901869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Warner, Kevin S.","contributorId":245276,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Warner","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":49127,"text":"Idaho Army National Guard","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":901870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stuber, Matthew J.","contributorId":213765,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stuber","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":901871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ellsworth, Ethan A.","contributorId":201653,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ellsworth","given":"Ethan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":7217,"text":"Bureau of Land Management","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":901872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Katzner, Todd E. 0000-0003-4503-8435 tkatzner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4503-8435","contributorId":191353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katzner","given":"Todd E.","email":"tkatzner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":901817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70256466,"text":"70256466 - 2024 - Abundance estimates of Gunnison’s prairie dogs compared to the number of active burrows","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-08-06T15:31:49.905253","indexId":"70256466","displayToPublicDate":"2024-02-26T10:25:29","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Abundance estimates of Gunnison’s prairie dogs compared to the number of active burrows","docAbstract":"Reliable estimates of prairie dog (Cynomys spp.) population size and distribution are critical for assessing the status of prairie dogs and for selecting sites to reintroduce black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes). The density of active prairie dog burrows has commonly been used as an index of prairie dog abundance. Indices derived from active burrow counts were developed for black-tailed (C. ludovicianus) and white-tailed (C. leucurus) prairie dogs, but their efficacy has not been evaluated for all prairie dog species and studies affirming their validity with robust abundance estimators are few. We indexed or estimated the abundance of Gunnison's prairie dogs (C. gunnisoni) in the Aubrey Valley, Arizona, USA, in 2006 at 2 different time periods using 4 different methods—maximum above ground counts (MAGC), minimum number known alive (MNKA), capture-mark-recapture (CMR), and mark-resight—and compared these estimates to active burrow counts in 2005 and 2006. We found no positive relationship between active burrow counts and any abundance estimators. Mark-resight estimates of abundance were greater than the MNKA and were positively correlated with both the MNKA (r2 = 0.30) and CMR estimates (r2 = 0.49). Both CMR estimates and MAGC were typically below the MNKA and therefore biased low. Our results indicated that more rigorous estimation methods may be necessary to accurately estimate prairie dog abundance and assess habitat quality for ferret conservation.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/wsb.1513","usgsCitation":"Facka, A.N., Lonsinger, R.C., and Roemer, G., 2024, Abundance estimates of Gunnison’s prairie dogs compared to the number of active burrows: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 48, no. 1, e1513, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.1513.","productDescription":"e1513, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-154967","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":440301,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.1513","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":432289,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Aubrey Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.0710404546698,\n 35.39171007349833\n ],\n [\n -113.0710404546698,\n 35.262822913981225\n ],\n [\n -112.92720566597833,\n 35.262822913981225\n ],\n [\n -112.92720566597833,\n 35.39171007349833\n ],\n [\n -113.0710404546698,\n 35.39171007349833\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"48","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Facka, Aaron N.","contributorId":340740,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Facka","given":"Aaron","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":64759,"text":"Wildlands Network","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lonsinger, Robert Charles 0000-0002-1040-7299","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1040-7299","contributorId":340524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lonsinger","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"Charles","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":907500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roemer, Gary W.","contributorId":340741,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roemer","given":"Gary W.","affiliations":[{"id":12628,"text":"New Mexico State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70255890,"text":"70255890 - 2024 - Immunomodulation in adult largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) exposed to a model estrogen or mixture of endocrine disrupting contaminants during early gonadal recrudescence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-10T15:04:29.402516","indexId":"70255890","displayToPublicDate":"2024-02-26T10:00:05","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":17997,"text":"Comparative Immunology Reports","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Immunomodulation in adult largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) exposed to a model estrogen or mixture of endocrine disrupting contaminants during early gonadal recrudescence","title":"Immunomodulation in adult largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) exposed to a model estrogen or mixture of endocrine disrupting contaminants during early gonadal recrudescence","docAbstract":"Disease outbreaks, skin lesions, fish kill events, and reproductive abnormalities have been observed in wild populations of Centrarchids in watersheds throughout the United States. Occurrence of synthetic and natural hormones from wastewater treatment plants and livestock operations, pesticides from agricultural land use, and phytoestrogens have been implicated as potential causes of these adverse effects. Our objective was to investigate possible immunomodulation in adult largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) in response to a seasonal exposure to environmentally relevant contaminants in outdoor experimental ponds. Exposures included 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2; 3.6 ng/L) or a binary mixture of endocrine-active substances commonly detected in surface waters, estrone (E1; 85.6 ng/L) and atrazine (ATR; 5.4 µg/L). The 4-month exposure was conducted from July to November. Functional immune responses of anterior kidney-derived leukocytes were evaluated in December in the week following the end of the dosing period, and in the following April, four months after dosing ended and just prior to spawning. Concentrations of EE2 and E1 in the ponds fell below detectable levels in December, but detectable concentrations of ATR (2.9 µg/L) persisted at least through May. For each sampling time, anterior kidney leukocytes were isolated and grown in primary culture for the assessment of zymosan-stimulated respiratory burst and lectin-stimulated mitogenic responses. We observed seasonal differences in respiratory burst stimulation over time and treatment with a significantly greater response in April relative to December. Respiratory burst activity was also significantly greater in April for fish exposed to the E1+ATR relative to control. In April, prior to spawning, we observed a significantly dampened mitogenic response to PHAP (a T cell mitogen) and LPS (a B cell mitogen) in the EE2 treatment relative to control fish. There were no significant differences in mitogenic responses or respiratory burst between sexes. However, there was significantly higher alternative complement pathway hemolytic activity in males compared to females in both the control and E1+ATR treatment groups. Our results demonstrate that environmentally relevant concentrations of contaminants can alter immune function in a socioeconomically important fish species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.cirep.2024.200140","usgsCitation":"Leet, J.K., Richter, C.A., Claunch, R., Gale, R., Tillitt, D.E., and Iwanowicz, L., 2024, Immunomodulation in adult largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) exposed to a model estrogen or mixture of endocrine disrupting contaminants during early gonadal recrudescence: Comparative Immunology Reports, v. 6, 200140, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirep.2024.200140.","productDescription":"200140, 7 p.","ipdsId":"IP-157542","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":440303,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirep.2024.200140","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435034,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P91G7KMO","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Alternative complement pathway assay data for adult largemouth bass exposed in outdoor ponds to 17alpha-ethinylestradiol or an estrone-atrazine mixture"},{"id":430896,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leet, Jessica Kristin 0000-0001-8142-6043","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8142-6043","contributorId":225505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leet","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"Kristin","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":905906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Richter, Catherine A. 0000-0001-7322-4206 crichter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7322-4206","contributorId":138994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richter","given":"Catherine","email":"crichter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":905907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Claunch, Rachel 0000-0003-1762-2175 rclaunch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1762-2175","contributorId":182424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Claunch","given":"Rachel","email":"rclaunch@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":905908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gale, Robert 0000-0002-8533-141X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8533-141X","contributorId":299958,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gale","given":"Robert","affiliations":[{"id":24583,"text":"former USGS employee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":905909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tillitt, Donald E. 0000-0002-8278-3955 dtillitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8278-3955","contributorId":1875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillitt","given":"Donald","email":"dtillitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":905910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Iwanowicz, Luke R. 0000-0002-1197-6178","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1197-6178","contributorId":79382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iwanowicz","given":"Luke R.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":905911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70251763,"text":"70251763 - 2024 - Fewer bowl traps and more hand netting can increase effective number of bee species and reduce excessive captures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-28T15:19:42.076468","indexId":"70251763","displayToPublicDate":"2024-02-26T09:16:34","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fewer bowl traps and more hand netting can increase effective number of bee species and reduce excessive captures","docAbstract":"Reports increasingly point to substantial declines in wild bee abundance and diversity, yet there is uncertainty about how best to measure these attributes in wild bee populations. Two commonly used methods are passive trapping with bee bowls or active netting of bees on flowers, but each of these has drawbacks. Comparing the outcomes of the two methods is complicated by their uncomparable units of effort. The abundance distribution of bee species is also typically highly skewed, making it difficult to accurately assess diversity when rarer species are unlikely to be caught. The effective number of species, or Hill numbers, provides a way forward by basing the response metric on the number of equally abundant species. Our goal is to compare the effective number of bee species captured between hand netting and bowl trapping in wheatgrass prairie in South Dakota and tallgrass prairie in Minnesota, USA. Species overlap between the two methods ranged from ~40% to ~60%. Emphasis placed on rare species was important, so that 95% confidence limits overlapped between the two methods for species richness but netting exceeded trapping for Shannon's and Simpson's diversities. Netting always captured more bee species with fewer bee individuals than trapping. In most cases, the number of bees captured in bowl traps indicated substantial over-sampling, with little increase in bee species detected. Correlations between bee and floral abundance, richness, and diversity differed between netted and trapped samples. We conclude that netting and trapping together produce a more complete account of species richness, but shifting sampling emphasis from trapping to netting will result in fewer bees, but more bee species captured. Due to the different relationships between bee and floral diversities that depended on sampling method, it is unwise to compare habitat associations determined by netting with those determined by trapping.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.11036","usgsCitation":"Larson, D., Pennarola, N.P., Leone, J.B., and Larson, J., 2024, Fewer bowl traps and more hand netting can increase effective number of bee species and reduce excessive captures: Ecology and Evolution, v. 14, no. 2, e11036, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.11036.","productDescription":"e11036, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-156043","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":440304,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.11036","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":426058,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Larson, Diane L. 0000-0001-5202-0634","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5202-0634","contributorId":260165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"Diane L.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":895463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pennarola, Nora P.","contributorId":239528,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pennarola","given":"Nora","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":6626,"text":"University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":895464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leone, Julia B.","contributorId":216121,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leone","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":6626,"text":"University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":895465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Larson, Jennifer L. 0000-0002-6259-0101","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6259-0101","contributorId":317994,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Larson","given":"Jennifer L.","affiliations":[{"id":36400,"text":"US Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":895466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70254155,"text":"70254155 - 2024 - Evaluating ecosystem protection and fragmentation of the world's major mountain regions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-03T15:07:51.193185","indexId":"70254155","displayToPublicDate":"2024-02-26T07:07:33","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating ecosystem protection and fragmentation of the world's major mountain regions","docAbstract":"Conserving mountains is important for protecting biodiversity because they have high beta diversity and endemicity, facilitate species movement, and provide numerous ecosystem benefits for people. Mountains are often thought to have lower levels of human modification and contain more protected area than surrounding lowlands. To examine this, we compared biogeographic attributes of the largest, contiguous, mountainous region on each continent. In each region, we generated detailed ecosystems based on Köppen−Geiger climate regions, ecoregions, and detailed landforms. We quantified anthropogenic fragmentation of these ecosystems based on human modification classes of large wild areas, shared lands, and cities and farms. Human modification for half the mountainous regions approached the global average, and fragmentation reduced the ecological integrity of mountain ecosystems up to 40%. Only one-third of the major mountainous regions currently meet the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework target of 30% coverage for all protected areas; furthermore, the vast majority of ecosystem types present in mountains were underrepresented in protected areas. By measuring ecological integrity and human-caused fragmentation with a detailed representation of mountain ecosystems, our approach facilitates tracking progress toward achieving conservation goals and better informs mountain conservation.
Deep ocean foraging northern elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris) consume fish and squid in remote depths of the North Pacific Ocean. Contaminants bioaccumulated from prey are subsequently transferred by adult females to pups during gestation and lactation, linking pups to mercury contamination in mesopelagic food webs (200–1000 m depths). Maternal transfer of mercury to developing seal pups was related to maternal mercury contamination and was strongly correlated with maternal foraging behavior (biotelemetry and isotopes). Mercury concentrations in lanugo (hair grown in utero) were among the highest observed worldwide for young pinnipeds (geometric mean 23.01 μg/g dw, range 8.03–63.09 μg/g dw; n = 373); thus, some pups may be at an elevated risk of sub-lethal adverse health effects. Fetal mercury exposure was affected by maternal foraging geographic location and depth; mercury concentrations were highest in pups of the deepest diving, pelagic females. Moreover, pup lanugo mercury concentrations were strongly repeatable among successive pups of individual females, demonstrating relative consistency in pup mercury exposure based on maternal foraging strategies. Northern elephant seals are biosentinels of a remote deep-sea ecosystem. Our results suggest that mercury within North Pacific mesopelagic food webs may also pose an elevated risk to other mesopelagic-foraging predators and their offspring.
Many studies have shown that environmental DNA (eDNA) sampling can be more sensitive than traditional sampling. For instance, past studies found a specific qPCR probe of a water sample is better than a seine for detecting the endangered northern tidewater goby, Eucyclogobius newberryi. Furthermore, a metabarcoding sample often detects more fish species than a seine detects. Less consideration has been given to sampling costs. To help managers choose the best sampling method for their budget, I estimated detectability and costs per sample to compare the cost effectiveness of seining, qPCR and metabarcoding for detecting endangered tidewater gobies as well as the associated estuarine fish community in California. Five samples were enough for eDNA methods to confidently detect tidewater gobies, whereas seining took twice as many samples. Fixed program costs can be high for qPCR and seining, whereas metabarcoding had high per-sample costs, which led to changes in relative cost-effectiveness with the number of locations sampled. Under some circumstances (multiple locations visited or an already validated assay), qPCR was a bit more cost effective than metabarcoding for detecting tidewater gobies. Under all assumptions, seining was the least cost-effective method for detecting tidewater gobies or other fishes. Metabarcoding was the most cost-effective sampling method for multiple species detection. Despite its advantages, metabarcoding has gaps in sequence databases, can yield vague results for some species, and can lead novices to serious errors. Seining remains the only way to rapidly assess densities, size distributions, and fine-scale spatial distributions.
Increasingly, genomic data are being used to supplement field-based ecological studies to help evaluate recovery status and trends in endangered species. We collected genomic data to address two related questions regarding the Least Bell’s Vireo (Vireo bellii), an endangered migratory songbird restricted to southern California riparian habitat for breeding. First, we sought to delineate the range limits and potential overlap between Least Bell’s Vireo and its sister subspecies, the Arizona Bell’s Vireo, by analyzing samples from the deserts of eastern California, southwestern Nevada, Utah and Arizona. Second, we evaluated genetic structure among Least Bell’s Vireo populations in coastal California and estimated effective population size. Clustering analyses based on 10,571 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 317 samples supported two major groups that aligned closely to the previously defined subspecies ranges. The first cluster included birds in the Central Valley, all coastal drainages, and westernmost deserts of California, with no further sub-structuring among coastal drainages. Almost all birds from the Amargosa River in eastern California and eastward assigned to the second cluster; however, low levels of gene flow were detected across the subspecies groups, with greater rates of gene flow from Arizona Bell’s Vireo to Least Bell’s Vireo than the reverse. Admixed individuals occurred in the California deserts; and although smaller than coastal populations, desert populations may be important for maintaining and replenishing genetic diversity and facilitating the movement of potentially adaptive genes between subspecies. Within Least Bell’s Vireo, local populations in coastal drainages comprised a single genetic population, with some evidence of close relatives distributed across drainages, suggesting these could function as a well-connected metapopulation. These results are consistent with previous Least Bell’s Vireo banding studies that reported high rates of dispersal among drainages. Effective population size for both subspecies was high, suggesting that adaptive potential has been maintained despite previous declines.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1093/ornithapp/duae009","usgsCitation":"Vandergast, A.G., Kus, B., Wood, D.A., Mitelberg, A., Smith, J.G., and Milano, E., 2024, High inter-population connectivity and occasional gene flow between subspecies improves recovery potential for the endangered Least Bell’s Vireo: Ornithological Applications, v. 126, no. 3, duae009, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithapp/duae009.","productDescription":"duae009, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-156012","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":440316,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithapp/duae009","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":426117,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"126","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vandergast, Amy G. 0000-0002-7835-6571","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7835-6571","contributorId":57201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vandergast","given":"Amy","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":895590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kus, Barbara E. 0000-0002-3679-3044 barbara_kus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3679-3044","contributorId":3026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kus","given":"Barbara E.","email":"barbara_kus@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":895591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wood, Dustin A. 0000-0002-7668-9911 dawood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7668-9911","contributorId":4179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Dustin","email":"dawood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":895592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mitelberg, Anna 0000-0002-3309-9946 amitelberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3309-9946","contributorId":218945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitelberg","given":"Anna","email":"amitelberg@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":895593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, Julia G. 0000-0001-9841-1809","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9841-1809","contributorId":221086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":895594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Milano, Elizabeth R.","contributorId":334415,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Milano","given":"Elizabeth R.","affiliations":[{"id":80134,"text":"former USGS employee; currently USFS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":895595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70260947,"text":"70260947 - 2024 - Segment anything model can not segment anything: Assessing AI foundation model's generalizability in permafrost mapping","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-30T16:07:20.584644","indexId":"70260947","displayToPublicDate":"2024-02-24T08:35:22","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Segment anything model can not segment anything: Assessing AI foundation model's generalizability in permafrost mapping","docAbstract":"This paper assesses trending AI foundation models, especially emerging computer vision foundation models and their performance in natural landscape feature segmentation. While the term foundation model has quickly garnered interest from the geospatial domain, its definition remains vague. Hence, this paper will first introduce AI foundation models and their defining characteristics. Built upon the tremendous success achieved by Large Language Models (LLMs) as the foundation models for language tasks, this paper discusses the challenges of building foundation models for geospatial artificial intelligence (GeoAI) vision tasks. To evaluate the performance of large AI vision models, especially Meta’s Segment Anything Model (SAM), we implemented different instance segmentation pipelines that minimize the changes to SAM to leverage its power as a foundation model. A series of prompt strategies were developed to test SAM’s performance regarding its theoretical upper bound of predictive accuracy, zero-shot performance, and domain adaptability through fine-tuning. The analysis used two permafrost feature datasets, ice-wedge polygons and retrogressive thaw slumps because (1) these landform features are more challenging to segment than man-made features due to their complicated formation mechanisms, diverse forms, and vague boundaries; (2) their presence and changes are important indicators for Arctic warming and climate change. The results show that although promising, SAM still has room for improvement to support AI-augmented terrain mapping. The spatial and domain generalizability of this finding is further validated using a more general dataset EuroCrops for agricultural field mapping. Finally, we discuss future research directions that strengthen SAM’s applicability in challenging geospatial domains.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/rs16050797","usgsCitation":"Li, W., Hsu, C., Wang, S., Yang, Y., Lee, H., Liljedahl, A., Witharana, C., Yang, Y., Rogers, B.M., Arundel, S., Jones, M.B., McHenry, K., and Solis, P., 2024, Segment anything model can not segment anything: Assessing AI foundation model's generalizability in permafrost mapping: Remote Sensing, v. 16, no. 5, 797, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16050797.","productDescription":"797, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-154259","costCenters":[{"id":5074,"text":"Center for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489031,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16050797","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":464229,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Li, Wenwen","contributorId":300739,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Wenwen","affiliations":[{"id":6607,"text":"Arizona State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":918663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hsu, Chia-Yu","contributorId":302720,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hsu","given":"Chia-Yu","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6607,"text":"Arizona State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":918664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wang, Sizhe","contributorId":242975,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Sizhe","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6607,"text":"Arizona State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":918665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yang, Yezhou","contributorId":346316,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yang","given":"Yezhou","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6607,"text":"Arizona State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":918666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lee, Hyunho","contributorId":346310,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lee","given":"Hyunho","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6607,"text":"Arizona State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":918667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Liljedahl, Anna","contributorId":70218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liljedahl","given":"Anna","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":918668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Witharana, Chandi","contributorId":346320,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Witharana","given":"Chandi","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56085,"text":"Woodwell Climate Research Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":918669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Yang, Yili","contributorId":346322,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yang","given":"Yili","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56085,"text":"Woodwell Climate Research Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":918670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Rogers, Brendan M.","contributorId":169247,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rogers","given":"Brendan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":25456,"text":"Woods Hole Research Center, Falmouth, MA, United States","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":918671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Arundel, Samantha T. 0000-0002-4863-0138 sarundel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4863-0138","contributorId":192598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arundel","given":"Samantha","email":"sarundel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":404,"text":"NGTOC Rolla","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5074,"text":"Center for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":918672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Jones, Matthew B.","contributorId":346334,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":918740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"McHenry, Kenton","contributorId":346324,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McHenry","given":"Kenton","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6607,"text":"Arizona State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":918674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Solis, Patricia","contributorId":346325,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Solis","given":"Patricia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":918675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70253575,"text":"70253575 - 2024 - Forest fire, thinning, and flood in wildland-urban interface: UAV and lidar-based estimate of natural disaster impacts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-02T13:27:05.700199","indexId":"70253575","displayToPublicDate":"2024-02-24T08:19:19","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2602,"text":"Landscape Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Forest fire, thinning, and flood in wildland-urban interface: UAV and lidar-based estimate of natural disaster impacts","docAbstract":"Wildland-urban interface (WUI) areas are facing increased forest fire risks and extreme precipitation events due to climate change, which can lead to post-fire flood events. The city of Flagstaff in northern Arizona, USA experienced WUI forest thinning, fire, and record rainfall events, which collectively contributed to large floods and damages to the urban neighborhoods and city infrastructure.
We demonstrate multi-temporal, high resolution image applications from an unoccupied aerial vehicle (UAV) and terrestrial lidar in estimating landscape disturbance impacts within the WUI. Changes in forest vegetation and bare ground cover in WUIs are particularly challenging to estimate with coarse-resolution satellite images due to fine-scale landscape processes and changes that often result in mixed pixels.
Using Sentinel-2 satellite images, we document forest fire impacts and burn severity. Using 2016 and 2021 UAV multispectral images and Structure-from-Motion data, we estimate post-thinning changes in forest canopy cover, patch sizes, canopy height distribution, and bare ground cover. Using repeat lidar data within a smaller area of the watershed, we quantify geomorphic effects in the WUI associated with the fire and subsequent flooding.
We document that thinning significantly reduced forest canopy cover, patch size, tree density, and mean canopy height resulting in substantially reduced active crown fire risks in the future. However, the thinning equipment ignited a forest fire, which burned the WUI at varying severity at the top of the watershed that drains into the city. Moderate-high severity burns occurred within 3 km of downtown Flagstaff threatening the WUI neighborhoods and the city. The upstream burned area then experienced 100-year and 200–500-year rainfall events, which resulted in large runoff-driven floods and sedimentation in the city.
We demonstrate that UAV high resolution images and photogrammetry combined with terrestrial lidar data provide detailed and accurate estimates of forest thinning and post-fire flood impacts, which could not be estimated from coarser-resolution satellite images. Communities around the world may need to prepare their WUIs for catastrophic fires and increase capacity to manage sediment-laden stormwater since both fires and extreme weather events are projected to increase.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10980-024-01811-5","usgsCitation":"Sankey, T.T., Tango, L., Tatum, J., and Sankey, J., 2024, Forest fire, thinning, and flood in wildland-urban interface: UAV and lidar-based estimate of natural disaster impacts: Landscape Ecology, v. 39, 58, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-024-01811-5.","productDescription":"58, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-139042","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":440320,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-024-01811-5","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":428319,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","city":"Flagstaff","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.69345880006296,\n 35.25720796087404\n ],\n [\n -111.69345880006296,\n 35.189455530499785\n ],\n [\n -111.63079495096041,\n 35.189455530499785\n ],\n [\n -111.63079495096041,\n 35.25720796087404\n ],\n [\n -111.69345880006296,\n 35.25720796087404\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"39","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sankey, Temuulen Ts.","contributorId":332965,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sankey","given":"Temuulen","email":"","middleInitial":"Ts.","affiliations":[{"id":79706,"text":"Northern Arizona University, School of Informatics, Computing and Cyber Systems, Flagstaff, AZ, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":899931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tango, Lauren","contributorId":335948,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tango","given":"Lauren","affiliations":[{"id":40559,"text":"School of Informatics, Computing, and Cyber Systems, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":899932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tatum, Julia","contributorId":335949,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tatum","given":"Julia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40559,"text":"School of Informatics, Computing, and Cyber Systems, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":899933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sankey, Joel B. 0000-0003-3150-4992","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3150-4992","contributorId":261248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sankey","given":"Joel B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":899934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70251888,"text":"70251888 - 2024 - Flow cytometric assessments of metabolic activity in bacterial assemblages provide insight into ecosystem condition along the Buffalo National River, Arkansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-05T13:18:01.228054","indexId":"70251888","displayToPublicDate":"2024-02-24T07:15:23","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Flow cytometric assessments of metabolic activity in bacterial assemblages provide insight into ecosystem condition along the Buffalo National River, Arkansas","docAbstract":"The Buffalo National River (BNR), on karst terrain in Arkansas, is considered an extraordinary water resource. Water collected in Spring 2017 along BNR was metagenomically analyzed using 16S rDNA, and for 17 months (5/2017–11/2018), bacterial responses were measured in relation to nutrients sampled along a stretch of BNR near a concentrated animal feed operation (CAFO) on Big Creek. Because cell count and esterase activity can increase proportionally with organic enrichment, they were hypothesized to be elevated near the CAFO. Counts (colony forming units; CFUs) were different among sites for 73 % of the months; Big Creek generated highest CFUs 27 % of the time, with the closest downstream site at 13.3 %. Esterase activity was different among sites 94 % of the time, with Big Creek exhibiting lowest activity 71 % of the time. Over the months, activity was similar across sites at ~70 % active, except at Big Creek (56 %). The α-diversity of BNR microbial consortia near a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) and the CAFO was related to distance from the WWTP and CAFO. The inverse relationship between high CFUs and low esterase activity at Big Creek (r = −0.71) actuated in vitro exposures of bacteria to organic wastewater contaminants (OWC) previously identified in the watershed. Exponential-phase Escherichia coli (stock strain), Streptococcus suis (avirulent, from swine), and S. dysgalactiae (virulent, from silver carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) were incubated with atrazine, pharmaceuticals (17 α-ethynylestradiol and trenbolone), and antimicrobials (tylosin and butylparaben). Bacteria were differentially responsive. Activity varied with exposure time and OWC type, but not concentration; atrazine decreased it most. Taken together - the metagenomic taxonomic similarities along BNR, slightly higher bacterial growth and lower bacterial esterase at the CAFO, and the lab exposures of bacterial strains showing that OWC altered metabolism - the results indicated that bioactive OWC entering the watershed can strongly influence microbial processes in the aquatic ecosystem.
Water availability for human and ecological uses depends on both water quantity and water quality. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is developing strategies for prioritizing regional-scale and watershed basin-scale studies of water availability across the nation. Previous USGS ranking processes for basin-scale studies incorporated primarily water quantity factors but are now considering additional water quality factors. This study presents a ranking based on the potential impacts of geogenic constituents on water quality and consideration of societal factors related to water quality. High-concentration geogenic constituents, including trace elements and radionuclides, are among the most prevalent contaminants limiting water availability in the USA and globally. Geogenic constituents commonly occur in groundwater because of subsurface water–rock interactions, and their distributions are controlled by complex geochemical processes. Geogenic constituent mobility can also be affected by human activities (e.g., mining, energy production, irrigation, and pumping). Societal factors and relations to drinking water sources and water quality information are often overlooked when evaluating research priorities. Sociodemographic characteristics, data gaps resulting from historical data-collection disparities, and infrastructure condition/age are examples of factors to consider regarding environmental justice. This paper presents approaches for ranking and prioritizing potential basin-scale study areas across the contiguous USA by considering a suite of conventional physical and geochemical variables related to geogenic constituents, with and without considering variables related to societal factors. Simultaneous consideration of societal and conventional factors could provide decision makers with more diverse, interdisciplinary tools to increase equity and reduce bias in prioritizing focused research areas and future water availability studies.
Greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) are at the center of state and national land-use policies largely because of their unique life-history traits as an ecological indicator for health of sagebrush ecosystems. This updated population trend analysis provides state and federal land and wildlife managers with best-available science to help guide management and conservation plans aimed at benefitting sage-grouse populations. This analysis relied on previously published population trend modeling methodology from Coates and others (2021, 2022a) and incorporates population lek count data for 1960–2023. Included in this update are changes in terminology. Specifically, we now use the terms Period 1 (previously Long), Period 2 (previously Medium/Long), Period 3 (previously Medium), Period 4 (previously Short/Medium), Period 5 (previously Short), and Period 6 (previously Recent) to identify specific trends. State-space models estimated 2.8-percent average annual decline in sage-grouse populations between 1966 and 2021 (Period 1, six population oscillations) across their geographical range. Average annual decline among climate clusters for the same number of oscillations ranged between 2.1 and 3.1 percent. Cumulative declines were 41.1, 64.5, and 78.4 percent range-wide during Period 5 (19 years), Period 3 (35 years), and Period 1 (55 years), respectively. Population growth during 2022 and 2023 continue to point to 2021 as the most recent range-wide nadir.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/dr1190","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management","programNote":"Ecosystems Mission Areas—Species Management Research Program and Land Management Research Program","usgsCitation":"Prochazka, B.G., Coates, P.S., Aldridge, C.L., O'Donnell, M.S., Edmunds, D.R., Monroe, A.P., Hanser, S.E., Wiechman, L.A., and Chenaille, M.P., 2024, Range-wide population trend analysis for greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus)—Updated 1960–2023 (ver. 1.1, April 2024): U.S. Geological Survey Data Report 1190, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/dr1190.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 18 p., and data release","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-161357","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":427870,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9OQWGIV","text":"USGS Data Release","description":"Coates, P.S., Prochazka, B.G., Aldridge, C.L., O'Donnell, M.S., Edmunds, D.R., Monroe, A.P., Hanser, S.E., Wiechman, L.A., and Chenaille, M.P., 2022, Trends and a targeted annual warning system for greater sage-grouse in the western United States (ver. 3.0, February 2024): U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9OQWGIV.","linkHelpText":"Trends and a targeted annual warning system for greater sage-grouse in the western United States (ver. 3.0, February 2024)"},{"id":427874,"rank":7,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dr/1190/versionHist.txt"},{"id":426097,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dr/1190/covrthb.jpg"},{"id":427865,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dr/1190/dr1190.xml"},{"id":427866,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dr/1190/images"},{"id":427867,"rank":5,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/dr1190/full"},{"id":427864,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dr/1190/dr1190.pdf","text":"Report","size":"13 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0: Feb 2024; Version 1.1: Apr 2024","contact":"Western Ecological Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3020 State University Drive East
Sacramento, California 95819
The monarch butterfly is a flagship species and pollinator whose populations have declined by 85% in the recent two decades. Their largest population overwinters in Mexico, then disperses across eastern North America during March to August. During September-December, they return south using two flyways, one that spans the central United States and another that follows the Atlantic coast. Migrating monarchs fly diurnally and roost in groups nocturnally. We sought to determine the criteria this species uses to select roost sites, and the landscape context where those sites are found. We developed species distribution models of the landscape context of Atlantic flyway roost sites via citizen scientist observations and environmental variables that affect monarchs in the adult stage prior to migration, using two algorithms (Maximum Entropy and Genetic Algorithm for Ruleset Prediction). We developed two model validation methods: a citizen scientist smartphone application and peer-informed comparisons with aerial imagery. Proximity to surface water, elevation, and vegetative cover were the most important criteria for monarch roost site selection. Our model predicted 2.6 million ha (2.9% of the study area) of suitable roosting habitat in the Atlantic flyway, with the greatest availability along the Atlantic coastal plain and Appalachian Mountain ridges. Conservation of this species is difficult, as monarchs range over both large areas and various habitat types, and most current monarch research and conservation efforts are focused on the breeding and overwintering periods. These models can serve to help prioritize surveys of roosting sites and conservation efforts during the monarchs’ fall migration.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10905-023-09844-5","usgsCitation":"Boxler, B., Loftin, C., and Sutton, W.B., 2024, Monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus) roost site-selection criteria and locations east of the Appalachian Mountains, U.S.A.: Journal of Insect Behavior, v. 37, p. 22-48, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10905-023-09844-5.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"22","endPage":"48","ipdsId":"IP-122336","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":481012,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boxler, Brandon M.","contributorId":349226,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boxler","given":"Brandon M.","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":924154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loftin, Cyndy 0000-0001-9104-3724 cyndy_loftin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9104-3724","contributorId":146427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loftin","given":"Cyndy","email":"cyndy_loftin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":924153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sutton, William B.","contributorId":88256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutton","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":924155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70263320,"text":"70263320 - 2024 - Monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus) roost site-selection criteria and locations east of the Appalachian Mountains, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-06T16:49:39.815475","indexId":"70263320","displayToPublicDate":"2024-02-23T10:46:37","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":19915,"text":"Journal of Insect Behavior","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus) roost site-selection criteria and locations east of the Appalachian Mountains, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"The monarch butterfly is a flagship species and pollinator whose populations have declined by 85% in the recent two decades. Their largest population overwinters in Mexico, then disperses across eastern North America during March to August. During September-December, they return south using two flyways, one that spans the central United States and another that follows the Atlantic coast. Migrating monarchs fly diurnally and roost in groups nocturnally. We sought to determine the criteria this species uses to select roost sites, and the landscape context where those sites are found. We developed species distribution models of the landscape context of Atlantic flyway roost sites via citizen scientist observations and environmental variables that affect monarchs in the adult stage prior to migration, using two algorithms (Maximum Entropy and Genetic Algorithm for Ruleset Prediction). We developed two model validation methods: a citizen scientist smartphone application and peer-informed comparisons with aerial imagery. Proximity to surface water, elevation, and vegetative cover were the most important criteria for monarch roost site selection. Our model predicted 2.6 million ha (2.9% of the study area) of suitable roosting habitat in the Atlantic flyway, with the greatest availability along the Atlantic coastal plain and Appalachian Mountain ridges. Conservation of this species is difficult, as monarchs range over both large areas and various habitat types, and most current monarch research and conservation efforts are focused on the breeding and overwintering periods. These models can serve to help prioritize surveys of roosting sites and conservation efforts during the monarchs’ fall migration.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10905-023-09844-5","usgsCitation":"Boxler, B., Loftin, C., and Sutton, W.B., 2024, Monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus) roost site-selection criteria and locations east of the Appalachian Mountains, U.S.A.: Journal of Insect Behavior, v. 37, p. 22-48, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10905-023-09844-5.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"22","endPage":"48","ipdsId":"IP-123861","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":481758,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boxler, Brandon M.","contributorId":349226,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boxler","given":"Brandon M.","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":926324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loftin, Cyndy 0000-0001-9104-3724 cyndy_loftin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9104-3724","contributorId":146427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loftin","given":"Cyndy","email":"cyndy_loftin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":926323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sutton, William B.","contributorId":88256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutton","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":926325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70252429,"text":"70252429 - 2024 - Non-mercury methylating microbial taxa are integral to understanding links between mercury methylation and elemental cycles in marine and freshwater sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-25T14:19:06.419907","indexId":"70252429","displayToPublicDate":"2024-02-23T09:18:34","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1555,"text":"Environmental Pollution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Non-mercury methylating microbial taxa are integral to understanding links between mercury methylation and elemental cycles in marine and freshwater sediments","docAbstract":"The goal of this study was to explore the role of non-mercury (Hg) methylating taxa in mercury methylation and to identify potential links between elemental cycles and Hg methylation. Statistical approaches were utilized to investigate the microbial community and biochemical functions in relation to methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations in marine and freshwater sediments. Sediments were collected from the methylation zone (top 15 cm) in four Hg-contaminated sites. Both abiotic (e.g., sulfate, sulfide, iron, salinity, total organic matter, etc.) and biotic factors (e.g., hgcA, abundances of methylating and non-methylating taxa) were quantified. Random forest and stepwise regression were performed to assess whether non-methylating taxa were significantly associated with MeHg concentration. Co-occurrence and functional network analyses were constructed to explore associations between taxa by examining microbial community structure, composition, and biochemical functions across sites. Regression analysis showed that approximately 80% of the variability in sediment MeHg concentration was predicted by total mercury concentration, the abundances of Hg methylating taxa, and the abundances of the non-Hg methylating taxa. The co-occurrence networks identified Paludibacteraceae and Syntrophorhabdaceae as keystone non Hg methylating taxa in multiple sites, indicating the potential for syntrophic interactions with Hg methylators. Strong associations were also observed between methanogens and sulfate-reducing bacteria, which were likely symbiotic associations. The functional network results suggested that non-Hg methylating taxa play important roles in sulfur respiration, nitrogen respiration, and the carbon metabolism-related functions methylotrophy, methanotrophy, and chemoheterotrophy. Interestingly, keystone functions varied by site and did not involve carbon- and sulfur-related functions only. Our findings highlight associations between methylating and non-methylating taxa and sulfur, carbon, and nitrogen cycles in sediment methylation zones, with implications for predicting and understanding the impact of climate and land/sea use changes on Hg methylation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123573","usgsCitation":"Wang, Y., Ikuma, K., Brooks, S.C., Varonka, M., and Deonarine, A., 2024, Non-mercury methylating microbial taxa are integral to understanding links between mercury methylation and elemental cycles in marine and freshwater sediments: Environmental Pollution, v. 346, 123573, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123573.","productDescription":"123573, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-144700","costCenters":[{"id":49175,"text":"Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":486983,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/2317791","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":426967,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"346","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, Yong-Li 0000-0001-8635-9492","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8635-9492","contributorId":301946,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Yong-Li","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36331,"text":"Texas Tech University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":897147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ikuma, Kaoru","contributorId":334973,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ikuma","given":"Kaoru","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6911,"text":"Iowa State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":897148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brooks, Scott C. 0000-0002-8437-9788","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8437-9788","contributorId":294464,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brooks","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":37070,"text":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":897149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Varonka, Matthew S. 0000-0003-3620-5262","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3620-5262","contributorId":203231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Varonka","given":"Matthew S.","affiliations":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":897150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Deonarine, Amrika 0000-0002-9066-5377","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9066-5377","contributorId":301947,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Deonarine","given":"Amrika","affiliations":[{"id":36331,"text":"Texas Tech University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":897151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70251783,"text":"70251783 - 2024 - 20th century warming in the lower Florida Keys was dominated by increasing winter temperatures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-29T13:24:09.0304","indexId":"70251783","displayToPublicDate":"2024-02-23T07:22:45","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5790,"text":"Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"20th century warming in the lower Florida Keys was dominated by increasing winter temperatures","docAbstract":"Long-lived Atlantic coral species like Orbicella faveolata are important archives of oceanographic change in shallow, marine environments like the Florida Keys. Not only can coral-based records extend for multiple centuries beyond the limits of the instrumental record, but they can also provide a more accurate representation of in situ conditions than gridded interpolated sea-surface temperature (SST) products for nearshore reef environments. We use the coral Sr/Ca paleothermometer to produce a 150-year (1830–1980 C.E.) monthly SST reconstruction from an O. faveolata colony collected in the Marquesas Keys, FL, USA. An important feature of our record is a significant 20th-century warming trend in winter SSTs. We hypothesize that the winter warming trend was driven partially by a decrease in upwelling associated cyclonic eddies spinning off the Florida Current. A long-term weakening of winter Florida Current transport over the 20th century could be responsible for decreased cyclonic eddy formation in the Florida Straits. Another feature of the record is pronounced multidecadal fluctuations of mean annual warming and cooling in the record, which correspond to Atlantic Multidecadal Variability (AMV), with the AMV lagging behind western Florida Keys temperatures by 5–11 years. Strong coherence between coral-based SST reconstructions in the western Florida Keys with broader scale Atlantic oceanographic trends over the past century suggests a common driver of regional SST variability.
Urbanization can have substantial effects on water quality due to altered hydrology and introduction of constituents to water bodies. In arid and semi-arid environments, streams are further stressed by dewatering as a result of diversions. We conducted a high-resolution synoptic survey of two streams in Colorado, USA that transition abruptly from granitic/metamorphic forested mountains to sedimentary urbanized plains and are both highly managed for water supply, yet differ in degree of urbanization. A synoptic mass balance approach developed for mine drainage applications was adapted to elucidate effects of urbanization, geology, and diversions on stream chemistry during baseflow conditions. Urbanization was a more important driver of stream concentrations than geology. The urban area was a strong source of bromide, calcium, chloride, and manganese, while lanthanum and dissolved organic carbon were primarily sourced from the mountains. A majority of streamflow was removed by diversions near the mountains/plains interface. Groundwater accounted for 31% of the subsequent flow increase to the urbanized stream, and delivered at least 33% of chloride loading. Constituents that were primarily urban-derived (bromide, calcium, chloride, and manganese) were 2–3 times higher in the urban region due to diversions; without diversions, stream water quality would have largely retained characteristics of forested streams through the urban reach. This study provides insights into processes that affect water quality in highly managed streams of the semi-arid western USA.
Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), an invasive cyprinid within the Laurentian Great Lakes, is naturally reproducing in several Lake Erie tributaries, which has raised concerns of the species’ spread throughout Lake Erie and the other Great Lakes. Knowledge of the recent invasion extent outside of the western basin of Lake Erie, particularly in eastern tributaries and nearshore waters, is limited. Understanding the invasion extent would improve the efficacy of ongoing coordinated multi-agency control efforts. Molecular tools, such as environmental DNA (eDNA), have shown promise for early detection of aquatic invasive species. In this study, water samples (N = 476) were collected for grass carp eDNA monthly between May and November in 2018 and 2019, at three sites in the Michigan waters of Lake Erie and the Detroit River. We fit Bayesian multi-scale occupancy models to determine differences in eDNA capture and detection probability among grass carp qPCR assays, sampling sites, and across time. To determine whether grass carp were physically present, and to validate eDNA samples, we quantified recent grass carp presence in sampled areas using an existing acoustic telemetry and field sampling framework. Our results indicate that grass carp eDNA capture probability differed among sites, but there was no difference among months. Positive grass carp eDNA detections were observed across multiple months at each site, with 69% of site-specific sampling events testing positive for grass carp eDNA on at least one assay and replicate. The majority (65%) of weeks where positive eDNA sampling detections occurred also concurrently had one or more grass carp detected via acoustic telemetry 1–6 days prior. Our results highlight the potential utility of using eDNA to monitor the invasion extent of grass carp within the nearshore waters of Lake Erie. However, further evaluation of the factors that influence grass carp eDNA characteristics among sites within Lake Erie are needed to determine its efficacy for surveillance protocols by natural resource management agencies.
","language":"English","publisher":"Reabic","doi":"10.3391/mbi.2024.15.1.04","usgsCitation":"Bopp, J., Nathan, L.R., Robinson, J.D., Kanefsky, J., Scribner, K., Herbst, S., and Robinson, K.F., 2024, Assessing grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) occupancy and detection probability within Lake Erie from environmental DNA: Management of Biological Invasions, v. 15, no. 1, p. 51-72, https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2024.15.1.04.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"51","endPage":"72","ipdsId":"IP-153893","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":440334,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2024.15.1.04","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":433635,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Lake Erie","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.49486489590893,\n 42.187220486618514\n ],\n [\n -83.49486489590893,\n 41.38443575807409\n ],\n [\n -82.35228677090853,\n 41.38443575807409\n ],\n [\n -82.35228677090853,\n 42.187220486618514\n ],\n [\n -83.49486489590893,\n 42.187220486618514\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"15","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bopp, Justin","contributorId":340933,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bopp","given":"Justin","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nathan, Lucas R.","contributorId":340934,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nathan","given":"Lucas","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":36986,"text":"Michigan Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Robinson, John D.","contributorId":340936,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robinson","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kanefsky, Jeanette","contributorId":340938,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kanefsky","given":"Jeanette","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Scribner, Kim T.","contributorId":340939,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scribner","given":"Kim T.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Herbst, Seth","contributorId":340940,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Herbst","given":"Seth","affiliations":[{"id":36986,"text":"Michigan Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Robinson, Kelly Filer 0000-0001-8109-9492","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8109-9492","contributorId":340631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"Kelly","email":"","middleInitial":"Filer","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":907706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70251858,"text":"70251858 - 2024 - USGS and social media user dialogue and sentiment during the 2018 eruption of Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-04T17:51:34.005964","indexId":"70251858","displayToPublicDate":"2024-02-22T11:47:23","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":14236,"text":"Frontiers in Communication","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"USGS and social media user dialogue and sentiment during the 2018 eruption of Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaii","docAbstract":"Responsive and empathic communication by scientists is critical for building trust and engagement with communities, which, in turn, promotes receptiveness toward authoritative hazard information during times of crisis. The 2018 eruption of Hawai‘i's Kīlauea Volcano was the first volcanic crisis event in which communication via the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) social media group, “USGS Volcanoes,” played a major role in providing eruption information to publics. Providing a concrete assessment of the social media effort during the eruption is necessary for optimizing future social media hazard crisis communication. We present qualitative and quantitative analyses of USGS Volcanoes' Facebook posts and over 22,000 follow-on comments spanning the 2018 eruption. Our analyses reveal that, for the 16 posts with the highest user engagement, USGS Volcanoes and informed non-USGS users directly answered 73% of questions and directly corrected or called out inaccuracies in over 54% of comments containing misinformation. User sentiments were 66% positive on average per comment thread regarding eruption information, and user feedback toward USGS Volcanoes, USGS scientists, or the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory was 86% positive on average. Quantitative sentiment analysis reveals a 61% correlation between users' overall expressed sentiments and frequency of the word “thank,” providing further evidence that social media engagement by USGS Volcanoes and informed users positively impacted collective user sentiment. Themes emerging from our qualitative thematic analysis illustrate how communication strategies employed by USGS Volcanoes successfully engaged and benefitted users, providing insights for communicating with publics on social media during crisis situations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers Media","doi":"10.3389/fcomm.2024.986974","usgsCitation":"Goldman, R.T., McBride, S., Stovall, W., and Damby, D., 2024, USGS and social media user dialogue and sentiment during the 2018 eruption of Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaii: Frontiers in Communication, v. 9, 986974, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomm.2024.986974.","productDescription":"986974, 23 p.","ipdsId":"IP-153734","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":440335,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomm.2024.986974","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":426242,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kīlauea Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.55563946921137,\n 19.550598333897398\n ],\n [\n -155.55563946921137,\n 19.21673343176832\n ],\n [\n -155.23742984943178,\n 19.21673343176832\n ],\n [\n -155.23742984943178,\n 19.550598333897398\n ],\n [\n -155.55563946921137,\n 19.550598333897398\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goldman, Robert T. 0000-0001-5727-5353","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5727-5353","contributorId":302348,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goldman","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":38021,"text":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":895815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McBride, Sara K. 0000-0002-8062-6542","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8062-6542","contributorId":206933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McBride","given":"Sara K.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":895816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stovall, Wendy K. 0000-0003-2518-2595","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2518-2595","contributorId":214673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stovall","given":"Wendy K.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":895817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Damby, David 0000-0002-3238-3961","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3238-3961","contributorId":206614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Damby","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":895818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70264388,"text":"70264388 - 2024 - Ensemble2: Scenarios ensembling for communication and performance analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-14T14:40:51.762475","indexId":"70264388","displayToPublicDate":"2024-02-22T09:37:18","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5213,"text":"Epidemics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Ensemble2: Scenarios ensembling for communication and performance analysis","title":"Ensemble2: Scenarios ensembling for communication and performance analysis","docAbstract":"Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, scenario modeling played a crucial role in shaping the decision-making process of public health policies. Unlike forecasts, scenario projections rely on specific assumptions about the future that consider different plausible states-of-the-world that may or may not be realized and that depend on policy interventions, unpredictable changes in the epidemic outlook, etc. As a consequence, long-term scenario projections require different evaluation criteria than the ones used for traditional short-term epidemic forecasts. Here, we propose a novel ensemble procedure for assessing pandemic scenario projections using the results of the Scenario Modeling Hub (SMH) for COVID-19 in the United States (US). By defining a “scenario ensemble” for each model and the ensemble of models, termed “Ensemble
The objective of the study is to assess when liquefaction is triggered in a suite of ground motions following simplified approaches and measure the remaining post-triggering energy content of those ground motions. For liquefaction-induced deformations, current simplified analysis procedures do not directly incorporate temporal effects and rely on peak transient intensity measurements. Liquefaction hazard from short-duration, small to moderate-magnitude (M) earthquakes (M4.5–7.5) is adequately expressed using transient intensity measurements. However, subduction-zone interface earthquakes can have magnitudes greater than 9.0, with ground-motion durations exceeding 300 s. Using 525 ground motions from the NGA-Subduction (NGA-Sub) database for subduction-zone earthquakes with M8.25–9.25, the timing of liquefaction was calculated using cyclic counting procedures by assuming a reference stress condition and incorporating cyclic strengths from laboratory element testing. A complementary analysis was completed using 514 crustal ground motion records from the NGA-West2 database for M6.75–7.75. Several trends were identified during this study. First, liquefaction will likely trigger during the first half of the ground motion duration, independent of the earthquake source type. However, subduction-zone motions have larger post-triggering energy content compared to crustal earthquakes. The findings from this work indicate that accurately predicting liquefaction-induced deformations from subduction-zone earthquakes may be substantially improved by using robust time-based liquefaction analysis procedures.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings, Geo-Congress 2024","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Geo-Congress 2024","conferenceDate":"February 25–28, 2024","conferenceLocation":"Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","doi":"10.1061/9780784485316.026","usgsCitation":"Carey, T.J., Naik, A., Makdisi, A.J., and Mason, H., 2024, Liquefaction timing and post-triggering seismic energy: A comparison of crustal and subduction zone earthquakes, in Proceedings, Geo-Congress 2024, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, February 25–28, 2024, p. 240-249, https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784485316.026.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"240","endPage":"249","ipdsId":"IP-157153","costCenters":[{"id":78686,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center - Seismology / Geomagnetism","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":428324,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carey, Trevor J.","contributorId":335970,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carey","given":"Trevor","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36972,"text":"University of British Columbia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":899983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Naik, Atira","contributorId":335971,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Naik","given":"Atira","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36972,"text":"University of British Columbia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":899984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Makdisi, Andrew James 0000-0002-8239-0692","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8239-0692","contributorId":267917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Makdisi","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":899985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mason, Henry 0000-0003-4279-2854","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4279-2854","contributorId":293188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mason","given":"Henry","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":899986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}