{"pageNumber":"1832","pageRowStart":"45775","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":70034453,"text":"70034453 - 2011 - High-frequency Born synthetic seismograms based on coupled normal modes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-20T16:06:14.405714","indexId":"70034453","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"High-frequency Born synthetic seismograms based on coupled normal modes","docAbstract":"<p><span>High-frequency and full waveform synthetic seismograms on a 3-D laterally heterogeneous earth model are simulated using the theory of coupled normal modes. The set of coupled integral equations that describe the 3-D response are simplified into a set of uncoupled integral equations by using the Born approximation to calculate scattered wavefields and the pure-path approximation to modulate the phase of incident and scattered wavefields. This depends upon a decomposition of the aspherical structure into smooth and rough components. The uncoupled integral equations are discretized and solved in the frequency domain, and time domain results are obtained by inverse Fourier transform. Examples show the utility of the normal mode approach to synthesize the seismic wavefields resulting from interaction with a combination of rough and smooth structural heterogeneities. This approach is applied to an ~4 Hz shallow crustal wave propagation around the site of the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD).</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-246X.2011.05188.x","issn":"0956540X","usgsCitation":"Pollitz, F., 2011, High-frequency Born synthetic seismograms based on coupled normal modes: Geophysical Journal International, v. 187, no. 3, p. 1420-1442, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2011.05188.x.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"1420","endPage":"1442","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487189,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.2011.05188.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":244792,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216894,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2011.05188.x"}],"volume":"187","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-10-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a30e8e4b0c8380cd5da57","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pollitz, F.","contributorId":66449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pollitz","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70034937,"text":"70034937 - 2011 - Compositional diversity and geologic insights of the Aristarchus crater from Moon Mineralogy Mapper data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-29T13:41:02","indexId":"70034937","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Compositional diversity and geologic insights of the Aristarchus crater from Moon Mineralogy Mapper data","docAbstract":"The Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) acquired high spatial and spectral resolution data of the Aristarchus Plateau with 140 m/pixel in 85 spectral bands from 0.43 to 3.0 m. The data were collected as radiance and converted to reflectance using the observational constraints and a solar spectrum scaled to the Moon-Sun distance. Summary spectral parameters for the area of mafic silicate 1 and 2 m bands were calculated from the M3 data and used to map the distribution of key units that were then analyzed in detail with the spectral data. This analysis focuses on five key compositional units in the region. (1) The central peaks are shown to be strongly enriched in feldspar and are likely from the upper plagioclase-rich crust of the Moon. (2) The impact melt is compositionally diverse with clear signatures of feldspathic crust, olivine, and glass. (3) The crater walls and ejecta show a high degree of spatial heterogeneity and evidence for massive breccia blocks. (4) Olivine, strongly concentrated on the rim, wall, and exterior of the southeastern quadrant of the crater, is commonly associated the impact melt. (5) There are at least two types of glass deposits observed: pyroclastic glass and impact glass. Copyright 2011 by the American Geophysical Union.","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2010JE003726","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Mustard, J., Pieters, C., Isaacson, P., Head, J., Besse, S., Clark, R.N., Klima, R., Petro, N., Staid, M., Sunshine, J., Runyon, C., and Tompkins, S., 2011, Compositional diversity and geologic insights of the Aristarchus crater from Moon Mineralogy Mapper data: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 116, no. 5, Article E00G12; 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JE003726.","productDescription":"Article E00G12; 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-024467","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475441,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2010je003726","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":243837,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215998,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010JE003726"}],"volume":"116","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f936e4b0c8380cd4d4d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mustard, J.F.","contributorId":91605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mustard","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pieters, C.M.","contributorId":48733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pieters","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16929,"text":"Brown University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":448403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Isaacson, P.J.","contributorId":63236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Isaacson","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Head, J.W.","contributorId":67982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Head","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Besse, S.","contributorId":79330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Besse","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Clark, R. N.","contributorId":6568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Klima, R.L.","contributorId":29238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klima","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Petro, N.E.","contributorId":18999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petro","given":"N.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Staid, M.I.","contributorId":76505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Staid","given":"M.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Sunshine, J.M.","contributorId":74591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sunshine","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Runyon, C.J.","contributorId":19398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runyon","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Tompkins, S.","contributorId":51123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tompkins","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70034624,"text":"70034624 - 2011 - The Regionalization of National-Scale SPARROW Models for Stream Nutrients","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-14T19:52:37.927023","indexId":"70034624","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Regionalization of National-Scale SPARROW Models for Stream Nutrients","docAbstract":"<p><span>This analysis modifies the parsimonious specification of recently published total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) national‐scale SPAtially Referenced Regressions On Watershed attributes models to allow each model coefficient to vary geographically among three major river basins of the conterminous United States. Regionalization of the national models reduces the standard errors in the prediction of TN and TP loads, expressed as a percentage of the predicted load, by about 6 and 7%. We develop and apply a method for combining national‐scale and regional‐scale information to estimate a hybrid model that imposes cross‐region constraints that limit regional variation in model coefficients, effectively reducing the number of free model parameters as compared to a collection of independent regional models. The hybrid TN and TP regional models have improved model fit relative to the respective national models, reducing the standard error in the prediction of loads, expressed as a percentage of load, by about 5 and 4%. Only 19% of the TN hybrid model coefficients and just 2% of the TP hybrid model coefficients show evidence of substantial regional specificity (more than ±100% deviation from the national model estimate). The hybrid models have much greater precision in the estimated coefficients than do the unconstrained regional models, demonstrating the efficacy of pooling information across regions to improve regional models.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00581.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Schwarz, G.E., Alexander, R.B., Smith, R.A., and Preston, S.D., 2011, The Regionalization of National-Scale SPARROW Models for Stream Nutrients: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 47, no. 5, p. 1151-1172, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00581.x.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"1151","endPage":"1172","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475374,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00581.x","text":"Publisher Index 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Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":446735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Preston, Stephen D. 0000-0003-1515-6692 spreston@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1515-6692","contributorId":1463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Preston","given":"Stephen","email":"spreston@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":446736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70034619,"text":"70034619 - 2011 - Estimating water supply arsenic levels in the New England bladder cancer study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-14T21:03:52.593427","indexId":"70034619","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1542,"text":"Environmental Health Perspectives","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating water supply arsenic levels in the New England bladder cancer study","docAbstract":"<p><strong>Background:</strong> Ingestion of inorganic arsenic in drinking water is recognized as a cause of bladder cancer when levels are relatively high (≥ 150 µg/L). The epidemiologic evidence is less clear at the low-to-moderate concentrations typically observed in the United States. Accurate retrospective exposure assessment over a long time period is a major challenge in conducting epidemiologic studies of environmental factors and diseases with long latency, such as cancer.</p><div class=\"hlFld-Abstract\"><div class=\"abstractSection abstractInFull\"><p><strong>Objective</strong>: We estimated arsenic concentrations in the water supplies of 2,611 participants in a population-based case–control study in northern New England.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> Estimates covered the lifetimes of most study participants and were based on a combination of arsenic measurements at the homes of the participants and statistical modeling of arsenic concentrations in the water supply of both past and current homes. We assigned a residential water supply arsenic concentration for 165,138 (95%) of the total 173,361 lifetime exposure years (EYs) and a workplace water supply arsenic level for 85,195 EYs (86% of reported occupational years).</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Three methods accounted for 93% of the residential estimates of arsenic concentration: direct measurement of water samples (27%; median, 0.3 µg/L; range, 0.1–11.5), statistical models of water utility measurement data (49%; median, 0.4 µg/L; range, 0.3–3.3), and statistical models of arsenic concentrations in wells using aquifers in New England (17%; median, 1.6 µg/L; range, 0.6–22.4).</p><p><strong>Conclusions</strong>: We used a different validation procedure for each of the three methods, and found our estimated levels to be comparable with available measured concentrations. This methodology allowed us to calculate potential drinking water exposure over long periods.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Environmental Health Perspectives","doi":"10.1289/ehp.1002345","issn":"00916765","usgsCitation":"Nuckols, J., Beane, F.L., Lubin, J., Airola, M., Baris, D., Ayotte, J., Taylor, A., Paulu, C., Karagas, M., Colt, J., Ward, M., Huang, A., Bress, W., Cherala, S., Silverman, D., and Cantor, K., 2011, Estimating water supply arsenic levels in the New England bladder cancer study: Environmental Health Perspectives, v. 119, no. 9, p. 1279-1285, https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1002345.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1279","endPage":"1285","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475373,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1002345","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":243818,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215979,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1002345"}],"volume":"119","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0b6de4b0c8380cd52701","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nuckols, J.R.","contributorId":85385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nuckols","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beane, Freeman L.E.","contributorId":46325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beane","given":"Freeman","email":"","middleInitial":"L.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lubin, J.H.","contributorId":14184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lubin","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Airola, M.S.","contributorId":85431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Airola","given":"M.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Baris, D.","contributorId":68092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baris","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ayotte, J. D.","contributorId":96667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ayotte","given":"J. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Taylor, A.","contributorId":87381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Paulu, C.","contributorId":73844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paulu","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Karagas, M.R.","contributorId":60467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karagas","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Colt, J.","contributorId":74796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colt","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Ward, M.H.","contributorId":35939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"M.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Huang, A.-T.","contributorId":37984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huang","given":"A.-T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Bress, W.","contributorId":100179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bress","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Cherala, S.","contributorId":74592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cherala","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Silverman, D.T.","contributorId":104275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Silverman","given":"D.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Cantor, K.P.","contributorId":11401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cantor","given":"K.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16}]}}
,{"id":70034653,"text":"70034653 - 2011 - Simultaneous speciation of arsenic, selenium, and chromium: Species stability, sample preservation, and analysis of ash and soil leachates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-15T11:54:12.104638","indexId":"70034653","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":764,"text":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simultaneous speciation of arsenic, selenium, and chromium: Species stability, sample preservation, and analysis of ash and soil leachates","docAbstract":"<p><span>An analytical method using high-performance liquid chromatography separation with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) detection previously developed for the determination of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) has been adapted to allow the determination of As(III), As(V), Se(IV), Se(VI), Cr(III), and Cr(VI) under the same chromatographic conditions. Using this method, all six inorganic species can be determined in less than 3&nbsp;min. A dynamic reaction cell (DRC)–ICP-MS system was used to detect the species eluted from the chromatographic column in order to reduce interferences. A variety of reaction cell gases and conditions may be utilized with the DRC–ICP-MS, and final selection of conditions is determined by data quality objectives. Results indicated all starting standards, reagents, and sample vials should be thoroughly tested for contamination. Tests on species stability indicated that refrigeration at 10&nbsp;°C was preferential to freezing for most species, particularly when all species were present, and that sample solutions and extracts should be analyzed as soon as possible to eliminate species instability and interconversion effects. A variety of environmental and geological samples, including waters and deionized water [leachates] and simulated biological leachates from soils and wildfire ashes have been analyzed using this method. Analytical spikes performed on each sample were used to evaluate data quality. Speciation analyses were conducted on deionized water leachates and simulated lung fluid leachates of ash and soils impacted by wildfires. These results show that, for leachates containing high levels of total Cr, the majority of the chromium was present in the hexavalent Cr(VI) form. In general, total and hexavalent chromium levels for samples taken from burned residential areas were higher than those obtained from non-residential forested areas. Arsenic, when found, was generally in the more oxidized As(V) form. Selenium (IV) and (VI) were present, but typically at low levels.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00216-011-5275-x","issn":"16182642","usgsCitation":"Wolf, R., Morman, S., Hageman, P., Hoefen, T., and Plumlee, G., 2011, Simultaneous speciation of arsenic, selenium, and chromium: Species stability, sample preservation, and analysis of ash and soil leachates: Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, v. 401, no. 9, p. 2733-2745, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-011-5275-x.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"2733","endPage":"2745","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243850,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"401","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b90d6e4b08c986b31969e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wolf, R.E.","contributorId":11827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolf","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morman, S.A.","contributorId":74982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morman","given":"S.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hageman, P.  L. 0000-0002-3440-2150","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3440-2150","contributorId":27459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hageman","given":"P.  L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hoefen, T.M. 0000-0002-3083-5987","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3083-5987","contributorId":18143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoefen","given":"T.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Plumlee, G.S.","contributorId":80698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plumlee","given":"G.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70034617,"text":"70034617 - 2011 - A Miocene river in northern Arizona and its implications for the Colorado River and Grand Canyon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-01T14:36:44","indexId":"70034617","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1728,"text":"GSA Today","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A Miocene river in northern Arizona and its implications for the Colorado River and Grand Canyon","docAbstract":"The southwesterly course of the pre–late Miocene Crooked Ridge River can be traced continuously for 48 km and discontinuously for 91 km in northern Arizona. It is visible today in inverted relief. Pebbles in the river gravel came from at least as far northeast as the San Juan Mountains. The river valley was carved out of easily eroded Jurassic and Cretaceous rocks, whose debris overloaded the river with abundant detritus, possibly steepening the gradient. After the river became inactive, the regional drainage network was rearranged twice, and the Four Corners region was lowered by erosion 1–2 km. The river provides constraints on the history of the Colorado River and Grand Canyon; its continuation into lakes in Arizona or Utah is unlikely, as is integration of the Colorado River through Grand Canyon by lake spillover. The downstream course of the river was probably across the Kaibab Arch in a valley roughly coincident with the present eastern Grand Canyon.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"GSA Today","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","doi":"10.1130/G119A.1","issn":"10525173","usgsCitation":"Lucchitta, I., Holm, R.F., and Lucchitta, B.K., 2011, A Miocene river in northern Arizona and its implications for the Colorado River and Grand Canyon: GSA Today, v. 21, no. 10, p. 4-10, https://doi.org/10.1130/G119A.1.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"4","endPage":"10","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":215950,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G119A.1"},{"id":243787,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.82,31.33 ], [ -114.82,37.0 ], [ -109.0,37.0 ], [ -109.0,31.33 ], [ -114.82,31.33 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"21","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e468e4b0c8380cd4663a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lucchitta, Ivo","contributorId":94291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lucchitta","given":"Ivo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holm, Richard F.","contributorId":8009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holm","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lucchitta, Baerbel K. blucchitta@usgs.gov","contributorId":3649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lucchitta","given":"Baerbel","email":"blucchitta@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":446683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70034935,"text":"70034935 - 2011 - Using a semi-natural stream to produce young sturgeons for conservation stocking: Maintaining natural selection during spawning and rearing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-08T17:24:47.907165","indexId":"70034935","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2166,"text":"Journal of Applied Ichthyology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using a semi-natural stream to produce young sturgeons for conservation stocking: Maintaining natural selection during spawning and rearing","docAbstract":"<p><span>Young sturgeons used for conservation stocking are presently produced using the same methods used for commercial culture. To determine if young sturgeons could be produced without relaxing natural selection factors, we developed a semi‐natural stream where we annually studied mating of wild shortnose sturgeon (</span><i>Acipenser brevirostrum</i><span>) observed movement of gametes released freely during spawning, and estimated the number of larvae produced by various densities of spawned eggs. The stream had a bottom area of 18.8 m</span><sup>2</sup><span>, a rubble–gravel bottom, and a mean bottom current at 0.6 depth during spawning of 48 cm s</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;(range, 17–126 cm s</span><sup>−1</sup><span>). Wild adults successfully spawned in the stream each year for 7 years (2002–2008). Some females and males were more successful during spawning than others, suggesting an unequal fitness during spawning among wild individuals, which is different than the controlled spawning fitness of individuals in hatcheries. Male and female gametes spawned naturally must connect quickly in the fast current or fail, a selection factor absent in hatcheries. The number of larvae produced was inversely related to spawned egg density m</span><sup>−2</sup><span>&nbsp;(</span><i>R</i><sup>2</sup><span> = 0.65) and the maximum number of larvae produced was 8000–16 000 (425–851 larvae m</span><sup>−2</sup><span>&nbsp;of bottom). Artificial spawning streams have the potential to contribute to sturgeon restoration.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1439-0426.2010.01630.x","issn":"01758659","usgsCitation":"Kynard, B., Pugh, D., Parker, T., and Kieffer, M., 2011, Using a semi-natural stream to produce young sturgeons for conservation stocking: Maintaining natural selection during spawning and rearing: Journal of Applied Ichthyology, v. 27, no. 2, p. 420-424, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2010.01630.x.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"420","endPage":"424","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475119,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2010.01630.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":243808,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215971,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2010.01630.x"}],"volume":"27","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc029e4b08c986b329f77","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kynard, B.","contributorId":51232,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kynard","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pugh, D.","contributorId":99367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pugh","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parker, T.","contributorId":90901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kieffer, Micah 0000-0001-9310-018X mkieffer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9310-018X","contributorId":2641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kieffer","given":"Micah","email":"mkieffer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":448391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70034934,"text":"70034934 - 2011 - Study design and sampling intensity for demographic analyses of bear populations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:42","indexId":"70034934","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3671,"text":"Ursus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Study design and sampling intensity for demographic analyses of bear populations","docAbstract":"The rate of population change through time (??) is a fundamental element of a wildlife population's conservation status, yet estimating it with acceptable precision for bears is difficult. For studies that follow known (usually marked) bears, ?? can be estimated during some defined time by applying either life-table or matrix projection methods to estimates of individual vital rates. Usually however, confidence intervals surrounding the estimate are broader than one would like. Using an estimator suggested by Doak et al. (2005), we explored the precision to be expected in ?? from demographic analyses of typical grizzly (Ursus arctos) and American black (U. americanus) bear data sets. We also evaluated some trade-offs among vital rates in sampling strategies. Confidence intervals around ?? were more sensitive to adding to the duration of a short (e.g., 3 yrs) than a long (e.g., 10 yrs) study, and more sensitive to adding additional bears to studies with small (e.g., 10 adult females/yr) than large (e.g., 30 adult females/yr) sample sizes. Confidence intervals of ?? projected using process-only variance of vital rates were only slightly smaller than those projected using total variances of vital rates. Under sampling constraints typical of most bear studies, it may be more efficient to invest additional resources into monitoring recruitment and juvenile survival rates of females already a part of the study, than to simply increase the sample size of study females. ?? 2011 International Association for Bear Research and Management.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ursus","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2192/URSUS-D-10-00028.1","issn":"15376176","usgsCitation":"Harris, R., Schwartz, C., Mace, R., and Haroldson, M., 2011, Study design and sampling intensity for demographic analyses of bear populations: Ursus, v. 22, no. 1, p. 24-36, https://doi.org/10.2192/URSUS-D-10-00028.1.","startPage":"24","endPage":"36","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215970,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2192/URSUS-D-10-00028.1"},{"id":243807,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9ccde4b08c986b31d4c6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harris, R.B.","contributorId":102271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schwartz, C.C.","contributorId":33658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwartz","given":"C.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mace, R.D.","contributorId":103881,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mace","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haroldson, M.A. 0000-0002-7457-7676","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7457-7676","contributorId":108047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haroldson","given":"M.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70034651,"text":"70034651 - 2011 - Marine and terrestrial factors affecting Adélie penguin <i>Pygoscelis adeliae</i> chick growth and recruitment off the western Antarctic Peninsula","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-12T13:16:57","indexId":"70034651","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2663,"text":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Marine and terrestrial factors affecting Adélie penguin <i>Pygoscelis adeliae</i> chick growth and recruitment off the western Antarctic Peninsula","docAbstract":"<p><span>An individual-based bioenergetics model that simulates the growth of an Ad&eacute;lie penguin&nbsp;</span><i>Pygoscelis adeliae</i><span>chick from hatching to fledging was used to assess marine and terrestrial factors that affect chick growth and fledging mass off the western Antarctic Peninsula. Simulations considered the effects on Ad&eacute;lie penguin fledging mass of (1) modification of chick diet through the addition of Antarctic silverfish&nbsp;</span><i>Pleuragramma antarcticum</i><span>&nbsp;to an all-Antarctic krill</span><i>Euphausia superba</i><span>&nbsp;diet, (2) reduction of provisioning rate which may occur as a result of an environmental stress such as reduced prey availability, and (3) increased thermoregulatory costs due to wetting of chicks which may result from increased precipitation or snow-melt in colonies. Addition of 17% Antarctic silverfish of Age-Class 3 yr (AC3) to a penguin chick diet composed of Antarctic krill increased chick fledging mass by 5%. Environmental stress that results in &gt;4% reduction in provisioning rate or wetting of just 10% of the chick&rsquo;s surface area decreased fledging mass enough to reduce the chick&rsquo;s probability of successful recruitment. The negative effects of reduced provisioning and wetting on chick growth can be compensated for by inclusion of Antarctic silverfish of AC3 and older in the chick diet. Results provide insight into climate-driven processes that influence chick growth and highlight a need for field research designed to investigate factors that determine the availability of AC3 and older Antarctic silverfish to foraging Ad&eacute;lie penguins and the influence of snowfall on chick wetting, thermoregulation and adult provisioning rate.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","doi":"10.3354/meps09242","issn":"01718630","usgsCitation":"Chapman, E.W., Hofmann, E.E., Patterson, D.L., Ribic, C.A., and Fraser, W., 2011, Marine and terrestrial factors affecting Adélie penguin <i>Pygoscelis adeliae</i> chick growth and recruitment off the western Antarctic Peninsula: Marine Ecology Progress Series, v. 436, p. 273-289, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps09242.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"273","endPage":"289","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475406,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/meps09242","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":243819,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215980,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps09242"}],"otherGeospatial":"Antarctic Peninsula","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -77.080078125,\n              -74.82193420356529\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.080078125,\n              -61.52269494598358\n            ],\n            [\n              -54.755859375,\n              -61.52269494598358\n            ],\n            [\n              -54.755859375,\n              -74.82193420356529\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.080078125,\n              -74.82193420356529\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"436","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a51cae4b0c8380cd6bf3a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chapman, Erik W.","contributorId":76099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapman","given":"Erik","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hofmann, Eileen E.","contributorId":55726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hofmann","given":"Eileen","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Patterson, Donna L.","contributorId":102711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patterson","given":"Donna","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ribic, Christine A. caribic@usgs.gov","contributorId":831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ribic","given":"Christine","email":"caribic@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":446866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fraser, William R.","contributorId":94277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fraser","given":"William R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70034615,"text":"70034615 - 2011 - East Antarctic rifting triggers uplift of the Gamburtsev Mountains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-10T14:00:32","indexId":"70034615","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"East Antarctic rifting triggers uplift of the Gamburtsev Mountains","docAbstract":"The Gamburtsev Subglacial Mountains are the least understood tectonic feature on Earth, because they are completely hidden beneath the East Antarctic Ice Sheet. Their high elevation and youthful Alpine topography, combined with their location on the East Antarctic craton, creates a paradox that has puzzled researchers since the mountains were discovered in 1958. The preservation of Alpine topography in the Gamburtsevs may reflect extremely low long-term erosion rates beneath the ice sheet, but the mountains’ origin remains problematic. Here we present the first comprehensive view of the crustal architecture and uplift mechanisms for the Gamburtsevs, derived from radar, gravity and magnetic data. The geophysical data define a 2,500-km-long rift system in East Antarctica surrounding the Gamburtsevs, and a thick crustal root beneath the range. We propose that the root formed during the Proterozoic assembly of interior East Antarctica (possibly about 1 Gyr ago), was preserved as in some old orogens and was rejuvenated during much later Permian (roughly 250 Myr ago) and Cretaceous (roughly 100 Myr ago) rifting. Much like East Africa, the interior of East Antarctica is a mosaic of Precambrian provinces affected by rifting processes. Our models show that the combination of rift-flank uplift, root buoyancy and the isostatic response to fluvial and glacial erosion explains the high elevation and relief of the Gamburtsevs. The evolution of the Gamburtsevs demonstrates that rifting and preserved orogenic roots can produce broad regions of high topography in continental interiors without significantly modifying the underlying Precambrian lithosphere.","language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","doi":"10.1038/nature10566","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Ferraccioli, F., Finn, C.A., Jordan, T.A., Bell, R.E., Anderson, L.M., and Damaske, D., 2011, East Antarctic rifting triggers uplift of the Gamburtsev Mountains: Nature, v. 479, no. 7373, p. 388-392, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10566.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"388","endPage":"392","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":422,"text":"National Geomagnetism Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243757,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215921,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature10566"}],"otherGeospatial":"Gamburtsev Mountain Range","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 74.7,-83.1 ], [ 74.7,-77.7 ], [ 80.1,-77.7 ], [ 80.1,-83.1 ], [ 74.7,-83.1 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"479","issue":"7373","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-11-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a052de4b0c8380cd50cb8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ferraccioli, Fausto","contributorId":43591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferraccioli","given":"Fausto","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Finn, Carol A. 0000-0002-6178-0405 cfinn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6178-0405","contributorId":1326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finn","given":"Carol","email":"cfinn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":446674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jordan, Tom A.","contributorId":104304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jordan","given":"Tom","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bell, Robin E.","contributorId":26902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bell","given":"Robin","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Anderson, Lester M.","contributorId":105553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Lester","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Damaske, Detlef","contributorId":77384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Damaske","given":"Detlef","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70044504,"text":"70044504 - 2011 - On the Hydrologic Adjustment of Climate-Model Projections: The Potential Pitfall of Potential Evapotranspiration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-02T09:09:34","indexId":"70044504","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1421,"text":"Earth Interactions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On the Hydrologic Adjustment of Climate-Model Projections: The Potential Pitfall of Potential Evapotranspiration","docAbstract":"Hydrologic models often are applied to adjust projections of hydroclimatic change that come from climate models. Such adjustment includes climate-bias correction, spatial refinement (\"downscaling\"), and consideration of the roles of hydrologic processes that were neglected in the climate model. Described herein is a quantitative analysis of the effects of hydrologic adjustment on the projections of runoff change associated with projected twenty-first-century climate change. In a case study including three climate models and 10 river basins in the contiguous United States, the authors find that relative (i.e., fractional or percentage) runoff change computed with hydrologic adjustment more often than not was less positive (or, equivalently, more negative) than what was projected by the climate models. The dominant contributor to this decrease in runoff was a ubiquitous change in runoff (median -11%) caused by the hydrologic model’s apparent amplification of the climate-model-implied growth in potential evapotranspiration. Analysis suggests that the hydrologic model, on the basis of the empirical, temperature-based modified Jensen–Haise formula, calculates a change in potential evapotranspiration that is typically 3 times the change implied by the climate models, which explicitly track surface energy budgets. In comparison with the amplification of potential evapotranspiration, central tendencies of other contributions from hydrologic adjustment (spatial refinement, climate-bias adjustment, and process refinement) were relatively small. The authors’ findings highlight the need for caution when projecting changes in potential evapotranspiration for use in hydrologic models or drought indices to evaluate climate-change impacts on water.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth Interactions","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","publisherLocation":"Boston, MA","doi":"10.1175/2010EI363.1","usgsCitation":"Milly, P., and Dunne, K.A., 2011, On the Hydrologic Adjustment of Climate-Model Projections: The Potential Pitfall of Potential Evapotranspiration: Earth Interactions, v. 15, no. 1, p. 1-14, https://doi.org/10.1175/2010EI363.1.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"14","numberOfPages":"15","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-019747","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475164,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/2010ei363.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":270445,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":270444,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010EI363.1"}],"volume":"15","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"515bfdf6e4b075500ee5ca7b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Milly, Paul C.D. 0000-0003-4389-3139 cmilly@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4389-3139","contributorId":2119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milly","given":"Paul C.D.","email":"cmilly@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":475759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dunne, Krista A. kadunne@usgs.gov","contributorId":3936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunne","given":"Krista","email":"kadunne@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70034672,"text":"70034672 - 2011 - Divergence in forest-type response to climate and weather: Evidence for regional links between forest-type evenness and net primary productivity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-14T11:50:07.497015","indexId":"70034672","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1478,"text":"Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Divergence in forest-type response to climate and weather: Evidence for regional links between forest-type evenness and net primary productivity","docAbstract":"<p><span>Climate change is altering long-term climatic conditions and increasing the magnitude of weather fluctuations. Assessing the consequences of these changes for terrestrial ecosystems requires understanding how different vegetation types respond to climate and weather. This study examined 20&nbsp;years of regional-scale remotely sensed net primary productivity (NPP) in forests of the northern Lake States to identify how the relationship between NPP and climate or weather differ among forest types, and if NPP patterns are influenced by landscape-scale evenness of forest-type abundance. These results underscore the positive relationship between temperature and NPP. Importantly, these results indicate significant differences among broadly defined forest types in response to both climate and weather. Essentially all weather variables that were strongly related to annual NPP displayed significant differences among forest types, suggesting complementarity in response to environmental fluctuations. In addition, this study found that forest-type evenness (within 8&nbsp;×&nbsp;8&nbsp;km</span><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;areas) is positively related to long-term NPP mean and negatively related to NPP variability, suggesting that NPP in pixels with greater forest-type evenness is both higher and more stable through time. This is landscape- to subcontinental-scale evidence of a relationship between primary productivity and one measure of biological diversity. These results imply that anthropogenic or natural processes that influence the proportional abundance of forest types within landscapes may influence long-term productivity patterns.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10021-011-9460-8","issn":"14329840","usgsCitation":"Bradford, J., 2011, Divergence in forest-type response to climate and weather: Evidence for regional links between forest-type evenness and net primary productivity: Ecosystems, v. 14, no. 6, p. 975-986, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-011-9460-8.","productDescription":"12 p","startPage":"975","endPage":"986","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243633,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":385072,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10021-011-9460-8"}],"volume":"14","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0348e4b0c8380cd503e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradford, J.B.","contributorId":62036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70034673,"text":"70034673 - 2011 - Feasibility of waveform inversion of Rayleigh waves for shallow shear-wave velocity using a genetic algorithm","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-14T11:46:48.294146","indexId":"70034673","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2165,"text":"Journal of Applied Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Feasibility of waveform inversion of Rayleigh waves for shallow shear-wave velocity using a genetic algorithm","docAbstract":"<p><span>Conventional surface wave inversion for shallow shear (S)-wave velocity relies on the generation of dispersion curves of Rayleigh waves. This constrains the method to only laterally homogeneous (or very smooth laterally heterogeneous) earth models. Waveform inversion directly fits waveforms on seismograms, hence, does not have such a limitation. Waveforms of Rayleigh waves are highly related to S-wave velocities. By inverting the waveforms of Rayleigh waves on a near-surface seismogram, shallow S-wave velocities can be estimated for earth models with strong lateral heterogeneity. We employ genetic algorithm (GA) to perform waveform inversion of Rayleigh waves for S-wave velocities. The forward problem is solved by finite-difference modeling in the time domain. The model space is updated by generating offspring models using GA. Final solutions can be found through an iterative waveform-fitting scheme. Inversions based on synthetic records show that the S-wave velocities can be recovered successfully with errors no more than 10% for several typical near-surface earth models. For layered earth models, the proposed method can generate one-dimensional S-wave velocity profiles without the knowledge of initial models. For earth models containing lateral heterogeneity in which case conventional dispersion-curve-based inversion methods are challenging, it is feasible to produce high-resolution S-wave velocity sections by GA waveform inversion with appropriate priori information. The synthetic tests indicate that the GA waveform inversion of Rayleigh waves has the great potential for shallow S-wave velocity imaging with the existence of strong lateral heterogeneity.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jappgeo.2011.09.028","issn":"09269851","usgsCitation":"Zeng, C., Xia, J., Miller, R., and Tsoflias, G., 2011, Feasibility of waveform inversion of Rayleigh waves for shallow shear-wave velocity using a genetic algorithm: Journal of Applied Geophysics, v. 75, no. 4, p. 648-655, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2011.09.028.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"648","endPage":"655","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243634,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"75","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0f3fe4b0c8380cd5382f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zeng, C.","contributorId":94519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zeng","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Xia, J.","contributorId":63513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xia","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, R. D.","contributorId":92693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"R. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tsoflias, G.P.","contributorId":31225,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tsoflias","given":"G.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70034676,"text":"70034676 - 2011 - Comparative phylogeography of a coevolved community: Concerted population expansions in Joshua trees and four Yucca moths","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:40","indexId":"70034676","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparative phylogeography of a coevolved community: Concerted population expansions in Joshua trees and four Yucca moths","docAbstract":"Comparative phylogeographic studies have had mixed success in identifying common phylogeographic patterns among co-distributed organisms. Whereas some have found broadly similar patterns across a diverse array of taxa, others have found that the histories of different species are more idiosyncratic than congruent. The variation in the results of comparative phylogeographic studies could indicate that the extent to which sympatrically-distributed organisms share common biogeographic histories varies depending on the strength and specificity of ecological interactions between them. To test this hypothesis, we examined demographic and phylogeographic patterns in a highly specialized, coevolved community - Joshua trees (Yucca brevifolia) and their associated yucca moths. This tightly-integrated, mutually interdependent community is known to have experienced significant range changes at the end of the last glacial period, so there is a strong a priori expectation that these organisms will show common signatures of demographic and distributional changes over time. Using a database of >5000 GPS records for Joshua trees, and multi-locus DNA sequence data from the Joshua tree and four species of yucca moth, we combined paleaodistribution modeling with coalescent-based analyses of demographic and phylgeographic history. We extensively evaluated the power of our methods to infer past population size and distributional changes by evaluating the effect of different inference procedures on our results, comparing our palaeodistribution models to Pleistocene-aged packrat midden records, and simulating DNA sequence data under a variety of alternative demographic histories. Together the results indicate that these organisms have shared a common history of population expansion, and that these expansions were broadly coincident in time. However, contrary to our expectations, none of our analyses indicated significant range or population size reductions at the end of the last glacial period, and the inferred demographic changes substantially predate Holocene climate changes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0025628","issn":"19326203","usgsCitation":"Smith, C., Tank, S., Godsoe, W., Levenick, J., Strand, E., Esque, T., and Pellmyr, O., 2011, Comparative phylogeography of a coevolved community: Concerted population expansions in Joshua trees and four Yucca moths: PLoS ONE, v. 6, no. 10, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0025628.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475189,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0025628","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":215866,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0025628"},{"id":243698,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-10-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f822e4b0c8380cd4ced7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, C.I.","contributorId":41670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"C.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tank, S.","contributorId":84179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tank","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Godsoe, W.","contributorId":7106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godsoe","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Levenick, J.","contributorId":59265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Levenick","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Strand, Espen","contributorId":91280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strand","given":"Espen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Esque, T.","contributorId":19893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esque","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pellmyr, O.","contributorId":98970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pellmyr","given":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70034646,"text":"70034646 - 2011 - Review: Regional land subsidence accompanying groundwater extraction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-28T14:48:36.513601","indexId":"70034646","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Review: Regional land subsidence accompanying groundwater extraction","docAbstract":"The extraction of groundwater can generate land subsidence by causing the compaction of susceptible aquifer systems, typically unconsolidated alluvial or basin-fill aquifer systems comprising aquifers and aquitards. Various ground-based and remotely sensed methods are used to measure and map subsidence. Many areas of subsidence caused by groundwater pumping have been identified and monitored, and corrective measures to slow or halt subsidence have been devised. Two principal means are used to mitigate subsidence caused by groundwater withdrawal—reduction of groundwater withdrawal, and artificial recharge. Analysis and simulation of aquifer-system compaction follow from the basic relations between head, stress, compressibility, and groundwater flow and are addressed primarily using two approaches—one based on conventional groundwater flow theory and one based on linear poroelasticity theory. Research and development to improve the assessment and analysis of aquifer-system compaction, the accompanying subsidence and potential ground ruptures are needed in the topic areas of the hydromechanical behavior of aquitards, the role of horizontal deformation, the application of differential synthetic aperture radar interferometry, and the regional-scale simulation of coupled groundwater flow and aquifer-system deformation to support resource management and hazard mitigation measures.","language":"English, French, Spanish","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10040-011-0775-5","issn":"14312174","usgsCitation":"Galloway, D.L., and Burbey, T.J., 2011, Review: Regional land subsidence accompanying groundwater extraction: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 19, no. 8, p. 1459-1486, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-011-0775-5.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"1459","endPage":"1486","costCenters":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243729,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215894,"rank":2,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10040-011-0775-5"}],"volume":"19","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaca3e4b0c8380cd86d8b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Galloway, Devin L. 0000-0003-0904-5355 dlgallow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0904-5355","contributorId":679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galloway","given":"Devin","email":"dlgallow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":5058,"text":"Office of the Chief Scientist for Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5078,"text":"Southwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":446846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burbey, Thomas J.","contributorId":51770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burbey","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70034701,"text":"70034701 - 2011 - Geographic variation in morphology of Alaska-breeding Bar-tailed Godwits (<i>Limosa lapponica</i>) is not maintained on their nonbreeding grounds in New Zealand","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-07T11:12:33","indexId":"70034701","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geographic variation in morphology of Alaska-breeding Bar-tailed Godwits (<i>Limosa lapponica</i>) is not maintained on their nonbreeding grounds in New Zealand","docAbstract":"<p><span>Among scolopacid shorebirds, Bar-tailed Godwits (</span><i>Limosa lapponica</i><span>) have unusually high intra- and intersexual differences in size and breeding plumage. Despite historical evidence for population structure among Alaska-breeding Bar-tailed Godwits (</span><i>L. l. baueri</i><span>), no thorough analysis, or comparison with the population's nonbreeding distribution, has been undertaken. We used live captures, field photography, museum specimens, and individuals tracked from New Zealand to describe geographic variation in size and plumage within the Alaska breeding range. We found a north-south cline in body size in Alaska, in which the smallest individuals of each sex occurred at the highest latitudes. Extent of male breeding plumage (proportion of nonbreeding contour feathers replaced) also increased with latitude, but female breeding plumage was most extensive at mid-latitudes. This population structure was not maintained in the nonbreeding season: morphometrics of captured birds and timing of migratory departures indicated that individuals from a wide range of breeding latitudes occur in each region and site in New Zealand. Links among morphology, phenology, and breeding location suggest the possibility of distinct Alaska breeding populations that mix freely in the nonbreeding season, and also imply that the strongest selection for size occurs in the breeding season.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1525/auk.2011.10231","issn":"00048038","usgsCitation":"Conklin, J.R., Battley, P.F., Potter, M.A., and Ruthrauff, D.R., 2011, Geographic variation in morphology of Alaska-breeding Bar-tailed Godwits (<i>Limosa lapponica</i>) is not maintained on their nonbreeding grounds in New Zealand: The Auk, v. 128, no. 2, p. 363-373, https://doi.org/10.1525/auk.2011.10231.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"363","endPage":"373","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475071,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1525/auk.2011.10231","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":243607,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"128","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1789e4b0c8380cd55532","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conklin, Jesse R.","contributorId":169340,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Conklin","given":"Jesse","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Battley, Phil F.","contributorId":27272,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Battley","given":"Phil","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Potter, Murray A.","contributorId":80109,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Potter","given":"Murray","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ruthrauff, Daniel R. 0000-0003-1355-9156 druthrauff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1355-9156","contributorId":4181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruthrauff","given":"Daniel","email":"druthrauff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":447109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70035025,"text":"70035025 - 2011 - Multimodel inference and adaptive management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-12T12:07:22","indexId":"70035025","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2258,"text":"Journal of Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multimodel inference and adaptive management","docAbstract":"<p><span>Ecology is an inherently complex science coping with correlated variables, nonlinear interactions and multiple scales of pattern and process, making it difficult for experiments to result in clear, strong inference. Natural resource managers, policy makers, and stakeholders rely on science to provide timely and accurate management recommendations. However, the time necessary to untangle the complexities of interactions within ecosystems is often far greater than the time available to make management decisions. One method of coping with this problem is multimodel inference. Multimodel inference assesses uncertainty by calculating likelihoods among multiple competing hypotheses, but multimodel inference results are often equivocal. Despite this, there may be pressure for ecologists to provide management recommendations regardless of the strength of their study&rsquo;s inference. We reviewed papers in the Journal of Wildlife Management (JWM) and the journal Conservation Biology (CB) to quantify the prevalence of multimodel inference approaches, the resulting inference (weak versus strong), and how authors dealt with the uncertainty. Thirty-eight percent and 14%, respectively, of articles in the JWM and CB used multimodel inference approaches. Strong inference was rarely observed, with only 7% of JWM and 20% of CB articles resulting in strong inference. We found the majority of weak inference papers in both journals (59%) gave specific management recommendations. Model selection uncertainty was ignored in most recommendations for management. We suggest that adaptive management is an ideal method to resolve uncertainty when research results in weak inference.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.10.012","issn":"03014797","usgsCitation":"Rehme, S., Powell, L., and Allen, C.R., 2011, Multimodel inference and adaptive management: Journal of Environmental Management, v. 92, no. 5, p. 1360-1364, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.10.012.","startPage":"1360","endPage":"1364","numberOfPages":"5","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-021299","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215535,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.10.012"},{"id":243346,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"92","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6031e4b0c8380cd71363","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rehme, S.E.","contributorId":9890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rehme","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Powell, L.A.","contributorId":51262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Allen, Craig R. 0000-0001-8655-8272 allencr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8655-8272","contributorId":1979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"allencr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":448938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70034630,"text":"70034630 - 2011 - Sediment dynamics and the burial and exhumation of bedrock reefs along an emergent coastline as elucidated by repetitive sonar surveys: Northern Monterey Bay, CA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-28T08:16:21","indexId":"70034630","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sediment dynamics and the burial and exhumation of bedrock reefs along an emergent coastline as elucidated by repetitive sonar surveys: Northern Monterey Bay, CA","docAbstract":"Two high-resolution bathymetric and acoustic backscatter sonar surveys were conducted along the energetic emergent inner shelf of northern Monterey Bay, CA, USA, in the fall of 2005 and the spring of 2006 to determine the impact of winter storm waves, beach erosion, and river floods on biologically-important siliclastic bedrock reef habitats. The surveys extended from water depths of 4 m to 22 m and covered an area of 3.14 km2, 45.8% of which was bedrock, gravel, and coarse-grained sand and 54.2% was fine-grained sand. Our analyses of the bathymetric and acoustic backscatter data demonstrates that during the 6 months between surveys, 11.4% of the study area was buried by fine-grained sand while erosion resulted in the exposure of bedrock or coarse-grained sand over 26.5% of the study area. The probability of burial decreased with increasing water depth and rugosity; the probability of exhumation increased with increasing wave-induced near-bed shear stress, seabed slope and rugosity. Much of the detected change was at the boundary between bedrock and unconsolidated sediment due to sedimentation and erosion burying or exhuming bedrock, respectively. In a number of cases, however, the change in seabed character was apparently due to changes in sediment grain size when scour exposed what appeared to be an underlying coarser-grained lag or the burial of coarser-grained sand and gravel by fine-grained sand. These findings suggest that, in some places, (a) burial and exhumation of nearshore bedrock reefs along rocky, energetic inner shelves occurs over seasonal timescales and appears related to intrinsic factors such as seabed morphology and extrinsic factors such as wave forces, and (b) single acoustic surveys typically employed for geologic characterization and/or habitat mapping may not adequately characterize the geomorphologic and sedimentologic nature of these types of environments that typify most of the Pacific Ocean and up to 50% of the world's coastlines.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2011.09.010","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Storlazzi, C., Fregoso, T., Golden, N., and Finlayson, D., 2011, Sediment dynamics and the burial and exhumation of bedrock reefs along an emergent coastline as elucidated by repetitive sonar surveys: Northern Monterey Bay, CA: Marine Geology, v. 289, no. 1-4, p. 46-59, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2011.09.010.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"46","endPage":"59","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":215660,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2011.09.010"},{"id":243479,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Monterey Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.145,36.629 ], [ -122.145,36.941 ], [ -121.828,36.941 ], [ -121.828,36.629 ], [ -122.145,36.629 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"289","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8988e4b08c986b316e10","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Storlazzi, C. D. 0000-0001-8057-4490","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-4490","contributorId":98905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storlazzi","given":"C. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fregoso, T.A.","contributorId":89371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fregoso","given":"T.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Golden, N.E.","contributorId":85426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Golden","given":"N.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Finlayson, D.P.","contributorId":104301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finlayson","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70035026,"text":"70035026 - 2011 - Late Quaternary environmental change inferred from phytoliths and other soil-related proxies: Case studies from the central and southern Great Plains, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-04T14:28:18.184017","indexId":"70035026","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1198,"text":"Catena","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Quaternary environmental change inferred from phytoliths and other soil-related proxies: Case studies from the central and southern Great Plains, USA","docAbstract":"<p id=\"sp0130\">This study investigates stable carbon isotopes (<i>δ</i><sup>13</sup>C), opal phytolith assemblages, burnt phytoliths, microscopic charcoal and<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Sporormiella</i><span>&nbsp;</span>spores from modern soils and paleosols in Kansas and Oklahoma. Grass and dicot phytoliths in combination with<span>&nbsp;</span><i>δ</i><sup>13</sup>C are used as proxies for reconstructing the structure of grasslands and woodlands. Burnt grass phytoliths and microscopic charcoal are evaluated as proxies for reconstructing paleofire incidence. Concentrations of the fungal spore<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Sporormiella</i><span>&nbsp;</span>are used as a proxy for assessing large herbivore activity. These proxies were tested on various modern grassland communities of the central and southern Great Plains, including areas with bison, cattle, and small herbivores, and areas under different fire frequencies.</p><p id=\"sp0135\">Opal phytolith assemblages and<span>&nbsp;</span><i>δ</i><sup>13</sup>C values show that before cal 11&nbsp;ka, C<sub>3</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>grasses and woody plants predominated in areas that today are dominated by C<sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>grasses. The origin of the shortgrass prairie dates back to about cal 10&nbsp;ka. The origin of the tallgrass prairie, however, is not clear as phytolith data show variable assemblages throughout the Holocene (mixed-grass, tallgrass, and tallgrass–woodland mosaic). Different proxies (burnt phytoliths vs. charcoal) reveal different fire frequencies, but it is apparent that microfossil evidence for fire incidence is closely related to the abundance of woody plants in the landscape.</p><p id=\"sp0140\">Before cal 12&nbsp;ka, soils show somewhat elevated concentration of<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Sporormiella</i>, but lower concentrations than the modern high-density bison and cattle grazing areas. Throughout the Holocene,<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Sporormiella</i><span>&nbsp;</span>frequencies are low, which suggests lower large ungulate densities and perhaps high mobility.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2010.08.015","issn":"03418162","usgsCitation":"Cordova, C., Johnson, W., Mandel, R., and Palmer, M., 2011, Late Quaternary environmental change inferred from phytoliths and other soil-related proxies: Case studies from the central and southern Great Plains, USA: Catena, v. 85, no. 2, p. 87-108, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2010.08.015.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"87","endPage":"108","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242852,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Kansas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas","otherGeospatial":"Central and southern Great Plains","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -107.05078125,\n              31.728167146023935\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.94140625,\n              30.90222470517144\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.53515625,\n              29.152161283318915\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.689453125,\n              29.916852233070173\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.822265625,\n              25.799891182088334\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.20703125,\n              27.527758206861886\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.33984375,\n              29.916852233070173\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.955078125,\n              32.69486597787505\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.5703125,\n              35.460669951495305\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.74609375,\n              39.436192999314095\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.25146484374999,\n              40.06125658140474\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.216796875,\n              40.17887331434696\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.3046875,\n              41.11246878918088\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.3359375,\n              40.97989806962013\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.16015624999999,\n              31.27855085894653\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.9296875,\n              31.27855085894653\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.841796875,\n              31.80289258670676\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.05078125,\n              31.728167146023935\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"85","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4526e4b0c8380cd67098","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cordova, C.E.","contributorId":8303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cordova","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, W.C.","contributorId":68003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"W.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mandel, R.D.","contributorId":58000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mandel","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Palmer, M.W.","contributorId":88703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palmer","given":"M.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70034632,"text":"70034632 - 2011 - A natural experiment on the condition-dependence of achromatic plumage reflectance in black-capped chickadees","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-21T15:10:35","indexId":"70034632","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A natural experiment on the condition-dependence of achromatic plumage reflectance in black-capped chickadees","docAbstract":"Honest advertisement models posit that only individuals in good health can produce and/or maintain ornamental traits. Even though disease has profound effects on condition, few studies have experimentally tested its effects on trait expression and even fewer have identified a mechanistic basis for these effects. Recent evidence suggests that black and white, but not grey, plumage colors of black-capped chickadees (Poecile atricapillus) are sexually selected. We therefore hypothesized that birds afflicted with avian keratin disorder, a condition that affects the beak and other keratinized tissues, would show reduced expression of black and white, but not grey, color. UV-vis spectrometry of black-capped chickadees affected and unaffected by avian keratin disorder revealed spectral differences between them consistent with this hypothesis. To elucidate the mechanistic bases of these differences, we used scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and a feather cleaning experiment. SEM showed extreme feather soiling in affected birds, and EDX revealed that this was most likely from external sources. Experimentally cleaning the feathers increased color expression of ornamental feathers of affected, but not unaffected, birds. These data provide strong evidence that black and white color is an honest indicator in chickadees, and that variation in feather dirtiness, likely due to differences in preening behavior is a mechanism for this association.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0025877","issn":"19326203","usgsCitation":"D'Alba, L., Van Hemert, C.R., Handel, C.M., and Shawkey, M., 2011, A natural experiment on the condition-dependence of achromatic plumage reflectance in black-capped chickadees: PLoS ONE, v. 6, no. 10, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0025877.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475404,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0025877","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":243513,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215692,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0025877"}],"volume":"6","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-10-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e494e4b0c8380cd4673b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"D'Alba, L.","contributorId":9079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"D'Alba","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van Hemert, Caroline R. 0000-0002-6858-7165 cvanhemert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6858-7165","contributorId":3592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Hemert","given":"Caroline","email":"cvanhemert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":446772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Handel, Colleen M. 0000-0002-0267-7408 cmhandel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0267-7408","contributorId":3067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Handel","given":"Colleen","email":"cmhandel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":446770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shawkey, M.D.","contributorId":97731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shawkey","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70034633,"text":"70034633 - 2011 - Sources and Delivery of Nutrients to the Northwestern Gulf of Mexico from Streams in the South-Central United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-14T17:22:26.259382","indexId":"70034633","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sources and Delivery of Nutrients to the Northwestern Gulf of Mexico from Streams in the South-Central United States","docAbstract":"<p><span>SPAtially Referenced Regressions On Watershed attributes (SPARROW) models were developed to estimate nutrient inputs [total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP)] to the northwestern part of the Gulf of Mexico from streams in the South‐Central United States (U.S.). This area included drainages of the Lower Mississippi, Arkansas‐White‐Red, and Texas‐Gulf hydrologic regions. The models were standardized to reflect nutrient sources and stream conditions during 2002. Model predictions of nutrient loads (mass per time) and yields (mass per area per time) generally were greatest in streams in the eastern part of the region and along reaches near the Texas and Louisiana shoreline. The Mississippi River and Atchafalaya River watersheds, which drain nearly two‐thirds of the conterminous U.S., delivered the largest nutrient loads to the Gulf of Mexico, as expected. However, the three largest delivered TN yields were from the Trinity River/Galveston Bay, Calcasieu River, and Aransas River watersheds, while the three largest delivered TP yields were from the Calcasieu River, Mermentau River, and Trinity River/Galveston Bay watersheds. Model output indicated that the three largest sources of nitrogen from the region were atmospheric deposition (42%), commercial fertilizer (20%), and livestock manure (unconfined, 17%). The three largest sources of phosphorus were commercial fertilizer (28%), urban runoff (23%), and livestock manure (confined and unconfined, 23%).</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00583.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Rebich, R.A., Houston, N.A., Mize, S.V., Pearson, D., Ging, P.B., and Evan, H.C., 2011, Sources and Delivery of Nutrients to the Northwestern Gulf of Mexico from Streams in the South-Central United States: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 47, no. 5, p. 1061-1086, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00583.x.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"1061","endPage":"1086","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475372,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00583.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":243543,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215721,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00583.x"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas, Oklahoma, Arkansas, Louisiana, Missouri, Kansas, Mississippi, Colorado, Missouri, Tennessee","otherGeospatial":"South-Central United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -103.0078125,\n              32.175612478499325\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.337890625,\n              30.751277776257812\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.49218749999999,\n              30.221101852485987\n            ],\n            [\n          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}\n  ]\n}","volume":"47","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b934ce4b08c986b31a40f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rebich, Richard A. 0000-0003-4256-7171 rarebich@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4256-7171","contributorId":2315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rebich","given":"Richard","email":"rarebich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":446773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Houston, Natalie A. 0000-0002-6071-4545 nhouston@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6071-4545","contributorId":1682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houston","given":"Natalie","email":"nhouston@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":446774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mize, Scott V. 0000-0001-6751-5568 svmize@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6751-5568","contributorId":2997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mize","given":"Scott","email":"svmize@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":446778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pearson, Daniel 0000-0001-7808-8311 dpearson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7808-8311","contributorId":201255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearson","given":"Daniel","email":"dpearson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":446775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ging, Patricia B. 0000-0001-5491-8448 pbging@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5491-8448","contributorId":1788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ging","given":"Patricia","email":"pbging@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":446776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Evan, Hornig C.","contributorId":60465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evan","given":"Hornig","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70035027,"text":"70035027 - 2011 - Evaluating the effect of predators on white-tailed deer: Movement and diet of coyotes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-06T13:43:08","indexId":"70035027","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating the effect of predators on white-tailed deer: Movement and diet of coyotes","docAbstract":"<p><span>Coyotes (</span><i>Canis latrans</i><span>) may affect adult and neonate white-tailed deer (</span><i>Odocoileus virginianus</i><span>) survival and have been implicated as a contributor to the decline of deer populations. Additionally, coyote diet composition is influenced by prey availability, season, and region. Because coyote movement and diet vary by region, local data are important to understand coyote population dynamics and their impact on prey species. In southeast Minnesota, we investigated the effect of coyotes on white-tailed deer populations by documenting movement rates, distances moved, and habitats searched by coyotes during fawning and nonfawning periods. Additionally, we determined survival, cause-specific mortality, and seasonal diet composition of coyotes. From 2001 to 2003, we captured and radiocollared 30 coyotes. Per-hour rate of movement averaged 0.87 km and was greater (</span><i>P</i><span> = 0.046) during the fawning (1.07 km) than the nonfawning period (0.80 km); areas searched were similar (</span><i>P</i><span> = 0.175) between seasons. Coyote habitat use differed during both seasons; habitats were not used in proportion to their availability (</span><i>P</i><span> &lt; 0.001). Croplands were used more (</span><i>P</i><span> &lt; 0.001) than their proportional availability during both seasons. Use of grasslands was greater during the fawning period (</span><i>P</i><span> = 0.030), whereas use of cropland was greater in the nonfawning period (</span><i>P</i><span> &lt; 0.001). We collected 66 fecal samples during the nonfawning period; coyote diets were primarily composed of </span><i>Microtus</i><span> spp. (65.2%), and consumption of deer was 9.1%. During the study, 19 coyotes died; annual survival rate range was 0.33–0.41, which was low compared with other studies. Consumption of deer was low and coyotes searched open areas (i.e., cropland) more than fawning areas with dense cover. These factors in addition to high coyote mortality suggested that coyote predation was not likely limiting white-tailed deer populations in southeast Minnesota. </span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.109","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Turner, M., Rockhill, A., Deperno, C., Jenks, J., Klaver, R., Jarding, A., Grovenburg, T., and Pollock, K.H., 2011, Evaluating the effect of predators on white-tailed deer: Movement and diet of coyotes: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 75, no. 4, p. 905-912, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.109.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"905","endPage":"912","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242853,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215081,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.109"}],"volume":"75","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0bf7e4b0c8380cd52983","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Turner, M.M.","contributorId":26895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rockhill, A.P.","contributorId":70200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rockhill","given":"A.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Deperno, C.S.","contributorId":97870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deperno","given":"C.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jenks, J.A.","contributorId":31726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenks","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Klaver, R. W. 0000-0002-3263-9701","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3263-9701","contributorId":50267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klaver","given":"R. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jarding, A.R.","contributorId":108329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarding","given":"A.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Grovenburg, T.W.","contributorId":78163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grovenburg","given":"T.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Pollock, K. H.","contributorId":65184,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pollock","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70035028,"text":"70035028 - 2011 - Enhanced transpiration by riparian buffer trees in response to advection in a humid temperate agricultural landscape","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-02T20:51:06.535692","indexId":"70035028","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1687,"text":"Forest Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Enhanced transpiration by riparian buffer trees in response to advection in a humid temperate agricultural landscape","docAbstract":"<p><span>Riparian buffers are designed as management practices to increase infiltration and reduce surface runoff and transport of sediment and nonpoint source pollutants from crop fields to adjacent streams. Achieving these ecosystem service goals depends, in part, on their ability to remove water from the soil via transpiration. In these systems, edges between crop fields and trees of the buffer systems can create advection processes, which could influence water use by trees. We conducted a field study in a riparian buffer system established in 1994 under a humid temperate climate, located in the Corn Belt region of the Midwestern U.S. (Iowa). The goals were to estimate stand level transpiration by the riparian buffer, quantify the controls on water use by the buffer system, and determine to what extent advective energy and tree position within the buffer system influence individual tree transpiration rates. We primarily focused on the water use response (determined with the Heat Ratio Method) of one of the dominant species (</span><i>Acer saccharinum</i><span>) and a subdominant (</span><i>Juglans nigra</i><span>). A few individuals of three additional species (</span><i>Quercus bicolor, Betula nigra, Platanus occidentalis</i><span>) were monitored over a shorter time period to assess the generality of responses. Meteorological stations were installed along a transect across the riparian buffer to determine the microclimate conditions. The differences found among individuals were attributed to differences in species sap velocities and sapwood depths, location relative to the forest edge and prevailing winds and canopy exposure and dominance. Sapflow rates for&nbsp;</span><i>A. saccharinum</i><span>&nbsp;trees growing at the SE edge (prevailing winds) were 39% greater than SE&nbsp;</span><i>interior</i><span>&nbsp;trees and 30% and 69% greater than NW&nbsp;</span><i>interior</i><span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><i>edge</i><span>&nbsp;trees, respectively. No transpiration enhancement due to edge effect was detected in the subdominant&nbsp;</span><i>J. nigra</i><span>. The results were interpreted as indicative of advection effects from the surrounding crops. Further, significant differences were document in sapflow rates between the five study species, suggesting that selection of species is important for enhancing specific riparian buffer functions. However, more information is needed on water use patterns among diverse species growing under different climatic and biophysical conditions to assist policy and management decisions regarding effective buffer design.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2011.01.027","issn":"03781127","usgsCitation":"Hernandez-Santana, V., Asbjornsen, H., Sauer, T., Isenhart, T., Schilling, K., and Schultz, R., 2011, Enhanced transpiration by riparian buffer trees in response to advection in a humid temperate agricultural landscape: Forest Ecology and Management, v. 261, no. 8, p. 1415-1427, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2011.01.027.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1415","endPage":"1427","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475519,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/nrem_pubs/176","text":"External Repository"},{"id":242886,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215111,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2011.01.027"}],"volume":"261","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0970e4b0c8380cd51ef3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hernandez-Santana, V.","contributorId":90126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hernandez-Santana","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Asbjornsen, H.","contributorId":86968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asbjornsen","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sauer, T.","contributorId":43998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Isenhart, T.","contributorId":27691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Isenhart","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schilling, K.","contributorId":101423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schilling","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schultz, Ronald","contributorId":13815,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schultz","given":"Ronald","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70034443,"text":"70034443 - 2011 - Response of surface processes to climatic change in the dunefields and Loess Plateau of North China during the late Quaternary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-20T16:55:46.067392","indexId":"70034443","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1425,"text":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response of surface processes to climatic change in the dunefields and Loess Plateau of North China during the late Quaternary","docAbstract":"<p><span>This paper draws on recent optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating to evaluate the long‐held assumption that dust accumulation rates in the Loess Plateau and the extent of active aeolian sand in the dunefields to the north have varied together over time, because both are controlled by the strength of the Asian monsoons and also possibly because the dunefields are proximal loess sources. The results show there is little evidence that high rates of loess accumulation coincided with well‐dated episodes of extensive dune activity in the Mu Us, Otindag, and Horqin dunefields, at 11–8 ka and 1–0 ka. Explanations for the apparent lack of coupling include local variation in the trapping of dust and post‐depositional preservation of the loess and dune sediments, in response to varying local environmental conditions. In addition, a substantial portion of the loess may be transported directly from source areas where dust emission has somewhat different climatic and geomorphic controls than aeolian sand activity within the dunefields. The results of this study cast doubt on the use of loess accumulation rate as a palaeoclimatic proxy at millennial timescale. The dunefield and loess stratigraphic records are interpreted as primarily recording changes in effective moisture at a local scale, but the timing of late Quaternary dune activity, along with a variety of other evidence, indicates that moisture changes in many of the drylands of northern China may not be in phase with precipitation in core regions of the Asian monsoons.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/esp.2168","issn":"01979337","usgsCitation":"Lu, H., Mason, J., Stevens, T., Zhou, Y., Yi, S., and Miao, X., 2011, Response of surface processes to climatic change in the dunefields and Loess Plateau of North China during the late Quaternary: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, v. 36, no. 12, p. 1590-1603, https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.2168.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1590","endPage":"1603","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244630,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216744,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/esp.2168"}],"volume":"36","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaa6de4b0c8380cd8631c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lu, H.","contributorId":49936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mason, J.A.","contributorId":31507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mason","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stevens, T.","contributorId":41249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stevens","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zhou, Y.","contributorId":70526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhou","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Yi, S.","contributorId":33936,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yi","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13117,"text":"Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":445809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Miao, X.","contributorId":60753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miao","given":"X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70034448,"text":"70034448 - 2011 - Integration of Palmer Drought Severity Index and remote sensing data to simulate wetland water surface from 1910 to 2009 in Cottonwood Lake area, North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T10:53:22","indexId":"70034448","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integration of Palmer Drought Severity Index and remote sensing data to simulate wetland water surface from 1910 to 2009 in Cottonwood Lake area, North Dakota","docAbstract":"<p><span>Spatiotemporal variations of wetland water in the Prairie Pothole Region are controlled by many factors; two of them are temperature and precipitation that form the basis of the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI). Taking the 196</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>km</span><sup>2</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>Cottonwood Lake area in North Dakota as our pilot study site, we integrated PDSI, Landsat images, and aerial photography records to simulate monthly water surface. First, we developed a new Wetland Water Area Index (WWAI) from PDSI to predict water surface area. Second, we developed a water allocation model to simulate the spatial distribution of water bodies at a resolution of 30</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>m. Third, we used an additional procedure to model the small wetlands (less than 0.8</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>ha) that could not be detected by Landsat. Our results showed that i) WWAI was highly correlated with water area with an R</span><sup>2</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>of 0.90, resulting in a simple regression prediction of monthly water area to capture the intra- and inter-annual water change from 1910 to 2009; ii) the spatial distribution of water bodies modeled from our approach agreed well with the water locations visually identified from the aerial photography records; and iii) the R</span><sup>2</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>between our modeled water bodies (including both large and small wetlands) and those from aerial photography records could be up to 0.83 with a mean average error of 0.64</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>km</span><sup>2</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>within the study area where the modeled wetland water areas ranged from about 2 to 14</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>km</span><sup>2</sup><span>. These results indicate that our approach holds great potential to simulate major changes in wetland water surface for ecosystem service; however, our products could capture neither the short-term water change caused by intensive rainstorm events nor the wetland change caused by human activities.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2011.08.002","issn":"00344257","usgsCitation":"Huang, S., Dahal, D., Young, C., Chander, G., and Liu, S., 2011, Integration of Palmer Drought Severity Index and remote sensing data to simulate wetland water surface from 1910 to 2009 in Cottonwood Lake area, North Dakota: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 115, no. 12, p. 3377-3389, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2011.08.002.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"3377","endPage":"3389","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":216832,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2011.08.002"},{"id":244727,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Cottonwood Lake","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -104.05,45.9351 ], [ -104.05,49.0007 ], [ -96.5545,49.0007 ], [ -96.5545,45.9351 ], [ -104.05,45.9351 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"115","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3c88e4b0c8380cd62dff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huang, Shengli shuang@usgs.gov","contributorId":1926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huang","given":"Shengli","email":"shuang@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":445835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dahal, Devendra 0000-0001-9594-1249 ddahal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9594-1249","contributorId":5622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dahal","given":"Devendra","email":"ddahal@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":445834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Young, Claudia 0000-0002-0859-7206 claudia.young.ctr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0859-7206","contributorId":191382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"Claudia","email":"claudia.young.ctr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":445836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chander, Gyanesh gchander@usgs.gov","contributorId":3013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chander","given":"Gyanesh","email":"gchander@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":445837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Liu, Shuguang 0000-0002-6027-3479 sliu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6027-3479","contributorId":147403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Shuguang","email":"sliu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":445838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
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