{"pageNumber":"1833","pageRowStart":"45800","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":70034366,"text":"70034366 - 2011 - Mortality of Siberian polecats and black-footed ferrets released onto prairie dog colonies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-21T20:09:47.111367","indexId":"70034366","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mortality of Siberian polecats and black-footed ferrets released onto prairie dog colonies","docAbstract":"<p><span>Black-footed ferrets (</span><i>Mustela nigripes</i><span>) likely were extirpated from the wild in 1985–1986, and their repatriation depends on captive breeding and reintroduction. Postrelease survival of animals can be affected by behavioral changes induced by captivity. We released neutered Siberian polecats (</span><i>M. eversmanii</i><span>), close relatives of ferrets, in 1989–1990 on black-tailed prairie dog (</span><i>Cynomys ludovicianus</i><span>) colonies in Colorado and Wyoming initially to test rearing and reintroduction techniques. Captive-born polecats were reared in cages or cages plus outdoor pens, released from elevated cages or into burrows, and supplementally fed or not fed. We also translocated wild-born polecats from China in 1990 and released captive-born, cage-reared black-footed ferrets in 1991, the 1st such reintroduction of black-footed ferrets. We documented mortality for 55 of 92 radiotagged animals in these studies, mostly due to predation (46 cases). Coyotes (</span><i>Canis latrans</i><span>) killed 31 ferrets and polecats. Supplementally fed polecats survived longer than nonprovisioned polecats. With a model based on deaths per distance moved, survival was highest for wild-born polecats, followed by pen-experienced, then cage-reared groups. Indexes of abundance (from spotlight surveys) for several predators were correlated with mortality rates of polecats and ferrets due to those predators. Released black-footed ferrets had lower survival rates than their ancestral population in Wyoming, and lower survival than wild-born and translocated polecats, emphasizing the influence of captivity. Captive-born polecats lost body mass more rapidly postrelease than did captive-born ferrets. Differences in hunting efficiency and prey selection provide further evidence that these polecats and ferrets are not ecological equivalents in the strict sense.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Mammalogists","doi":"10.1644/10-MAMM-S-115.1","issn":"00222372","usgsCitation":"Biggins, E., Miller, B., Hanebury, L.R., and Powell, R.A., 2011, Mortality of Siberian polecats and black-footed ferrets released onto prairie dog colonies: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 92, no. 4, p. 721-731, https://doi.org/10.1644/10-MAMM-S-115.1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"721","endPage":"731","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487180,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1644/10-mamm-s-115.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":244852,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216950,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1644/10-MAMM-S-115.1"}],"volume":"92","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5e75e4b0c8380cd70a62","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Biggins, E.","contributorId":88303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biggins","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, B.J.","contributorId":17173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"B.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hanebury, Louis R.","contributorId":47544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanebury","given":"Louis","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Powell, R. A.","contributorId":41789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70032443,"text":"70032443 - 2011 - Aeolian nutrient fluxes following wildfire in sagebrush steppe: Implications for soil carbon storage","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:20","indexId":"70032443","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1011,"text":"Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aeolian nutrient fluxes following wildfire in sagebrush steppe: Implications for soil carbon storage","docAbstract":"Pulses of aeolian transport following fire can profoundly affect the biogeochemical cycling of nutrients in semi-arid and arid ecosystems. Our objective was to determine horizontal nutrient fluxes occurring in the saltation zone during an episodic pulse of aeolian transport that occurred following a wildfire in a semi-arid sagebrush steppe ecosystem in southern Idaho, USA. We also examined how temporal trends in nutrient fluxes were affected by changes in particle sizes of eroded mass as well as nutrient concentrations associated with different particle size classes. In the burned area, total carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) fluxes were as high as 235 g C m????'1 d????'1 and 19 g N m????'1 d????'1 during the first few months following fire, whereas C and N fluxes were negligible in an adjacent unburned area throughout the study. Temporal variation in C and N fluxes following fire was largely attributable to the redistribution of saltation-sized particles. Total N and organic C concentrations in the soil surface were significantly lower in the burned relative to the unburned area one year after fire. Our results show how an episodic pulse of aeolian transport following fire can affect the spatial distribution of soil C and N, which, in turn, can have important implications for soil C storage. These findings demonstrate how an ecological disturbance can exacerbate a geomorphic process and highlight the need for further research to better understand the role aeolian transport plays in the biogeochemical cycling of C and N in recently burned landscapes. ?? Author(s) 2011. CC Attribution 3.0 License.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biogeosciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.5194/bg-8-3649-2011","issn":"17264170","usgsCitation":"Hasselquist, N., Germino, M., Sankey, J., Ingram, L., and Glenn, N., 2011, Aeolian nutrient fluxes following wildfire in sagebrush steppe: Implications for soil carbon storage: Biogeosciences, v. 8, no. 12, p. 3649-3659, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-8-3649-2011.","startPage":"3649","endPage":"3659","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475444,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-8-3649-2011","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":241310,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213661,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-8-3649-2011"}],"volume":"8","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-12-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e70ee4b0c8380cd47814","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hasselquist, N.J.","contributorId":21769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hasselquist","given":"N.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Germino, M.J.","contributorId":82537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Germino","given":"M.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sankey, J.B.","contributorId":53610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sankey","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ingram, L.J.","contributorId":101465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingram","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Glenn, N.F.","contributorId":35130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glenn","given":"N.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70043660,"text":"70043660 - 2011 - Effect of dietary salt on migration and survival of yearling steelhead produced at Iron Gate Hatchery, Klamath River, 2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-19T12:07:45","indexId":"70043660","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesNumber":"TR 2011-15","title":"Effect of dietary salt on migration and survival of yearling steelhead produced at Iron Gate Hatchery, Klamath River, 2009","docAbstract":"We surgically implanted radio transmitters into 30 hatchery yearling steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) released from Iron Gate Hatchery during the spring of 2009 to improve our understanding of the effect of dietary salt on their out-migration and survival. Steelhead yearlings were divided into two feed treatments to test the efficacy of a salt-enriched feed in promoting out-migration. Fish were fed either their regular diet (control treatment) or a salt-enriched diet (test treatment) for 38 d prior to their release. We implanted 15 fish of each treatment with radio transmitters for a total of 30 tagged individuals. Nine of the radio-tagged steelhead (four of the control treatment; five of the test treatment) completed their downstream migration to the estuary within the 60-d operational period of the tags. Tagged fish migrated from the hatchery release site to the estuary in an average of 45 d. Neither migration nor survival differed between diet treatments, but small sample size and the relatively short duration of this study limit the conclusiveness of our findings.","publisher":"USFWS Arcata Fisheries Technical Report","publisherLocation":"Arcata, CA","usgsCitation":"Juhnke, S., Wright, K., Hansel, H., and Hetrick, N., 2011, Effect of dietary salt on migration and survival of yearling steelhead produced at Iron Gate Hatchery, Klamath River, 2009, vi., 24 p. .","productDescription":"vi., 24 p. 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N.","contributorId":120966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hetrick","given":"N.","suffix":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":516723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70032669,"text":"70032669 - 2011 - The influence of fine-scale habitat features on regional variation in population performance of alpine White-tailed Ptarmigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:22","indexId":"70032669","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The influence of fine-scale habitat features on regional variation in population performance of alpine White-tailed Ptarmigan","docAbstract":"It is often assumed (explicitly or implicitly) that animals select habitat features to maximize fitness. However, there is often a mismatch between preferred habitats and indices of individual and population measures of performance. We examined the influence of fine-scale habitat selection on the overall population performance of the White-tailed Ptarmigan (Lagopus leucura), an alpine specialist, in two subdivided populations whose habitat patches are configured differently. The central region of Vancouver Island, Canada, has more continuous and larger habitat patches than the southern region. In 2003 and 2004, using paired logistic regression between used (n = 176) and available (n = 324) sites, we identified food availability, distance to standing water, and predator cover as preferred habitat components . We then quantified variation in population performance in the two regions in terms of sex ratio, age structure (n = 182 adults and yearlings), and reproductive success (n = 98 females) on the basis of 8 years of data (1995-1999, 2002-2004). Region strongly influenced females' breeding success, which, unsuccessful hens included, was consistently higher in the central region (n = 77 females) of the island than in the south (n = 21 females, P = 0.01). The central region also had a much higher proportion of successful hens (87%) than did the south (55%, P < 0.001). In light of our findings, we suggest that population performance is influenced by a combination of fine-scale habitat features and coarse-scale habitat configuration. ?? The Cooper Ornithological Society 2011.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Condor","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1525/cond.2011.100070","issn":"00105422","usgsCitation":"Fedy, B., and Martin, K., 2011, The influence of fine-scale habitat features on regional variation in population performance of alpine White-tailed Ptarmigan: Condor, v. 113, no. 2, p. 306-315, https://doi.org/10.1525/cond.2011.100070.","startPage":"306","endPage":"315","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475087,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1525/cond.2011.100070","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":213982,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1525/cond.2011.100070"},{"id":241660,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"113","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bad21e4b08c986b3239cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fedy, B.","contributorId":30461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fedy","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martin, K.","contributorId":82666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70032444,"text":"70032444 - 2011 - An open-water electrical geophysical tool for mapping sub-seafloor heavy placer minerals in 3D and migrating hydrocarbon plumes in 4D","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:20","indexId":"70032444","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"An open-water electrical geophysical tool for mapping sub-seafloor heavy placer minerals in 3D and migrating hydrocarbon plumes in 4D","docAbstract":"A towed-streamer technology has been developed for mapping placer heavy minerals and dispersed hydrocarbon plumes in the open ocean. The approach uses induced polarization (IP), an electrical measurement that encompasses several different surface-reactive capacitive and electrochemical phenomena, and thus is ideally suited for mapping dispersed or disseminated targets. The application is operated at sea by towing active electrical geophysical streamers behind a ship; a wide area can be covered in three dimensions by folding tow-paths over each other in lawn-mower fashion. This technology has already been proven in laboratory and ocean settings to detect IP-reactive titanium-and rare-earth (REE) minerals such as ilmenite and monazite. By extension, minerals that weather and accumulate/concentrate by a similar mechanism, including gold, platinum, and diamonds, may be rapidly detected and mapped indirectly even when dispersed and covered with thick, inert sediment. IP is also highly reactive to metal structures such as pipelines and cables. ?? 2011 MTS.","largerWorkTitle":"OCEANS'11 - MTS/IEEE Kona, Program Book","conferenceTitle":"MTS/IEEE Kona Conference, OCEANS'11","conferenceDate":"19 September 2011 through 22 September 2011","conferenceLocation":"Kona, HI","language":"English","isbn":"9781457714276","usgsCitation":"Wynn, J., Williamson, M., Urquhart, S., and Fleming, J., 2011, An open-water electrical geophysical tool for mapping sub-seafloor heavy placer minerals in 3D and migrating hydrocarbon plumes in 4D, <i>in</i> OCEANS'11 - MTS/IEEE Kona, Program Book, Kona, HI, 19 September 2011 through 22 September 2011.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241340,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eaa2e4b0c8380cd489a9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wynn, J.","contributorId":27227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wynn","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williamson, M.","contributorId":43181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williamson","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Urquhart, S.","contributorId":80497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Urquhart","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fleming, J.","contributorId":31973,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleming","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70032679,"text":"70032679 - 2011 - Expansion of urban area and wastewater irrigated rice area in Hyderabad, India","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:23","indexId":"70032679","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2111,"text":"Irrigation and Drainage Systems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Expansion of urban area and wastewater irrigated rice area in Hyderabad, India","docAbstract":"The goal of this study was to investigate land use changes in urban and peri-urban Hyderabad and their influence on wastewater irrigated rice using Landsat ETM + data and spectral matching techniques. The main source of irrigation water is the Musi River, which collects a large volume of wastewater and stormwater while running through the city. From 1989 to 2002, the wastewater irrigated area along the Musi River increased from 5,213 to 8,939 ha with concurrent expansion of the city boundaries from 22,690 to 42,813 ha and also decreased barren lands and range lands from 86,899 to 66,616 ha. Opportunistic shifts in land use, especially related to wastewater irrigated agriculture, were seen as a response to the demand for fresh vegetables and easy access to markets, exploited mainly by migrant populations. While wastewater irrigated agriculture contributes to income security of marginal groups, it also supplements the food basket of many city dwellers. Landsat ETM + data and advanced methods such as spectral matching techniques are ideal for quantifying urban expansion and associated land use changes, and are useful for urban planners and decision makers alike. ?? 2011 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Irrigation and Drainage Systems","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10795-011-9117-y","issn":"01686291","usgsCitation":"Gumma, K., van, R.D., Nelson, A., Thenkabail, P., Aakuraju, R.V., and Amerasinghe, P., 2011, Expansion of urban area and wastewater irrigated rice area in Hyderabad, India: Irrigation and Drainage Systems, v. 25, no. 3, p. 135-149, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10795-011-9117-y.","startPage":"135","endPage":"149","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241260,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213615,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10795-011-9117-y"}],"volume":"25","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-01-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0db7e4b0c8380cd53168","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gumma, K.M.","contributorId":6266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gumma","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"van, Rooijen D.","contributorId":46775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van","given":"Rooijen","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nelson, A.","contributorId":50343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thenkabail, P.S.","contributorId":66071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thenkabail","given":"P.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Aakuraju, Radha V.","contributorId":44359,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aakuraju","given":"Radha","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Amerasinghe, P.","contributorId":53609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amerasinghe","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70032674,"text":"70032674 - 2011 - NETPATH-WIN: an interactive user version of the mass-balance model, NETPATH","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-09T19:36:27","indexId":"70032674","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"NETPATH-WIN: an interactive user version of the mass-balance model, NETPATH","docAbstract":"NETPATH-WIN is an interactive user version of NETPATH, an inverse geochemical modeling code used to find mass-balance reaction models that are consistent with the observed chemical and isotopic composition of waters from aquatic systems. NETPATH-WIN was constructed to migrate NETPATH applications into the Microsoft WINDOWS® environment. The new version facilitates model utilization by eliminating difficulties in data preparation and results analysis of the DOS version of NETPATH, while preserving all of the capabilities of the original version. Through example applications, the note describes some of the features of NETPATH-WIN as applied to adjustment of radiocarbon data for geochemical reactions in groundwater systems.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00779.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"El-Kadi, A., Plummer, N., and Aggarwal, P., 2011, NETPATH-WIN: an interactive user version of the mass-balance model, NETPATH: Ground Water, v. 49, no. 4, p. 593-599, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00779.x.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"593","endPage":"599","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241733,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"49","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6141e4b0c8380cd71895","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"El-Kadi, A. I.","contributorId":103838,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"El-Kadi","given":"A. I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Plummer, Niel 0000-0002-4020-1013 nplummer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4020-1013","contributorId":190100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plummer","given":"Niel","email":"nplummer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":437396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Aggarwal, P.","contributorId":14650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aggarwal","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70032517,"text":"70032517 - 2011 - Polyphase Neoproterozoic orogenesis within the east Africa- Antarctica orogenic belt in central and northern Madagascar","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-28T16:53:38.282144","indexId":"70032517","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1785,"text":"Geological Society Special Publication","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Polyphase Neoproterozoic orogenesis within the east Africa- Antarctica orogenic belt in central and northern Madagascar","docAbstract":"Our recent geological survey of the basement of central and northern Madagascar allowed us to re-evaluate the evolution of this part of the East Africa-Antarctica Orogen (EAAO). Five crustal domains are recognized, characterized by distinctive lithologies and histories of sedimentation, magmatism, deformation and metamorphism, and separated by tectonic and/or unconformable contacts. Four consist largely of Archaean metamorphic rocks (Antongil, Masora and Antananarivo Cratons, Tsaratanana Complex). The fifth (Bemarivo Belt) comprises Proterozoic meta-igneous rocks. The older rocks were intruded by plutonic suites at c. 1000 Ma, 820-760 Ma, 630-595 Ma and 560-520 Ma. The evolution of the four Archaean domains and their boundaries remains contentious, with two end-member interpretations evaluated: (1) all five crustal domains are separate tectonic elements, juxtaposed along Neoproterozoic sutures and (2) the four Archaean domains are segments of an older Archaean craton, which was sutured against the Bemarivo Belt in the Neoproterozoic. Rodinia fragmented during the early Neoproterozoic with intracratonic rifts that sometimes developed into oceanic basins. Subsequent Mid- Neoproterozoic collision of smaller cratonic blocks was followed by renewed extension and magmatism. The global 'Terminal Pan-African' event (560-490 Ma) finally stitched together the Mid-Neoproterozoic cratons to form Gondwana. ?? The Geological Society of London 2011.","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of London","doi":"10.1144/SP357.4","usgsCitation":"Key, R.M., Pitfield, P., Thomas, R., Goodenough, K.M., Waele, D., Schofield, D.I., Bauer, W., Horstwood, M.S., Styles, M., Conrad, J., Encarnacion, J., Lidke, D., O’connor, E.A., Potter, C., Smith, R.A., Walsh, G., Ralison, A., Randriamananjara, T., Rafahatelo, J.M., and Rabarimanana, M., 2011, Polyphase Neoproterozoic orogenesis within the east Africa- Antarctica orogenic belt in central and northern Madagascar: Geological Society Special Publication, v. 357, no. 1, p. 49-68, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP357.4.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"49","endPage":"68","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475158,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/15741/1/Final_Revised_after_review.pdf","text":"External Repository"},{"id":241413,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Madagascar","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              43.247971115315096,\n              -21.68762169092814\n            ],\n            [\n              48.84886915180391,\n              -21.495288558174096\n            ],\n            [\n              51.00432731271141,\n              -14.806259229330564\n            ],\n            [\n              49.275459771255186,\n              -11.837738795469193\n            ],\n            [\n              47.20669491378803,\n              -14.037775357080235\n            ],\n            [\n              44.040399419359574,\n              -16.316885812893233\n            ],\n            [\n              43.6837192195695,\n              -18.784306119836288\n            ],\n            [\n              44.32340753049098,\n              -19.527531650411532\n            ],\n            [\n              43.247971115315096,\n              -21.68762169092814\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"357","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-10-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7d09e4b0c8380cd79cf9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Key, R. M.","contributorId":20991,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Key","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pitfield, P. E. J.","contributorId":16663,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pitfield","given":"P. E. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thomas, Ronald J.","contributorId":25371,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thomas","given":"Ronald J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Goodenough, K. 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A.","contributorId":68971,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Horstwood","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"S. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Styles, M.T.","contributorId":7507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Styles","given":"M.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Conrad, J. 0000-0001-6655-694X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6655-694X","contributorId":73828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conrad","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Encarnacion, J.","contributorId":106323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Encarnacion","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Lidke, D. 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J. 0000-0003-4264-8836","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4264-8836","contributorId":47409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walsh","given":"G. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Ralison, A.V.","contributorId":77368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ralison","given":"A.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Randriamananjara, T.","contributorId":78948,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Randriamananjara","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Rafahatelo, J. M.","contributorId":18984,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rafahatelo","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Rabarimanana, M.","contributorId":47179,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rabarimanana","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20}]}}
,{"id":70159146,"text":"70159146 - 2011 - Chapter 39 The Edwardsburg Formation and related rocks, Windermere Supergroup, central Idaho, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-15T16:34:22","indexId":"70159146","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2711,"text":"Memoir of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chapter 39 The Edwardsburg Formation and related rocks, Windermere Supergroup, central Idaho, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>In central Idaho, Neoproterozoic stratified rocks are engulfed by the Late Cretaceous Idaho batholith and by Eocene volcanic and plutonic rocks of the Challis event. Studied sections in the Gospel Peaks and Big Creek areas of west-central Idaho are in roof pendants of the Idaho batholith. A drill core section studied from near Challis, east-central Idaho, lies beneath the Challis Volcanic Group and is not exposed at the surface. Metamorphic and deformational overprinting, as well as widespread dismembering by the younger igneous rocks, conceals many primary details. Despite this, these rocks provide important links for regional correlations and have produced critical geochronological data for two Neoproterozoic glacial periods in the North American Cordillera. At the base of the section, the more than 700-m-thick Edwardsburg Formation (Fm.) contains interlayered diamictite and volcanic rocks. There are two diamictite-bearing members in the Edwardsburg Fm. that are closely related in time. Each of the diamictites is associated with intermediate composition tuff or flow rocks and the diamictites are separated by mafic volcanic rocks. SHRIMP U&ndash;Pb dating indicates that the lower diamictite is about 685&plusmn;7 Ma, whereas the upper diamictite is 684&plusmn;4 Ma. The diamictite units are part of a cycle of rocks from coarse clastic, to fine clastic, to carbonate rocks that, by correlation to better preserved sections, are thought to record an older Cryogenian glacial to interglacial period in the northern US Cordillera. The more than 75-m-thick diamictite of Daugherty Gulch is dated at 664&plusmn;6 Ma. This unit is preserved only in drill core and the palaeoenvironmental interpretation and local stratigraphic relations are non-unique. Thus, the date for this diamictite may provide a date for a newly recognized glaciogenic horizon or may be a minimum age for the diamictite in the Edwardsburg Fm. The c. 1000-m-thick Moores Lake Fm. is an amphibolite facies diamictite in which glacial features have not been observed. However, it is part of a sedimentary cycle from unsorted siliclastic deposits to mud and carbonate deposits. Using lithostratigraphy and available geochronology, the Moores Lake Fm. is correlated with a younger succession of Cryogenian glaciogenic rocks in southeastern Idaho. Traditional correlations of Neoproterozoic rocks in the Cordillera recognize two levels of Cryogenian diamictites. The Edwardsburg and Moores Lake diamictites along the middle Cordillera fit well into the scenario of two glacial events. Because of the correlations, dates that provide ages for the diamictites in central Idaho (and corroborated in southeastern Idaho, Link &amp; Fanning 2008) could constrain the age of correlated glaciogenic deposits elsewhere in the Cordillera. However, in the absence of dates for the glaciogenic diamictites in Canadian and southern US Cordilleran sections, the correlations are considered possible but uncertain.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Geological Society","usgsCitation":"Lund, K., Evans, K.V., and Alienikoff, J.N., 2011, Chapter 39 The Edwardsburg Formation and related rocks, Windermere Supergroup, central Idaho, USA: Memoir of the Geological Society of America, v. 36, p. 437-448.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"437","endPage":"448","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":309968,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Central Idaho","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.98242187499999,\n              46.17983040759436\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.43359375,\n              46.10370875598026\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.8955078125,\n              44.402391829093915\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.02734374999999,\n              44.02442151965934\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.04833984375001,\n              43.78695837311561\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.96044921875,\n              44.18220395771566\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.20214843749999,\n              44.37098696297173\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.00439453125,\n              44.77793589631623\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.806640625,\n              45.24395342262324\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.78466796875,\n              45.521743896993634\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.04833984375001,\n              46.08847179577592\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.98242187499999,\n              46.17983040759436\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"36","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5620ce57e4b06217fc478acd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lund, Karen 0000-0002-4249-3582 klund@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4249-3582","contributorId":1235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lund","given":"Karen","email":"klund@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":577699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Evans, Karl V. kvevans@usgs.gov","contributorId":194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"Karl","email":"kvevans@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":577700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Alienikoff, John N.","contributorId":85078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alienikoff","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70036136,"text":"70036136 - 2011 - Occurrence of azoxystrobin, propiconazole, and selected other fungicides in US streams, 2005-2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-27T14:37:02.235544","indexId":"70036136","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3728,"text":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","onlineIssn":"1573-2932","printIssn":"0049-6979","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Occurrence of azoxystrobin, propiconazole, and selected other fungicides in US streams, 2005-2006","docAbstract":"Fungicides are used to prevent foliar diseases on a wide range of vegetable, field, fruit, and ornamental crops. They are generally more effective as protective rather than curative treatments, and hence tend to be applied before infections take place. Less than 1% of US soybeans were treated with a fungicide in 2002 but by 2006, 4% were treated. Like other pesticides, fungicides can move-off of fields after application and subsequently contaminate surface water, groundwater, and associated sediments. Due to the constant pressure from fungal diseases such as the recent Asian soybean rust outbreak, and the always-present desire to increase crop yields, there is the potential for a significant increase in the amount of fungicides used on US farms. Increased fungicide use could lead to increased environmental concentrations of these compounds. This study documents the occurrence of fungicides in select US streams soon after the first documentation of soybean rust in the US and prior to the corresponding increase in fungicide use to treat this problem. Water samples were collected from 29 streams in 13 states in 2005 and/or 2006, and analyzed for 12 target fungicides. Nine of the 12 fungicides were detected in at least one stream sample and at least one fungicide was detected in 20 of 29 streams. At least one fungicide was detected in 56% of the 103 samples, as many as five fungicides were detected in an individual sample, and mixtures of fungicides were common. Azoxystrobin was detected most frequently (45% of 103 samples) followed by metalaxyl (27%), propiconazole (17%), myclobutanil (9%), and tebuconazole (6%). Fungicide detections ranged from 0.002 to 1.15 &mu;/L. There was indication of a seasonal pattern to fungicide occurrence, with detections more common and concentrations higher in late summer and early fall than in spring. At a few sites, fungicides were detected in all samples collected suggesting the potential for season-long occurrence in some streams. Fungicide occurrence appears to be related to fungicide use in the associated drainage basins; however, current use information is generally lacking and more detailed occurrence data are needed to accurately quantify such a relation. Maximum concentrations of fungicides were typically one or more orders of magnitude less than current toxicity estimates for freshwater aquatic organisms or humans; however, gaps in current toxicological understandings of the effects of fungicides in the environment limit these interpretations.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11270-010-0643-2","issn":"00496979","usgsCitation":"Battaglin, W.A., Sandstrom, M.W., Kuivila, K., Kolpin, D.W., and Meyer, M.T., 2011, Occurrence of azoxystrobin, propiconazole, and selected other fungicides in US streams, 2005-2006: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, v. 218, no. 1-4, p. 307-322, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-010-0643-2.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"307","endPage":"322","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246331,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"218","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-10-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6bd3e4b0c8380cd748ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Battaglin, William A. 0000-0001-7287-7096 wbattagl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7287-7096","contributorId":1527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Battaglin","given":"William","email":"wbattagl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":454401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sandstrom, Mark W. 0000-0003-0006-5675 sandstro@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0006-5675","contributorId":706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandstrom","given":"Mark","email":"sandstro@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5046,"text":"Branch of Analytical Serv (NWQL)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":454397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kuivila, Kathryn  0000-0001-7940-489X kkuivila@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7940-489X","contributorId":1367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuivila","given":"Kathryn ","email":"kkuivila@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":454400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kolpin, Dana W. 0000-0002-3529-6505 dwkolpin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3529-6505","contributorId":1239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolpin","given":"Dana","email":"dwkolpin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":454399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Meyer, Michael T. 0000-0001-6006-7985 mmeyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6006-7985","contributorId":866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"Michael","email":"mmeyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":454398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70036153,"text":"70036153 - 2011 - Summer nitrate uptake and denitrification in an upper Mississippi River backwater lake: The role of rooted aquatic vegetation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-26T20:38:04.983287","indexId":"70036153","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1007,"text":"Biogeochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Summer nitrate uptake and denitrification in an upper Mississippi River backwater lake: The role of rooted aquatic vegetation","docAbstract":"<p><span>In-stream nitrogen processing in the Mississippi River has been suggested as one mechanism to reduce coastal eutrophication in the Gulf of Mexico. Aquatic macrophytes in river channels and flood plain lakes have the potential to temporarily remove large quantities of nitrogen through assimilation both by themselves and by the attached epiphyton. In addition, rooted macrophytes act as oxygen pumps, creating aerobic microsites around their roots where coupled nitrification–denitrification can occur. We used in situ&nbsp;</span><sup>15</sup><span>N–NO</span><sub>3</sub><span>&nbsp;</span><sup>−</sup><span>&nbsp;tracer mesocosm experiments to measure nitrate assimilation rates for macrophytes, epiphyton, and microbial fauna in the sediment in Third Lake, a backwater lake of the upper Mississippi River during June and July 2005. We measured assimilation over a range of nitrate concentrations and estimated a nitrate mass balance for Third Lake. Macrophytes assimilated the most nitrate (29.5&nbsp;mg&nbsp;N&nbsp;m</span><sup>−2</sup><span>&nbsp;d</span><sup>−1</sup><span>) followed by sediment microbes (14.4&nbsp;mg&nbsp;N&nbsp;m</span><sup>−2</sup><span>&nbsp;d</span><sup>−1</sup><span>) and epiphytes (5.7&nbsp;mg&nbsp;N&nbsp;m</span><sup>−2</sup><span>&nbsp;d</span><sup>−1</sup><span>)</span><sub>.</sub><span>&nbsp;Assimilation accounted for 6.8% in June and 18.6% in July of total nitrate loss in the control chambers. However, denitrification (292.4&nbsp;mg&nbsp;N&nbsp;m</span><sup>−2</sup><span>&nbsp;d</span><sup>−1</sup><span>) is estimated to account for the majority (82%) of the nitrate loss. Assimilation and denitrification rates generally increased with increasing nitrate concentration but denitrification rates plateaued at about 5&nbsp;mg&nbsp;N&nbsp;L</span><sup>−1</sup><span>. This suggests that backwaters have the potential to remove a relatively high amount of nitrate but will likely become saturated if the load becomes too large.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Link","doi":"10.1007/s10533-010-9503-9","issn":"01682563","usgsCitation":"Kreiling, R., Richardson, W.B., Cavanaugh, J., and Bartsch, L., 2011, Summer nitrate uptake and denitrification in an upper Mississippi River backwater lake: The role of rooted aquatic vegetation: Biogeochemistry, v. 104, no. 1-3, p. 309-324, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-010-9503-9.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"309","endPage":"324","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246594,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218571,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10533-010-9503-9"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa, Illinois, Missouri, Minnesota, Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Upper Mississippi River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -95.60302734375,\n              47.08508535995386\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.52636718749999,\n              46.6795944656402\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.02099609375,\n              45.213003555993964\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.94433593749999,\n              44.62175409623324\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.77978515625,\n              44.02442151965934\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.51611328125,\n              43.13306116240612\n 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    ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"104","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9f40e4b08c986b31e440","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kreiling, Rebecca 0000-0002-9295-4156 rkreiling@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9295-4156","contributorId":147679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kreiling","given":"Rebecca","email":"rkreiling@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":454471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Richardson, William B. 0000-0002-7471-4394 wrichardson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7471-4394","contributorId":3277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richardson","given":"William","email":"wrichardson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":454469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cavanaugh, J.C.","contributorId":25269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cavanaugh","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bartsch, Lynn 0000-0002-1483-4845 lbartsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1483-4845","contributorId":3342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartsch","given":"Lynn","email":"lbartsch@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":454468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70033926,"text":"70033926 - 2011 - An isotopic approach to measuring nitrogen balance in caribou","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-04T10:09:41","indexId":"70033926","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An isotopic approach to measuring nitrogen balance in caribou","docAbstract":"<p><span>Nutritional restrictions in winter may reduce the availability of protein for reproduction and survival in northern ungulates. We refined a technique that uses recently voided excreta on snow to assess protein status in wild caribou (</span><i>Rangifer tarandus</i><span>) in late winter. Our study was the first application of this non‐invasive, isotopic approach to assess protein status of wild caribou by determining dietary and endogenous contributions of nitrogen (N) to urinary urea. We used isotopic ratios of N (δ</span><sup>15</sup><span>N) in urine and fecal samples to estimate the proportion of urea N derived from body N (</span><i>p</i><span>‐UN) in pregnant, adult females of the Chisana Herd, a small population that ranged across the Alaska‐Yukon border. We took advantage of a predator‐exclosure project to examine N status of penned caribou in April 2006. Lichens were the primary forage (&gt;40%) consumed by caribou in the pen and δ</span><sup>15</sup><span>N of fiber tracked the major forages in their diets. The δ</span><sup>15</sup><span>N of urinary urea for females in the pen was depleted relative (−1.3 ± 1.0 parts per thousand [‰], ${\\bar {x}}\\pm {\\rm SD}$</span><img class=\"section_image\" src=\"https://wol-prod-cdn.literatumonline.com/cms/attachment/d5d1dd94-19f5-40b1-a46e-e9f89649c2d4/tex2gif-ueqn-1.gif\" alt=\"equation image\" data-mce-src=\"https://wol-prod-cdn.literatumonline.com/cms/attachment/d5d1dd94-19f5-40b1-a46e-e9f89649c2d4/tex2gif-ueqn-1.gif\"><span>) to the δ</span><sup>15</sup><span>N of body N (2.7 ± 0.7‰). A similar proportion of animals in the exclosure lost core body mass (excluding estimates of fetal and uterine tissues; 55%) and body protein (estimated by isotope ratios; 54%). This non‐invasive technique could be applied at various spatial and temporal scales to assess trends in protein status of free‐ranging populations of northern ungulates. Intra‐ and inter‐annual estimates of protein status could help managers monitor effects of foraging conditions on nutritional constraints in ungulates, increase the efficiency and efficacy of management actions, and help prepare stakeholders for potential changes in population trends.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.11","usgsCitation":"Gustine, D.D., Barboza, P.S., Adams, L., Farnell, R.G., and Parker, K.L., 2011, An isotopic approach to measuring nitrogen balance in caribou: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 75, no. 1, p. 178-188, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.11.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"178","endPage":"188","ipdsId":"IP-015292","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241973,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"75","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea94e4b0c8380cd4895f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gustine, David D. dgustine@usgs.gov","contributorId":3776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gustine","given":"David","email":"dgustine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":443212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barboza, Perry S.","contributorId":36454,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barboza","given":"Perry","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":13117,"text":"Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":443210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Adams, Layne G. 0000-0001-6212-2896 ladams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6212-2896","contributorId":2776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Layne G.","email":"ladams@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":443213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Farnell, Richard G.","contributorId":56870,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Farnell","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Parker, Katherine L.","contributorId":203784,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parker","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70192219,"text":"70192219 - 2011 - Coulomb stress analysis of the 21 February 2008 Mw= 6.0 Wells, Nevada, earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-30T10:26:56","indexId":"70192219","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":125,"text":"Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology Special Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"36","displayTitle":"Coulomb stress analysis of the 21 February 2008 M<sub>w</sub>= 6.0 Wells, Nevada, earthquake","title":"Coulomb stress analysis of the 21 February 2008 Mw= 6.0 Wells, Nevada, earthquake","docAbstract":"<p>Static Coulomb stress changes imparted by the February 21, 2008 Wells, Nevada earthquake are calculated, using an 8 x 6 km rectangular patch with a uniform slip as a source fault. Stress changes are resolved on nearby active faults using their rake, dip, and strike direction, assuming a fault friction of 0.4. The largest Coulomb stress increase (0.2 bars) imparted to surrounding major active faults from the Wells earthquake occurs on the Clover Hill fault, which may be the southern continuation of the ruptured fault. A 0.1 bar Coulomb stress increase is calculated on the western Snake Mountains fault. Coulomb stress decreases of 0.5 bars are calculated for the northern parts of the Independence and Ruby Mountains faults. The Coulomb stress change is calculated on relocated aftershocks assuming that they have the same strike, dip, and rake, as the source fault. Under this assumption, 75% of the aftershocks received a Coulomb stress increase.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology","usgsCitation":"Sevilgen, V., 2011, Coulomb stress analysis of the 21 February 2008 Mw= 6.0 Wells, Nevada, earthquake: Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology Special Publication 36, 8 p.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"197","endPage":"204","ipdsId":"IP-012017","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349558,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a6107fee4b06e28e9c25644","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sevilgen, Volkan vsevilgen@usgs.gov","contributorId":3254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sevilgen","given":"Volkan","email":"vsevilgen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":714841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70034647,"text":"70034647 - 2011 - Growth rates of rainbow smelt in Lake Champlain: Effects of density and diet","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-14T16:48:35.176951","indexId":"70034647","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1471,"text":"Ecology of Freshwater Fish","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Growth rates of rainbow smelt in Lake Champlain: Effects of density and diet","docAbstract":"<p><span>We estimated the densities of rainbow smelt (</span><i>Osmerus mordax</i><span>) using hydroacoustics and obtained specimens for diet analysis and groundtruthed acoustics data from mid‐water trawl sampling in four areas of Lake Champlain, USA–Canada. Densities of rainbow smelt cohorts alternated during the 2‐year study; age‐0 rainbow smelt were very abundant in 2001 (up to 6 fish per m</span><sup>2</sup><span>) and age‐1 and older were abundant (up to 1.2 fish per m</span><sup>2</sup><span>) in 2002. Growth rates and densities varied among areas and years. We used model selection on eight area–year‐specific variables to investigate biologically plausible predictors of rainbow smelt growth rates. The best supported model of growth rates of age‐0 smelt indicated a negative relationship with age‐0 density, likely associated with intraspecific competition for zooplankton. The next best‐fit model had age‐1 density as a predictor of age‐0 growth. The best supported models (</span><i>N </i><span>= 4) of growth rates of age‐1 fish indicated a positive relationship with availability of age‐0 smelt and resulting levels of cannibalism. Other plausible models were contained variants of these parameters. Cannibalistic rainbow smelt consumed younger conspecifics that were up to 53% of their length. Prediction of population dynamics for rainbow smelt requires an understanding of the relationship between density and growth as age‐0 fish outgrow their main predators (adult smelt) by autumn in years with fast growth rates, but not in years with slow growth rates.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0633.2010.00472.x","issn":"09066691","usgsCitation":"Stritzel, T.J., Parrish, D., Parker-Stetter, S.L., Rudstam, L.G., and Sullivan, P., 2011, Growth rates of rainbow smelt in Lake Champlain: Effects of density and diet: Ecology of Freshwater Fish, v. 20, no. 4, p. 503-512, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0633.2010.00472.x.","productDescription":"10p.","startPage":"503","endPage":"512","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243758,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215922,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0633.2010.00472.x"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York, Vermont","otherGeospatial":"Lake Champlain","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -73.8446044921875,\n              43.401056495052906\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.94921875,\n              43.401056495052906\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.94921875,\n              45.34056313889858\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.8446044921875,\n              45.34056313889858\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.8446044921875,\n              43.401056495052906\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"20","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-11-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2e06e4b0c8380cd5c233","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stritzel, Thomson J.L.","contributorId":30024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stritzel","given":"Thomson","email":"","middleInitial":"J.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Parrish, D.L.","contributorId":15144,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parrish","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parker-Stetter, S. L.","contributorId":98136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker-Stetter","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rudstam, L. G.","contributorId":24720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rudstam","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sullivan, P.J.","contributorId":38762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70034597,"text":"70034597 - 2011 - Contain or eradicate? Optimizing the management goal for Australian acacia invasions in the face of uncertainty","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-16T16:05:36.421892","indexId":"70034597","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1399,"text":"Diversity and Distributions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contain or eradicate? Optimizing the management goal for Australian acacia invasions in the face of uncertainty","docAbstract":"<p><strong>Aim<span>&nbsp;</span></strong>To identify whether eradication or containment is expected to be the most cost‐effective management goal for an isolated invasive population when knowledge about the current extent is uncertain.</p><p><strong>Location<span>&nbsp;</span></strong>Global and South Africa.</p><p><strong>Methods<span>&nbsp;</span></strong>We developed a decision analysis framework to analyse the best management goal for an invasive species population (eradication, containment or take no action) when knowledge about the current extent is uncertain. We used value of information analysis to identify when investment in learning about the extent will improve this decision‐making and tested the sensitivity of the conclusions to different parameters (e.g. spread rate, maximum extent, and management efficacy and cost). The model was applied to<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Acacia paradoxa</i><span>&nbsp;</span>DC, an Australian shrub with an estimated invasive extent of 310 ha on Table Mountain, South Africa.</p><p><strong>Results<span>&nbsp;</span></strong>Under the parameters used, attempting eradication is cost‐effective for infestations of up to 777 ha. However, if the invasion extent is poorly known, then attempting eradication is only cost‐effective for infestations estimated as 296 ha or smaller. The value of learning is greatest (maximum of 8% saving) when infestation extent is poorly known and if it is close to the maximum extent for which attempting eradication is optimal. The optimal management action is most sensitive to the probability that the action succeeds (which depends on the extent), with the discount rate and cost of management also important, but spread rate less so. Over a 20‐year time‐horizon, attempting to eradicate<span>&nbsp;</span><i>A.&nbsp;paradoxa</i><span>&nbsp;</span>from South Africa is predicted to cost on average ZAR 8 million if the extent is known, and if our current estimate is poor, ZAR 33.6 million as opposed to ZAR 32.8 million for attempting containment.</p><p><strong>Main conclusions<span>&nbsp;</span></strong>Our framework evaluates the cost‐effectiveness of attempting eradication or containment of an invasive population that takes uncertainty in population extent into account. We show that incorporating uncertainty in the analysis avoids overly optimistic beliefs about the effectiveness of management enabling better management decisions. For<span>&nbsp;</span><i>A.&nbsp;paradoxa</i><span>&nbsp;</span>in South Africa, attempting to eradicate is likely to be cost‐effective, particularly if resources are allocated to better understand and improve management efficacy</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1472-4642.2011.00809.x","issn":"13669516","usgsCitation":"Moore, J., Runge, M., Webber, B., and Wilson, J., 2011, Contain or eradicate? Optimizing the management goal for Australian acacia invasions in the face of uncertainty: Diversity and Distributions, v. 17, no. 5, p. 1047-1059, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-4642.2011.00809.x.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1047","endPage":"1059","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":497367,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://admin.research-repository.uwa.edu.au/en/publications/4fe604be-1ef9-4ef6-873a-54379d1bd326","text":"External Repository"},{"id":243477,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215658,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-4642.2011.00809.x"}],"volume":"17","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fa2ce4b0c8380cd4d983","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, J.L.","contributorId":29100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Runge, M.C. 0000-0002-8081-536X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-536X","contributorId":49312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runge","given":"M.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Webber, B.L.","contributorId":80107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webber","given":"B.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wilson, J.R.U.","contributorId":50748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"J.R.U.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70156368,"text":"70156368 - 2011 - A synthesis: Informing collaborative conservation and management of Colorado Plateau resources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-22T15:00:44.464824","indexId":"70156368","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"17","title":"A synthesis: Informing collaborative conservation and management of Colorado Plateau resources","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Colorado Plateau V: Research, environmental planning, and management for collaborative conservation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"University of Arizona Press","publisherLocation":"Tucson, AR","usgsCitation":"Villarreal, M.L., van Riper, C., van Riper, C.J., Johnson, M.J., and Selleck, S.S., 2011, A synthesis: Informing collaborative conservation and management of Colorado Plateau resources, chap. 17 <i>of</i> The Colorado Plateau V: Research, environmental planning, and management for collaborative conservation, p. 317-327.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"317","endPage":"327","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-036749","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307010,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57fe7fede4b0824b2d1479ff","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Villarreal, Miguel L. 0000-0003-0720-1422 mvillarreal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0720-1422","contributorId":1424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Villarreal","given":"Miguel","email":"mvillarreal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":568910,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Matthew J. mjjohnson@usgs.gov","contributorId":3604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Matthew","email":"mjjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":27989,"text":"Colorado Plateau Research Station, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568911,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"van Riper, Charles III 0000-0003-1084-5843 charles_van_riper@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1084-5843","contributorId":169488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Riper","given":"Charles","suffix":"III","email":"charles_van_riper@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":568912,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Villarreal, Miguel L. 0000-0003-0720-1422 mvillarreal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0720-1422","contributorId":1424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Villarreal","given":"Miguel","email":"mvillarreal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":568905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"van Riper, Charles III 0000-0003-1084-5843 charles_van_riper@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1084-5843","contributorId":169488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Riper","given":"Charles","suffix":"III","email":"charles_van_riper@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":568906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"van Riper, Carena J.","contributorId":42827,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"van Riper","given":"Carena","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6747,"text":"Texas A&M University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, Matthew J. mjjohnson@usgs.gov","contributorId":3604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Matthew","email":"mjjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":27989,"text":"Colorado Plateau Research Station, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Selleck, S. Shane sselleck@usgs.gov","contributorId":123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Selleck","given":"S.","email":"sselleck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Shane","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":568909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70034052,"text":"70034052 - 2011 - Evidence for mechanical and chemical alteration of iron-nickel meteorites on Mars: Process insights for Meridiani Planum","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-14T16:56:09","indexId":"70034052","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence for mechanical and chemical alteration of iron-nickel meteorites on Mars: Process insights for Meridiani Planum","docAbstract":"<p>The weathering of meteorites found on Mars involves chemical and physical processes that can provide clues to climate conditions at the location of their discovery. Beginning on sol 1961, the Opportunity rover encountered three large iron meteorites within a few hundred meters of each other. In order of discovery, these rocks have been assigned the unofficial names Block Island, Shelter Island, and Mackinac Island. Each rock presents a unique but complimentary set of features that increase our understanding of weathering processes at Meridiani Planum. Significant morphologic characteristics interpretable as weathering features include (1) a large pit in Block Island, lined with delicate iron protrusions suggestive of inclusion removal by corrosive interaction; (2) differentially eroded kamacite and taenite lamellae in Block Island and Shelter Island, providing relative timing through crosscutting relationships with deposition of (3) an iron oxide-rich dark coating; (4) regmaglypted surfaces testifying to regions of minimal surface modification, with other regions in the same meteorites exhibiting (5) large-scale, cavernous weathering (in Shelter Island and Mackinac Island). We conclude that the current size of the rocks is approximate to their original postfall contours. Their morphology thus likely results from a combination of atmospheric interaction and postfall weathering effects. Among our specific findings is evidence supporting (1) at least one possible episode of aqueous acidic exposure for Block Island; (2) ripple migration over portions of the meteorites; (3) a minimum of two separate episodes of wind abrasion; alternating with (4) at least one episode of coating-forming chemical alteration, most likely at subzero temperatures.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2010JE003672","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Ashley, J.W., Golombek, M., Christensen, P.R., Squyres, S.W., McCoy, T., Schroder, C., Fleischer, I., Johnson, J.R., Herkenhoff, K.E., and Parker, T.J., 2011, Evidence for mechanical and chemical alteration of iron-nickel meteorites on Mars: Process insights for Meridiani Planum: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 116, no. E7, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JE003672.","productDescription":"22 p.","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475187,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2010je003672","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":244480,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","volume":"116","issue":"E7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-04-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d49e4b0c8380cd52f14","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ashley, James W.","contributorId":102523,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ashley","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Golombek, M.P.","contributorId":52696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Golombek","given":"M.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Christensen, P. R.","contributorId":7819,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Christensen","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Squyres, S. W.","contributorId":31836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Squyres","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McCoy, T.J.","contributorId":84883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCoy","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schroder, C.","contributorId":67201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schroder","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fleischer, I.","contributorId":70096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleischer","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Johnson, J. R.","contributorId":69278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Herkenhoff, Kenneth E. 0000-0002-3153-6663 kherkenhoff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3153-6663","contributorId":2275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herkenhoff","given":"Kenneth","email":"kherkenhoff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":443827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Parker, T. J.","contributorId":30776,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parker","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70033884,"text":"70033884 - 2011 - Calibration of models using groundwater age","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-28T17:06:03","indexId":"70033884","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Calibration of models using groundwater age","docAbstract":"There have been substantial efforts recently by geochemists to determine the age of groundwater (time since water entered the system) and its uncertainty, and by hydrologists to use these data to help calibrate groundwater models. This essay discusses the calibration of models using groundwater age, with conclusions that emphasize what is practical given current limitations rather than theoretical possibilities.","language":"English, French","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10040-010-0637-6","issn":"14312174","usgsCitation":"Sanford, W.E., 2011, Calibration of models using groundwater age: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 19, no. 1, p. 13-16, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-010-0637-6.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"13","endPage":"16","costCenters":[{"id":434,"text":"National Research Program","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241811,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-09-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f316e4b0c8380cd4b5c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sanford, Ward E. 0000-0002-6624-0280 wsanford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6624-0280","contributorId":2268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanford","given":"Ward","email":"wsanford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":780677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70034025,"text":"70034025 - 2011 - Nitrogen in Chinese coals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:44","indexId":"70034025","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1233,"text":"Chinese Journal of Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nitrogen in Chinese coals","docAbstract":"Three hundred and six coal samples were taken from main coal mines of twenty-six provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities in China, according to the resource distribution and coal-forming periods as well as the coal ranks and coal yields. Nitrogen was determined by using the Kjeldahl method at U. S. Geological Survey (USGS), which exhibit a normal frequency distribution. The nitrogen contents of over 90% Chinese coal vary from 0.52% to 1.41% and the average nitrogen content is recommended to be 0.98%. Nitrogen in coal exists primarily in organic form. There is a slight positive relationship between nitrogen content and coal ranking. ?? 2011 Science Press, Institute of Geochemistry, CAS and Springer Berlin Heidelberg.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chinese Journal of Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s11631-011-0506-6","issn":"10009426","usgsCitation":"Wu, D., Lei, J., Zheng, B., Tang, X., Wang, M., Hu, J., Li, S., Wang, B., and Finkelman, R.B., 2011, Nitrogen in Chinese coals: Chinese Journal of Geochemistry, v. 30, no. 2, p. 248-254, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11631-011-0506-6.","startPage":"248","endPage":"254","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216748,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11631-011-0506-6"},{"id":244634,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a66dce4b0c8380cd7302c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wu, D.","contributorId":57215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wu","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lei, J.","contributorId":14667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lei","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zheng, B.","contributorId":51489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zheng","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tang, X.","contributorId":43082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tang","given":"X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wang, M.","contributorId":98810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hu, Jiawen","contributorId":41630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hu","given":"Jiawen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Li, S.","contributorId":41969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wang, B.","contributorId":29011,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Finkelman, R. B.","contributorId":20341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finkelman","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70192590,"text":"70192590 - 2011 - Paleocene coal deposits of the Wilcox Group, Northeast Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-22T16:09:19.084891","indexId":"70192590","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5382,"text":"AAPG Studies in Geology","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":24}},"chapter":"7","title":"Paleocene coal deposits of the Wilcox Group, Northeast Texas","docAbstract":"<p>The surface exposure of the Paleocene Wilcox Group in northeast Texas varies in width from 9 to 27 mi along an arcuate outcrop that extends southwest approximately 156 mi from the Texas-Arkansas State line to 32° latitude. Parts of Bowie, Camp, Cass, Franklin, Henderson, Hopkins, Morris, Navarro, Rains, Titus, Van Zandt, and Wood Counties are included in this outcrop belt (Figure 1). This area forms the northwestern flank of the East Texas Basin (Figure 2), the axis of which separates northeast Texas from the Sabine uplift structural area. The Wilcox Group dips south and southeast at 2° or less toward the axis of the East Texas Basin, with the exception of local salt-dome structures and a transcurrent structural high that extends from Monticello to Martin Lake (Figure 1).</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geologic assessment of coal in the Gulf of Mexico coastal plain","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","usgsCitation":"Hook, R.W., Warwick, P.D., SanFilipo, J., Nichols, D.J., and Swanson, S.M., 2011, Paleocene coal deposits of the Wilcox Group, Northeast Texas, chap. 7 <i>of</i> Geologic assessment of coal in the Gulf of Mexico coastal plain: AAPG Studies in Geology, v. 62, p. 128-141.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"128","endPage":"141","ipdsId":"IP-020034","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science 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K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726438,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Merrill, Matthew D. 0000-0003-3766-847X mmerrill@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3766-847X","contributorId":2584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merrill","given":"Matthew D.","email":"mmerrill@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":726439,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Valentine, Brett J. 0000-0002-8678-2431 bvalentine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8678-2431","contributorId":3846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valentine","given":"Brett","email":"bvalentine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources 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jsan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8739-5628","contributorId":2385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"SanFilipo","given":"John R.","email":"jsan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":716445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nichols, Douglas J.","contributorId":87184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Swanson, Sharon M. 0000-0002-4235-1736 smswanson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4235-1736","contributorId":590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Sharon","email":"smswanson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science 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,{"id":70036900,"text":"70036900 - 2011 - New information on the braincase of the North American therizinosaurian (Theropoda, Maniraptora) <i>Falcarius utahensis</i>","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-21T17:44:20","indexId":"70036900","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2491,"text":"Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New information on the braincase of the North American therizinosaurian (Theropoda, Maniraptora) <i>Falcarius utahensis</i>","docAbstract":"<p><span>Many disarticulated bones from multiple individuals of a primitive therizinosaurian, referred to&nbsp;</span><i>Falcarius utahensis</i><span>, were found in the paucispecific Crystal Geyser bonebed in the Lower Cretaceous Cedar Mountain Formation of eastern Utah. To date, more than 2000 specimens from this species have been excavated. Included in this collection are two partial braincases, one of which is designated the holotype. Here we describe the braincase morphology of</span><i>Falcarius utahensis</i><span>. These specimens help establish the primitive cranial condition for the Therizinosauria and further substantiate intraspecific and contralateral braincase pneumatic variation in theropods. When combined with new observations on the cranial remains of the therizinosaurid&nbsp;</span><i>Nothronychus mckinleyi</i><span>&nbsp;derived from computed tomographic (CT) scans, the braincase morphology of&nbsp;</span><i>Falcarius</i><span>&nbsp;clarifies several evolutionary trends within the Therizinosauria and establishes a suite of synapomorphies for the Therizinosauridae. Trends within the clade include increased basicranial pneumatization (the development of a basisphenoid bulla and loss of external subcondylar recesses), anterior deflection of the supraoccipital, and the reduction of points of origin of the craniocervical musculature, associated with the loss of discrete basipterygoid processes, probably due to incorporation of these structures into the expanded hyperpneumatic bone. Finally, CT scans reveal a complete, nearly avian, inner ear with bird-like semicircular canals and a long cochlea indicating broad frequency discrimination.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"University of Oklahoma","doi":"10.1080/02724634.2011.549442","issn":"02724634","usgsCitation":"Smith, D., Zanno, L.E., Sanders, R.K., Deblieux, D.D., and Kirkland, J.I., 2011, New information on the braincase of the North American therizinosaurian (Theropoda, Maniraptora) <i>Falcarius utahensis</i>: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 31, no. 2, p. 387-404, https://doi.org/10.1080/02724634.2011.549442.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"387","endPage":"404","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245834,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -110.028076171875,\n              38.013476231041935\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.028076171875,\n              39.07464374293249\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.16015624999999,\n              39.07464374293249\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.16015624999999,\n              38.013476231041935\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.028076171875,\n              38.013476231041935\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"31","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6593e4b0c8380cd72c25","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, David","contributorId":56303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zanno, Lindsay E.","contributorId":173913,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zanno","given":"Lindsay","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":27255,"text":"Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":458399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sanders, R. Kent","contributorId":64068,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sanders","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Kent","affiliations":[{"id":13252,"text":"University of Utah","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":458400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Deblieux, Donald D.","contributorId":173914,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Deblieux","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":17626,"text":"Utah Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":458401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kirkland, James I.","contributorId":173915,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kirkland","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":17626,"text":"Utah Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":458398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70192332,"text":"70192332 - 2011 - Multi-scale clustering of functional data with application to hydraulic gradients in wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-25T15:06:27","indexId":"70192332","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5531,"text":"Journal of Data Science","onlineIssn":"1683-8602","printIssn":"1680-743X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multi-scale clustering of functional data with application to hydraulic gradients in wetlands","docAbstract":"<p>A new set of methods are developed to perform cluster analysis of functions, motivated by a data set consisting of hydraulic gradients at several locations distributed across a wetland complex. The methods build on previous work on clustering of functions, such as Tarpey and Kinateder (2003) and Hitchcock et al. (2007), but explore functions generated from an additive model decomposition (Wood, 2006) of the original time se- ries. Our decomposition targets two aspects of the series, using an adaptive smoother for the trend and circular spline for the diurnal variation in the series. Different measures for comparing locations are discussed, including a method for efficiently clustering time series that are of different lengths using a functional data approach. The complicated nature of these wetlands are highlighted by the shifting group memberships depending on which scale of variation and year of the study are considered.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Journal of Data Science","usgsCitation":"Greenwood, M.C., Sojda, R.S., Sharp, J.L., Peck, R.G., and Rosenberry, D.O., 2011, Multi-scale clustering of functional data with application to hydraulic gradients in wetlands: Journal of Data Science, v. 9, no. 3, p. 399-426.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"399","endPage":"426","ipdsId":"IP-017612","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347386,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":347357,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jds-online.com/volume-9-number-3-july-2011"}],"volume":"9","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f1a2abe4b0220bbd9d9fd9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Greenwood, Mark C.","contributorId":87844,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Greenwood","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13655,"text":"Montana State Univ.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":715669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sojda, Richard S. sojda@usgs.gov","contributorId":1663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sojda","given":"Richard","email":"sojda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":715670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sharp, Julia L.","contributorId":33204,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sharp","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":33234,"text":"Clemson University, Clemson, SC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":715671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Peck, Rory G.","contributorId":42984,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peck","given":"Rory","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":13655,"text":"Montana State Univ.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":715672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rosenberry, Donald O. 0000-0003-0681-5641 rosenber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-5641","contributorId":1312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"Donald","email":"rosenber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":715816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70036314,"text":"70036314 - 2011 - Is the northern high-latitude land-based CO2 sink weakening?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:03","indexId":"70036314","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1836,"text":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Is the northern high-latitude land-based CO2 sink weakening?","docAbstract":"Studies indicate that, historically, terrestrial ecosystems of the northern high-latitude region may have been responsible for up to 60% of the global net land-based sink for atmospheric CO2. However, these regions have recently experienced remarkable modification of the major driving forces of the carbon cycle, including surface air temperature warming that is significantly greater than the global average and associated increases in the frequency and severity of disturbances. Whether Arctic tundra and boreal forest ecosystems will continue to sequester atmospheric CO2 in the face of these dramatic changes is unknown. Here we show the results of model simulations that estimate a 41 Tg C yr-1 sink in the boreal land regions from 1997 to 2006, which represents a 73% reduction in the strength of the sink estimated for previous decades in the late 20th century. Our results suggest that CO 2 uptake by the region in previous decades may not be as strong as previously estimated. The recent decline in sink strength is the combined result of (1) weakening sinks due to warming-induced increases in soil organic matter decomposition and (2) strengthening sources from pyrogenic CO2 emissions as a result of the substantial area of boreal forest burned in wildfires across the region in recent years. Such changes create positive feedbacks to the climate system that accelerate global warming, putting further pressure on emission reductions to achieve atmospheric stabilization targets. Copyright 2011 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2010GB003813","issn":"08866236","usgsCitation":"Hayes, D., McGuire, A., Kicklighter, D., Gurney, K., Burnside, T., and Melillo, J.M., 2011, Is the northern high-latitude land-based CO2 sink weakening?: Global Biogeochemical Cycles, v. 25, no. 3, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010GB003813.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475268,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2010gb003813","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":246216,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218225,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010GB003813"}],"volume":"25","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3f2de4b0c8380cd6430d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hayes, D.J.","contributorId":56074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGuire, A. D.","contributorId":16552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kicklighter, D. W.","contributorId":31537,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kicklighter","given":"D. W.","affiliations":[{"id":13627,"text":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":455463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gurney, K.R.","contributorId":102310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gurney","given":"K.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Burnside, T.J.","contributorId":73014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burnside","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Melillo, J. M.","contributorId":73139,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Melillo","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70033930,"text":"70033930 - 2011 - Nest success of grassland sparrows on reclaimed surface mines","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:32","indexId":"70033930","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nest success of grassland sparrows on reclaimed surface mines","docAbstract":"Grasslands resulting from surface mine reclamation support grassland songbird populations in several midwestern and eastern states in the United States, especially where reclaimed mines are large (&gt;1,000ha). However, most reclaimed surface mines in Pennsylvania are small (&lt;200ha), and nest success is unknown. We evaluated nest success of grasshopper (Ammodramus savannarum), Henslow's (A. henslowii), and Savannah sparrows (Passerculus sandwichensis) on 4 reclaimed surface mines (50-180ha) in western Pennsylvania, USA from 2006 to 2007. Overall nest success based on mean covariate values was 0.435 (95% CI = 0.376-0.504) for grasshopper sparrows, 0.396 (95% CI = 0.295-0.533) for Henslow's sparrows, and 0.158 (95% CI = 0.063-0.392) for Savannah sparrows. These estimates of nest success are comparable to those on larger reclaimed mines and other habitats. Grasshopper and Henslow's sparrow nests that were well concealed were less likely to fail than highly visible nests (??visible = -0.028, CI = -0.051 to -0.005 for grasshopper sparrows; ??visible = -0.063, CI = -0.112 to -0.014 for Henslow's sparrows), and nests in areas with surrounding deep litter were more likely to fail than nests in areas with shallow litter (??litterD = -0.145, CI = -0.335 to 0.045 for grasshopper sparrows; ??litterD = -0.676, CI = -1.187 to -0.116 for Henslow's sparrows). Savannah sparrow nests in areas with high visual obstruction by vegetation were less likely to fail than nests in areas with sparse and short vegetation (??VisOb = 0.048, CI = 0.006-0.091). Daily probability of survival for grasshopper sparrow nests was greatest early and late in the breeding season, and Savannah sparrow nest survival followed a decreasing linear trend. Nest survival of Henslow's sparrows was greater on warm days (??temp = 0.197, CI = 0.014-0.379), whereas for Savannah sparrows nest survival decreased on warm days and on days with rain, but for Savannah sparrows confidence intervals of weather effects included zero (??temp = -0.098, CI = -0.246 to 0.050; ??rain = 3.13, CI = -14.19 to 20.45). We suggest that small reclaimed surface mine grasslands can provide valuable nesting habitat and could be important to the conservation of grassland bird populations. Because nest success can increase in the latter part of the nesting season, agricultural disturbances or management activities in mid- to late summer could adversely affect reproductive success. ?? 2011 The Wildlife Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.70","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Stauffer, G., Diefenbach, D., Marshall, M., and Brauning, D., 2011, Nest success of grassland sparrows on reclaimed surface mines: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 75, no. 3, p. 548-557, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.70.","startPage":"548","endPage":"557","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242044,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214327,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.70"}],"volume":"75","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6486e4b0c8380cd729f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stauffer, G.E.","contributorId":59253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stauffer","given":"G.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Diefenbach, Duane R. 0000-0001-5111-1147","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5111-1147","contributorId":106592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diefenbach","given":"Duane R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marshall, M.R.","contributorId":82427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marshall","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brauning, D.W.","contributorId":45129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brauning","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70044301,"text":"70044301 - 2011 - Notes on the geology and meteorology of sites infected with white-nose syndrome before July 2010 in Southeastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-22T15:07:22","indexId":"70044301","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2805,"text":"NSS News","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Notes on the geology and meteorology of sites infected with white-nose syndrome before July 2010 in Southeastern United States","docAbstract":"Since 2006, numerous bat colonies in North America have experienced unusually high incidences of mortality. In these colonies, bats are infected by a white fungus named Geomyces destructans, which has been observed on bat muzzles, noses, ears, and (or) wings. Although it is not exactly certain how and why these bats are dying, this condition has been named white-nose syndrome (WNS). WNS appears to have spread from an initial infection site at a cave in New York, and was first identified south of Pennsylvania during January 2009. By the end of June 2010, 41 infected sites had identified in the states of West Virginia, Maryland, Delaware, Virginia, and Tennessee. Most of these sites are natural caves in limestone of either Cambrian-Ordovician age or Silurian-Devonian age. Published air temperature values in these WNS-infected caves range from -3.3 to 15.6 &deg;C, and humidity measurements range from 68 to 100 %.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"NSS News","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"National Speleological Society","usgsCitation":"Swezey, C.S., and Garrity, C.P., 2011, Notes on the geology and meteorology of sites infected with white-nose syndrome before July 2010 in Southeastern United States: NSS News, v. 2011, no. 17, p. 16-25.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"16","endPage":"25","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-026229","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271380,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":271379,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://microbiology.usgs.gov/documents/Swezey_Garrity_2011.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana;Kentucky;Maryl;North Carolina;Ohio;Pennsylvania;Virginia;West Virginia","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87.43,34.98 ], [ -87.43,40.20 ], [ -75.37,40.20 ], [ -75.37,34.98 ], [ -87.43,34.98 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"2011","issue":"17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51765bebe4b0f989f99e010b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swezey, Christopher S. 0000-0003-4019-9264 cswezey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4019-9264","contributorId":601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swezey","given":"Christopher","email":"cswezey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":475266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garrity, Christopher P. 0000-0002-5565-1818 cgarrity@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5565-1818","contributorId":644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garrity","given":"Christopher","email":"cgarrity@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5061,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping and Landslide Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}