{"pageNumber":"1834","pageRowStart":"45825","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":70036035,"text":"70036035 - 2011 - Understanding the role of fog in forest hydrology: Stable isotopes as tools for determining input and partitioning of cloud water in montane forests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-03T20:17:37.937394","indexId":"70036035","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Understanding the role of fog in forest hydrology: Stable isotopes as tools for determining input and partitioning of cloud water in montane forests","docAbstract":"<p><span>Understanding the hydrology of tropical montane cloud forests (TMCF) has become essential as deforestation of mountain areas proceeds at an increased rate worldwide. Passive and active cloud‐water collectors, throughfall and stemflow collectors, visibility or droplet size measurements, and micrometeorological sensors are typically used to measure the fog water inputs to ecosystems. In addition, stable isotopes may be used as a natural tracer for fog and rain. Previous studies have shown that the isotopic signature of fog tends to be more enriched in the heavier isotopes&nbsp;</span><sup>2</sup><span>H and&nbsp;</span><sup>18</sup><span>O than that of rain, due to differences in condensation temperature and history. Differences between fog and rain isotopes are largest when rain is from synoptic‐scale storms, and fog or orographic cloud water is generated locally. Smaller isotopic differences have been observed between rain and fog on mountains with orographic clouds, but only a few studies have been conducted. Quantifying fog deposition using isotope methods is more difficult in forests receiving mixed precipitation, because of limitations in the ability of sampling equipment to separate fog from rain, and because fog and rain may, under some conditions, have similar isotopic composition. This article describes the various types of fog most relevant to montane cloud forests and the importance of fog water deposition in the hydrologic budget. A brief overview of isotope hydrology provides the background needed to understand isotope applications in cloud forests. A summary of previous work explains isotopic differences between rain and fog in different environments, and how monitoring the isotopic signature of surface water, soil water and tree xylem water can yield estimates of the contribution of fog water to streamflow, groundwater recharge and transpiration. Next, instrumentation to measure fog and rain, and methods to determine isotopic concentrations in plant and soil water are discussed. The article concludes with the identification of some of the more pressing research questions in this field and offers various suggestions for future research.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.7762","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"Scholl, M.A., Eugster, W., and Burkard, R., 2011, Understanding the role of fog in forest hydrology: Stable isotopes as tools for determining input and partitioning of cloud water in montane forests: Hydrological Processes, v. 25, no. 3, p. 353-366, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.7762.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"353","endPage":"366","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475414,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.7762","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":246293,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218294,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.7762"}],"volume":"25","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbc5fe4b08c986b328bc2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scholl, Martha A. 0000-0001-6994-4614 mascholl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6994-4614","contributorId":1920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scholl","given":"Martha","email":"mascholl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":453707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eugster, W.","contributorId":32701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eugster","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burkard, R.","contributorId":63250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burkard","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70033790,"text":"70033790 - 2011 - Diel activity of Gulf of Mexico sturgeon in a northwest Florida bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:32","indexId":"70033790","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2166,"text":"Journal of Applied Ichthyology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diel activity of Gulf of Mexico sturgeon in a northwest Florida bay","docAbstract":"In this paper, we assess patterns in activity of Gulf of Mexico sturgeon Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi over a 24-h period in the Pensacola bay system, Florida. Although seasonal migration of sturgeon is well documented, little information is available pertaining to daily variation in activity. We surgically implanted 58 Gulf sturgeon with acoustic transmitters in the Escambia (n=26), Yellow (n=8), Blackwater (n=12) and Choctawhatchee rivers (n=12) in June, July, September and October 2005. Gulf sturgeon location was monitored using an array of 56 fixed-station acoustic receivers. The relationship between frequency of Gulf sturgeon observations recorded on all acoustic receivers and time of day for all seasons combined indicated a strong diel activity pattern. Gulf sturgeon were frequently detected at night in all seasons with the exception of summer. Consecutive hourly observations indicated lateral movement of Gulf sturgeon between independent acoustic receivers on 15% of all observations of individuals. The use of an acoustic receiver array not only provides continuous data within a defined area, but also provides insight into nocturnal behavior of Gulf sturgeon not previously identified. ?? 2011 Blackwell Verlag, Berlin.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Applied Ichthyology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1439-0426.2010.01641.x","issn":"01758659","usgsCitation":"Wrege, B., Duncan, M., and Isely, J.J., 2011, Diel activity of Gulf of Mexico sturgeon in a northwest Florida bay: Journal of Applied Ichthyology, v. 27, no. 2, p. 322-326, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2010.01641.x.","startPage":"322","endPage":"326","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214113,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2010.01641.x"},{"id":241804,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a00bce4b0c8380cd4f8b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wrege, B.M.","contributorId":100405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wrege","given":"B.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duncan, M.S.","contributorId":99750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duncan","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Isely, J. Jeffery","contributorId":97224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Isely","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Jeffery","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70033822,"text":"70033822 - 2011 - Seasonal variations in ectotherm growth rates: Quantifying growth as an intermittent non steady state compensatory process","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-14T09:14:50","indexId":"70033822","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2449,"text":"Journal of Sea Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal variations in ectotherm growth rates: Quantifying growth as an intermittent non steady state compensatory process","docAbstract":"<p>Generally, growth rates of living organisms are considered to be at steady state, varying only under environmental forcing factors. For example, these rates may be described as a function of light for plants or organic food resources for animals and these could be regulated (or not) by temperature or other conditions. But, what are the consequences for an individual's growth (and also for the population growth) if growth rate variations are themselves dynamic and not steady state? For organisms presenting phases of dormancy or long periods of stress, this is a crucial question. A dynamic perspective for quantifying short-term growth was explored using the daily growth record of the scallop Pecten maximus (L.). This species is a good biological model for ectotherm growth because the shell records growth striae daily. Independently, a generic mathematical function representing the dynamics of mean daily growth rate (MDGR) was implemented to simulate a diverse set of growth patterns. Once the function was calibrated with the striae patterns, the growth rate dynamics appeared as a forced damped oscillation during the growth period having a basic periodicity during two transitory phases (mean duration 43. days) and appearing at both growth start and growth end. This phase is most likely due to the internal dynamics of energy transfer within the organism rather than to external forcing factors. After growth restart, the transitory regime represents successive phases of over-growth and regulation. This pattern corresponds to a typical representation of compensatory growth, which from an evolutionary perspective can be interpreted as an adaptive strategy to coping with a fluctuating environment.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.seares.2011.02.001","issn":"13851101","usgsCitation":"Guarini, J.-., Chauvaud, L., Cloern, J.E., Clavier, J., Coston-Guarini, J., and Patry, Y., 2011, Seasonal variations in ectotherm growth rates: Quantifying growth as an intermittent non steady state compensatory process: Journal of Sea Research, v. 65, no. 3, p. 355-361, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2011.02.001.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"355","endPage":"361","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241874,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"65","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b88f0e4b08c986b316c51","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Guarini, J. -M.","contributorId":64829,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guarini","given":"J.","middleInitial":"-M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chauvaud, Laurent","contributorId":72982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chauvaud","given":"Laurent","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cloern, James E. 0000-0002-5880-6862 jecloern@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5880-6862","contributorId":1488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cloern","given":"James","email":"jecloern@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Clavier, J.","contributorId":38789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clavier","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Coston-Guarini, J.","contributorId":67307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coston-Guarini","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Patry, Y.","contributorId":59641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patry","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70033826,"text":"70033826 - 2011 - Bat mortality and activity at a Northern Iowa wind resource area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:32","indexId":"70033826","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":737,"text":"American Midland Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bat mortality and activity at a Northern Iowa wind resource area","docAbstract":"We examined bat collision mortality, activity and species composition at an 89-turbine wind resource area in farmland of north-central Iowa from mid-Apr. to mid-Dec., 2003 and mid-Mar. to mid-Dec., 2004. We found 30 bats beneath turbines on cleared ground and gravel access areas in 2003 and 45 bats in 2004. After adjusting for search probability, search efficiency and scavenging rate, we estimated total bat mortality at 396 ?? 72 (95 ci) in 2003 and 636 ?? 112 (95 ci) in 2004. Although carcasses were mostly migratory tree bats, we found a considerable proportion of little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus). We recorded 1465 bat echolocation call files at turbine sites ( 34.88 call files/detector-night) and 1536 bat call files at adjacent non-turbine sites ( 36.57 call files/detector-night). Bat activity did not differ significantly between turbine and non-turbine sites. A large proportion of recorded call files were made by Myotis sp. but this may be because we detected activity at ground level only. There was no relationship between types of turbine lights and either collision mortality or echolocation activity. The highest levels of bat echolocation activity and collision mortality were recorded during Jul. and Aug. during the autumn dispersal and migration period. The fatality rates for bats in general and little brown bats in particular were higher at the Top of Iowa Wind Resource Area than at other, comparable studies in the region. Future efforts to study behavior of bats in flight around turbines as well as cumulative impact studies should not ignore non-tree dwelling bats, generally regarded as minimally affected. ?? 2011, American Midland Naturalist.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Midland Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1674/0003-0031-165.1.185","issn":"00030031","usgsCitation":"Jain, A., Koford, R.R., Hancock, A., and Zenner, G.G., 2011, Bat mortality and activity at a Northern Iowa wind resource area: American Midland Naturalist, v. 165, no. 1, p. 185-200, https://doi.org/10.1674/0003-0031-165.1.185.","startPage":"185","endPage":"200","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214236,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1674/0003-0031-165.1.185"},{"id":241936,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"165","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eff4e4b0c8380cd4a532","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jain, A.A.","contributorId":75345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jain","given":"A.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Koford, Rolf R.","contributorId":16347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koford","given":"Rolf","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hancock, A.W.","contributorId":98128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hancock","given":"A.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zenner, G. G.","contributorId":45913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zenner","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70033800,"text":"70033800 - 2011 - Segregating gas from melt: an experimental study of the Ostwald ripening of vapor bubbles in magmas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-10T16:22:45","indexId":"70033800","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1336,"text":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Segregating gas from melt: an experimental study of the Ostwald ripening of vapor bubbles in magmas","docAbstract":"Diffusive coarsening (Ostwald ripening) of H<sub>2</sub>O and H<sub>2</sub>O-CO<sub>2</sub> bubbles in rhyolite and basaltic andesite melts was studied with elevated temperature–pressure experiments to investigate the rates and time spans over which vapor bubbles may enlarge and attain sufficient buoyancy to segregate in magmatic systems. Bubble growth and segregation are also considered in terms of classical steady-state and transient (non-steady-state) ripening theory. Experimental results are consistent with diffusive coarsening as the dominant mechanism of bubble growth. Ripening is faster in experiments saturated with pure H<sub>2</sub>O than in those with a CO<sub>2</sub>-rich mixed vapor probably due to faster diffusion of H<sub>2</sub>O than CO<sub>2</sub> through the melt. None of the experimental series followed the time<sup>1/3</sup> increase in mean bubble radius and time<sup>-1</sup> decrease in bubble number density predicted by classical steady-state ripening theory. Instead, products are interpreted as resulting from transient regime ripening. Application of transient regime theory suggests that bubbly magmas may require from days to 100 years to reach steady-state ripening conditions. Experimental results, as well as theory for steady-state ripening of bubbles that are immobile or undergoing buoyant ascent, indicate that diffusive coarsening efficiently eliminates micron-sized bubbles and would produce mm-sized bubbles in 10<sup>2</sup>–10<sup>4</sup> years in crustal magma bodies. Once bubbles attain mm-sizes, their calculated ascent rates are sufficient that they could transit multiple kilometers over hundreds to thousands of years through mafic and silicic melt, respectively. These results show that diffusive coarsening can facilitate transfer of volatiles through, and from, magmatic systems by creating bubbles sufficiently large for rapid ascent.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s00410-010-0535-x","issn":"00107999","usgsCitation":"Lautze, N.C., Sisson, T.W., Mangan, M.T., and Grove, T., 2011, Segregating gas from melt: an experimental study of the Ostwald ripening of vapor bubbles in magmas: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 161, no. 2, p. 331-347, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-010-0535-x.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"331","endPage":"347","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[{"id":616,"text":"Volcano Hazards Team","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":214262,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00410-010-0535-x"},{"id":241967,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"161","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-06-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8adee4b08c986b317425","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lautze, Nicole C.","contributorId":78565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lautze","given":"Nicole","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sisson, Thomas W. 0000-0003-3380-6425 tsisson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3380-6425","contributorId":2341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sisson","given":"Thomas","email":"tsisson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":442529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mangan, Margaret T. 0000-0002-5273-8053 mmangan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5273-8053","contributorId":3343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mangan","given":"Margaret","email":"mmangan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":442530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grove, Timothy L.","contributorId":68546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grove","given":"Timothy L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70032394,"text":"70032394 - 2011 - Inversion of ground-motion data from a seismometer array for rotation using a modification of Jaeger's method","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-23T09:45:16","indexId":"70032394","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Inversion of ground-motion data from a seismometer array for rotation using a modification of Jaeger's method","docAbstract":"We develop a new way to invert 2D translational waveforms using Jaeger's (1969) formula to derive rotational ground motions about one axis and estimate the errors in them using techniques from statistical multivariate analysis. This procedure can be used to derive rotational ground motions and strains using arrayed translational data, thus providing an efficient way to calibrate the performance of rotational sensors. This approach does not require a priori information about the noise level of the translational data and elastic properties of the media. This new procedure also provides estimates of the standard deviations of the derived rotations and strains. In this study, we validated this code using synthetic translational waveforms from a seismic array. The results after the inversion of the synthetics for rotations were almost identical with the results derived using a well-tested inversion procedure by Spudich and Fletcher (2009). This new 2D procedure can be applied three times to obtain the full, three-component rotations. Additional modifications can be implemented to the code in the future to study different features of the rotational ground motions and strains induced by the passage of seismic waves.","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120100204","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Chi, W., Lee, W., Aston, J., Lin, C., and Liu, C., 2011, Inversion of ground-motion data from a seismometer array for rotation using a modification of Jaeger's method: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 101, no. 6, p. 3105-3109, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120100204.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"3105","endPage":"3109","numberOfPages":"5","ipdsId":"IP-022928","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":213877,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120100204"},{"id":241543,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"101","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-12-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3e53e4b0c8380cd63ca6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chi, Wu-Cheng","contributorId":26148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chi","given":"Wu-Cheng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, W.H.K.","contributorId":35303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"W.H.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Aston, J.A.D.","contributorId":55650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aston","given":"J.A.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lin, C.J.","contributorId":99385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lin","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Liu, C.-C.","contributorId":89662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"C.-C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70032515,"text":"70032515 - 2011 - Survey of stranded gas and delivered costs to Europe of selected gas resources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-29T12:18:50","indexId":"70032515","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Survey of stranded gas and delivered costs to Europe of selected gas resources","docAbstract":"<p>Two important trends affecting the expected growth of global gas markets are (1) the shift by many industrialized countries from coal-fired electricity generation to the use of natural gas to generate electricity and (2) the industrialization of the heavily populated Asian countries of India and China. This paper surveys discovered gas in stranded conventional gas accumulations and presents estimates of the cost of developing and producing stranded gas in selected countries. Stranded gas is natural gas in discovered or identified fields that is not currently commercially producible for either physical or economic reasons. Published reserves of gas at the global level do not distinguish between volumes of gas in producing fields and volumes in nonproducing fields. Data on stranded gas reported here-that is the volumes, geographical distribution, and size distributions of stranded gas fields at the country and regional level-are based on the examination of individual-field data and represent a significant improvement in information available to industry and government decision makers. Globally, stranded gas is pervasive, but large volumes in large accumulations are concentrated in only a few areas. The cost component of the paper focuses on stranded conventional gas accumulations in Africa and South America that have the potential to augment supplies to Europe. The methods described for the computation of extraction and transport costs are innovative in that they use information on the sizes and geographical distribution of the identified stranded gas fields. The costs are based on industry data specific to the country and geologic basin where the stranded gas is located. Gas supplies to Europe can be increased significantly at competitive costs by the development of stranded gas. Net extraction costs of producing the identified gas depend critically on the natural-gas-liquids (NGLs) content, the prevailing prices of liquids, the size of the gas accumulation, and the deposit's location. The diversity of the distribution of stranded gas is one obstacle to the exercise of market power by the Gas Exporting Countries Forum (GECF).&nbsp;</p>","conferenceTitle":"SPE Hydrocarbon Economics and Evaluation Symposium 2010","conferenceDate":"March 8-9, 2010","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Petroleum Engineers","issn":"21501173","usgsCitation":"Attanasi, E.D., and Freeman, P., 2011, Survey of stranded gas and delivered costs to Europe of selected gas resources, SPE Hydrocarbon Economics and Evaluation Symposium 2010, March 8-9, 2010, p. 149-162.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"149","endPage":"162","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241379,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba29ae4b08c986b31f806","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Attanasi, Emil D. 0000-0001-6845-7160 attanasi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6845-7160","contributorId":193092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Attanasi","given":"Emil","email":"attanasi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":436577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Freeman, Philip A. 0000-0002-0863-7431 pfreeman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0863-7431","contributorId":193093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"Philip A.","email":"pfreeman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":436576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70032521,"text":"70032521 - 2011 - Ecological strategies in california chaparral: Interacting effects of soils, climate, and fire on specific leaf area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-26T15:19:49","indexId":"70032521","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3087,"text":"Plant Ecology and Diversity","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ecological strategies in california chaparral: Interacting effects of soils, climate, and fire on specific leaf area","docAbstract":"<p><strong><i>Background:</i> </strong>High values of specific leaf area (SLA) are generally associated with high maximal growth rates in resource-rich conditions, such as mesic climates and fertile soils. However, fire may complicate this relationship since its frequency varies with both climate and soil fertility, and fire frequency selects for regeneration strategies (resprouting versus seeding) that are not independent of resource-acquisition strategies. Shared ancestry is also expected to affect the distribution of resource-use and regeneration traits.</p><p><strong><i>Aims:</i> </strong>We examined climate, soil, and fire as drivers of community-level variation in a key functional trait, SLA, in chaparral in California.</p><p><strong><i>Methods:</i> </strong>We quantified the phylogenetic, functional, and environmental non-independence of key traits for 87 species in 115 plots.</p><p><strong><i>Results:</i> </strong>Among species, SLA was higher in resprouters than seeders, although not after phylogeny correction. Among communities, mean SLA was lower in harsh interior climates, but in these climates it was higher on more fertile soils and on more recently burned sites; in mesic coastal climates, mean SLA was uniformly high despite variation in soil fertility and fire history.</p><p><strong><i>Conclusions:</i> </strong>We conclude that because important correlations exist among both species traits and environmental filters, interpreting the functional and phylogenetic structure of communities may require an understanding of complex interactive effects.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/17550874.2011.633573","issn":"17550874","usgsCitation":"Anacker, B., Rajakaruna, N., Ackerly, D., Harrison, S., Keeley, J.E., and Vasey, M., 2011, Ecological strategies in california chaparral: Interacting effects of soils, climate, and fire on specific leaf area: Plant Ecology and Diversity, v. 4, no. 2-3, p. 179-188, https://doi.org/10.1080/17550874.2011.633573.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"179","endPage":"188","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241480,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a055fe4b0c8380cd50d92","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anacker, Brian","contributorId":139539,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anacker","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7214,"text":"University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":436622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rajakaruna, Nishanta","contributorId":139540,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rajakaruna","given":"Nishanta","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12794,"text":"College of the Atlantic","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":436624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ackerly, David","contributorId":139541,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ackerly","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":7102,"text":"University of California, Berkeley, Dept. of Civil & Envir. Engineering","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":436621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harrison, Susan","contributorId":85707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrison","given":"Susan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Keeley, Jon E. 0000-0002-4564-6521 jon_keeley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":1268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon","email":"jon_keeley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":436619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Vasey, Michael","contributorId":139542,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vasey","given":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":436620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70033959,"text":"70033959 - 2011 - Recent faulting in western Nevada revealed by multi-scale seismic reflection","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:33","indexId":"70033959","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3317,"text":"SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recent faulting in western Nevada revealed by multi-scale seismic reflection","docAbstract":"The main goal of this study is to compare different reflection methods used to image subsurface structure within different physical environments in western Nevada. With all the methods employed, the primary goal is fault imaging for structural information toward geothermal exploration and seismic hazard estimation. We use seismic CHIRP a swept-frequency marine acquisition system, weight drop an accelerated hammer source, and two different vibroseis systems to characterize fault structure. We focused our efforts in the Reno metropolitan area and the area within and surrounding Pyramid Lake in northern Nevada. These different methods have provided valuable constraints on the fault geometry and activity, as well as associated fluid movement. These are critical in evaluating the potential for large earthquakes in these areas, and geothermal exploration possibilities near these structures. ?? 2011 Society of Exploration Geophysicists.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1190/1.3627458","issn":"10523812","usgsCitation":"Frary, R., Louie, J., Stephenson, W.J., Odum, J.K., Kell, A., Eisses, A., Kent, G., Driscoll, N.W., Karlin, R., Baskin, R.L., Pullammanappallil, S., and Liberty, L., 2011, Recent faulting in western Nevada revealed by multi-scale seismic reflection: SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts, v. 30, no. 1, p. 1373-1377, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.3627458.","startPage":"1373","endPage":"1377","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214244,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.3627458"},{"id":241944,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a961ae4b0c8380cd81ddb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frary, R.N.","contributorId":43580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frary","given":"R.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Louie, J.N.","contributorId":13795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Louie","given":"J.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stephenson, W. J.","contributorId":87982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephenson","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Odum, J. K.","contributorId":105705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Odum","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kell, A.","contributorId":88571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kell","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Eisses, A.","contributorId":28085,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eisses","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kent, G.M.","contributorId":34729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kent","given":"G.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Driscoll, N. W.","contributorId":41093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Driscoll","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Karlin, R.","contributorId":80092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karlin","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Baskin, R. L.","contributorId":14460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baskin","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Pullammanappallil, S.","contributorId":64041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pullammanappallil","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Liberty, L.M.","contributorId":58749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liberty","given":"L.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70032236,"text":"70032236 - 2011 - Kin encounter rate and inbreeding avoidance in canids","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:29","indexId":"70032236","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2774,"text":"Molecular Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Kin encounter rate and inbreeding avoidance in canids","docAbstract":"Mating with close kin can lead to inbreeding depression through the expression of recessive deleterious alleles and loss of heterozygosity. Mate selection may be affected by kin encounter rate, and inbreeding avoidance may not be uniform but associated with age and social system. Specifically, selection for kin recognition and inbreeding avoidance may be more developed in species that live in family groups or breed cooperatively. To test this hypothesis, we compared kin encounter rate and the proportion of related breeding pairs in noninbred and highly inbred canid populations. The chance of randomly encountering a full sib ranged between 1-8% and 20-22% in noninbred and inbred canid populations, respectively. We show that regardless of encounter rate, outside natal groups mates were selected independent of relatedness. Within natal groups, there was a significant avoidance of mating with a relative. Lack of discrimination against mating with close relatives outside packs suggests that the rate of inbreeding in canids is related to the proximity of close relatives, which could explain the high degree of inbreeding depression observed in some populations. The idea that kin encounter rate and social organization can explain the lack of inbreeding avoidance in some species is intriguing and may have implications for the management of populations at risk. ?? 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Molecular Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05358.x","issn":"09621083","usgsCitation":"Geffen, E., Kam, M., Hefner, R., Hersteinsson, P., Angerbjorn, A., Dalen, L., Fuglei, E., Noren, K., Adams, J., Vucetich, J., Meier, T., Mech, L., Vonholdt, B., Stahler, D., and Wayne, R., 2011, Kin encounter rate and inbreeding avoidance in canids: Molecular Ecology, v. 20, no. 24, p. 5348-5358, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05358.x.","startPage":"5348","endPage":"5358","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214977,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05358.x"},{"id":242739,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-11-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4099e4b0c8380cd64eb5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Geffen, E.","contributorId":86876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geffen","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kam, M.","contributorId":88967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kam","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hefner, R.","contributorId":39211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hefner","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hersteinsson, P.","contributorId":54809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hersteinsson","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Angerbjorn, A.","contributorId":64471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angerbjorn","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dalen, L.","contributorId":99393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dalen","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fuglei, E.","contributorId":57285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuglei","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Noren, K.","contributorId":8302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noren","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Adams, J.R.","contributorId":94876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Vucetich, J.","contributorId":82549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vucetich","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Meier, T.J.","contributorId":66632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meier","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Mech, L.D. 0000-0003-3944-7769","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":75466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mech","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Vonholdt, B.M.","contributorId":47993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vonholdt","given":"B.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Stahler, D.R.","contributorId":90107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stahler","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Wayne, R.K.","contributorId":24869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wayne","given":"R.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}}
,{"id":70032232,"text":"70032232 - 2011 - Incorporating biodiversity into rangeland health: Plant species richness and diversity in great plains grasslands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-06T16:44:04","indexId":"70032232","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3228,"text":"Rangeland Ecology and Management","onlineIssn":"1551-5028","printIssn":"1550-7424","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Incorporating biodiversity into rangeland health: Plant species richness and diversity in great plains grasslands","docAbstract":"<p><span>Indicators of rangeland health generally do not include a measure of biodiversity. Increasing attention to maintaining biodiversity in rangelands suggests that this omission should be reconsidered, and plant species richness and diversity are two metrics that may be useful and appropriate. Ideally, their response to a variety of anthropogenic and natural drivers in the ecosystem of interest would be clearly understood, thereby providing a means to diagnose the cause of decline in an ecosystem. Conceptual ecological models based on ecological principles and hypotheses provide a framework for this understanding, but these models must be supported by empirical evidence if they are to be used for decision making. To that end, we synthesize results from published studies regarding the responses of plant species richness and diversity to drivers that are of management concern in Great Plains grasslands, one of North America's most imperiled ecosystems. In the published literature, moderate grazing generally has a positive effect on these metrics in tallgrass prairie and a neutral to negative effect in shortgrass prairie. The largest published effects on richness and diversity were caused by moderate grazing in tallgrass prairies and nitrogen fertilization in shortgrass prairies. Although weather is often cited as the reason for considerable annual fluctuations in richness and diversity, little information about the responses of these metrics to weather is available. Responses of the two metrics often diverged, reflecting differences in their sensitivity to different types of changes in the plant community. Although sufficient information has not yet been published for these metrics to meet all the criteria of a good indicator in Great Plains Grasslands, augmenting current methods of evaluating rangeland health with a measure of plant species richness would reduce these shortcomings and provide information critical to managing for biodiversity.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.2111/REM-D-10-00136.1","issn":"15507424","usgsCitation":"Symstad, A., and Jonas, J.L., 2011, Incorporating biodiversity into rangeland health: Plant species richness and diversity in great plains grasslands: Rangeland Ecology and Management, v. 64, no. 6, p. 555-572, https://doi.org/10.2111/REM-D-10-00136.1.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"555","endPage":"572","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487854,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10150/642903","text":"External Repository"},{"id":242672,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214912,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2111/REM-D-10-00136.1"}],"volume":"64","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a39e6e4b0c8380cd61a95","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Symstad, Amy J. 0000-0003-4231-2873 asymstad@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4231-2873","contributorId":2611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Symstad","given":"Amy J.","email":"asymstad@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":435157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jonas, Jayne L.","contributorId":22680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jonas","given":"Jayne","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70032231,"text":"70032231 - 2011 - Sexing young snowy owls","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-20T18:57:09","indexId":"70032231","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2442,"text":"Journal of Raptor Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sexing young snowy owls","docAbstract":"We predicted sex of 140 Snowy Owl (Bubo scandiacus) nestlings out of 34 nests at our Barrow, Alaska, study area to develop a technique for sexing these owls in the field. We primarily sexed young, flightless owls (3844 d old) by quantifying plumage markings on the remiges and tail, predicting sex, and collecting blood samples to test our field predictions using molecular sexing techniques. We categorized and quantified three different plumage markings: two types of bars (defined as markings that touch the rachis) and spots (defined as markings that do not touch the rachis). We predicted sex in the field assuming that males had more spots than bars and females more bars than spots on the remiges and rectrices. Molecular data indicated that we correctly sexed 100% of the nestlings. We modeled the data using random forests and classification trees. Both models indicated that the number and type of markings on the secondary feathers were the most important in classifying nestling sex. The statistical models verified our initial qualitative prediction that males have more spots than bars and females more bars than spots on flight feathers P6P10 for both wings and tail feathers T1 and T2. This study provides researchers with an easily replicable and highly accurate method for sexing young Snowy Owls in the field, which should aid further studies of sex-ratios and sex-related variation in behavior and growth of this circumpolar owl species. ?? 2011 The Raptor Research Foundation, Inc.","language":"English","publisher":"The Raptor Research Foundation, Inc.","doi":"10.3356/JRR-11-02.1","usgsCitation":"Seidensticker, M.T., Holt, D.W., Detienne, J., Talbot, S.L., and Gray, K., 2011, Sexing young snowy owls: Journal of Raptor Research, v. 45, no. 4, p. 281-289, https://doi.org/10.3356/JRR-11-02.1.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"281","endPage":"289","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487853,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3356/jrr-11-02.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":242671,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8db7e4b08c986b318506","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Seidensticker, Mathew T.","contributorId":99792,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seidensticker","given":"Mathew","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holt, Denver W.","contributorId":70609,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holt","given":"Denver","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Detienne, Jennifer","contributorId":35968,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Detienne","given":"Jennifer","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Talbot, Sandra L. 0000-0002-3312-7214 stalbot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3312-7214","contributorId":140512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Sandra","email":"stalbot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":435153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gray, Kathy","contributorId":62949,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gray","given":"Kathy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70032228,"text":"70032228 - 2011 - Monitoring direct and indirect climate effects on whitebark pine ecosystems at Crater Lake National park","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:24","indexId":"70032228","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3014,"text":"Park Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monitoring direct and indirect climate effects on whitebark pine ecosystems at Crater Lake National park","docAbstract":"Whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) is the distinctive, often stunted, and picturesque tree line species in the American West. As a result of climate change, mountain pine beetles (Dendroctonus ponderosae) have moved up in elevation, adding to nonnative blister rust (Cronartium ribicola) disease as a major cause of mortality in whitebark pine. At Crater Lake National Park, Oregon, whitebark pine is declining at the rate of 1% per year. The Klamath Network, National Park Service, has elected to monitor whitebark pine and associated high-elevation vegetation. This program is designed to sample whitebark pine throughout the park to look for geographic patterns in its exposure to and mortality from disease and beetles. First-year monitoring has uncovered interesting patterns in blister rust distribution. Incidence of rust disease was higher on the west side of the park, where conditions are wetter and more humid than on the east side. However, correlating climate alone with rust disease is not straightforward. On the east side of the park, the odds of blister rust infection were much greater in plots having Ribes spp., shrubs that act as the alternate host for a portion of the rust's life cycle. However, on the park's west side, there was not a statistically significant increase in blister rust in plots with Ribes. This suggests that different species of Ribes associated with whitebark pine can increase pine exposure to blister rust disease. There is also convincing evidence of an association between total tree density and the incidence of blister rust. Warmer temperatures and possibly increased precipitation will affect both whitebark pine and Ribes physiology as well as tree density and mountain pine beetle numbers, all of which may interact with blister rust to cause future changes in tree line communities at Crater Lake. The Klamath Network monitoring program plans to document and study these ongoing changes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Park Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"07359462","usgsCitation":"Smith, S., Odion, D., Sarr, D., and Irvine, K., 2011, Monitoring direct and indirect climate effects on whitebark pine ecosystems at Crater Lake National park: Park Science, v. 28, no. 2.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242613,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5d9ee4b0c8380cd704b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, S.B.","contributorId":47056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"S.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Odion, D.C.","contributorId":20563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Odion","given":"D.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sarr, D.A.","contributorId":103104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sarr","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Irvine, K.M.","contributorId":39210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irvine","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70033956,"text":"70033956 - 2011 - Notes on the origin of inertinite macerals in coals: Funginite associations with cutinite and suberinite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:33","indexId":"70033956","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Notes on the origin of inertinite macerals in coals: Funginite associations with cutinite and suberinite","docAbstract":"The association of fungus with plant leaves and roots is ubiquitous. While many of these occurrences are considered to be pathogenic, mycorrhizzal fungal associations with roots are essential for plant growth. Despite the common knowledge of such relationships in plant science, with a few exceptions, the fungus/leaf/root/stem association as the macerals funginite, cutinite, and suberinite in coals has not been extensively studied. In this work, examples of funginite associations with cutinite and suberinite are discussed. ?? 2010 Elsevier B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Coal Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.coal.2010.11.008","issn":"01665162","usgsCitation":"Hower, J., O’Keefe, J., Eble, C., Volk, T., Richardson, A., Satterwhite, A.B., Hatch, R., and Kostova, I., 2011, Notes on the origin of inertinite macerals in coals: Funginite associations with cutinite and suberinite: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 85, no. 1, p. 186-190, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2010.11.008.","startPage":"186","endPage":"190","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214188,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2010.11.008"},{"id":241882,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"85","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6892e4b0c8380cd738b7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hower, J.C.","contributorId":100541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hower","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Keefe, J.M.K.","contributorId":21768,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Keefe","given":"J.M.K.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":35685,"text":"Morehead State University, Morehead, KY","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":443379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eble, C.F.","contributorId":35346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eble","given":"C.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Volk, T.J.","contributorId":94115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Volk","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Richardson, A.R.","contributorId":24382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richardson","given":"A.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Satterwhite, Anne B.","contributorId":88165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Satterwhite","given":"Anne","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hatch, R.S.","contributorId":26151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kostova, I.J.","contributorId":7096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kostova","given":"I.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70033953,"text":"70033953 - 2011 - Advancing environmental toxicology through chemical dosimetry: External exposures versus tissue residues","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:33","indexId":"70033953","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2006,"text":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Advancing environmental toxicology through chemical dosimetry: External exposures versus tissue residues","docAbstract":"The tissue residue dose concept has been used, although in a limited manner, in environmental toxicology for more than 100 y. This review outlines the history of this approach and the technical background for organic chemicals and metals. Although the toxicity of both can be explained in tissue residue terms, the relationship between external exposure concentration, body and/or tissues dose surrogates, and the effective internal dose at the sites of toxic action tends to be more complex for metals. Various issues and current limitations related to research and regulatory applications are also examined. It is clear that the tissue residue approach (TRA) should be an integral component in future efforts to enhance the generation, understanding, and utility of toxicity testing data, both in the laboratory and in the field. To accomplish these goals, several key areas need to be addressed: 1) development of a risk-based interpretive framework linking toxicology and ecology at multiple levels of biological organization and incorporating organism-based dose metrics; 2) a broadly applicable, generally accepted classification scheme for modes/mechanisms of toxic action with explicit consideration of residue information to improve both single chemical and mixture toxicity data interpretation and regulatory risk assessment; 3) toxicity testing protocols updated to ensure collection of adequate residue information, along with toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics information, based on explicitly defined toxicological models accompanied by toxicological model validation; 4) continued development of residueeffect databases is needed ensure their ongoing utility; and 5) regulatory guidance incorporating residue-based testing and interpretation approaches, essential in various jurisdictions. ??:2010 SETAC.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/ieam.98","issn":"15513793","usgsCitation":"McCarty, L., Landrum, P., Luoma, S., Meador, J., Merten, A., Shephard, B., and van Wezelzz, A., 2011, Advancing environmental toxicology through chemical dosimetry: External exposures versus tissue residues: Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, v. 7, no. 1, p. 7-27, https://doi.org/10.1002/ieam.98.","startPage":"7","endPage":"27","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241849,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214155,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ieam.98"}],"volume":"7","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e706e4b0c8380cd477da","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCarty, L.S.","contributorId":10237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCarty","given":"L.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Landrum, P.F.","contributorId":98423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landrum","given":"P.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Luoma, S. N.","contributorId":86353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"S. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Meador, J.P.","contributorId":68545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meador","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Merten, A.A.","contributorId":34336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merten","given":"A.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Shephard, B.K.","contributorId":102700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shephard","given":"B.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"van Wezelzz, A.P.","contributorId":66076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Wezelzz","given":"A.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70032541,"text":"70032541 - 2011 - Methodology to assess water presence on speleothems during periods of low precipitation, with implications for recharge sources - Kartchner Caverns, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-29T11:59:04","indexId":"70032541","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2201,"text":"Journal of Cave and Karst Studies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Methodology to assess water presence on speleothems during periods of low precipitation, with implications for recharge sources - Kartchner Caverns, Arizona","docAbstract":"Beginning in January 2005, recharge processes and the presence of water on speleothems were monitored in Kartchner Caverns during a 44-month period when annual rainfall rates were 6 to 18 percent below the long-term mean. Electrical-resistance sensors designed to detect the presence of water were used to identify ephemeral streamflow in the channels overlying the cave as well as the movement of water within the cave system. Direct infiltration of precipitation through overhead rocks provided consistent inflow to the cave, but precipitation rates and subsequent infiltration rates were reduced during the comparatively dry years. Ephemeral stream-channel recharge through autogenic and allogenic processes, the predominant recharge mechanism during wetter periods, was limited to two low-volume events. From visual observations, it appeared that recharge from channel infiltration was equal to or less than recharge from overhead infiltration. Electrical-resistance sensors were able to detect thin films of water on speleothems, including stalactites, ribbons, and stalagmites. These films of water were directly attributed to overhead infiltration of precipitation. Periods of low precipitation resulted in decreased speleothem wetness.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Cave and Karst Studies","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"National Speleological Society","doi":"10.4311/jcks2009es0094","issn":"10906924","usgsCitation":"Blasch, K.W., 2011, Methodology to assess water presence on speleothems during periods of low precipitation, with implications for recharge sources - Kartchner Caverns, Arizona: Journal of Cave and Karst Studies, v. 73, no. 2, p. 63-74, https://doi.org/10.4311/jcks2009es0094.","startPage":"63","endPage":"74","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487758,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"http://doi.org/10.4311/jcks2009es0094","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":241251,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213606,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.4311/jcks2009es0094"}],"volume":"73","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5578e4b0c8380cd6d207","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blasch, Kyle W. 0000-0002-0590-0724 kblasch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0590-0724","contributorId":1631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blasch","given":"Kyle","email":"kblasch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":436731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70032713,"text":"70032713 - 2011 - On the powerful use of simulations in the quake-catcher network to efficiently position low-cost earthquake sensors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:23","indexId":"70032713","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"On the powerful use of simulations in the quake-catcher network to efficiently position low-cost earthquake sensors","docAbstract":"The Quake-Catcher Network (QCN) uses low-cost sensors connected to volunteer computers across the world to monitor seismic events. The location and density of these sensors' placement can impact the accuracy of the event detection. Because testing different special arrangements of new sensors could disrupt the currently active project, this would best be accomplished in a simulated environment. This paper presents an accurate and efficient framework for simulating the low cost QCN sensors and identifying their most effective locations and densities. Results presented show how our simulations are reliable tools to study diverse scenarios under different geographical and infrastructural constraints. ?? 2011 IEEE.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings - 2011 7th IEEE International Conference on eScience, eScience 2011","conferenceTitle":"7th IEEE International Conference on eScience, eScience 2011","conferenceDate":"5 December 2011 through 8 December 2011","conferenceLocation":"Stockholm","language":"English","doi":"10.1109/eScience.2011.19","isbn":"9780769545974","usgsCitation":"Benson, K., Estrada, T., Taufer, M., Lawrence, J., and Cochran, E., 2011, On the powerful use of simulations in the quake-catcher network to efficiently position low-cost earthquake sensors, <i>in</i> Proceedings - 2011 7th IEEE International Conference on eScience, eScience 2011, Stockholm, 5 December 2011 through 8 December 2011, p. 77-84, https://doi.org/10.1109/eScience.2011.19.","startPage":"77","endPage":"84","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213645,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eScience.2011.19"},{"id":241293,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6de7e4b0c8380cd753be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benson, K.","contributorId":38785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Estrada, T.","contributorId":92062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Estrada","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Taufer, M.","contributorId":56862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taufer","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lawrence, J.","contributorId":13591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawrence","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cochran, E.","contributorId":66923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cochran","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70032708,"text":"70032708 - 2011 - Intercontinental gene flow among western arctic populations of lesser snow geese","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:32","indexId":"70032708","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Intercontinental gene flow among western arctic populations of lesser snow geese","docAbstract":"Quantifying the spatial genetic structure of highly vagile species of birds is important in predicting their degree of population demographic and genetic independence during changing environmental conditions, and in assessing their abundance and distribution. In the western Arctic, Lesser Snow Geese (Chen caerulescens caerulescens) provide an example useful for evaluating spatial population genetic structure and the relative contribution of male and female philopatry to breeding and wintering locales. We analyzed biparentally inherited microsatellite loci and maternally inherited mtDNA sequences from geese breeding at Wrangel Island (Russia) and Banks Island (Canada) to estimate gene flow among populations whose geographic overlap during breeding and winter differ. Significant differences in the frequencies of mtDNA haplotypes contrast with the homogeneity of allele frequencies for microsatellite loci. Coalescence simulations revealed high variability and asymmetry between males and females in rates and direction of gene flow between populations. Our results highlight the importance of wintering areas to demographic independence and spatial genetic structure of these populations. Male-mediated gene flow among the populations on northern Wrangel Island, southern Wrangel Island, and Banks Island has been substantial. A high rate of female-mediated gene flow from southern Wrangel Island to Banks Island suggests that population exchange can be achieved when populations winter in a common area. Conversely, when birds from different breeding populations do not share a common wintering area, the probability of population exchange is likely to be dramatically reduced. ?? The Cooper Ornithological Society 2011.","largerWorkTitle":"Condor","language":"English","doi":"10.1525/cond.2011.100009","issn":"00105422","usgsCitation":"Shorey, R.I., Scribner, K., Kanefsky, J., Samuel, M., and Libants, S., 2011, Intercontinental gene flow among western arctic populations of lesser snow geese, <i>in</i> Condor, v. 113, no. 4, p. 735-746, https://doi.org/10.1525/cond.2011.100009.","startPage":"735","endPage":"746","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487720,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1525/cond.2011.100009","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":241769,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214081,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1525/cond.2011.100009"}],"volume":"113","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3cf3e4b0c8380cd63196","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shorey, Rainy I.","contributorId":63633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shorey","given":"Rainy","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scribner, K.T.","contributorId":97033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scribner","given":"K.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kanefsky, Jeannette","contributorId":72213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kanefsky","given":"Jeannette","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Samuel, M.D.","contributorId":13910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Samuel","given":"M.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Libants, S.V.","contributorId":22591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Libants","given":"S.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70032542,"text":"70032542 - 2011 - Evaluation of Nobuto filter paper strips for the detection of avian influenza virus antibody in waterfowl","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-22T19:49:20.26049","indexId":"70032542","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":948,"text":"Avian Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of Nobuto filter paper strips for the detection of avian influenza virus antibody in waterfowl","docAbstract":"The utility of using Nobuto paper strips for the detection of avian influenza antibodies was examined in mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) experimentally infected with low pathogenic avian influenza viruses. Blood was collected 2 wk after infection and was preserved either as serum or whole blood absorbed onto Nobuto strips. Analysis of samples using a commercially available blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed comparable results (???96% sensitivity for all methods) between sera stored at -30 C and the Nobuto strip preservation method even when the Nobuto strips were stored up to 3 mo at room temperature (RT). Significant differences were detected in the ratio of sample absorbance to negative control absorbance for Nobuto strips stored at RT compared with sera stored at -30 C, although these differences did not affect the ability of the test to reliably detect positive and negative samples. Nobuto strips are a convenient and sensitive alternative to the collection of serum samples when maintaining appropriate storage temperatures is difficult. ?? 2011 American Association of Avian Pathologists.","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Avian Pathologists","doi":"10.1637/9687-021511-ResNote.1","issn":"00052086","usgsCitation":"Dusek, R., Hall, J.S., Nashold, S.W., Teslaa, J.L., and Ip, H., 2011, Evaluation of Nobuto filter paper strips for the detection of avian influenza virus antibody in waterfowl: Avian Diseases, v. 55, no. 4, p. 674-676, https://doi.org/10.1637/9687-021511-ResNote.1.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"674","endPage":"676","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241252,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213607,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1637/9687-021511-ResNote.1"}],"volume":"55","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0c1de4b0c8380cd52a3e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dusek, Robert J. 0000-0001-6177-7479","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6177-7479","contributorId":30203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dusek","given":"Robert J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hall, Jeffrey S. 0000-0001-5599-2826 jshall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5599-2826","contributorId":2254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hall","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jshall@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":436734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nashold, Sean W. 0000-0002-8869-6633 snashold@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8869-6633","contributorId":3611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nashold","given":"Sean","email":"snashold@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":436735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Teslaa, Joshua L. 0000-0001-7802-3454 jteslaa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7802-3454","contributorId":5794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Teslaa","given":"Joshua","email":"jteslaa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":436736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ip, Hon S. 0000-0003-4844-7533","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4844-7533","contributorId":15829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ip","given":"Hon S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70032706,"text":"70032706 - 2011 - Heterogeneous pumice populations in the 2.08-Ma Cerro Galán Ignimbrite: Implications for magma recharge and ascent preceding a large-volume silicic eruption","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-12T11:39:05","indexId":"70032706","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1109,"text":"Bulletin of Volcanology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Heterogeneous pumice populations in the 2.08-Ma Cerro Galán Ignimbrite: Implications for magma recharge and ascent preceding a large-volume silicic eruption","docAbstract":"<p><span>Triggering mechanisms of large silicic eruptions remain a critical unsolved problem. We address this question for the ~2.08-Ma caldera-forming eruption of Cerro Gal&aacute;n volcano, Argentina, which produced distinct pumice populations of two colors: grey (5%) and white (95%) that we believe may hold clues to the onset of eruptive activity. We demonstrate that the color variations correspond to both textural and compositional variations between the clast types. Both pumice types have bulk compositions of high-K, high-silica dacite to low-silica rhyolite, but there are sufficient compositional differences (e.g., ~150&nbsp;ppm lower Ba at equivalent&nbsp;</span><a class=\"reference-link webtrekk-track\" href=\"http://link.springer.com/search?dc.title=SiO&amp;facet-content-type=ReferenceWorkEntry&amp;sortOrder=relevance\">SiO</a><span class=\"a-plus-plus\">2</span><span>&nbsp;content and 0.03&nbsp;wt.% higher TiO</span><span class=\"a-plus-plus\">2</span><span>&nbsp;in white pumice than grey) to suggest that the two pumice populations are not related by simple fractionation. Trace element concentrations in crystals mimic bulk variations between clast types, with grey pumice containing elevated Ba, Cu, Pb, and Zn concentrations in both bulk samples (average Cu, Pb, and Zn concentrations are 27, 35, and 82 in grey pumice vs. 11, 19, and 60 in white pumice) and biotite phenocrysts and white pumice showing elevated Li concentrations in biotite and plagioclase phenocrysts. White and grey clasts are also texturally distinct: White pumice clasts contain abundant phenocrysts (44&ndash;57%), lack microlites, and have highly evolved groundmass glass compositions (76.4&ndash;79.6&nbsp;wt.%&nbsp;</span><a class=\"reference-link webtrekk-track\" href=\"http://link.springer.com/search?dc.title=SiO&amp;facet-content-type=ReferenceWorkEntry&amp;sortOrder=relevance\">SiO</a><span class=\"a-plus-plus\">2</span><span>), whereas grey pumice clasts contain a lower percentage of phenocrysts/microphenocrysts (35&ndash;49%), have abundant microlites, and have less evolved groundmass glass compositions (69.4&ndash;73.8&nbsp;wt.%&nbsp;</span><a class=\"reference-link webtrekk-track\" href=\"http://link.springer.com/search?dc.title=SiO&amp;facet-content-type=ReferenceWorkEntry&amp;sortOrder=relevance\">SiO</a><span class=\"a-plus-plus\">2</span><span>). There is also evidence for crystal transfer between magma producing white and grey pumice. Thin highly evolved melt rims surround some fragmental crystals in grey pumice clasts and appear to have come from magma that produced white pumice. Furthermore, based on crystal compositions, white bands within banded pumice contain crystals originating in grey magma. Finally, only grey pumice clasts form breadcrusted surface textures. We interpret these compositional and textural variations to indicate distinct magma batches, where grey pumice originated from an originally deeper, more volatile-rich dacite recharge magma that ascended through and mingled with the volumetrically dominant, more highly crystalline chamber that produced white pumice. Shortly before eruption, the grey pumice magma stalled within shallow fractures, forming a vanguard magma phase whose ascent may have provided a trigger for eruption of the highly crystalline rhyodacite magma. We suggest that in the case of the Cerro Gal&aacute;n eruption, grey pumice provides evidence not only for cryptic silicic recharge in a large caldera system but also a probable trigger for the eruption.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00445-011-0525-5","issn":"02588900","usgsCitation":"Wright, H.M., Folkes, C.B., Cas, R.A., and Cashman, K., 2011, Heterogeneous pumice populations in the 2.08-Ma Cerro Galán Ignimbrite: Implications for magma recharge and ascent preceding a large-volume silicic eruption: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 73, no. 10, p. 1513-1533, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-011-0525-5.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"1513","endPage":"1533","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241735,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214048,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00445-011-0525-5"}],"country":"Argentina","otherGeospatial":"Cerro Galan Caldera","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -66.884765625,\n              -27.527758206861897\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.884765625,\n              -25.005972656239177\n            ],\n            [\n              -64.0283203125,\n              -25.005972656239177\n            ],\n            [\n              -64.0283203125,\n              -27.527758206861897\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.884765625,\n              -27.527758206861897\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"73","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-10-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a308ee4b0c8380cd5d743","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wright, Heather M. 0000-0001-9013-507X hwright@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9013-507X","contributorId":3949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Heather","email":"hwright@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":437566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Folkes, Christopher B.","contributorId":62032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Folkes","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cas, Ray A.F.","contributorId":44361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cas","given":"Ray","email":"","middleInitial":"A.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cashman, Katharine V.","contributorId":40097,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cashman","given":"Katharine V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70032543,"text":"70032543 - 2011 - Evidence for low-grade metamorphism, hydrothermal alteration, and diagenesis on Mars from phyllosilicate mineral assemblages","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-28T09:53:52","indexId":"70032543","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1245,"text":"Clays and Clay Minerals","onlineIssn":"1552-8367","printIssn":"0009-8604","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence for low-grade metamorphism, hydrothermal alteration, and diagenesis on Mars from phyllosilicate mineral assemblages","docAbstract":"<p>The enhanced spatial and spectral resolution provided by the Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM) on the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) has led to the discovery of numerous hydrated silicate minerals on Mars, particularly in the ancient, cratered crust comprising the southern highlands. Phases recently identified using visible/near-infrared spectra include: smectite, chlorite, prehnite, high-charge phyllosilicates (illite or muscovite), the zeolite analcime, opaline silica, and serpentine. Some mineral assemblages represent the products of aqueous alteration at elevated temperatures. Geologic occurrences of these mineral assemblages are described using examples from west of the Isidis basin near the Nili Fossae and with reference to differences in implied temperature, fluid composition, and starting materials during alteration. The alteration minerals are not distributed homogeneously. Rather, certain craters host distinctive alteration assemblages: (1) prehnite-chlorite-silica, (2) analcime-silica-Fe,Mg-smectite-chlorite, (3) chlorite-illite (muscovite), and (4) serpentine, which furthermore has been found in bedrock units. These assemblages contrast with the prevalence of solely Fe,Mg-smectites in most phyllosilicate-bearing terrains on Mars, and they represent materials altered at depth then exposed by cratering. Of the minerals found to date, prehnite provides the clearest evidence for subsurface, hydrothermal/metamorphic alteration, as it forms only under highly restricted conditions (<i>T</i> = 200–400ºC). Multiple mechanisms exist for forming the other individual minerals; however, the most likely formation mechanisms for the characteristic mineralogic assemblages observed are, for (1) and (2), low-grade metamorphism or hydrothermal (&lt;400ºC) circulation of fluids in basalt; for (3), transformation of trioctahedral smectites to chlorite and dioctahedral smectites to illite during diagenesis; and for (4), low-grade metamorphism or hydrothermal (&lt;400ºC) circulation of fluids in ultramafic rocks. Evidence for high-grade metamorphism at elevated pressures or temperatures &gt;400ºC has not been found.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Clay Minerals Society","doi":"10.1346/CCMN.2011.0590402","usgsCitation":"Ehlmann, B.L., Mustard, J., Clark, R.N., Swayze, G.A., and Murchie, S., 2011, Evidence for low-grade metamorphism, hydrothermal alteration, and diagenesis on Mars from phyllosilicate mineral assemblages: Clays and Clay Minerals, v. 59, no. 4, p. 359-377, https://doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.2011.0590402.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"359","endPage":"377","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241282,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"59","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d48e4b0c8380cd52f08","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ehlmann, Bethany L. 0000-0002-2745-3240","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2745-3240","contributorId":147154,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ehlmann","given":"Bethany","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":7218,"text":"California Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":436741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mustard, John F","contributorId":147770,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mustard","given":"John F","affiliations":[{"id":16929,"text":"Brown University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":436740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clark, Roger N. 0000-0002-7021-1220 rclark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7021-1220","contributorId":515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Roger","email":"rclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":436737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Swayze, Gregg A. 0000-0002-1814-7823 gswayze@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1814-7823","contributorId":518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swayze","given":"Gregg","email":"gswayze@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":436739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Murchie, Scott L.","contributorId":22615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murchie","given":"Scott L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70032705,"text":"70032705 - 2011 - The 16 May 1909 northern Great Plains earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-14T11:38:57","indexId":"70032705","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The 16 May 1909 northern Great Plains earthquake","docAbstract":"The largest historical earthquake in the northern Great Plains occurred on 16 May 1909. Our analysis of intensity assignments places the earthquake location (48.81° N, 105.38° W) close to the Montana–Saskatchewan border with an intensity magnitude MI of 5.3–5.4. Observations from two seismic observatories in Europe give an average Ms value of 5.3. The 1909 earthquake is near an alignment of epicenters of small earthquakes in Montana and Saskatchewan and on strike with the mapped Hinsdale fault in Montana. Thus, the 1909 earthquake may have occurred on a 300-km-long seismically active fault, which could have seismic-hazard implications for the region, particularly for the hydraulically emplaced earth-filled Fort Peck Dam, constructed in the 1930s on the Missouri River in northeast Montana.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","publisherLocation":"El Cerrito, CA","doi":"10.1785/0120110054","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Bakun, W.H., Stickney, M.C., and Rogers, G., 2011, The 16 May 1909 northern Great Plains earthquake: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 101, no. 6, p. 3065-3071, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120110054.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"3065","endPage":"3071","temporalStart":"1909-05-16","temporalEnd":"1909-05-16","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":214047,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120110054"},{"id":241734,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States;Canada","otherGeospatial":"Great Plains","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.17,28.16 ], [ -114.17,54.13 ], [ -95.56,54.13 ], [ -95.56,28.16 ], [ -114.17,28.16 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"101","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-12-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba615e4b08c986b320e9f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bakun, W. H.","contributorId":67055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bakun","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stickney, M. C.","contributorId":96227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stickney","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rogers, Gary C.","contributorId":41980,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rogers","given":"Gary C.","affiliations":[{"id":13092,"text":"Geological Survey of Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":437561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70032544,"text":"70032544 - 2011 - New insights from well responses to fluctuations in barometric pressure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:21","indexId":"70032544","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New insights from well responses to fluctuations in barometric pressure","docAbstract":"Hydrologists have long recognized that changes in barometric pressure can produce changes in water levels in wells. The barometric response function (BRF) has proven to be an effective means to characterize this relationship; we show here how it can also be utilized to glean valuable insights into semi-confined aquifer systems. The form of the BRF indicates the degree of aquifer confinement, while a comparison of BRFs between wells sheds light on hydrostratigraphic continuity. A new approach for estimating hydraulic properties of aquitards from BRFs has been developed and verified. The BRF is not an invariant characteristic of a well; in unconfined or semi-confined aquifers, it can change with conditions in the vadose zone. Field data from a long-term research site demonstrate the hydrostratigraphic insights that can be gained from monitoring water levels and barometric pressure. Such insights should be of value for a wide range of practical applications. ?? 2010 The Author(s). Journal compilation ?? 2010 National Ground Water Association.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00768.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Butler, J., Jin, W., Mohammed, G., and Reboulet, E., 2011, New insights from well responses to fluctuations in barometric pressure: Ground Water, v. 49, no. 4, p. 525-533, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00768.x.","startPage":"525","endPage":"533","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213637,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00768.x"},{"id":241283,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"49","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-11-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a65d8e4b0c8380cd72c62","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Butler, J.J.","contributorId":55605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butler","given":"J.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jin, W.","contributorId":27682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jin","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mohammed, G.A.","contributorId":108321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mohammed","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reboulet, E.C.","contributorId":13047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reboulet","given":"E.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70032548,"text":"70032548 - 2011 - Self-potential investigations of a gravel bar in a restored river corridor","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:21","indexId":"70032548","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1928,"text":"Hydrology and Earth System Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Self-potential investigations of a gravel bar in a restored river corridor","docAbstract":"Self-potentials (SP) are sensitive to water fluxes and concentration gradients in both saturated and unsaturated geological media, but quantitative interpretations of SP field data may often be hindered by the superposition of different source contributions and time-varying electrode potentials. Self-potential mapping and close to two months of SP monitoring on a gravel bar were performed to investigate the origins of SP signals at a restored river section of the Thur River in northeastern Switzerland. The SP mapping and subsequent inversion of the data indicate that the SP sources are mainly located in the upper few meters in regions of soil cover rather than bare gravel. Wavelet analyses of the time-series indicate a strong, but non-linear influence of water table and water content variations, as well as rainfall intensity on the recorded SP signals. Modeling of the SP response with respect to an increase in the water table elevation and precipitation indicate that the distribution of soil properties in the vadose zone has a very strong influence. We conclude that the observed SP responses on the gravel bar are more complicated than previously proposed semi-empiric relationships between SP signals and hydraulic head or the thickness of the vadose zone. We suggest that future SP monitoring in restored river corridors should either focus on quantifying vadose zone processes by installing vertical profiles of closely spaced SP electrodes or by installing the electrodes within the river to avoid signals arising from vadose zone processes and time-varying electrochemical conditions in the vicinity of the electrodes. ?? 2011 Author(s).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrology and Earth System Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.5194/hess-15-729-2011","issn":"10275606","usgsCitation":"Linde, N., Doetsch, J., Jougnot, D., Genoni, O., Durst, Y., Minsley, B., Vogt, T., Pasquale, N., and Luster, J., 2011, Self-potential investigations of a gravel bar in a restored river corridor: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, v. 15, no. 3, p. 729-742, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-729-2011.","startPage":"729","endPage":"742","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475085,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-729-2011","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":241348,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213695,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-729-2011"}],"volume":"15","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8d02e4b08c986b31821d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Linde, N.","contributorId":37545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Linde","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Doetsch, J.","contributorId":35131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doetsch","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jougnot, D.","contributorId":102697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jougnot","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Genoni, O.","contributorId":7918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Genoni","given":"O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Durst, Y.","contributorId":20989,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Durst","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Minsley, B. J.","contributorId":52107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minsley","given":"B. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Vogt, T.","contributorId":66925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogt","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Pasquale, N.","contributorId":43991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pasquale","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Luster, J.","contributorId":51101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luster","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70032549,"text":"70032549 - 2011 - Ontogenetic and diel variation in stream habitat use by brook trout (<i>Salvelinus fontinalis</i>) in a headwater stream","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-04T14:07:47","indexId":"70032549","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2299,"text":"Journal of Freshwater Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ontogenetic and diel variation in stream habitat use by brook trout (<i>Salvelinus fontinalis</i>) in a headwater stream","docAbstract":"Although considerable information exists on habitat use by stream salmonids, only a small portion has quantitatively examined diurnal and nocturnal habitat variation. We examined diel variation in habitat use by age-0 and age-1+ brook trout (<i>Salvelinus fontinalis</i>) during summer and autumn in a headwater stream in northern Pennsylvania. Habitat variables measured included cover, depth, substrate, and velocity. The most pronounced diel variation occurred in the use of cover during both seasons. Both age-0 brook trout and age-1+ trout were associated with less cover at night. Age-0 brook trout occupied swifter water during the day than at night during both seasons, but the difference was not significant. Increased cover, depth, and substrate size governed the habitat of age-1+ brook trout. Our findings support the need for a better understanding of diel differences in habitat use of stream salmonids when considering habitat enhancement and protection.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Freshwater Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","publisherLocation":"Philadelphia, PA","doi":"10.1080/02705060.2011.553948","issn":"02705060","usgsCitation":"Johnson, J.H., Ross, R.M., Dropkin, D.S., and Redell, L.A., 2011, Ontogenetic and diel variation in stream habitat use by brook trout (<i>Salvelinus fontinalis</i>) in a headwater stream: Journal of Freshwater Ecology, v. 26, no. 1, p. 143-152, https://doi.org/10.1080/02705060.2011.553948.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"143","endPage":"152","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475364,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02705060.2011.553948","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":213724,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02705060.2011.553948"},{"id":241380,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6e4de4b0c8380cd7559b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, J. H.","contributorId":54914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ross, R. M.","contributorId":39311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ross","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dropkin, D. S.","contributorId":87084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dropkin","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Redell, Lori A.","contributorId":66204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Redell","given":"Lori","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
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