{"pageNumber":"184","pageRowStart":"4575","pageSize":"25","recordCount":11004,"records":[{"id":70034438,"text":"70034438 - 2011 - Surface-water nutrient conditions and sources in the United States Pacific Northwest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-19T15:51:00","indexId":"70034438","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Surface-water nutrient conditions and sources in the United States Pacific Northwest","docAbstract":"The SPAtially Referenced Regressions On Watershed attributes (SPARROW) model was used to perform an assessment of surface-water nutrient conditions and to identify important nutrient sources in watersheds of the Pacific Northwest region of the United States (U.S.) for the year 2002. Our models included variables representing nutrient sources as well as landscape characteristics that affect nutrient delivery to streams. Annual nutrient yields were higher in watersheds on the wetter, west side of the Cascade Range compared to watersheds on the drier, east side. High nutrient enrichment (relative to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's recommended nutrient criteria) was estimated in watersheds throughout the region. Forest land was generally the largest source of total nitrogen stream load and geologic material was generally the largest source of total phosphorus stream load generated within the 12,039 modeled watersheds. These results reflected the prevalence of these two natural sources and the low input from other nutrient sources across the region. However, the combined input from agriculture, point sources, and developed land, rather than natural nutrient sources, was responsible for most of the nutrient load discharged from many of the largest watersheds. Our results provided an understanding of the regional patterns in surface-water nutrient conditions and should be useful to environmental managers in future water-quality planning efforts.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00580.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Wise, D., and Johnson, H., 2011, Surface-water nutrient conditions and sources in the United States Pacific Northwest: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 47, no. 5, p. 1110-1135, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00580.x.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"1110","endPage":"1135","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475401,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00580.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":244532,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216649,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00580.x"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.7857,41.99 ], [ -124.7857,49.0024 ], [ -111.04,49.0024 ], [ -111.04,41.99 ], [ -124.7857,41.99 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"47","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba16ee4b08c986b31f0a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wise, D.R.","contributorId":44762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wise","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, H.M. 0000-0002-7571-4994","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7571-4994","contributorId":75339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"H.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70034417,"text":"70034417 - 2011 - Coral skeletal carbon isotopes (δ13C and Δ14C) record the delivery of terrestrial carbon to the coastal waters of Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-21T15:05:57.965298","indexId":"70034417","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1338,"text":"Coral Reefs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coral skeletal carbon isotopes (δ13C and Δ14C) record the delivery of terrestrial carbon to the coastal waters of Puerto Rico","docAbstract":"

Tropical small mountainous rivers deliver a poorly quantified, but potentially significant, amount of carbon to the world’s oceans. However, few historical records of land–ocean carbon transfer exist for any region on Earth. Corals have the potential to provide such records, because they draw on dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) for calcification. In temperate systems, the stable- (δ13C) and radiocarbon (Δ14C) isotopes of coastal DIC are influenced by the δ13C and Δ14C of the DIC transported from adjacent rivers. A similar pattern should exist in tropical coastal DIC and hence coral skeletons. Here, δ13C and Δ14C measurements were made in a 56-year-old Montastraea faveolata coral growing ~1 km from the mouth of the Rio Fajardo in eastern Puerto Rico. Additionally, the δ13C and Δ14C values of the DIC of the Rio Fajardo and its adjacent coastal waters were measured during two wet and dry seasons. Three major findings were observed: (1) synchronous depletions of both δ13C and Δ14C in the coral skeleton are annually coherent with the timing of peak river discharge, (2) riverine DIC was always more depleted in δ13C and Δ14C than seawater DIC, and (3) the correlation of δ13C and Δ14C was the same in both coral skeleton and the DIC of the river and coastal waters. These results indicate that coral skeletal δ13C and Δ14C are recording the delivery of riverine DIC to the coastal ocean. Thus, coral records could be used to develop proxies of historical land–ocean carbon flux for many tropical regions. Such information could be invaluable for understanding the role of tropical land–ocean carbon flux in the context of land-use change and global climate change.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00338-011-0758-y","issn":"07224028","usgsCitation":"Moyer, R., and Grottoli, A., 2011, Coral skeletal carbon isotopes (δ13C and Δ14C) record the delivery of terrestrial carbon to the coastal waters of Puerto Rico: Coral Reefs, v. 30, no. 3, p. 791-802, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-011-0758-y.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"791","endPage":"802","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244661,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216773,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00338-011-0758-y"}],"country":"United States","state":"Puerto Rico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -67.412109375,\n 17.790535393588975\n ],\n [\n -67.412109375,\n 18.656654486540006\n ],\n [\n -65.5224609375,\n 18.656654486540006\n ],\n [\n -65.5224609375,\n 17.790535393588975\n ],\n [\n -67.412109375,\n 17.790535393588975\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"30","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-04-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fc0be4b0c8380cd4e0ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moyer, R.P.","contributorId":95839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moyer","given":"R.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grottoli, A.G.","contributorId":38811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grottoli","given":"A.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70034408,"text":"70034408 - 2011 - Superficial simplicity of the 2010 El Mayorg-Cucapah earthquake of Baja California in Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-21T16:29:24.219488","indexId":"70034408","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2845,"text":"Nature Geoscience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Superficial simplicity of the 2010 El Mayorg-Cucapah earthquake of Baja California in Mexico","docAbstract":"

The geometry of faults is usually thought to be more complicated at the surface than at depth and to control the initiation, propagation and arrest of seismic ruptures1,2,3,4,5,6. The fault system that runs from southern California into Mexico is a simple strike-slip boundary: the west side of California and Mexico moves northwards with respect to the east. However, the Mw 7.2 2010 El Mayor–Cucapah earthquake on this fault system produced a pattern of seismic waves that indicates a far more complex source than slip on a planar strike-slip fault7. Here we use geodetic, remote-sensing and seismological data to reconstruct the fault geometry and history of slip during this earthquake. We find that the earthquake produced a straight 120-km-long fault trace that cut through the Cucapah mountain range and across the Colorado River delta. However, at depth, the fault is made up of two different segments connected by a small extensional fault. Both segments strike N130° E, but dip in opposite directions. The earthquake was initiated on the connecting extensional fault and 15 s later ruptured the two main segments with dominantly strike-slip motion. We show that complexities in the fault geometry at depth explain well the complex pattern of radiated seismic waves. We conclude that the location and detailed characteristics of the earthquake could not have been anticipated on the basis of observations of surface geology alone.

","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/ngeo1213","issn":"17520894","usgsCitation":"Wei, S., Fielding, E., Leprince, S., Sladen, A., Avouac, J., Helmberger, D., Hauksson, E., Chu, R., Simons, M., Hudnut, K., Herring, T., and Briggs, R., 2011, Superficial simplicity of the 2010 El Mayorg-Cucapah earthquake of Baja California in Mexico: Nature Geoscience, v. 4, no. 9, p. 615-618, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1213.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"615","endPage":"618","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487959,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1213","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":244530,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216647,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1213"}],"country":"United States, Mexico","state":"California, Arizona","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.71899414062499,\n 32.20350534542368\n ],\n [\n -114.14794921875,\n 32.20350534542368\n ],\n [\n -114.14794921875,\n 33.54139466898275\n ],\n [\n -115.71899414062499,\n 33.54139466898275\n ],\n [\n -115.71899414062499,\n 32.20350534542368\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-07-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9f56e4b08c986b31e4e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wei, S.","contributorId":85416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wei","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fielding, E.","contributorId":51057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fielding","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leprince, S.","contributorId":70212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leprince","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sladen, A.","contributorId":9496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sladen","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Avouac, J.-P.","contributorId":91691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Avouac","given":"J.-P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Helmberger, D.","contributorId":34282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helmberger","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hauksson, E.","contributorId":10932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hauksson","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Chu, R.","contributorId":71416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chu","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Simons, M.","contributorId":14610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simons","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Hudnut, K.","contributorId":92439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hudnut","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Herring, T.","contributorId":83288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herring","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Briggs, R.","contributorId":42061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70034382,"text":"70034382 - 2011 - Controls on large landslide distribution and implications for the geomorphic evolution of the southern interior Columbia River basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-22T12:00:12.727323","indexId":"70034382","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Controls on large landslide distribution and implications for the geomorphic evolution of the southern interior Columbia River basin","docAbstract":"

Large landslides (>0.1 km2) are important agents of geomorphic change. While most common in rugged mountain ranges, large landslides can also be widespread in relatively low-relief (several 100 m) terrain, where their distribution has been relatively little studied. A fuller understanding of the role of large landslides in landscape evolution requires addressing this gap, since the distribution of large landslides may affect broad regions through interactions with channel processes, and since the dominant controls on landslide distribution might be expected to vary with tectonic setting. We documented >400 landslides between 0.1 and ∼40 km2 across ∼140,000 km2 of eastern Oregon, in the semiarid, southern interior Columbia River basin. The mapped landslides cluster in a NW-SE–trending band that is 50–100 km wide. Landslides predominantly occur where even modest local relief (∼100 m) exists near key contacts between weak sedimentary or volcaniclastic rock and coherent cap rock. Fault density exerts no control on landslide distribution, while ∼10% of mapped landslides cluster within 3–10 km of mapped fold axes. Landslide occurrence is curtailed to the NE by thick packages of coherent basalt and to the SW by limited local relief. Our results suggest that future mass movements will localize in areas stratigraphically preconditioned for landsliding by a geologic history of fluviolacustrine and volcaniclastic sedimentation and episodic capping by coherent lava flows. In such areas, episodic landsliding may persist for hundreds of thousands of years or more, producing valley wall slopes of ∼7°–13° and impacting local channels with an evolving array of mass movement styles.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America.","doi":"10.1130/B30061.1","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Safran, E., Anderson, S., Mills-Novoa, M., House, P., and Ely, L., 2011, Controls on large landslide distribution and implications for the geomorphic evolution of the southern interior Columbia River basin: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 123, no. 9-10, p. 1851-1862, https://doi.org/10.1130/B30061.1.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1851","endPage":"1862","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244625,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Southern interior Columbia River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.00488281250001,\n 41.983994270935625\n ],\n [\n -115.15869140624999,\n 42.52069952914966\n ],\n [\n -116.52099609375,\n 43.40504748787035\n ],\n [\n -117.44384765625,\n 44.69989765840318\n ],\n [\n -120.08056640625,\n 45.583289756006316\n ],\n [\n -121.75048828124999,\n 44.88701247981298\n ],\n [\n -121.92626953124999,\n 43.929549935614595\n ],\n [\n -121.728515625,\n 41.983994270935625\n ],\n [\n -115.00488281250001,\n 41.983994270935625\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"123","issue":"9-10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fbd0e4b0c8380cd4df9b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Safran, E.B.","contributorId":76970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Safran","given":"E.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, S.W.","contributorId":25628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"S.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mills-Novoa, M.","contributorId":33143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mills-Novoa","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"House, P.K.","contributorId":25755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"House","given":"P.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ely, L.","contributorId":105944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ely","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70034365,"text":"70034365 - 2011 - Understory response to varying fire frequencies after 20 years of prescribed burning in an upland oak forest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-21T20:16:08.618579","indexId":"70034365","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3086,"text":"Plant Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Understory response to varying fire frequencies after 20 years of prescribed burning in an upland oak forest","docAbstract":"

Ecosystems in the eastern United States that were shaped by fire over thousands of years of anthropogenic burning recently have been subjected to fire suppression resulting in significant changes in vegetation composition and structure and encroachment by invasive species. Renewed interest in use of fire to manage such ecosystems will require knowledge of effects of fire regime on vegetation. We studied the effects of one aspect of the fire regime, fire frequency, on biomass, cover and diversity of understory vegetation in upland oak forests prescribe-burned for 20 years at different frequencies ranging from zero to five fires per decade. Overstory canopy closure ranged from 88 to 96% and was not affected by fire frequency indicating high tolerance of large trees for even the most frequent burning. Understory species richness and cover was dominated by woody reproduction followed in descending order by forbs, C3 graminoids, C4 grasses, and legumes. Woody plant understory cover did not change with fire frequency and increased 30% from one to three years after a burn. Both forbs and C3 graminoids showed a linear increase in species richness and cover as fire frequency increased. In contrast, C4 grasses and legumes did not show a response to fire frequency. The reduction of litter by fire may have encouraged regeneration of herbaceous plants and helped explain the positive response of forbs and C3 graminoids to increasing fire frequency. Our results showed that herbaceous biomass, cover, and diversity can be managed with long-term prescribed fire under the closed canopy of upland oak forests.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Link","doi":"10.1007/s11258-011-9926-y","issn":"13850237","usgsCitation":"Burton, J., Hallgren, S., Fuhlendorf, S., and Leslie, D., 2011, Understory response to varying fire frequencies after 20 years of prescribed burning in an upland oak forest: Plant Ecology, v. 212, no. 9, p. 1513-1525, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-011-9926-y.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1513","endPage":"1525","ipdsId":"IP-028642","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244851,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216949,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11258-011-9926-y"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklamoha","otherGeospatial":"Okmulgee Game Management 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\"}}]}","volume":"212","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbc62e4b08c986b328bcd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burton, J.A.","contributorId":41205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burton","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hallgren, S.W.","contributorId":97742,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hallgren","given":"S.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fuhlendorf, S.D.","contributorId":69353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuhlendorf","given":"S.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Leslie, David M. Jr.","contributorId":52514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leslie","given":"David M.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70034284,"text":"70034284 - 2011 - The remarkable occurrence of large rainfall-induced debris flows at two different locations on July 12, 2008, Southern Sierra Nevada, CA, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-26T15:01:50.692922","indexId":"70034284","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2604,"text":"Landslides","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The remarkable occurrence of large rainfall-induced debris flows at two different locations on July 12, 2008, Southern Sierra Nevada, CA, USA","docAbstract":"

On July 12, 2008, two convective cells about 155 km apart produced a brief period of intense rainfall triggering large debris flows in the southern Sierra Nevada. The northernmost cell was centered over Oak Creek Canyon, an east-flowing drainage, and its tributaries near Independence, CA, USA. About 5:00 P.M., debris flows passed down the South Fork and North Fork of Oak Creek to merge into a large single feature whose passage affected the historic Mt. Whitney Fish hatchery and blocked California State Highway 395. At about the same time, the southernmost cell was largely centered over Erskine Creek, a main tributary of the west-flowing Kern River. Debris flows issued from several branches to coalesce into a large debris flow that passed along Erskine Creek, through the town of Lake Isabella, CA, USA and into the Kern River. It was observed reaching Lake Isabella about 6:30 P.M. Both debris flows caused significant disruption and damage to local communities.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Link","doi":"10.1007/s10346-010-0245-5","issn":"1612510X","usgsCitation":"DeGraff, J., Wagner, D., Gallegos, A., DeRose, M., Shannon, C., and Ellsworth, T., 2011, The remarkable occurrence of large rainfall-induced debris flows at two different locations on July 12, 2008, Southern Sierra Nevada, CA, USA: Landslides, v. 8, no. 3, p. 343-353, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-010-0245-5.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"343","endPage":"353","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244555,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216670,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10346-010-0245-5"}],"country":"United 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Everglades","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-17T11:22:00","indexId":"70034273","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1905,"text":"Holocene","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Native Americans, regional drought and tree Island evolution in the Florida Everglades","docAbstract":"This study uses palynologic data to determine the effects of regional climate variability and human activity on the formation and development of tree islands during the last ~4000 years. Although prolonged periods of aridity have been invoked as one mechanism for their formation, Native American land use has also been hypothesized as a driver of tree island development. Using pollen assemblages from head and near tail sediments collected on two tree islands and documented archeological data, the relative roles of Native Americans, climate variability, and recent water-management practices in forming and structuring Everglades tree islands are examined. The timing of changes recorded in the pollen record indicates that tree islands developed from sawgrass marshes ~3800 cal. yr BP, prior to human occupation. Major tree island expansion, recorded near tail sediments, occurred ~1000 years after initial tree island formation. Comparison of the timing of pollen assemblages with other proxy records indicates that tree island expansion is related to regional and global aridity correlated with southward migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone. Local fire associated with droughts may also have influenced tree island expansion. This work suggests that Native American occupation did not significantly influence tree island formation and that the most important factors governing tree island expansion are extreme hydrologic events due to droughts and intense twentieth century water management.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Holocene","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"SAGE Publications","publisherLocation":"Thousand Oaks, CA","doi":"10.1177/0959683611400204","issn":"09596836","usgsCitation":"Bernhardt, C., 2011, Native Americans, regional drought and tree Island evolution in the Florida Everglades: Holocene, v. 21, no. 6, p. 967-978, https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683611400204.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"967","endPage":"978","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":146,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Eastern Region","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":216522,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683611400204"},{"id":244399,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Florida Everglades","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 81.0,25.0 ], [ 81.0,27.0 ], [ 80.0,27.0 ], [ 80.0,25.0 ], [ 81.0,25.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"21","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-04-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a62a2e4b0c8380cd72024","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bernhardt, C. 0000-0003-0082-4731","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0082-4731","contributorId":104307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bernhardt","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70034254,"text":"70034254 - 2011 - Factors affecting stream nutrient loads: A synthesis of regional SPARROW model results for the continental United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-18T13:39:52","indexId":"70034254","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Factors affecting stream nutrient loads: A synthesis of regional SPARROW model results for the continental United States","docAbstract":"

We compared the results of 12 recently calibrated regional SPARROW (SPAtially Referenced Regressions On Watershed attributes) models covering most of the continental United States to evaluate the consistency and regional differences in factors affecting stream nutrient loads. The models – 6 for total nitrogen and 6 for total phosphorus – all provide similar levels of prediction accuracy, but those for major river basins in the eastern half of the country were somewhat more accurate. The models simulate long‐term mean annual stream nutrient loads as a function of a wide range of known sources and climatic (precipitation, temperature), landscape (e.g., soils, geology), and aquatic factors affecting nutrient fate and transport. The results confirm the dominant effects of urban and agricultural sources on stream nutrient loads nationally and regionally, but reveal considerable spatial variability in the specific types of sources that control water quality. These include regional differences in the relative importance of different types of urban (municipal and industrial point vs. diffuse urban runoff) and agriculture (crop cultivation vs. animal waste) sources, as well as the effects of atmospheric deposition, mining, and background (e.g., soil phosphorus) sources on stream nutrients. Overall, we found that the SPARROW model results provide a consistent set of information for identifying the major sources and environmental factors affecting nutrient fate and transport in United States watersheds at regional and subregional scales.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00577.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Preston, S.D., Alexander, R.B., Schwarz, G., and Crawford, C.G., 2011, Factors affecting stream nutrient loads: A synthesis of regional SPARROW model results for the continental United States: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 47, no. 5, p. 891-915, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00577.x.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"891","endPage":"915","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-017231","costCenters":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475304,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00577.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":244585,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216699,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00577.x"}],"volume":"47","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0e95e4b0c8380cd5351d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Preston, Stephen D. 0000-0003-1515-6692 spreston@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1515-6692","contributorId":1463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Preston","given":"Stephen","email":"spreston@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":444919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Alexander, Richard B. 0000-0001-9166-0626 ralex@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9166-0626","contributorId":541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alexander","given":"Richard","email":"ralex@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":444920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schwarz, Gregory E. 0000-0002-9239-4566 gschwarz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9239-4566","contributorId":543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwarz","given":"Gregory E.","email":"gschwarz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5067,"text":"Northeast Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":444918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Crawford, Charles G. 0000-0003-1653-7841 cgcrawfo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1653-7841","contributorId":1064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crawford","given":"Charles","email":"cgcrawfo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":444917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70034249,"text":"70034249 - 2011 - Early Mesozoic paleogeography and tectonic evolution of the western United States: Insights from detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology, Blue Mountains Province, northeastern Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:46","indexId":"70034249","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Early Mesozoic paleogeography and tectonic evolution of the western United States: Insights from detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology, Blue Mountains Province, northeastern Oregon","docAbstract":"This study assesses early Mesozoic provenance linkages and paleogeographic-tectonic models for the western United States based on new petrographic and detrital zircon data from Triassic and Jurassic sandstones of the \"Izee\" and Olds Ferry terranes of the Blue Mountains Province, northeastern Oregon. Triassic sediments were likely derived from the Baker terrane offshore accretionary subduction complex and are dominated by Late Archean (ca. 2.7-2.5 Ga), Late Paleoproterozoic (ca. 2.2-1.6 Ga), and Paleozoic (ca. 380-255 Ma) detrital zircon grains. These detrital ages suggest that portions of the Baker terrane have a genetic affinity with other Cordilleran accretionary subduction complexes of the western United States, including those in the Northern Sierra and Eastern Klamath terranes. The abundance of Precambrian grains in detritus derived from an offshore complex highlights the importance of sediment reworking. Jurassic sediments are dominated by Mesozoic detrital ages (ca. 230-160 Ma), contain significant amounts of Paleozoic (ca. 290, 380-350, 480-415 Ma), Neoproterozoic (ca. 675-575 Ma), and Mesoproterozoic grains (ca. 1.4-1.0 Ga), and have lesser quantities of Late Paleoproterozoic grains (ca. 2.1-1.7 Ga). Detrital zircon ages in Jurassic sediments closely resemble well-documented age distributions in transcontinental sands of Ouachita-Appalachian provenance that were transported across the southwestern United States and modified by input from cratonal, miogeoclinal, and Cordilleran-arc sources during Triassic and Jurassic time. Jurassic sediments likely were derived from the Cordilleran arc and an orogenic highland in Nevada that yielded recycled sand from uplifted Triassic backarc basin deposits. Our data suggest that numerous Jurassic Cordilleran basins formed close to the Cordilleran margin and support a model for moderate post-Jurassic translation (~400 km) of the Blue Mountains Province. ?? 2011 Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/B30260.1","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"LaMaskin, T.A., Vervoort, J., Dorsey, R., and Wright, J., 2011, Early Mesozoic paleogeography and tectonic evolution of the western United States: Insights from detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology, Blue Mountains Province, northeastern Oregon: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 123, no. 9-10, p. 1939-1965, https://doi.org/10.1130/B30260.1.","startPage":"1939","endPage":"1965","numberOfPages":"27","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216638,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/B30260.1"},{"id":244520,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"123","issue":"9-10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-04-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0478e4b0c8380cd509e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"LaMaskin, Todd A.","contributorId":105558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaMaskin","given":"Todd","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vervoort, J.D.","contributorId":98126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vervoort","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dorsey, R.J.","contributorId":45115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorsey","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wright, J.E.","contributorId":52575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70034100,"text":"70034100 - 2011 - 8 March 2010 Elazığ-Kovancilar (Turkey) Earthquake: observations on ground motions and building damage","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-31T10:49:13","indexId":"70034100","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"8 March 2010 Elazığ-Kovancilar (Turkey) Earthquake: observations on ground motions and building damage","docAbstract":"

An earthquake of MW = 6.1 occurred in the Elazığ region of eastern Turkey on 8 March 2010 at 02:32:34 UTC. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) reported the epicenter of the earthquake as 38.873°N-39.981°E with a focal depth of 12 km. Forty-two people lost their lives and 137 were injured during the event. The earthquake was reported to be on the left-lateral strike-slip east Anatolian fault (EAF), which is one of the two major active fault systems in Turkey. Teams from the Earthquake Engineering Research Center of the Middle East Technical University (EERC-METU) visited the earthquake area in the aftermath of the mainshock. Their reconnaissance observations were combined with interpretations of recorded ground motions for completeness. This article summarizes observations on building and ground damage in the area and provides a discussion of the recorded motions. No significant observations in terms of geotechnical engineering were made.

","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/gssrl.82.1.42","issn":"08950695","usgsCitation":"Akkar, S., Aldemir, A., Askan, A., Bakir, S., Canbay, E., Demirel, I., Erberik, M., Gulerce, Z., Gulkan, P., Kalkan, E., Prakash, S., Sandikkaya, M., Sevilgen, V., Ugurhan, B., and Yenier, E., 2011, 8 March 2010 Elazığ-Kovancilar (Turkey) Earthquake: observations on ground motions and building damage: Seismological Research Letters, v. 82, no. 1, p. 42-58, https://doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.82.1.42.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"42","endPage":"58","numberOfPages":"17","ipdsId":"IP-022787","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487169,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11511/40896","text":"External Repository"},{"id":244767,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216869,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.82.1.42"}],"country":"Turkey","volume":"82","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e26de4b0c8380cd45b8e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Akkar, Sinan","contributorId":39175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Akkar","given":"Sinan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aldemir, A.","contributorId":87002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aldemir","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Askan, A.","contributorId":70623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Askan","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bakir, S.","contributorId":82158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bakir","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Canbay, E.","contributorId":35568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Canbay","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Demirel, I.O.","contributorId":62435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Demirel","given":"I.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Erberik, M.A.","contributorId":59653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erberik","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Gulerce, Z.","contributorId":13837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gulerce","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Gulkan, Polat","contributorId":78532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gulkan","given":"Polat","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Kalkan, Erol 0000-0002-9138-9407 ekalkan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9138-9407","contributorId":1218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kalkan","given":"Erol","email":"ekalkan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":444079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Prakash, S.","contributorId":68992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prakash","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Sandikkaya, M.A.","contributorId":29669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandikkaya","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Sevilgen, V.","contributorId":79714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sevilgen","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Ugurhan, B.","contributorId":56882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ugurhan","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Yenier, E.","contributorId":64063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yenier","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}} ,{"id":70034088,"text":"70034088 - 2011 - Long-term increases in young-of-the-year growth of Arctic cisco Coregonus autumnalis and environmental influences","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-08T17:56:48.139145","indexId":"70034088","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2285,"text":"Journal of Fish Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-term increases in young-of-the-year growth of Arctic cisco Coregonus autumnalis and environmental influences","docAbstract":"

Arctic cisco Coregonus autumnalis young‐of‐year (YOY) growth was used as a proxy to examine the long‐term response of a high‐latitude fish population to changing climate from 1978 to 2004. YOY growth increased over time (r2 = 0·29) and was correlated with monthly averages of the Arctic oscillation index, air temperature, east wind speed, sea‐ice concentration and river discharge with and without time lags. Overall, the most prevalent correlates to YOY growth were sea‐ice concentration lagged 1 year (significant correlations in 7 months; r2 = 0·14–0·31) and Mackenzie River discharge lagged 2 years (significant correlations in 8 months; r2 = 0·13–0·50). The results suggest that decreased sea‐ice concentrations and increased river discharge fuel primary production and that life cycles of prey species linking increased primary production to fish growth are responsible for the time lag. Oceanographic studies also suggest that sea ice concentration and fluvial inputs from the Mackenzie River are key factors influencing productivity in the Beaufort Sea. Future research should assess the possible mechanism relating sea ice concentration and river discharge to productivity at upper trophic levels.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1095-8649.2010.02832.x","issn":"00221112","usgsCitation":"von Biela, V.R., Zimmerman, C.E., and Moulton, L., 2011, Long-term increases in young-of-the-year growth of Arctic cisco Coregonus autumnalis and environmental influences: Journal of Fish Biology, v. 78, no. 1, p. 39-56, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2010.02832.x.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"39","endPage":"56","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244573,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216688,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2010.02832.x"}],"country":"United States, Canada","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Mackenzie River, Beaufort Sea and the collection location in Nuiqsut, Alaska, along the Colville River.","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -165.9375,\n 55.87531083569679\n ],\n [\n -117.24609374999999,\n 55.87531083569679\n ],\n [\n -117.24609374999999,\n 71.63599288330609\n ],\n [\n -165.9375,\n 71.63599288330609\n ],\n [\n -165.9375,\n 55.87531083569679\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"78","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4997e4b0c8380cd6873f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"von Biela, Vanessa R. 0000-0002-7139-5981 vvonbiela@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7139-5981","contributorId":3104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"von Biela","given":"Vanessa","email":"vvonbiela@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":444020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zimmerman, Christian E. 0000-0002-3646-0688 czimmerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3646-0688","contributorId":410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Christian","email":"czimmerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":444019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moulton, L.L.","contributorId":8907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moulton","given":"L.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70034070,"text":"70034070 - 2011 - Viruses and bacteria in karst and fractured rock aquifers in east Tennessee, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-04T11:00:49","indexId":"70034070","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Viruses and bacteria in karst and fractured rock aquifers in east Tennessee, USA","docAbstract":"

A survey of enteric viruses and indicator bacteria was carried out in eight community water supply sources (four wells and four springs) in East Tennessee. Seven sites derived their water from carbonate aquifers and one from fractured sandstone. Four of the sites were deemed \"low-risk\" based on prior monitoring of fecal indicators and factors such as presence of thick layers of overlying sediments. The remaining sites were deemed \"high-risk.\" Enteric viruses (enterovirus and reovirus) were detected by cell culture at least once in seven of the eight wells or springs including all but one of the four low-risk sites. Viral RNA, however, was not detected in any of the samples by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Conventional indicators of microbial contamination (Escherichia coli and total coliform bacteria) were detected together with culturable viruses in seven of nine virus positive samples. Bacteroides, an alternative fecal indicator which has not previously been used in groundwater investigations, was also detected in all but one of the samples containing E. coli or total coliform bacteria, as well as in one sample where viruses were present in the absence of other bacterial indicators. The study highlights some of the challenges involved in surveys of virus occurrence and indicates that culturable enteric viruses in East Tennessee karst aquifers may be more widespread than previously observed in studies of karst aquifers in Pennsylvania (8%), the Ozark region of Missouri (< 1%), or several other states covered in a national microbial water quality survey conducted by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (43%). Copyright ?? 2010 The Author(s). Journal compilation ?? 2010 National Ground Water Association.

","largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00698.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Johnson, T., McKay, L., Layton, A., Jones, S., Johnson, G., Cashdollar, J., Dahling, D., Villegas, L., Fout, G., Williams, D., and Sayler, G., 2011, Viruses and bacteria in karst and fractured rock aquifers in east Tennessee, USA: Ground Water, v. 49, no. 1, p. 98-110, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00698.x.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"98","endPage":"110","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-012916","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244800,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216901,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00698.x"}],"volume":"49","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc27fe4b08c986b32ab98","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, T.B.","contributorId":21490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"T.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKay, L.D.","contributorId":10185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKay","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Layton, A.C.","contributorId":18205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Layton","given":"A.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jones, S.W.","contributorId":102299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"S.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Johnson, G.C.","contributorId":14450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"G.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cashdollar, J.L.","contributorId":54043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cashdollar","given":"J.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dahling, D.R.","contributorId":43163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dahling","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Villegas, L.F.","contributorId":34747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Villegas","given":"L.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Fout, G.S.","contributorId":88146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fout","given":"G.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Williams, D.E.","contributorId":67179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Sayler, G.","contributorId":72231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sayler","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70034024,"text":"70034024 - 2011 - Revised correlation of Silurian Provincial Series of North America with global and regional chronostratigraphic units and δ13Ccarb chemostratigraphy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-16T10:51:06","indexId":"70034024","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2614,"text":"Lethaia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Revised correlation of Silurian Provincial Series of North America with global and regional chronostratigraphic units and δ13Ccarb chemostratigraphy","docAbstract":"Recent revisions to the biostratigraphic and chronostratigraphic assignment of strata from the type area of the Niagaran Provincial Series (a regional chronostratigraphic unit) have demonstrated the need to revise the chronostratigraphic correlation of the Silurian System of North America. Recently, the working group to restudy the base of the Wenlock Series has developed an extremely high-resolution global chronostratigraphy for the Telychian and Sheinwoodian stages by integrating graptolite and conodont biostratigraphy with carbonate carbon isotope (??13Ccarb) chemostratigraphy. This improved global chronostratigraphy has required such significant chronostratigraphic revisions to the North American succession that much of the Silurian System in North America is currently in a state of flux and needs further refinement. This report serves as an update of the progress on recalibrating the global chronostratigraphic correlation of North American Provincial Series and Stage boundaries in their type area. The revised North American classification is correlated with global series and stages as well as regional classifications used in the United Kingdom, the East Baltic, Australia, China, the Barrandian, and Altaj. Twenty-four potential stage slices, based primarily on graptolite and conodont zones and correlated to the global series and stages, are illustrated alongside a new composite ??13Ccarb curve for the Silurian. Conodont, graptolite, isotope, New York, Ontario, series, Silurian, stage. ?? 2010 The Authors, Journal compilation ?? 2010 The Lethaia Foundation.","language":"English","publisher":"Lethia Foundation","doi":"10.1111/j.1502-3931.2010.00234.x","issn":"00241164","usgsCitation":"Cramer, B., Brett, C., Melchin, M.J., Mannik, P., Kleffner, M.A., McLaughlin, P.I., Loydell, D.K., Munnecke, A., Jeppsson, L., Corradini, C., Brunton, F.R., and Saltzman, M.R., 2011, Revised correlation of Silurian Provincial Series of North America with global and regional chronostratigraphic units and δ13Ccarb chemostratigraphy: Lethaia, v. 44, no. 2, p. 185-202, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3931.2010.00234.x.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"185","endPage":"202","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244602,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216716,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3931.2010.00234.x"}],"otherGeospatial":"North America","volume":"44","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aacb9e4b0c8380cd86db6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cramer, Bradley D.","contributorId":51562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cramer","given":"Bradley D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brett, Carlton E.","contributorId":25988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brett","given":"Carlton E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Melchin, Michael J.","contributorId":86125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melchin","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mannik, Peep","contributorId":94066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mannik","given":"Peep","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kleffner, Mark A.","contributorId":101915,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kleffner","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McLaughlin, Patrick I.","contributorId":105165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLaughlin","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Loydell, David K.","contributorId":16189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loydell","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Munnecke, Axel","contributorId":96923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munnecke","given":"Axel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Jeppsson, Lennart","contributorId":59273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jeppsson","given":"Lennart","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Corradini, Carlo","contributorId":78171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corradini","given":"Carlo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Brunton, Frank R.","contributorId":12715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brunton","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Saltzman, Matthew R.","contributorId":41667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saltzman","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70033930,"text":"70033930 - 2011 - Nest success of grassland sparrows on reclaimed surface mines","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:32","indexId":"70033930","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nest success of grassland sparrows on reclaimed surface mines","docAbstract":"Grasslands resulting from surface mine reclamation support grassland songbird populations in several midwestern and eastern states in the United States, especially where reclaimed mines are large (>1,000ha). However, most reclaimed surface mines in Pennsylvania are small (<200ha), and nest success is unknown. We evaluated nest success of grasshopper (Ammodramus savannarum), Henslow's (A. henslowii), and Savannah sparrows (Passerculus sandwichensis) on 4 reclaimed surface mines (50-180ha) in western Pennsylvania, USA from 2006 to 2007. Overall nest success based on mean covariate values was 0.435 (95% CI = 0.376-0.504) for grasshopper sparrows, 0.396 (95% CI = 0.295-0.533) for Henslow's sparrows, and 0.158 (95% CI = 0.063-0.392) for Savannah sparrows. These estimates of nest success are comparable to those on larger reclaimed mines and other habitats. Grasshopper and Henslow's sparrow nests that were well concealed were less likely to fail than highly visible nests (??visible = -0.028, CI = -0.051 to -0.005 for grasshopper sparrows; ??visible = -0.063, CI = -0.112 to -0.014 for Henslow's sparrows), and nests in areas with surrounding deep litter were more likely to fail than nests in areas with shallow litter (??litterD = -0.145, CI = -0.335 to 0.045 for grasshopper sparrows; ??litterD = -0.676, CI = -1.187 to -0.116 for Henslow's sparrows). Savannah sparrow nests in areas with high visual obstruction by vegetation were less likely to fail than nests in areas with sparse and short vegetation (??VisOb = 0.048, CI = 0.006-0.091). Daily probability of survival for grasshopper sparrow nests was greatest early and late in the breeding season, and Savannah sparrow nest survival followed a decreasing linear trend. Nest survival of Henslow's sparrows was greater on warm days (??temp = 0.197, CI = 0.014-0.379), whereas for Savannah sparrows nest survival decreased on warm days and on days with rain, but for Savannah sparrows confidence intervals of weather effects included zero (??temp = -0.098, CI = -0.246 to 0.050; ??rain = 3.13, CI = -14.19 to 20.45). We suggest that small reclaimed surface mine grasslands can provide valuable nesting habitat and could be important to the conservation of grassland bird populations. Because nest success can increase in the latter part of the nesting season, agricultural disturbances or management activities in mid- to late summer could adversely affect reproductive success. ?? 2011 The Wildlife Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.70","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Stauffer, G., Diefenbach, D., Marshall, M., and Brauning, D., 2011, Nest success of grassland sparrows on reclaimed surface mines: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 75, no. 3, p. 548-557, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.70.","startPage":"548","endPage":"557","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242044,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214327,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.70"}],"volume":"75","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6486e4b0c8380cd729f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stauffer, G.E.","contributorId":59253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stauffer","given":"G.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Diefenbach, Duane R. 0000-0001-5111-1147","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5111-1147","contributorId":106592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diefenbach","given":"Duane R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marshall, M.R.","contributorId":82427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marshall","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brauning, D.W.","contributorId":45129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brauning","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70033900,"text":"70033900 - 2011 - Effects of human-induced alteration of groundwater flow on concentrations of naturally-occurring trace elements at water-supply wells","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-11T12:11:46","indexId":"70033900","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of human-induced alteration of groundwater flow on concentrations of naturally-occurring trace elements at water-supply wells","docAbstract":"The effects of human-induced alteration of groundwater flow patterns on concentrations of naturally-occurring trace elements were examined in five hydrologically distinct aquifer systems in the USA. Although naturally occurring, these trace elements can exceed concentrations that are considered harmful to human health. The results show that pumping-induced hydraulic gradient changes and artificial connection of aquifers by well screens can mix chemically distinct groundwater. Chemical reactions between these mixed groundwaters and solid aquifer materials can result in the mobilization of trace elements such as U, As and Ra, with subsequent transport to water-supply wells. For example, in the High Plains aquifer near York, Nebraska, mixing of shallow, oxygenated, lower-pH water from an unconfined aquifer with deeper, confined, anoxic, higher-pH water is facilitated by wells screened across both aquifers. The resulting higher-O2, lower-pH mixed groundwater facilitated the mobilization of U from solid aquifer materials, and dissolved U concentrations were observed to increase significantly in nearby supply wells. Similar instances of trace element mobilization due to human-induced mixing of groundwaters were documented in: (1) the Floridan aquifer system near Tampa, Florida (As and U), (2) Paleozoic sedimentary aquifers in eastern Wisconsin (As), (3) the basin-fill aquifer underlying the California Central Valley near Modesto (U), and (4) Coastal Plain aquifers of New Jersey (Ra). Adverse water-quality impacts attributed to human activities are commonly assumed to be related solely to the release of the various anthropogenic contaminants to the environment. The results show that human activities including various land uses, well drilling, and pumping rates and volumes can adversely impact the quality of water in supply wells, when associated with naturally-occurring trace elements in aquifer materials. This occurs by causing subtle but significant changes in geochemistry and associated trace element mobilization as well as enhancing advective transport processes.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.01.033","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Ayotte, J., Szabo, Z., Focazio, M., and Eberts, S.M., 2011, Effects of human-induced alteration of groundwater flow on concentrations of naturally-occurring trace elements at water-supply wells: Applied Geochemistry, v. 26, no. 5, p. 747-762, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.01.033.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"747","endPage":"762","costCenters":[{"id":468,"text":"New Hampshire-Vermont Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475382,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.01.033","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":242074,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -126.21093749999999,\n 49.49667452747045\n ],\n [\n -124.98046874999999,\n 46.07323062540835\n ],\n [\n -125.68359374999999,\n 42.032974332441405\n ],\n [\n -125.33203125,\n 39.232253141714885\n ],\n [\n -122.87109375,\n 36.1733569352216\n ],\n [\n -119.53125,\n 33.43144133557529\n ],\n [\n -116.3671875,\n 32.69486597787505\n ],\n [\n -111.4453125,\n 31.50362930577303\n ],\n [\n -106.875,\n 31.653381399664\n ],\n [\n -95.97656249999999,\n 25.005972656239187\n ],\n [\n -95.625,\n 27.68352808378776\n ],\n [\n -92.98828125,\n 29.38217507514529\n ],\n [\n -88.59374999999999,\n 28.613459424004414\n ],\n [\n -88.24218749999999,\n 29.84064389983441\n ],\n [\n -84.90234375,\n 28.613459424004414\n ],\n [\n -80.68359375,\n 24.046463999666567\n ],\n [\n -79.1015625,\n 25.48295117535531\n ],\n [\n -78.92578124999999,\n 30.751277776257812\n ],\n [\n -76.46484375,\n 34.59704151614417\n ],\n [\n -74.70703125,\n 37.020098201368114\n ],\n [\n -73.30078125,\n 38.8225909761771\n ],\n [\n -70.48828125,\n 40.84706035607122\n ],\n [\n -67.5,\n 43.83452678223682\n ],\n [\n -67.5,\n 47.27922900257082\n ],\n [\n -69.78515625,\n 47.27922900257082\n ],\n [\n -75.76171875,\n 45.82879925192134\n ],\n [\n -81.73828125,\n 42.16340342422401\n ],\n [\n -80.85937499999999,\n 45.089035564831036\n ],\n [\n -84.19921875,\n 46.92025531537451\n ],\n [\n -93.8671875,\n 49.38237278700955\n ],\n [\n -126.21093749999999,\n 49.49667452747045\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"26","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a071ae4b0c8380cd51569","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ayotte, J. D.","contributorId":96667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ayotte","given":"J. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Szabo, Z. 0000-0002-0760-9607","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0760-9607","contributorId":44302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Szabo","given":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Focazio, M. J.","contributorId":62997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Focazio","given":"M. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eberts, S. M.","contributorId":28276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eberts","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70032453,"text":"70032453 - 2011 - Reassessment of stable continental regions of Southeast Asia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:21","indexId":"70032453","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reassessment of stable continental regions of Southeast Asia","docAbstract":"Probabilistic seismic-hazard assessments of the central and eastern United States (CEUS) require estimates of the size of the largest possible earthquake (Mmax). In most of the CEUS, sparse historical seismicity does not provide a record of moderate and large earthquakes that is sufficient to constrain Mmax. One remedy for the insufficient catalog is to combine the catalog of moderate to large CEUS earthquakes with catalogs from other regions worldwide that are tectonically analogous to the CEUS (stable continental regions, or SCRs). After the North America SCR, the largest contribution of earthquakes to this global SCR catalog comes from a Southeast Asian SCR that extends from Indochina to southeasternmost Russia. Integration and interpretation of recently published geological and geophysical results show that most of these Southeast Asian earthquakes occurred in areas exposing abundant alkaline igneous rocks and extensional faults, both of Neogene age (last 23 million years). The implied Neogene extension precludes classification of the areas as SCR crust. The extension also reduces the number of moderate and large Southeast Asian historical earthquakes that are available to constrain CEUS Mmax by 86 percent, from 43 to six.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Seismological Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/gssrl.82.6.971","issn":"08950695","usgsCitation":"Wheeler, R.L., 2011, Reassessment of stable continental regions of Southeast Asia: Seismological Research Letters, v. 82, no. 6, p. 971-983, https://doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.82.6.971.","startPage":"971","endPage":"983","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213816,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.82.6.971"},{"id":241475,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"82","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-11-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a95c1e4b0c8380cd81bfa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wheeler, R. L.","contributorId":34916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wheeler","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70032420,"text":"70032420 - 2011 - Residence time and movements of postbreeding shorebirds on the northern coast of Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-15T11:30:38","indexId":"70032420","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3551,"text":"The Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Residence time and movements of postbreeding shorebirds on the northern coast of Alaska","docAbstract":"

Relatively little is known about shorebird movements across the coast of northern Alaska, yet postbreeding shorebirds use this coastline extensively prior to fall migration. We deployed 346 radio transmitters on 153 breeding and 193 postbreeding shorebirds of five species from 2005 to 2007.We examined two hypotheses regarding postbreeding shorebirds' movements: (1) whether such movements reflect ultimate routes of southbound migration and (2) whether migration strategy (length of flights) or timing of molt in relation to migration (molt occurring in breeding or winter range) are more influential in determining postbreeding shorebirds' behavior. Semipalmated Sandpipers (Calidris pusilla) moved east, consistent with the direction of their ultimate migration, but patterns of other species' movements did not reflect ultimate migration direction. Timing of postnuptial molt appeared to have more influence over residence time and movements than did migration strategy. Postcapture residence time for the Semipalmated Sandpiper was less than for the Western Sandpiper (C. mauri) and significantly less than for Dunlin (C. alpina), and the Semipalmated Sandpiper's movements between were quicker and more frequent than those of the Dunlin. We expected to see the opposite patterns if migration strategy were more influential. Our data shed light on how different shorebird species use the northern Alaska coast after breeding: most species are likely to be stopping over at postbreeding areas, whereas the Dunlin and some Western Sandpipers may be staging. We suggest the coast of northern Alaska be viewed as an interconnected network of postbreeding sites that serve multiple populations of breeding shorebirds.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1525/cond.2011.100083","issn":"00105422","usgsCitation":"Taylor, A.R., Lanctot, R., Powell, A.N., Kendall, S.J., and Nigro, D.A., 2011, Residence time and movements of postbreeding shorebirds on the northern coast of Alaska: The Condor, v. 113, no. 4, p. 779-794, https://doi.org/10.1525/cond.2011.100083.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"779","endPage":"794","numberOfPages":"16","ipdsId":"IP-021222","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475218,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1525/cond.2011.100083","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":241441,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213783,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1525/cond.2011.100083"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -166.46484375,\n 68.67254350285471\n ],\n [\n -140.9765625,\n 68.67254350285471\n ],\n [\n -140.9765625,\n 71.51097803770108\n ],\n [\n -166.46484375,\n 71.51097803770108\n ],\n [\n -166.46484375,\n 68.67254350285471\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"113","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa970e4b0c8380cd85dc9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Taylor, Audrey R.","contributorId":10396,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taylor","given":"Audrey","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lanctot, Richard B.","contributorId":77879,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lanctot","given":"Richard B.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":436075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Powell, Abby N. 0000-0002-9783-134X abby_powell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9783-134X","contributorId":171426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"Abby","email":"abby_powell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":436074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kendall, Steven J.","contributorId":30911,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kendall","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":436076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nigro, Debora A.","contributorId":10628,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nigro","given":"Debora","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12934,"text":"Bureau of Land Management, Arctic Field Office","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":436073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70032419,"text":"70032419 - 2011 - Simulating the potential effects of climate change in two Colorado basins and at two Colorado ski areas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-28T15:31:02","indexId":"70032419","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1421,"text":"Earth Interactions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simulating the potential effects of climate change in two Colorado basins and at two Colorado ski areas","docAbstract":"

The mountainous areas of Colorado are used for tourism and recreation, and they provide water storage and supply for municipalities, industries, and agriculture. Recent studies suggest that water supply and tourist industries such as skiing are at risk from climate change. In this study, a distributed-parameter watershed model, the Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (PRMS), is used to identify the potential effects of future climate on hydrologic conditions for two Colorado basins, the East River at Almont and the Yampa River at Steamboat Springs, and at the subbasin scale for two ski areas within those basins.

Climate-change input files for PRMS were generated by modifying daily PRMS precipitation and temperature inputs with mean monthly climate-change fields of precipitation and temperature derived from five general circulation model (GCM) simulations using one current and three future carbon emission scenarios. All GCM simulations of mean daily minimum and maximum air temperature for the East and Yampa River basins indicate a relatively steady increase of up to several degrees Celsius from baseline conditions by 2094. GCM simulations of precipitation in the two basins indicate little change or trend in precipitation, but there is a large range associated with these projections. PRMS projections of basin mean daily streamflow vary by scenario but indicate a central tendency toward slight decreases, with a large range associated with these projections.

Decreases in water content or changes in the spatial extent of snowpack in the East and Yampa River basins are important because of potential adverse effects on water supply and recreational activities. PRMS projections of each future scenario indicate a central tendency for decreases in basin mean snow-covered area and snowpack water equivalent, with the range in the projected decreases increasing with time. However, when examined on a monthly basis, the projected decreases are most dramatic during fall and spring. Presumably, ski area locations are picked because of a tendency to receive snow and keep snowpack relative to the surrounding area. This effect of ski area location within the basin was examined by comparing projections of March snow-covered area and snowpack water equivalent for the entire basin with more local projections for the portion of the basin that represents the ski area in the PRMS models. These projections indicate a steady decrease in March snow-covered area for the basins but only small changes in March snow-covered area at both ski areas for the three future scenarios until around 2050. After 2050, larger decreases are possible, but there is a large range in the projections of future scenarios. The rates of decrease for snowpack water equivalent and precipitation that falls as snow are similar at the basin and subbasin scale in both basins. Results from this modeling effort show that there is a wide range of possible outcomes for future snowpack conditions in Colorado. The results also highlight the differences between projections for entire basins and projections for local areas or subbasins within those basins.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/2011EI373.1","usgsCitation":"Battaglin, W., Hay, L.E., and Markstrom, S., 2011, Simulating the potential effects of climate change in two Colorado basins and at two Colorado ski areas: Earth Interactions, v. 15, no. 22, p. 1-23, https://doi.org/10.1175/2011EI373.1.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"23","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475226,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/2011ei373.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":241440,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"East River, Yampa 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\"}}]}","volume":"15","issue":"22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8fdbe4b08c986b3191a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Battaglin, William","contributorId":112783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Battaglin","given":"William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":513953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hay, Lauren E. 0000-0003-3763-4595 lhay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3763-4595","contributorId":1287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hay","given":"Lauren","email":"lhay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":513952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Markstrom, Steve","contributorId":23682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markstrom","given":"Steve","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":513951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70032389,"text":"70032389 - 2011 - Episodic soil succession on basaltic lava fields in a cool, dry environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-08T08:43:06","indexId":"70032389","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3420,"text":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Episodic soil succession on basaltic lava fields in a cool, dry environment","docAbstract":"

Holocene- to late Pleistocene-aged lava flows at Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve provide an ideal setting to examine the early stages of soil formation under cool, dry conditions. Transects were used to characterize the amount and nature of soil cover on across basaltic lava flows ranging in age from 2.1 to 18.4 ka. Results indicate that on flows <13 ka, very shallow organic soils (Folists in Soil Taxonomy) are the dominant soil type, providing an areal coverage of up to ∼25%. On flows ≥13.9 ka, deeper mineral soils including Entisols, Aridisols, and Mollisols become dominant and the areal extent increases to ≥95% on flows older than 18.4 ka. These data suggest there are two distinct pedogenic pathways associated with lava flows of the region. The first pathway is illustrated by the younger flows, where Folists dominate. In the absence of a major source of loess, relatively little mineral material accumulates and soils provide only minor coverage of the lava flows. Our results indicate that this pathway of soil development has not changed appreciably over the past ∼10 ka. The second pedogenic pathway is illustrated by the flows older than 13.9 ka. These flows have been subject to deposition of large quantities of loess during and after the last regional glaciation, resulting in almost complete coverage. Subsequent pedogenesis has given rise to Aridisols and Mollisols with calcic and cambic horizons and mollic epipedons. This research highlights the importance of regional climate change on the evolution of Craters of the Moon soilscapes.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2136/sssaj2010.0341","issn":"03615995","usgsCitation":"Vaughan, K., McDaniel, P., and Phillips, W., 2011, Episodic soil succession on basaltic lava fields in a cool, dry environment: Soil Science Society of America Journal, v. 75, no. 4, p. 1462-1470, https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2010.0341.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1462","endPage":"1470","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241473,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve, Eastern Snake River Plain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113,\n 42.5\n ],\n [\n -113,\n 44\n ],\n [\n -114,\n 44\n ],\n [\n -114,\n 42.5\n ],\n [\n -113,\n 42.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"75","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0a14e4b0c8380cd521c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vaughan, K.L.","contributorId":107512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vaughan","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McDaniel, P.A.","contributorId":14129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDaniel","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Phillips, W.M.","contributorId":49332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"W.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70032303,"text":"70032303 - 2011 - Use of cranial characters in taxonomy of the Minnesota wolf (Canis sp.)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:57","indexId":"70032303","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1176,"text":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of cranial characters in taxonomy of the Minnesota wolf (Canis sp.)","docAbstract":"Minnesota wolves (Canis sp.) sometimes are reported to have affinity to a small, narrow-skulled eastern form (Canis lupus lycaon Schreber, 1775) and sometimes to a larger, broader western form (Canis lupus nubilus Say, 1823). We found that pre-1950 Minnesota wolf skulls were similar in size to those of wolves from southeastern Ontario and smaller than those of western wolves. However, Minnesota wolf skulls during 1970-1976 showed a shift to the larger, western form. Although Minnesota skull measurements after 1976 were unavailable, rostral ratios from 1969 through 1999 were consistent with hybridization between the smaller eastern wolf and the western form. Our findings help resolve the different taxonomic interpretations of Minnesota skull morphology and are consistent with molecular evidence of recent hybridization or intergradation of the two forms of wolves in Minnesota. Together these data indicate that eastern- and western-type wolves historically mixed and hybridized in Minnesota and continue to do so. Our findings are relevant to a recent government proposal to delist wolves from the endangered species list in Minnesota and surrounding states.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1139/Z11-097","issn":"00084301","usgsCitation":"Mech, L., Nowak, R.M., and Weisberg, S., 2011, Use of cranial characters in taxonomy of the Minnesota wolf (Canis sp.): Canadian Journal of Zoology, v. 89, no. 12, p. 1188-1194, https://doi.org/10.1139/Z11-097.","startPage":"1188","endPage":"1194","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215073,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/Z11-097"},{"id":242843,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"89","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbedee4b08c986b329820","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mech, L.D. 0000-0003-3944-7769","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":75466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mech","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nowak, R. M.","contributorId":51870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nowak","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weisberg, S.","contributorId":99775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weisberg","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70032292,"text":"70032292 - 2011 - Setting limits: Using air pollution thresholds to protect and restore U.S. ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:25","indexId":"70032292","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2121,"text":"Issues in Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Setting limits: Using air pollution thresholds to protect and restore U.S. ecosystems","docAbstract":"More than four decades of research provide unequivocal evidence that sulfur, nitrogen, and mercury pollution have altered, and will continue to alter, our nation's lands and waters. The emission and deposition of air pollutants harm native plants and animals, degrade water quality, affect forest productivity, and are damaging to human health. Many air quality policies limit emissions at the source but these control measures do not always consider ecosystem impacts. Air pollution thresholds at which ecological effects are observed, such as critical loads, are effective tools for assessing the impacts of air pollution on essential ecosystem services and for informing public policy. U.S. ecosystems can be more effectively protected and restored by using a combination of emissions-based approaches and science-based thresholds of ecosystem damage. Based on the results of a comprehensive review of air pollution thresholds, we conclude: ??? Ecosystem services such as air and water purification, decomposition and detoxification of waste materials, climate regulation, regeneration of soil fertility, production and biodiversity maintenance, as well as crop, timber and fish supplies are impacted by deposition of nitrogen, sulfur, mercury and other pollutants. The consequences of these changes may be difficult or impossible to reverse as impacts cascade throughout affected ecosystems. ??? The effects of too much nitrogen are common across the U.S. and include altered plant and lichen communities, enhanced growth of invasive species, eutrophication and acidification of lands and waters, and habitat deterioration for native species, including endangered species. ??? Lake, stream and soil acidification is widespread across the eastern United States. Up to 65% of lakes within sensitive areas receive acid deposition that exceeds critical loads. ??? Mercury contamination adversely affects fish in many inland and coastal waters. Fish consumption advisories for mercury exist in all 50 states and on many tribal lands. High concentrations of mercury in wildlife are also widespread and have multiple adverse effects. ??? Air quality programs, such as those stemming from the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments, have helped decrease air pollution even as population and energy demand have increased. Yet, they do not adequately protect ecosystems from long-term damage. Moreover they do not address ammonia emissions. ??? A stronger ecosystem basis for air pollutant policies could be established through adoption of science-based thresholds. Existing monitoring programs track vital information needed to measure the response to policies, and could be expanded to include appropriate chemical and biological indicators for terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and establishment of a national ecosystem monitoring network for mercury. The development and use of air pollution thresholds for ecosystem protection and management is increasing in the United States, yet threshold approaches remain underutilized. Ecological thresholds for air pollution, such as critical loads for nitrogen and sulfur deposition, are not currently included in the formal regulatory process for emissions controls in the United States, although they are now considered in local management decisions by the National Park Service and U.S. Forest Service. Ecological thresholds offer a scientifically sound approach to protecting and restoring U.S. ecosystems and an important tool for natural resource management and policy. ?? The Ecological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Issues in Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"10928987","usgsCitation":"Fenn, M., Lambert, K., Blett, T., Burns, D.A., Pardo, L., Lovett, G., Haeuber, R.A., Evers, D., Driscoll, C.T., and Jeffries, D., 2011, Setting limits: Using air pollution thresholds to protect and restore U.S. ecosystems: Issues in Ecology, no. 14.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242615,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8d71e4b08c986b3183ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fenn, M.E.","contributorId":68686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fenn","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lambert, K.F.","contributorId":64048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lambert","given":"K.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blett, T.F.","contributorId":10241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blett","given":"T.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burns, Douglas A. 0000-0001-6516-2869","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6516-2869","contributorId":29450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pardo, L.H.","contributorId":93209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pardo","given":"L.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lovett, Gary M.","contributorId":85990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovett","given":"Gary M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Haeuber, R. A.","contributorId":56057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeuber","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Evers, D.C.","contributorId":36501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evers","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Driscoll, C. T.","contributorId":47530,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Driscoll","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Jeffries, D.S.","contributorId":19729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jeffries","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70036992,"text":"70036992 - 2011 - Late Early Permian continental ichnofauna from Lake Kemp, north-central Texas, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-16T20:29:58.164288","indexId":"70036992","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Early Permian continental ichnofauna from Lake Kemp, north-central Texas, USA","docAbstract":"

Continental trace fossils of Early Permian age are well known in the western United States from Wolfcampian (~ Asselian to Artinskian) strata, but few examples are known from Leonardian (~ Kungurian) deposits. A substantial ichnofauna from strata of the lower part of the Clear Fork Formation at Lake Kemp, Baylor County, Texas, augments the meager North American record of Leonardian continental trace fossil assemblages. Ichnofossils at Lake Kemp occur in the informally-named Craddock dolomite member of the Clear Fork Formation, which is 12–15 m above the local base of the Clear Fork. The trace-bearing stratum is an up-to-0.3 m thick, laminated to flaser-bedded, dolomitic siltstone that also contains mud cracks, raindrop impressions, microbially induced mat structures, and some land-plant impressions. We interpret the Craddock dolomite member as the feather-edge of a marine transgressive carbonate deposit of an irregular coastline marked by shallow bays or estuaries on the eastern shelf of the Midland basin, and the trace-fossil-bearing stratum at Lake Kemp is an unchannelized flow deposit on a muddy coastal plain. The fossil site at Lake Kemp yields a low to moderately diverse fauna of invertebrate and vertebrate traces. A sparse invertebrate ichnofauna consists of arthropod feeding and locomotion traces assigned to Walpia cf. W. hermitensis White, 1929 and Diplichnites gouldi Gevers in Gevers et al., 1971. Tetrapod footprints are most common and assigned to Batrachichnus salamandroides (Geinitz, 1861), cf. Amphisauropus kablikae (Geinitz and Deichmüller, 1882), and Dromopus lacertoides (Geinitz, 1861), which represent small temnospondyl, seymouriamorph, and basal sauropsid trackmakers. Both the traces and sedimentary features of the fossil horizon indicate a freshwater setting at the time of track formation, and the trace assemblage represents the Scoyenia ichnofacies and the Batrachichnus ichnofacies in an overbank environment with sheet flooding and shallow ephemeral pools on an extensive coastal plain. The Lake Kemp tetrapod track assemblage is characteristic of the global Early Permian tetrapod ichnofauna found in red beds, which is dominated by a handful of ichnogenera that include Batrachichnus, Limnopus, Amphisauropus, Dromopus, Varanopus, Hyloidichnus, Ichniotherium and Dimetropus, which are the tracks of temnospondyls, seymouriamorphs, diadectomorphs, “pelycosaurs”, “captorhinomorphs”, and araeoscelids. The Lake Kemp tracks also further document the continuity of the ichnogenera Batrachichnus, Amphisauropus and Dromopus from Wolfcampian into Leonardian time and thus support the concept that Wolfcampian and Leonardian red-bed tetrapod footprints represent a single biostratigraphic assemblage.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2011.05.047","issn":"00310182","usgsCitation":"Lucas, S.G., Voigt, S., Lerner, A., and Nelson, W., 2011, Late Early Permian continental ichnofauna from Lake Kemp, north-central Texas, USA: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 308, no. 3-4, p. 395-404, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2011.05.047.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"395","endPage":"404","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245445,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217494,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2011.05.047"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Lake Kemp","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -99.35348510742188,\n 33.65235145518946\n ],\n [\n -99.1241455078125,\n 33.65235145518946\n ],\n [\n -99.1241455078125,\n 33.864714141777746\n ],\n [\n -99.35348510742188,\n 33.864714141777746\n ],\n [\n -99.35348510742188,\n 33.65235145518946\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"308","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a44dfe4b0c8380cd66e6f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lucas, S. G.","contributorId":76934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lucas","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Voigt, S.","contributorId":28104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voigt","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lerner, A.J.","contributorId":36783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lerner","given":"A.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nelson, W.J.","contributorId":17762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"W.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036900,"text":"70036900 - 2011 - New information on the braincase of the North American therizinosaurian (Theropoda, Maniraptora) Falcarius utahensis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-21T17:44:20","indexId":"70036900","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2491,"text":"Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New information on the braincase of the North American therizinosaurian (Theropoda, Maniraptora) Falcarius utahensis","docAbstract":"

Many disarticulated bones from multiple individuals of a primitive therizinosaurian, referred to Falcarius utahensis, were found in the paucispecific Crystal Geyser bonebed in the Lower Cretaceous Cedar Mountain Formation of eastern Utah. To date, more than 2000 specimens from this species have been excavated. Included in this collection are two partial braincases, one of which is designated the holotype. Here we describe the braincase morphology ofFalcarius utahensis. These specimens help establish the primitive cranial condition for the Therizinosauria and further substantiate intraspecific and contralateral braincase pneumatic variation in theropods. When combined with new observations on the cranial remains of the therizinosaurid Nothronychus mckinleyi derived from computed tomographic (CT) scans, the braincase morphology of Falcarius clarifies several evolutionary trends within the Therizinosauria and establishes a suite of synapomorphies for the Therizinosauridae. Trends within the clade include increased basicranial pneumatization (the development of a basisphenoid bulla and loss of external subcondylar recesses), anterior deflection of the supraoccipital, and the reduction of points of origin of the craniocervical musculature, associated with the loss of discrete basipterygoid processes, probably due to incorporation of these structures into the expanded hyperpneumatic bone. Finally, CT scans reveal a complete, nearly avian, inner ear with bird-like semicircular canals and a long cochlea indicating broad frequency discrimination.

","language":"English","publisher":"University of Oklahoma","doi":"10.1080/02724634.2011.549442","issn":"02724634","usgsCitation":"Smith, D., Zanno, L.E., Sanders, R.K., Deblieux, D.D., and Kirkland, J.I., 2011, New information on the braincase of the North American therizinosaurian (Theropoda, Maniraptora) Falcarius utahensis: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 31, no. 2, p. 387-404, https://doi.org/10.1080/02724634.2011.549442.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"387","endPage":"404","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245834,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.028076171875,\n 38.013476231041935\n ],\n [\n -110.028076171875,\n 39.07464374293249\n ],\n [\n -109.16015624999999,\n 39.07464374293249\n ],\n [\n -109.16015624999999,\n 38.013476231041935\n ],\n [\n -110.028076171875,\n 38.013476231041935\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"31","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6593e4b0c8380cd72c25","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, David","contributorId":56303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zanno, Lindsay E.","contributorId":173913,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zanno","given":"Lindsay","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":27255,"text":"Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":458399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sanders, R. Kent","contributorId":64068,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sanders","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Kent","affiliations":[{"id":13252,"text":"University of Utah","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":458400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Deblieux, Donald D.","contributorId":173914,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Deblieux","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":17626,"text":"Utah Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":458401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kirkland, James I.","contributorId":173915,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kirkland","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":17626,"text":"Utah Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":458398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70036870,"text":"70036870 - 2011 - Validating growth and development of a seabird as an indicator of food availability: Captive-reared Caspian Tern chicks fed ad libitum and restricted diets","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-21T13:20:59.636533","indexId":"70036870","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2284,"text":"Journal of Field Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Validating growth and development of a seabird as an indicator of food availability: Captive-reared Caspian Tern chicks fed ad libitum and restricted diets","docAbstract":"

For seabirds raising young under conditions of limited food availability, reducing chick provisioning and chick growth rates are the primary means available to avoid abandonment of a breeding effort. For most seabirds, however, baseline data characterizing chick growth and development under known feeding conditions are unavailable, so it is difficult to evaluate chick nutritional status as it relates to foraging conditions near breeding colonies. To address this need, we examined the growth and development of young Caspian Terns (Hydroprogne caspia), a cosmopolitan, generalist piscivore, reared in captivity and fed ad libitum and restricted (ca. one-third lower caloric intake) diets. Ad libitum-fed chicks grew at similar rates and achieved a similar size at fledging as previously documented for chicks in the wild and had energetic demands that closely matched allometric predictions. We identified three general characteristics of food-restricted Caspian Tern chicks compared to ad libitum chicks: (1) lower age-specific body mass, (2) lower age-specific skeletal and feather size, such as wing chord length, and (3) heightened levels of corticosterone in blood, both for baseline levels and in response to acute stress. Effects of diet restriction on feather growth (10–11% slower growth in diet-restricted chicks) were less pronounced than effects on structural growth (37–52% slower growth) and body mass (24% lower at fledging age) apparently due to preferential allocation of food resources to maintain plumage growth. Our results suggest that measurements of chick body mass and feather development (e.g., wing chord or primary length) or measurement of corticosterone levels in the blood would allow useful evaluation of the nutritional status of chicks reared in the wild and of food availability in the foraging range of adults. Such evaluations could also inform demography studies (e.g., predict future recruitment) and assist in evaluating designated piscivorous waterbird conservation (colony) sites. 

","language":"English, Spanish","publisher":"Association of Field Ornithologists","doi":"10.1111/j.1557-9263.2010.00311.x","issn":"02738570","usgsCitation":"Lyons, D., and Roby, D.D., 2011, Validating growth and development of a seabird as an indicator of food availability: Captive-reared Caspian Tern chicks fed ad libitum and restricted diets: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 82, no. 1, p. 88-100, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1557-9263.2010.00311.x.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"88","endPage":"100","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245802,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"East Sand Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.00714874267577,\n 46.246113093596165\n ],\n [\n -123.94466400146483,\n 46.246113093596165\n ],\n [\n -123.94466400146483,\n 46.28076677380824\n ],\n [\n -124.00714874267577,\n 46.28076677380824\n ],\n [\n -124.00714874267577,\n 46.246113093596165\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"82","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-02-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc0fbe4b08c986b32a3e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lyons, Donald E.","contributorId":20119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyons","given":"Donald E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roby, Daniel D. 0000-0001-9844-0992 droby@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9844-0992","contributorId":3702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roby","given":"Daniel","email":"droby@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70036787,"text":"70036787 - 2011 - An occurrence of the protocetid whale \"Eocetus\" wardii in the middle Eocene Piney Point Formation of Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-27T06:33:01","indexId":"70036787","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2412,"text":"Journal of Paleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An occurrence of the protocetid whale \"Eocetus\" wardii in the middle Eocene Piney Point Formation of Virginia","docAbstract":"Two protocetid whale vertebrae, here referred to “Eocetus” wardii, have been recovered from the riverbed of the Pamunkey River in east-central Virginia. Neither bone was found in situ, but both were found with lumps of lithified matrix cemented to their surfaces. Most of this matrix was removed and processed for microfossils. Specimens of dinoflagellates were successfully recovered and this flora clearly demonstrates that both vertebrae came from the middle Eocene Piney Point Formation, which crops out above and below river level in the area where the bones were discovered. These vertebrae are the oldest whale remains reported from Virginia and are as old as any cetacean remains known from the western hemisphere.","language":"English","publisher":"The Paleontological Society","doi":"10.1666/10-083.1","issn":"00223360","usgsCitation":"Weems, R.E., Edwards, L.E., Osborne, J.E., and Alford, A., 2011, An occurrence of the protocetid whale \"Eocetus\" wardii in the middle Eocene Piney Point Formation of Virginia: Journal of Paleontology, v. 85, no. 2, p. 271-278, https://doi.org/10.1666/10-083.1.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"271","endPage":"278","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245406,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -83.68,36.54 ], [ -83.68,39.47 ], [ -75.24,39.47 ], [ -75.24,36.54 ], [ -83.68,36.54 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"85","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea97e4b0c8380cd4897b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weems, Robert E. 0000-0002-1907-7804 rweems@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1907-7804","contributorId":2663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weems","given":"Robert","email":"rweems@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":785627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Edwards, Lucy E. 0000-0003-4075-3317 leedward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4075-3317","contributorId":2647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Lucy","email":"leedward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Osborne, Jason E.","contributorId":171937,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Osborne","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":26968,"text":"Paleo Quest","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":457850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Alford, A.A.","contributorId":30073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alford","given":"A.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}