{"pageNumber":"1841","pageRowStart":"46000","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":70036259,"text":"70036259 - 2011 - A hierarchical spatial framework and database for the national river fish habitat condition assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-28T14:45:30.141569","indexId":"70036259","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1657,"text":"Fisheries","onlineIssn":"1548-8446","printIssn":"0363-2415","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A hierarchical spatial framework and database for the national river fish habitat condition assessment","docAbstract":"Fisheries management programs, such as the National Fish Habitat Action Plan (NFHAP), urgently need a nationwide spatial framework and database for health assessment and policy development to protect and improve riverine systems. To meet this need, we developed a spatial framework and database using National Hydrography Dataset Plus (I-.100,000-scale); http://www.horizon-systems.com/nhdplus). This framework uses interconfluence river reaches and their local and network catchments as fundamental spatial river units and a series of ecological and political spatial descriptors as hierarchy structures to allow users to extract or analyze information at spatial scales that they define. This database consists of variables describing channel characteristics, network position/connectivity, climate, elevation, gradient, and size. It contains a series of catchment-natural and human-induced factors that are known to influence river characteristics. Our framework and database assembles all river reaches and their descriptors in one place for the first time for the conterminous United States. This framework and database provides users with the capability of adding data, conducting analyses, developing management scenarios and regulation, and tracking management progresses at a variety of spatial scales. This database provides the essential data needs for achieving the objectives of NFHAP and other management programs. The downloadable beta version database is available at http://ec2-184-73-40-15.compute-1.amazonaws.com/nfhap/main/.","language":"English, Spanish","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","publisherLocation":"Philadelphia, PA","doi":"10.1080/03632415.2011.607075","issn":"03632415","usgsCitation":"Wang, L., Infante, D., Esselman, P., Cooper, A., Wu, D., Taylor, W., Beard, D., Whelan, G., and Ostroff, A., 2011, A hierarchical spatial framework and database for the national river fish habitat condition assessment: Fisheries, v. 36, no. 9, p. 436-449, https://doi.org/10.1080/03632415.2011.607075.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"436","endPage":"449","costCenters":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36940,"text":"National Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":218397,"rank":2,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03632415.2011.607075"},{"id":246399,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":475255,"rank":3,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/141797","text":"External Repository"}],"volume":"36","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-09-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e41ce4b0c8380cd463ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, L.","contributorId":76904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Infante, D.","contributorId":71418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Infante","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Esselman, P.","contributorId":67763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esselman","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cooper, A.","contributorId":47517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooper","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wu, D.","contributorId":57215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wu","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Taylor, W.","contributorId":51140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Beard, D.","contributorId":6305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beard","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Whelan, G.","contributorId":52775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whelan","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Ostroff, A.","contributorId":36401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ostroff","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70036459,"text":"70036459 - 2011 - Whole-edifice ice volume change A.D. 1970 to 2007/2008 at Mount Rainier, Washington, based on LiDAR surveying","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-05T12:11:14","indexId":"70036459","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Whole-edifice ice volume change A.D. 1970 to 2007/2008 at Mount Rainier, Washington, based on LiDAR surveying","docAbstract":"Net changes in thickness and volume of glacial ice and perennial snow at Mount Rainier, Washington State, have been mapped over the entire edifice by differencing between a highresolution LiDAR (light detection and ranging) topographic survey of September-October 2007/2008 and the 10 m lateral resolution U.S. Geological Survey digital elevation model derived from September 1970 aerial photography. Excepting the large Emmons and Winthrop Glaciers, all of Mount Rainier's glaciers thinned and retreated in their terminal regions, with substantial thinning mainly at elevations <2000 m and the greatest thinning on southfacing glaciers. Mount Rainier's glaciers and snowfields also lost volume over the interval, excepting the east-flank Fryingpan and Emmons Glaciers and minor near-summit snowfields; maximum volume losses were centered from ~1750 m (north flank) to ~2250 m (south fl ank) elevation. The greatest single volume loss was from the Carbon Glacier, despite its northward aspect, due to its sizeable area at <2000 m elevation. Overall, Mount Rainier lost ~14 vol% glacial ice and perennial snow over the 37 to 38 yr interval between surveys. Enhanced thinning of south-flank glaciers may be meltback from the high snowfall period of the mid-1940s to mid-1970s associated with the cool phase of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","doi":"10.1130/G31902.1","isbn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Sisson, T.W., Robinson, J., and Swinney, D., 2011, Whole-edifice ice volume change A.D. 1970 to 2007/2008 at Mount Rainier, Washington, based on LiDAR surveying: Geology, v. 39, no. 7, p. 639-642, https://doi.org/10.1130/G31902.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"639","endPage":"642","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":218439,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G31902.1"},{"id":246449,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mount Rainier","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.876709,46.787719 ], [ -121.876709,46.939905 ], [ -121.638906,46.939905 ], [ -121.638906,46.787719 ], [ -121.876709,46.787719 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"39","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-07-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd089e4b08c986b32eef4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sisson, T. W.","contributorId":108120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sisson","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robinson, J.E.","contributorId":53100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Swinney, D.D.","contributorId":88191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swinney","given":"D.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70036460,"text":"70036460 - 2011 - Spatial modeling for groundwater arsenic levels in North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-11T17:14:08.341395","indexId":"70036460","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial modeling for groundwater arsenic levels in North Carolina","docAbstract":"

To examine environmental and geologic determinants of arsenic in groundwater, detailed geologic data were integrated with well water arsenic concentration data and well construction data for 471 private wells in Orange County, NC, via a geographic information system. For the statistical analysis, the geologic units were simplified into four generalized categories based on rock type and interpreted mode of deposition/emplacement. The geologic transitions from rocks of a primary pyroclastic origin to rocks of volcaniclastic sedimentary origin were designated as polylines. The data were fitted to a left-censored regression model to identify key determinants of arsenic levels in groundwater. A Bayesian spatial random effects model was then developed to capture any spatial patterns in groundwater arsenic residuals into model estimation. Statistical model results indicate (1) wells close to a transition zone or fault are more likely to contain detectible arsenic; (2) welded tuffs and hydrothermal quartz bodies are associated with relatively higher groundwater arsenic concentrations and even higher for those proximal to a pluton; and (3) wells of greater depth are more likely to contain elevated arsenic. This modeling effort informs policy intervention by creating three-dimensional maps of predicted arsenic levels in groundwater for any location and depth in the area.

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Carolina\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","volume":"45","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-04-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9486e4b08c986b31ab45","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kim, D.","contributorId":26178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kim","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miranda, M.L.","contributorId":101928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miranda","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tootoo, J.","contributorId":66108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tootoo","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bradley, P.","contributorId":99411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gelfand, A.E.","contributorId":85020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gelfand","given":"A.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70036358,"text":"70036358 - 2011 - Geology and petroleum potential of the Timan-Pechora Basin Province, Russia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-18T19:19:08.570328","indexId":"70036358","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1784,"text":"Geological Society Memoir","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"chapter":"18","title":"Geology and petroleum potential of the Timan-Pechora Basin Province, Russia","docAbstract":"

The Timan–Pechora Basin Province represents the northeastern-most cratonic block of Eastern European Russia. More than 16 billion barrels of oil (BBO) and 40 trillion cubic feet of gas (TCFG) have been discovered in this basin. Three geological assessment units (AU) were defined for assessing the potential for undiscovered oil and gas resources. The NW Izhma Depression AU encompasses all potential structures and reservoirs in the northwestern part of the Izhma–Pechora Depression, but this part of the basin contains little source and reservoir rocks and so was not assessed quantitatively. The Main Basin Platform AU includes all structures and reservoirs that developed in the central part of the basin where the tectonic evolution and development of petroleum systems were complex. The Foredeep Basins AU includes all potential reservoirs within the thick sedimentary section of the foredeep basins developed during the Permo-Triassic Uralian Orogeny. For the Timan–Pechora Basin Province, the estimated means of undiscovered resources are 3.3 BBO, 17 TCFG and 0.3 billion barrels of natural gas liquids (BBNGL). For the areas of the AUs north of the Arctic Circle in the Timan–Pechora Basin Province, the estimated means of undiscovered resources are 1.7 BBO, 9.0 TCFG and 0.2 BBNGL. The Pechora Sea was assessed with the South Barents Sea Province and is not included in this assessment.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of London","doi":"10.1144/M35.18","issn":"04354052","usgsCitation":"Schenk, C.J., 2011, Geology and petroleum potential of the Timan-Pechora Basin Province, Russia: Geological Society Memoir, no. 35, p. 283-294, https://doi.org/10.1144/M35.18.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"283","endPage":"294","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246406,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218404,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1144/M35.18"}],"country":"Russia","otherGeospatial":"Pechora Basin Province","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 41.66015625,\n 59.085738569819505\n ],\n [\n 64.6875,\n 59.085738569819505\n ],\n [\n 64.6875,\n 71.85622888185527\n ],\n [\n 41.66015625,\n 71.85622888185527\n ],\n [\n 41.66015625,\n 59.085738569819505\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","issue":"35","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f464e4b0c8380cd4bce2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schenk, Christopher J. 0000-0002-0248-7305","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0248-7305","contributorId":72344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schenk","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":455720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70036463,"text":"70036463 - 2011 - What is the role of fresh groundwater and recirculated seawater in conveying nutrients to the coastal ocean?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-15T12:06:13.636896","indexId":"70036463","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5925,"text":"Environmental Science and Technology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"What is the role of fresh groundwater and recirculated seawater in conveying nutrients to the coastal ocean?","docAbstract":"Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is a major process operating at the land-sea interface. Quantifying the SGD nutrient loads and the marine/terrestrial controls of this transport is of high importance, especially in oligotrophic seas such as the eastern Mediterranean. The fluxes of nutrients in groundwater discharging from the seafloor at Dor Bay (southeastern Mediterranean) were studied in detail using seepage meters. Our main finding is that the terrestrial, fresh groundwater is the main conveyor of DIN and silica to the coastal water, with loads of 500 and 560 mol/yr, respectively, per 1 m shoreline. Conversely, recirculated seawater is nutrient-poor, and its role is mainly as a dilution agent. The nutrient loads regenerated in the subterranean estuary (sub-bay sediment) are relatively small, consisting mostly of ammonium (24 mol/yr). On the other hand, the subterranean estuary at Dor Bay sequesters as much as 100 mol N/yr per 1 m shoreline, mainly via denitrification processes. These, and observations from other SGD sites, imply that the subterranean estuary at some coastal systems may function more as a sink for nitrogen than a source. This further questions the extent of nutrient contributions to the coastal water by some subterranean estuaries and warrants systematic evaluation of this process in various hydrological and marine trophic conditions. ?? 2011 American Chemical Society.","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es104394r","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Weinstein, Y., Yechieli, Y., Shalem, Y., Burnett, W.C., Swarzenski, P.W., and Herut, B., 2011, What is the role of fresh groundwater and recirculated seawater in conveying nutrients to the coastal ocean?: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 45, no. 12, p. 5195-5200, https://doi.org/10.1021/es104394r.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"5195","endPage":"5200","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246519,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Dor Bay, Mediterranean Sea","volume":"45","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd040e4b08c986b32ed50","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weinstein, Yishai","contributorId":44404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weinstein","given":"Yishai","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":514019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yechieli, Yoseph","contributorId":95320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yechieli","given":"Yoseph","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":514020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shalem, Yehuda","contributorId":116807,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shalem","given":"Yehuda","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":514022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burnett, William C.","contributorId":116552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burnett","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":514021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Swarzenski, Peter W. 0000-0003-0116-0578 pswarzen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0116-0578","contributorId":1070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swarzenski","given":"Peter","email":"pswarzen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":514018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Herut, Barak","contributorId":119266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herut","given":"Barak","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":514023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70036475,"text":"70036475 - 2011 - The academic road less traveled","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:05","indexId":"70036475","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1657,"text":"Fisheries","onlineIssn":"1548-8446","printIssn":"0363-2415","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The academic road less traveled","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fisheries","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"03632415","usgsCitation":"James, D., 2011, The academic road less traveled: Fisheries, v. 36, no. 7, p. 351-352.","startPage":"351","endPage":"352","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246165,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba99ae4b08c986b32239a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"James, D.A.","contributorId":108225,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"James","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70036464,"text":"70036464 - 2011 - Sibship reconstruction for inferring mating systems, dispersal and effective population size in headwater brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) populations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-21T16:45:19","indexId":"70036464","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1324,"text":"Conservation Genetics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sibship reconstruction for inferring mating systems, dispersal and effective population size in headwater brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) populations","docAbstract":"

Brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis populations have declined in much of the native range in eastern North America and populations are typically relegated to small headwater streams in Connecticut, USA. We used sibship reconstruction to infer mating systems, dispersal and effective population size of resident (non-anadromous) brook trout in two headwater stream channel networks in Connecticut. Brook trout were captured via backpack electrofishing using spatially continuous sampling in the two headwaters (channel network lengths of 4.4 and 7.7 km). Eight microsatellite loci were genotyped in a total of 740 individuals (80–140 mm) subsampled in a stratified random design from all 50 m-reaches in which trout were captured. Sibship reconstruction indicated that males and females were both mostly polygamous although single pair matings were also inferred. Breeder sex ratio was inferred to be nearly 1:1. Few large-sized fullsib families (>3 individuals) were inferred and the majority of individuals were inferred to have no fullsibs among those fish genotyped (family size = 1). The median stream channel distance between pairs of individuals belonging to the same large-sized fullsib families (>3 individuals) was 100 m (range: 0–1,850 m) and 250 m (range: 0–2,350 m) in the two study sites, indicating limited dispersal at least for the size class of individuals analyzed. Using a sibship assignment method, the effective population size for the two streams was estimated at 91 (95%CI: 67–123) and 210 (95%CI: 172–259), corresponding to the ratio of effective-to-census population size of 0.06 and 0.12, respectively. Both-sex polygamy, low variation in reproductive success, and a balanced sex ratio may help maintain genetic diversity of brook trout populations with small breeder sizes persisting in headwater channel networks.

\n

 

","language":"English","publisher":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","doi":"10.1007/s10592-010-0166-9","issn":"15660621","usgsCitation":"Kanno, Y., Vokoun, J.C., and Letcher, B., 2011, Sibship reconstruction for inferring mating systems, dispersal and effective population size in headwater brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) populations: Conservation Genetics, v. 12, no. 3, p. 619-628, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-010-0166-9.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"619","endPage":"628","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246520,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut","otherGeospatial":"Jefferson Hill-Spruce Brook, Kent Falls Brook","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.46832275390624,\n 41.64213096472801\n ],\n [\n -73.46832275390624,\n 41.98195261665715\n ],\n [\n -72.8778076171875,\n 41.98195261665715\n ],\n [\n -72.8778076171875,\n 41.64213096472801\n ],\n [\n -73.46832275390624,\n 41.64213096472801\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-11-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8eeee4b08c986b318c23","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kanno, Yoichiro ykanno@usgs.gov","contributorId":4876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kanno","given":"Yoichiro","email":"ykanno@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":456267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vokoun, Jason C.","contributorId":173912,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vokoun","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Letcher, Benjamin H. 0000-0003-0191-5678 bletcher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0191-5678","contributorId":2864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Letcher","given":"Benjamin H.","email":"bletcher@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":456268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70036465,"text":"70036465 - 2011 - Raman spectroscopic measurements of CO2 density: Experimental calibration with high-pressure optical cell (HPOC) and fused silica capillary capsule (FSCC) with application to fluid inclusion observations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-02T15:05:52","indexId":"70036465","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Raman spectroscopic measurements of CO2 density: Experimental calibration with high-pressure optical cell (HPOC) and fused silica capillary capsule (FSCC) with application to fluid inclusion observations","docAbstract":"

Raman spectroscopy is a powerful method for the determination of CO2 densities in fluid inclusions, especially for those with small size and/or low fluid density. The relationship between CO2 Fermi diad split (Δ, cm−1) and CO2 density (ρ, g/cm3) has been documented by several previous studies. However, significant discrepancies exist among these studies mainly because of inconsistent calibration procedures and lack of measurements for CO2fluids having densities between 0.21 and 0.75 g/cm3, where liquid and vapor phases coexist near room temperature.

In this study, a high-pressure optical cell and fused silica capillary capsules were used to prepare pure CO2 samples with densities between 0.0472 and 1.0060 g/cm3. The measured CO2 Fermi diad splits were calibrated with two well established Raman bands of benzonitrile at 1192.6 and 1598.9 cm−1. The relationship between the CO2 Fermi diad split and density can be represented by: ρ = 47513.64243 − 1374.824414 × Δ + 13.25586152 × Δ2 − 0.04258891551 × Δ3(r2 = 0.99835, σ = 0.0253 g/cm3), and this relationship was tested by synthetic fluid inclusions and natural CO2-rich fluid inclusions. The effects of temperature and the presence of H2O and CH4 on this relationship were also examined.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2011.04.028","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Wang, X., Chou, I., Hu, W., Burruss, R., Sun, Q., and Song, Y., 2011, Raman spectroscopic measurements of CO2 density: Experimental calibration with high-pressure optical cell (HPOC) and fused silica capillary capsule (FSCC) with application to fluid inclusion observations: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 75, no. 14, p. 4080-4093, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2011.04.028.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"4080","endPage":"4093","numberOfPages":"14","ipdsId":"IP-026197","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246552,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218532,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2011.04.028"}],"volume":"75","issue":"14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9485e4b0c8380cd8146b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, X.","contributorId":22076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chou, I-Ming 0000-0001-5233-6479 imchou@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5233-6479","contributorId":882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chou","given":"I-Ming","email":"imchou@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":456271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hu, W.","contributorId":61284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hu","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burruss, Robert 0000-0001-6827-804X burruss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6827-804X","contributorId":146833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burruss","given":"Robert","email":"burruss@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":456275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sun, Q.","contributorId":95734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sun","given":"Q.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Song, Y.","contributorId":92443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Song","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70036474,"text":"70036474 - 2011 - Adaptive finite volume methods with well-balanced Riemann solvers for modeling floods in rugged terrain: Application to the Malpasset dam-break flood (France, 1959)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:05","indexId":"70036474","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2023,"text":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Adaptive finite volume methods with well-balanced Riemann solvers for modeling floods in rugged terrain: Application to the Malpasset dam-break flood (France, 1959)","docAbstract":"The simulation of advancing flood waves over rugged topography, by solving the shallow-water equations with well-balanced high-resolution finite volume methods and block-structured dynamic adaptive mesh refinement (AMR), is described and validated in this paper. The efficiency of block-structured AMR makes large-scale problems tractable, and allows the use of accurate and stable methods developed for solving general hyperbolic problems on quadrilateral grids. Features indicative of flooding in rugged terrain, such as advancing wet-dry fronts and non-stationary steady states due to balanced source terms from variable topography, present unique challenges and require modifications such as special Riemann solvers. A well-balanced Riemann solver for inundation and general (non-stationary) flow over topography is tested in this context. The difficulties of modeling floods in rugged terrain, and the rationale for and efficacy of using AMR and well-balanced methods, are presented. The algorithms are validated by simulating the Malpasset dam-break flood (France, 1959), which has served as a benchmark problem previously. Historical field data, laboratory model data and other numerical simulation results (computed on static fitted meshes) are shown for comparison. The methods are implemented in GEOCLAW, a subset of the open-source CLAWPACK software. All the software is freely available at. Published in 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/fld.2298","issn":"02712091","usgsCitation":"George, D., 2011, Adaptive finite volume methods with well-balanced Riemann solvers for modeling floods in rugged terrain: Application to the Malpasset dam-break flood (France, 1959): International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids, v. 66, no. 8, p. 1000-1018, https://doi.org/10.1002/fld.2298.","startPage":"1000","endPage":"1018","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218179,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fld.2298"},{"id":246164,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"66","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e6e4e4b0c8380cd476e0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"George, D.L.","contributorId":54419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"George","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70036606,"text":"70036606 - 2011 - Deep long-period earthquakes beneath Washington and Oregon volcanoes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-29T19:07:10.45294","indexId":"70036606","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deep long-period earthquakes beneath Washington and Oregon volcanoes","docAbstract":"

Deep long-period (DLP) earthquakes are an enigmatic type of seismicity occurring near or beneath volcanoes. They are commonly associated with the presence of magma, and found in some cases to correlate with eruptive activity. To more thoroughly understand and characterize DLP occurrence near volcanoes in Washington and Oregon, we systematically searched the Pacific Northwest Seismic Network (PNSN) triggered earthquake catalog for DLPs occurring between 1980 (when PNSN began collecting digital data) and October 2009. Through our analysis we identified 60 DLPs beneath six Cascade volcanic centers. No DLPs were associated with volcanic activity, including the 1980–1986 and 2004–2008 eruptions at Mount St. Helens. More than half of the events occurred near Mount Baker, where the background flux of magmatic gases is greatest among Washington and Oregon volcanoes. The six volcanoes with DLPs (counts in parentheses) are Mount Baker (31), Glacier Peak (9), Mount Rainier (9), Mount St. Helens (9), Three Sisters (1), and Crater Lake (1). No DLPs were identified beneath Mount Adams, Mount Hood, Mount Jefferson, or Newberry Volcano, although (except at Hood) that may be due in part to poorer network coverage. In cases where the DLPs do not occur directly beneath the volcanic edifice, the locations coincide with large structural faults that extend into the deep crust. Our observations suggest the occurrence of DLPs in these areas could represent fluid and/or magma transport along pre-existing tectonic structures in the middle crust.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2010.12.005","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Nichols, M., Malone, S.D., Moran, S.C., Thelen, W.A., and Vidale, J., 2011, Deep long-period earthquakes beneath Washington and Oregon volcanoes: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 200, no. 3-4, p. 116-128, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2010.12.005.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"116","endPage":"128","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245450,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217499,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2010.12.005"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.88281249999999,\n 48.922499263758255\n ],\n [\n -122.3876953125,\n 48.777912755501845\n ],\n [\n -122.36572265625,\n 47.62097541515849\n ],\n [\n -123.28857421875,\n 45.398449976304086\n ],\n [\n -123.64013671874999,\n 42.69858589169842\n ],\n [\n -120.41015624999999,\n 42.65012181368022\n ],\n [\n -119.90478515625,\n 44.77793589631623\n ],\n [\n -119.92675781249999,\n 46.22545288226939\n ],\n [\n -119.88281249999999,\n 48.922499263758255\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"200","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe25e4b0c8380cd4eb49","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nichols, M.L.","contributorId":67757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Malone, S. D.","contributorId":48310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malone","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moran, Seth C. 0000-0001-7308-9649 smoran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7308-9649","contributorId":548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moran","given":"Seth","email":"smoran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":456969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thelen, Weston A. 0000-0003-2534-5577 wthelen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2534-5577","contributorId":4126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thelen","given":"Weston","email":"wthelen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":456967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Vidale, J.E.","contributorId":55849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vidale","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70036335,"text":"70036335 - 2011 - Estimates of stress drop and crustal tectonic stress from the 27 February 2010 Maule, Chile, earthquake: Implications for fault strength","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-18T20:36:02.342986","indexId":"70036335","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimates of stress drop and crustal tectonic stress from the 27 February 2010 Maule, Chile, earthquake: Implications for fault strength","docAbstract":"

The great 27 February 2010 Mw 8.8 earthquake off the coast of southern Chile ruptured a ∼600 km length of subduction zone. In this paper, we make two independent estimates of shear stress in the crust in the region of the Chile earthquake. First, we use a coseismic slip model constrained by geodetic observations from interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) and GPS to derive a spatially variable estimate of the change in static shear stress along the ruptured fault. Second, we use a static force balance model to constrain the crustal shear stress required to simultaneously support observed fore‐arc topography and the stress orientation indicated by the earthquake focal mechanism. This includes the derivation of a semianalytic solution for the stress field exerted by surface and Moho topography loading the crust. We find that the deviatoric stress exerted by topography is minimized in the limit when the crust is considered an incompressible elastic solid, with a Poisson ratio of 0.5, and is independent of Young's modulus. This places a strict lower bound on the critical stress state maintained by the crust supporting plastically deformed accretionary wedge topography. We estimate the coseismic shear stress change from the Maule event ranged from −6 MPa (stress increase) to 17 MPa (stress drop), with a maximum depth‐averaged crustal shear‐stress drop of 4 MPa. We separately estimate that the plate‐driving forces acting in the region, regardless of their exact mechanism, must contribute at least 27 MPa trench‐perpendicular compression and 15 MPa trench‐parallel compression. This corresponds to a depth‐averaged shear stress of at least 7 MPa. The comparable magnitude of these two independent shear stress estimates is consistent with the interpretation that the section of the megathrust fault ruptured in the Maule earthquake is weak, with the seismic cycle relieving much of the total sustained shear stress in the crust.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2011JB008509","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Luttrell, K., Tong, X., Sandwell, D., Brooks, B., and Bevis, M., 2011, Estimates of stress drop and crustal tectonic stress from the 27 February 2010 Maule, Chile, earthquake: Implications for fault strength: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 116, no. 11, B11401, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JB008509.","productDescription":"B11401, 13 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475193,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2011jb008509","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":246545,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218525,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011JB008509"}],"country":"Chile","otherGeospatial":"Maule","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.47656249999999,\n -39.07890809706474\n ],\n [\n -71.5869140625,\n -34.47033512121748\n ],\n [\n -72.48779296875,\n -34.107256396631186\n ],\n [\n -74.794921875,\n -38.358887858666755\n ],\n [\n -73.47656249999999,\n -39.07890809706474\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"116","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-11-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0af1e4b0c8380cd524c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Luttrell, K.M.","contributorId":103514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luttrell","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tong, X.","contributorId":12305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tong","given":"X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sandwell, D.T.","contributorId":99812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandwell","given":"D.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brooks, B.A.","contributorId":107093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bevis, M.G.","contributorId":74999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bevis","given":"M.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70036472,"text":"70036472 - 2011 - Characterizing land surface change and levee stability in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta using UAVSAR radar imagery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-08T18:55:15.266512","indexId":"70036472","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Characterizing land surface change and levee stability in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta using UAVSAR radar imagery","docAbstract":"

The islands of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta have been subject to subsidence since they were first reclaimed from the estuary marshlands starting over 100 years ago, with most of the land currently lying below mean sea level. This area, which is the primary water resource of the state of California, is under constant threat of inundation from levee failure. Since July 2009, we have been imaging the area using the quad-polarimetric UAVSAR L-band radar, with eighteen data sets collected as of April 2011. Here we report results of our polarimetric and differential interferometric analysis of the data for levee deformation and land surface change.

","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"conferenceTitle":"2011 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, IGARSS 2011","conferenceDate":"July 24-29, 2011","conferenceLocation":"Vancouver, BC","language":"English","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2011.6049546","isbn":"9781457710056","usgsCitation":"Jones, C., Bawden, G., Deverel, S., Dudas, J., and Hensley, S., 2011, Characterizing land surface change and levee stability in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta using UAVSAR radar imagery, in International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS), Vancouver, BC, July 24-29, 2011, p. 1638-1641, https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2011.6049546.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1638","endPage":"1641","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246134,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218149,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2011.6049546"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.22265625000001,\n 36.98500309285596\n ],\n [\n -121.2451171875,\n 36.98500309285596\n ],\n [\n -121.2451171875,\n 38.42777351132902\n ],\n [\n -123.22265625000001,\n 38.42777351132902\n ],\n [\n -123.22265625000001,\n 36.98500309285596\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f4ffe4b0c8380cd4c021","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, C.","contributorId":42914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bawden, G.","contributorId":63597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bawden","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Deverel, S.","contributorId":34370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deverel","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dudas, J.","contributorId":93745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dudas","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hensley, S.","contributorId":6175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hensley","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70036470,"text":"70036470 - 2011 - Unravelling long-term vegetation change patterns in a binational watershed using multitemporal land cover data and historical photography","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-08T19:12:03.452045","indexId":"70036470","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Unravelling long-term vegetation change patterns in a binational watershed using multitemporal land cover data and historical photography","docAbstract":"

A significant amount of research conducted in the Sonoran Desert of North America has documented, both anecdotally and empirically, major vegetation changes over the past century due to human land use activities. However, many studies lack coincidental landscape-scale data characterizing the spatial and temporal manifestation of these changes. Vegetation changes in a binational (USA and Mexico) watershed were documented using a series of four land cover maps (1979-2009) derived from multispectral satellite imagery. Cover changes are compared to georeferenced, repeat oblique photographs dating from the late 19 th century to present. Results indicate the expansion of grassland over the past 20 years following nearly a century of decline. Historical repeat photography documents early-mid 20 th century mesquite invasions, but recent land cover data and rephotography demonstrate declines in xeroriparian/riparian mesquite communities in recent decades. These vegetation changes are variable over the landscape and influenced by topography and land management.

","largerWorkTitle":"2011 6th International Workshop on the Analysis of Multi-Temporal Remote Sensing Images, Multi-Temp 2011 - Proceedings","conferenceTitle":"2011 6th International Workshop on the Analysis of Multi-Temporal Remote Sensing Images, Multi-Temp 2011","conferenceDate":"July 12-14, 2011","conferenceLocation":"Trento, Italy","language":"English","doi":"10.1109/Multi-Temp.2011.6005058","isbn":"9781457712036","usgsCitation":"Villarreal, M., Norman, L.M., Webb, R., Boyer, D.E., and Turner, R., 2011, Unravelling long-term vegetation change patterns in a binational watershed using multitemporal land cover data and historical photography, in 2011 6th International Workshop on the Analysis of Multi-Temporal Remote Sensing Images, Multi-Temp 2011 - Proceedings, Trento, Italy, July 12-14, 2011, p. 101-104, https://doi.org/10.1109/Multi-Temp.2011.6005058.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"101","endPage":"104","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246613,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218587,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/Multi-Temp.2011.6005058"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California","otherGeospatial":"Sonoran Desert of North America","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.85107421875,\n 32.509761735919426\n ],\n [\n -111.533203125,\n 31.50362930577303\n ],\n [\n -109.3359375,\n 33.94335994657882\n ],\n [\n -115.04882812499999,\n 34.95799531086792\n ],\n [\n -114.85107421875,\n 32.509761735919426\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbcdfe4b08c986b328e4d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Villarreal, M.L.","contributorId":74254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Villarreal","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Norman, Laura M. 0000-0002-3696-8406 lnorman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3696-8406","contributorId":967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norman","given":"Laura","email":"lnorman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":456300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Webb, Robert rhwebb@usgs.gov","contributorId":187755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"Robert","email":"rhwebb@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":456299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boyer, Diane E.","contributorId":22018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyer","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Turner, R.E.","contributorId":39749,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Turner","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16756,"text":"Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":456301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70036359,"text":"70036359 - 2011 - Storms, floods, and the science of atmospheric rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:03","indexId":"70036359","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Storms, floods, and the science of atmospheric rivers","docAbstract":"Imagine a stream of water thousands of kilometers long and as wide as the distance between New York City and Washington, D. C., flowing toward you at 30 miles per hour. No, this is not some hypothetical physics problemit is a real river, carrying more water than 7-15 Mississippi Rivers combined. But it is not on land. It's a river of water vapor in the atmosphere. Atmospheric rivers (ARs) are narrow corridors of water vapor transport in the lower atmosphere that traverse long swaths of the Earth's surface as they bind together the atmospheric water cycle (Figure 1). The characteristic (indeed defining) dimensions of these ARs are (1) integrated water vapor (IWV) concentrations such that if all the vapor in the atmospheric column were condensed into liquid water, the result would be a layer 2 or more centimeters thick; (2) wind speeds of greater than 12.5 meters per second in the lowest 2 kilometers; and (3) a shape that is long and narrow, no more than 400-500 kilometers wide, and extending for thousands of kilometers, sometimes across entire ocean basins.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2011EO320001","issn":"00963941","usgsCitation":"Ralph, F., and Dettinger, M.D., 2011, Storms, floods, and the science of atmospheric rivers: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 92, no. 32, p. 265-266, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011EO320001.","startPage":"265","endPage":"266","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":488022,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2011eo320001","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":246407,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218405,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011EO320001"}],"volume":"92","issue":"32","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9887e4b08c986b31c082","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ralph, F.M.","contributorId":39174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ralph","given":"F.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dettinger, M. D. 0000-0002-7509-7332","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":93069,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dettinger","given":"M.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":16196,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":455722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70036467,"text":"70036467 - 2011 - Structure of the San Fernando Valley region, California: implications for seismic hazard and tectonic history","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-31T12:59:45","indexId":"70036467","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Structure of the San Fernando Valley region, California: implications for seismic hazard and tectonic history","docAbstract":"Industry seismic reflection data, oil test well data, interpretation of gravity and magnetic data, and seismic refraction deep-crustal profiles provide new perspectives on the subsurface geology of San Fernando Valley, home of two of the most recent damaging earthquakes in southern California. Seismic reflection data provide depths to Miocene–Quaternary horizons; beneath the base of the Late Miocene Modelo Formation are largely nonreflective rocks of the Middle Miocene Topanga and older formations. Gravity and seismic reflection data reveal the North Leadwell fault zone, a set of down-to-the-north faults that does not offset the top of the Modelo Formation; the zone strikes northwest across the valley, and may be part of the Oak Ridge fault system to the west. In the southeast part of the valley, the fault zone bounds a concealed basement high that influenced deposition of the Late Miocene Tarzana fan and may have localized damage from the 1994 Northridge earthquake. Gravity and seismic refraction data indicate that the basin underlying San Fernando Valley is asymmetric, the north part of the basin (Sylmar subbasin) reaching depths of 5–8 km. Magnetic data suggest a major boundary at or near the Verdugo fault, which likely started as a Miocene transtensional fault, and show a change in the dip sense of the fault along strike. The northwest projection of the Verdugo fault separates the Sylmar subbasin from the main San Fernando Valley and coincides with the abrupt change in structural style from the Santa Susana fault to the Sierra Madre fault. The Simi Hills bound the basin on the west and, as defined by gravity data, the boundary is linear and strikes ~N45°E. That northeast-trending gravity gradient follows both the part of the 1971 San Fernando aftershock distribution called the Chatsworth trend and the aftershock trends of the 1994 Northridge earthquake. These data suggest that the 1971 San Fernando and 1994 Northridge earthquakes reactivated portions of Miocene normal faults.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geosphere","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","doi":"10.1130/GES00597.1","issn":"1553040X","usgsCitation":"Langenheim, V., Wright, T.L., Okaya, D.A., Yeats, R., Fuis, G., Thygesen, K., and Thybo, H., 2011, Structure of the San Fernando Valley region, California: implications for seismic hazard and tectonic history: Geosphere, v. 7, no. 2, p. 528-572, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES00597.1.","productDescription":"45 p.","startPage":"528","endPage":"572","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475416,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges00597.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":218559,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/GES00597.1"},{"id":246581,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Fernando Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.41,32.53 ], [ -124.41,42.01 ], [ -114.13,42.01 ], [ -114.13,32.53 ], [ -124.41,32.53 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"7","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9c60e4b08c986b31d3cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langenheim, V.E. 0000-0003-2170-5213","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2170-5213","contributorId":54956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langenheim","given":"V.E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":456283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wright, T. L.","contributorId":11188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Okaya, D. A.","contributorId":64280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Okaya","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yeats, R.S.","contributorId":48990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yeats","given":"R.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fuis, G. S.","contributorId":83131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuis","given":"G. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Thygesen, K.","contributorId":56840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thygesen","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Thybo, H.","contributorId":57599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thybo","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70036607,"text":"70036607 - 2011 - The effect of fire and permafrost interactions on soil carbon accumulation in an upland black spruce ecosystem of interior Alaska: Implications for post-thaw carbon loss","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-29T19:00:10.737067","indexId":"70036607","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effect of fire and permafrost interactions on soil carbon accumulation in an upland black spruce ecosystem of interior Alaska: Implications for post-thaw carbon loss","docAbstract":"

High‐latitude regions store large amounts of organic carbon (OC) in active‐layer soils and permafrost, accounting for nearly half of the global belowground OC pool. In the boreal region, recent warming has promoted changes in the fire regime, which may exacerbate rates of permafrost thaw and alter soil OC dynamics in both organic and mineral soil. We examined how interactions between fire and permafrost govern rates of soil OC accumulation in organic horizons, mineral soil of the active layer, and near‐surface permafrost in a black spruce ecosystem of interior Alaska. To estimate OC accumulation rates, we used chronosequence, radiocarbon, and modeling approaches. We also developed a simple model to track long‐term changes in soil OC stocks over past fire cycles and to evaluate the response of OC stocks to future changes in the fire regime. Our chronosequence and radiocarbon data indicate that OC turnover varies with soil depth, with fastest turnover occurring in shallow organic horizons (∼60 years) and slowest turnover in near‐surface permafrost (>3000 years). Modeling analysis indicates that OC accumulation in organic horizons was strongly governed by carbon losses via combustion and burial of charred remains in deep organic horizons. OC accumulation in mineral soil was influenced by active layer depth, which determined the proportion of mineral OC in a thawed or frozen state and thus, determined loss rates via decomposition. Our model results suggest that future changes in fire regime will result in substantial reductions in OC stocks, largely from the deep organic horizon. Additional OC losses will result from fire‐induced thawing of near‐surface permafrost. From these findings, we conclude that the vulnerability of deep OC stocks to future warming is closely linked to the sensitivity of permafrost to wildfire disturbance.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02358.x","issn":"13541013","usgsCitation":"O'Donnell, J., Harden, J., McGuire, A., Kanevskiy, M., Jorgenson, M., and Xu, X., 2011, The effect of fire and permafrost interactions on soil carbon accumulation in an upland black spruce ecosystem of interior Alaska: Implications for post-thaw carbon loss: Global Change Biology, v. 17, no. 3, p. 1461-1474, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02358.x.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1461","endPage":"1474","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475358,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02358.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245451,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217500,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02358.x"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Hess Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -150.62255859375,\n 65.53117097417717\n ],\n [\n -144.64599609375,\n 65.53117097417717\n ],\n [\n -144.64599609375,\n 66.86108230224609\n ],\n [\n -150.62255859375,\n 66.86108230224609\n ],\n [\n -150.62255859375,\n 65.53117097417717\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"17","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bab27e4b08c986b322c6d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O'Donnell, J. A.","contributorId":85367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Donnell","given":"J. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harden, J.W. 0000-0002-6570-8259","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-8259","contributorId":38585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McGuire, A. D.","contributorId":16552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kanevskiy, M.Z.","contributorId":53603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kanevskiy","given":"M.Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jorgenson, M.T.","contributorId":26889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jorgenson","given":"M.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Xu, X.","contributorId":55166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70036106,"text":"70036106 - 2011 - Mechanism of the 1996-97 non-eruptive volcano-tectonic earthquake swarm at Iliamna Volcano, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-02T19:44:34.24175","indexId":"70036106","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1109,"text":"Bulletin of Volcanology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mechanism of the 1996-97 non-eruptive volcano-tectonic earthquake swarm at Iliamna Volcano, Alaska","docAbstract":"

A significant number of volcano-tectonic (VT) earthquake swarms, some of which are accompanied by ground deformation and/or volcanic gas emissions, do not culminate in an eruption. These swarms are often thought to represent stalled intrusions of magma into the mid- or shallow-level crust. Real-time assessment of the likelihood that a VT swarm will culminate in an eruption is one of the key challenges of volcano monitoring, and retrospective analysis of non-eruptive swarms provides an important framework for future assessments. Here we explore models for a non-eruptive VT earthquake swarm located beneath Iliamna Volcano, Alaska, in May 1996–June 1997 through calculation and inversion of fault-plane solutions for swarm and background periods, and through Coulomb stress modeling of faulting types and hypocenter locations observed during the swarm. Through a comparison of models of deep and shallow intrusions to swarm observations, we aim to test the hypothesis that the 1996–97 swarm represented a shallow intrusion, or “failed” eruption. Observations of the 1996–97 swarm are found to be consistent with several scenarios including both shallow and deep intrusion, most likely involving a relatively small volume of intruded magma and/or a low degree of magma pressurization corresponding to a relatively low likelihood of eruption.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Link","doi":"10.1007/s00445-010-0439-7","issn":"02588900","usgsCitation":"Roman, D., and Power, J.A., 2011, Mechanism of the 1996-97 non-eruptive volcano-tectonic earthquake swarm at Iliamna Volcano, Alaska: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 73, no. 2, p. 143-153, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-010-0439-7.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"143","endPage":"153","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246329,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218330,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00445-010-0439-7"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Iliamna Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -154.68749999999997,\n 58.802361927759456\n ],\n [\n -147.67822265625,\n 58.802361927759456\n ],\n [\n -147.67822265625,\n 62.32920841458002\n ],\n [\n -154.68749999999997,\n 62.32920841458002\n ],\n [\n -154.68749999999997,\n 58.802361927759456\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"73","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-02-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5367e4b0c8380cd6ca6a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roman, Diana","contributorId":237832,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roman","given":"Diana","affiliations":[{"id":47620,"text":"Dept. of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington DC 20015","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":454217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Power, John A. 0000-0002-7233-4398 jpower@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7233-4398","contributorId":2768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Power","given":"John","email":"jpower@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":454216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70036102,"text":"70036102 - 2011 - Post-breeding bird responses to canopy tree retention, stand size, and edge in regenerating Appalachian hardwood stands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-27T13:28:11","indexId":"70036102","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1687,"text":"Forest Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Post-breeding bird responses to canopy tree retention, stand size, and edge in regenerating Appalachian hardwood stands","docAbstract":"

Avian use of even-aged timber harvests is likely affected by stand attributes such as size, amount of edge, and retained basal area, all characteristics that can easily be manipulated in timber harvesting plans. However, few studies have examined their effects during the post-breeding period. We studied the impacts of clearcut, low-leave two-age, and high-leave two-age harvesting on post-breeding birds using transect sampling and mist-netting in north-central West Virginia. In our approach, we studied the effects of these harvest types as well as stand size and edge on species characteristic of both early-successional and mature forest habitats. In 2005–2006, 13 stands ranging from 4 to 10 years post-harvest and 4–21 ha in size were sampled from late June through mid-August. Capture rates and relative abundance were similar among treatments for generalist birds. Early-successional birds had the lowest capture rates and fewer species (∼30% lower), and late-successional birds reached their highest abundance and species totals (double the other treatments) in high-leave two-age stands. Area sensitivity was evident for all breeding habitat groups. Both generalist and late-successional bird captures were negatively related to stand size, but these groups showed no clear edge effects. Mean relative abundance decreased to nearly zero for the latter group in the largest stands. In contrast, early-successional species tended to use stand interiors more often and responded positively to stand size. Capture rates for this group tripled as stand size increased from 4 to 21 ha. Few birds in the forest periphery responded to harvest edge types despite within-stand edge effects evident for several species. To create suitable habitat for early-successional birds, large, non-linear openings with a low retained basal area are ideal, while smaller harvests and increased residual tree retention would provide habitat for more late-successional birds post-breeding. Although our study has identified habitat use patterns for different species in timber harvests, understanding habitat-specific bird survival is needed to help determine the quality of silvicultural harvests for post-breeding birds.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2011.04.024","issn":"03781127","usgsCitation":"McDermott, M., and Wood, P.B., 2011, Post-breeding bird responses to canopy tree retention, stand size, and edge in regenerating Appalachian hardwood stands: Forest Ecology and Management, v. 262, no. 3, p. 547-554, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2011.04.024.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"547","endPage":"554","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246298,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218299,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2011.04.024"}],"volume":"262","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7e56e4b0c8380cd7a499","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McDermott, Molly E. 0000-0002-0000-0831","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0000-0831","contributorId":169743,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McDermott","given":"Molly E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wood, Petra B. 0000-0002-8575-1705 pbwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8575-1705","contributorId":199090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Petra","email":"pbwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":454209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70036547,"text":"70036547 - 2011 - Canine detection of free-ranging brown treesnakes on Guam","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-04T20:40:03.517571","indexId":"70036547","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2867,"text":"New Zealand Journal of Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Canine detection of free-ranging brown treesnakes on Guam","docAbstract":"

We investigated canine teams (dogs and their handlers) on Guam as a potential tool for finding invasive brown treesnakes (Boiga irregularis) in the wild. Canine teams searched a 40 × 40 m forested area for a snake that had consumed a dead mouse containing a radio-transmitter. To avoid tainting the target or target area with human scent, no snake was handled or closely approached prior to searches. Trials were conducted during the morning when these nocturnal snakes were usually hidden in refugia. A radiotracker knew the snake's location, but dog handlers and search navigators did not. Of 85 trials conducted over four months, the two canine teams had an average success rate of 35% of correctly defining an area ≤ 5 × 5 m that contained the transmittered snake; the team with more experience prior to the trials had a success rate of 44% compared with 26% for the less experienced team. Canine teams also found 11 shed skins from wild snakes. Although dogs alerted outside the vicinity of transmittered snakes, only one wild, non-transmittered snake was found during the trials, possibly reflecting the difficulty humans have in locating non-transmittered brown treesnakes in refugia. We evaluated success at finding snakes as a function of canine team, number of prior trials (i.e. experience gained during the trials), recent canine success at finding a target snake, various environmental conditions, snake perch height, and snake characteristics (snout-vent length and sex). Success rate increased over the course of the trials. Canine team success also increased with increasing average humidity and decreased with increasing average wind speed. Our results suggest dogs could be useful at detecting brown treesnakes in refugia, particularly when compared to daytime visual searches by humans, but techniques are needed to help humans find and extract snakes once a dog has alerted.

","language":"English","publisher":"New Zealand Ecological Society","issn":"01106465","usgsCitation":"Savidge, J.A., Stanford, J.W., Reed, R., Haddock, G.R., and Yackel Adams, A.A., 2011, Canine detection of free-ranging brown treesnakes on Guam: New Zealand Journal of Ecology, v. 35, no. 2, p. 174-181.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"174","endPage":"181","ipdsId":"IP-025665","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245570,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":383031,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://newzealandecology.org/nzje/2954"}],"country":"Guam","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 144.613037109375,\n 13.21588212346288\n ],\n [\n 144.97833251953125,\n 13.21588212346288\n ],\n [\n 144.97833251953125,\n 13.656662778922\n ],\n [\n 144.613037109375,\n 13.656662778922\n ],\n [\n 144.613037109375,\n 13.21588212346288\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"35","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f342e4b0c8380cd4b6cb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savidge, Julie A.","contributorId":175196,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Savidge","given":"Julie","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":456666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stanford, James W.","contributorId":65775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanford","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reed, Robert 0000-0001-8349-6168 reedr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8349-6168","contributorId":152301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"Robert","email":"reedr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":456667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haddock, Ginger R.","contributorId":117675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haddock","given":"Ginger","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Yackel Adams, Amy A. 0000-0002-7044-8447 yackela@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7044-8447","contributorId":3116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yackel Adams","given":"Amy","email":"yackela@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":456668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70036539,"text":"70036539 - 2011 - Early growth of Kohala volcano and formation of long Hawaiian rift zones","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-06T00:48:51.899651","indexId":"70036539","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Early growth of Kohala volcano and formation of long Hawaiian rift zones","docAbstract":"

Transitional-composition pillow basalts from the toe of the Hilo Ridge, collected from outcrop by submersible, have yielded the oldest ages known from the Island of Hawaii: 1138 ± 34 to 1159 ± 33 ka. Hilo Ridge has long been interpreted as a submarine rift zone of Mauna Kea, but the new ages validate proposals that it is the distal east rift zone of Kohala, the oldest subaerial volcano on the island. These ages constrain the inception of tholeiitic volcanism at Kohala, provide the first measured duration of tholeiitic shield building (≥870 k.y.) for any Hawaiian volcano, and show that this 125-km-long rift zone developed to near-total length during early growth of Kohala. Long eastern-trending rift zones of Hawaiian volcanoes may follow fractures in oceanic crust activated by arching of the Hawaiian Swell in front of the propagating hotspot.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/G31929.1","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Lipman, P.W., and Calvert, A.T., 2011, Early growth of Kohala volcano and formation of long Hawaiian rift zones: Geology, v. 39, no. 7, p. 659-662, https://doi.org/10.1130/G31929.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"659","endPage":"662","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245418,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.55679321289062,\n 20.128155311797183\n ],\n [\n 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acalvert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5237-2218","contributorId":2694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Calvert","given":"Andrew","email":"acalvert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":456611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70036549,"text":"70036549 - 2011 - Aeolian nutrient fluxes following wildfire in sagebrush steppe: Implications for soil carbon storage","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-29T20:17:35.042067","indexId":"70036549","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1012,"text":"Biogeosciences Discussions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aeolian nutrient fluxes following wildfire in sagebrush steppe: Implications for soil carbon storage","docAbstract":"

. Pulses of aeolian transport following fire can profoundly affect the biogeochemical cycling of nutrients in semi-arid and arid ecosystems. Our objective was to determine horizontal nutrient fluxes occurring in the saltation zone during an episodic pulse of aeolian transport that occurred following a wildfire in a semi-arid sagebrush steppe ecosystem in southern Idaho, USA. We also examined how temporal trends in nutrient fluxes were affected by changes in particle sizes of eroded mass as well as nutrient concentrations associated with different particle size classes. In the burned area, total carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) fluxes were as high as 235 g Cm-1 d-1 and 19 g N m-1 d-1 during the first few months following fire, whereas C and N fluxes were negligible in an adjacent unburned area throughout the study. Temporal variation in C and N fluxes following fire was largely attributable to the redistribution of saltation-sized particles. Total N and organic C concentrations in the soil surface were significantly lower in the burned relative to the unburned area one year after fire. Our results show how an episodic pulse of aeolian transport following fire can affect the spatial distribution of soil C and N, which, in turn, can have important implications for soil C storage. These findings demonstrate how an ecological disturbance can exacerbate a geomorphic process and highlight the need for further research to better understand the role aeolian transport plays in the biogeochemical cycling of C and N in recently burned landscapes.

","language":"English","publisher":"European Geosciences Union","doi":"10.5194/bgd-8-8323-2011","issn":"18106277","usgsCitation":"Hasselquist, N., Germino, M., Sankey, J.B., Ingram, L., and Glenn, N., 2011, Aeolian nutrient fluxes following wildfire in sagebrush steppe: Implications for soil carbon storage: Biogeosciences Discussions, v. 8, no. 4, p. 8323-8349, https://doi.org/10.5194/bgd-8-8323-2011.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"8323","endPage":"8349","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475294,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/bgd-8-8323-2011","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245601,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217644,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-8-8323-2011"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Southern Idaho","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.00439453125,\n 42.00032514831621\n ],\n [\n -111.09374999999999,\n 42.00032514831621\n ],\n [\n -111.09374999999999,\n 43.866218006556394\n ],\n [\n -117.00439453125,\n 43.866218006556394\n ],\n [\n -117.00439453125,\n 42.00032514831621\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e70fe4b0c8380cd47817","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hasselquist, N.J.","contributorId":21769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hasselquist","given":"N.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Germino, M.J.","contributorId":82537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Germino","given":"M.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sankey, Joel B. 0000-0003-3150-4992 jsankey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3150-4992","contributorId":3935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sankey","given":"Joel","email":"jsankey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":456685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ingram, L.J.","contributorId":101465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingram","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Glenn, N.F.","contributorId":35130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glenn","given":"N.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70036113,"text":"70036113 - 2011 - The 2007 Nazko, British Columbia, earthquake sequence: Injection of magma deep in the crust beneath the Anahim volcanic belt","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:05","indexId":"70036113","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The 2007 Nazko, British Columbia, earthquake sequence: Injection of magma deep in the crust beneath the Anahim volcanic belt","docAbstract":"On 9 October 2007, an unusual sequence of earthquakes began in central British Columbia about 20 km west of the Nazko cone, the most recent (circa 7200 yr) volcanic center in the Anahim volcanic belt. Within 25 hr, eight earthquakes of magnitude 2.3-2.9 occurred in a region where no earthquakes had previously been recorded. During the next three weeks, more than 800 microearthquakes were located (and many more detected), most at a depth of 25-31 km and within a radius of about 5 km. After about two months, almost all activity ceased. The clear P- and S-wave arrivals indicated that these were high-frequency (volcanic-tectonic) earthquakes and the b value of 1.9 that we calculated is anomalous for crustal earthquakes but consistent with volcanic-related events. Analysis of receiver functions at a station immediately above the seismicity indicated a Moho near 30 km depth. Precise relocation of the seismicity using a double-difference method suggested a horizontal migration at the rate of about 0:5 km=d, with almost all events within the lowermost crust. Neither harmonic tremor nor long-period events were observed; however, some spasmodic bursts were recorded and determined to be colocated with the earthquake hypocenters. These observations are all very similar to a deep earthquake sequence recorded beneath Lake Tahoe, California, in 2003-2004. Based on these remarkable similarities, we interpret the Nazko sequence as an indication of an injection of magma into the lower crust beneath the Anahim volcanic belt. This magma injection fractures rock, producing high-frequency, volcanic-tectonic earthquakes and spasmodic bursts.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120100013","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Cassidy, J., Balfour, N., Hickson, C., Kao, H., White, R., Caplan-Auerbach, J., Mazzotti, S., Rogers, G., Al-Khoubbi, I., Bird, A., Esteban, L., Kelman, M., Hutchinson, J., and McCormack, D., 2011, The 2007 Nazko, British Columbia, earthquake sequence: Injection of magma deep in the crust beneath the Anahim volcanic belt: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 101, no. 4, p. 1732-1741, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120100013.","startPage":"1732","endPage":"1741","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246461,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218451,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120100013"}],"volume":"101","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba64ce4b08c986b321022","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cassidy, J.F.","contributorId":18927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cassidy","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Balfour, N.","contributorId":37585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balfour","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hickson, C.","contributorId":14677,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hickson","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kao, H.","contributorId":53585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kao","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"White, Rickie","contributorId":100921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Rickie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Caplan-Auerbach, J.","contributorId":7057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caplan-Auerbach","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mazzotti, S.","contributorId":42824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mazzotti","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Rogers, Gary C.","contributorId":41980,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rogers","given":"Gary C.","affiliations":[{"id":13092,"text":"Geological Survey of Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":454283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Al-Khoubbi, I.","contributorId":56081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Al-Khoubbi","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Bird, A.L.","contributorId":35166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bird","given":"A.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Esteban, L.","contributorId":9104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esteban","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Kelman, M.","contributorId":61283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelman","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Hutchinson, J.","contributorId":91728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutchinson","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"McCormack, D.","contributorId":97648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCormack","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}} ,{"id":70036553,"text":"70036553 - 2011 - Position of the Triassic-Jurassic boundary and timing of the end-Triassic extinctions on land: Data from the Moenave Formation on the southern Colorado Plateau, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-05T17:39:26.105536","indexId":"70036553","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Position of the Triassic-Jurassic boundary and timing of the end-Triassic extinctions on land: Data from the Moenave Formation on the southern Colorado Plateau, USA","docAbstract":"

Strata of the Moenave Formation on and adjacent to the southern Colorado Plateau in Utah–Arizona, U.S.A., represent one of the best known and most stratigraphically continuous, complete and fossiliferous terrestrial sections across the Triassic–Jurassic boundary. We present a synthesis of new biostratigraphic and magnetostratigraphic data collected from across the Moenave Formation outcrop belt, which extends from the St. George area in southwestern Utah to the Tuba City area in northern Arizona. These data include palynomorphs, conchostracans and vertebrate fossils (including footprints) and a composite polarity record based on four overlapping magnetostratigraphic sections. Placement of the Triassic–Jurassic boundary in strata of the Moenave Formation has long been imprecise and debatable, but these new data (especially the conchostracans) allow us to place the Triassic–Jurassic boundary relatively precisely in the middle part of the Whitmore Point Member of the Moenave Formation, stratigraphically well above the highest occurrence of crurotarsan body fossils or footprints. Correlation to marine sections based on this placement indicates that major terrestrial vertebrate extinctions preceded marine extinctions across the Triassic–Jurassic boundary and therefore were likely unrelated to the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP) volcanism.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2011.01.009","issn":"00310182","usgsCitation":"Lucas, S.G., Tanner, L., Donohoo-Hurley, L., Geissman, J.W., Kozur, H.W., Heckert, A., and Weems, R.E., 2011, Position of the Triassic-Jurassic boundary and timing of the end-Triassic extinctions on land: Data from the Moenave Formation on the southern Colorado Plateau, USA: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 302, no. 3-4, p. 194-205, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2011.01.009.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"194","endPage":"205","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245659,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217699,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2011.01.009"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, Utah","otherGeospatial":"Moenave Formation","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.06005859375,\n 34.14363482031264\n ],\n [\n -110.654296875,\n 34.14363482031264\n ],\n [\n -110.654296875,\n 37.50972584293751\n ],\n [\n -114.06005859375,\n 37.50972584293751\n ],\n [\n -114.06005859375,\n 34.14363482031264\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"302","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7e03e4b0c8380cd7a2b5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lucas, S. G.","contributorId":76934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lucas","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tanner, L.H.","contributorId":59622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tanner","given":"L.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Donohoo-Hurley, L.","contributorId":7539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donohoo-Hurley","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Geissman, J. W.","contributorId":105760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geissman","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kozur, H. W.","contributorId":57301,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kozur","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Heckert, A.B.","contributorId":21387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heckert","given":"A.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Weems, Robert E. 0000-0002-1907-7804 rweems@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1907-7804","contributorId":2663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weems","given":"Robert","email":"rweems@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":456718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70194337,"text":"70194337 - 2011 - Young (<7 Ma) gold deposits and active geothermal systems of the Great Basin: Enigmas, questions, and exploration potential","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-30T13:05:30","indexId":"70194337","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Young (<7 Ma) gold deposits and active geothermal systems of the Great Basin: Enigmas, questions, and exploration potential","docAbstract":"

Young gold systems in the Great Basin (£ 7 Ma), though not as well studied as their older counterparts, comprise a rapidly growing and in some ways controversial group. The gold inventory for these systems has more than doubled in the last 5 years from roughly 370 tonnes (12 Moz) to 890 tonnes (29 Moz). Although these deposits are characterized by low grades, tonnages can be high and stripping ratios low, and they have been mined profitably, as exemplified by Florida Canyon and Hycroft. Active geothermal systems in the Great Basin also comprise a rapidly growing group, as evidenced by a number of recent discoveries of geothermal groundwater and a more than 50% increase in electricity production capacity from these systems in the last 5 years.

Many young gold deposits are closely associated with active geothermal systems, suggesting that gold deposits may be forming today in the Great Basin. Measured or estimated geothermal reservoir temperatures commonly approach or exceed 200∞C, and other characteristics and processes (advanced argillic caps, hydrothermal eruption breccias) of these young deposits resemble those of nearby Tertiary precious metal deposits. Nonetheless, many young gold systems, especially in Nevada, are not associated with coeval igneous rocks. Similarly, almost all electricity-grade geothermal systems in Nevada are not associated with Quaternary silicic volcanic rocks, and have lower temperature gradients, lower 3He/4He ratios, and lower dissolved trace element concentrations than most magmatic-heated geothermal systems elsewhere in the world.

The increasing economic significance of young gold deposits and active geothermal systems justifies more research to better understand their origins, particularly because in some aspects they remain enigmatic and controversial. Are young gold deposits in Nevada truly amagmatic, or have they received metal and fluid contributions from magmas deeper within the crust? Has gold in these deposits been remobilized from older gold mineralization? Current research is investigating these and other questions to improve our genetic understanding of these young gold systems, which in turn can lead to improved exploration targeting.

The recent rapid growth in resources for both young gold deposits and geothermal systems underscores their underdeveloped exploration potential. Even though many young gold deposits exhibit relatively shallow hot-springs-style mineralization, their young age may preclude exposure by erosion. Uplift along active normal faults has exposed some deposits (e.g., Florida Canyon, Dixie Comstock, Wind Mountain), but in other areas, such as the Walker Lane, where strike-slip faulting is prevalent, the opportunities for exposure can be limited. Many active geothermal systems are also concealed below the surface in that hot springs or steam vents may be absent above areas of thermal groundwater.

With sources of energy to support mine production becoming more problematic, the potential advantages of simultaneously exploring for young gold deposits and spatially associated geothermal systems are becoming more apparent. Exploration methods recently proven effective in geothermal exploration that can be adapted to gold exploration include temperature surveys, hyperspectral remote sensing, geophysical surveys, water analyses, and detailed mapping of geothermal-related features and related fault systems.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society of Nevada Symposium 2010: Great Basin Evolution and Metallogeny","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Geological Society of Nevada Symposium 2010: Great Basin Evolution and Metallogeny","conferenceDate":"May 14-22, 2010","conferenceLocation":"Reno, NV","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of Nevada","usgsCitation":"Coolbaugh, M.F., Vikre, P., and Faulds, J., 2011, Young (<7 Ma) gold deposits and active geothermal systems of the Great Basin: Enigmas, questions, and exploration potential, in Geological Society of Nevada Symposium 2010: Great Basin Evolution and Metallogeny, Reno, NV, May 14-22, 2010, p. 845-859.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"845","endPage":"859","ipdsId":"IP-022789","costCenters":[{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350792,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.atlasgeoinc.com/services/geothermal-exploration-and-assessment/geology/"},{"id":350793,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a719270e4b0a9a2e9dbde1c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coolbaugh, Mark F.","contributorId":193870,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coolbaugh","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vikre, Peter G. pvikre@usgs.gov","contributorId":1800,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vikre","given":"Peter G.","email":"pvikre@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":726188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Faulds, James E.","contributorId":184258,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Faulds","given":"James E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70036049,"text":"70036049 - 2011 - Permeability-porosity relationships of subduction zone sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-04T13:15:50.854651","indexId":"70036049","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Permeability-porosity relationships of subduction zone sediments","docAbstract":"

Permeability–porosity relationships for sediments from the northern Barbados, Costa Rica, Nankai, and Peru subduction zones were examined based on sediment type, grain size distribution, and general mechanical and chemical compaction history. Greater correlation was observed between permeability and porosity in siliciclastic sediments, diatom oozes, and nannofossil chalks than in nannofossil oozes. For siliciclastic sediments, grouping of sediments by percentage of clay-sized material yields relationships that are generally consistent with results from other marine settings and suggests decreasing permeability as percentage of clay-sized material increases. Correction of measured porosities for smectite content improved the correlation of permeability–porosity relationships for siliciclastic sediments and diatom oozes. The relationship between permeability and porosity for diatom oozes is very similar to the relationship in siliciclastic sediments, and permeabilities of both sediment types are related to the amount of clay-size particles. In contrast, nannofossil oozes have higher permeability values by 1.5 orders of magnitude than siliciclastic sediments of the same porosity and show poor correlation between permeability and porosity. More indurated calcareous sediments, nannofossil chalks, overlap siliciclastic permeabilities at the lower end of their measured permeability range, suggesting similar consolidation patterns at depth. Thus, the lack of correlation between permeability and porosity for nannofossil oozes is likely related to variations in mechanical and chemical compaction at shallow depths. This study provides the foundation for a much-needed global database with fundamental properties that relate to permeability in marine settings. Further progress in delineating controls on permeability requires additional carefully documented permeability measurements on well-characterized samples.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2010.10.010","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Gamage, K., Screaton, E., Bekins, B.A., and Aiello, I., 2011, Permeability-porosity relationships of subduction zone sediments: Marine Geology, v. 279, no. 1-4, p. 19-36, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2010.10.010.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"19","endPage":"36","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246490,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Barbados, Costa Rica, Peru","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -60.029296875,\n 12.46876014482322\n ],\n [\n -57.63427734374999,\n 12.46876014482322\n ],\n [\n -57.63427734374999,\n 13.752724664396988\n ],\n [\n -60.029296875,\n 13.752724664396988\n ],\n [\n -60.029296875,\n 12.46876014482322\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.82617187499999,\n -5.00339434502215\n ],\n [\n -80.595703125,\n -13.410994034321702\n ],\n [\n -70.6640625,\n -18.979025953255267\n ],\n [\n -68.37890625,\n -16.04581345375217\n ],\n [\n -69.169921875,\n -10.660607953624762\n ],\n [\n -72.685546875,\n -7.798078531355303\n ],\n [\n -72.421875,\n -5.703447982149503\n ],\n [\n -69.169921875,\n -4.390228926463384\n ],\n [\n -69.697265625,\n -1.9332268264771106\n ],\n [\n -75.9375,\n 0.5273363048115169\n ],\n [\n -81.82617187499999,\n -5.00339434502215\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.29833984375,\n 11.027472194117934\n ],\n [\n -86.0888671875,\n 11.286160768752602\n ],\n [\n -86.220703125,\n 10.033766870069249\n ],\n [\n -85.2978515625,\n 9.492408153765544\n ],\n [\n -82.9248046875,\n 7.928674801364048\n ],\n [\n -82.50732421875,\n 9.730714305756955\n ],\n [\n -83.29833984375,\n 11.027472194117934\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"279","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a76b7e4b0c8380cd7829b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gamage, Kusali","contributorId":78525,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gamage","given":"Kusali","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Screaton, Elizabeth","contributorId":93637,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Screaton","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bekins, Barbara A. 0000-0002-1411-6018 babekins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1411-6018","contributorId":1348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bekins","given":"Barbara","email":"babekins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":453783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Aiello, I.","contributorId":87789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiello","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}