Using an automated shuttlebox system, we conducted patch choice experiments with 32, 8–12 g bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) to test a behavioral energetics hypothesis of habitat choice. When patch temperature and food levels were held constant within patches but different between patches, we expected bluegill to choose patches that maximized growth based on the bioenergetic integration of food and temperature as predicted by a bioenergetics model. Alternative hypotheses were that bluegill may choose patches based only on food (optimal foraging) or temperature (behavioral thermoregulation). The behavioral energetics hypothesis was not a good predictor of short-term (from minutes to weeks) patch choice by bluegill; the behavioral thermoregulation hypothesis was the best predictor. In the short-term, food and temperature appeared to affect patch choice hierarchically; temperature was more important, although food can alter temperature preference during feeding periods. Over a 19-d experiment, mean temperatures occupied by fish offered low rations did decline as predicted by the behavioral energetics hypothesis, but the decline was less than 1.0 °C as opposed to a possible 5 °C decline. A short-term, bioenergetic response to food and temperature may be precluded by physiological costs of acclimation not considered explicitly in the behavioral energetics hypothesis.
","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/f90-190","usgsCitation":"NRC Research Press, 2011, Testing a bioenergetics-based habitat choice model: bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) responses to food availability and temperature: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 47, no. 9, p. 1664-1671, https://doi.org/10.1139/f90-190.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1664","endPage":"1671","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324169,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576a652ee4b07657d1a11cda"} ,{"id":70035777,"text":"70035777 - No Year - Observations on the use of membrane filtration and liquid impingement to collect airborne microorganisms in various atmospheric environments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-10T19:44:42.298838","indexId":"70035777","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":true,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":667,"text":"Aerobiologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Observations on the use of membrane filtration and liquid impingement to collect airborne microorganisms in various atmospheric environments","docAbstract":"The influence of sample-collection-time on the recovery of culturable airborne microorganisms using a low-flow-rate membrane-filtration unit and a high-flow-rate liquid impinger were investigated. Differences in recoveries were investigated in four different atmospheric environments, one mid-oceanic at an altitude of ~10.0 m, one on a mountain top at an altitude of ~3,000.0 m, one at ~1.0 m altitude in Tallahassee, Florida, and one at ~1.0 m above ground in a subterranean-cave. Regarding use of membrane filtration, a common trend was observed: the shorter the collection period, the higher the recovery of culturable bacteria and fungi. These data also demonstrated that lower culturable counts were common in the more remote mid-oceanic and mountain-top atmospheric environments with bacteria, fungi, and total numbers averaging (by sample time or method categories) <3.0 colony-forming units (CFU) m−3. At the Florida and subterranean sites, the lowest average count noted was 3.5 bacteria CFU m−3, and the highest averaged 140.4 total CFU m−3. When atmospheric temperature allowed use, the high-volume liquid impinger utilized in this study resulted in much higher recoveries, as much as 10× greater in a number of the categories (bacterial, fungal, and total CFU). Together, these data illustrated that (1) the high-volume liquid impinger is clearly superior to membrane filtration for aeromicrobiology studies if start-up costs are not an issue and temperature permits use; (2) although membrane filtration is more cost friendly and has a ‘typically’ wider operational range, its limits include loss of cell viability with increased sample time and issues with effectively extracting nucleic acids for community-based analyses; (3) the ability to recover culturable microorganisms is limited in ‘extreme’ atmospheric environments and thus the use of a ‘limited’ methodology in these environments must be taken into account; and (4) the atmosphere culls, i.e., everything is not everywhere.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Link","doi":"10.1007/s10453-010-9173-z","issn":"03935965","usgsCitation":"Griffin, D., Gonzalez, C., Teigell, N., Petrosky, T., Northup, D., and Lyles, M., 2011, Observations on the use of membrane filtration and liquid impingement to collect airborne microorganisms in various atmospheric environments: Aerobiologia, v. 27, no. 1, p. 25-35, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10453-010-9173-z.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"25","endPage":"35","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244273,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216404,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10453-010-9173-z"}],"volume":"27","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-06-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6ae0e4b0c8380cd743ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Griffin, Dale W.","contributorId":23668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffin","given":"Dale W.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":452319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gonzalez, C.","contributorId":64061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gonzalez","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Teigell, N.","contributorId":76967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Teigell","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Petrosky, Terry tcpetro@usgs.gov","contributorId":2226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petrosky","given":"Terry","email":"tcpetro@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":452323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Northup, D.E.","contributorId":14221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Northup","given":"D.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lyles, M.","contributorId":77386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyles","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70230193,"text":"70230193 - 2010 - Highly variable acquisition rates of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) by birds on an Atlantic barrier island","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-04T15:39:14.088515","indexId":"70230193","displayToPublicDate":"2022-04-04T10:30:06","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2385,"text":"Journal of Medical Entomology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Highly variable acquisition rates of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) by birds on an Atlantic barrier island","title":"Highly variable acquisition rates of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) by birds on an Atlantic barrier island","docAbstract":"Acquisition of ticks by bird hosts is a central process in the transmission cycles of many tick-borne zoonoses, but tick recruitment by birds has received little direct study. We documented acquisition of Ixodes scapularis Say on birds at Fire Island, NY, by removing ticks from mist-netted birds, and recording the number of ticks on birds recaptured within 4 d of release. Eight bird species acquired at least 0.8 ticks bird−1 day−1 during the seasonal peak for at least one age class of I. scapularis. Gray Catbirds, Eastern Towhees, Common Yellowthroats, and Northern Waterthrushes collectively accounted for 83% of all tick acquisitions; and six individuals apportioned among Black-billed Cuckoo, Gray Catbird, Eastern Towhee, and Common Yellowthroat were simultaneously infested with both larvae and nymphs. Bird species with the highest acquisition rates were generally ground foragers, whereas birds that did not acquire ticks in our samples generally foraged above the ground. Tick acquisition by birds did not differ between deciduous and coniferous forests. Among the 15 bird species with the highest recruitment rates, acquisition of nymphs was not correlated with acquisition of larvae. Tick acquisition rates by individual bird species were not correlated with the reservoir competence of those species for Lyme borreliae. However, birds with high tick acquisition rates can contribute large numbers of infected ticks, and thus help maintain the enzootic cycle, even if their levels of reservoir competence are relatively low.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1603/ME10086","usgsCitation":"Mitra, S.S., Buckley, P.A., Buckley, F.G., and Ginsberg, H., 2010, Highly variable acquisition rates of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) by birds on an Atlantic barrier island: Journal of Medical Entomology, v. 47, no. 6, p. 1019-1027, https://doi.org/10.1603/ME10086.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1019","endPage":"1027","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475451,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1603/me10086","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":398013,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Fire Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.31314086914062,\n 40.61551614707256\n ],\n [\n -73.13667297363281,\n 40.640530464129945\n ],\n [\n -73.0323028564453,\n 40.66918118282895\n ],\n [\n -72.89634704589844,\n 40.72176227543699\n ],\n [\n -72.90596008300781,\n 40.727486422997785\n ],\n [\n -72.99179077148438,\n 40.69677841595902\n ],\n [\n -73.09341430664062,\n 40.66605624777337\n ],\n [\n -73.17855834960938,\n 40.643656594948524\n ],\n [\n -73.20259094238281,\n 40.643656594948524\n ],\n [\n -73.24653625488281,\n 40.63219339951101\n ],\n [\n -73.27949523925781,\n 40.628024476792746\n ],\n [\n -73.31863403320312,\n 40.63115119323159\n ],\n [\n -73.31314086914062,\n 40.61551614707256\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"47","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mitra, S. S.","contributorId":56344,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mitra","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":839452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Buckley, P. A.","contributorId":69264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buckley","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":839453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Buckley, F. G.","contributorId":73319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buckley","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":839454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ginsberg, H. S. 0000-0002-4933-2466","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4933-2466","contributorId":27576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ginsberg","given":"H. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":839455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":98922,"text":"sir20105185 - 2010 - Estimation of selected seasonal streamflow statistics representative of 1930–2002 in West Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-14T17:10:36.458182","indexId":"sir20105185","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-14T13:15:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5185","displayTitle":"Estimation of Selected Seasonal Streamflow Statistics Representative of 1930–2002 in West Virginia","title":"Estimation of selected seasonal streamflow statistics representative of 1930–2002 in West Virginia","docAbstract":"Regional equations and procedures were developed for estimating seasonal 1-day 10-year, 7-day 10-year, and 30-day 5-year hydrologically based low-flow frequency values for unregulated streams in West Virginia. Regional equations and procedures also were developed for estimating the seasonal U.S. Environmental Protection Agency harmonic-mean flows and the 50-percent flow-duration values. The seasons were defined as winter (January 1-March 31), spring (April 1-June 30), summer (July 1-September 30), and fall (October 1-December 31).\r\n\r\nRegional equations were developed using ordinary least squares regression using statistics from 117 U.S. Geological Survey continuous streamgage stations as dependent variables and basin characteristics as independent variables. Equations for three regions in West Virginia-North, South-Central, and Eastern Panhandle Regions-were determined. Drainage area, average annual precipitation, and longitude of the basin centroid are significant independent variables in one or more of the equations. The average standard error of estimates for the equations ranged from 12.6 to 299 percent.\r\n\r\nProcedures developed to estimate the selected seasonal streamflow statistics in this study are applicable only to rural, unregulated streams within the boundaries of West Virginia that have independent variables within the limits of the stations used to develop the regional equations: drainage area from 16.3 to 1,516 square miles in the North Region, from 2.78 to 1,619 square miles in the South-Central Region, and from 8.83 to 3,041 square miles in the Eastern Panhandle Region; average annual precipitation from 42.3 to 61.4 inches in the South-Central Region and from 39.8 to 52.9 inches in the Eastern Panhandle Region; and longitude of the basin centroid from 79.618 to 82.023 decimal degrees in the North Region. All estimates of seasonal streamflow statistics are representative of the period from the 1930 to the 2002 climatic year.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20105185","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with\r\nthe West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection, \r\nDivision of Water and Waste Management","usgsCitation":"Wiley, J.B., and Atkins, J.T., Jr., 2010, Estimation of selected seasonal streamflow statistics representative of 1930–2002 in West Virginia (ver. 1.1, July 2021): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010–5185, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105185.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 20 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1930-10-01","temporalEnd":"2002-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":37280,"text":"Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center ","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":386953,"rank":3,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5185/versionHist.txt","size":"2.14 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}},{"id":386949,"rank":4,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5185/sir20105185.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.41 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2010-5185"},{"id":126109,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5185/coverthb3.jpg"},{"id":14344,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5185/index.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -83,37 ], [ -83,41 ], [ -77,41 ], [ -77,37 ], [ -83,37 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.1: July 2021; Version 1.0: December 2010","contact":"Director, Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1730 E. Parham Road
Richmond, VA 23228
Director, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
384 Woods Hole Road
Woods Hole, MA 02543
Sediments in Marshall and Hidden Lakes in the Uinta Mountains of northeastern Utah contain records of atmospheric mineral-dust deposition as revealed by differences in mineralogy and geochemistry of lake sediments relative to Precambrian clastic rocks in the watersheds. In cores spanning more than a thousand years, the largest changes in composition occurred within the past approximately 140 years. Many elements associated with ore deposits (Ag, As, Bi, Cd, Cu, In, Mo, Pb, S, Sb, Sn, and Te) increase in the lake sediments above depths that correspond to about AD 1870. Sources of these metals from mining districts to the west of the Uinta Mountains are suggested by (1) the absence of mining and smelting of these metals in the Uinta Mountains, and (2) lower concentrations of most of these elements in post-settlement sediments of Hidden Lake than in those of Marshall Lake, which is closer to areas of mining and the densely urbanized part of north-central Utah that is termed the Wasatch Front, and (3) correspondence of Pb isotopic compositions in the sediments with isotopic composition of ores likely to have been smelted in the Wasatch Front. A major source of Cu in lake sediments may have been the Bingham Canyon open-pit mine 110 km west of Marshall Lake. Numerous other sources of metals beyond the Wasatch Front are likely, on the basis of the widespread increases of industrial activities in western United States since about AD 1900. In sediment deposited since ca. AD 1945, as estimated using 239+240Pu activities, increases in concentrations of Mn, Fe, S, and some other redox-sensitive metals may result partly from diagenesis related to changes in redox. However, our results indicate that these elemental increases are also related to atmospheric inputs on the basis of their large increases that are nearly coincident with abrupt increases in silt-sized, titanium-bearing detrital magnetite. Such magnetite is interpreted as a component of atmospheric dust, because it is absent in catchment bedrock. Enrichment of P in sediments deposited after ca. AD 1950 appears to be caused largely by atmospheric inputs, perhaps from agricultural fertilizer along with magnetite-bearing soil.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10933-009-9394-8","usgsCitation":"Reynolds, R.L., Mordecai, J.S., Rosenbaum, J.G., Ketterer, M.E., Walsh, M.K., and Moser, K., 2010, Compositional changes in sediments of subalpine lakes, Uinta Mountains (Utah): Evidence for the effects of human activity on atmospheric dust inputs: Journal of Paleolimnology, v. 44, p. 161-175, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10933-009-9394-8.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"161","endPage":"175","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":374063,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Uinta Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.70074462890625,\n 40.168380093142446\n ],\n [\n -109.368896484375,\n 40.168380093142446\n ],\n [\n -109.368896484375,\n 40.863679665481676\n ],\n [\n -111.70074462890625,\n 40.863679665481676\n ],\n [\n -111.70074462890625,\n 40.168380093142446\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"44","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-11-27","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reynolds, Richard L. 0000-0002-4572-2942 rreynolds@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4572-2942","contributorId":139068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Richard","email":"rreynolds@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":787303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mordecai, Jessica S.","contributorId":224206,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mordecai","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rosenbaum, Joseph G. jrosenbaum@usgs.gov","contributorId":1524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenbaum","given":"Joseph","email":"jrosenbaum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":787305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ketterer, Michael E.","contributorId":28479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ketterer","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Walsh, Megan K.","contributorId":54045,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walsh","given":"Megan","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Moser, Katrina","contributorId":53487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moser","given":"Katrina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70261832,"text":"70261832 - 2010 - Patterns of use and distribution of king eiders and black scoters during the annual cycle in northeastern Bristol Bay, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-12-30T15:34:19.899097","indexId":"70261832","displayToPublicDate":"2020-06-16T15:37:38","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2660,"text":"Marine Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Patterns of use and distribution of king eiders and black scoters during the annual cycle in northeastern Bristol Bay, Alaska","docAbstract":"Northeastern Bristol Bay, Alaska, which includes three large estuaries, is used by multiple sea duck species during the annual cycle. Limited aerial surveys indicate that this area supports tens of thousands of king eiders and black scoters during spring migration and the autumn molt. Existing satellite telemetry data were used to assess the temporal patterns of habitat use and spatial distribution of king eiders and black scoters in northeastern Bristol Bay throughout the annual cycle. King eiders used northeastern Bristol Bay during all months of the annual cycle and black scoters used the area during spring through fall. Both species exhibited a similar seasonal pattern of use that corresponded with the timing of life-cycle stages. Abundance of both species was highest during spring migration and the autumn molting period and lowest during summer. Use by king eiders did not occur during all winter months in every year of the study. King eiders were more broadly distributed than black scoters and were located farther from shore in deeper water. Core use areas had minimal overlap, suggesting a degree of spatial segregation between species and a preference for different habitats in northeastern Bristol Bay. Further study of potential variation in invertebrate community structure that may correlate with the observed interspecific spatial segregation in habitat use is needed to determine preferred forage and describe habitat requirements for each species. Such information is necessary to assess the potential impact that future anthropogenic or environmental changes may have on habitat quality of northeastern Bristol Bay and demography of Pacific sea duck populations that use this area.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00227-010-1481-x","usgsCitation":"Schamber, J.L., Flint, P.L., and Powell, A.N., 2010, Patterns of use and distribution of king eiders and black scoters during the annual cycle in northeastern Bristol Bay, Alaska: Marine Biology, v. 157, p. 2169-2176, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-010-1481-x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"2169","endPage":"2176","ipdsId":"IP-020509","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":465517,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Bering Sea, Bristol Bay, Egegik Bay, Kvichak Bay, Nushagak Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -161.98543737174253,\n 58.922937850867356\n ],\n [\n -161.98543737174253,\n 57.10836069028835\n ],\n [\n -157.60187371983994,\n 57.10836069028835\n ],\n [\n -157.60187371983994,\n 58.922937850867356\n ],\n [\n -161.98543737174253,\n 58.922937850867356\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"157","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-06-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schamber, Jason L","contributorId":269800,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schamber","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"L","affiliations":[{"id":7058,"text":"Alaska Department of Fish and Game","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":921986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flint, Paul L. 0000-0002-8758-6993 pflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-6993","contributorId":3284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Paul","email":"pflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":921987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Powell, Abby N. 0000-0002-9783-134X abby_powell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9783-134X","contributorId":171426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"Abby","email":"abby_powell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":921988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70208555,"text":"70208555 - 2010 - A spectral index for estimating soil salinity in the Yellow River Delta region of China using EO-1 Hyperion data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-20T10:02:05","indexId":"70208555","displayToPublicDate":"2020-02-14T15:11:13","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3025,"text":"Pedosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A spectral index for estimating soil salinity in the Yellow River Delta region of China using EO-1 Hyperion data","docAbstract":"Soil salinization is one of the most common land degradation processes. In this study, spectral measurements of saline soil samples collected from the Yellow River Delta region of China were conducted in laboratory and hyperspectral data were acquired from an EO-1 Hyperion sensor to quantitatively map soil salinity in the region. A soil salinity spectral index (SSI) was constructed from continuum-removed reflectance (CR-reflectance) at 2 052 and 2 203 nm, to analyze the spectral absorption features of the salt-affected soils. There existed a strong correlation (r =0.91) between the SSI and soil salt content (SSC). Then, a model for estimation of SSC with SSI was established using univariate regression and validation of the model yielded a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.986 and an R2 of 0.873. The model was applied to a Hyperion reflectance image on a pixel-by-pixel basis and the resulting quantitative salinity map was validated successfully with RMSE = 1.921 and R2 =0.627. These suggested that the satellite hyperspectral data had the potential for predicting SSC in a large area.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S1002-0160(10)60027-6","usgsCitation":"Weng, Y., Gong, P., and Zhu, Z., 2010, A spectral index for estimating soil salinity in the Yellow River Delta region of China using EO-1 Hyperion data: Pedosphere, v. 27, no. 3, p. 378-388, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1002-0160(10)60027-6.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"378","endPage":"388","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":372368,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"China","otherGeospatial":"Yellow River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 118.73748779296875,\n 38.190704293996504\n ],\n [\n 118.49029541015625,\n 37.37015718405753\n ],\n [\n 118.75671386718749,\n 37.28279464911045\n ],\n [\n 119.02587890624999,\n 38.10646650598286\n ],\n [\n 118.73748779296875,\n 38.190704293996504\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"27","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weng, Yongling","contributorId":64767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weng","given":"Yongling","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":782455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gong, Peng","contributorId":169732,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gong","given":"Peng","affiliations":[{"id":25576,"text":"Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA 94720","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":782456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zhu, Zhiliang 0000-0002-6860-6936 zzhu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6860-6936","contributorId":150078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhu","given":"Zhiliang","email":"zzhu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":505,"text":"Office of the AD Climate and Land-Use Change","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":782457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":98775,"text":"tm3A19 - 2010 - Levels at gaging stations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-17T18:32:23.800614","indexId":"tm3A19","displayToPublicDate":"2020-01-06T12:30:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3-A19","displayTitle":"Levels at Gaging Stations","title":"Levels at gaging stations","docAbstract":"Operational procedures at U.S. Geological Survey gaging stations include periodic leveling checks to ensure that gages are accurately set to the established gage datum. Differential leveling techniques are used to determine elevations for reference marks, reference points, all gages, and the water surface. The techniques presented in this manual provide guidance on instruments and methods that ensure gaging-station levels are run to both a high precision and accuracy. Levels are run at gaging stations whenever differences in gage readings are unresolved, stations may have been damaged, or according to a pre-determined frequency. Engineer’s levels, both optical levels and electronic digital levels, are commonly used for gaging-station levels. Collimation tests should be run at least once a week for any week that levels are run, and the absolute value of the collimation error cannot exceed 0.003 foot/100 feet (ft).
An acceptable set of gaging-station levels consists of a minimum of two foresights, each from a different instrument height, taken on at least two independent reference marks, all reference points, all gages, and the water surface. The initial instrument height is determined from another independent reference mark, known as the origin, or base reference mark. The absolute value of the closure error of a leveling circuit must be less than or equal to 0.003√n ft, where n is the total number of instrument setups, and may not exceed |0.015| ft regardless of the number of instrument setups. Closure error for a leveling circuit is distributed by instrument setup and adjusted elevations are determined. Side shots in a level circuit are assessed by examining the differences between the adjusted first and second elevations for each objective point in the circuit. The absolute value of these differences must be less than or equal to 0.005 ft. Final elevations for objective points are determined by averaging the valid adjusted first and second elevations. If final elevations indicate that the reference gage is off by |0.015| ft or more, it must be reset.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Section A: Surface-Water Techniques in Book 3: Applications of Hydraulics ","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/tm3A19","usgsCitation":"Kenney, T.A., 2010, Levels at gaging stations: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 3-A19, 60 p.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 60 p.; Appendixes A-D","numberOfPages":"72","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371000,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm3A19/tm3A19.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.74 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"TM 3-A19"},{"id":371004,"rank":6,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm3A19/tm3A19_appendixD.xls","size":"24.5 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"linkHelpText":"- Appendix D. Historical Level Summary Form"},{"id":371002,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm3A19/tm3A19_appendixB.pdf","size":"68.2 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"- Appendix B. Peg Test Form"},{"id":371003,"rank":5,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm3A19/tm3A19_appendixC.pdf","size":"189 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"- Appendix C. Level Notes Form"},{"id":371001,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm3A19/tm3A19_appendixA.pdf","size":"66.1 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"- Appendix A. Fixed-Scale Test Form"},{"id":370999,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm3A19/coverthb.jpg"}],"publicComments":"This report is Chapter 19 of Section A: Surface-Water Techniques in Book 3: Applications of Hydraulics ","contact":"Office of Surface Water
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
The techniques and standards for making discharge measurements at streamflow gaging stations are described in this publication. The vertical axis rotating-element current meter, principally the Price current meter, has been traditionally used for most measurements of discharge; however, advancements in acoustic technology have led to important developments in the use of acoustic Doppler current profilers, acoustic Doppler velocimeters, and other emerging technologies for the measurement of discharge. These new instruments, based on acoustic Doppler theory, have the advantage of no moving parts, and in the case of the acoustic Doppler current profiler, quickly and easily provide three-dimensional stream-velocity profile data through much of the vertical water column. For much of the discussion of acoustic Doppler current profiler moving-boat methodology, the reader is referred to U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 3–A22 (Mueller and Wagner, 2009).
Personal digital assistants (PDAs), electronic field notebooks, and other personal computers provide fast and efficient data-collection methods that are more error-free than traditional hand methods. The use of portable weirs and flumes, floats, volumetric tanks, indirect methods, and tracers in measuring discharge are briefly described.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/tm3A8","usgsCitation":"Turnipseed, D.P., and Sauer, V.B., 2010, Discharge measurements at gaging stations: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods book 3, chap. A8, 87 p. (Also available at https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm3-a8/.)","productDescription":"xiv, 87 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":370996,"rank":4,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/wsp2175/","text":"Water Supply Paper 2175","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"linkHelpText":"- Measurement and Computation of Streamflow"},{"id":370995,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm3-a8/tm3a8.pdf","text":"Report","size":"34.4 MB","description":"TM 3-A8"},{"id":370994,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm3-a8/coverthb.jpg"}],"publicComments":"This edition supersedes USGS Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations 3A–8, 1969, “Discharge measurements at gaging stations,” by T.J. Buchanan and W.P. Somers, available at \nhttps://pubs.usgs.gov/twri/twri3a8/, and supplements USGS Water-Supply Paper 2175, volume 1, 1982, “Measurement and computation of streamflow: Measurement of stage and discharge,” by S.E. Rantz and others, available at https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/wsp2175/.","contact":"","tableOfContents":"Stream and reservoir stage are critical parameters in the computation of stream discharge and reservoir volume, respectively. In addition, a record of stream stage is useful in the design of structures that may be affected by stream elevation, as well as for the planning for various uses of flood plains. This report describes equipment and methodology for the observation, sensing, and recording of stage in streams and reservoirs. Although the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) still uses the traditional, basic stilling-well float system as a predominant gaging station, modern electronic stage sensors and water-level recorders are now commonly used. Bubble gages coupled with nonsubmersible pressure transducers eliminate the need for stilling wells. Submersible pressure transducers have become common in use for the measurement of stage in both rivers and lakes. Furthermore, noncontact methods, such as radar, acoustic, and laser methods of sensing water levels, are being developed and tested, and in the case of radar, are commonly used for the measurement of stage. This report describes commonly used gaging-station structures, as well as the design and operation of gaging stations. Almost all of the equipment and instruments described in this report will meet the accuracy standard set by the USGS Office of Surface Water (OSW) for the measurement of stage for most applications, which is ±0.01 foot (ft) or 0.2 percent of the effective stage. Several telemetry systems are used to transmit stage data from the gaging station to the office, although satellite telemetry has become the standard. These telemetry systems provide near real-time stage data, as well as other information that alerts the hydrographer to extreme or abnormal events, and instrument malfunctions.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/tm3A7","usgsCitation":"Sauer, V.B., and Turnipseed, D.P., 2010, Stage measurement at gaging stations: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods book 3, chap. A7, 45 p. (Also available at https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm3-a7/.)\n\n","productDescription":"x, 45 p. ","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":370993,"rank":2,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/wsp2175/","text":"Water Supply Paper 2175","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"linkHelpText":" - Measurement and Computation of Streamflow"},{"id":14203,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm3-a7/tm3a7.pdf","text":"Report","size":"7.84 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"TM 3A7"},{"id":126037,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm3-a7/coverthb.jpg"}],"publicComments":"This edition supersedes USGS Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations 3A–7, 1968, “Stage measurement at gaging stations,” by T.J. Buchanan and W.P. Somers, available at https://pubs.usgs.gov/twri/twri3a7/, and supplements USGS Water-Supply Paper 2175, volume 1, 1982, “Measurement and computation of streamflow: Measurement of stage and discharge,” by S.E. Rantz and others, available at https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/wsp2175/.","contact":"","tableOfContents":"MD-DE-DC Water Science Center
StreamStats
U.S. Geological Survey
5522 Research Park Drive
Baltimore, MD 21228
Models currently used to estimate patterns of species co‐occurrence while accounting for errors in detection of species can be difficult to fit when the effects of covariates on species occurrence probabilities are included. The source of the estimation problems is the particular parameterization used to specify species co‐occurrence probability. We develop a new parameterization for estimating patterns of co‐occurrence of interacting species that allows the effects of covariates to be specified quite naturally without estimation problems. In our model, the occurrence of one species is assumed to depend on the occurrence of another, but the occurrence of the second species is not assumed to depend on the presence of the first species. This pattern of co‐occurrence, wherein one species is dominant and the other is subordinate, can be produced by several types of ecological interactions (predator–prey, parasitism, and so on).
A simulation study demonstrated that estimates of species occurrence probabilities were unbiased in samples of 50–100 locations and three surveys per location, provided species are easily detected (probability of detection ≥ 0.5). Higher sample sizes (>200 locations) are needed to achieve unbiasedness when species are more difficult to detect. An analysis of data from treefrog surveys in southern Florida indicated that the occurrence of Cuban treefrogs, an invasive predator species, was highest near the point of its introduction and declined with distance from that location. Sites occupied by Cuban treefrogs were 9.0 times less likely to contain green treefrogs and 15.7 times less likely to contain squirrel treefrogs compared to sites without Cuban treefrogs. The detection probabilities of native treefrog species did not depend on the presence of Cuban treefrogs, suggesting that the native treefrog species are naive to the introduced species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/09-0850.1","usgsCitation":"Waddle, J.H., Dorazio, R., Walls, S.C., Rice, K.G., Beauchamp, J., Schuman, M., and Mazzotti, F., 2010, A new parameterization for estimating co‐occurrence of interacting species: Ecological Applications, v. 20, no. 5, p. 1467-1475, https://doi.org/10.1890/09-0850.1.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1467","endPage":"1475","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":363092,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waddle, J. Hardin 0000-0003-1940-2133 waddleh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1940-2133","contributorId":138953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waddle","given":"J.","email":"waddleh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Hardin","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":761211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dorazio, Robert M. bob_dorazio@usgs.gov","contributorId":140635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorazio","given":"Robert M.","email":"bob_dorazio@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":761212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walls, Susan C. 0000-0001-7391-9155 swalls@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7391-9155","contributorId":138952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walls","given":"Susan","email":"swalls@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":761213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rice, Kenneth G. 0000-0001-8282-1088 krice@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8282-1088","contributorId":117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"Kenneth","email":"krice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":761214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Beauchamp, Jeff","contributorId":175458,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beauchamp","given":"Jeff","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":761215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schuman, Melinda J.","contributorId":138955,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schuman","given":"Melinda J.","affiliations":[{"id":12592,"text":"Conservancy of Southwest Florida, Naples, FL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":761216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mazzotti, Frank J.","contributorId":90236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mazzotti","given":"Frank J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":761217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70203108,"text":"70203108 - 2010 - High mangrove density enhances surface accretion, surface elevation change, and tree survival in coastal areas susceptible to sea-level rise","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-17T13:45:15","indexId":"70203108","displayToPublicDate":"2019-04-22T07:16:16","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"High mangrove density enhances surface accretion, surface elevation change, and tree survival in coastal areas susceptible to sea-level rise","docAbstract":"Survival, growth, aboveground biomass accumulation, sediment surface elevation dynamics and nitrogen accumulation in sediments were studied in experimental treatments planted with four different densities (6.96, 3.26, 1.93 and 0.95 seedlings m−2) of the mangrove Rhizophora mucronata in Puttalam Lagoon, Sri Lanka. Measurements were taken over a period of 1,171 days and were compared with those from unplanted controls. Trees at the lowest density showed significantly reduced survival, whilst measures of individual tree growth did not differ among treatments. Rates of surface sediment accretion (means ± SE) were 13.0 (±1.3), 10.5 (±0.9), 8.4 (±0.3), 6.9 (±0.5) and 5.7 (±0.3) mm year−1 at planting densities of 6.96, 3.26, 1.93, 0.95, and 0 (unplanted control) seedlings m−2, respectively, showing highly significant differences among treatments. Mean (±SE) rates of surface elevation change were much lower than rates of accretion at 2.8 (±0.2), 1.6 (±0.1), 1.1 (±0.2), 0.6 (±0.2) and −0.3 (±0.1) mm year−1 for 6.96, 3.26, 1.93, 0.95, and 0 seedlings m−2, respectively. All planted treatments accumulated greater nitrogen concentrations in the sediment compared to the unplanted control. Sediment %N was significantly different among densities which suggests one potential causal mechanism for the facilitatory effects observed: high densities of plants potentially contribute to the accretion of greater amounts of nutrient rich sediment. While this potential process needs further research, this study demonstrated how higher densities of mangroves enhance rates of sediment accretion and surface elevation processes that may be crucial in mangrove ecosystem adaptation to sea-level rise. There was no evidence that increasing plant density evoked a trade-off with growth and survival of the planted trees. Rather, facilitatory effects enhanced survival at high densities, suggesting that managers may be able to take advantage of high plantation densities to help mitigate sea-level rise effects by encouraging positive sediment surface elevation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/s00442-010-1705-2","issn":"1432-1939","usgsCitation":"Kumara, M., Jayatissa, L., Krauss, K., Phillips, D., and Huxham, M., 2010, High mangrove density enhances surface accretion, surface elevation change, and tree survival in coastal areas susceptible to sea-level rise: Oecologia, v. 164, no. 2, p. 545-553, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-010-1705-2.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"545","endPage":"553","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":363091,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Sri Lanka","otherGeospatial":"Puttalam Lagoon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 79.64607238769531,\n 7.9239142029331\n ],\n [\n 79.92073059082031,\n 7.9239142029331\n ],\n [\n 79.92073059082031,\n 8.390865416667367\n ],\n [\n 79.64607238769531,\n 8.390865416667367\n ],\n [\n 79.64607238769531,\n 7.9239142029331\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"164","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kumara, M.P.","contributorId":178911,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kumara","given":"M.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":761206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jayatissa, L.P.","contributorId":178912,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jayatissa","given":"L.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":761207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Krauss, K. 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W.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":761208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Phillips, D.H.","contributorId":178910,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Phillips","given":"D.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":761209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Huxham, M.","contributorId":178913,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huxham","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":761210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70203092,"text":"70203092 - 2010 - Derivation of cat embryonic stem-like cells from in vitro-produced blastocysts on homologous and heterologous feeder cells","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-03T15:30:42","indexId":"70203092","displayToPublicDate":"2019-04-18T14:33:32","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3594,"text":"Theriogenology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Derivation of cat embryonic stem-like cells from in vitro-produced blastocysts on homologous and heterologous feeder cells","docAbstract":"The domestic cat is a focal mammalian species that is used as a model for developing assisted reproductive technologies for preserving endangered cats and for studying human diseases. The generation of stable characterized cat embryonic stem cells (ESC) lines to use as donor nuclei may help to improve the efficiency of interspecies somatic cell nuclear transfer for preserving endangered cats and allow the creation of knockout cell lines to generate knockout cats for studying function of specific genes related to human diseases. It will also enable the possibility of producing gametes in vitro from ESC of endangered cats. In the present study, we report the generation of cat embryonic stem-like (cESL) cells from blastocysts derived entirely in vitro. We generated 32 cESL cell lines from 331 in vitro derived blastocysts from which inner cell masses were isolated by immunosurgery or by a mechanical method. Inhibition of cat dermal fibroblast (CDF) proliferation after exposure to mitomycin-C was both dose and time dependent, where doses of 30 to 40 microg/mL for 5 h were most efficient. These dosages were higher than that required to inhibit cell proliferation of mouse fetal fibroblasts (MFF; 10 microg/mL for 2.5 h). Mitomycin-C did not significantly increase necrosis of cells from either species, and had an anti-proliferative effect at concentrations below cytotoxicity. A clear species-specific relationship between feeder layers and derivation of cESL cell lines was observed, where higher numbers of cESL cell lines were generated on homologous cat feeder layers (n = 26) than from those derived on heterologous mouse feeder layers (n = 6). Three cESL cell lines generated from immunosurgery and cultured on CDF maintained self-renewal and were morphologically undifferentiated for nine and twelve passages (69-102 days). These lines showed a tightly packed dome shaped morphology, exhibited alkaline phosphatase activity and immuno-expression of the pluripotent marker OCT-4 and surface marker SSEA-1. Primary colonies at P0 to P3 and cat blastocysts expressed transcription factors OCT-4, NANOG and SOX-2 and the proto-oncogene C-MYC. However, expression was at levels significantly lower than in vitro produced blastocysts. During culture, cESL colonies spontaneously differentiated into fibroblasts, cardiomyocytes, and embryoid bodies. Development of techniques to prevent differentiation of cESL cells will be essential for maintaining defined cell lines
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Inc.","doi":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.05.023","usgsCitation":"Gomez, M., Serrano, M., Earle Pope, C., Jenkins, J.A., Biancardi, M., Lopez, M., Dumas, C., Galiguis, J., and Dresser, B., 2010, Derivation of cat embryonic stem-like cells from in vitro-produced blastocysts on homologous and heterologous feeder cells: Theriogenology, v. 74, no. 4, p. 498-515, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.05.023.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"498","endPage":"515","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":363043,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"74","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gomez, M.C.","contributorId":67704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gomez","given":"M.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":761140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Serrano, M.A.","contributorId":214910,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Serrano","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":761141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Earle Pope, C.","contributorId":69857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Earle Pope","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":761142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jenkins, Jill A. 0000-0002-5087-0894 jenkinsj@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5087-0894","contributorId":2710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenkins","given":"Jill","email":"jenkinsj@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":761143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Biancardi, M.N.","contributorId":90610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biancardi","given":"M.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":761144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lopez, M.","contributorId":214911,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lopez","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":761145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dumas, C.","contributorId":103939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dumas","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":761146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Galiguis, J.","contributorId":88228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galiguis","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":761147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Dresser, B.L.","contributorId":56841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dresser","given":"B.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":761148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70200915,"text":"70200915 - 2010 - Climate-driven interannual variability in net ecosystem exchange in the Northern Great Plains grasslands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-14T15:52:55","indexId":"70200915","displayToPublicDate":"2018-11-13T15:21:08","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3228,"text":"Rangeland Ecology and Management","onlineIssn":"1551-5028","printIssn":"1550-7424","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate-driven interannual variability in net ecosystem exchange in the Northern Great Plains grasslands","docAbstract":"The Northern Great Plains grasslands respond differently under various climatic conditions; however, there have been no detailed studies investigating the interannual variability in carbon exchange across the entire Northern Great Plains grassland ecosystem. We developed a piecewise regression model to integrate flux tower data with remotely sensed data and mapped the 8-d and 500-m net ecosystem exchange (NEE) for the years from 2000 to 2006. We studied the interannual variability of NEE, characterized the interannual NEE difference in climatically different years, and identified the drought impact on NEE. The results showed that NEE was highly variable in space and time across the 7 yr. Specifically, NEE was consistently low (−35 to 322 g C·m−2·yr−1) with an average annual NEE of −2 ± 242 g C·m−2·yr−1 and a cumulative flux of −152 g C·m−2. The Northern Great Plains grassland was a weak source for carbon during 2000–2006 because of frequent droughts, which strongly affected the carbon balance, especially in the Western High Plains and Northwestern Great Plains. Comparison of the NEE map with a drought monitor map confirmed a substantial correlation between drought and carbon dynamics. If drought severity or frequency increases in the future, the Northern Great Plains grasslands may become an even greater carbon source.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.2111/08-232.1","usgsCitation":"Zhang, L., Wylie, B.K., Ji, L., Gilmanov, T.G., and Tieszen, L.L., 2010, Climate-driven interannual variability in net ecosystem exchange in the Northern Great Plains grasslands: Rangeland Ecology and Management, v. 63, no. 1, p. 40-50, https://doi.org/10.2111/08-232.1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"40","endPage":"50","ipdsId":"IP-009672","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475452,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10150/642763","text":"External Repository"},{"id":359433,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Northern Great Plains grasslands","volume":"63","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bed4275e4b0b3fc5cf91c98","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhang, Liping","contributorId":210614,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Liping","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":751250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wylie, Bruce K. 0000-0002-7374-1083 wylie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7374-1083","contributorId":750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wylie","given":"Bruce","email":"wylie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":751266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ji, Lei 0000-0002-6133-1036 lji@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6133-1036","contributorId":139587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ji","given":"Lei","email":"lji@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":751267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gilmanov, Tagir G.","contributorId":82162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilmanov","given":"Tagir","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":751268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tieszen, Larry L. tieszen@usgs.gov","contributorId":2831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tieszen","given":"Larry","email":"tieszen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":751269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70180982,"text":"70180982 - 2010 - Low prevalence of chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) in amphibians of U.S. headwater streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-13T10:50:48","indexId":"70180982","displayToPublicDate":"2017-02-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2334,"text":"Journal of Herpetology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Low prevalence of chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) in amphibians of U.S. headwater streams","docAbstract":"Many declines of amphibian populations have been associated with chytridiomycosis, a disease caused by the aquatic fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd). Despite the relatively high prevalence of chytridiomycosis in stream amphibians globally, most surveys in North America have focused primarily on wetland-associated species, which are frequently infected. To better understand the distribution and prevalence of Bd in headwater amphibian communities, we sampled 452 tailed frogs (Ascaphus truei and Ascaphus montanus) and 304 stream salamanders (seven species in the Dicamptodontidae and Plethodontidae) for Bd in 38, first- to third-order streams in five montane areas across the United States. We tested for presence of Bd by using PCR on skin swabs from salamanders and metamorphosed tailed frogs or the oral disc of frog larvae. We detected Bd on only seven individuals (0.93%) in four streams. Based on our study and results from five other studies that have sampled headwater- or seep-associated amphibians in the United States, Bd has been detected on only 3% of 1,322 individuals from 21 species. These results differ strongly from surveys in Central America and Australia, where Bd is more prevalent on stream-breeding species, as well as results from wetland-associated anurans in the same regions of the United States that we sampled. Differences in the prevalence of Bd between stream- and wetland-associated amphibians in the United States may be related to species-specific variation in susceptibility to chytridiomycosis or habitat differences.
","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.1670/09-058.1","usgsCitation":"Hossack, B.R., Adams, M.J., Campbell Grant, E., Pearl, C.A., Bettaso, J.B., Barichivich, W.J., Lowe, W., TRUE, K., Ware, J.L., and Corn, P., 2010, Low prevalence of chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) in amphibians of U.S. headwater streams: Journal of Herpetology, v. 44, no. 2, p. 253-260, https://doi.org/10.1670/09-058.1.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"253","endPage":"260","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335129,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Idaho, Montana, New Hampshire, Oregon, Tennessee, 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\"}}]}","volume":"44","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"589edf29e4b099f50d3dc59f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hossack, Blake R. 0000-0001-7456-9564 blake_hossack@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7456-9564","contributorId":1177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hossack","given":"Blake","email":"blake_hossack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":663038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Adams, M. J. 0000-0001-8844-042X mjadams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8844-042X","contributorId":3133,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adams","given":"M.","email":"mjadams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":663039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Campbell Grant, Evan H. 0000-0003-4401-6496","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4401-6496","contributorId":23233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell Grant","given":"Evan H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":663040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pearl, Chistopher A.","contributorId":67626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearl","given":"Chistopher","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":663041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bettaso, James B.","contributorId":179175,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bettaso","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":663042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Barichivich, William J. 0000-0003-1103-6861 wbarichivich@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1103-6861","contributorId":3697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barichivich","given":"William","email":"wbarichivich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":663043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lowe, Winsor H.","contributorId":64532,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lowe","given":"Winsor H.","affiliations":[{"id":5097,"text":"University of Montana, Division of Biological Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":663044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"TRUE, Kimberly","contributorId":179177,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"TRUE","given":"Kimberly","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":663045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Ware, Joy L.","contributorId":28142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ware","given":"Joy","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":663046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Corn, Paul Stephen 0000-0002-4106-6335","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4106-6335","contributorId":107379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corn","given":"Paul Stephen","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":663047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70180069,"text":"70180069 - 2010 - Reply to “Comment on ‘Near-surface location, geometry, and velocities of the Santa Monica fault zone, Los Angeles, California’ by R. D. Catchings, G. Gandhok, M. R. Goldman, D. Okaya, M. J. Rymer, and G. W. Bawden” by T. L. Pratt and J. F. Dolan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-08T15:53:29.918143","indexId":"70180069","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reply to “Comment on ‘Near-surface location, geometry, and velocities of the Santa Monica fault zone, Los Angeles, California’ by R. D. Catchings, G. Gandhok, M. R. Goldman, D. Okaya, M. J. Rymer, and G. W. Bawden” by T. L. Pratt and J. F. Dolan","docAbstract":"In a comment on our 2008 paper (Catchings, Gandhok, et al., 2008) on the Santa Monica fault in Los Angeles, California, Pratt and Dolan (2010) (herein referred to as P&D) cite numerous objections to our work, inferring that our study is flawed. However, as shown in our reply, their objections contradict their own published works, published works of others, and proven seismic methodologies. Rather than responding to each repeated invalid objection, we address their objections by topic in the subsequent sections.
In Catchings, Gandhok, et al. (2008), we presented high-resolution seismic-reflection images that showed two near-surface faults in the upper 50 m beneath the grounds of the Wadsworth Veterans Administration Hospital (WVAH). Although P&D suggest we effectively duplicated their seismic acquisition, our survey was not a duplication of their efforts. Rather, we conducted a seismic-imaging survey over a similar profile as Pratt et al. (1998) but used a different data acquisition system and different data processing methods to evaluate methods of seismically imaging blind faults in the wake of the 17 January 1994 M 6.7 Northridge earthquake. We used an acquisition method that provides both tomographic seismic velocities and reflection images. Our combined-data approach allowed for shallower imaging (∼2.5 m minimum) than the ∼20-m minimum of Pratt et al. (1998), clearer images of the fault zone, and more accurate depth determinations (rather than time images). In processing the reflection images, we used prestack depth migration, which is generally accepted as the only proper imaging method for imaging subsurface structures with strong lateral velocity variations (Versteeg, 1993), a condition shown to exist at the WVAH site. We correlated our reflection images with refraction tomography images, borehole lithology, and velocity data, Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar images, and changes in groundwater depths. Except for some minor differences, our seismic-reflection images coincide with previously published seismic-reflection images by Dolan and Pratt (1997) and Pratt et al. (1998), and a paleoseismic study by Dolan et al. (2000). Principal differences among our interpretations and those of Pratt et al. (1998) relate to the upper 20 m and the south side of the fault, which Pratt et al. (1998) did not clearly image. In contrast, our seismic images included structures on both sides of the fault zone from about 2.5 m depth to about 100 m depth at WVAH, allowing us to interpret more details.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Stanford, CA","doi":"10.1785/0120090335","usgsCitation":"Catchings, R.D., Rymer, M.J., Goldman, M.R., and Bawden, G.W., 2010, Reply to “Comment on ‘Near-surface location, geometry, and velocities of the Santa Monica fault zone, Los Angeles, California’ by R. D. Catchings, G. Gandhok, M. R. Goldman, D. Okaya, M. J. Rymer, and G. W. Bawden” by T. L. Pratt and J. F. Dolan: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 100, no. 5A, p. 2338-2347, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120090335.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"2338","endPage":"2347","ipdsId":"IP-017151","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334355,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Los Angeles","otherGeospatial":"Santa Monica Fault Zone","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.54694366455077,\n 34.00073124300159\n ],\n [\n -118.54694366455077,\n 34.09218887374251\n ],\n [\n -118.37322235107422,\n 34.09218887374251\n ],\n [\n -118.37322235107422,\n 34.00073124300159\n ],\n [\n -118.54694366455077,\n 34.00073124300159\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"100","issue":"5A","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58905ef3e4b072a7ac0cad45","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Catchings, Rufus D. 0000-0002-5191-6102 catching@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5191-6102","contributorId":1519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Catchings","given":"Rufus","email":"catching@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":660201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rymer, Michael J. mrymer@usgs.gov","contributorId":1522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rymer","given":"Michael","email":"mrymer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":660204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goldman, Mark R. 0000-0002-0802-829X goldman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0802-829X","contributorId":1521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldman","given":"Mark","email":"goldman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":660203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bawden, Gerald W. gbawden@usgs.gov","contributorId":1071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bawden","given":"Gerald","email":"gbawden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":660202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70179917,"text":"70179917 - 2010 - Groundwater conditions in Utah, spring of 2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-22T09:21:38","indexId":"70179917","displayToPublicDate":"2016-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":110,"text":"Cooperative Investigations Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"51","title":"Groundwater conditions in Utah, spring of 2010","docAbstract":"This is the forty-seventh in a series of annual reports that describe groundwater conditions in Utah. Reports in this series, published cooperatively by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Resources and Division of Water Rights, and the Utah Department of Environmental Quality, Division of Water Quality, provide data to enable interested parties to maintain awareness of changing groundwater conditions.
This report, like the others in the series, contains information on well construction, groundwater withdrawal from wells, water-level changes, precipitation, streamflow, and chemical quality of water. Information on well construction included in this report refers only to wells constructed for new appropriations of groundwater. Supplementary data are included in reports of this series only for those years or areas which are important to a discussion of changing groundwater conditions and for which applicable data are available.
This report includes individual discussions of selected significant areas of groundwater development in the State for calendar year 2009. Most of the reported data were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Resources and Division of Water Rights, and the Utah Department of Environmental Quality, Division of Water Quality. This report is also available online at http://www. waterrights.utah.gov/techinfo/ and http://ut.water.usgs.gov/ publications/GW2010.pdf. Groundwater conditions in Utah for calendar year 2008 are reported in Burden and others (2009) and available online at http://ut.water.usgs.gov/publications/ GW2009.pdf.
Analytical results associated with water samples collected from each area of groundwater development were compared to State of Utah maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) and secondary drinking-water standards of routinely measureable substances present in water supplies. The MCLs and secondary drinking-water standards can be accessed online at http://www.rules.utah.gov/publicat/code/r309/r309-200. htm#T5. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) drinking-water standards can be accessed at http://www.epa. gov/safewater/mcl.html#mcls. Maximum contaminant levels and secondary drinking-water standards were developed for public water systems and do not apply to the majority of wells sampled during this study.
Every 5 years, this report series includes maps depicting comparisons of 30-year changes in water levels for each of the major areas of groundwater development. The water-level change maps in this report show the difference between water levels measured in 1980 and in 2010. Water-level rises or declines occurring on shorter time scales are shown in plots of annual water-level measurements for several wells in each of the major areas of groundwater development.
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Springs, points where the landscape and water table intersect and cold groundwater discharges, link aquifer systems with land surfaces and water bodies. As such, in many regions, they are critical to the viability of lakes, streams and cold-water fish communities. An understanding of where springs are located is important to watershed, fishery and environmental management efforts in karst regions. To better understand spatial distribution of springs and as a potential method for identifying variables that characterize locations of springs for improved land and watershed management, a nearest-neighbor analysis and a discriminant function analysis (DFA) of springs were conducted in Winona County, Minnesota, USA, a karst landscape. Nearest-neighbor analysis examined the spatial spring distribution. Twenty-two variables describing the locations of springs were analyzed to ascertain their ability to discriminate correct aquifer unit or bedrock unit classification for each spring. Springs were clumped with the highest densities in the lowest elevations. Springs were correctly assigned to aquifer units and bedrock units with eight and 11 landscape variables, respectively. Forest land cover was the only land cover type contributing to spring discrimination. Consideration of upland human activities, particularly in forested areas, on spring discharge along with a better understanding of characteristics describing spring locations could lead to better management activities that locate and protect springs and their important contributions to regional ecohydrology.
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streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-17T12:54:13","indexId":"70173486","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-12T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1456,"text":"Ecological Indicators","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Index of Biological Integrity and the bootstrap revisited: an example from Minnesota streams","docAbstract":"Multimetric indices, such as the Index of Biological Integrity (IBI), are increasingly used by management agencies to determine whether surface water quality is impaired. However, important questions about the variability of these indices have not been thoroughly addressed in the scientific literature. In this study, we used a bootstrap approach to quantify variability associated with fish IBIs developed for streams in two Minnesota river basins. We further placed this variability into a management context by comparing it to impairment thresholds currently used in water quality determinations for Minnesota streams. We found that 95% confidence intervals ranged as high as 40 points for IBIs scored on a 0–100 point scale. However, on average, 90% of IBI scores calculated from bootstrap replicate samples for a given stream site yielded the same impairment status as the original IBI score. We suggest that sampling variability in IBI scores is related to both the number of fish and the number of rare taxa in a field collection. A comparison of the effects of different scoring methods on IBI variability indicates that a continuous scoring method may reduce the amount of bias in IBI scores.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2009.10.001","usgsCitation":"Dolph, C.L., Sheshukov, A.Y., Chizinski, C.J., Vondracek, B.C., and Wilson, B., 2010, The Index of Biological Integrity and the bootstrap revisited: an example from Minnesota streams: Ecological Indicators, v. 10, no. 2, p. 527-537, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2009.10.001.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"527","endPage":"537","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-013103","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475455,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11299/183573","text":"External Repository"},{"id":323892,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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conservation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-17T14:19:28","indexId":"70173465","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-11T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":997,"text":"BioScience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using landscape limnology to classify freshwater ecosystems for multi-ecosystem management and conservation","docAbstract":"Governmental entities are responsible for managing and conserving large numbers of lake, river, and wetland ecosystems that can be addressed only rarely on a case-by-case basis. We present a system for predictive classification modeling, grounded in the theoretical foundation of landscape limnology, that creates a tractable number of ecosystem classes to which management actions may be tailored. We demonstrate our system by applying two types of predictive classification modeling approaches to develop nutrient criteria for eutrophication management in 1998 north temperate lakes. Our predictive classification system promotes the effective management of multiple ecosystems across broad geographic scales by explicitly connecting management and conservation goals to the classification modeling approach, considering multiple spatial scales as drivers of ecosystem dynamics, and acknowledging the hierarchical structure of freshwater ecosystems. Such a system is critical for adaptive management of complex mosaics of freshwater ecosystems and for balancing competing needs for ecosystem services in a changing world.
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Cover variables appeared to be most important; e.g., vegetative vertical complexity had a strong positive relation with capture rates of mature forest birds and molting adults, as well as physical condition which supports a predator-avoidance hypothesis for habitat use. Basal area was a poor predictor of captures; residual trees near nets tended to depress capture rates. Food variables best explained capture rates for some species groups (e.g., early-successional insectivores and granivores, mature forest nesting adults, molting birds), but post-breeding habitat quality was based primarily on vegetative cover. Habitat use may depend on the bird's physical condition and molt status, and we found evidence for age-specific differences which may impact survival. Our study suggests important links between post-breeding habitat quality, molt status, physical condition, and bird age, and indicates a variety of response variables (relative abundance, survival, body condition) should be measured to assess avian habitat quality during the post-breeding period.
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2010 - Mercury monitoring in fish using a non-lethal tissue biopsy method","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-17T17:15:48","indexId":"70004122","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-10T05:30:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5761,"text":"Missouri Department of Conservation Science Notes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury monitoring in fish using a non-lethal tissue biopsy method","docAbstract":"The occurrence of mercury in fish is well-known and often occurs at levels that warrant restricted consumption by sensitive human populations. Because of this, local wildlife and health agencies have developed monitoring programs to identify the magnitude of fish contamination and changes through time. Monitoring mercury levels in fish typically requires killing fish for removal of a fillet. Recently, researchers have proposed the use of a non-lethal tissue biopsy plug method as a surrogate for analysis of the entire fillet.
\nA non-lethal method is particularly desirable for sampling rare or endangered fish or highly valued fisheries. The Missouri Department of Conservation manages several fisheries where the public is sensitive to excessive fish removal, yet there is a desire for mercury information. One such example is the trophy smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) fishery in the Ozark’s Eleven Point River. Plug removal is not expected to affect fish survival in the shortterm. However, limited information is available on survival of fish for weeks or months after plug removal.
","language":"English","publisher":"Missouri Department of Conservation","usgsCitation":"Ackerson, J., Schmitt, C.J., McKee, M.J., and Brumbaugh, W.G., 2010, Mercury monitoring in fish using a non-lethal tissue biopsy method: Missouri Department of Conservation Science Notes, v. 5, no. 14, 2 p.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-024513","costCenters":[{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310957,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","otherGeospatial":"Eleven Point River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.57080078125,\n 36.491973470593685\n ],\n [\n -92.57080078125,\n 37.08585785263673\n ],\n [\n -91.153564453125,\n 37.08585785263673\n ],\n [\n -91.153564453125,\n 36.491973470593685\n ],\n [\n -92.57080078125,\n 36.491973470593685\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"5","issue":"14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56389759e4b0d6133fe72fcb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ackerson, J.","contributorId":116648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerson","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":512825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmitt, Christopher J. 0000-0001-6804-2360 cjschmitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6804-2360","contributorId":491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmitt","given":"Christopher","email":"cjschmitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McKee, Michael J.","contributorId":115392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":512824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brumbaugh, William G. 0000-0003-0081-375X bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0081-375X","contributorId":493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brumbaugh","given":"William","email":"bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}