Migrating waterfowl are implicated in the global spread of influenza A viruses (IAVs), and mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) are considered a particularly important IAV reservoir. Prevalence of IAV infection in waterfowl peaks during autumn pre-migration staging and then declines as birds reach wintering areas. Migration is energetically costly and birds often experience declines in body condition that may suppress immune function. We assessed how body condition affects susceptibility to infection, viral shedding and antibody production in wild-caught and captive-bred juvenile mallards challenged with low pathogenic avian influenza virus (LPAIV) H5N9. Wild mallards (n = 30) were separated into three experimental groups; each manipulated through food availability to a different condition level (-20%, -10%, and normal ±5% original body condition), and captive-bred mallards (n = 10) were maintained at normal condition. We found that wild mallards in normal condition were more susceptible to LPAIV infection, shed higher peak viral loads and shed viral RNA more frequently compared to birds in poor condition. Antibody production did not differ according to condition. We found that wild mallards did not differ from captive-bred mallards in viral intensity and duration of infection, but they did exhibit lower antibody titers and greater variation in viral load. Our findings suggest that reduced body condition negatively influences waterfowl host competence to LPAIV infection. This observation is contradictory to the recently proposed condition-dependent hypothesis, according to which birds in reduced condition would be more susceptible to IAV infection. The mechanisms responsible for reducing host competency among birds in poor condition remain unknown. Our research indicates body condition may influence the maintenance and spread of LPAIV by migrating waterfowl.
","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0022633","usgsCitation":"Arsnoe, D.M., Ip, S., and Owen, J.C., 2011, Influence of body condition on influenza A virus infection in mallard ducks: Experimental infection data: PLoS ONE, v. 6, no. 8, e22633, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022633.","productDescription":"e22633, 9 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-026665","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474737,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022633","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":257016,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","otherGeospatial":"Lower Peninsula","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -86.94580078125,\n 41.73852846935917\n ],\n [\n -83.353271484375,\n 41.65649719441145\n ],\n [\n -83.067626953125,\n 42.2366518803206\n ],\n [\n -82.55126953124999,\n 42.593532625649935\n ],\n [\n -82.529296875,\n 44.134913443750726\n ],\n [\n -83.14453125,\n 44.24519901522129\n ],\n [\n -83.232421875,\n 45.44471679159555\n ],\n [\n -84.3310546875,\n 45.81348649679971\n ],\n [\n -85.0341796875,\n 45.82879925192134\n ],\n [\n -85.49560546875,\n 45.36758436884978\n ],\n [\n -86.06689453125,\n 45.259422036351694\n ],\n [\n -86.4404296875,\n 44.69989765840318\n ],\n [\n -86.748046875,\n 43.992814500489914\n ],\n [\n -86.5283203125,\n 43.26120612479979\n ],\n [\n -86.396484375,\n 42.50450285299051\n ],\n [\n -86.77001953125,\n 41.96765920367816\n ],\n [\n -86.94580078125,\n 41.73852846935917\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"6","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3b14e4b0c8380cd621ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arsnoe, Dustin M.","contributorId":64521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arsnoe","given":"Dustin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ip, S. 0000-0003-4844-7533 hip@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4844-7533","contributorId":727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ip","given":"S.","email":"hip@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":352843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Owen, Jennifer C.","contributorId":74255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Owen","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70004049,"text":"70004049 - 2011 - 88 hours: The U.S. Geological Survey National Earthquake Information Center response to the March 11, 2011 Mw 9.0 Tohoku earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-31T14:35:41.223232","indexId":"70004049","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-01T11:27:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"88 hours: The U.S. Geological Survey National Earthquake Information Center response to the March 11, 2011 Mw 9.0 Tohoku earthquake","title":"88 hours: The U.S. Geological Survey National Earthquake Information Center response to the March 11, 2011 Mw 9.0 Tohoku earthquake","docAbstract":"The M 9.0 11 March 2011 Tohoku, Japan, earthquake and associated tsunami near the east coast of the island of Honshu caused tens of thousands of deaths and potentially over one trillion dollars in damage, resulting in one of the worst natural disasters ever recorded. The U.S. Geological Survey National Earthquake Information Center (USGS NEIC), through its responsibility to respond to all significant global earthquakes as part of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program, quickly produced and distributed a suite of earthquake information products to inform emergency responders, the public, the media, and the academic community of the earthquake's potential impact and to provide scientific background for the interpretation of the event's tectonic context and potential for future hazard. Here we present a timeline of the NEIC response to this devastating earthquake in the context of rapidly evolving information emanating from the global earthquake-response community. The timeline includes both internal and publicly distributed products, the relative timing of which highlights the inherent tradeoffs between the requirement to provide timely alerts and the necessity for accurate, authoritative information. The timeline also documents the iterative and evolutionary nature of the standard products produced by the NEIC and includes a behind-the-scenes look at the decisions, data, and analysis tools that drive our rapid product distribution.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Albany, CA","doi":"10.1785/gssrl.82.4.481","usgsCitation":"Hayes, G.P., Earle, P.S., Benz, H.M., Wald, D.J., and Briggs, R.W., 2011, 88 hours: The U.S. Geological Survey National Earthquake Information Center response to the March 11, 2011 Mw 9.0 Tohoku earthquake: Seismological Research Letters, v. 82, no. 4, p. 481-493, https://doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.82.4.481.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"481","endPage":"493","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":378111,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Japan","otherGeospatial":"Tohoku","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 138.71337890625,\n 38.048091067457236\n ],\n [\n 142.1630859375,\n 38.048091067457236\n ],\n [\n 142.1630859375,\n 41.68932225997044\n ],\n [\n 138.71337890625,\n 41.68932225997044\n ],\n [\n 138.71337890625,\n 38.048091067457236\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"82","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-07-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e26fe4b0c8380cd45ba1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hayes, Gavin P. 0000-0003-3323-0112 ghayes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3323-0112","contributorId":147556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"Gavin","email":"ghayes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":797874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Earle, Paul S. 0000-0002-3500-017X pearle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3500-017X","contributorId":173551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Earle","given":"Paul","email":"pearle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":797875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Benz, Harley M. 0000-0002-6860-2134 benz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6860-2134","contributorId":794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benz","given":"Harley","email":"benz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":797876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wald, David J. 0000-0002-1454-4514 wald@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1454-4514","contributorId":795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wald","given":"David","email":"wald@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":797877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Briggs, Richard W. 0000-0001-8108-0046 rbriggs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8108-0046","contributorId":139002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Richard","email":"rbriggs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":797878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70037776,"text":"70037776 - 2011 - Application of a new vertical profiling tool (ESASS) for sampling groundwater quality during hollow-stem auger drilling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-24T11:14:34","indexId":"70037776","displayToPublicDate":"2012-03-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1864,"text":"Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Application of a new vertical profiling tool (ESASS) for sampling groundwater quality during hollow-stem auger drilling","docAbstract":"A new tool called ESASS (Enhanced Screen Auger Sampling System) was developed by the U.S. Geological Survey. The use of ESASS, because of its unique U.S. patent design (U.S. patent no. 7,631,705 B1), allows for the collection of representative, depth-specific groundwater samples (vertical profiling) in a quick and efficient manner using a 0.305-m long screen auger during hollow-stem auger drilling. With ESASS, the water column in the flights above the screen auger is separated from the water in the screen auger by a specially designed removable plug and collar. The tool fits inside an auger of standard inner diameter (82.55 mm). The novel design of the system constituted by the plug, collar, and A-rod allows the plug to be retrieved using conventional drilling A-rods. After retrieval, standard-diameter (50.8 mm) observation wells can be installed within the hollow-stem augers. Testing of ESASS was conducted at one waste-disposal site with tetrachloroethylene (PCE) contamination and at two reference sites with no known waste-disposal history. All three sites have similar geology and are underlain by glacial, stratified-drift deposits. For the applications tested, ESASS proved to be a useful tool in vertical profiling of groundwater quality. At the waste site, PCE concentrations measured with ESASS profiling at several depths were comparable (relative percent difference <25%) to PCE concentrations sampled from wells. Vertical profiling with ESASS at the reference sites illustrated the vertical resolution achievable in the profile system; shallow groundwater quality varied by a factor of five in concentration of some constituents (nitrate and nitrite) over short (0.61 m) distances.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"National Ground Water Assocaition","publisherLocation":"Westerville, OH","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6592.2011.01326.x","usgsCitation":"Harte, P.T., and Flanagan, S., 2011, Application of a new vertical profiling tool (ESASS) for sampling groundwater quality during hollow-stem auger drilling: Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation, v. 31, no. 1, p. 86-98, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6592.2011.01326.x.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"86","endPage":"98","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":468,"text":"New Hampshire-Vermont Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246934,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":246919,"rank":100,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6592.2011.01326.x","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"31","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ec90e4b0c8380cd4934a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harte, Philip T. 0000-0002-7718-1204 ptharte@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7718-1204","contributorId":1008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harte","given":"Philip","email":"ptharte@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flanagan, Sarah M.","contributorId":8492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flanagan","given":"Sarah M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70009679,"text":"70009679 - 2011 - The science of trail surveys: Recreation ecology provides new tools for managing wilderness trails","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-04-15T17:28:15","indexId":"70009679","displayToPublicDate":"2012-03-11T16:22:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3014,"text":"Park Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The science of trail surveys: Recreation ecology provides new tools for managing wilderness trails","docAbstract":"Recreation ecology examines the effects of recreation on protected area ecosystems. One core focus of recreation ecology research is trail science, including the development of efficient protocols to assess and monitor the type and severity of resource impacts, analyses to improve knowledge of factors that influence trail conditions, and studies to assist land managers in improving trail design, maintenance, and visitor management. This article reviews alternative trail survey methodologies most useful for the management of wilderness and backcountry trail networks. Illustrations and implications from survey data for trail planning, design, and management are included.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Park Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","usgsCitation":"Marion, J.L., Wimpey, J.F., and Park, L.O., 2011, The science of trail surveys: Recreation ecology provides new tools for managing wilderness trails: Park Science, v. 28, no. 3, 6 p.","productDescription":"6 p.","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246760,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":246758,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://profile.usgs.gov/myscience/upload_folder/ci2012Feb2415014936429Park%20Science%20Trail%20Survey%20paper.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","volume":"28","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bafb8e4b08c986b3249cb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marion, Jeffrey L.","contributorId":56322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marion","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":356849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wimpey, Jeremy F.","contributorId":83769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wimpey","given":"Jeremy","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Park, Logan O.","contributorId":35161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Park","given":"Logan","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70005575,"text":"70005575 - 2011 - Demographic consequences of migratory stopover: Linking red knot survival to horseshoe crab spawning abundance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-12T22:26:50.746887","indexId":"70005575","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-28T09:03:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Demographic consequences of migratory stopover: Linking red knot survival to horseshoe crab spawning abundance","docAbstract":"Understanding how events during one period of the annual cycle carry over to affect survival and other fitness components in other periods is essential to understanding migratory bird demography and conservation needs. Previous research has suggested that western Atlantic red knot (Calidris canutus rufa) populations are greatly affected by horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus) egg availability at Delaware Bay stopover sites during their spring northward migration. We present a mass‐based multistate, capture‐recapture/resighting model linking (1) red knot stopover mass gain to horseshoe crab spawning abundance and (2) subsequent apparent annual survival to mass state at the time of departure from the Delaware Bay stopover area. The model and analysis use capture‐recapture/resighting data with over 16,000 individual captures and 13,000 resightings collected in Delaware Bay over a 12 year period from 1997–2008, and the results are used to evaluate the central management hypothesis that red knot populations can be influenced by horseshoe crab harvest regulations as part of a larger adaptive management effort. Model selection statistics showed support for a positive relationship between horseshoe crab spawning abundance during the stopover and the probability of red knots gaining mass (parameter coefficient from the top model b̂ = 1.71, ![\"inline](\"https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/asset/e6ab4ef1-f7b4-490d-b248-408cb17f4ce2/ecs211001061-math-0005.gif\")
= 0.46). Our analyses also supported the link between red knot mass and apparent annual survival, although average estimates for the two mass classes differed only slightly. The addition of arctic snow depth as a covariate influencing apparent survival improved the fit of the data to the models (parameter coefficient from the top model b̂ = 0.50, ![\"inline](\"https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/asset/7c098e02-5216-4d58-9382-63b95209cfcc/ecs211001061-math-0006.gif\")
= 0.08). Our results indicate that managing horseshoe crab resources in the Delaware Bay has the potential to improve red knot population status.
At global and regional scales, tree mortality rates are positively correlated with forest net primary productivity (NPP). Yet causes of the correlation are unknown, in spite of potentially profound implications for our understanding of environmental controls of forest structure and dynamics and, more generally, our understanding of broad-scale environmental controls of population dynamics and ecosystem processes. Here we seek to shed light on the causes of geographic patterns in tree mortality rates, and we consider some implications of the positive correlation between mortality rates and NPP. To reach these ends, we present seven hypotheses potentially explaining the correlation, develop an approach to help distinguish among the hypotheses, and apply the approach in a case study comparing a tropical and temperate forest.
\nBased on our case study and literature synthesis, we conclude that no single mechanism controls geographic patterns of tree mortality rates. At least four different mechanisms may be at play, with the dominant mechanisms depending on whether the underlying productivity gradients are caused by climate or soil fertility. Two of the mechanisms are consequences of environmental selection for certain combinations of life-history traits, reflecting trade-offs between growth and defense (along edaphic productivity gradients) and between reproduction and persistence (as manifested in the adult tree stature continuum along climatic and edaphic gradients). The remaining two mechanisms are consequences of environmental influences on the nature and strength of ecological interactions: competition (along edaphic gradients) and pressure from plant enemies (along climatic gradients).
\nFor only one of these four mechanisms, competition, can high mortality rates be considered to be a relatively direct consequence of high NPP. The remaining mechanisms force us to adopt a different view of causality, in which tree growth rates and probability of mortality can vary with at least a degree of independence along productivity gradients. In many cases, rather than being a direct cause of high mortality rates, NPP may remain high in spite of high mortality rates. The independent influence of plant enemies and other factors helps explain why forest biomass can show little correlation, or even negative correlation, with forest NPP.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Monographs","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Ithaca, NY","doi":"10.1890/10-1077.1","usgsCitation":"Stephenson, N.L., van Mantgem, P.J., Bunn, A.G., Bruner, H., Harmon, M.E., O’Connell, K.B., Urban, D., and Franklin, J., 2011, Causes and implications of the correlation between forest productivity and tree mortality rates: Ecological Monographs, v. 81, no. 4, p. 527-555, https://doi.org/10.1890/10-1077.1.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"527","endPage":"555","numberOfPages":"29","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474757,"rank":101,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/10-1077.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":204827,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":204821,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/10-1077.1","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"81","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f3d1e4b0c8380cd4b9a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stephenson, Nathan L. 0000-0003-0208-7229 nstephenson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0208-7229","contributorId":2836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephenson","given":"Nathan","email":"nstephenson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"van Mantgem, Philip J.","contributorId":78199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Mantgem","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bunn, Andrew G.","contributorId":100248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunn","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bruner, Howard","contributorId":35191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bruner","given":"Howard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Harmon, Mark E.","contributorId":96961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harmon","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"O’Connell, Kari B.","contributorId":24634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Connell","given":"Kari","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Urban, Dean L.","contributorId":10674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Urban","given":"Dean L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Franklin, Jerry F.","contributorId":101939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franklin","given":"Jerry F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70007474,"text":"70007474 - 2011 - Nutrient loadings to streams of the continental United States from municipal and industrial effluent?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-28T15:47:43","indexId":"70007474","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nutrient loadings to streams of the continental United States from municipal and industrial effluent?","docAbstract":"Data from the United States Environmental Protection Agency Permit Compliance System national database were used to calculate annual total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) loads to surface waters from municipal and industrial facilities in six major regions of the United States for 1992, 1997, and 2002. Concentration and effluent flow data were examined for approximately 118,250 facilities in 45 states and the District of Columbia. Inconsistent and incomplete discharge locations, effluent flows, and effluent nutrient concentrations limited the use of these data for calculating nutrient loads. More concentrations were reported for major facilities, those discharging more than 1 million gallons per day, than for minor facilities, and more concentrations were reported for TP than for TN. Analytical methods to check and improve the quality of the Permit Compliance System data were used. Annual loads were calculated using \"typical pollutant concentrations\" to supplement missing concentrations based on the type and size of facilities. Annual nutrient loads for over 26,600 facilities were calculated for at least one of the three years. Sewage systems represented 74% of all TN loads and 58% of all TP loads. This work represents an initial set of data to develop a comprehensive and consistent national database of point-source nutrient loads. These loads can be used to inform a wide range of water-quality management, watershed modeling, and research efforts at multiple scales.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","publisherLocation":"Middleburg, VA","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00576.x","usgsCitation":"Maupin, M.A., and Ivahnenko, T., 2011, Nutrient loadings to streams of the continental United States from municipal and industrial effluent?: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 47, no. 5, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00576.x.","numberOfPages":"5","temporalStart":"1992-01-01","temporalEnd":"2002-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474759,"rank":101,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3307619","text":"External Repository"},{"id":204726,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":204715,"rank":100,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00576.x","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","volume":"47","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6989e4b0c8380cd73da5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maupin, Molly A. 0000-0002-2695-5505 mamaupin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2695-5505","contributorId":951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maupin","given":"Molly","email":"mamaupin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ivahnenko, Tamara 0000-0002-1124-7688 ivahnenk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1124-7688","contributorId":93524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ivahnenko","given":"Tamara","email":"ivahnenk@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70007107,"text":"70007107 - 2011 - Who's your momma? Recognizing maternal origin of juvenile steelhead using injections of strontium chloride to create transgenerational marks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-10T09:47:23","indexId":"70007107","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-12T14:47:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Who's your momma? Recognizing maternal origin of juvenile steelhead using injections of strontium chloride to create transgenerational marks","docAbstract":"We sought to determine whether a strontium chloride injection could be used to create a transgenerational otolith mark in steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss. Two strontium injection trials and a survey of strontium: calcium (Sr:Ca) ratios in juvenile steelhead from various steelhead hatcheries were conducted to test the feasibility of the technique. In both trials, progeny of fish injected with strontium had significantly higher Sr:Ca ratios in the primordial region of their otoliths, as measured by an electron wavelength dispersive microprobe. In trial 1, the 5,000-mg/L treatment level showed that 56.8% of the otoliths were correctly classified, 12.2% being misclassified as belonging to the 0-mg/L treatment. In trial 2, the 20,000-mg/L treatment level showed that 30.8% of the otoliths were correctly classified, 13.5% being misclassified as belonging to the 0-mg/L treatment. There were no differences in the fertilization rates of eggs or survival rates of fry between the treatment and control groups. The Sr:Ca ratios in otoliths collected from various hatchery populations of steelhead varied and were greater than those found in otoliths from control fish in both of our injection trials. This study suggests that the marking technique led to recognizable increases in Sr:Ca ratios in some otoliths collected from fry produced by injected females. Not all progeny showed such increases, however, suggesting that the method holds promise but requires further refinement to reduce variation. Overall, there was a correct classification of about 40% across all treatments and trials; the variation in Sr:Ca ratios found among experimental trials and hatcheries indicates that care must be taken if the technique is employed where fish from more than one hatchery could be involved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","publisherLocation":"Philadelphia, PA","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2011.620488","usgsCitation":"Shippentower, G.E., Schreck, C.B., and Heppell, S.A., 2011, Who's your momma? Recognizing maternal origin of juvenile steelhead using injections of strontium chloride to create transgenerational marks: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 140, no. 5, p. 1330-1339, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2011.620488.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1330","endPage":"1339","ipdsId":"IP-034669","costCenters":[{"id":517,"text":"Oregon Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204614,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":115826,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2011.620488","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"140","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-10-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd085e4b08c986b32eed6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shippentower, Gene E.","contributorId":37213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shippentower","given":"Gene","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schreck, Carl B. 0000-0001-8347-1139 carl.schreck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8347-1139","contributorId":878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreck","given":"Carl","email":"carl.schreck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Heppell, Scott A.","contributorId":17873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heppell","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70003975,"text":"70003975 - 2011 - Wild bird migration across the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau: A transmission route for highly pathogenic H5N1","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-23T09:15:57","indexId":"70003975","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wild bird migration across the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau: A transmission route for highly pathogenic H5N1","docAbstract":"Background
\nQinghai Lake in central China has been at the center of debate on whether wild birds play a role in circulation of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1. In 2005, an unprecedented epizootic at Qinghai Lake killed more than 6000 migratory birds including over 3000 bar-headed geese (Anser indicus). H5N1 subsequently spread to Europe and Africa, and in following years has re-emerged in wild birds along the Central Asia flyway several times.
\nMethodology/Principal Findings
\nTo better understand the potential involvement of wild birds in the spread of H5N1, we studied the movements of bar-headed geese marked with GPS satellite transmitters at Qinghai Lake in relation to virus outbreaks and disease risk factors. We discovered a previously undocumented migratory pathway between Qinghai Lake and the Lhasa Valley of Tibet where 93% of the 29 marked geese overwintered. From 2003–2009, sixteen outbreaks in poultry or wild birds were confirmed on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and the majority were located within the migratory pathway of the geese. Spatial and temporal concordance between goose movements and three potential H5N1 virus sources (poultry farms, a captive bar-headed goose facility, and H5N1 outbreak locations) indicated ample opportunities existed for virus spillover and infection of migratory geese on the wintering grounds. Their potential as a vector of H5N1 was supported by rapid migration movements of some geese and genetic relatedness of H5N1 virus isolated from geese in Tibet and Qinghai Lake.
\nConclusions/Significance
\nThis is the first study to compare phylogenetics of the virus with spatial ecology of its host, and the combined results suggest that wild birds play a role in the spread of H5N1 in this region. However, the strength of the evidence would be improved with additional sequences from both poultry and wild birds on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau where H5N1 has a clear stronghold.
","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0017622","usgsCitation":"Prosser, D.J., Cui, P., Takekawa, J.Y., Tang, M., Hou, Y., Collins, B.M., Yan, B., Hill, N., Li, T., Li, Y., Lei, F., Guo, S., Xing, Z., He, Y., Zhou, Y., Douglas, D.C., Perry, W.M., and Newman, S.H., 2011, Wild bird migration across the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau: A transmission route for highly pathogenic H5N1: PLoS ONE, v. 6, no. 3, e17622; 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0017622.","productDescription":"e17622; 14 p.","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474767,"rank":101,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0017622","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":204610,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":21762,"rank":100,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0017622","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"China","otherGeospatial":"Qinghai Lake","volume":"6","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd0bfe4b08c986b32f037","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prosser, Diann J. 0000-0002-5251-1799 dprosser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5251-1799","contributorId":2389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prosser","given":"Diann","email":"dprosser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":349984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cui, Peng","contributorId":102202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cui","given":"Peng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":349982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tang, Mingjie","contributorId":53086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tang","given":"Mingjie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hou, Yuansheng","contributorId":80400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hou","given":"Yuansheng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Collins, Bridget M.","contributorId":84900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"Bridget","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Yan, Baoping","contributorId":76871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yan","given":"Baoping","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hill, Nichola J.","contributorId":30342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Nichola J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Li, Tianxian","contributorId":34651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"Tianxian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Li, Yongdong","contributorId":25698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"Yongdong","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Lei, Fumin","contributorId":33841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lei","given":"Fumin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Guo, Shan","contributorId":62741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guo","given":"Shan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Xing, Zhi","contributorId":61958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xing","given":"Zhi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"He, Yubang","contributorId":15342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"He","given":"Yubang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Zhou, Yuanchun","contributorId":10154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhou","given":"Yuanchun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Douglas, David C. 0000-0003-0186-1104 ddouglas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0186-1104","contributorId":2388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"David","email":"ddouglas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":349983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Perry, William M. 0000-0002-6180-8180 wmperry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6180-8180","contributorId":5124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"William","email":"wmperry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":349985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Newman, Scott H.","contributorId":101372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newman","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18}]}} ,{"id":70004671,"text":"70004671 - 2011 - Wastewater dilution index partially explains observed polybrominated diphenyl ether flame retardant concentrations in osprey eggs from Columbia River Basin, 2008-2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-13T06:24:03","indexId":"70004671","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-05T10:29:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1479,"text":"Ecotoxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wastewater dilution index partially explains observed polybrominated diphenyl ether flame retardant concentrations in osprey eggs from Columbia River Basin, 2008-2009","docAbstract":"Several polybrominated biphenyl ether (PBDE) congeners were found in all 175 osprey (Pandion haliaetus) eggs collected from the Columbia River Basin between 2002 and 2009. ΣPBDE concentrations in 2008–2009 were highest in osprey eggs from the two lowest flow rivers studied; however, each river flowed through relatively large and populous metropolitan areas (Boise, Idaho and Spokane, Washington). We used the volume of Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) discharge, a known source of PBDEs, as a measure of human activity at a location, and combined with river flow (both converted to millions of gallons/day) created a novel approach (an approximate Dilution Index) to relate waterborne contaminants to levels of these contaminants that reach avian eggs. This approach provided a useful understanding of the spatial osprey egg concentration patterns observed. Individual osprey egg concentrations along the Upper Willamette River co-varied with the Dilution Index, while combined egg data (geometric means) from rivers or segments of rivers showed a strong, significant relationship to the Dilution Index with one exception, the Boise River. There, we believe osprey egg concentrations were lower than expected because Boise River ospreys foraged perhaps 50–75% of the time off the river at ponds and lakes stocked with fish that contained relatively low ΣPBDE concentrations. Our limited temporal data at specific localities (2004–2009) suggests that ΣPBDE concentrations in osprey eggs peaked between 2005 and 2007, and then decreased, perhaps in response to penta- and octa-PBDE technical mixtures no longer being used in the USA after 2004. Empirical estimates of biomagnification factors (BMFs) from fish to osprey eggs were 3.76–7.52 on a wet weight (ww) basis or 4.37–11.0 lipid weight. Our earlier osprey study suggested that ΣPBDE egg concentrations >1,000 ng/g ww may reduce osprey reproductive success. Only two of the study areas sampled in 2008–2009 contained individual eggs with ΣPBDE concentrations >1,000 ng/g, and non-significant (P > 0.30) negative relationships were found between ΣPBDEs and reproductive success. Additional monitoring is required to confirm not only the apparent decline in PBDE concentrations in osprey eggs that occurred during this study, but also to better understand the relationship between PBDEs in eggs and reproductive success.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10646-011-0608-2","usgsCitation":"Henny, C.J., Grove, R.A., Kaiser, J.L., Johnson, B., Furl, C.V., and Letcher, R., 2011, Wastewater dilution index partially explains observed polybrominated diphenyl ether flame retardant concentrations in osprey eggs from Columbia River Basin, 2008-2009: Ecotoxicology, v. 20, no. 4, p. 682-697, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-011-0608-2.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"682","endPage":"697","numberOfPages":"16","temporalStart":"2002-01-01","temporalEnd":"2009-12-01","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204689,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Columbia River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.3212890625,\n 45.089035564831015\n ],\n [\n -119.2236328125,\n 43.389081939117496\n ],\n [\n -113.3349609375,\n 41.86956082699455\n ],\n [\n -110.91796875,\n 44.402391829093915\n ],\n [\n -114.30175781249999,\n 47.45780853075031\n ],\n [\n -118.82812499999997,\n 48.07807894349862\n ],\n [\n -123.61816406249997,\n 47.18971246448421\n ],\n [\n -124.3212890625,\n 45.089035564831015\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"20","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-02-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc3fae4b08c986b32b434","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henny, Charles J. 0000-0001-7474-350X hennyc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7474-350X","contributorId":3461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henny","given":"Charles","email":"hennyc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grove, Robert A.","contributorId":52134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grove","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kaiser, James L.","contributorId":57033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaiser","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, Branden L. branden_johnson@usgs.gov","contributorId":4168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Branden L.","email":"branden_johnson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Furl, Chad V.","contributorId":28365,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Furl","given":"Chad","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Letcher, Robert J.","contributorId":25292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Letcher","given":"Robert J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70006311,"text":"70006311 - 2011 - An exploratory investigation of polar organic compounds in waters from a lead–zinc mine and mill complex","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-11T10:23:20","indexId":"70006311","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3728,"text":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","onlineIssn":"1573-2932","printIssn":"0049-6979","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An exploratory investigation of polar organic compounds in waters from a lead–zinc mine and mill complex","docAbstract":"Surface water samples were collected in 2006 from a lead mine-mill complex in Missouri to investigate possible organic compounds coming from the milling process. Water samples contained relatively high concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC; greater than 20 mg/l) for surface waters but were colorless, implying a lack of naturally occurring aquatic humic or fulvic acids. Samples were extracted by three different types of solid-phase extraction and analyzed by electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry. Because large amounts of xanthate complexation reagents are used in the milling process, techniques were developed to extract and analyze for sodium isopropyl xanthate and sodium ethyl xanthate. Although these xanthate reagents were not found, trace amounts of the degradates, isopropyl xanthyl thiosulfonate and isopropyl xanthyl sulfonate, were found in most locations sampled, including the tailings pond downstream. Dioctyl sulfosuccinate, a surfactant and process filtering aid, was found at concentrations estimated at 350 μg/l at one mill outlet, but not downstream. Release of these organic compounds downstream from lead-zinc mine and milling areas has not previously been reported. A majority of the DOC remains unidentified.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11270-010-0598-3","usgsCitation":"Rostad, C.E., Schmitt, C.J., Schumacher, J., and Leiker, T.J., 2011, An exploratory investigation of polar organic compounds in waters from a lead–zinc mine and mill complex: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, v. 217, no. 1-4, p. 431-443, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-010-0598-3.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"431","endPage":"443","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":145,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Central Region","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204691,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Velocity-based movement modeling for individual and population level inference","docAbstract":"Understanding animal movement and resource selection provides important information about the ecology of the animal, but an animal's movement and behavior are not typically constant in time. We present a velocity-based approach for modeling animal movement in space and time that allows for temporal heterogeneity in an animal's response to the environment, allows for temporal irregularity in telemetry data, and accounts for the uncertainty in the location information. Population-level inference on movement patterns and resource selection can then be made through cluster analysis of the parameters related to movement and behavior. We illustrate this approach through a study of northern fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus) movement in the Bering Sea, Alaska, USA. Results show sex differentiation, with female northern fur seals exhibiting stronger response to environmental variables.
","largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0022795","usgsCitation":"Hanks, E., Hooten, M., Johnson, D., and Sterling, J.T., 2011, Velocity-based movement modeling for individual and population level inference: PLoS ONE, v. 6, no. 8, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022795.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"e22795","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":474772,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022795","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":204692,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Bering Sea","volume":"6","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc1fee4b08c986b32a889","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hanks, Ephraim M.","contributorId":104630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanks","given":"Ephraim M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hooten, Mevin 0000-0002-1614-723X mhooten@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1614-723X","contributorId":2958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooten","given":"Mevin","email":"mhooten@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":12963,"text":"Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Fort Collins, CO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":348201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Devin S.","contributorId":47524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Devin S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sterling, Jeremy T.","contributorId":29570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sterling","given":"Jeremy","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70003977,"text":"70003977 - 2011 - Variability of albedo and utility of the MODIS albedo product in forested wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-07T00:10:04","indexId":"70003977","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-29T11:40:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variability of albedo and utility of the MODIS albedo product in forested wetlands","docAbstract":"Albedo was monitored over a two-year period (beginning April 2008) at three forested wetland sites in Florida, USA using up- and down-ward facing pyranometers. Water level, above and below land surface, is the primary control on the temporal variability of daily albedo. Relatively low reflectivity of water accounts for the observed reductions in albedo with increased inundation of the forest floor. Enhanced canopy shading of the forest floor was responsible for lower sensitivity of albedo to water level at the most dense forest site. At one site, the most dramatic reduction in daily albedo was observed during the inundation of a highly-reflective, calcareous periphyton-covered land surface. Satellite-based Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) estimates of albedo compare favorably with measured albedo. Use of MODIS albedo values in net radiation computations introduced a root mean squared error of less than 4.7 W/m2 and a mean, annual bias of less than 2.3 W/m2 (1.7%). These results suggest that MODIS-estimated albedo values can reliably be used to capture areal and temporal variations in albedo that are important to the surface energy balance.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wetlands","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s13157-011-0161-z","usgsCitation":"Sumner, D.M., Wu, Q., and Pathak, C.S., 2011, Variability of albedo and utility of the MODIS albedo product in forested wetlands: Wetlands, v. 31, no. 2, p. 229-237, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-011-0161-z.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"229","endPage":"237","temporalStart":"2008-04-01","temporalEnd":"2010-03-31","costCenters":[{"id":279,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center-Orlando","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":115772,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13157-011-0161-z","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":204694,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","volume":"31","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc134e4b08c986b32a4a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sumner, David M. 0000-0002-2144-9304 dmsumner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2144-9304","contributorId":1362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sumner","given":"David","email":"dmsumner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":270,"text":"FLWSC-Tampa","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":156,"text":"Caribbean Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":350006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wu, Qinglong","contributorId":63950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wu","given":"Qinglong","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pathak, Chandra S.","contributorId":84507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pathak","given":"Chandra","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70007254,"text":"70007254 - 2011 - Patterns of hybridization of nonnative cutthroat trout and hatchery rainbow trout with native redband trout in the Boise River, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:16:02","indexId":"70007254","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-24T08:46:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Patterns of hybridization of nonnative cutthroat trout and hatchery rainbow trout with native redband trout in the Boise River, Idaho","docAbstract":"Hybridization is one of the greatest threats to native fishes. Threats from hybridization are particularly important for native trout species as stocking of nonnative trout has been widespread within the ranges of native species, thus increasing the potential for hybridization. While many studies have documented hybridization between native cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii and nonnative rainbow trout O. mykiss, fewer have focused on this issue in native rainbow trout despite widespread threats from introductions of both nonnative cutthroat trout and hatchery rainbow trout. Here, we describe the current genetic (i.e., hybridization) status of native redband trout O. mykiss gairdneri populations in the upper Boise River, Idaho. Interspecific hybridization was widespread (detected at 14 of the 41 sampled locations), but high levels of hybridization between nonnative cutthroat trout and redband trout were detected in only a few streams. Intraspecific hybridization was considerably more widespread (almost 40% of sampled locations), and several local populations of native redband trout have been almost completely replaced with hatchery coastal rainbow trout O. mykiss irideus; other populations exist as hybrid swarms, some are in the process of being actively invaded, and some are maintaining genetic characteristics of native populations. The persistence of some redband trout populations with high genetic integrity provides some opportunity to conserve native genomes, but our findings also highlight the complex decisions facing managers today. Effective management strategies in this system may include analysis of the specific attributes of each site and population to evaluate the relative risks posed by isolation versus maintaining connectivity, identifying potential sites for control or eradication of nonnative trout, and long-term monitoring of the genetic integrity of remaining redband trout populations to track changes in their status.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","publisherLocation":"Philadelphia, PA","doi":"10.1080/02755947.2011.647252","usgsCitation":"Neville, H.M., and Dunham, J., 2011, Patterns of hybridization of nonnative cutthroat trout and hatchery rainbow trout with native redband trout in the Boise River, Idaho: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 31, no. 6, p. 1163-1176, https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2011.647252.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1163","endPage":"1176","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":115751,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2011.647252","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":204586,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Boise River","volume":"31","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a75d7e4b0c8380cd77d8f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Neville, Helen M.","contributorId":21273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neville","given":"Helen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dunham, Jason B.","contributorId":64791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunham","given":"Jason B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70007165,"text":"70007165 - 2011 - A Markov decision process for managing habitat for Florida scrub-jays","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-21T16:04:07","indexId":"70007165","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2287,"text":"Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A Markov decision process for managing habitat for Florida scrub-jays","docAbstract":"Florida scrub-jays Aphelocoma coerulescens are listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act due to loss and degradation of scrub habitat. This study concerned the development of an optimal strategy for the restoration and management of scrub habitat at Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge, which contains one of the few remaining large populations of scrub-jays in Florida. There are documented differences in the reproductive and survival rates of scrubjays among discrete classes of scrub height (<120 cm or \"short\"; 120-170 cm or \"optimal\"; .170 cm or \"tall\"; and a combination of tall and optimal or \"mixed\"), and our objective was to calculate a state-dependent management strategy that would maximize the long-term growth rate of the resident scrub-jay population. We used aerial imagery with multistate Markov models to estimate annual transition probabilities among the four scrub-height classes under three possible management actions: scrub restoration (mechanical cutting followed by burning), a prescribed burn, or no intervention. A strategy prescribing the optimal management action for management units exhibiting different proportions of scrub-height classes was derived using dynamic programming. Scrub restoration was the optimal management action only in units dominated by mixed and tall scrub, and burning tended to be the optimal action for intermediate levels of short scrub. The optimal action was to do nothing when the amount of short scrub was greater than 30%, because short scrub mostly transitions to optimal height scrub (i.e., that state with the highest demographic success of scrub-jays) in the absence of intervention. Monte Carlo simulation of the optimal policy suggested that some form of management would be required every year. We note, however, that estimates of scrub-height transition probabilities were subject to several sources of uncertainty, and so we explored the management implications of alternative sets of transition probabilities. Generally, our analysis demonstrated the difficulty of managing for a species that requires midsuccessional habitat, and suggests that innovative management tools may be needed to help ensure the persistence of scrub-jays at Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge. The development of a tailored monitoring program as a component of adaptive management could help reduce uncertainty about controlled and uncontrolled variation in transition probabilities of scrub-height and thus lead to improved decision making.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Arlington, VA","doi":"10.3996/012011-JFWM-003","usgsCitation":"Johnson, F.A., Breininger, D.R., Duncan, B.W., Nichols, J., Runge, M.C., and Williams, B.K., 2011, A Markov decision process for managing habitat for Florida scrub-jays: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, v. 2, no. 2, p. 234-246, https://doi.org/10.3996/012011-JFWM-003.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"234","endPage":"246","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474779,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3996/012011-jfwm-003","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":204634,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":115665,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3996/012011-JFWM-003","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","volume":"2","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e2e9e4b0c8380cd45d15","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Fred A. 0000-0002-5854-3695 fjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5854-3695","contributorId":2773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Fred","email":"fjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Breininger, David R.","contributorId":6990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breininger","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Duncan, Brean W.","contributorId":32663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duncan","given":"Brean","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nichols, James D. 0000-0002-7631-2890 jnichols@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"James D.","email":"jnichols@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":356000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Runge, Michael C. 0000-0002-8081-536X mrunge@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-536X","contributorId":3358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runge","given":"Michael","email":"mrunge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Williams, B. Ken","contributorId":44663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"Ken","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70006021,"text":"70006021 - 2011 - Tumor prevalence and biomarkers of genotoxicity in brown bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus) in Chesapeake Bay tributaries","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-01T20:26:34.170909","indexId":"70006021","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-17T09:46:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Tumor prevalence and biomarkers of genotoxicity in brown bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus) in Chesapeake Bay tributaries","title":"Tumor prevalence and biomarkers of genotoxicity in brown bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus) in Chesapeake Bay tributaries","docAbstract":"We surveyed four Chesapeake Bay tributaries for skin and liver tumors in brown bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus). We focused on the South River, where the highest skin tumor prevalence (53%) in the Bay watershed had been reported. The objectives were to 1) compare tumor prevalence with nearby rivers (Severn and Rhode) and a more remote river (Choptank); 2) investigate associations between tumor prevalence and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and alkylating agents; and 3) statistically analyze Chesapeake Bay bullhead tumor data from 1992 through 2008. All four South River collections exhibited high skin tumor prevalence (19% to 58%), whereas skin tumor prevalence was 2%, 10%, and 52% in the three Severn collections; 0% and 2% in the Choptank collections; and 5.6% in the Rhode collection. Liver tumor prevalence was 0% to 6% in all but one South River collection (20%) and 0% to 6% in the three other rivers. In a subset of samples, PAH-like biliary metabolites and 32P-DNA adducts were used as biomarkers of exposure and response to polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs). Adducts from alkylating agents were detected as O6-methyl-2′-deoxyguanosine (O6Me-dG) and O6-ethyl-2′-deoxyguanosine (O6Et-dG) modified DNA. Bullheads from the contaminated Anacostia River were used as a positive control for DNA adducts. 32P-DNA adduct concentrations were significantly higher in Anacostia bullhead livers compared with the other rivers. We identified alkyl DNA adducts in bullhead livers from the South and Anacostia, but not the Choptank. Neither the PAH-like bile metabolite data, sediment PAH data, nor the DNA adduct data suggest an association between liver or skin tumor prevalence and exposure to PACs or alkylating agents in the South, Choptank, Severn, or Rhode rivers. Logistic regression analysis of the Chesapeake Bay database revealed that sex and length were significant covariates for liver tumors and length was a significant covariate for skin tumors.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.09.035","usgsCitation":"Pinkney, A.E., Harshbarger, J., Karouna-Renier, N., Jenko, K., Balk, L., Skarphedinsdottir, H., Liewenborg, B., and Rutter, M.A., 2011, Tumor prevalence and biomarkers of genotoxicity in brown bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus) in Chesapeake Bay tributaries: Science of the Total Environment, v. 410-411, p. 248-257, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.09.035.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"248","endPage":"257","temporalStart":"1992-01-01","temporalEnd":"2008-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204578,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay watershed, South River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -79.2333984375,\n 36.914764288955936\n ],\n [\n -75.1025390625,\n 36.914764288955936\n ],\n [\n -75.1025390625,\n 39.926588421909436\n ],\n [\n -79.2333984375,\n 39.926588421909436\n ],\n [\n -79.2333984375,\n 36.914764288955936\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"410-411","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb8bfe4b08c986b327a46","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pinkney, Alfred E.","contributorId":14253,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pinkney","given":"Alfred","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":12750,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Annapolis, MD","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":353687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harshbarger, John C.","contributorId":85928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harshbarger","given":"John C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Karouna-Renier, Natalie K. 0000-0001-7127-033X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7127-033X","contributorId":17357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karouna-Renier","given":"Natalie K.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":353688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jenko, Kathryn","contributorId":6720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenko","given":"Kathryn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Balk, Lennart","contributorId":38844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balk","given":"Lennart","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Skarphedinsdottir, Halldora","contributorId":52832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skarphedinsdottir","given":"Halldora","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Liewenborg, Birgitta","contributorId":101940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liewenborg","given":"Birgitta","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Rutter, Michael A.","contributorId":13938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rutter","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70004539,"text":"70004539 - 2011 - Toxic effects of dietary methylmercury on immune function and hematology in American kestrels (Falco sparverius)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-13T06:25:52","indexId":"70004539","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-12T18:03:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Toxic effects of dietary methylmercury on immune function and hematology in American kestrels (Falco sparverius)","title":"Toxic effects of dietary methylmercury on immune function and hematology in American kestrels (Falco sparverius)","docAbstract":"Fifty-nine adult male American kestrels (Falco sparverius) were assigned to one of three diet formulations including 0 (control), 0.6, and 3.9 μg/g (dry wt) methylmercury (MeHg). Kestrels received their diets daily for 13 weeks to assess the effects of dietary MeHg on immunocompetence. Immunotoxic endpoints included assessment of cell-mediated immunity (CMI) using the phytohemagglutinin (PHA) skin-swelling assay and primary and secondary antibody-mediated immune responses (IR) via the sheep red blood cell (SRBC) hemagglutination assay. Select hematology and histology parameters were evaluated to corroborate the results of functional assays and to assess immunosuppression of T and B cell-dependent components in spleen tissue. Kestrels in the 0.6 and 3.9 μg/g MeHg groups exhibited suppression of CMI, including lower PHA stimulation indexes (p = 0.019) and a 42 to 45% depletion of T cell-dependent splenic lymphoid tissue (p = 0.006). Kestrels in the 0.6 μg/g group exhibited suppression of the primary IR to SRBCs (p = 0.014). MeHg did not have a noticeable effect on the secondary IR (p = 0.166). Elevation of absolute heterophil counts (p < 0.001), the heterophil to lymphocyte ratio (p < 0.001), and total white blood cell counts (p = 0.003) was apparent in the 3.9 μg/g group at week 12. Heterophilia, or the excess of heterophils in peripheral blood above normal ranges, was apparent in seven of 17 (41%) kestrels in the 3.9 μg/g group and was indicative of an acute inflammatory response or physiological stress. This study revealed that adult kestrels were more sensitive to immunotoxic effects of MeHg at environmentally relevant dietary concentrations than they were to reproductive effects as previously reported.","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","doi":"10.1002/etc.494","usgsCitation":"Fallacara, D.M., Halbrook, R.S., and French, J.B., 2011, Toxic effects of dietary methylmercury on immune function and hematology in American kestrels (Falco sparverius): Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 30, no. 6, p. 1320-1327, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.494.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1320","endPage":"1327","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204592,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb5c7e4b08c986b3268cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fallacara, Dawn M.","contributorId":77295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fallacara","given":"Dawn","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Halbrook, Richard S.","contributorId":12974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halbrook","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"French, John B. 0000-0001-8901-7092 jbfrench@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8901-7092","contributorId":377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"French","given":"John","email":"jbfrench@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":350611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70003359,"text":"70003359 - 2011 - Tidal Boundary Conditions in SEAWAT","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:16:01","indexId":"70003359","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-08T15:46:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tidal Boundary Conditions in SEAWAT","docAbstract":"SEAWAT, a U.S. Geological Survey groundwater flow and transport code, is increasingly used to model the effects of tidal motion on coastal aquifers. Different options are available to simulate tidal boundaries but no guidelines exist nor have comparisons been made to identify the most effective approach. We test seven methods to simulate a sloping beach and a tidal flat. The ocean is represented in one of the three ways: directly using a high hydraulic conductivity (high-K) zone and indirect simulation via specified head boundaries using either the General Head Boundary (GHB) or the new Periodic Boundary Condition (PBC) package. All beach models simulate similar water fluxes across the upland boundary and across the sediment-water interface although the ratio of intertidal to subtidal flow is different at low tide. Simulating a seepage face results in larger intertidal fluxes and influences near-shore heads and salinity. Major differences in flow occur in the tidal flat simulations. Because SEAWAT does not simulate unsaturated flow the water table only rises via flow through the saturated zone. This results in delayed propagation of the rising tidal signal inland. Inundation of the tidal flat is delayed as is flow into the aquifer across the flat. This is severe in the high-K and PBC models but mild in the GHB models. Results indicate that any of the tidal boundary options are fine if the ocean-aquifer interface is steep. However, as the slope of that interface decreases, the high-K and PBC approaches perform poorly and the GHB boundary is preferable.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"National Ground Water Association","publisherLocation":"Westerville, OH","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00788.x","usgsCitation":"Mulligan, A.E., Langevin, C., and Post, V., 2011, Tidal Boundary Conditions in SEAWAT: Ground Water, v. 49, no. 6, p. 866-879, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00788.x.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"866","endPage":"879","costCenters":[{"id":494,"text":"Office of Groundwater","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":112481,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00788.x","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":204240,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"49","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb35fe4b08c986b325d64","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mulligan, Ann E.","contributorId":69290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mulligan","given":"Ann","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Langevin, Christian","contributorId":13365,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langevin","given":"Christian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Post, Vincent","contributorId":55953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Post","given":"Vincent","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70038925,"text":"70038925 - 2011 - Editor’s message: Groundwater modeling fantasies - Part 2, down to earth","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-11T10:31:11","indexId":"70038925","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T18:40:55","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Editor’s message: Groundwater modeling fantasies - Part 2, down to earth","docAbstract":"Simplicity is the final achievement. After one has played a vast quantity of notes and more notes, it is simplicity that emerges as the crowning reward of art. (Frédéric Chopin, a musician and composer, quoted in If Not God, Then What? by Fost 2007)
Despite the dubious developments discussed in part 1 of this Editor’s Message (Voss 2011), groundwater modeling really does represent the state of the art in hydrogeology, and groundwater modeling is in fact one of our most powerful tools for enhancing hydrogeologic understanding and for informing management of subsurface resources, at least when in the hands of competent hydrologists.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10040-011-0790-6","usgsCitation":"Voss, C.I., 2011, Editor’s message: Groundwater modeling fantasies - Part 2, down to earth: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 19, no. 8, p. 1455-1458, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-011-0790-6.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1455","endPage":"1458","costCenters":[{"id":148,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Western Region","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474790,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-011-0790-6","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":258184,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-11-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a05aae4b0c8380cd50eca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Voss, Clifford I. 0000-0001-5923-2752 cvoss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5923-2752","contributorId":1559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voss","given":"Clifford","email":"cvoss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}